NASAIN THIS UNIT YOU LEARN HOW Tt + describe places you stayed in tay th problems in hot talk about imagined situations talk about past habits SPEAKING 1 Workin groups. Look at the photo of a planned new resort and discuss the questions. Do you think it's a g why are the big 1 been to any re you stay? What aid you 2 Workin pairs. Discuss the questions. ation price ch of these things are most important / least Ps ce aBOOKING A ROOM VOCABULARY Places to stay LISTENING 1 Complete the sentences with the collocations in 5 EMEEL Listen to a phone conversation. David is the box phoning a hotel for a friend who wants to visit Z — Dublin with his wife and small child. Look at the [bebysting sevice provides mens] questions David wants to ask. Then listen and ; | piven Pavpanerent | sete down the information. hosted poet reduced rate | | Incucing breakfast share a room a fos re wm? Eee a How much for everyone? 1 Itonly cost €200 to rent for the week because it was. ie i stil te With breakfast? | 2 Itwas £50 a night fora double room Dates: Prefer 128 — 7 August | 3 Itnormally costs $25 a night with electricity, but Cae hive cheaper from hotel? | there wasa—— for groups. ; 4 Theyhada___ so.we left the kids and went pee cout on our own a couple of rights epost? 5 twas cifcultto___beeauze the ground was | sohard {6 There was a kitchen the guests could use, but they 6 EMERY Work in pairs and compare your notes. pees ‘Then listen again and check, 7 tthada——_in the tving oom, which was nice. Look at the audio seript for Track 58 on 8 We didnt have to__with ots of other page 202. Underline five words or phrases that people. They had some smaller family rooms. {you think are useful to learn, Compare what you f 9 There was a___ which was shared by the. chose with a partner. vole block, 10 You had to walk a long way to get to the toilet and DEVELOPING CONVERSATIONS but at least there was plenty of not water. 11 thedqute but he chen ves ck nc loons Apsegeing 12 Theycharged alot fortnieret access inthe com, |W es tag ed | burhore wae inte reception area _. || 2 Match each sentence in Exercise Ito one of Toreplyt quesions, we we fd not aad so these places. focenun mae sanare ——— 0: And breaks cued 00? ! ‘anapartment acampste _ahostel _ahotel eect ope R: Fm afraid not. t's 125 with breokfost. } 3 Work in groups. Can you think of: : Soi for whatever reason, they didn't come, they'd ose | two other things you can share in 8 hostel? ‘that money? two oer kinds of oom ina hotel? B: fmol ge. Te compte payment mode on aria il 2 2 two other services a hotel or hostel provides? , 8 Workin pairs. Take turns asking these 4 two other things that can be Included in the price Twestions. Your partner should seply with I'm 5 two reasons you get @ reduced rate? afraid so or I'm afraid not and add a comment. 6 the opposite of putting up a tent? Isthere free wisi? Do I need to pay afee If cancel? Is the swimming pool heated? 7 when the low and high season isin your country? 4° Work in pairs. Think of a hotel, apartment, hostel or camping site you stayed at. Tell your partner about it. Would you recommend it? ‘Why? / Why not? Can we make a fire on the campsite? Did Itreject my credit card again? ‘Ace there any tickets left fr tonight's performance? Js I going to rain again tomorrow? Can't you do something about it?10 Work in groups. You have three minutes to write as many things as you can that a hotel employee might say to guests using I’m afraid. Which group can think of the most sentences? Which group has the funniest ones? EME Listen to the receptionist taking another customer's credit card details. Complete the form below. Name on the card: Card number: Security number: Expiry date, Contact number: PRONUNCIATION [EEG Listen to the alphabet and put the letters next to the correct vowel sound. 12 Invent some card details like the ones in Exercise 10 and write them on a piece of paper ‘Then work in pairs. Take turns asking for and giving these details. Note down your partner's details and compare them with what your partner wrote, CONVERSATION PRACTICE 13 You are going to have two conversations similar to the ones you heard in Exercise 5. Student A: read the role card in File 4 on page 1 Student B: read the role card in File 12 on pa ‘Think about what information you need and write down the questions you want to ask. 14 Take turns being the receptionist and the customer ringing for information. Roleplay the conversations. The receptionist should apologise for at least two things using I’m afraid. Start like this: isu 0a IE Unit 10 Places to stay 89WE'LL DEAL WITH IT RIGHT AWAY SPEAKING Work in groups. Discuss the questions. ht people have in a hotel? How VOCABULARY Solving hotel problems Match the sentences (110) with the follow-up questions (a-j). Check you understand the words in bold in the sentences. 