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/ 9
UNIT
PHYSICAL
| EDUCATION
AND SPORTS
FOR CWSN
(Children With Special
Needs- Divyang)
Deaflympics).
Inthis chapter you will study
«Different organisations promoting disablty sports,
students (CWSN), diferent strategies to make physical act
(Divyang)
Concepts Covered
Paralympics, Deaflympics).
EJ Revision Notes
> Disability is an integral part of human life. Almost
ee A fae ed ene indo temporary
See et ome patie
or ies init
func nother wont i natn fo needs
ce’ wthther te some chldren ay
hafeneedl thatare special needs
Thug tegaecertia a cee recency
Msp Needs (CHSN) cent.
ea een ia ae
tay money ade ter aty to feron
equ nthe fy, community oc schoo
Bear tne dels ey tnt allen
© atin te il penta The ules hey
<7” Organisations promoting Disability Sports
(Special Olympics; Paralympics:
© Advantages of ‘Physical
children with special needs.
‘e Strategies to make Physical
‘Advantages of physical activites for
iviies assessable for CWSN. |
Organisations pro.
(Special Olympics; Paralympics; Deaflympics)
Topic-1: Organisations
promoting Disability
Sports (Special Olympics;
Paralympics; Deaflympics)
Page No. 73
Topic-2 : Advantages
of Physical Activities for
children with special
needs and Strategies to
make Physical Activities
assessable for children
with special needs.
Activities
Activities for |
needs. |
moting Disability Sports
experience may be physical, cognitive, linguistic,
fobal, emototal of peychologeal. They” may,
therefore, require special and extra inputs to
‘overcome their challenges.
Special Olympics Bharat: Special Olympics Bharat
is a National Sports Federation registered in 2001
under the Indian Trust Act, 1882. It is accredited by
Special Olympics International to conduct Special
Olympics Programs in India. The Government of
India hasaccrediteditasaNational Sports Federation
in the Priority Category, for development of Sports
for persons with special needs intellectually. It is
the Nodal Agency for the purpose due to national
vueaurniee wie C
C re SICAL EDUCATION, Class-Xil
estion Bank Chapterwise & Topicwise, PHYS!
COswaal CBSE Question B
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presence and experience, particularly in rural areas
{hat account for around 75% of the population with
-eds of India,
Special AAR,
onramee sud
the mission of Special Olympics is to provide year
found sports training and athletic competition in
rariety of Olympic-lype sports for children and
‘gulls with special needs intellectually, giving,
them continuing opportunities to develop physical
‘demonstrate courage, experience joy and
participate in sharing of gifts, skills and friendship
Pith their families, other Special Olympics athletes
nd the community.
Paralymy
‘The Paralympic Games are the world’s largest
sporting, event for the people with special needs
ysically, visually and intellectually. The
Paralympic Movement was started by Sir Luding
Gottimannand the movement finally developed into
Paralympic Games, Guttmann was a firm believer
that sports was the most appropriate method of
therapy for those who have special needs physically
to help them in building physical strength and self-
‘steer, In 1948, he organised a sports competition
for British World War Il veteran, patients with
spinal cord injuries. These games were known as
the Stoke Mandeville Games and were recognised
by International Olympics Association,
—
In 1940, these games were held in Rome after the
Rome Olympics. However, they were still known
as the Mandeville Games. These games were the
fist official Paralympic Games. In these games,
40 athletes participated from 23 countries. After
1860 Paralympic Games, things began to improve
and the Paralympic movement continued to
ow, modernise and include more and more
Sports for other differently abled groups also. In
1576 Paralympic Games, events for amputees and
visually impaired athletes were organised for the
fit time, After the gap of few years, the events
7
special
fitness,
B Multiple Choice Questions
a. me Olympics Bharat was registered in the
_
(A) 1995, 2001
(©) 205 (om
Option (8) is correct.
