1

Individual Assignment on Change Management

part-2

Simerpreet

Kaur(2228837)

University Canada

West

CMPT 641: Digital

Tranformation

Dr. Said Badeel

October 31,2023
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Table of Contents
Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 3
Company Size:Large .................................................................................................................. ….3
ICT Trend………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..3
Company Size: Medium……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..7
ICT Trend………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..……….…….7

Company Size:Small..................................................................................................................... 10
ICT Trend………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..………..……..10

Conclusion ………………………………………………………….…………………………………………………………………..14
References………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………15
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Introduction

The purpose of this report is to present an overview of the most recent developments in

Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and how they are being used by businesses of

all sorts, from small start-ups to major multinational corporations. Adopting these trends can help

the textile company, which specializes in producing high-end apparel and accessories, enhance both

its production procedures and client interactions. The following discusses the major trends.

Company size: Large (250+)

Type of business: XYZ logistic

ICT trend 1: Cloud Computing

XYZ Logistics can work with partners’ worldwide, store and handle enormous volumes of

data, and guarantee data accessibility by utilizing cloud computing. XYZ logistical may improve

cooperation with vendors, clients, and logistical partners by moving their data and apps to the

cloud. Scalable infrastructure is another advantage that enables them to effectively manage

moments of high demand.

Inventory
Manageme
nt

Supply
Cloud Route
Chain
Optimizati
Manageme Computing on
nt

Warehouse
manageme
nt

Figure 1: How cloud computing is optimizing logistic business

Benefits:
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1. Scalability: XYZ Logistics can adjust its infrastructure and resources in response to demand

thanks to cloud computing, which guarantees uninterrupted business operations at peak

periods.

2. International Collaboration: Cloud-based solutions facilitate easy cooperation with foreign

partners, enhancing data sharing and communication.

3. Data Backup and Recovery: By storing data on the cloud, you reduce the chance of data loss

or system outages and ensure data backup and disaster recovery.

Risks:

1. Data security

a. Effective safety precautions are necessary to prevent data breaches while storing

private client and financial data on the cloud. The store is responsible for

maintaining data security and adhering to local, state, and federal laws.

b. Legal repercussions and reputational harm are possible from breaking data

protection laws, particularly for big, international retailers.

2. Service Interruption

a. Despite their best efforts, cloud companies occasionally experience service outages

and challenges. The retailer's operations may be impacted by these disruptions,

which could result in lost sales and disgruntled customers.

b. Choosing a reputable cloud provider, putting disaster recovery and redundancy

procedures in place, and having a backup plan in case of service disruptions are all

necessary to mitigate this risk.

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ICT trend 2: AI and Machine Learning

By utilizing AI and ML, XYZ Logistics can enhance decision-making, optimize supply

chain management, and automate manual procedures. AI systems, for instance, are capable of

analyzing past data to spot trends and improve route planning, which lowers costs and ensures

deliveries on time. Additionally capable of forecasting demand variations, ML models allow for

proactive inventory control and a decrease in stockouts.

According to ODSC (2021), diagram illustrating the use of AI technology as is as following:

Reduce Production risk

•With AI, system can
predict production unit
to be produced.
Predict Product mix in
the region
Reduce inventory risk
•WIth AI system,
prediction of product •Less product wastage
based on culture can be
possible.

Route optimization Reduce cargo charges by

•short-distance is always peak hour prediction
picked •analyze where/when to
move

Benefits:

1. Efficiency: AI-driven automation can simplify shipping processes, cutting expenses and

raising overall effectiveness.

2. Predictive analytics: AI systems are able to forecast demand more accurately, manage

inventories more effectively, and anticipate market trends by analyzing past data.

3. Real time monitoring: real-time updates on shipment locations, conditions, and any delays

can be obtained by using machine learning models to monitor Internet of Things devices.
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Risks:

1. Data security: Relying on cloud services necessitates strong security protocols to ward off

any breaches of critical consumer and business data.

2. Dependency on Internet Connectivity: Because cloud access is dependent on the internet,

any outages in connectivity could have an effect on business operations and the availability

of vital systems.