1ere's a lot of neise outside our 1o0r bolting 4 Are you sure you don't have a record of my booking? 5 Ive forgotten my toothbrush and toothpaste a morning free for sightseeing, eon upset stomach, > fou give me a wake-up call book a taxi? Id you tell me what the bill includes re change rooms? ould you eheek again pe 9 Do you have anything that will help, ors there a chemist re h Is there any way I can turn down the heating? fou send someone up to have a look at it vould you recommend going? 0 Spend a few minutes memorising the questions in Exercise 2. Then work in pairs and test each other, Student A: say a sentence (1-10) from Exercise 2 Student B: close your book. Say the follow-up question Work with a new partner. Choose four problems from Exercise 2 and roleplay the conversations. ‘Take turns to be the guest and the receptionist. LISTENING Work in pairs. Look at the photos. Discuss how they might be connected to problems with a hotel guest. What do you think the guest asks for?6 EMM Listen to a conversation between a guest 11 and a hotel receptionist. Check your ideas from Exercise 5. Can the receptionist give the guest what they ask for? 7 EMEEI Put the sentences in the order you heard them in the conversation. Then listen again and check your ideas. 2. im atraid that’s just not possible. b We realy didnt have much time to prepare them. © {doubt ican find one. tm calling on behalf of Lady Zaza, ©. You've got hundreds of rooms inthis place. f sure that f she was, she's tell you exactly the same thing, 19 There was no way we could stay in that last place. hh I make sure they're taken out. 8 Which of the adjectives below do you think describe Lady Zaza? Work in pairs and compare your ideas. Explain your choices. [ambitious demanding lazy _selish ity 9 Work in groups. Discuss these questions. + Can you think of any other adjectives to describe 12 Lagy Za2a? Do you know anyone else with these characteristics? + Have you ever heard of anyone else making similar ‘demands? What did they ask for? + Why do you think people make demands like this? + Why do you think people agree to these demands? Would you? GRAMMAR eee Second conditionals ‘Second consitionals are sentences of two parts. The if prt uses past tenses to talk about Imagined situations, oF things thet are unlikely or impossible; the vrouls part gives the imagined results or further actions. 13 10 Look at the sentences from the conversation, Answer the questions below each one. 2 She'd be very lit she ate one by mistake. 4 Is she i? Is it tkely that she will eat a chocolate with ruts? Why not? b would move them if could. 2. Does he want to move the people from the room below? Can he move them? C= Complete the sentences with the correct form of, the verbs in brackets. 1 don't think |___so calm i1__deal with someone like Lady Zaza. 'd probably say something rude to them. (be, have to) 2 Tobe honest, | dont really ike camping. |_ int the money to stay in hotels, but that’s too expensive with a family. (never do, nave) 3 The hotel was awful! Honestly, |__ there again even ifyou mei fnot stay, pay) 4. A: The hotel was very noisy because of al he bars on the street 8: Really? a review on the web if {y0U. IES good to warn other people. ipost, be) 5 A: Which 2 Moscow or St Petersburg? We don't realy Rave time to visit both. (you recommend) B: Difficult! They're both great, but choose, to St Petersburg, just because the trafic sn'tas bad. (lave to, probably go) 6 A: Ifyou ony visit one place in your county, where would it be? (can) B: Probably New York. There's so much to see and ao there, Complete each sentence 1-5 in two different ‘ways using your own ideas. Then work in ‘groups and share your ideas. 