clu|d x]/rfx of]hgf :jf:Yo k'l:tsf

（Revision date: 31.10.2022）

Table of content
k|:tfjgf ................................................................................................................... 2

cWofo PsM cu|ufdLlu|d x]/rfx of]hgfaf/] a'emfO‰b}.................................................................. 3

cu|ufdLlu|d x]/rfx of]hgf s] xf]< ............................................................................................... 3
Pl; kL k|f/De ug]{ af/] dGygx?ljrf/x¿ ........................................................................................ 4

cWofo b'OM Pl; kL k|f/De ub}{ubf{ ........................................................................................ 6

r/0f !M hLjgsf] cGTosf] pkrf/ / x]/rfxdf k|fyldstfx¿ :ki6 ug{'xf]; \ .................................................. 7
pks/0f !M hLjg–:yfoLcfhLjg pkrf/ k|of]u ubf{b}{M tkfO{+sf] k|fyldstf / 5gf}6x¿ ................................. 14
Rgsf] nflu df}sf............................................... 16
pks/0f @M hLjg–:yfoLcfhLjg pkrf/ k|of]u ubf{ }{M afF
r/0f @M :jf:Yo x]/rfx Ph]G6 5fGg'xf]; \ ....................................................................................... 17
pks/0f #M æ:jf:Yo x]/rfx Ph]G6æ s; /L 5gf}6 ug]{< ...................................................................... 17
r/0f #M cfˆgf] kl/jf/; u
F cfˆgf] k|fyldstf 5nkmn ug{'xf]; \................................................................ 20
r/0f $M clu|d lgb]{zgx¿ agfpg'xf]; \......................................................................................... 22
clu|d lgb]{zg -P8L_ s] xf]< ..................................................................................................... 22
clu|d lgb]{zg s; /L vf/]h ug]{< ............................................................................................... 24
r/0f %M hLjgsf] cGTosf] nflu of]hgf agfpg'xf]; \ .......................................................................... 25
pks/0f $M d]/f] clGtd OR5f .................................................................................................. 25
pks/0f %M d]/f] clGtd lbgx¿ ................................................................................................ 27
pks/0f ^M d[To' kl5 Joj:yf................................................................................................... 29
Ps OR5f agfpg'xf]; \.................................................................................................. 31
cfˆgf] k|]d cGo dflg; x¿nfO{ lbg'xf]; M c+u bfg ............................................................................. 34
pks/0f &M c+u bfgsf nflu k|fyldstfx¿ .................................................................................. 36
pks/0f *M zj k/LIf0fsf] nflu k|fyldstf .................................................................................. 37
pks/0f (M z/L/ bfg............................................................................................................ 37
r/0f ^M lgoldt ; dLIff / cBfjlwsx¿ ...................................................................................... 38

kl/lzi6x¿ .............................................................................................................. 39
 k|:tfjgf

d'2f
d[To' lgif]w; DaGwL ljleGg Jojwfgx? h:t} d[To' ; DaGwL s'/f ug{ lgif]w / cGo wfld{s
cEof; x?sf≤ / wfld{s k|rngx¿ h:tf ; f+:s[ltscj/f]wx¿sf sf/0f, xªsªsf hftLo
cNk; V+ os ; d"xx¿n] lj/n} ljz]if pkzfds KoflnPl6ex]/rfx k|fKt u5{g\ jf clu|d lgb]{zgx¿ -P8L_
5nkmn ug]{ df}sf kfpF 5g\ . KoflnPl6e x]/rfxsf] p2]Zo kL8f sd ug]{ / dg]{ la/fdLx¿ / ltgLx¿sf
kl/jf/x¿sf] hLjgsf] u'0f:t/ a9fpg] xfeg]] xf] hals P8L n] eg]sf] lj/fdLx? cfkm}+n] lg0f{o
ug{ g; Sg] cj:yfdf xF '+bf kl/jf/sf ; b:ox¿ / :jf:Yo ; ]jfsdL{ k]z]j/x¿nfO{ la/fdLx¿sf]
nflu ; d"lrt lg0f{ox¿ ug{ d2t ug]{ sfuhftnfO{ a'emfpF 5 ha pgLx¿n] cfkm}n + ] lg0f{o ug{ ; Sb}gg\ .
KoflnPl6e x]/rfxsf] af/]df hfgsf/Lsf] sdL jf la/fdL / :jf:YosdL{ k]z]j/x¿ aLrsf]
ckof{Kt ; ~rf/; Djfbn] la/fdLx¿nfO{ cgfjZos jf dxF uf] lrlsT; f ; ]jf lng pBt x:tIf]kx¿ k|fKt
ug{ ; S5 .

; dfwfg
pkzfds KoflnPl6ex]/rfx ; ]jfx¿df c; dfgtfx¿ sd ug{, g]b/; f]n :s"n ckm gl; {ª,
l; o"Prs]n] :yfgLo blIf0f Pl; ofnL hftLo cNk; +Vos ; xfotf s]G›x¿ / xªsª g]kfnL dxf; +3; u
F
ldn]/ blIf0f Pl; ofnL hftLo cNk; +Vos ; d"xx¿df k|zfdsKoflnPl6e x]/rfxsf kmfObfx¿ / clu|d
lgb]{zgx¿ dfkm{t hfu¿stf a9fpg]5 ., ultljlwx¿sf] ; "rL,. efiff–; +j]bgzLn ljlzi6 :jf:Yo
k'l:tsfx¿, ; fd'bflos /f]8 zf]x¿, / :jf:Yo jftf{x¿ blIf0f Pl; ofnL hftLo
cNk; +Vos ; d"xx¿nfO{ k|bfg ul/g]5.

k|efa
xªsªsf hftLo cNk; +Vos ; d"xx¿nfO{ pkzfds KoflnPl6ex]/rfx / P8Lx¿sf] af/]df lzlIft
ul/g]5, h; n] ubf{ pgLx¿n] pkzfds KoflnPl6e x]/rfx / P8Lx¿k|lt ; sf/fTds dgf]j[lQ; f]+r
ljsf; ug]{5Gf\ h; cg'; f/ gLltlgdf{tfx¿n] o; cWoognfO{ hftLocNk; +Vos ; d"xx¿sf] ; f+:s[lts
cfjZostfx¿df Wofg s]lG›t u/L pkzfds KoflnPl6e x]/rfx / P8L ; DaGwL gLlt lgdf{0fx¿sf]
ljsf; sf] nflu cfwf/lznfsf] ¿kdf kfpg lng ; S5Gf\ . To; } u/L :jf:Yo ; ]jf k|bfosx¿n] ; +rfng
u/]sf n] j]a; fO6x¿ dfkm{t ; f+:s[lts / efiff–cg'sn
" lnt :jf:Yo k'l:tsfsf] O{–; +:s/0f
dfkm{t ; j{; fwf/0fn]df kx'r
F k|fKt ug{ ; S5g\ .

2
cWofo PsM clu|d x]/rfx of]hgfsf] a'emfO a'‰b}

clu|dP8efG; s]o/ Knflg+u -Pl; kL_x]/rfx of]hgf s] xf]<

P8efG; s]o/ Knflgª -Pl; kL_ n] cem} klg dfgl; s ¿kdf ; Ifd la/fdLx¿nfO{ pgLx¿sf]
d"NodfGotfdf cfwfl/t hLjg–cGtsf] x]/rfxdf cfˆgf] k|fyldstfx¿ JoQm ug{ / :jf:Yo ; ]jf
sdL{k]z]j/x¿ / ltgLx¿sf kl/jf/x¿; u F ; ~rf/sf] lg/Gt/ ; Djfb k|lqmofåf/f ; xdltdf k'Ugsf]
nflu cfˆgf] k|fyldstfx¿ 5nkmn ug{ ; Ifd agfpF 5. ACP P; LkL :j}lR5s xf],
o; dfJolQmut :jfoQtfsf] ; Ddfg ug]{ l; 4fGtsf] ; fy, la/fdLx¿sf] OR5fnfO{ s'g} klg
kl/l:yltdf ; Ddfg / kfngf ug]{ ; lsG5 eGg] ; 'lglZrttf x'G5 ug{ .

Pl; kL sf] bfo/f Formatted: Font: Bold

• la/fdLsf] rfxgf
• p; sf] / pgLsf] :jf:Yo l:ylt / /f]usf] cg'dflgt k|ult af/] a'emfOa'‰b}}
• hLjgsf] clGtd pkrf/ lj1fkg / x]/rfxsfdf k|fyldstfx? / clu|d lrlsT; f lgb]{zgx?
af/]sf] lgwf{/0f 0f{o ug{'xf]; \
• d[To' kl5sf] Joj:yfJoj:yfkg
• Pl; kL k|f/De ug]{ af/] ; f]rljrf/x¿ Formatted: List Paragraph, Bulleted + Level:
1 + Aligned at: 0.25" + Indent at: 0.5"
• Formatted: Indent: Left: 0.5", No bullets or
numbering

3
Pl; kL k|f/De ug]{ af/] ljrf/x¿

Pl; kL lsg ug]{ <

d[To' ; a}sf] hLjgdf ckl/xfo{ 5 . lrlsT; f k|ljlwsf] ljsf; n]sf] ¿kdf, dflg; x¿sf] cfo'
nDafpg ; S5 nfdf] x'G5, / ltgLx¿sf] d[To' k|lqmof klg nfdf] x'g ; SG5 . xfdL ; fdfGotof xfd|f]
hLjgsf] nflu ljleGg r/0fx¿df of]hgf / tof/L u5f}{+ . o; y{, of] xfd|f] hLjgsf] cGTosf] /fd|f]; u
F
of]hgf agfpg klg plQs} dxQ\jk"0f{ 5 . Pl; kLsf] p2]Zo s]jn hLjgsf] clGtd x]/rfx / yk
k"0f{ hLjgsf] /fd|f] u'0f:t/ ; 'lglZrt ug{' xf] .

s; nfO{ Pl; kL rflxG5<

; a}hgfn] Pl; kL ; ~rfng ug{ ; S5g\, k|bfg u/L ls pgL÷p!* jif{ jf ; f]eGbf dfly pd]/sf /
dfgl; s ?kdf tGb'?:t hf] sf]xL klg Pl; kL ; ~rfng ug{ ; S5g\sf] / dfgl; s ¿kdf ; Ifd 5g\.
xfdL ljz]if u/L cfˆgf] hLjgsf] cGTolt/ glhs /x]sf, l43 bL3{ /f]uaf6 kLl8t, jf pRr hf]lvdo'Qm
k]zf÷ultljlwx¿df ; +nUg JolQmx¿n]nfO{Pl; kL ; '? ug{ ; Sg] xfdL ; 'emfj lbG5f}+. olb la/fdLx¿ ca
lg0f{o lng jf k|fyldstfx¿ JoQm ug{ dfgl; s ¿kdf ; Ifd 5}gg\ eg], ltgLx¿sf] kl/jf/
jf :jf:Yo ; ]jf k]z]j/x¿n] cem} klg la/fdLx¿sf] OR5f adf]lhd ; a}eGbf pko'Qm x]/rfx k|bfg
ug]{ la/fdLx¿sf] OR5fnfO{ pkfo k5\ofpg ; S5g\.

Pl; kL ; ?' ug{sf] nflu pQd ; do s] xf]<

Pl; kL :j}lR5s–cfwf/df ; ~rfng ul/G5, h'g s]jn uDeL/ la/fdL la/fdLx¿df dfq ; Lldt
5}g . ; a}n] Pl; kL k|f/De ug]{ ljrf/ ug{ ; S5g\ / plrt ; +zf]wg ug{ lgoldt ¿kdf ; dLIff u/L Formatted: Underline

km]/abn ug{ ug{ ; S5g\ . xfdL ljz]if u/L lgDg cj:yf x'F bf P; LkL ; ~rfng
ug]{g{ dflg; x¿nfO{ ; 'emfj lbG5f}+,
• ha hLjgdf dxQT\jk"0f{ kl/jt{gx¿ x'G5g\, h:t} hLjg; fyL u'dfpg' jf cfkmGtx¿sf]
d[To 'x'G5,
• bLl43{/f]ux? h:t} l43 SofG; / jf cGo k'/fgf] /f]ux¿, h:t} d[uf}nf, sn]hf],jf Åf6 d'6'n] sfd
ug{ 5f8]sf] cj:yfsf dflg; x?km]n/; \af6 u|l; tx?
• /f]ux? ulDe/ xF
'b} uPsf] cj:yfdf /x]sfx?df
• k6s k6s c:ktfn egf{ x'g' kg]{ AolStx?

4
Pl; kL ; '? ubf{ ljrf/ ug{'kg]{ s'/fx¿
 :jf:Yo l:ylt  ; fF +:s[lts k[i7e"ld  cGt/JolQmut ; DaGw
 hLjgsf nIox¿  wfld{s ljZjf; x¿  d"NodfGotf / ljZjf; x¿

Formatted: Font: Bold

s]; :68L !M tfdfª, ljsf; , &# jif{, ljwjf, Ps 5f]/f / Ps 5f]/L 5g\ Formatted: Font: Bold

* dlxgf cl3 uDeL/ dl:tis3ft ePkl5 pgL gl; {ª xf]ddf 5g\ . pgLm kIff3ft ePsf] 5 / cfˆgf]
x]/rfx ug{ jf c¿; F u s'/fsfgL ug{ c; dy{ 5/x]sf] cj:yfdf 5g\ . pgsf] ; fdfGo cj:yfdf
kmls{g] ; Defjgf lgs} sd /x]sf] lrlsT; sx?n] atfPsf 5g\ . cem g/fd|fb'v nfUbf] s'/f s] xf] eg],
pg; nfO{ ev{/} lgdf]lgof ePsf] 5 / pg; n] g; fdf PlG6afof]l6s lng c:ktfn guPdf k/nf]s
x'g] ; Defjgf klg 5 . ; Dd dg]{5. t/ p; gn] lgdf]lgofaf6 lgsf] eP/ klg nfdf] ; do; Dd ; f;
km]g]{ d]l; gdf e/ kg{' kg]{ x'g ; S5 . t/, pgsf kl/jf/sf ; b:ox?sf] eg] km/s km/s dt 5 .

