UNIT — 06 BD cor a spare MOTE a, aie yee Sg aan Vy 4%, = = af arp uirecl came em, cal eh res a cae ao of MWe device 7 pre nr source & dratn seth i fires Lae 6 day a Be o.os ain Under We yore. pe — vical Freres AEE ae oY deeb paaaeUNIT O66 © Gow A SPU mos FET Pp = 18-7 40 Np EOeV Y= BV af wy uiresl cmt 1.6m, Wolratic min wie th za of MWe clevice 2 : pre ne swurce B drat each biffures Lao etm, st dmsaye 0-054 wenales we gota <2) e ee = Serene. Weak! SrereeT I sotucotios oe© consider a swbmicrwn MMeTFeT > Nig = 18° [em? Beosim, 2= Ss. Cop = FES XACT Flern® Vp = os V Find the channel conduchance, fx Vatl¥ Nye Seen V5) MSTFET wo in Tok Hw > wht of F aD Ses > Nas-Yin yrewem) sala rim ae Tp = Hnbora (=) (Nos Nan) Nin Conclustance is the ~otin OF Umk g appos! eet Slsga a = a wr qe a * sinter ( c) Cee = ) c= Vis Xie see Hy = SOetmy/y.s Iv 5) uae Naa© per mes fet. with a dant candi: We claanrh One cov gay aes ROS we wa ys imo and yee ae 08 veces We is tart be \wShp eae prt bin cod f ped aloe boy ae Gr care wesbutndl by = Io ie = \s OD O Jere cunt vest by = \oex 18> ae A chaned (erp Qld alee ~reskue bs soe Felner yoaurn CS al 1o3 cS Ne ee VAS SS a = gooWR OF Nyt IV Hhesvold oalbege— 2 any Pe Sr WN oe eh = fo SOXIS® = Ky (Vr) a —® 96a Rios (72) —6oe Cave eet Cy a / il _etesteo ef feak (nm ar cota ng allowee| mee! meTFeET we Ses Fietol Im We exit hee tt saioe View Find the cererporadi vd ec chopi 4 co ete pt % We alvin neen ration ete (ol Crs? oe fran nt - poly slicon oe Find Ia Hrethatal voltage of fe abowe mor eeT width d= on™ ee Gs, — = O° at x108 Yin, Ree jo coe r= LMa Ky és= 2d¢ * Mons Noy OQ, = = Sim dn | en Nie Ses (Qear a.) @ ors N BaoNes e crt a Nie ite 2 es aes me channA Sy ee — i: ee Wwoork 9, 2 a, Gis) — &, cp dep: cated nee dom Ger a \ =® N 2 Ny = Que> eae Ny = to cr? esiem + ee Ge we ad Qe Ce BT paasxid'® LOX \o4 ie a= X10 Ge @y oe = 3 FrxidNy = (oe? cr? ofc (on Se = 5X10 ened ae ee - = @4 xe pee cy, askin a T = 3 rxiws q LOX 164= operation in Tock Sean No, < Na, Oat) oF Nee i elas Nx] and he ezustion of Crk i= yoo ky [eae Bighaye ST] Vo ook De Wick Zim x Ore Noy < Nase Mm \Wwdwe Powe at so a re S\N we a SE (Mee =) Nig pon eer ae) ay Aig = ie Nee eyMeo Vio bat elise ventas a \ ie Uy. sah. emorfet tn sot omen a eS Ri } ae — te Mo Con es (Nus- Vn) Wy = 0. EN Ny) =e V ie osmMe Ning = as Yel =? @ For a PNOTFET Witha qe Ox) Ao_ Of Yon § subs Frode derivy Lol? end Find subthreshold wolwy A= jonm = Lil & OO SKinny as a Jo X 107 YY, cose Ww = Bees a a ee to sales \ays i x)ee Cn <5 Z. 68F Xis% ae Bet (ete Con GD eA DRAM musk operate with min a week ARS ams > aye STONER copa bor in coh reo cop ue Soee z Dy aS (== rs ? Sao cle Los (ys BO Pose. % = 4 ACeS Fox DRAM Operate parunt Meat we neecl aA minimum of [n> elerkhan Ry mor Stryreye Capo TECay act a SHMMAOT Ue 6 Ye Waly suxfee an ont dea friiknes of Sn S$ 2 Fully cdnrorquoh oy, lok wequecd de mm dips OF A wel yr eek, esa | | ae Say, a 3s -AK8 8X1 & | a a ue So see | eC ee | cone Resco ae (es X0-5) + 4-(0-sad) Se ee OEE a ONY Cee Or (ss ae a es ee = 8x} Sane. = - G-V X10 (0.25424) o®Aa Led AND LATERT Eri cion spectra! a > Swnuked Es aan ~a =e eis 4 hy ie eae —~w ©urinal (hy)Bo ere hens a ies a gre wade six. oF am LED \e agnyurction, onder forward plas, mines y comers arc dy Wjetesl