\\/ OBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS
for the athletes with cerebral palsy were included
in. 1980 Paralympic Games. In spite of these
improvements, the Paralympic Games were still not
considered equal or parallel to the Olympic Games.
There was a rapid growth in the Paralympic
Movement. In 1980, the first governing body for the
Paralympic Movement was formed. It was known
as International Coordination Committee of World
Sports Organisations for the Disabled (ICC). In
1989, ICC was replaced by International Paralympic
Committee (IPC). These games were a great success
‘and boosted the movement's momentum.
Deaflympics:
The ‘Deaflympics’ are
Previously they were ca
for the Deaf. These games
International committee |
since the first event and the}
International Olympic Committee. The deaflympion
‘cannot be guided by sounds for example, the starter
{gun, bullhorn commands or referee whistles. The
Beaflympics were held in Paris in 1924 and were
also the first ever international sporting events for
ity.
games for deaf athletes
led the International games
are organised by “The
sports for the Deaf”
vy are sanctioned by
DEAFLYMPICS
The Deaflympic winter games, was added in
1949. The games began as a small gathering of 148
athletes. Now these games are grown into a global
movement.
To qualify for the games, athletes must have a
hearing loss of atleast 55db in their “better ear’
Hearing, aids, cochlear implant are not allowed to
be used in competition.
Deaflympions can not be guided by sounds so
alternative methods are used to address the
athletes. For example: the football referees wave
a flag instead of blowing a whistle, on the track,
races are started by using a light, instead of using a
starting pistol.
Explanation: The Special Olympics Bharat was
registered under the Indian Trust Act, 1882 in the
year 2001
Q.2. The Games are the world’s largest
sporting event for people with special needs.
(A) Summer Olympics (B) Winter Olympics
(© Deaflympics (D) Paralympics
‘Ans. Option (D) is correct.
R.
veaurniee wil Ci sae
(so
Explanation: Summer and Winter Olympics are for
general athletes, Deaflympics are for the athletes
‘with hearing impairment and Paralympics are for
the athletes with special needs.
3. The Paralympic Movement wasstarted by
(A) Sir Luding Guttman
(B) Stoke Mandeville
(©). R.Sherman
(D)J.F. Williams
‘Ans. Option (A) is correct.
Explanation: Gutmann was a firm believer that
sports was the most appropriate method of therapy
forthose who have special needs physically to help
them in building physical strength and selt-esteem.
Q.4. The first governing body for Paralympic
Movement was formed in :
(A) 1950 (@) 1960
© 1970 (D) 1980
‘Ans. Option (D) is correct.
Explanation: In 1980, the first governing body for
the Paralympic Movement was formed. It was
known as International Coordination Committee
‘of World Sports Organisations for the Disabled
(ICC), In 1989, ICC was replaced by International
Paralympic Committee (IPC).
Q.5. The original name of the Paralympic Movement
was ICC of World Sports Organisation for the
(A) Disabled
(©) Differently Abled
‘Ans. Option (A) is correct.
Explanation: In 1980, the first governing body for
the Paralympic Movement was formed. It was
known as International Coordination Committee
‘of World Sports Organisations for the Disabled
(CC). In 1989, ICC was replaced by International
Paralympic Committee (IPC).
Q.6. The ‘was previously called as World
Games for the Deaf.
(A) Deaflympics
@) Paralympics
(©) Differently Abled Olympics
(D) Specially Abled Olympics
‘Ans. Option (A) is correct.
Explanation: The Deaflympics (previously called
(B) Specially Abled
(D) Unabled.
WO SUBJECTIVE TYPE
Q.1. When and where the Deaflympics were held?
‘Ans. Deaflympics were held in Paris in 1924 and were
also the frst ever international sporting events for
athletes with disability
Q.2. Who started the paralympic movement?