5f]/fM afaf ; lhn} xf/ dfGg] dfG5] lyPgg\, clnslt cfzf eP klg clGtd; Dd n8\g rfxfg'x'G5 .]

5f]/LM afafnfO{ OHhtn] dg{ dg nfU5, o; /L afF

Rg kbf{ kfpF
bf kL8f / 8/ nfU5 .

sNkgf ug{'xf]; \ olb tkfO{+ >Ldfg tfdfª x'g'x'GYof] eg], hLjgsf] clGtd x]/rfxsf] af/]df tkfO{+sf]
wf/0ff s] x'g] lyof]<

æd]/f] hLjg hlt ; Sbf] nfdf] x'g'k5{, rfx] o; sf] u'0f:t/ h:tf]; 's} xf]; \, / ; Dej eP; Dd s'g} klg
dfWod k|of]u u/]/ xf]; \/.æ

ædnfO{ ljZjf; 5 ls dnfO{ hLljt /fVg ToxfF

s]lx kl/l:yltx¿ 5g\ h; df d pkrf/ ug{ rfxGg .

æd]/f] gfdaf6 ul/g] ; a} lrlsT; sLo lg0f{ox¿d rfxG5' ls d]/f] wfld{s lzIffx¿ cg'¿k 5g\
eg]/ ; 'lglZrt ug{sf nflu d]/f wfld{s ; Nnfxsf/x¿; Fu
+ d]/f] tkm{af6 ul/Psf ; a} lrlsT; f
lg0f{ox¿sf] af/]df k/fdz{ ug{lng rfxG5' .

ækl/jf/n] d]/f] nflu ; f]r]sf pQd pkfox? ePdf d]/f] JolQmut rfxgfx¿ Tolt dxQ\jk"0f{ x'g]5}gg\
hlt kl/jf/n] d]/f] nflu s] pQd 5”

5
b'ef{Uojz, >L tfdfªn] d[To'sf] af/]df cfˆgf] ljrf/sf] af/]df cfˆgf] kl/jf/; F u slxNo} s'/f u/]gg\
tfls h; sf sf/0f :jf:Yo k]z]j/x¿n] pgsf] hLjgsf] cGTolt/sf] x]/rfxdf cfˆgfpgsf]] k|fyldstf
yfxf kfpg ; s]gg\ . cGtdf, pxfgsf] lgdf]lgofsf] pkrf/ ul/of], t/ pgxfn] s'/fsfgL ug{ jf cfˆgf]
x]/rfx ug]{ IfdtfnfO{ k'gM k|fKt ug{gu/L; Sbf; Dd csf]{ jif{ gl; {+u xf]ddf a:g'k¥of] .

o; syfn] cfˆgf] kl/jf/; F

u cfˆgf OR5fx¿ 5nkmn ug{ / P8\efG; \ x]/rfx of]hgf agfpg' lsg
dxTQ\jk"0f{ 5 eg]/ b]vfpF
5.

cWofo b'O{M Pl; kL k|f/De ub}{

Pl; kL k|lqmof ; dfj]z5^ r/0fx¿df ; dflji6Pl; kL k|lqmof

r/0f !M hLjgsf] cGTolt/sf] pkrf/ / x]/rfxdf k|fyldstfx¿ :ki6 ug{'xf]; \

r/0f @M æ:jf:Yo x]/rfx Ph]G6æ 5fGg'xf]; \

r/0f #M cfˆgf] kl/jf/; F

u cfˆgf] k|fyldstf 5nkmn ug{'xf]; \

r/0f $Mclu|d lrlsT; f lgb]{zgx¿ agfpg'xf]; \

r/0f %M hLjgsf] cGTosf] nflu of]hgf agfpg'xf]; \

r/0f ^M lgoldt ; dLIff / cBfjlws ug'{xf]; \

6
r/0f !M hLjgsf] cGTolt/sf] pkrf/ / x]/rfxdf k|fyldstfx¿ :ki6 ug{'xf]; \

tL JolQmx¿ hf] Pl; kL ; '? ug{ OR5'sJolQmx¿ 5g\, tkfO{+n] hLjgsf] cGTolt/ ul/g] pkrf/
of]hgfsf kmfObf jf j]kmfObfx? af/] :ki6 x'g ; a}eGbf klxn] cfˆgf] :jf:Yo l:yltnfO{sf] af/]df cfˆgf]
8fS6/x¿; F u k/fdz{ ug{'k5{ .,tkfO{+df pkrf/ of]hgfsf] kmfObf / a]kmfObfsf] Gofo ug{, pkrf/
of]hgfsf] af/]df lg0f{o tkfO{+ cfkm}+, tkfO{+sf] kl/jf/ / :jf:YosdL{x¿ aLrsf] ; xdltsf] dfWodaf6
g} pkrf/ of]hgf af/] lg0f{ogdf{0fug]{ k|lqmofaf6 x'g'k5{ . :jf:YosdL{x¿n] tkfO{+sf k|fy{ldstfx?, ]
d"NodfGotfx? / k|fyldstfx¿ / tkfO{+sf] kl/jf/sf] ljrf/x¿nfO{ cfwf/ dfGg]
5g\ .tkfO{+sf] ; jf]{Qd ?lrdf cfwfl/t x'g]5g\.

tkfO{+÷tkfO{+sf] kl/jf/n] lgDgfg'; f/ cfˆgf] 8fS6/÷lrlsT; sx¿; F

u k/fdz{ ug{ ; Sg'x'G5,

• tkfO{+sf] jt{dfg :jf:Yo l:ylt

• /f]usf] k|ultsf] d"NofÍg
• l/se/Lsf] nflulgsf] x'g] cj; /
• pkrf/sf] ljsNk
• :jf:Yo÷hLjgsf] u'0f:t/df ljleGg pkrf/ ljsNkx¿sf] k|efj

7
æhLjg lbuf] pkrf/æ -PnP; 6L_ k|of]u ub}{
lrlsT; f k|ljlwsf] ljsf; n]sf] ¿kdf, w]/} k|sf/sf pkrf/ dfWodx? dfkm{t x¿n] /f]ux¿nfO{ pN6fpg
jf ; 'wf/ ug{ g; lsg] cj:yfdf klg /f]uLx¿nfO{ pgLx¿sf] hLjgnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg d2t
ug{ ; S5 .PnP; 6L eGgfn] sfl8{of]kNdf]g/L l/; 'l; 6]zg -l; lkcf/_, s[lqd e]lG6n]; g, /ut pTkfbgx¿,
k]; d]s/ / ef; f]k|]; /x¿, s]df]y]/fkL, PlG6afof]l6s, s[lqd kf]if0f, / xfO8«]; g -gf; f]ufl:6«s 6\o"a_ ; lxt
la/fdLnfO{sf] afF Rg nfdf] ; do; Dd af+Rg lbg ; Sg] s'g} klg pkrf/nfO{ hgfpF 5.

s'g cj:yfdf -PnP; 6L_ k|of]u ug{ cg'ko'Qm 5 .

c:ktfn k|flws/0fsf] lgb]{lzsf cg'; f/ lgDg cj:yfdf hLjg l6sfpg] pkrf/ /f]Sg jf lkmtf{ lng'g
g}lts / sfg'gL ¿kdf cg'dlt 5 .

s_ Ps la/fdL hf] dfgl; s ¿kdf lg0f{o ug{ ; Ifd 5 / hLjg–:yfoL pkrf/sf] :jLsf/ ug]{/÷jf
c:jLsf/ ug]{ clwsf/ af/] /fd|/L ; "lrt 5 .
v_ -PnP; 6L_Joy{ x'G5
(; |f]tM HA Guideline on Life–sustaining Treatment in the Terminally ill -2002)) Formatted: Font: 12 pt, Complex Script Font:
12 pt

hLjg–lbuf] pkrf/ ljj/0f ; Defljt ; fO8 Okm]S6 kl/0ffd

sfl8{of]kNdf]g/L w]/} cfktsflng cj:yf cfGtl/s c+u / l/as/+u efF lrP/Psf] Iflt,
l/; 'l; 6]zg -l; lkcf/_ h:t}h:t} Åbo3ft jf 8'Ag] / /f]uL sf] nfuL k|lts"n lSnlgsn
glhs, h; df s; }sf] ; f; kl/0ffdx? h:t} xfOkf]lS; s dl:tis Iflt
km]g{ jf d'6'sf] w8\sg /f]lsPsf] jf zf/Ll/s czQmtf a9\g] .9]sf]1.
h:tf cj:yfdfhLjg arfpg]
k|ljlw h'g w]/} cfktsflng
cj:yfdf pkof]uL x'G5, h:t}

1
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation. General Medical Council.
https://www.gmc-uk.org/ethical-guidance/ethical-guidance-for-doctors/treatment-and-care-towards-the-end-of-life/
cardiopulmonary-resuscitation-cpr

8
 Åbo3ft jf 8'Ag] glhs, h; df
s; }sf] ; f; km]g{ jf d'6'sf]
w8\sg /f]lsPsf] 5 .
s[lqd Ps d]l; g xf] h; n] uDeL/ sfl8{os cfp6k'6df sdL, cgk]lIft
j]+l6n]zgZjf; k|Zjf; /f]usf] sf/0fn] lj/fdLn] Zjf; Zjf; k|Zjf; sf] cNsf]nf]l; ; , OG6«fqm}lgon
d]l; g km]g{ ; Sb}gg\, k|]; / a9]sf]\of], Uofl:6«s km}nfj6, / x]kfl6s
To:Tf] ; dodfla/fdLnfO{ ; f; / d[uf}nfsf] sfo{ Ifdtfdf X|f; . sf]
km]g{ d2t ub{5 -e]lG6n]6_ ha sdhf]/L. 2
pgLx¿n] uDeL/ /f]usf] sf/0fn]
cfˆg} ; f; km]g{ ; Sb}gg\.
la/fdLnfO{ e]lG6n]6/df vf]qmf]
6\o"a -s[lqd jfo'dfu{_ åf/f
hf]l8Psf] 5 h'g ltgLx¿sf]
d'vdf / tn ltgLx¿sf] d'Vo
Zjf; gnL jf Zjf; gnLdf
hfG5 .
/QmIf]k0f zNolqmof jf rf]6sf] sf/0f xNsf hl6ntfx¿,
x/fPsf]Iflt ePsf] /ut PnhL{ k|ltlqmofx¿ ; lxt, h; n] lkQ /
k|lt:yfkg ug{ d2t ub{5 . v'hnL,5fnf lrnfpg] / Hj/f]
ug{'xf]; \. lgDTofpg ; S5. 3
s[lqd kf]if0f / xfO8«]; g Ps lrlsT; f pkrf/ h; n] Uofluª, 6\o"a hl6ntfx¿ -h:t}, cj/f]w
-PgPr_ d'vaf6 vfgf lng c; Ifd jf ; +qmd0f_, c; l' jwf, cfsf+Iff lgdf]lgof,
h:t} gfs -PghL_ jf k]6 ePsf dflg; x?nfO{leqL y]/fkL bafa 3fp, km'Ng] / æ8'Ag'æ jf ækmF l; Psf]
4
-kLO{hL_ lkml8ª 6\o"a jf / gf; f]Uofl:6«s 6\o"a ; d]t u/L dx; '; æ ug]{.”
xfO8«]; gkfgLsf] nflu Ps JolQmnfO{ kf]if0f -vfgf_ /
cfOeL t/n kbfy{ xfO8«]; g -t/n kbfy{_ k|fKt
ug{ cg'dlt dBtlbG5 ha
pgLx¿n] ltgLx¿nfO{ d'vaf6
lng ; Ifd x'F b}gg\, leqL y]/fkL /
gf; f]Uofl:6«s 6\o"a ; lxt.

2
Complications associated with mechanical ventilation. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2199002/
3
Blood transfusion. Mayo Clinic.
https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/blood-transfusion/about/pac-20385168
4
What to Do When a Hospice Patient Stops Eating or Drinking.
https://www.vitas.com/family-and-caregiver-support/what-to-expect-from-hospice/when-a-hospice-pati
ent-stops-eating-or-drinking

9
s[lqd kf]if0f / xfO8«]zgsf] af/]df ; fdfGo ldysx¿5

ldys !M lgh{nLs/0f / ef]sd/Ln] w]/} kL8fbfoL / clk|o d[To' lgDTofpF5.

; ToM hals lgh{nLs/0f / ef]sd/L sf] sf/0fn]cGoyf :j:y JolQmx¿sf] nflu dg{sf] nflu bb{gfs
tl/sf x'g ; S5, cWoogx¿n] b]vfPsf] 5 ls kf]if0f / xfO8«]zg lkmtf{ lnF
bf 3fts la/fdL /f]usf
la/fdLx¿n] kLl8t x'bF
}gg\ .

ldys @Mlgh{lnt la/fdLx¿nfO{ ltvf{ nfU5 .

5
Myths and Truths About Artificial Hydration and Nutrition.
https://www.njtrec.org/myths-and-truths-about-artificial-hydration-and-nutrition/

10
; ToM cWoogx¿n] k|dfl0ft u/]sf] 5 ls lgh{lnt la/fdLx¿n] ltvf{ dx; '; ub}{gg\ . ha; Dd la/fdLsf]
d'v cf]l; nf] /flvG5, p; nfO{ ltvf{ jf c; xh dx; '; x'F
b}g.

ldys #M xfdLn] cfˆgf] lk|ohgnfO{ v'jfpg jf kfgL÷t/n kbfy{ k|:tfj gug]{ k|of; u/]gf}+ eg] xfdLn]
Tofu ul//x]sf x'G5f}+ .
; ToM hLjgsf] cGTo glhs}, vfgf / k]osf] Go"gtd dfqf cfjZos x'g ; S5 lsgeg] z/L/n] la:tf/}
vfgf / t/n kbfy{x¿ krfpg / k|zf]wg ug]{ Ifdtf u'dfpF5 . slxn]sfxLF
s[lqd kf]if0f jf xfO8«]; gn]
d[To'sf] k|lqmofnfO{ hl6n agfpg ; S5 / cGo :jf:Yo ; d:ofx¿ lgDTofpg ; S5 .

ldys $M xfd|f] lk|ohgsf] afF

Rg] df}sf kfgL jf vfgf lagf clGtd ; dosf] x]/rfxdf k|efljt x'g]5 .