fore both | Ie A OG ee a POOR ao ee Base ies & © C) onder ee So cane iam electes \njerked besa ne dha ~etembe ahPr hele Inge Foen SS AQ aD Layer conraex dans¥es ancl Venerol i eR SCIONS dovble Wokerojurtion, Comms er om rok TrAl\nar , Inharny, aah PBnternal Cuntawy eff: - Dum of phebn emibted intermabhy ie a MOM FE cored exs eae Tuas ~ R NN oor ~ = or Ret Ryx Eee Xs Re FRay ore Tre radiative ancl ho rrr Nites reali sake ancl Te $ Try Poie associ abel eaiath £ Non roolabywe Weekes Px leer lenrh ingedins I rool} ahve Act Comoe rake Yn the paste of ke \urkien bs Yee by Ry = ReeMP == (2 Sa DH D>Np, Ree ec as 5 COMAex dems sre comb) nade cack OQ Rec = to! cw®) ¢ (dire bm Bec FoF Getic Cinsdive by? by “ {= jere) Ingerden , He vedtartee dike ha fer LO e ; vena Nee aresemncsinakion, teeth rs. & = on BS \ OE iG Rx Reha \ e = See a oURNE eS Captus Crass SONS extemod aun. eff. = a J, ev Arue Snes SRS SES \ ot To of commer PAST JN. os. = Dane 1, 8.) =Pee Vol. = fe op ital power Ve elerty cal power in no of phobn ami\tred, earernalyochy | = a ee Ne SS. a ee since Pi biar ix apy. caval ty (2 = AG ener yan, a (* ery), VE foo + Wek the power eC Ge XN - ae exlernal Qrantum eff. (rp = Nex) Luminour eff: - Se Jurawiews Puy cas NCA) fap 4 eee Se "as eheths coh powts Nos Jinn] mani amie hh 693 den|wD> wate SP EE a i ae ae wo a Lee pve rel Aifeliwe Aefireal as (eee x. & c an Res Poose Fer K Lase® PYS See, ewer dala oar Jw = ak (te Nie eee > Quantars wad laser > gunner wire and Quantum dat any© Solax cetly —————————— Bert = 1, - 1, exp (S ) | 1 WV *T FES shavace © shect ckt enol. occurr wlan Roo, wthat yi, SS Bs Short chy cunnd eo OPEN -ch cands R40 } MeO Is ren ¢g one ged. open-ckt Saisie Poe 1 tforSs| f ex| oped kT ana teae of a secon Pn juntks © cal. y sor cells. = a sai =s i is Yl Ma = om Ng = (8a DS eens Dp = locw/s ak as C= Sa eae SOC Jo eurret dens So = — ism A [erm yak the ene © Te ( EDN | ED Pho ) as?) saga la Le 3 en? Pn ie tana Lema cae dn ae Jag esos Sp (4) 020254 \yak Soox_ . convemon eff and solar concentration \= = Alvo in w) Sener Arvo 7, fio Tarn Dis cotled Fil) Fu Tse Noe oey—ro 8 Fill Fahy be pekeabrs oe. = e(Mwns He, ) Pale <2 +N o =e [ Yaloran) + Heltat sr)) a oe ee went st= S¥= SP sp= Gy ic P Ly yon wake ens?st Da: 2m Cap) (Ho * Hp) a sane (eg FES)E Die Saleae A = or AE T= Ch Te (Yat te) Oe ne is eleaton Af} vel. ne = es Hn e eleekon beans KX menunifs cro Aber phen Ef feeks sccm? POY Sttond ar 4 Tre no ef petonr abrrbel Pt fa of distance 2 fare We surfare can be powkken as oe «d,€ Ly imeidak proton flux (on™ et) wen erator, ako of e> helupair bn. of doe a = Cd) O04) [i RA) oO Rroukm of prehy | Nwrk vettukeZ nekewyamedion olay cel} %& feemed blo hoo seratcondisubhor csi di Of. bandgap SK es J pmorpheus dillon iar ces Qt cal. phrok conduct qin of a. peu, LS Voorn) ei tenpconey woinowly connie Uke Kre Tp = to Ssee ie See > electron Kime is determined at iL ‘See eg My & Un 480> ploteurrk = > re & = uu -3 R= 1 ews Getev(ewm Mn = ooo sy tw Iv-s Ap = foo Unty., w= eG, ey st) au = 3.6 T= 0c. ge eS t, = = as Bs Un & Ma rine) oxeiey (sn mre blac PHIM.. ev e. = COL, + eat Pn be Foal steak shake chncke play Ucrt damd te ie Nr is wo Ws eG&wsr eh bea ge. cols shiny -vhake hole ome density te merce Siar Prcdioks cons Tee wi Bll