1 IfIhad more money, fd 2 I wouldn't even ifyou paid me! 2 If had to choose between _ané Va 4 If could only — rd 5 Hiwasa't aft, Work in pairs. Look at these situations. Discuss how would you react and what you would do. Explain why. 1 You're a receptionist and a customer is refusing to aay for the drinks he has taken from the minibar in Fis foom. He says he did't take any and is getting quite angry 2 You'te ina hotel and you can't get to sleep because of noise next door 3 You're camping, Its raining and water is coming in through your tent. 4 You'e sharing a kitchen in a hostel and you see ‘someone leave their cirty dishes. 5 You've rented an apartment and the air conditioning Is broken, It's Boling and the owner of the aparment isn't answering their phone. 6 You'e a cleaner, and you find $100 left on the bed when you are cleaning the room aftr a guest has left. pr Unit 10 Places to stay 91BEST HOLIDAY EVER! ‘SPEAKING 1 Look at the different kinds of holidays for primary school children. Rank them from 1 (best holiday for kids) to 6 (worst holiday) + going to Disneyland with the family + going to stay with relatives in the countysi¢e + going with other kids to @ summer camp + going camping with parents renting a place near the beach with the whole family + two weeks with parents in a hotel in a foreign city 2 Work in groups. Explain your choices. Discuss what's good / bad about each kind of holiday. READING 3. Read the series of messages from a social media site on page 93. Find out: 11 why Merk started the thread about holidays. 2 two ways Zinaida’s holidays were different to kids holidays today. which three people often stayed near water who had a close encounter with danger iho has nice memories of cooking. who sometimes stayed in a theme park wha suffered a loss, who spent two weeks with each set of relatives every year 9 who last went somewhere over 20 years ago ~ and why they're going back. 4 Match the verbs 1-8 with the words (ah) they ‘were used with on the social media page. Can you remember who used these words - and why? 1 messaround a onthe fence 2 st for tong walks 2 tent breakfast on the terrace 4 limo 9 acottage 5 have fe bythe river 6 get f chickens 7 scare 9 atree 8 go h bored GRAMMAR Je ae used to Wie often use (nevor) used fo + infinitive (without to instesc ‘ofthe past simple to describe past habits or states — ‘especialy to talk about things that have changed since, Used! to does not have a present form. For habits inthe present, use the present simple + sometimes, never, two (oF three times 0 Week, et. n 5 Look at these sentences from the social media age and answer the questions below. My parents used te own an apartment on the beach b We went swimming al the time, We once made corntiake cakes. My som usually spends his summers like tis twas so strict. They used to take us on day trips. Which sentences describe past habits? Which sentences describe past states? ‘Which sentence describes a single event in the past? Which sentence describes a present habit? 6 Decide which of these sentences you can rewrite using (never) used to and rewrite them. 1 Ic like camping, but love it now. 2 I did judo when | was younger, but then | stopped, 3 We usually camp, but we rented a flat this year 4 He's quite ft and healthy now, but he smoked quite heavily when he was younger, 5 | had really long hair when | was at college, but | hac itcut shorta few years ago. 6 I's become very popular. It wasn't crowded before. PRONUNCIATION 7 EMEA Listen and check your answers to Exercise 6. Notice that used to is pronounced jjustay. 8 Work in groups. Tell each other about: + something you never used to like, but do now. + a place, activity or thing that used to be popular + three things you used to love doing and three things Yyou used to hate doing when you were a ki. + three things that have changed in your lite, SOUNDS AND VOCABULARY REVIEW 9 ERKEY Listen and repeat the sounds with /1/,/n, and /u:/. Are any of them difficult to hear or say? 10 EME Work in groups. Listen to eight sentences using the words below. Together, try to write them down, Then listen again and check. [ooking hotisy—m epost oo ‘money poo! toothbrush J 11 Work in teams. You have three minutes to write collocations / phrases for the words in Exercise 10.PAY Mark Reed fen tuning othe haldays this week Fst ime in more Ypy Stonec me thinking, Whore ia you a Shours ago 19, < a ® ‘o lace | spent my chidhood an two decades, pend your holicays Zinaida Vozgovea | used to spend holays with ‘ny grandparents out of town ~ thal meant lots of freah sit, messing around bythe ver. rsh ft and \vegetabies .. and ne TV or tachnelogy, wich Iypical for our Kids now Shours