; ToM cWoogx¿n] b]vfPsf] 5 ls s[lqd kf]if0fn] c:ktfnsf la/fdLx¿sf] nflu afF Rgsf] nflu w]/} sd
k|efj kf/]sf] 5 . pbfx/0fsf nflu, cWoogx¿n] b]vfpF b5 ls l8d]lG; of /f]uLx¿ h; n]
nfO{ 6\o"a–v'jfOPsf] 5g\ ltgLx¿sf] cfo' ; ':t xftn] v'jfpg]x¿s]f eGbf km/s 5}g .

s]; :68L @M sf}/, u'/lht, @* jif{, Psn, vfgf ljt/0f rfns

u'/lhtnfO{ df]6/; fOsn r9\g] qmddf sf/n] 7Ss/ lbPsf] lyof] . pgnfO{ c:ktfn nluPsf] lyof] hxfF
pgL sf]dfdf uPsf lyP . pgL p7]gg\ / dflg; x¿n] pgL; F u s'/f ubf{ k|ltlqmof lbg ; s]gg\ .
pgnfO{ ; f; km]g]{ d]l; g / lkml8ª 6\o"adf /flvof] .

pgsf cfdfafa'nfO{ hLjg–:yfoL pkrf/ hf/L /fVg] ls gug]{ lg0f{o ug{ elgof] . u'/lht sf]dfaf6
Ao"F
emg Ps ; ftf jf Ps jif{ nfUg] pgsf] lrlsT; sn] atfPsf 5g\ . u'/lht hlt nfdf] ; do sf]dfdf
11
/xGy], pgL p7\g] ; Defjgf Tolt g} sd lyof] . olb pgL sf]dfaf6 aflx/ cfP klg, pgsf] dl:tisdf
Iflt k'Ug ; S5 / cfˆgf] x]/rfx ug]{ Ifdtf u'dfpg]5g\.

u'/lhtn] b'3{6gfdf kg{' cl3 hLjgsf] clGtd x]/rfxdf cfˆgf] k|fyldstf slxNo} JoQm u/]sf lyPgg\ .
olb tkfO{+ u'/lht x'g'x'GYof] eg], s] tkfO{+n] hLjg lbuf] pkrf/ kfpg'x'g]5 x'GYo]f <

s]; :68L #M vfg OqmL, ^( jif{, ljwjf

OqmLnfO{ rf/ jif{cl3 l8d]lG; of ePsf] kQf nfu]sf] lyof] . ; do laTb} hfFbf pgn] :ki6 ?kdf ; f]Rg]
/ lg0f{o ug]{ Ifdtf u'dfpF
b} uPsL l5g\ . clxn] pgnfO{ cfkm" sxfF5' eGg] ofb 5}g / pgL lbgx'F e]6\g]
cfˆgL 5f]/LnfO{ lrGg ; lSbgg\ . ljut * dlxgfb]lv pgL g'xfpg / vfgf vfg v'jfpg k"0f{ ¿kdf g; {df
lge{/ l5g\ . kl5Nnf] ; do pgn] vfg 5f8]sL l5g\ . pgsL 5f]/Ln] cfdfsf] k]6df zNolqmof u/]/
nfdf] ; do; Dd lkml8ª 6\o'a xfNg] ls glbg] lg0f{o ug{'k5{ . olb tkfO{+ OqmL x'gx' 'GYof] eg], ToxfF
b'O{ ljsNkx¿ lyP, tkfO{+ s'g /f]Hg'x'G5<

ljsNk !M lkml8ª 6\o"a /fVg ; xdt x'g'xf]; \, / pxL jf v/fa cj:yfdf w]/} jif{ afF
Rg ; S5 ; lsG5 .
ljsNk @M lkml8ª 6\o"a /fVg c; xdt x'g'xf]; \ / nueu @ xKtf jf sddf dg{dg]{5; lsG5 .

s]; :68L $M /fgf 8df/, ^% jif{, ljjflxt

8d/ Ps lbg Ao'lF embfP/ cfˆgf] b]a|] xft xNnfpg ; s]gg\ . pgsf] b[li6 wldnf] lyof] / pgnfO{ af]Ng
ufx|f] eO/x]sf] lyof]. pgL c:ktfn uOg\ / 8fS6/n] pgnfO{ :6«f]s ePsf] atfP . s]xL lbgsf] cf}iflw
/ k'gjf{; y]/fkL kl5, pgsf] b[li6 ; 'wf/ eof] / pgL af]Ng / cfˆgf] xft la:tf/} ; fg{ ; lS5g\; 5g\ .
t/ 8fS6/n] eg] ls cf}iflwn] klg pgnfO{ csf]{ :6«f]s x'g ; S5 . oBlk pgL cfˆgf] gofF
kl/l:yltdf ; dfof]hg ul//x]sL lyOg\, t/ pgnfO{ cem uDeL/ :6«f]s eof] eg] s] x'G5 eg]/ pgL
lg/Gt/ lrlGtt eO/lxg\ .

cfˆgf] x]/rfx ug]{ Ifdtf u'dfpg' w]/} kL8fbfoL x'g ; S5 eg]/ :6«f]s ePsf]n] 8d/nfO{ l; sfof] . To; }n]
ha pgL cem} s'/f ug{ ; Ifd eOg\, pgn] cfˆgf] >LdfgnfO{ elgg\,

æolb d cfkm}n] cfkm}nfO{ vfgf v'jfpg jf cfˆgf] lglDt s]xL ug{ g; Sg] ljGb'df k'u]F
eg],d]/f] hLjg
nDafpgsf] nflu s]xL ug{ rfxGg.d]/f] d'6' /f]lsof] eg]; LkLcf/ cfjZos kb}{g.d nfdf] / ; ':t
ktg ; xg' eGbf l5§} dg{ rfxG5'.ææolb d To:tf] laGb'df k'U5' hxfF d slxn] klg cfkm}nfO{ v'jfpg

12
jf cfkm}n
+ ] s]lx ug{ ; lSbg, d d]/f] hLjg nDAofpgsf] nflu s]lx ug{ rfxGg . d]/f] d'6' /f]lsof] eg]
l; lkcf/ kb}{g\ . d nfdf], l9nf] ktg ; xg' eGbf l5§} d5{' .”

13
 pks/0f !M hLjg–:yfoL pkrf/ k|of]u ubf{ub}M{ tkfO{s
+ f] k|fyldstf / 5gf}6x¿

; a}sf] cf–cfˆg} d"NodfGotf x'G5, h; n] hLjgdf tkfO{+sf] b[li6sf]0fnfO{ c; / u5{ . o; n] 7\ofSs}

JofVof ug{ ; S5 ls lsg s]xL JolQmx¿n] hLjg–lbuf] pkrf/ k|fKt ug{ 5gf}6 u5{g\ hals s]xL
dflg; x¿ c:jLsf/ u5{g\ . of] efun] tkfO{nfO{ s'g cj:yfdf hLjg–lbuf] pkrf/ k|of]u
ug{ rfxfg'x'G5, / s'g cj:yfdf tkfO{n] c:jLsf/ ug{'x'G5 eGg] af/] ; f]Rg d2t ug{ ; S5 .

lgb]{zgM s[kof !–% sf] :s]ndf hLjg–:yfoL pkrf/df tkfO{+sf] k|fyldstfx¿ 3]/f nfpg'; s{n
ug{'xf]; \, tkfO{+n] cfˆgf] lrGtfx¿ ljrf/sf] :tDedf klg n]Vg ; Sg'x'G5 .
-!Ö sd ?rfOPsf], %Ö ; a}eGbf ?rfOPsf]_
tkfO{ o:tf] x'g'Xeof] hLjg–:yfoL pkrf/ k|of]u ug]{ k|fyldstfx¿
eg]=============================================olb
ltdL…
s= kl/jf/÷; fyLx¿nfO{ lrGg / ltgLx¿; F u ! @ # $ %
s'/fsfgL ug{ g; Sg]
/fo:

v= ; f]Rg / :ki6 af]Ng g; Sg] ! @ # $ %

/fo:

u= cfb]z÷cg'/f]w nfO{ hjfkm lbg ; Ifd 5}g ! @ # $ %

/fo:

3= d lx8\g g; Sg], JxLnr]o/ k|of]u ! @ # $ %

ug{ cfjZos 5
/fo:

ª aflx/ 3'dlkm/ ug{XofË cfp6 ug{ g; Sg], ; w}+ ! @ # $ %

3/d} a:g' k5{
/fo:

r=; w}+ s8f / lgsf] gx'g] kL8f ; xg' k5{ ! @ # $ %

/fo:

14
5= ; w}+ la/fdL dx; '; ug{' x'G5xf]; \ -h:t} afGtf, ! @ # $ %
kvfnf e}/xG5 _
/fo:

h= hLjg wfGgsf] nflu lbuf]sf] nflu kf]if0f ! @ # $ %

k|bfg ug{ bL3{sfnLg 6\o"a lkml8ª rflxG5
/fo:

´= hLjg wfGgsf] nflu bL3{sfnLg lduf}{nfsf] ! @ # $ %

8fonfOl; ; pkrf/ cfjZos 5 lhjg lbuf]
/fo:

c= hLjg wfGgsf] nflu hLjg lgjf{xsf nflu ! @ # $ %

bL3{sfnLg e]lG6n]6/ ; dy{g rflxG5
/fo:

6= c¿af6 @$÷& x]/rfx rflxG5 ! @ # $ %

/fo:

7= lk; fa lgoGq0f ug{ g; s\g' ! @ # $ %

/fo:

8= lb; f cg'xf/ lgoGq0f ug{ g; s\g' ! @ # $ %

/fo:

9= gl; {ª xf]ddf ; w}+el/ a:g'xf]; k5{ ! @ # $ %

/fo:

0f= cGo -s[kof pNn]v ug{'xf]; _ ! @ # $ %

/fo:

15
pks/0f @M lbuf] agfpg] pkrf/sf] k|of]u hLjg–:yfoL pkrf/ k|of]u ub}{M afF
Rgsf] nflu df}sf

; a}eGbf 7"nf] lrGtfsf] ljifo xf], afF

Rg]sf] ; Defjgf pRr x'F
bf pkrf/af6 x'g]NofOPsf]
c; 'ljwf÷b'vfOsf] nflu tkfO{+ slQsf] v8f x'g ; Sg'x'G5< jf afFRg] df}sf sd x'bF
f< lgDg k|Zgx¿n]
tkfO{+nfO{ hf]lvdsf] :t/ a'‰g d2t ug{ ; S5
s[kof sNkgf ug{'xf]; \ ls olb tkfO{+ uDeL/ /f]uaf6 kLl8t x'g'x'G5 eg], tkfO{+sf] 8fS6/n]
tkfO{+nfO{ o:tf] pkrf/ ug{ ; 'emfj lbG5 h; sf] kl/0ffd w]/} uDeL/ ; fO8 Okm]S6x¿ x'g]5, h:t} uDeL/
b'vfO, jfsjfsL x'g], afGtf jf P:y]lgof, / oL nIf0fx¿ w]/} dlxgf; Dd /xg]5g\ .

k|ZgM s] tkfOF dfly plNnlvt uDeL/ ; fO8 Okm]S6x¿; Fu ; fdgf ug{ ; Ifd x'g'x'G5 ha tkfOF
; F
u
afFRgsf] nflu lgDg df}sf 5< -s[kof cfˆgf] pQ/ ; s{n ug{'xf]; _

pRr (>*)% ) xf] kSsf 5}g\ xf]Og\

dWod (%)%) xf] kSsf 5}g\ xf]Og\
Go"g (<@)%) xf] kSsf 5}g\ xf]Og\
w]/} sd (<@%) xf] kSsf 5}g\ xf]Og\
cToGt Go"g (<).!%) xf] kSsf 5}g\ xf]Og\

cGo /fo:

References: ABA Commission on Law and Aging (2005)

16
 r/0f @M :jf:Yo x]/rfx Ph]G6 5fGg'xf]; \

lsg Ps :jf:Yo x]/ljrf/ Ph]G6 rog ug]{<

tkfO{n] s'g} cfkmGt÷ldqnfO{ tkfO{sf] :jf:Yo x]/rfx Ph]G6sf] lHfDd]jf/LaGg ; 'Dkg ; Sg'x'G5, h; n]
tkfO{nfO{ s'g} :jf:Yo ; d:of ePdf, jf cGo s'g} klg ; dodf lg0f{o ug{ g; Sg] cj:yfdf tkfO{sf]
tkm{af6 lrlsT; f lg0f{o ug{ d2t ug{ ; S5 .