errand ein = (6iicmee bey milo ai ae De Sa cnt Vez ie Cm 5 = > Tre = Sx 5 ea. ‘ ve ow ?s* Terr. wiascal Lol. Nes svat, GQ = & 8 Vontny CoS y tpt = Teme 1S seem, Hones Aah = 10 Atry Niet e vein (a) 3 mMstp dt Ne Rev. bias PLA nameless Non fern Pwo abaorbhy“ cal. Pree uwrt olen by Fim plabeler of Hla tol cnet st 5 w= [atu ‘ Frew - ol ee Be saruecbin ae cet ehentren- Vale ear tl are Fok eka t oh Xe UN esse EGA Oy es ae Py a 28 oper Dy gl C. So (ahaa 4sHP Me op orvelenth GaAs .6, maberiay Meemese JOE o ale, frattion Connichey 41 Gate cmd thon Habre, Sl Gas has Yond TP & =Vereyv - 24 A= Fam (a1) = ora DOI VN NEG orvrcol SRE Whoa Vi wbr< Rae TEE desert og vishu ofp WI 4 = O-f say, ae re a = [-Im9 ew Ys arnalgais ener, welhal Greve Pm Yo ao wule Frawioy, ale a pprninchehy 04 =) By oa Me wee Freak es Qa Asoc, SY Se kp can they Frm (\Whroncsh Ye We veh Meros eee LED 4 RR REE ENE (e+ P| ze (é a : RS a ie % Og a nye Saas joint densi y oF shete aL Eee Reto) pee ane 4 gz dis. fle) = exp (-e pon tancous emmiston woke is z zeny) * Je-& xy (-& ec spectrurm of spontanesuremisimn har @ Bre cittal eneray ae Ey 2 Peak of Cy ther] eT trol £- powe widlh of 1-8k7 inks a speatthum width fn wow ic -=iee he RSe eS ~— nal auntum eff wnt _ ne of Phehnr emitted intenably eo mo of cammers paring Juncton e Re Nin Re LL gadiakive s nen radi ote Ts 3 tov > sad 4 non wed Jife Wree Ry = Ree VF = RPMS commer deny (sy econ bi Nake Coere Rec =e et (oie band fe @es Vat G@inlhr Cin dere want pup J eared Ory tev my 4 nee i rae Re RecN A nfried ny i Tnx = oy Ne a densy entekenel mum eff:- a, yarns of ange det p t,o haseence we) Samet a> e Wy = anv APower eff ga Soya Brig piwer oul Meme relestiea) Gow erin Nee ne of phon emitked externally shy ae ‘ IRV ae of Pholon emitted externally my ho of Camers asta WW Xaxv Wer Men Luminous eff 1 porary Ney of Lfh oukpuk is reared toy Whe ari nous us) 4 Luminous Flux = Le Jvc Pap (AAA — don Leis orst Velac 683 Lm/w, Nild) welative CYS sends vy P, power speetrum of wodiation output °F Flax in eff = Re cae poe cea fvld) Apld) dd VL: easls Are in LED Ee a > GaAs > INfwared CED Remote canker) > MAP > Rede Tren Sp Rees Reds yey, Sidr @untum ef f:- Remree ear yet of pheken efnibbed oh eo evan cineuee + in eae nye pest of emp - Sac Semp Ine ,ele- hele pate ccumbi nakion the non--~cadionve akon > SLED Yr Uscal by lew Power and low temp. Tarn p (8c) 58 > Radtateal power by planer LED! — aid sicalierck esis FF Pept Ce = Wie ae ) mes aN rie Jak nol G ex kernel Ls Qu. 2 t(. ete ( esry surface emidtec Led high ivmokae trobhbeine H= —t da Surface of eny LED :- stor pt ALARMS daub Pe ALAADS Wungn eT AL Kats Weat sine—Larer outline of TWSrlon, s Dern eat work! “Y oF layers ‘sh, SM malaher Av roPhi ony ~ SPon¥eneus Eenistien ™ S¥irlser AR Noss PESHORG A i ae ® : : secu 4 Sage Lee SH mulstes| APTPH 45 ext kerk st andl sh excibed shake By Csuniy eer) Spenlemnoms emisdsonStimwobe} emission tee ceur\) Ce) - Pree Exribeol shee Reiger nk SES en & oe ot aLny ain| [osy ] 3 & exp Pey-xye] Vad wn aN ipso) eespower efe of Ae lace ig eam hyn ag ea Ga) te (Yaa) is Reo ice : einen ar SE aE) as (E-Tryhon,, a (ez) ‘ lee 2aL dy ( exhey nol aw dur, ere Tirade) ACI] = | dn (Yay) asain tay Men = 1 ae .) RR,omtt ath —_—— lascy PLED Pb Oo spontancens ernyssien * ® the photon energy at peak of We TReetru and ® ye spectrury urdth (+ fe half - power wid th Emir? spectra a sporaners ee emission : € fee ans hexe Wee speetrurn of a emis - rien Ws Ce ee AS era oF emitted prion \s governed Noy Yn scleneartt RE Rice = + pea hy = (€ | a (6 =e) 2 ee Wee poe ' 4 ele, = = SS BO me we yoink density SRistatkes ws Ph an ) car mst€) = Bohr ds se eG Fle) = erP ( —OntT-12 laste FLED pr © Sponran cere erarssion ' @ the photon energy at He peek of Yee Speetrur and e @®rm spectrum width Coe te alt power width) yO speetra === ccs ee emission € we analyte hex te speetrunn of spontanteus Ew emission. meak th band edger Dyke eneryy Been re eyes A Sagar prs a RR AB ee hv = (G+ =) = | D442. *K hy = & + OS Vee 4 cone ee ag) ak x: my mh we yoink denaly ith wae: 3) n5le) = Gx) vee eae Boh dks pte) = exp (~ =)af Rha spon tancour emission wate is pre oe nay Me ob Ha prt of 13 7 tle=w) KJE-€ exp [- TH spectrum of spontancour emission hay a Hadeld eneray of & 1a pesk of (E f tnt) and © half -power o width OF 1eKT Franses ink @ spectrum width in oan vat de cle We ok Whe VsSble specu; This Bn re middle bee eS sp eekrurs wid Wis atmund isan, ¥ we reer) - 7 penddy oft og fee, B eee J @.2 speetrur width ak mers temip ———— -—1).8RTTe, = NS [ri setond — wadiekive Mk ene <3 mis we semi conduth doping in orm nonradiative Bike Gay = to aon a ey of LED Wei “y eu wl? cyt Bey axxo \ eae UT ee { ( ‘ne [01 \ aonawt ( f= a 20 ea ) an (1s) Se eget se Ses TS OM fan | ae @ _& Gans sample ts CReeanEb ew) ose hv -€& ot 4-47 ———— ns). 4 4 y nw Sos Ow Tnhahsf Mauamiares* lascuy or: coaseling oF 134m has county Jang Borden, wet (ndea 3.34 @ what is The miervy Boats |x presse incom? [oss DQ CAP Herne ke—S eeu —obbei wed | alow —OMn2. WAY AA Currechd = Wroetim 3°0" Ve = Soo Uy He eo SREP ce. ~eflechvily R= Vox = . Ca io*™em7 gone doan[k) + \ 1 oes Ve as Be tee) | | Sm tS Fae gegen | Ll WMCn41ye© ee 5 nf / * Inemad fachy cabe apprrl = a y T= 1 - expl(- cond) > Habre LL, cufFof ~Frackive Indkeg i> Sxin ce! 6 oi Sse aN — 516 ec xe Find nw ont nook Foul ee ssin®, = HLA, Fr 8c = cea ou \p eee tO ray sine — 7 A n,= 3.6% snes” On - MI N\-n, = 6-SFHcon f{nenst fe % col Prershol waren ere mM onyrr weflakhet& jr O°) A condty eoradty \S SUM , lose Per anit length Peco, sat Cau =o) cms? At pir fairy = (8 [naie)” _ “apis 2 te ee ty = RRO Kio ee Joo X(oryyt Sy 4 = Nd} of) ® seprekinn oA Ne ormUNLT-13 Plas by detect + 3 wlar celle © quantum eff of a pholtvdetetor jg ab coon lot, eeelatec} fo THe aesporsyi y R vas dja) by Pee R= SE quantum eff. defined as He num of Cand evs pre duren| pe preby - aa | Rape dis phen Fur = fore > oP Saas hy Provo fa sem mmc is The ~espensvi y QR eG pee ee ape ND A Lamy Pp. c LN Vea Wee ophcal power ay He Wh eamBeer owe tm 4 Date ii abaxre*” of the Wi Inc Mee cumst Py 383 aa. & orton jov applied across dhe device yi ccadit on |S cutoff We cunt falks, inikally As coxt ane nim -4 Wi Repu 300° 5 yoo cmly-F € f hse par yrercelef ox an oe OL eae See Gees ae SS _arae Du 2(Anr Hp FA Pe ERIS on @ mineshy ~ Cat er LiFe ne aS a.93 x03 23-6 © alee on(+) = anepw bo Conduct ain an Ine x external quanturo em oF 5 ia mud he 2 cme ey (1— Sere t)* mee oy Coe ans reflerkt Ce secret he per Fes ravens R=) fire KR=19R&T =O rou ding n, - C \4 obi