‘Ans. The Paralympic Movement was started by Sir
{Question Bank Chapterwise & Topicwise, PHYSICAL EDUCATION, Class-Xit
World Games for the Deaf and Interna
Games for the Deaf) are an International Oh
Committee (IOC)- sanctioned event at which
athletes compete at an elite level
Q.7, Deaflympians cannot be guided by
(A) Light (B) Camera
{C) Whistle (D) Signboara
‘Ans. Option (C) is correct.
Explanation: Unlike the athletes in other 1
sanctioned events (the Olympics, the Paralympigs
land the Special Olympics), the Deaflympics canny
be guided by sounds (eg, the starter’s
bullhorn commands, or referee whistles) becaus:
of the hearing impairment of the athletes,
[Ep assertion Reason
Directions : In the following questions, a statement,
of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of
Reason (R). Mark the correct choice as:
(A) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, and Reason
@ isthe conect explanation of Assertion (A).
(B) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but
Reason (R) is not the correct explanation’ of
Assertion (A).
(©) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
(D) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true,
Q.1. Assertion (A): Paralympic Games are a major
international multi-sport event for the athletes
with special needs such as athletes with mobility
impairments, amputations, blindness, and cerebral
palsy.
Reason (R): Paralympic Games are held at an
interval of every two years following the Olympic
Games.
‘Ans. Option (C)is correct.
Explanation: Paralympics are held at the same
interval as Olympics, that is, every four years.
Q.2. Assertion (A): Deaflympics are organised for
athletes with hearing impairments.
Reason (R): Mos ofthe Deaflympics are guided by
referee's whistle.
‘Ans. Option (C) is correct.
Explanation: Unlike the athletes in other IOC
sanctioned events (the Olympics, the Paralympics
and the Special Olympics), the Deaflympies cannot
be guided by sounds (e.g., the starter’s guns
bullhorn commands, or referee whistles).
tion
eay
QUESTIONS
Luding Gutmann and the movement finally
developed into Paralympic Games.
. How Special Olympics Bharat help individuals
with intellectual disability?
Special Olympics Bharat helps individual by giving
them continuing opportunities to develop physic#l
fitness, demonstrate courage, experience joy
Participate in sharing of gifts, skills and friendsbiP
‘ith their families, other Special Olympics athlete>
and the community. PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND SPORTS FOR CWSN
44, How Deaflympions can be guided oraddressed in
the oly
ans: Deaflympions can not be guided! by sounds so
faternative methods are used to address the
athletes.
For eg the football referees wave a flag inst
bowingsa whistle, on the track, races are started by
alight, instead of using a starting pistol
sad of
using
Short Answer Type
Questions-I (2 marks each)
1. Explain about Paralympic Games.
Games are a_major international
‘ans. Paralympi
hletes with special
rmultisport event for the
heeds such as athletes with mobility impairments
Tmputations, blindness and cerebral pal
Paralympic Games are held at an interval of
every four years following the Olympic Games.
‘These games are governed by the International
Paralympic Committee. The first Paralympic
‘Games were held in Rome in 1960.
However the Paralympic word was used officially
in 1988 Summer Olympic Games which were held
in Seoul. These were Summer Paralympic Games.
‘The first Winter Paralympic Games were held in
1976in Sweden. The Winter Paralympic Games are
also held after every four years.
Q.2 Waite a short note on Deaflympics.
Ass. The Deaflympics (previously called World Games
forthe Deaf and International Games for the Deaf)
are an International Olympic Committee (1OC)-
sanctioned event at which deaf athletes compete
atan clite level. Unlike the athletes in other IOC
sanctioned events (the Olympics, the Paralympics
and the Special Olympics), the Deaflympics cannot
be guided by sounds (eg, the starter’s guns,
bullhorn commands or referee whistles).
QL Write a detailed note on Special Olympics Bharat.