æ:jf:Yo Ph]G6x¿æ af6 ; xof]u

1= tkfO{+ h:t} lrlsT; f hfgsf/L k|fKt ug{'xf]; \
@= tkfO{sf] nflu h lrlsT; f x]/rfx 6f]nL; u F ; dGjo ug{'xf]; \
3= ; d:ofx¿ p7fpg'xf]; \ / tkfO{+sf] lrlsT; f Joj:yfsf] ; dfwfg vf]Hg'xf]; \
4= cfˆgf] lrlsT; f ljsNkx¿ 5nkmn ug{'xf]; \
5= tkfO{+sf] tkm{af6 t]; |f] kIf; Fu k/fdz{ ug{'xf]; \
6= tkfO{+sf] tkm{af6 lrlsT; f k/LIf0f jf pkrf/, hLjg–wfGg] lbuf] pkrf/ ; lxt ; xdt jf c:jLsf/
ug{'xf]; \
7= tkfO{+nfO{ cGo lrlsT; f ; F +:yfx¿ -h:t} gl; {ª xf]dx¿_ df k7fpg'xf]; \ jf cGo lrlsT; sx¿af6
x]/rfx k|fKt ug{'xf]; \

pks/0f #M æ:jf:Yo x]/rfx Ph]G6æ s; /L 5gf}6 ug]{<

tkfO{+n] æ:jf:Yo x]/rfx Ph]G6æ 5gf}6 ubf{ tkfO{+n] ljrf/ ug{'kg]{ w]/} s'/fx¿ 5g\ . lgDg v08n]
tkfO{+nfO{ pQd ljsNk 5gf}6 ug{ d2t ug{ ; S5 .

sf] Ps æ:jf:Yo x]/rfx Ph]G6æ x'g ; S5 <

ljleGg b]zx¿df :jf:Yo x]/rfx Ph]G6x¿sf nflu km/s–km/s lbzf lgb]{zx¿ 5g\, t/ ; fdfGotof,
ToxfFw]/} k|sf/sf JolQmx¿ 5g\ hf] cof]Uo 5g\, tnsf] ¿kdf,
• !* jif{ d'lgsf hf] sf]xL
• tkfO{+sf] lrlsT; s, ha; Dd pxfF ÷pgL tkfO{+sf] klt÷kTgL÷glhssf] gft]bf/ x'g'x'Gg
• tkfO{nfO{ :jf:Yo, cfjf; , jf ; fd'bflos :jf:Yo ; 'ljwf k|bfg ug]{ ; +:yf ; ~rfng ug]{ dflns jf
sd{rf/Lx¿ ; lxt tkfO{nfO{ lrlsT; f x]/rfx k|bfg ug]{ JolQmx¿, pxfF ÷pgL÷pgL÷pgL tkfO{sf]
klt÷kTgL÷glhssf] gft]bf/ geP; Dd

17
s[kof cfˆgf cfkmGtx¿af6 tLg hgf pDd]bjf/x¿ dgf]gog ug{'xf]; \, To; kl5 lgDg ; t{x¿df cfwfl/te} t'ngf ug{'xf]; \, /
pko'Qm pDd]bjf/ cGtu{t Ps l6s yKg'xf]; \ .

; a} eGbf pko'Qm JolQmx¿df lgDg of]Uotfx¿ x'g'kb{5 .

s[kof cfˆgf] lbdfudf pDd]bjf/x¿sf] gfd n]Vg'xf]; \

 tkfO{+sf] tkm{af6 af]Ng OR5's 口 口 口

 cfˆgf] k|fyldstf / p; sf]÷pgsf]
JolQmut efjgfx¿ aLr leGgtf 口 口 口
ug{ ; Ifd, / ; xL ¿kdf cfˆgf] lgb]{zg
kfng
 tkfO{+nfO{ cfjZos kbf{ t'?Gt} ; fy
lbg ; S5 口 口 口
 tkfO{+n] ljZjf; ug{ ; Sg] JolQm xf] 口 口 口
 tkfO{+; u
F ; +jb] gzLn ljifox¿df 口 口 口
5nkmn ug]{ ; fx; ug{]'xf]; \
 tkfO{+sf] OR5f ; 'Gg OR5's 口 口 口
 cfˆgf] kl/jf/, ; fyL, / :jf:Yo ; ]jf
k]z]j/x? ; +u /fd|f] ; +rf/ x'g ; S5 口 口 口
 tkfO{+sf] kl/jf/, ; fyLx¿,
/ :jf:Yo ; ]jf k]z]j/x¿ aLrsf] 口 口 口
ljjfb ; dfwfg ug{ ; Ifd
 tkfO{+sf] bL3{sfnLg Ph]G6 x'g ; S5 口 口 口
s[kof klxnf] / bf]; |f] ; a}eGbf cg's"n pDd]åf/ rog ug{'xf]; \, ha klxnf] Ph]G6n] tkfO{+sf] nflu clu|d lrlsT; f lgb]{zgx¿
sfof{Gjog ug{ ; Ifd x'bF }g, p; nfO{ bf]; |f] Ph]G6n] k|lt:yfkg ug]{5 .

18
:jf:Yo x]/rfx Ph]G6 5gf]6 kl5 s] ug{'k5 {<
• p; nfO{÷pgLnfO{ cfˆgf] Ph]G6 x'g cfdlGqt ug{'xf]; \.
• cfˆgf] :jf:Yo ; ]jf k|fyldstf, d"No / ; /f]sf/x¿ af/] 5nkmn ug{'xf]; \.
• ; l' glZrt ug{'xf]; \ ls p; n]÷pgn] tkfO{+sf] clu|d lrlsT; f lgb]{zgx¿sf] k|ltlnlk k|fKt u/]sf] 5
eGg] ; 'lglZrt ug{'xf]; \.
• cfˆgf] Ph]G6nfO{ æ:jf:Yo x]/rfx Ph]G6sf nflu lgb]{zgx¿æ sf] k|ltlnlk lbg'xf]; \.
• cfˆgf] 5gf]6sf] :jf:Yo ; ]jf Ph]G6sf] af/]df cfˆgf] kl/jf/÷; fyLx¿nfO{ hfgsf/L lbg'xf]; \.

olb tkfO{+n] klxn] g} æclu|d lrlsT; f lgb]{zgx¿æ df x:tfIf/ ug{'ePsf] 5 eg] -s[kof k]h @# x]g{'xf]; _,
ha tkfOF dfgl; s ¿kdf lg0f{o ug{ ; Ifd gx'g' ePsf] cj:yfdf ; d]tx'g'x'Gg eg] ; fdu|L
tkfOFsf] :jf:Yo ; +u afwf x'F
bf klg :jf:Yo ; ]jf 6f]nLn] tkfOF
sf] clu|d lrlsT; f lgb]{zgx¿df lglb{i6
ul/Psf] tkfOF sf] pkrf/ of]hgfsf] kfngf ug]{5 . x]/rfx Ph]G6 sf] lgb]{zg t; y{, tkfO{+n]
cfˆgf] :jf:Yo x]/rfx Ph]G6nfO{ cfˆgf] lrlsT; f lgb]{zgx¿ k"0f{ ¿kdf a'‰g lbg' k5{, tkfO{+sf] :jf:Yo
x]/rfx Ph]G6nfO{ hlt; Sbf] rfF 8f] hfgsf/L lbg' k5{ ha ToxfF s'g} ; +zf]wg x'G5, / k|ltlnlk
pxfFnfO{ k7fpg'xf]; \ .

19
 r/0f #M cfˆgf] kl/jf/; F
u cfˆgf] k|fyldstf 5nkmn ug{'xf]; \

lsg ; +rf/ jf s'/fsfgL ug{ olt dxQ\jk"0f{ 5<

• tkfO{+sf] Pl; kL sf] ; fdu|L h:tf]; 's} eP klg, s; }n] klg tkfO{+sf] k|fyldstfx¿ k"0f{ ¿kdf a'‰b}g .
yk s'/fsfgL jf 5nkmnn] ; a}hgfnfO{ tkfO{+sf] cfˆgf] k|fyldstfnfO{ cem a9L ; Ddfg
ug{ lbg ; S5 .
• 5nkmnsf] k|lqmofn] tkfO{+nfO{ cfkm"n] rfx]sf] s'/fnfO{ lj:t[t ¿kdf ; f]Rg d2t ug{ ; S5 . c¿n]
tkfO{+nfO{ s]xL k|Zgx¿ ; f]Wg ; S5g\ jf tkfO{+sf] dg kl/jt{g ug{ ; Sg] s]xL s'/fx¿ pNn]v
ug{ ; S5g\ . Formatted: Font: (Default) Preeti, 14 pt,
Complex Script Font: Times New Roman, 14
• 5nkmnn] tkfO{+sf] lk|ohgnfO{ tkfO{+sf] nflu 7"nf] lg0f{o ug]{ kL8f, e|d / lrGtf sd ug{ d2t pt, Italic

ug{ ; S5 .
• oL 5nkmnx¿n] k}; f art ug{ d2t ug{ ; S5 . slxn]sfxLF la/fdLsf kl/jf/x¿n] pkrf/ a]sf/
x'bFf klg pkrf/ hf/L /fVg] lg0f{o ug{'sf] sf/0f xf], pgLx¿nfO{ la/fdLsf] k|fyldstf yfxf geP/
xf] x'bF
}g. of] of] sfo{ cljj]sL / u}/ cfly{s 5 t/ o; nfO{ tsf{pg ; lsG5.sfo{ ts{xLg 5 /
cfly{s ?kdf plrt 5}g t/ /f]Sg ; lsG5.
• 5nkmnåf/f, tkfO{+n] cfˆgf] kl/jf/sf] Ps csf{sf] k|fyldstf / ljrf/x¿ a'‰g ; Sg'x'G5, / cfˆgf] Formatted: Complex Script Font: Cambria

kl/jf/; F
u 3lgi7 ; DaGw /fVg ; Sg'x'G5 .

20
d[To'sf] af/]df s'/fsfgL s; /L ; '? ug]{ <
of] ; fdfGo 5 ls tkfO{+sf] kl/jf/ d[To'sf] ljifodf 5nkmn ug{ clgR5's x'G5, pbfx/0fsf nflu,
ltgLx¿n] eGg ; S5g\,

æcfdf, dnfO{ of] laifodf ax; /fd|f] nfUb}g,

सबै कु रा �नको लािग हो "

; a} s'/f x'g} k5{æ

“a'af, cj:yf lalu|Pkl5 tkfO{n] s'g} pkrf/ ug{ rfxg' x'Gg eGg] s'/f dnfO{ klxNo} yfxf 5 . xfdLn]
5nkmn ug{'kg]{ s]xL 5}g . ha Tof] cj:yf x'G5, xfdL pko'Qm lg0f{o ug{ ; S5f}+ . ”

æd ; fF
Rr} oL ljifox¿df 5nkmn ug{ ; lSbg h'g dnfO{ kL8fbfoL 5 . oL ljifox¿df 5nkmnn]
TfkfOsf] b]xfGTf rfF
8} x'g] b]lvG5 .æ

Pl; kL df 5nkmn ; ?' ug{ lgDg ; 'emfjx¿ 5g\

 5nkmnsf] ; '?jftsf] ¿kdf c¿sf] JolQmut cg'ej k|of]u ug{'xf]; \ .

æs] tkfO{+nfO{ ofb 5 ls s; }n] / p; sf] kl/jf/n] s] cg'ej u/]sf] 5< d rfxGg ls tkfO{+ / d; F u
Tof] cg'ej ; F u} xf]; \, To; }n] d clxn] g} tkfO{+; F
u pGgt lgb]z
{ gx¿df 5nkmn ug{ rfxG5' . ”æs] Formatted: Font: Preeti

tkfO{+nfO{ ofb 5 ls s; }n] / p; sf] kl/jf/n] s] cg'ej u/]sf] 5< d rfxGg ls tkfO{+ / d; F u Tof]
cg'ej ; uF } xf]; \, To; }n] d clxn] g} tkfO{+; F
u pGgt lgb]{zgx¿sf]af/]df 5nkmn ug{ rfxG5'' Formatted: Font: Preeti

æ>L rfg / >L jf]ª b'j}n] hLjg–lbuf] pkrf/ k|fKt u/]gg\, dnfO{ crDd nfU5 olb pgLx¿n] klxn]
g} cfˆgf] k|fyldstfx¿ k|s6 u/]sf 5g\ . d hLjg–:yfoL pkrf/df d]/f] k|fyldstf klxn] g} k|s6
ug{ rfxG5' . o; sf] af/]df s'/f u/f}+æ ‘’>L rfg / >L jf]ª b'a}n] hLjg–lbuf] pkrf/ k|fKt u/]gg\,
dnfO{ crDd nfU5 olb pgLx¿n] klxn] g} cfˆgf] k|fyldstfx¿ lglb{i6 u/]sf 5g\. d hLjg–:yfoL
pkrf/df d]/f] k|fyldstf klxn] g} lglb{i6 ug{ rfxG5'. o; sf] af/]df s'/f u/f}+æ

 5nkmnsf] >]o cfˆgf] d]l8sn 6f]nLnfO{ lbg'xf]; \.

