S.No.
3152                               17PMA14
(For the candidates admitted from 2017–2018 onwards)
 M.Sc. DEGREE EXAMINATION, NOVEMBER 2020.
                     Fourth Semester
                      Mathematics
                     GRAPH THEORY
Time : Three hours                  Maximum : 75 marks
          SECTION A — (10 × 2 = 20 marks)
                Answer ALL questions.
1.   Define simple graph.
2.   Define path.
3.   Define connectivity.
4.   Define tree.
5.   Define matching
6.   Define independent set.
7.   Define vector colouring.
8.   State chromatic number.
9.    Define exterior face.
10.   State Euler’s formula.
            SECTION B — (5  5 = 25 marks)
                  Answer ALL questions.
11.   (a)   Prove that in any graph the number of
            vertices of odd degree is even.
                              Or
      (b)   Write short notes on Incidence and Adjacency
            matrices with example.
12.   (a)   If G is a tree then show that e  v  1 .
                              Or
      (b)   Show that a connected graph is a tree if and
            only if every edge is a cutedge.
13.   (a)   Let M be a matching and k be a covering such
            that M  k , then prove that M is maximum
            matching and k is a minimum covering.
                              Or
      (b)   If   0 then show that       v .
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14.   (a)   If G is k-critical then prove that f g   k  1 .
                              Or
      (b)   Prove that in a critical graph G. no vertex cut
            is a clique.
15.   (a)   If the girth k of a connected plane graph is at
                                          kn  1
            least 3, then prove that m            .
                                           k2
                              Or
      (b)   Prove that every planar graph is 6 vertex
            colourable.
            SECTION C — (3  10 = 30 marks)
              Answer any THREE questions.
16.   If a simple graph G is not connected, then show
      that G C is connected.
17.   A graph G with at least 3 vertices is 2-connected if
      and only if 2 vertices of C are connected by at least
      2 IDP.
18.   State and prove Hall’s theorem.
19.   State and prove Brook’s theorem.
20.   Prove that K 5 is non planar graph.
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