‘Ans. Special Olympics Bharat is a movement that
uses sports a5 a catalyst to transform the lives of
shildzen and adults with intellectual disability. It is
the world’s largest sports organisation providing
Year-round training and competitions. Special
Olympics competitions are held every day, all
‘round the world-including, local, national and
regional competitions.
ies competitions include the Special Olympics
Word Game, which allerate between summer
ind “winter games. Special Olympics World
fies are held every four years, Special Olympics
rams are available for athletes free of charge.
People with intellectual disabilities are encouraged
to join Special Olympics for the physical activity,
rr the rate of cardiovascular
which helps low
mong other health benefits
disease and obesi
‘Also, they gain many emotional and psychological
benefits, including self-confidence, social
ence, building greater athletic skills and
The motivations for joining,
compe
higher sel
the Special Olympics vary from one individual to
the next; yet, there are common themes among
individuals and their families that encourage them
to either participate or abstain from the Special
Olympics.
sdals are awarded to the first,
inners in each event
athletes who finish in
SZcond and third place w
Sha ribbons ae awarded to
fourth through eight place
Symbol of Special Olympics Bharat
Special Ar AIR
Olympics £ o
Bharat aK
®
The Special Olympics logo has gone through
sever changes in its lifetime, The “stick figure”
se abstnct but humanistic form designed t0
Convey the impression of movement and activity.
‘The logo fs a symbol of grovth, confidence and
joy among children and adults with disabilities
Wyo ae eaming coordination, mastering skills,
participating, in competitions and preparing
amatves for richer, more productive lives. The
spherical appearance ofthe logoisa representation
of Special Olympics’ global outreach.
Oath of Special Olympics Bharat:
The Special Olympics athlete's onthis‘Let me win
Bat iftcannot win, let me be brave in the attempt.”
It was first introduced by Eunice Kennedy Shriver
at the inaugural Special Olympics international
‘games in Chicago in 1968.
Special Olympics Bharat offers training and
competition opportunities in 24 Olympicstyle
individual and team sports for persons with
intellectual disabilities. They organise traning and
‘competitions at local, district, state and national
and international levels. The best performers are
referred to as the selected probables. They attend
National Coaching Camps supported by the
Sports Authority of India to prepare for
imernational competitive events. Over 23750
athletes have participated in the National Games
since 2002 ppank Chapterwise
| al -= cnse Question
Advantages of Physical Ac
& Topiewise, PHY'
SICAL EDUCATION, Cass-XI
tivities for Children with)
ies to Make Physical Ag!
Special Needs and Strateg) M
Topic-2 tivities Assessa!
ple for Children with Special Needg,|
tratagies to male physica acta)
Concepts Covered + Physical activities for WS
} Physical Activities for Children with Special
Needs:
+ Physical Activity
Meh, te Tee
Department of Health and | “this top
Human Services, USA,
physical activity generally
refers to movement that
enhances health. It means
the movement of the body
that uses energy. Walking,
running, dancing,
swimming, yoga and
gardening are a few examples of physical
activity, For health benefits, physical activity
should be moderate or vigorous intensity
+ Bercise is a type of physical activity that
is planned and structured. Lifting weights,
taking an aerobics class and playing on a
spors team are examples of exercise
+ Advantages of Physical Activities for
Children with Special Needs
(@) It strengthens the heart muscle thereby
improving cardiovascular efficiency, lung,
efficiency and exercise endurance. This
helps in controlling repetitive behaviours
among disabled children.
(ii) Besides improving fitness, physical
activity develops social relationships with
other children, teammates and teachers.
(iii) This brings positive changes in the social
behaviour of these children.
(iv) It helps to improve energy level in the
body. Regular physical activity often
‘makes children more energetic and allows
them to become active.
(¥) It regulates blood pressure, cholesterol
level and diabetes.
(vi) Physical activity reduces stress level
(vil It helps to control weight. The children
with disabilities are not physically active
‘ormay have deficit ofcalories, which takes
fat away and lowers weight and regular
exercises help in regulating weight
(iti) Physical activities help in improving muscle
strength coordination and flexibility among
disabled children,
‘programs for
ren with
soable for children with special
(ox) This also improves motor ski bin
better balance and body awareness which
is lacking in these children.
f0) Physical exercise finds an outlet ip
channelise the physical energy which
helps these children to cope with stres,
anxiety and depression.