Company size: Medium (49-249)

Type of business: Medium-size retail clothing manufacturer with all variety of cloths and

accessories.

ICT Trend 1: Automation and Robotics

Automation in production refers to the use of robots or machines to perform specified tasks.

According to Akhtar WH, these machines are programmed to carry out precise and repetitive

operations, less manual labor is required. Cutting, stitching, and quality control jobs can be

performed by robots. Robotic arms, mechanized machines, and conveyor belts are a few examples

of the technology. This diagram is based on author understanding of the technology.

Raw Material Quality

Fabric Design Fabic Cutting Sewing
Selection Management

Figure 2: Use of Machine in textile industry

Benefits:

1. Labor Cost Reduction:

 Machinery reduces the amount of manual labor required, which lowers labor costs.
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 Lower costs for defects and rework is the consequence of fewer mistakes made by

employees in manufacturing processes.

2. Improved Quality of Product:

 Computers offer consistent results, which translate into better-quality products.

 In the production process, accuracy and precision reduce quality problems and consumer

complaints.

3. Improve Manufacturing Efficiency:

 Automation cuts down on production time, which enables quicker order fulfillment and

maybe higher production capacity.

 Shorter lead times improve responsiveness to market demands and increase customer

satisfaction.

Risks:

1. Initial Investment

a. Robotics and automation implementation can be expensive, involving a sizable

initial investment in hardware and software.

b. Retraining or reassigning staff members who are no longer required for manual labor

can come with costs, which is something to consider.

2. Employee Adjustment:

a. Employee retraining or redistribution may be necessary as part of the automation

transition, which can be difficult and may run into resistance or low morale within

the workforce.

ICT Trend 2: ERP System

Enterprise Resource Planning is referred to as ERP. Organizations utilize this

comprehensive, integrated software system to manage and optimize a variety of corporate

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operations and tasks across multiple departments. ERP systems offer a suite of tools and a

centralized database to assist firms in managing, automating, and analyzing various elements of

their operations. (Textile ERP, n.d.)

Sales
Management

Quality Production
Control Management

Custom
ERP
Human
Resource
Software Inventory
Management
Managment

Shipping and
Accounting
Delivery

Figure 3: ERP in retail

Benefits:

1. Streamlined Operations

a. ERP systems facilitate the integration of several departments and functions, resulting

in a more streamlined and effective workflow.

b. Collaboration and decision-making are enhanced within the company through data

sharing and accessibility.

2. Enhanced Resource Administration

a. ERP systems improve resource allocation and reduce waste by managing resources

efficiently.

b. Stock levels are kept in line with customer demand through optimized inventory

management, which lowers overstock and stock outs.

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3. Making Well-Informed Decisions

a. Having access to real-time data and analytics provides management with the

knowledge they need to make educated decisions.

b. Strategic planning and adaptability to changing market conditions are facilitated by

enhanced insight into the manufacturing process, sales, and financial performance.

Risks:

1. Implementation Complexity:

a. ERP system implementation can be difficult and may interfere with ongoing

business operations. Workers require time to get used to new procedures and

systems.

b. Data integrity risks and issues might arise throughout the data migration process

from older systems to the ERP system

2. Ongoing Maintenance:

a. ERP systems can result in continuous operating costs because they need to be

updated, maintained, and even subject to further license payments.

b. To handle changing needs and maintain the ERP system current, the company must

make sure that the necessary support and training are provided.

Company Size: Small (10-49)

Business: A boutique online Clothing store.

ICT trend 1: Social Media Marketing

Social media sites are used for customer interaction and marketing. On social media sites

like Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter, the store regularly engages with consumers, runs deals, and

publishes content. (Benefit of Social Media Marketing - Social, 2022)

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Diagram:

Profile
Posting of Engaging with Advertising of
Optimization
Contents customer products
of Boutique

Measuring
performance

Figure 4: Social Media Marketing in Boutique

Benefits:

1. Economical Marketing:

a. When it comes to reaching a larger audience, social media marketing is more

affordable than traditional advertising techniques.

b. It makes it possible for the boutique to compete with bigger companies that have

more money for marketing.