æd]/f] P6]G8Lu+ 8fS6/ / 3/ e|d0f ug]{ g; {n] dnfO{ hLjgsf] cGTosf] x]/rfx / pkrf/df d]/f]
21
k|fyldstfx¿ tkfO{+; F
u 5nkmn ug{ ; 'emfj lbG5g\ææd]/f] x]/rfx ug]{ 8fS6/ / 3/ cfP/ ; ]jf ug]{ g; {n] Formatted: Font: Not Italic, Complex Script
Font: Italic
dnfO{ hLjgsf] cGTo; DalGw x]/rfx / pkrf/df tkfO{+; F
u d]/f] k|fyldstfx¿ 5nkmn ug{ ; 'emfj
lbG5g\æ Formatted: Font: Not Italic, Complex Script
Font: Italic

 b[9 / k|ToIf x'g cfjZos 5 b[9 / cl8s x'g cfjZos 5

ædnfO{ yfxf 5 o; n] tkfO{nfO{ b'MvL dx; '; u/fpg]5, t/ dnfO{ tkfO{n]nfO dnfO{ { Wofgk"j{s ; 'Gg
cfjZos 5, d s] eGg rfxG5' ; 'Gg'xf]; \, h'g d]/f] nflu w]/} dxQ\jk"0f{ 5 .æ

æ7Ls 5, d[To' xfd|f] lgoGq0fdf 5}g, t/ xfdL d[To' cl3 s; /L afF

Rg ; S5f}+ eg]/ lgoGq0f ug{ ; S5f}+ .
dnfO{ cfzf 5 ls tkfO{+n] of]Tof] a'‰g'eof] . ”

æd a'‰5' ls tkfO{nfO{ of] :jLsf/ ug{ ufx|f] x'g ; S5, t/ xfdLn] 5nkmn ug{sf] nflu ; do 5fGg' k5{,
7Ls 5<æ

 l9nfO ePsf] 5nkmnsf] glthf cf}+Nofpg'xf]; \

…olb xfdLn] clxn] g} o; af/] 5nkmn u/]gf}+ eg] kl/0ffd xfd|f nflu cem kL8fbfoL x'g]5. To; }n]
d ; Dej ePdf ; a}eGbf v/fa x'gaf6 /f]Sg rfxG5' .

r/0f $M clu|d lgb]{zgx¿ agfpg'xf]; \

clu|d lgb]z
{ g -P8L_ s] xf]<

clu|d lrlsT; f lgb]{zg jf clu|d lgb]z { gn] la/fdLsf] hLjg–wfGg] pkrf/df k"j{–lglb{i6
k|fyldstfx¿nfO{ hgfpF 5 ha p÷pgL cem} dfgl; s ¿kdf ; Ifd x'G5g\, h'g sfnf] / ; ]tf]df
b:tfj]h ul/Psf] x'G5. Ps AD ta dfq k|efjsf/L x'G5 ha la/fdLn] :jf:Yo x]/rfx lg0f{ox¿
ug{ ; Ifd x'bF}g, / lghsf k|ltlglw jf lglZrt JolQmx¿åf/f To; sf] sfof{Gjog ul/g]5. o; sf]
ljkl/t, olb la/fdL cem} klg lrlsT; f lg0f{o ug{ ; Ifd 5 eg], AD k|of]u ul/g] 5}g. AD n]
/f]uLnfO{ ; Ifd x'F
bfx'bF
} klg cfkm"n] rfx]sf] lrlsT; f pkrf/sf] nflu olb pm kl5 To:tf] lg0f{o
22
ug{ c; Ifd eof] eg] lgb]z{ g lbg cg'dlt lbG5 . clu|d lgb]{zgx¿ agfpg'sf] kmfObf eg]sf] pgLx¿n]
kmf/d plrt ¿kdf e/]sf] v08df la/fdLn] pgLx¿sf] k|fyldstfx¿ kfngf ul/g]5 eg]/ ; 'lglZrt
ug{ ; S5g\ . AD n] lrlsT; f 6f]nLx¿nfO{ la/fdLn] pkrf/ hf/L /fVg ; xdt 5 jf 5}g eg]/ lg0f{o
ug{ d2t ub{5, / pgLx¿nfO{ klxn] JoQm ul/Psf la/fdLsf] k|fyldstfx¿sf] :jfldTj lng cg'dlt
lbG5 . clu|d lrlsT; f lgb]{zg jf clu|d lgb]z { gn] la/fdLsf] hLjg–:yfoL pkrf/df k"j{–lglb{i6
k|fyldstfx¿nfO{ hgfpF 5 ha p÷pgL cem} dfgl; s ¿kdf ; Ifd 5g\, h'g sfnf] / ; ]tf]df b:tfj]h
ul/Psf] 5. Ps AD ta dfq k|efjsf/L x'G5 ha la/fdLn] :jf:Yo x]/rfx lg0f{ox¿ ug{ ; Ifd x'bF }g,
/ k|ltlglw jf lglZrt JolQmx¿ åf/f sfof{Gjog ul/g]5. o; sf] ljkl/t, olb la/fdL cem} klg lrlsT; f
lg0f{o ug{ ; Ifd 5 eg], Pl8 k|of]u ul/g] 5}g. Pl8n] /f]uLnfO{ ; Ifd x'F
bfx'bF
} klg cfkm"n] rfx]sf] lrlsT; f
pkrf/sf] nflu lgb]{zg lbg cg'dlt lbG5 olb pm kl5 To:tf] lg0f{o ug{ c; Ifd eof] eg]. clu|d
lgb]{zgx¿ agfpg'sf] kmfObf of] xf] ls la/fdLn] pgLx¿sf] k|fyldstfx¿ kfngf ul/g]5
eg]/ ; 'lglZrt ug{ ; S5g\ ha; Dd pgLx¿n] kmf/dnfO{ plrt ¿kdf k"/f u5{g\. P8Ln] lrlsT; f
6f]nLx¿nfO{ /f]uLn] pkrf/ hf/L /fVg ; xdt 5 jf 5}g eg]/ lg0f{o ug{ d2t ub{5, /
pgLx¿nfO{ klxn] JoQm ul/Psf la/fdLsf] k|fyldstfx¿ df:6/ ug{ cg'dlt lbG5.

P8L tLg efux¿ ldn]/ ag]sf] x'G5,

efu !M P8L agfpg] la/fdLsf] JolQmut hfgsf/L
efu @M d]/f] clu|d lgb]{zg
la/fdLn] hLjgsf] cGTosf] pkrf/ / x]/rfxdf cfˆgf] k|fyldstfx¿ 8«fˆ6 ub{5, ; lxt,
• la/fdL uDeL/ la/fdL x'F
bf lrlsT; f lgb]{zg
• la/fdL nuftf/ e]lh6]l6e cj:yf jf ckl/jt{gLo sf]dfsf] cj:yfdf x'F
bf lrlsT; f lgb]{zg
• c+u bfgdf k|fyldstf
• zj k/LIf0fdf k|fyldstf
Formatted: Font: (Default) Times New
Roman, 14 pt, Complex Script Font: Times
New Roman, 14 pt
Formatted: List Paragraph, Bulleted + Level:
efu #M ; fIfLx¿ 1 + Aligned at: 0" + Indent at: 0.25"
P8L km{d{ la/fdL / b'O{ ; fIfLx¿åf/f x:tfIf/ ul/Psf] x'g'k5{, h; dWo] Ps xªsªdf lrlsT; s x'g'k5{ .
P8L agfpg] JolQmsf] ; DklQdf ; fIfLsf] s'g} klg ; fIfLsf] rf; f] x'g' x'F
b}g .
P8L agfpg rfxg] la/fdLx¿n] klxn] cfˆgf] kl/jf/÷; fyLx¿; uF 5nkmn ug{'k5{, / sfg'gL ; Nnfx
klg lng'k5{ . P8L agfpF bf la/fdLnfO{ cfˆgf] kl/jf/ jf ; fyLx¿ ; fydf /fVg'k5{ .

s[kof kl/lzi6 ! df PrPP8L kmf/d x]g{'xf]; \

23
clu|d lgb]{zg s; /L vf/]h ug]{<

clu|d lgb]{zg h'g; 's} a]nf of] agfPsf] JolQmåf/f /2 ug{ ; lsG5 . clu|d lgb]{zg /2
ug{ rfxg]x¿nfO{ lnlvt jf df}lvs ¿kdf vf/]h ug{ k|f]T; flxt ul/g'k5{ .

lnlvt ¿kdf P8LP8 sf] vf/]h

• cfˆgf] :jf:Yo ; ]jf Ph]G6åf/f æclu|d lrlsT; f lgb]{zg vf/]hsf] ; "rgf” -kl/lzi6 @ x]g{'xf]; _, jf
æclu|d lgb]{zgsf] df}lvs vf/]hLsf] /]s8{” k"/f ug{ ; Sg'x'G5 -kl/lzi6 # x]g{'xf]; _
• P8L agfpg] JolQmsf] ; DklQdf ?lr gePsf] JolQmåf/f ; fIfL x'g'k5{ .
• k|To]s :jf:Yo ; ]jf Ph]G6 / ; DalGwt lrlsT; sx¿nfO{ vf/]hsf] hfgsf/L lbg'xf]; \, / /fVgsf]
nflu k|To]s :jf:Yo ; ]jf Ph]G6nfO{ æclu|d lrlsT; f lgb]{zg vf/]hsf] ; "rgfæ sf] k|ltlnlk k|:t't
ug{'xf]; \ .
• æclu|d lrlsT; f lgb]{zg vf/]hsf] ; "rgf” sf] Ps k|ltlnlk la/fdLsf] d]l8sn /]s8{df ; '/lIft
ug{'k5{.
P8Lsf] df}lvs vf/]h
• P8L agfpg] JolQmsf] ; DklQdf s'g} rf; f] g/fVg] lrlsT; s, jlsn jf cGo JolQmx¿sf] cufl8
vf/]h ug{' k5{ .
• ; Dej eP; Dd, ; fIfLn] lnlvt ¿kdf AD sf] df}lvs vf/]h sfuhft ug{'k5{ .
• la/fdLn] cfˆgf] P8L /2 u/]sf] 5 eg] olb lrlsT; sx¿nfO{ ; "lrt ul/G5 ls la/fdLn] cfˆgf] P8L
/2 u/]sf] 5 eg], of] hfgsf/L la/fdLsf] cf}krfl/s d]l8sn /]s8{df b:tfj]hs[tb:tfj]h x'g'k5{ .
tkfO{+sf] clu|d lgb]{zg s; /L ; DxfNg]<XofG8n ug]<{
• s[kof P8Lsf] d"n k|lt ; lhn} kfpg ; lsg] 7fpF df /fVg'xf]; \.
• s[kof tkfO{+sf] P8L jf cGo sfo{kqx¿sf] k|ltlnlk tkfO{+sf] :jf:Yo ; ]jf Ph]G6nfO{ k]z ug{'xf]; \.
• s[kof ; 'lglZrt ug{'xf]; \ ls tkfO{+sf] :jf:Yo ; ]jf Ph]G6nfO{ P8Lsf] d"n k|ltlnlk sxfF
/flvPsf]
5 eg]/ yfxf 5 .
• s[kof P8Lsf] k|ltlnlk tkfO{+sf] 8fS6/nfO{ lbg'xf]; \ / p; n] tkfO{+sf] d]l8sn /]s8{df tkfO{+sf]
k|ltlnlk /fVg'xf]; \.
• olb tkfO{+ gl; {ª xf]ddf a:b} x'g'x'G5 eg], s[kof P8Lsf] k|ltlnlk Nofpg'xf]; \ / g; {x¿nfO{ tkfO{+sf]
d]l8sn /]s8{df k|ltlnlk /fVg eGg'xf]; \.

24
 r/0f %M hLjgsf] cGTosf] nflu of]hgf agfpg'xf]; \

s] tkfO{n
+ fO{ yfxf 5 ls lk|ohg, kl/jf/, ; fyLx¿sf] d[To'n] cem} hLljt JolQmsf] nflu s]xL sl7g
k|Zgx¿ 5f]8\g ; S5 eGg] yfxf 5 < olb tkfOF cfˆgf]tkfOF
sf] d[To' kl5sf] k|aGwdf clu|d lgb]{zgx¿
k|bfg ug{ ; Sg'x'G5, / tkfOFsf] clGtd OR5f a'‰g lbg'x'G5 eg], o; n] tkfOF sf] cfkmGt÷ldqx¿n]
tkfOFsf] nflu o:tf dxQ\jk"0f{ lg0f{ox¿ ubf{ pgLx¿sf] kL8f / lrGtfnfO{ sd ug{ d2t
ug{ ; S5 . ; fy}, ltgLx¿n] tkfO{+sf] OR5f k"/f ug{ kfpF
bf /fxt dx; '; ug]{5g\ .

pks/0f $M d]/f] clGtd OR5f

w]/} dflg; x¿ cfˆgf] hLjgsf] cGtdf ltgLx¿sf nflu s] dxQ\jk"0f{ x'g]5 eg]/ b[9tfk"j{s dx; ';
u5{g\ . sltko dflg; x? s]lx rLhx? xf]pmg\ eGg]x'g rfxG5g\ . s]lxn] pgLx¿nfO{ 8/fpg] jf dg
gkg]{ rLhx¿af6 aRg ; 'lglZrt ug{ rfxG5g\ . tkfO{+sf nflu ; a}eGbf dxTQ\jk"0f{ s'/fx¿ s] s] x'g<\
tkfO{+sf lk|ohgx¿ / :jf:Yo ; ]jf k|bfosx¿; F u tkfO{+sf 5gf}6x¿ 5nkmn ug{ of] sfo{kq k|of]u
ug{'xf]; \ .
lrlsT; f cj:yf dxQ\jk"0f{ 5}g dWod w]/} dxQ\jk"0f{ cToGt
dxTQ\jk"0f{ dxTQ\jk"0f{
kL8f / si6af6 aRg] 口 口 口 口
; r]t eP/ 口 口 口 口
d]/f] kl/jf/ / glhssf ; fyLx¿ 口 口 口 口
j/k/ x'g'
d]/f] 5]pdf sf]x LePsf jf 口 口 口 口
dnfO{ 5f]Psf]] dx; '; ug {; Ifd
x'g'
d]/f] hLjg syf ; 'gfpg / c¿sf] 口 口 口 口
nflu /fd|f] ; Demgfx¿
5f]8\g ; Ifd x'g'
d dbf{ d]/f] kIfdf wfld{s jf 口 口 口 口
cfWoflTds ; Nnfxsf/x¿ x'g'
leGgtfx¿ ldnfpF b} / d]/f] kl/jf/ 口 口 口 口
/ ; fyLx¿nfO{ æcnljbfæ eGg

25
d d/]kl5 3/d} a:5' 口 口 口 口
d d/]kl5 c:ktfndf x'g' 口 口 口 口
d a]xf]; eP klg d dg{' d]/f] 口 口 口 口
kl/jf/sf] nflu d]/f] cf]5\ofgdf
k'Ug' cl3 nfdf] ; do; Dd hLljt
/xg d]/f] kl/jf/sf] nflu d]/f]
cf]5\ofgdf k'Ug'

