Barrister

/ˈber.ə.stɚ/
a type of lawyer in the UK, Australia, and some other
countries who can give specialized legal advice and
can argue a case in both higher and lower courts

Ex: Defence barristers say they are also experiencing

problems in getting legal aid funding to fight cases.

Luật sư tranh tụng (n)

 Property
/ˈprɒp.ə.ti/
an object or objects that belong to someone:

Ex: Accepting stolen property is against the law.

Tài sản (n)

 Repayment
/rɪˈpeɪ.mənt/

the act of repaying someone or something:

Ex: The bank demanded immediate repayment.

Sự hoàn dần nợ,

sự trả lại khoản vay (n)
 Breach
/briːtʃ/
an act of breaking a law, promise, agreement, or
relationship:

Ex: He was sued for breach of contract.

Sự vi phạm (n)
 Insolvency
/ɪnˈsɒl.vən.si/
a situation in which a person or company does not
have enough money to pay debts, buy goods, etc.:

Ex: The decision to file for insolvency rather than

bankruptcy provides protection against creditors.

Sự phá sản, mất khả năng thanh toán (n)

 Contentious
/kənˈten.ʃəs/
causing , involving, or likely to cause disagreement
and argument:

Ex: She has some very contentious views on

education.
Có thể tranh chấp,
có thể khởi kiện (a)
 Litigation
/ˌlɪt.ɪˈɡeɪ.ʃən/
the process of taking a case to a court of law so that a
judgment can be made:

Ex: Both sides agreed to the settlement to avoid the

expense of litigation.

Sự kiện tụng (n)

 Come into force
/fɔːs/
is the process by which legislation, regulations,
treaties and other legal instruments come to have
legal force and effect.

Ex: New driving regulations are going to come into

force this year.

Có hiệu lực (v)

 County Court
/ˌkaʊn.ti ˈkɔːt/
a local law court in England and in some parts of the US
that deals with cases that do not involve serious crime

Ex: I do not know whether it is a real advantage that

solicitors are allowed to take cases in the county court.

Tòa địa hạt

(Tòa án địa phương) (n)
 High Court
/ˌhaɪ ˈkɔːt/
a law court in England and Wales for trials of civil
rather than criminal cases and where decisions made
in local courts can be considered again

Ex: He can bring proceedings for a High Court injunction

to stop the publication of a misleading advertisement.

Tòa dân sự tối cao (n)

 Judge
/dʒʌdʒ/
a person who is in charge of a trial in a court and
decides how a person who is guilty of a crime should be
punished, or who makes decisions on legal matters:

Ex: The judge will pronounce sentence on the

defendant this afternoon.

Thẩm phán (n)

 Obligation
/ˌɒb.lɪˈɡeɪ.ʃən/
the fact that you are obliged to do something:

Ex: If you have not signed a contract, you are under

no obligation to pay them any money.

Nghĩa vụ (n)
 Adhere to
/ədˈhɪər/
to continue to obey a rule or have a belief:

Ex: They failed to adhere to the terms of the

agreement/treaty.

Tuân theo, tuân thủ (v)

 Supplement
/ˈsʌp.lɪ.mənt/
to add more people or things to an activity or process
in order to improve it:

Ex: Legal controls have been supplemented by

financial controls, especially over capital expenditure.

Bổ sung (v)
 Claim
/kleɪm/
to officially request payment from someone who is
responsible for an injury, loss, etc.:

Ex: A breach of warranty will give the purchaser the

right to claim damages from the vendor.

Sự đòi, sự yêu sách (n)

 Initiate
/ɪˈnɪʃ.i.eɪt/
to cause something to begin:

Ex: Hague initiated a series of reforms of the

Conservative Republican Party.

Bắt đầu (v)

 Summons
/ˈsʌm.ənz/
an official demand to appear in a court of law:

Ex: He was given/served with a summons to appear in

court.

Trát đòi hầu tòa (n)

 Claimant
/ˈkleɪ.mənt/
a person who goes to court to make a legal complaint
against someone else:

Ex: The claimant commenced this action to recover

damages that were sustained while working for the
defendant.

Nguyên đơn (n)

 Order
/ˈɔː.dər/
a statement made by a court of law or an official
authority saying that something must be done:

Ex: The company was forced to stop selling insurance

in May after the order which was issued by Florida's
Insurance Department.
Lệnh (n)
 Issue
/ˈɪʃ.uː/
(n) a question that people still disagree about after all
sides have argued for their clients in court:
(v) to start a legal process:

Ex: The judge issued a writ of possession, an order that

allowed the bank to take possession of the collateral.

Ban hành (v)

(n) vấn đề (đang tranh cãi, đang kiện cáo)
 Serve
/sɜːv/
to give a legal document to someone, demanding that
they go to a law court or that they obey an order:

Ex: Each person served with a summons will be given six

weeks before they have to appear in the Magistrates' Court.