(ai) Physical activity enhances the metabolism
of brain in the children. It leads tp
cognitive improvement in children with
spedal needs allowing them to acqute
new skills, learn new things and focus on
specific goals.
di) Physical activity decreases anxiety,
reduces depression, and improves mood
and outlook in children. In addition, ther
{quality of sleep is also improved.
Strategies to Make Physical Acti
for Children with Special Needs: The various
strategies or ways by which physical activities can
be made accessible for children with special needs
are as follows
+ Sensory Integration: The first two things we
always notice about physical education classes
are the loud music and fluorescent lightsin the
‘gym. These are major barriers to students with
some type of neurological differences. Many
students are also sensitive to light like bright
sunlight outdoors and the sound of squeaking
sneakers on the gym floor. The music problem
is easy to solve-lower the volume or turnitoft
Sound proof headphones may also be used
indoors and sunglasses can be used outdoor
Schools may find other indoor lighting options
that are most cost effective, taking advantage
of green energy incentives for LED light bulls
‘or simply shutting of some light and relying
more on natural lighting,
Positive Behaviour: Behaviour is always #
concern in physical education classes wher®
there’s plenty of movement and incidents
can happen in rapid succession. Postit®
Behaviour Interventions or Support (PBIS) ®
a systematically proven method to preve
negative behaviours and increase health)
interactions. Behavioural ;
are explained from the beginning wit
support such as picture scheduler. Thet
the class material is taught through positi”®
interactions.
vueurniea wie + Team building: Physical Education is the
perfect opportunity for team building
exercises. Instead of competitive games, the
lass can focus on creative games that only
succeed when a whole team works together.
Hard surfaces such as concrete
and asphalt may be dangerous for individuals
with dyspraxia and softer such as sand or
wood chips make it difficult to manoeuvre a
wheelchair. Gym surfaces and outdoor mats
Can be used to make physical activity more
accessible for the children with special needs.
Another way is to level the playing field by
having the whole class play a game such as
sitting volleyball or scooter soccer.
Inclusive Classrooms: It means development
of education laws in such a way that children
with special needs get education within the
normal classrooms along with other children
so that they are well accepted in society.
+ Assistive Technology: It refers to creating
devices, tools or equipment that help children
with special needs to participate in learning
aclivities like bigger balls, balls with bells,
balls attached to strings to bring it back to the
students etc.
+ Adaptive Physical Education: Depending on
student's disability, a separate, adaptive class
By Multiple Choice Questions
(0.1. Physical activity increases
{A) Sleep hours
(©) Laziness
‘Ans. Option (B) is correct.
Explanation: Physical activity increases appetite in
ctildren. It helps to control weight. The children
with disabilities are not physically active or may
have deficit of calories, which takes fat away
and lowers weight and regular exercises help in
regulating weight.
.2 Physical Education is the perfect opportunity for
i (o)
(8) Appetite
(D) Intellect
exercises.
(A) Isotonie (B) Isometric
(© Isokinetic (©) Team building
os expressions are explained from the
beginning with support such as picture scheduler.
(A) Accessibility (8) Behaviour
(© Team Building (D) Allof these
4% Option (B) is correct.
Enplanation: Behavioral expressions are explained
from the beginning with support such as picture
Scheduler Then the dass material is taught through
Positive interactions
OR in pl ei
eee
VE Se ee ec
‘or modifications within a game, changing the
rules of the game or sport to some extent can
help the students in a big way.
+ Creating Specific Environment: Students
with special needs can be provided with
specific play area with special requirements
‘a: needed by them, Loud music, glaring lights
Often cannot be tolerated by these children, 30
8 lot of natural lighting should be there.