26
 pks/0f %M d]/f] clGtd lbgx¿
tkfO{+ klxn] zfGt dx; '; ug{ ; Sg'x'G5, / To; kl5 zfGt jftfj/0fdf cfˆgf] clGtd ofqfsf] nflu
of]hgf agfpg'xf]; \ . tkfOFo; nfO{ PSn} ug{ ; Sg'x'G5 jf tkfOF
sf ; fyLx¿÷kl/jf/nfO{ ; F
u}
ug{ cfdlGqt ug{'xf]; \ .
 s] tkfO{ hLjgsf] cGTosf] ; fdgf ug{ 8/fpg'x'G5<

 olb tkfO{+ of]hgfx¿ agfpg ; Sg'x'G5 eg], tkfO{+ cfˆgf] hLjgsf] clGtd lbg÷xKtf
s; /L latfpg rfxg'x'G5< tkfO{+ sxfFx'g'x'g]5< j/k/sf] jftfj/0f s:tf] 5 <

 tkfO{sf] 5]pdf sf] x'g]5<

 tkfO{+ s] ub}{ x'g'x'gG] 5<

 olb tkfO{+ vfg ; Ifd x'g'x'G5 eg], tkfO{+ s] vfg rfxg'xG' 5<

27
 tkfO{+n] eGg jf ug{ rfxg'ePsf] clGtd s'/fx¿ s] x'g<

 s] tkfO{ s; }nfO{ kq n]Vg jf ; Gb]z 5f]8\g rfxg'x'G5<

28
pks/0f ^M d[To' kl5 Joj:yf
 tkfO{ cfˆgf] zf]s s; /L dgfO{of]; eGg] rfxg'x'G5<tkfO{+ s; /L b'MvL x'g rfxg'x'G5<

 olb tkfO{+ cfˆgf] nflu cfˆgf] lrxfg :tDe jf d[To'sf] ; dfrf/ n]Vg hfF b} x'gx' 'G5 eg], tkfO{+ s; /L n]Vg
rfxg'x'G5<olb tkfO{+ cfˆgf] nflu cfˆgf] lrxfg jf d[To'sf] va/ n]Vg hfF
b} x'g'x'G5 eg], tkfO{+ s; /L n]Vg rfxg'x'G5<

 cfˆgf] :d[lt ; df/f]xsf] ; Gbe{df tkfO{sfnfO{ k|fyldstfx¿ s] s] k|fyldstfx¿ 5g<-pbfx/0fsf nflu cfˆgf]
dgkg]{ uLt jf k':tsx¿ k|of]u ub}{, jf tkfO{+ s; nfO{ x]g{ rfxg'x'G5<_

 :d[lt ; df/f]x sxfF

x'g]5<

 tkfO{+ cGTo]li6nfO{ s; /L Jojl:yt ug{ rfxg'x'G5<

 zj sxfF
/fVg rfxg'x'G5 <

29
30
 d[To'kl5sf] Joj:yfdf ljsNk

d[To'

cGTo]li6

bfx; +:sf/ hldgdf cGTo]li6

3/df /flvPsf] 5 ; fj{hlgs lghL

sf]nDal/od xl/of] bkmg
/fVg] lrxfg3f6tx¿ lrxfg3f6tx¿

; d'›df l
c:t' ; ]nfpg]s|d]G;  jf] xk z]s l; d]6]/L
; Demgfsf] au}+rfdf
sf] lavg]{  r]pª rfp l; d]6]/L
ls|d]G; sf] lavg{]{
 tfO{ cf]l; d]6]/L
 nfO rL o'Pgl; d]6]/L

31
Ps OR5f agfpg'xf]; \

OR5fkq eg]sf] JolQmsf] d[To'kl5 p; sf] ; DklQ s; /L afF 8kmfF

8 ug]{ eGg] s'/f lgwf{/0f ug]{ sfuhft
xf] . tkfO{+; F
u hlt; 's} ; DklQ eP klg tkfO{+n] OR5fkq agfpg ; Sg'x'G5 .
!* jif{eGbf dflysf h'g; 's} JolQmn] OR5fkq agfpg ; S5g\, t/ jlsnsf] d2t lng ; Nnfx lbOG5 .
/fd|f]; F
u 8«fˆ6 ul/Psf]n] ; do / d[t JolQmsf] ; DklQ ; DalGw cbfnt df ul/g] k|f]a]6sf] sfg"gL nfut
art ug{ ; S5, kl/jf/sf ; b:ox¿sf] af]em sd ug{ ; S5, / j; Lotstf{sf] OR5fnfO{ ; xL ¿kdf
sfof{Gjog ug{ cg'dlt lbG5 .

olb tkfOF
cfˆgf] OR5fkq tof/ ug{ rfxg'x'G5 eg], lgDg cf}krfl/stfx¿ -h; nfO{ xªsªsf] sfg"gsf]
ljN; cWofb]z, Sofk= #) sf] wf/f % / wf/f !) åf/f zfl; t 5Gf_ kfngf ug{'k5{M
• tkfO{+sf] ; a} O/fbfx¿ lnlvt ¿kdf agfO{g' pTkfbg ug{'k5{Ù
• OR5fkqdf tkfOF jf tkfOF
sf] pkl:yltdf / tkfOF
sf] lgb]{zg åf/f Ps JolQm åf/f x:tfIf/ ul/Psf]
5 -kl5Nnf] l; kmfl/; ul/Psf] 5}g ha; Dd ToxfFljz]if kl/l:yltx¿ 5g\, h:t} tkfOF zf/Ll/s
¿kdf x:tfIf/ ug{ c; dy{ x'g'x'G5_Ù
• tkfO{+sf] / ; fIfLx¿sf] x:tfIf/
clwdfGo ¿kdfclwdfgtM OR5fkqsf] cGTodf /fVg' k5{Ù
• ljndf x:tfIf/ x'g' cl3 ldlt x'g'k5{Ù
• tkfO{+sf] x:tfIf/ Ps} ; dodf pkl:yt b'O{ JolQm -!* jf dflysf_ åf/f ; fIfL x'g'k5{ h; n] tkfO{+sf]
pkl:yltdf tkfO{+sf] OR5fdf x:tfIf/ ug{'k5{, /
• ; fIfL / ltgsf]÷pgsf] hLjg; fyL tkfO{+sf] OR5f cGtu{t nfefyL{ x'g'x'F
b}g . olb Ps nfefyL{ jf
p; sf]÷pgsf]÷pgsf]÷pgsf] kltn] OR5fsf] ; fIfL lbg'x'G5 eg], tkfO{+sf] OR5f cGtu{t
nfefyL{nfO{ pkxf/ hkmt x'g]5 .
olb d[tssf] d[To' lgj{; Lot OG6]:6]6 ePdf -cyf{t\ s'g} klg OR5fkq km]nf k/]g jf OR5f vf/]h
ul/Psf] 5 eg]_, Ps JolQmsf] k|zf; lgs kqsf] cg'bfgsf] nflu cfj]bg ug]{ clwsf/ �नवर्सीयत कानून
OG6/6]; Lsf] sfg"gåf/f lgolGqt x'g]5 . u}/–ljjfbfTds ; DklQ ; DalGw cbfntL k|f]a]6 lgodx¿sf]
lgod @! cGtu{t -xªsªsf] sfg"gsf] Sofk=!)A_, k|fyldstfsf] qmd lgDgfg'; f/ 5M
• hLljt klt jf hLljt ; fem]bf/ jf pkkTgLsf] ldngdf ; fem]bf/x? -h:t} bf]; |f] kTgL -/ t]; |f] ===_
klxnf] kTgLsf] hLjgdf lnOPsf]_ & cS6f]a/ !(&! cl3 k|j]z u/]Ù
• & cS6f]a/ !(&! cl3 k|j]z u/]sf] pkkTgL ; +3af6 hGd]sf s'g} klg aRrfx?; lxt d[tssf
5f]/f5f]/Lx?, jf d[tssf] hLjgsfndf d[To' ePsf] s'g} klg To:tf] aRrfsf] d'2fÙ
• d[tssf] a'af jf cfdfÙ

32
• d[tssf bfh'efO / lbbLalxgLx? jf d[tssf] hLjgsfndf d[To' ePsf d[tssf s'g} klg d[ts
efO jf alxgLsf] æd'2fæ.
OP:6]6sf] k|zf; sx¿sf] clwstd ; +Vof -jf dlxnfsf] dfdnfdf k|zf; s_ rf/ xf]. ha Pp6} l8u|Ldf
cg'bfgsf] xsbf/ JolQmx¿ aLr ljjfb x'G5 -cyf{t pgLx¿ ; a} cg'bfgsf nflu cfj]bg lbg ; dfg
xsbf/ x'G5Gf_, s; nfO{ k|zf; ssf] ¿kdf lgo'Qm ug]{ eg]/ pRr cbfntdf lgj]bg lbg'k5{.

pRr cbfntdf dflysf] kbfg'qmddf gePsf] JolQmnfO{ ; DklQ Joj:yfkg ug{ lgo'Qm ug]{ clwsf/ klg
5 . of] zlQm ta pkof]uL x'G5 ha d[tssf] cfkmGt, hf] cGoyf k|zf; ssf] ¿kdf lgo'Qm x'g of]Uo
x'g]5, @! jif{ eGbf sd pd]/sf] 5 jf ; DklQ Joj:yfkg ug{ ckof{Kt dfgl; s jf zf/Ll/s Ifdtfsf]
5.

kl/lzi6 $ df OR5f 6]DKn]6 x]g{'xf]; \

33
cfˆgf] k|]d cGo dflg; x¿nfO{ lbg'xf]; M c+u bfg

lrlsT; f k|ultsf] afjh'b, c+u k|Tof/f]k0f c+u km]n/{; ;\ +u afF

Rgsf] nfluL s]lx la/fdLx? sf] nfluL Ps
dfq cfzf ePsf] 5 . xªsªdf sl/a @))) :yfgLo la/fdL / ltgsf kl/jf/ k|Tof/f]k0f ug{ ; lsg]
c+usf] kvf{Odf 5g\6. t/, s]xL jlh{tLsf sf/0f c+u bfg ug]{sf] ; +Vof cfjZostfeGbf lgs} sd 5 .
c+u bfgsf] nflu ; lqmo ; dy{g w]/} cy{k"0f{ 5 lsgls o; n] tL la/fdLx¿nfO{ hLjgsf] gofF k§f k|bfg
ug{ ; S5 .
• d[uf}nf, sn]hf], d'6', kmf]S; f] c+ux¿ bfg ug{ ; lsG5M.
• sf]lg{of, 5fnf, x•L l6:o'x¿ bfg ug{ ; lsG5M.
• k|Tof/f]k0fsf] nflu pko'Qm /xg c+ux¿nfO{ clS; hg o'Qm /utsf] cfk"lt{ rflxG5 .
bftfx¿nfO{ ltgLx¿sf] c+ux¿ 7Ls; F u sfd ug{sf] nflu s[lqd Zjf; k|Zjf; df nufOG5 .
• c+ux¿ x6fpg'n] z/L/nfO{ ljs[t ub}{g / cGTo]li6df x]g{sf] nflu pko'Qm x'G5 .

d[ts c+u / tGt' bfgsf nflu ; fdfGo dfkb08M

• ; fdfGotof pd]/sf] ; Ldf 5}g
• a|]g 8]y bftfx¿n] -c:yfoL ¿kdf Zjf; k|Zjf; d]l; g / cf}iflwx¿sf] ; dy{gåf/f c+usf] sfd ug]{_
b'j} c+u / tGt'x¿ bfg ug{ ; S5g\ .
• ha Åbo3ft x'G5, d[tsn] k|foM tGt'x¿ dfq bfg ug{ ; S5, h:t} sf]lg{of, 5fnf / x•Lx¿n]
kof{Kt c+u sfo{ ub{5 .
• s'g} uDeL/ ÷ k|0ffnLut ; +qmd0f
• PrcfO{eL ; +qmd0f 5}g
• k|fylds cj:yfsf] dl:tis 6\o"d/ afx]s c+u, 5fnf / x•L bfgdf SofG; /x¿ lgif]lwt x'G5g\ .
oBlk, SofG; /af6 d[To' ePsf JolQmn] sf]lg{of bfg ug{ ; S5g\ -lnDkmf]df, No's]ldof, dfOnf]df,
cfFvf jf k]l/of]s'n/ If]qsf] 3fts 6\o'd/x¿ afx]s_.

kl/jf/sf] lnlvt ; xdlt k|fKt u/]kl5, :jf:YosdL{x¿n] d[ts c+ux¿ bfg / k|Tof/f]k0fsf] nflu sfd
nfUg] Jojxfo{ 5g\ jf 5}gg\ egL lgwf{/0f ug{ :yflkt hf]lvd d"NofÍg lbzflgb]{zx¿ / dfkb08x¿
cg'; f/ bftfsf] Jofks d"NofÍg / ljZn]if0f ug]{ d"NofÍg ug]{5g\.

6
Organ donation. Department of Health. https://www.organdonation.gov.hk/en/index.html

34
c+u bfg af/] ; fdfGo ldysx¿

ldys !M Psk6s d c+u bftfsf] ¿kdf btf{ eO; s]kl5, b'3{6gfdf 3fOt] ePdf lrlsT; fsdL{x¿n]
d]/f] hLjg arfpg] 5}gg\ .
; ToM of] c; Dej 5 . hLjg arfpg' :jf:YosdL{x¿sf] lhDd]jf/L / k|d'v k|fyldstf xf ]. la/fdLsf]
d[To' ePsf] k|dfl0ft ePkl5 dfq lSnlgsn 6f]nLn] p; sf] c+ubfgsf] nflu pko'Qmtfsf] d"NofÍg
ug]{5 .

ldys @M d lrlGtt 5' ls d]/f] OR5fsf] jf:tf gu/L d]/f ; a} c+ux¿ x6fOg]5g\ .
; ToM tkfO{+n] s]G›Ls[t c+u bfg btf{df jf s'g c+u -x¿_ jf tGt' -x¿_ tkfO{+n] bfg ug{ rfxg'x'G5 eGg]
c+u bfg sf8{df lglb{i6 ug{ ; Sg'x'G5 . o; afx]s, d[tssf] kl/jf/sf] ; b:on] k|Tof/f]k0fsf] nflu bfg
ug]{ ljz]if c+u jf tGt'df lnlvt ; xdlt lbg' k5 {.

ldys #M d c+u bfgaf6 p7\g] z'Ns / z'Nssf] af/]df lrlGtt 5 '.

; ToM bftfsf] d[To'kl5 c+u bfg ubf{ nfUg] z'Ns / z'Ns lghsf] kl/jf/n] a]xf]g{' kb}{g .