ago Like Biggi Wimmer Went totaly every vest. My parents used to ayn an the beach, We wont swimming al the time. Can't remember what my parents dd By re way, Mark. \ihare dd YOU use to go as a ki? Arc how come youre going back? hours ago Like Julia Tevetkova Used to spend a fright in a ty ‘lage out in the countrys in Siena. Sounds dul, but | naver used to get bored. Remember siting on the fence betore sunset, welching he cows being brought beck tothe vidga. And runing around tho fils after my do ... before the neighbours took hi ‘away tor scaring at chickens! hours ag0 Like Mark Reed Eastbourne on the south coast of England, Big. Used to be my favourte place the ‘world. Not sure eel the same anymore! Shours ago Like Christina Rebuttet-Broadus Wie altior went 10 Disneyncridin Florida or the Smoky Mountains in Tennessee inthe summer At Oisey, wo stayec in the Po}mesian Vilage. nthe Smokies, we used to rent a cottage inthe mountains. We woke up one ‘reening to Bnd black bear cling a ree near the trrage we used to have breakfast nl hour ago Like A ‘Mark Reed sulla so sad to hear about your doa! $ojg, Sheistina: Wow Crazy! Oh, and Bagi - work tip, Meeting new clits. Like tes ago FY Bigg! Wimmer Got you Mark. Hi Julia. Mac story. 2S Wve a0 you ton 48 minutes ago Like Summer camp, which | did couple of mes. | roaly hated i! Iwas 90 set, Nowadays, though, eveything’ changod ~ carps have be croative and chl-rendly, wit ats of acti Englsh classes and so on. My 80 usu At minutes ago Like a Zinaida Voxgova There was another option — nds ns Julia Tevetkova Sloera- Lithuania St, Potorsourg (Cape Tow-Londen, 37 minutes ago. Like FY Bigg! Wimmer Wow! c: BS 28minutes.ag0 Like A Julia Tevetkova Sut interesting! 10 minutes ago Like other near Liverpool, They used to take us on day tps 10 places all over the south- and north-west ~ to places the castles of Noth Wales. We art and card games ers going for log ocal ara, among maz othr things. Food as 80 a big part of: or exam, | remember making homemade pizzas with one grandma and think we ‘once made corse cakes withthe other. Realy fond memories. Cool question Mark. Thanks or asking and reminding me. 3 minutes ag Uke Unit 10 Placestostay 93% Work in groups. Look at the photo of Essaouira, Morocco and discuss: + wnat you think the main industy in Essaouira is, what difculties a place lke this might have and why. + how the people there might solve these problems [REI watch the video and take notes on Essaouira, its economy and how it's changing. (CREEL Work in pairs. From your notes, try to ‘complete the summary and the definitions below. Then listen again to check, Local fishermen don't have regular work now because there are fewer —, some work has moved z ‘and they cant ® — with big ships. The towns tying to increase “to replace ‘employment in the fishing Industry. Essaouira used to be well-known in the ‘and lats of rack stars and other people visited it Because ofthe historic old town, which ison «___'s World Heritage List. Since 1996 there has been a in the number Of tourists, This has caused concern among local people about water, land use and * Glossary Trawiers are The Medina is 4 Work in groups. Discuss these questions. + Would you ike to stay in Essaouira for a holiday? Why? Why not? + How has the economy changed in your country? + What industries used to be stronger? Why di they decline? What's replaced them? + Do you know any places where tourism has. increased a lot? Has that been a good thing? Why? Why not? UNDERSTANDING FAST SPEECH 5 (CRED Read and listen to this extract from the video said at natural pace and then slowed down. To help you, groups of words are marked with / and pauses are marked //. Stressed sounds are in CAPITALS. the FiSHermen are prePARIng / for aNOTHer year OUT (on the Water i! all AROUND the PORT / you can hear the SOUNDS of BOAT building / and SMELL fresh PAINT inthe ai, Now you have a go! Practise saying the extract at natural pace.REVIEW 5 ee 1 Complete the text with one word in each space, Contractions like don’t count as one word. you're looking fr interesting places to G0 this summer 2 pane! There are plenty of ‘options to choose from. Ifyou want something cheap and adventurous, and dream of the kind of holidays you 2 to go1on when you were young, you shoul try camping in Croatia, However, ifyoure the kind of person who ® never sieep under the stars, then why ® ‘ry @ new city instead? Pemnaps you to think about a break ina capital you've never visited before, “__10 Chisinau in Moldova or Reykjavik in Iceland. You never know. They might be amazing! 