+ Focus on Creative Games: Instead of competitive
games and physical activities, the stratery
B to develop creative games. This helps in
feat bai, and. cooperation and. prevents
a and boosts the
unnecessary competition
confidence of these children. ;
+ Accommodations and Modification: Since
iidren_ with
the individual needs of the chil
special needs are different, it is essential for
the teachers to modify the teaching, strategies
in order to accommodate the children with
disabilities. Therefore, constant modification
land accommodation is required.
+ Professional Courses: Developing more
professional courses and teacher certification
programs for teaching physical education
Fo children with special needs is essential to
popularise the adaptive physical education
programme.
| (mark each)
[EG Assertion & Reason
Directions : In the following questions, a statement
‘of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of
Reason (R). Mark the correct choice as:
(A) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, and Reason
(®)is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(B) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but
Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of
Assertion (A)
(©) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
{D) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.
Q.1. Assertion: Physical Education is the perfect
‘opportunity for team building exercises.
Reason: Instead of competitive games, the class can
focus on creative games that only succeed when a
whole team works together.
‘Ans. Option (B) is correct
‘Assertion: Behaviour is always a concern in
physical education classes where there's plenty
Of movement and incidents can happen in rapid
succession.
Reason: Negative Behaviour Interventions or
Support is a systematically proven method to
prevent positive behaviours and increase healthy
Interactions.
‘Ans. Option (C) is correct.
lanation: Positive Behaviour Interventions or
Support (PBIS) is a systematically proven method.
to t negative behaviours and increase
healthy interactions “ Ya" :
Very Short Answer Type
Questions (lmark each)
Q.1. Explain how Adaptive physical education can
help children with special needs.
‘Ans. Depending on student's disability, a separate,
adaptive class or modifications within 2 game,
changing the rules of the game or sport to some
faxtent can help the students or children with
special needs, in a big way.
2.2. Write any two advantages of physical activities for
children with special needs
Ans. (i) It strengthens the heart muscle thereby
improving cardiovascular efficiency, lung
efficiency and exercise endurance. This helps
in controlling repetitive behaviours among
disabled childrens
(i) 1t regulates blood pressure, cholesterol level
and diabetes.
Q.3.How team building spirit can be developed
through physical education?
‘Ans. Physical Education is the perfect opportunity for
team building exercises. Instead Of competitive
games the class can focus on creative gant that
Snly succeed when a whole team works together
24. What isthe concept of Inclusive education?
‘Ans. Itmeans development of education las in such
‘way that children with special neds get education
Within the normal classrooms along, with other
children 0 that they are well accepted in society.
Short Answer Type
@ Questions-I (2 marks each)
Q.1. Define physical activity.
‘Ans. According to the Department of Health and Human
Services, USA, physical activity generally refers
to movement that enhances health. It means the
movement of the body that uses energy. Walking,
running dancing swimming, yoga and gardening
are a few examples of physical activity. For healt
benefits, physical activity should be moderate ot
vigorous intensity.
Q.2. What role is played by positive behaviour for
making physical activities assessable for children
with special needs?
‘Ans. Behaviour is alwaysa concern in physical education
classes where there's plenty of movement and
incidents can happen in rapid succession. Positive
Behaviour Interventions or Support (PBIS) is a
systematically proven method to prevent negative
behaviours and increase healthy interactions,
Behavioural expressions are explained from the
beginning with support such as picture scheduler.
Then the class material is taught through positive
interactions,
PN Short Answer Type
@ Questions-II (S marks each)
Q.1. Plan a strategy for making physical activity
assessable for Children with Special Need,
[CBSE SQP 2020-21]
|) MMMM] 50. oa: case overton Bank Charersis & Topics, PRYSICAL EDUCATION cists x
Ans.
Ans.
© hes gestion a for rat ad lions ar valine wed fe ager
Give any three, otsiegies) @htmait
activities assessable for childcen with? %
needs