35
pks/0f &M c+u bfgsf nflu k|fyldstfx¿

s] tkfO{ cfˆgf] c+u bfg ug{ rfxg'x'G5< -s[kof cfˆgf] 5gf]6 ; +s]t ug{ Ps l6s /fVg'xf]; _
口 xf]
口 kSsf 5}g
口 5}g
s] tkfO{+ cfˆgf] l6:o'x¿ bfg ug{ rfxg'x'G5< -s[kof cfˆgf] 5gf]6 ; +s]t ug{ Ps l6s /fVg'xf]:_
口 xf]
口 kSsf 5}g
口 5}g

olb tkfOFæxf]æ /f]Hg'x'G5 eg], s[kof ; 'lglZrt ug{'xf]; \ ls tkfOF

sf] k|fyldstf tkfOF
sf] clu|d lrlsT; f
lgb]{zgx¿df ; +s]t ul/Psf] 5 . ; fy}, tkfO{+ Ps c+u bftfsf] ¿kdf cgnfOg btf{ ug{ ; Sg'x'G5 jf
c+u bfg btf{ kmf/d k"/f ug{ ; Sg'x'G5 . s[kof cfˆgf] lg0f{odf ; dy{g k|fKt ug{ cfˆgf] kl/jf/
/ :jf:Yo ; ]jf Ph]G6nfO{ cfˆgf] k|fyldstfx¿ atfpg gla; {g'xf]; \.

; fOg ck ug{
!= l; cf]8Lcf/ j]a; fO6df btf{ ug{'xf]; M :
http://www.organdonnation.gov.hk/codrtc.html jf
@= kbf]Gglt k'l:tsfdf btf{ kmf/d k"/f ug{'xf]; \ / k7fpg'xf]; \
 x'nfskf]:6 åf/fM
l; cf]8Lcf/ k|0ffnL k|zf; s,
:jf:Yo ljefu,
@! tnf, j" r'+u xfp; ,@!# SjLG; /f]8 O{:6,
jfg rfO, xªsª, jf
 ˆofS; åf/fM @!@&$(@^

c+u bfg sf8{

of] s]G›Ls[t c+u bfg k|0ffnLdf btf{df btf{ gug]{ 5gf}6 ug]{ JolQmx¿sf] nflu dfq nfu" x'G5 . cfˆgf]
OR5f af/] cfˆgf] kl/jf/nfO{ atfpg gla; {g'xf]; \ / sf8{df x:tfIf/ u/]kl5 sf8{ cfkm"; F
u} n}hfg'xf]; \ .

36
kf]:6df6{d
c6f]K; L eGgfn] d[To'kl5 c6f]K; L eg]sf] lgbfg / cg'; Gwfgsf] p2]Zosf nflu d[To' kl5 ul/g] z/L/sf]
lrlsT; f k/LIf0fnfO{ a'emfpF
5 . zjnfO{ o; sf] df}lns ¿kaf6 hf]ufpg ; lsG5 / kf]:6df6{d kl5
uf8\g ; lsG5 .

pks/0f *M zj k/LIf0fsf] nflu k|fyldstf

s] tkfO{+ kf]:6df6{d k|fKt ug{ rfxg'x'G5 <

口 xf]
口 kSsf 5}g
口 5}g
olb tkfOF æxf]æ /f]Hg'x'G5 eg], s[kof tkfOF
sf] k|fyldstf tkfOF
sf] clu|d x]/rfx lgb]{zgdf ; +s]t
ul/Psf] 5 .

z/L/ bfg
z/L/ bfg sfo{qmdn] dflg; x¿nfO{ lrlsT; f lzIff / cg'; Gwfgsf] p2]Zosf nflu d[To' ePkl5
ltgLx¿sf] z/L/ lrlsT; f ; +sfonfO{ bfg ug{ cg'dlt lbG5 . bfg ul/Psf
zjx¿ :d[lt ; df/f]x ; dfKt ePkl5 lrlsT; f ; +sfodf k7fOg]5g\ . Formatted: Font: Bold, Italic, Complex Script
Font: Bold, Italic

pks/0f (M z/L/ bfg

s] tkfO{+ lrlsT; f cg'; Gwfgsf] p2]Zosf nflu cfˆgf] z/L/ bfg ug{ rfxg'x'G5<
口 d lrlsT; f cg'; Gwfgsf] p2]Zosf nflu d]/f] cfˆg} z/L/ bfg ug{ rfxG5 '.
口 d d]/f] z/L/ bfg ug{ rfxGg .

yk hfgsf/Lsf] nflu, s[kof e|d0f ug{'xf]; \

 xªsª ljZjljBfnosf] afof]d]l8sn ; fOG; :s"naf6 z/L/ bfg sfo{qmd
https://www.med.hku.hk/bdp/index-e.html
 xªsªsf] lrlgofF ljZjljBfno, lrlsT; f ; +sfoaf6 z/L/ bfg sfo{qmd .

37
 https://apps.med.cuhk.edu.hk/registration/view.php?id=713748

r/0f ^M lgoldt ; dLIff / cBfjlwsx¿

clu|d lrlsT; f lgb]{zgx¿df x:tfIf/ u/]kl5 d}n] s] ug{'k5{<

æ/fd|f] clu|d x]/rfx of]hgf Ps lg/Gt/ ; +rf/ k|lqmof x'g'k5”{

clu|d x]/rfx of]hgf / pGgt lrlsT; f lgb]{zgx¿ ; w}+ ; do ; +u kl/jt{g x'G5g \. lsgeg] JolQmsf]
cle?lrk|fyldstf / k|fyldstf jftfj/0f / p; sf] :jf:Yo l:ylt cg'; f/ kl/jt{g x'G5 . egfO
cg'; f/, æs; }n] ; w}+ cfzf ug{'k5{ ha sf]xL lg/fz x'G5 .æ

ha tkfOF n] hLjgsf] cGTo pkrf/ / x]/rfxsf] nflu tkfOF

lgDg cj:yfsf] ; fdgf ug{'x'G5, tkfOF sf] Formatted: Font: Italic, Complex Script Font:
Italic
k|fyldstfx¿ k'gM ljrf/ ug{ cfjZos 5 .
!= k|To]s bzs ––– k|To]s bzsnfO{ ljrf/ ug{'xf]; \
@= d[To' ––– Ps lk|ohg u'dfpg] cg'ej
#= ; DaGw ljR5]b tnfs ––– ; DaGw ljR5]b jf kl/jf/df cGo gf6sLo kl/jt{gx¿ cg'ej
$= lgbfg ––– :jf:Yo l:ylt lgbfg kl5 kl/jt{g
%= lalu|/x]sf] :jf:Yo –––:jf:Yo lau|bF
f jf kl/jt{gx¿ cg'ej ubf{, ljz]if u/L olb tkfO{+n]
cfTd–x]/rfx ug]{ Ifdtf u'dfpg'eof] eg]

olb tkfOF sf] k|fyldstfx¿ kl/jt{g ul/Psf] 5 eg] ===

olb tkfO{+sf] cl3Nnf] k|fyldstf kl/jt{g ul/Psf] 5 eg], s[kof 5'§} gofF clu|d x]/rfx of]hgf Formatted: Font: Italic, Complex Script Font:
Italic
agfpg'xf]; \ . tkfO{+n] clu|d d]l8sn lgb]{zgx¿sf] kmf/d km]l/ el/; s]kl5, s[kof k'/fgf] clu|d
lgb]{zgx¿ ; fydf ePsf ; a}nfO{ kmf/dsf] k|ltlnlk ; "lrt ug{'xf]; \ / lbg'xf]; kf; ug{'xf]; \ .

38
 kl/lzi6x¿

kl/lzi6 !M clu|d lrlsT; f lgb]{zg kmf/d

kl/lzi6 @M clu|d lrlsT; f lgb]{zgx¿ /2 ug]{ ; "rgf
kl/lzi6 #M clu|d lgb]{zgx¿sf] df}lvs vf/]hLsf] clen]v
kl/lzi6 $M ljN; 6]DKn]6 (OR5f gd"gf)

Formatted: Complex Script Font: Arial

Unicode MS, 12.5 pt, (Complex) Hindi (India)

39
kl/lzi6 !M clu|d lrlsT; f lgb]{zg kmf/d
v08IM o; clu|d lgb]{zgsf] lgdf{tfsf] JolQmut ljj/0f
gfdM -s[kof 7"nf cIf/x¿ k|of]u ug{'xf]; _
klxrfg sfuhft gDa/M
lnËM k'?if÷dlxnf
hGd ldlt M _____ ÷ ________ ÷ _____ -lbg_ -dlxgf_ -jif{_
3/sf] 7]ufgf M
3/ 6]lnkmf]g. gDa/ M ………………………………
sfof{no 6]lnkmf]g. gDa/ M ………………………………
df]afOn 6]lnkmf]g. gDa/ M ………………………………

v08 IIM k[i7e"ld

!= d a'‰5' ls o; lgb]{zgsf] p2]Zo b'Mv jf ckdfgnfO{ sd ug{' xf] h'g d}n] ef]Ug' kg{ ; S5 jf l; h{gf
ug{ ; S5' ha d cToflws la/fdL x'F bf jf lg/Gt/ ; '; 'Kt cj:yfdfjg:klt cj:yf jf ckl/jt{gLo
sf]dfsf] cj:yfdf, jf cGo lglb{i6 clGtd r/0fdf ckl/jt{gLo hLjg ; Lldt x'G5 . d]/f
d]l8sn ; Nnfxsf/ jf cfkmGt jf b'j}nfO{ d]/f] tkm{af6 sl7g lg0f{o ug]{ af]emaf6 hf]ufpg.cj:yf, /
d]/f] tkm{af6 sl7g lg0f{o ug]{ af]em d]/f] lrlsT; f ; Nnfxsf/ jf cfkmGt jf b'j}nfO{ hf]ufpg.
@= d a'‰5' ls OR5fd[To' ul/g] 5}g, g t :ki6 ¿kdf cg'/f]w u/] tfklg s'g} klg kl/l:yltdf d]/f]
lrlsT; f pkrf/sf] nflu s'g} u}/sfg"gL lgb]{zgx¿ kfngf ul/g] 5}g .
#= d, ___________________________ -s[kof gfd 5fKg'xf]; _ !* jif{ eGbf dflysf]
pd]/df, d]/f] lrlsT; f x]/rfx / pkrf/ -olb 5 eg]_ ; DaGwL d}n] u/]sf ; a} cl3Nnf] clu|d lgb]z
{ gx¿
vf/]h u5{', / d]/f] cfˆg} :jtGq OR5fsf] lgDg clu|d lgb]{zgx¿ agfpF 5' .
$= olb d cToflws ¿kdf la/fdL ePF jf olb d ckl/jt{gLo sf]df jf lg/Gt/ ; '; 'Kt cj:yfdf
jg:klt cj:yf jf cGo lglb{i6 clGtd r/0fsf] ckl/jt{gLo hLjgdf ; Lldt cj:yfdf 5' eg] d]/f]
cl3 pkl:yt 8fS6/ / slDtdf Ps cGo 8fS6/n] lgbfg u/] cg'; f/, tfls d d d]/f] lrlsT; f x]/rfx
/ pkrf/sf] af/]df ul/g] lg0f{ox¿df efu lng c; dy{ 5', d]/f] lrlsT; f x]/rfx / pkrf/sf] ; DaGwdf
d]/f] lgb]{zgx¿ lgDgfg'; f/ 5g\M

40
-s_ s]; !1 – uDeL/ la/fdL

-gf]6M o; lgb]{zgdf – æ6ld{gnL la/fdLæ eGgfn] pGgt, k|ultzLn / ckl/jt{gLo /f]uaf6 kLl8t x'g',
/ pkrf/fTds pkrf/df k|ltlqmof lbg c; kmn x'g', lbg, xKtf jf s]xL dlxgfsf] lx; fan] 5f]6f] cfo'
x'g'Ù / o; sf] k|of]u hLjg–lbuf] pkrf/s] k|of]un] d[To'sf] If0fnfO{ :ylut ug{ dfq sfd ub{5, /
æhLjg lbuf] pkrf/æ eGgfn] la/fdLsf] d[To'nfO{ :ylut ug]{ ; DefJotf ePsf s'g} klg
pkrf/nfO{ a'emfpF 5 / pbfx/0fsf nflu, sfl8{of]kNdf]g/L l/; 'l; 6]zg, s[lqd e]lG6n]; g, /ut
pTkfbgx¿, k]; d]s/x¿, ef; f]k|]; /x¿, s]df]y]/fkL jf 8folnl; ; h:tf ljz]if cj:yfx¿sf] nflu
ljz]if pkrf/x¿ ; dfj]z ub{5. PlG6afof]l6sx¿ ha ; Defljt hLjg–vt/fsf] ; +qmd0fsf] nflu
lbOG5, / s[lqd kf]if0f / xfO8«]; g. -s[lqd kf]if0f / xfO8«]; g eg]sf] gnL dfkm{t JolQmnfO{ vfgf / kfgL
v'jfpg' xf]._

 dnfO{ lgDg hLjg l6sfpg] pkrf/ -x¿_ lbOg] 5}gM

 sfl8{of]kNdf]g/L l/; 'l; 6]zg -l; lkcf/_
 cGoM _____________________________________________
 cfwf/e"t / pkzfds - lk8f sd u/fpg] pkrf/_ x]/rfxsf] nflu art ug{'xf]; \, dnfO{ hLjg
lgjf{x ug]{ s'g} pkrf/ lbOg] 5}g . u}/–s[lqd kf]if0f / xfO8«]; g, o; kmf/dsf] p2]Zosf nflu,
cfwf/e"t x]/rfxsf] efu aGg]5.
 oBlk, d d[To' cf; Gg / ckl/xfo{ geP; Dd s[lqd kf]if0f / xfO8«]zg k|fKt ug{]sfo{ hf/L /fVg
rfxG5', olb lrlsT; sLo ¿kdf ; +s]t ul/Psf] 5 eg], d[To' cf; Gg / ckl/xfo{ geP; Dd .