2 Put the words in the correct order to make questions. 1 cid /that/ use / where / you / do /t0 2 It/ see / about / why / you / go/ doctor / don't / ‘and/a 3 do/ what it/you/happened / you / would /it/to/ 4 wat think / about // you / ought/ do / tof do /it 5 ask /it/ should / you / think /1 do / who / about / 6 please / you / give the / me / password /the / for / ‘could / wif 7 anywhere / you / would / could / where / world / go / 90//the /if/in/ you 8 the / did / stay / went / when / use / you /to / where / islands /to/ you 3 Write replies to the questions in Exercise 2 to create short dialogues. 4 Choose the correct option. 1 Ym quit fit. usually / used to go running after work helps me relax. 2 I went /used to go swimming last Friday. 3. Not /Don't/ Shouldn't Not to go to work if you're feeling il 4 Where are /will/ would you recommend going? 5 Iwon't/ wouldn't stay there if am /were you. twas hortibie the ast time we visite, 6 I wouldn't/ won't work weekends if | hadn't 10 / didn't have to, 7. They might do better ifthey wouldn't be / arent! wosn't/ weren't so expensive 8 | did't never used to / usen't to / dnt use t0 / wasn't used to like cheese when | was a Kid, But Now Hove it 5 EMC Listen and write the six sentences you hear VOCABULARY ‘Match the verbs (1-8) with the nouns they collocate with (a-h). 1 get a yourfeet 2 brush b my lip 2 settle © outof breath 4 change your hair 5 wipe © adeep breath, 6 take 1 aroom 7 share a. my mind 8 bite hr your stomach Decide if these words and phrases are connected to health problems or places to stay. [ache ‘an inhaler the shower block | aspirin tmelowseason sneeze | Getoresn areducedrate temperature | the heating awoke-upcall | serve breakfast Complete the sentences with the best prepositions. 1 Fmafraid we don't have any record booking, 2 Can you send someone the AC in my room, please? your to have a look at 3 Sorry. ve just gota ot my mind at the ‘moment 4 hate missing breakfast | can't work. an ‘empty stomach 5 Its boling in here, Can you turn the heating ait? 6 mot looking forward to the spring because | suffer realy bag hay fever 7 That's a matter _ opinion. I don't see it ike that, personally, 8 I didnt see his face. He had his back __me. Complete the email with one word in each space. The first letters are given. ‘We went camping fora week anit rained the ‘wh____time we were there. The night we arrived, there was a huge storm that a_ hours, 50 It was really hard to put up the *te The next day, we realised the site was much more “ba than we expected: no shop, only one shared shower, horrible toilets! Awful! Then, to make Sma ‘worse | got reall quess it was probabiy the flu. had a really sore th. anda terrible *he that cic stop for ages! Then got an awful cough before finaly Hest my *vo, ‘completely don't usually? camping holidays, but this was too muchi Next ime, I want ‘nice hotel that "pr meals and has free Mw s0]| can connect the web, and maybe ‘even has a “bo. service so we can get away from the kids fora night! for Review 5 95SCIENCE AND * NATUREIN THIS UNIT YOU LEARN HOW TO: + talk about the weather + discuss and respond to news stories, + tall about animals + tell better stories + talk about scientists and research + understand newspaper headlines SPEAKING ‘Work in pairs. Discuss these questions. + Which ofthe words in the box describe the weather Inthe photo? [ otine fieezing snow sunny [abeeze ran astorm windy + Do you get weather like this in your country? When? + Doyou generally prefer cold weather or hot weather? + What's your favourite /least favourite kind of weather? Why? + What's the weather forecast for the next few days? 2 Work in groups. Tell each other about a memorable experience connected to the ‘weather in Exercise 1. Think about at least two of the following. + how you felt about the weather + what temperature it was + how strong the wind was. + how long the weather lasted + how much rain / snow fel ‘what problems you had because of the weatherDID YOU SEE THE NEWS? VOCABULARY Science and nature in the news ‘Complete the sentences with the verbs in the box, ba build find Touneh become conduct fund Investigate _sprea 1 The forecast said that a ne coast any time now. is going to 2. They're not going to allow some researchers to ‘experiments on animal 3 They'e going to five new nuclear power 4 They seid that if we don't do more to protect bees, they cou extinct. 