Tống đạt (v)

 Defendant
/dɪˈfen.dənt/
a person in a law case who is accused of having done
something illegal

Ex: The prosecutor must prove beyond a reasonable

doubt that the defendant is guilty.

Bị đơn, bị cáo (n)

 Admit
/ədˈmɪt/
if a court of law admits evidence or admits something
as evidence, it allows something to be used to decide
whether someone is guilty of a crime:

Ex: Prosecutors asked the court to admit the

recordings as evidence.
Thừa nhận (v)
 Admission
/ədˈmɪʃ.ən/
the act of agreeing that something is true, especially
unwillingly:

Ex: Her silence was taken as an admission of guilt.

Sự thú nhận (n)

 Defend
/dɪˈfend/
to act as a lawyer for someone who has been accused
of something in a court of law and try to prove that
they are not guilty:

Ex: The lawyer defending the students asked the

judge to dismiss the charges.

Biện hộ, bào chữa (v)

 Defence
/dɪˈfens/
an argument or explanation that you use to prove
that you are not guilty of something:

Ex: These people have died in the defence of liberty.

Sự bào chữa, sự biện hộ (n)

 Counterclaim
/ˈkaʊn.tər kleɪm/
a legal case that a person or an organization starts
against someone who has brought a case against them:

Ex: Dougherty filed a counterclaim, arguing that the

city had no right to regulate campaign cash under the
state constitution.
Sự phản tố (n)
 Judgment
/ˈdʒʌdʒ.mənt/
a final decision made by a judge in a court of law:

Ex: She won a $450,000 judgment after convincing

jurors she was subject to sexual harassment.

Bản án (n)
 Extension
/ɪkˈsten.ʃən/
the fact of reaching, stretching, or continuing; the act of
adding to something in order to make it bigger or longer:

Ex: The extension (= increasing) of police powers in

the province has been heavily criticized.

Sự gia hạn, gia tăng, sự mở rộng (n)

 Allocate
/ˈæl.ə.keɪt/
to give a particular amount of time, money, etc. to
someone or something, so that it can be used in a
particular way:

Ex: We have allocated €50,000 for printing and mailings.

Chỉ định, phân bổ

dùng (số tiền vào việc gì) (v)
 Procedural
/prəˈsiː.dʒər.əl/
relating to a set of actions that is the official, legal, or
accepted way of doing something:

Ex: The procedural changes were meant to simplify

the system, which had become too bureaucratic.

Thuộc thủ tục (a)

 Small claims
/smɔːl - kleɪm/
a request to a court for something that does not
involve a large amount of money but that you believe
you have a legal right to:

Ex: They can use the standard small claims procedure

to recover the expenses.
Vụ kiện đòi số tiền nhỏ (n)
 Disclosure
/dɪˈskləʊ.ʒər/
private, personal, or secret information that you must
tell to someone such as a court judge, the police, or a
government organization, or the duty to give them
this information:

Ex: Any public disclosure of this information would be

very damaging to the company.
Sự công khai thông tin (n)
 Inspection
/ɪnˈspek.ʃən/
an official visit to a building or organization to check
that everything is correct and legal:

Ex: The premises are subject to a full inspection by

Council officers each year.

Cuộc thanh tra, sự giám sát (n)

 Witness statements
/ˈwɪtnəs ˈsteɪtmənt/

a formal statement by a witness describing what they

saw

Ex: Half a dozen uniformed officers to take witness

statements from parents.

Lời khai nhân chứng (n)

 Case management
conferences
A Case management Conference (CMC) is part of the court
procedure. It is a meeting between the judge and the parties
(the Plaintiff and the Defendant). If a party has a lawyer
representing him or her, the lawyer may also attend. It is not a
trial. Therefore, no witnesses are required to attend and there
will not be a determination of who should be successful.

Cuộc họp quản lý vụ kiện (n)

 Review
/rɪˈvjuː/
to carefully examine a situation to find out whether
changes or improvements need to be made:

Ex: The laws governing the possession of firearms are

being reviewed.

Rà soát (v)
 Enforce
/ɪnˈfɔːs/
to make people obey a law, or to make a particular
situation happen or be accepted:

Ex: It is the job of the inspectors to enforce

compliance with the regulations.

Thi hành (v)

 Magistrates' Court
/ˈmædʒ.ɪ.streɪt kɔːt/
a court that deals with crimes that are not serious:

Ex: The council can apply to the magistrates' court for

a warrant to enter the premises.

Tòa pháp quan (Tòa trị an)

(n)
 Plaintiff
/ˈpleɪn.tɪf/
a person or company that makes a legal complaint
about someone else in a court of law:

Ex: The plaintiff claimed damages for the financial

losses suffered through breach of copyright.

Nguyên đơn, người khởi kiện (n)