Rise of Dictatorship
CAUSES OF RISE OF
FASCISM ★ Political instability
★ Discontentment of the treaty of ○ Democracy was introduced
versailles
in italy in 1919
○ Italy joined the allies in
○ Elections failed to give clear
WW1 to gain territories in
majority to a single party
turkey and germany
○ As a result there was
○ But by the treaty of
political instability in italy
versailles they could only
between 1919 to 1922
get southern tyrol trentino
○ There were 6 coalition
and coastal regions of
governments that were
dalmatia
formed
○ They couldn't get any parts
○ Various political parties had
or german or turkish colonial
different policies and
empire
programmes
★ Economic crisis
○ and there was no continuity
○ Italy suffered loss of life and
in their policies
property in WWI
○ They were unable to deal
○ Many soldiers became
with problems of
unemployed
unemployment stikes and
○ Trade and commerce was
riots that took place in 1921
ruined leading to large scale
to 1922.
unemployment
○ The fascist completely
○ There was a shortage of
exploited this situation by
food grains
promising a nation with a machines and took over
stable government factories
★ Class conflicts ○ Communists began devising
○ Class conflicts increased in plans to take over the
many countries after WWI government
○ The main problem in many ○ People wanted a powerful
european countries was leadership to esablitsh
weather the control of peace and security by
government and economic ending lawlessness and
systems would be under insecurity prevalent in italy
aristocrats or under less ○ The industrialists provided
privileged majorities financial support to fascism
○ During the war the common ★ Failure of league of nations
man had been promisd more ○ After WWI league of
attention to their economical nations was established to
needs maintain peace and prevent
○ These requests were war
ignored and the common ○ It was weak and failed to
man was embittered achieve its aims
★ Threat of socialism and communism ○ It failed to check the rise of
○ The socialists include the dictatorships
anarchists communists and ○ Had it worked properly the
social democrats who plans of hitler and musolinni
created conditions conducive would have not materialised
to fascism ★ Leadership provided by mussolini
○ Communists flamed the ○ Mussolini played an
atmosphere with important role on the history
revolutionary ideas of italy
○ Peasants took land from ○ His speeches praised the
landlords workmen past glory of italy and won
organized strikes destroyed the faith of his country men
○ Mussolini was called the ★ Growing fear of communism
duce meaning the leader ○ After the bolshevik
revolution in russia the
CAUSES FOR THE RISE OF communist influence in
NAZISM germany increased
considerably
★ Humiliating treaty of versailles
○ The communists succeeded
○ They defeat in first world
in capturing a number of
war and conditions of the
seats in reichstag
treaty of versailles made
○ Hitler warned people that
germans feel humiliated and
the communists of germany
helpless
would become the servants
○ They looked down upon the
of their russian masters
weimar republic who signed
○ He persuaded that nazism
the humiliating treaty of
alone could check the rise of
versailles
communism in germany
○ The were forced to give
★ Economic crisis
away large chunks of land to
○ As a result of the harsh
france belgium poland and
terms of the treaty of
denmark
versailles germany suffered
○ Their overseas colonies
in food production colonies
were divided among the
foreign investment and trade
allies
contracts
○ These sentiments were
○ Foreign countries raised
exploited by hitler
tariffs against german goods
○ He encouraged germans to
○ No of unemployed people
consign the treaty of
increased and conditions of
versailles and rebuild the
farmers became miserable
empire of germany and to
○ Hitler promised the farmers
recapture the lost colonies
he would condone their
debts
○ He won over capitalists by WWI and could repeat it
assuring them that again
industries would not be ○ They told germans that the
nationalized reason for their hardships
○ The nazis exploited the was the jews who
situation and assured people dominated german economy
that if they if they abide by ★ Absence of a strong opposition
nazi ideology then their ○ The nazi party in germany
misery would come to an did not have any strong
end and germany would opposition
regain her glory ○ As a result they did not
★ Resurgence of militant nationalism encounter any stiff
○ Germans could not reconcile resistance any its popularity
with the democratic reached great heights
parliamentary system in ★ Establishment of volunteer corps
their country ○ As per the treaty of
○ They prefer prestige and versailles a large part of
glory over liberty and germans military force was
freedom reduced
○ They felt that only a strong ○ Alot of german soldiers
man could restore the past were unemployed
prestige of germany and ○ Hitler brought then together
check communism forming the volunteer corps
★ The anti semitic propaganda to work fo the nazis
○ The anti semitic propaganda ★ Charismatic personality of hitler
by the nazis also contributed ○ Had all the qualities of a
to hitlers popularity popular leader
○ Nazis described jews as ○ Shrewd politician and brave
traitors solider
○ They said that jews ○ Gifted orator who captivated
conspired with the allies in germans by his emotional
speeches
○ He knew the art of moulding
public opinion to his favour
based on the circumstances
○ He told the germans what
they wanted to hear --give
examples
○