5 Itsokdin ert y expect 10 a 6 | read that we're going a rocket into 7 The government is going to more ‘esearch into ways of improving mental heath. 8 read that they’ smoking next year ng to completely 40 A university is getting £5 millon to the effect of colour on memory 8 Work in groups. Discuss whether you think each piece of news in Exercise | is good or bad, Explain your ideas, Work in pairs. Try to think of: 1 tho thin hits an eres, ‘at might happen when a huge storm 2 two other things the government might fund research into. 3. two other animals / birds that could become extinet 4 two things they're stil trying to find a cure for 5 two other things you can launeh — apart from 6 two other things that governments sometimes ban. 7 two other animals that spread diseases LISTENING IEA Listen to four short conversations about science and nature in the news. Which conversation mentions: 1 a discovery that might preven 2 a government project to help th 3a problem with very negative ef 4 a change in the weather?5 EME Work in pairs. Decide which conversations these sentences are from. Explain your decisions. Then listen again and check your ideas. 2 They're going te pull down a lot of the hortibie nouses they've built along the coast bb Yeah, it said it could save milions of ives n so wat and windy recentiy takes a change to hear some good news. © They/te all dying, for some unknown reasor sometning 9 We need more green spa DEVELOPING CONVERSATIONS Responding to news and comments When people tll us news that we haven't heard before, ‘we ote respond by saying Really? We Vien usualy add @ onment Speakers can age with comments by saying Yea oknow and tren adding ther own comments 1: Realy? Thats bad news /awl nce / great / interesing, ete 1: (Yea) | know. I's tebe / really good neve / fantasti, To stronaly agree with an opinion ora comment, we can use Absolutely or Definitely A: It makes @ change to hear some good news. B: Absolut. To agree with a suggestion, we can say (Thor's ©) good fea. ‘A: We should go out. then — go tothe beach or B: Yeah, mar's « good idea. 6 Look at the sentences below. Decide which are reporting news, which are opinions / comments and which are suggestions. Write a suitable response to each. T Really? That's awful fe opened a new park near my house, We should have a party to celebrate 3 4 That's fantastic news. 5 Thoy shoula ai 6 jomething about it They're conducting an experiment to vestige the Big Bang work PRONUNCIATION 7 EXE Listen to twelve different responses. Notice the intonation. Then listen again and practise saying the responses. 8 Workin pairs. Take turns saying the sentences from Exercise 6 and giving your own responses. Pay attention to your intonation. CONVERSATION PRACTICE 9 You are going to have conversations like the ones in Exercise 4. Student A: look at the news in File 5 on page 18 Student B: look at the sin File 14 on page 191. 10 Take turns starting conversations about your news. Use the guide below to help you. Student A) ‘Student 8 Did you see / hea ie said W's know Ie "To watch the video! Science and nature 99 Unit 11‘ANIMAL MAGIC VOCABULARY Animals 1 Match six words in the box to the photos. cow fy parrot. rabbit shark og lion _pige rat sheep 2. Decide if each animal in Exercise 1 could be described as a wild animal, a farm animal, an insect or a pet. 3 Work in pairs. Think of two more examples for each of the four categories in Exercise 2. 4 Work in groups. Discuss these questions, + What pets do people you know have? + Which of the animais in Exercise 1 can help humans? How: READING 5. Read the stories about animals helping humans. Match each story (1-6) to a headline below. There is one headline you will not need. Bake Wedding goes with a'woof” Dinner not well done Mik of human kind ‘om zeroto hero Tips for bics 10 Work in pairs. Discuss the following, + What do you think each headline means? jou think each story i prising or Boring? Expl nice, interesting, s ly + One of the stories isnt true, Which one do you think is invented? Why? Work in pairs. Discuss what you think the words in bold in the stories mean. Work in groups. Discuss these questions. 41 Which animals can you think ofthat have an amazing fense of smell / hearing / sight? 