-v_s]; @ – nuftf/ ; '; 'Kt jg:klt cj:yf jf ckl/jt{gLo sf]dfsf] cj:yf

-gf]6M o; lgb]{zgdf –
æhLjg lbuf] pkrf/æ eGgfn] la/fdLsf] d[To'nfO{ :ylut ug]{ ; DefJotf ePsf s'g} klg pkrf/nfO{ a'emfpF
5/
pbfx/0fsf nflu, sfl8{of]kNdf]g/L l/; 'l; 6]zg, s[lqd e]lG6n]; g, /ut pTkfbgx¿, k]; d]s/x¿, ef; f]k|]; /x¿,
s]df]y]/fkL jf 8folnl; ; h:tf ljz]if cj:yfx¿sf] nflu ljz]if pkrf/x¿ ; dfj]z ub{5. PlG6afof]l6sx¿
ha ; Defljt hLjg–vt/fsf] ; +qmd0fsf] nflu lbOG5, / s[lqd kf]if0f / xfO8«]zg #. -s[lqd kf]if0f / xfO8«]; g eg]sf]
gnL dfkm{t JolQmnfO{ vfgf / kfgL v'jfpg' xf]._

41
 dnfO{ lgDg hLjg l6sfpg] pkrf/ -x¿_ lbOg] 5}g\
 sfl8{of]kNdf]g/L l/; 'l; 6]zg -l; lkcf/_
 cGoM________________________________________________
 cfwf/e"t / pkzfds x]/rfxsf] nflu art ug{'xf]; \, dnfO{ hLjg lgjf{x ug]{ s'g} pkrf/ lbOg]
5}g. u}/–s[lqd kf]if0f / xfO8«]; g, o; kmf/dsf] p2]Zosf nflu, cfwf/e"t x]/rfxsf] efu aGg]5.
 oBlk, d d[To' cf; Gg / ckl/xfo{ geP; Dd s[lqd kf]if0f / xfO8«]; g k|fKt ug{ hf/L /fVg
rfxG5', olb lrlsT; sLo ¿kdf ; +s]t ul/Psf] 5 eg ].
-u_ s]; # – cGo clGtd r/0f ckl/jt{gLo hLjg ; Lldt cj:yf, cyft{TM
_____________________________________________
-gf]6M o; lgb]{zgdf –
æcGo clGtd r/0fsf] ckl/jt{gLo hLjg ; Lldt cj:yfæ eg]sf] s]; 1 jf s]; 2 ; F
u ; DalGwt gePsf] pGgt,
k|ultzLn, / ckl/jt{gLo cj:yfaf6 kLl8t x'g' xf], t/ la/fdLsf] afF
Rg ; Lldt ub}{ cj:yfsf] clGtd r/0fdf k'u]sf]
5. pbfx/0fx¿ ; dfj]z 5g\
-!_ clGtd r/0fsf] d[uf}nf ljkmntf, clGtd r/0fsf] df]6/ Go"/f]g /f]u, jf clGtd r/0fsf] qmf]lgs cA; 6«lS6e
kNdf]g/L /f]u ePsf la/fdLx¿ hf] s]; 1 df 6ld{gn /f]usf] kl/efiffdf kg{ ; Sb}gg\, lsgeg] ltgLx¿sf] afF
Rg
8folnl; ; jf ; xfotfåf/f nfdf] ; do; Dd /xg ; S5. e]lG6n]; g, /
-@_ k|d'v dl:tis sfo{sf] ckl/jt{gLo Iflt / s]; 2 df gk/]sf cToGt} sdhf]/ sfof{Tds l:ylt ePsf
la/fdLx¿.
æhLjg lbuf] pkrf/æ eGgfn] la/fdLsf] d[To'nfO{ :ylut ug]{ ; DefJotf ePsf s'g} klg pkrf/nfO{ a'emfpF
5/
pbfx/0fsf nflu, sfl8{of]kNdf]g/L l/; 'l; 6]zg, s[lqd e]lG6n]; g, /ut pTkfbgx¿, k]; d]s/x¿, ef; f]k|]; /x¿,
s]df]y/] fkL jf 8folnl; ; h:tf ljz]if cj:yfx¿sf] nflu ljz]if pkrf/x¿ ; dfj]z ub{5. PlG6afof]l6sx¿
ha ; Defljt hLjg–vt/fsf] ; +qmd0fsf] nflu lbOG5, / s[lqd kf]if0f / xfO8«]; g. -s[lqd kf]if0f / xfO8«]; g eg]sf] gnL
dfkm{t JolQmnfO{ vfgf / kfgL v'jfpg' xf] ._

 dnfO{ lgDg hLjg l6sfpg] pkrf/ -x¿_ lbOg] 5}gM

 sfl8{of]kNdf]g/L l/; 'l; 6]zg -l; lkcf/_
 cGoM _____________________________________________
 cfwf/e"t / pkzfds x]/rfxsf] nflu art ug{x' f]; \, dnfO{ s'g} klg hLjg lgjf{x ug]{ pkrf/
lbOg] 5}g. u}/–s[lqd kf]if0f / xfO8«]; g, o; kmf/dsf] p2]Zosf nflu, cfwf/e"t x]/rfxsf] efu
aGg]5.
 oBlk, d s[lqd kf]if0f / xfO8«]zg k|fKt ug{ hf/L /fVg rfxG5', olb lrlsT; sLo
¿kdf ; +s]t ul/Psf] 5 eg], d[To' cf; Gg / ckl/xfo{ geP; Dd.

%= d o; clu|d lgb]{zgsf] v08 III df gfldtgfd ePsf b'O{ ; fIfLx¿sf] pkl:yltdf of] lgb]{zg lbG5',
42
hf] cGtu{t nfefyL{x¿ 5}gg\M
(i) d]/f] OR5fÙ jf
(ii) d; u F /x]sf] aLdfsf] s'g} klg gLltÙ jf
(iii) d}n] jf d]/f] tkm{af6 agfPsf] s'g} cGo ; fwg.

^= d a'‰5' ls d of] clu|d lgb]{zg s'g} klg ; dodf /2 ug{ ; S5' .

_________________________ ______
o; clu|d lgb]{zg lgdf{tf sf] x:tfIf/ ldlt

v08 IIIM ; fIfLx¿

; fIfLsf] nflu gf]6M
Ps ; fIfL Ps JolQm x'g'k5{ hf] cGtu{t nfefyL{ xf]Og –
(i) o; clu|d lgb]{zgsf] lgdf{tfsf] OR5fÙ jf
(ii) o; clu|d lgb]{zgsf] lgdf{tfn] /fv]sf] aLdfsf] s'g} gLltÙ jf
(iii) o; clu|d lgb]{zgsf] lgdf{tf åf/f jf tkm{af6 agfOPsf] s'g} cGo pks/0f

; fIfLx¿sf] aofg
klxnf] ; fIfL
-gf]6M of] ; fIfL Ps btf{ ul/Psf] lrlsT; f Joj; foL x'g'kb{5, hf] o; lgb]{zgsf] lgdf{tfsf] ljsNkdf, of] lgb]{zg
lgdf{tfsf] pkrf/ ug]{ jf pkrf/ ug]{ JolQm afx]s cGo 8fS6/ x'g ; S5._
-!_ d, __________________________ -s[kof gfd 5fKg'xf]:_ tn ; fIfLsf] ¿kdf x:tfIf/
ug{'xf]; \.
-s_ hxfF ; Dd dnfO{ yfxf 5, of] lgb]{zgsf] lgdf{tfn] lgb]{zg :j]lR5s ¿kdf agfPsf] 5Ù /
-v_ d}n] o; lgb]{zgsf] lgdf{tfnfO{ of] lgb]{zg agfpg'sf] k|s[lt / k|efjx¿ JofVofsf] k"0f{ JofVof
u/]sf] 5' .
-@_ d 3f]if0ff ub{5' ls of] lgb]{zg tnsf] gfdsf] bf]; |f] ; fIfL; u
F d]/f] pkl:yltdf agfOPsf] / x:tfIf/
ul/Psf] 5.

___________________________ ___________________
klxnf] ; fIfLsf] x:tfIf/ ldlt

43
gfdM
klxrfg sfuhft gDa/ ÷ d]l8sn sfplG; n btf{ gDa/M
sfof{no 7]ufgfM
sfof{no 6]lnkmf]g. gDa/M

bf]; |f] ; fIfL

-gf]6M of] ; fIfL slDtdf !* jif{sf] x'g'k5{_
-!_ d, __________________________ -s[kof gfd 5fKg'xf]:_ tn ; fIfLsf] ¿kdf x:tfIf/
ug{'xf]; \.
-@_ d 3f]if0ff ub{5' ls of] lgb]{zg dfly pNn]v ul/Psf] klxnf] ; fIfL; u F d]/f] pkl:yltdf agfOPsf]
/ x:tfIf/ ul/Psf] 5, / klxnf] ; fIfLn] d]/f] pkl:yltdf of] lgb]{zgsf] lgdf{tfnfO{ o; lgb]{zgsf] k|s[lt
/ k|efjx¿ JofVof u/]sf] 5 .

_________________________ _________________________
bf]; |f] ; fIfLsf] x:tfIf/ ldlt

gfdM
klxrfg sfuhft gDa/M
3/ 7]ufgf ÷ ; Dks{ 7]ufgfM
3/ 6]lnkmf]g. gDa/ ÷ ; Dks{ gDa/M

44
kl/lzi6 @M clu|d lgb]{zgx¿ /2 ug]{

v08 IM o; clu|d lgb]{zgsf] lgdf{tfsf] JolQmut ljj/0f

gfdM -gf]6M s[kof 7"nf cIf/x¿ k|of]u ug{'xf]; \_
klxrfg sfuhft gDa/M
lnËM k'?if÷dlxnf
hGd ldlt M _____ ÷ _______ ÷ _____
-lbg_ -dlxgf_ -jif{_
3/sf] 7]ufgf M
3/sf] 6]lnkmf]g gDa/M
sfof{nosf] 6]lnkmf]g gDa/M
df]afOn 6]lnkmf]g gDa/M

v08 IIM /2Ls/0f

-!_ d, ___________________________ -s[kof gfd 5fKg'xf]; _ !* jif{eGbf dflysf]

ePsf]n], d]/f] lrlsT; f x]/rfx / pkrf/ ; DaGwL s'g} klg clu|d lgb]{zg o; vf/]hsf] ldlteGbf cl3
g} vf/]h u5{'.
-@_ d o; vf/]hsf] v08 III df gfd lbOPsf] ; fIfLsf] pkl:yltdf of] vf/]h u5{', hf] cGtu{t
nfefyL{ 5}gGM
(i) d]/f] OR5fÙ jf
(ii)d; uF /x]sf] aLdfsf] s'g} klg gLltÙ jf
-(iii)d}n] jf d]/f] tkm{af6 agfPsf] s'g} cGo ; fwg.

_________________________ _________________
o; vf/]hLh] lgdf{tfsf] x:tfIf/ ldlt

45
v08 IIIM ; fIfL

; fIfLsf] aofg

-gf]6M of] ; fIfL slDtdf !* jif{sf] x'g'k5{_

-!_ d, __________________________ -s[kof gfd 5fKg'xf]; _ tn ; fIfLsf] ¿kdf

x:tfIf/ ug{'xf]; \.
-@_ d 3f]if0ff ub{5' ls of] sfuhft d]/f] pkl:yltdf agfOPsf] / x:tfIf/ ul/Psf] xf].

_____________________________________
-; fIfLsf] x:tfIf/_ -ldlt_

gfdM
kl/ro kq gDa/M
3/sf] 7]ufgf ÷ ; Dks{ 7]ufgfM
3/ 6]lnkmf]g. gDa/ ÷ ; Dks{ gDa/M

46
kl/lzi6 #M clu|d lgb]{zgx¿sf] df}lvs vf/]hLsf] clen]v

clu|d lgb]{zgsf] df}lvs /2Ls/0fsf] clen]v /]s8{

v08 IM df}lvs /2Ls/0fsf] lgdf{tfsf] JolQmut ljj/0f

gfdM -gf]6M s[kof 7"nf cIf/x¿ k|of]u ug{'xf]; _
klxrfg sfuhft gDa/M
lnËM k'?if÷dlxnf
hGd ldlt M _____ ÷ _______ ÷ _____
-lbg_ -dlxgf_ -jif{_
3/sf] 7]ufgf M
3/sf] 6]lnkmf]g gDa/M
sfof{nosf] 6]lnkmf]g gDa/M
df]afOn kmf]g gDa/M

v08 IIM ; fIfL

; fIfLsf] aofg

-gf]6M of] ; fIfL slDtdf !* jif{sf] x'g'k5{_

-!_ d, __________________________ -s[kof gfd 5fKg'xf]; _ ; fIfLsf] ¿kdf tn
x:tfIf/ ug{'xf]; \.
-@_ d k'li6 ub{5' ls _______________________ -s[kof gfd 5fKg'xf]; _ n]
_________________ -/2 ul/Psf] ldlt_ _____ laxfg÷lbp+; f] df, d]/f] pkl:yltdf,
p; sf]÷pgsf] lrlsT; f x]/rfx / pkrf/; F u ; DalGwt ; a} cl3Nnf] clu|d lgb]{zgx¿ df}lvs ¿kdf

47
vf/]h u/]sf] 5. -#_ d /ut, ljjfx jf wd{k'qaf6 ________________________ -s[kof gfd
5fKg'xf]:_ ; u
F ; DalGwt 5}g, g t d]/f] hfgsf/L cg'; f/, s] d pxfF
sf] OR5f jf pxfF
÷pgsf] jf s'g}
klg aLdfsf] gLlt cGtu{t nfefyL{ 5'. p; n] jf p; sf] tkm{af6 agfPsf] cGo pks/0f.

__________________________ _________
-; fIfLsf] x:tfIf/_-ldlt_
gfdM
k]zfM
klxrfg sfuhft gDa/ ÷ d]l8sn sfplG; n btf{ gDa/M
3/sf] 7]ufgf ÷ ; Dks{ 7]ufgfM 3/ 6]lnkmf]g. gDa/ ÷ ; Dks{ gDa/M

kl/lzi6 $M ljN; 6]DKn]6

48