2. Global reach:

a. Web-based social media platforms enable businesses to reach a worldwide audience,

extending their potential client base beyond local boundaries.

b. The boutique is able to interact with clients from various areas and cultural

backgrounds.

3. Client Interaction

a. The various social networking platforms facilitate direct communication with

consumers via postings, messages, and comments.

b. Participation develops a feeling of belonging and increases client loyalty.

Risks:
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1. Time-Consuming:

a. It can take a lot of work to manage social media accounts because they need to be

updated frequently and involve client engagement.

b. Managing social media could take up time that could be better used for other

business endeavors.

2. Image Control:

a. Negative reviews or remarks on social media may damage the boutique's reputation.

b. Maintaining a positive image and responding to customer issues require effective

reputation management.

ICT trend 2: SaaS Solutions

Explanation: Solutions for Software as a Service (SaaS) are used for a variety of purposes. These

might include e-commerce platforms, bookkeeping, and customer relationship management (CRM).

SaaS provides access to the cloud and does away with the requirement for on-premises applications.

Below diagram of SaaS Solution (Maguire, 2022) is as follow:

Mobile

App
Networks
Server

Database PCs

Codes
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Benefits:

1. Cost Reductions:

a. SaaS solutions save capital and maintenance costs by doing away with the

requirement for a large IT infrastructure.

b. Small businesses can stretch out the cost of software and services over time by

subscribing to them.

2. Scalability:

a. SaaS solutions don't require large capital expenditures in new infrastructure because

they can scale with the business, responding to shifting demands and workloads.

b. When needed, the boutique can simply add or delete services.

3. Availability:

a. Because cloud-based data and apps can be accessed from any location with an

internet connection, there is flexibility in the way and where business operations are

carried out.

b. Online sales and remote jobs are made possible by this flexibility.

Risks:

1. Data Protection:

a. Cloud data must be protected against potential data breaches and illegal access.

b. The boutique must put strong security measures in place and adhere to data privacy

laws.

2. Depending on third party:

a. If a SaaS provider encounters outages or other service disruptions, reliance on them

could result in service interruptions.

b. Backup plans must to be in place for the company to handle any unexpected outages.
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Conclusion

To conclude, this report discusses the technological trend used for varying size business. For

large business having 250+ employees, technology used can be cloud computing and AI. Similarly,

for medium size business, technology used could be automation and machinery. Lastly for small

scale business, SaaS and social media marketing could be used. The report outlooks the

explanation, benefits and risk of each technology. Moreover, for the textile company which is

medium size business, automation and robotics could result in efficient performance.
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Reference

1. Appinventiv. (June 20, 2023). Cloud Solutions for Logistics: How Cloud Computing is

Reshaping the Logistics Industry. Retrieved from https://appinventiv.com/blog/cloud-

solutions-for-logistics/

2. Akhtar WH, Watanabe C, Tou Y, Neittaanmäki P. A New Perspective on the Textile and

Apparel Industry in the Digital Transformation Era. Textiles. 2022; 2(4):633-656.

https://doi.org/10.3390/textiles2040037

3. ODSC. (2021, March 3). AI as the Ultimate Disrupter in Logistics: How to Manage Last

Mile Costs. Medium. Retrieved from https://odsc.medium.com/ai-as-the-ultimate-disrupter-

in-logistics-how-to-manage-last-mile-costs-c4874e8f2ea0

4. Maguire, J. (2022, June 15). What is Software as a Service SaaS Architecture? I

DevTeam.Space. DevTeam.Space. https://www.devteam.space/blog/saas-software-as-a-

service-platform-architecture/

5. Textile ERP. (n.d.). http://www.smartnenotech.com/texttile-erp

6. Benefit Of Social Media Marketing - Social Social Social. (2022, January 11). Social Social

Social. https://socialsocial.social/pin/benefit-of-social-media-marketing/