2. Can you think of eight things that dogs are often trained to do? 3 Which other animals are used to ct things? 4 What advantas can you think of? ‘and disadvantages of having pets GRAMMAR Past perfect simple The pest perfect simple is formed using had pastpariine ‘These pets had brought the couple togethe9 Look at these examples from the stories. Then choose the correct option to complete the rules below. 2 The World Wife Fund... had asked the fishermen tollet scientists have the body, but the fishermen insisted on using bb The parrots had previously lived in a cage doy the owner... heard the parrots copying his customers’ requests and .. trained them to actualy take orders 1 We use the past perfect to emphasise that something happened before/after another past action, 2 We usually / don't usualy use the past perfect with other verbs in the past simple 3 When we describe actions in the order that they happened in, we usually use the past perfec / simple, UG check your eas on page 173 and co Bees} 10 Match the two parts of the sentences. Then work in pairs and compare your answers. Discuss why the past simple or past perfect is used in a-h. 1 The ground was wet ‘Someone had dropped a wallet They took him to court There was a huge tafiic jam | had to wat outside our house until my mum got back Iwas very nervous ws realy shocked My dog was golng crazy when I got home One because I'd forgotten my keys. because ithad rained the night before, because | hadn't made a speech in public before because there were roadworks, because he hacl't paid his bil because | hada't taken him for a walk all day. S01 picked it up and sent it back to them by post. when I saw the rat in the ktchen! 11 Write endings to these sentence starters using the past perfect. Then work in pairs and compare your ideas. 1 Iwas hungry because 2 She was quite upset because _ 3 Iwas really tired because 4 Iwas quite nervous because 5 Before | was eighteen, I'd never 12 Work in groups. Discuss what you think happened before each of these events. Use the past perfect. 1 Guards caught and arrested a pigeon ina jail 2 Fishermen found a pet dog on a desert island, 3 Apet rabbit saved his elderly owners 13 Find out what actually happened by reading File 15 on page 191 SPEAKING 14 Work in pairs. Choose one of the following. ‘Have you heard any other animal stories in the news recently? Describe what happened 'b Do an internet search for animal stories in the news. ‘Then tell your partner about the one you liked most \Who found the best story? MAN'S BEST FRIENDS "When Andre and Hare Athay got marie inthe -west of England, thei dg fl acted as the best man! Also present on the big day were theirwo Female ‘dogs, Humbug and Goulash. These pets had brought ‘the couple together Andrew and Harvet fist met when they were walking thee respective pets along, ‘each, They the sted cating wil the dogs ‘were playing with each other. A megamouth shar, which is very rarely seen the wild, vas eaten by Tilipino fishermen ate they caught it ina net by mistake. The World Wildlife ‘Fund, which wants to protect the shar from ‘extinction, had asked the fishermen to let scientists Jhave the body but the fishermen insisted on using it to prepare a traditional Filipino dish called Kinunat. A Japanese restaurant is employing two parrots as waiters, The parrot take drinks orders from customers and repeat her {a waiter athe bar, who then brings the drinks to the table “The patos ad previesly ved ina eage in a corner ofthe resiaurant. One day the owner, Mr tusk, beard the parrots copying his eustomers requests and ale that, be trained them. to actually ake orders. Rats may havea bad reputation, but, sys a spokesman forthe charity Heros, they are saving hundreds of ives in Alia. ‘beams of heir incredible sense of smell and ineligence. The rats are trained 10 deteet mines and bons lying inthe pround Being so smal they dont cause the mines to explode whes they stand on them. They ean also detect some disease n humans. Researcher from Neweasle Univer have discovered that farmers can help to boost ale predtion by Being renal anc talking to their ows. They found that when farmers gave their animals names, these cows produced over 300 ages more milk 3 ‘eae than those without names ‘dog called Scooby has appeared in court in a more case. had fund the animals owner dead er flat al the {amity ha asked for an investigation Police brought Scooby, ‘vo bad ben in the Pat tthe me of death, no cour to see ‘how he would react the main suspeet.On seeing the man, Scooby barked very loudly The police now need to decide if there enough evidence to ake the case fuer Unit 11 Science and nature 101DID YOU KNOW ...? SPEAKING 5 EMG Listen again, Choose the correct option. 4. Worlkia:patrs Discass thace questions 1 We share 15% / 50% of our genes with bananas. + Do you know much about science? Where did you learn what you know? 2 Some violent criminals share a particular a part of a ‘gene i + Who are the mast famous scientists in your country? oh ali-d What are they famous for? 4 Each hair is also covered in hundreds of thousands + What TY or radio programmes about science do you of tiny ty hairs i know? Do you like them? What areas of science do 5 The hairs and celing atoms are attracted by /to each they cover? other 6 ‘isthe woresthinest material ~ t's just one atom LISTENING aan Laie 7 ttyou pul ee! tis tape away, some layers of graphite come of 8 Its an incredible discovery and it was ordered J ‘awarded @ Nobel Prize. 2 You are going to listen to a radio programme where a scientist answers questions from listeners. Work in pairs. Match each question (1-3) to a group of words (a-c). Explain your choices, 6 Work in pairs. Discuss these questions. 1 Ave there “crime genes’? + Did you know any ofthe answers to the three 2 How do spiders walk on ceilings? ‘questions before you heard them? If yes, where did 3 What is Graphene? you learn about them? + Which answer was most interesting for you? Why? ales, atoms, electric charge, a balloon, attraction, Saghe e + How do you think the different factors mentioned in the fist answer can cause violent behaviour? + Have you heard about any new genes scientists have discovered? 3 ERED Listen to the radio programme and note + What other things could you use Graphene for? down answers to the questions in Exercise 2. 'b a ponci, sticky tape, layer. to tear, be replaced, prize bananas, share, factors, violent, war, environment + How many other Nobel Prize winners can you think of? 4 Work in groups. Compare your ideas using the words in Exercise 2 and your notes. 1mGRAMMAR Passives When we use a passive sentence, we use a different word order compared to an active sentence. We ‘make the object ofan active sentence the subject of a passive sentence. 7 Look at the pairs of sentences and answer the ‘questions below. 1 a Two Russian scientists discovered Graphene. b Graphene was discovered by two Russian scientists 2 a Ithat process is repeated a few times, it ‘eventually leaves @ layer one arom thick. bb Ifyou repeat thot process, you're eventually left with a ayer one atom thick. ‘8 Could those things be replaced by Graphene? b Could Grophene replace tose things? 4a That stuffis called graphite, > We call that stuff graphite 5 a They awarded the discovery of Graphene a Nobel Prize b Iwas awarded o Nobel Prize 1 Which verbs are active and wich passive? 2 How are the passives formed? 3 Who does the action in each passive sentence? Do we know exactly? Your ideas on page 190 and do Exercise 1 8 Read the article below about a classic experiment. Choose the active or the passive form in 1-10. creplaced / were replaced by two models. The first model URE In newspaper headlines, the verb be is often let out ofthe ‘assive construction, Fore shork eaten by fishermen We do not leave out the verb be in normal sentences. A shark that is very rarely seem inthe wild was eaten by Filpino fisherman after they cought lt by mistoke. 9 Work in pairs. Look at the headlines. Discuss ‘what you think each story is probably about. DOG AWARDED MEDAL BY THE QUEEN Man arrested after stealing 10 kilos of bananas ROCKET LAUNCHED ON 100-YEAR JOURNEY | Cure for rare disease accidentally discovered a SCIENCE COMPANY OFFICES DAMAGED IN FIRE INVESTIGATED BY POLICE 10 Choose one of the headlines in Exercise 9 and write a short news report of 60-80 words. SOUNDS AND VOCABULARY REVIEW 11 EME Listen and repeat the sounds with /au’, /2:/ and /n’. Are any of them difficult to hear or say? 12 EXEL Work in groups. Listen to eight sentences using the words below. Together, try to write 13 Workin teams. You have three minutes to “write collocations / phrases for the words in Exercise 12. not allow smoking, be allowed to keep pets, ‘allow the cat out at night Unit 11 Science and nature 103