exuncuan. gp TMU UVINGSTONE hs 3 4067 7301 | in Medicine P. McDermott - D.N. Clarke veMind Maps* in Medicine P. McDermott we cw rrr Consultant Radiologist, Stirling Royal Infirmary NHS Trust, Stirling, UK D.N. Clarke ms ns ree Consultant Physician, Stirling Royal Infirmary NHS Trust, Stirling, UK EDINBURGH LONDON NEW YORK PHILADELPHIA SYONEY TORONTO 1998‘CHURCHILL UVINGSTONE ‘An imprint of Harcourt Brace and Company Limited Rorbert Stevenson House 1-3 Baxter's Place Leith Walk Edinburgh EH1 3AF (© Harcourt Brace and Company Limited 1988, Disagreed trade mark of Harcourt Brace and Company Timited All rights reserved. No part ofthis publication may be reproduced, stored in 2 retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any ‘means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, ecording or other Wise, without either the prior permission of the publishers (Harcourt Brace and Company Limited, 24-28 Oval Road, London, Wt 7D¥), or licence permitting restricted copying in the United Kingdom issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency Utd, 90, Tottenham Court Road, London, WIP OLP. First published 1998, Reprinted 1999 ISBN 0 443 05195 x British Library of Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. brary of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data A catalog record for this book is available fram the Library of Congress Mind Map is the Registered Trade Mark of the Buzan Organisation, used with permission Medical knowledge is constantly changing. As new information becomes availaole, changes in treatment, procedures, equipment ‘and the use of drigs become necessary, The authors and the Dublshers have, as far as it is possible, taken care to ensure that the information given in this texts accurate and up to date However, readers are strongly advised to confirm that the informa: tion, especially with regard to drug usage, complies with current legislation and standards of practice Printed in China Neccio2Preface Mind Mapping, invented by Tony Buzan, results in increased confidence, saves precious studying time and gives the student a sense of achievement. Conventional textbooks present information in such a way that the key words are not always obvi ous to the student. Research shows that key words are important in learning as they create and reinforce learning pathways. The key words in this book are presented in the context of pathways which connect to form maps of each topic. The information on each topic is thus connected to provide a framework for revision and learning, Studies show that revision of key words creates and strengthens word associations and helps the brain to process further information on the topic faster. Psychologists call this effect the ‘semantic prime’ The Mind Maps provide an overview of the subjects and are designed to ‘prime’ the brain to remember the information. P.Mcb. D.NC Stirling 1997 Contents How to use this book ix Glossary of abbreviations ix Cardiology 1 Heart symptoms & signs 2 Heart examination 3 Heart failure 4 Ischaemic heart disease 5 Myocardial disease (acute myocarditis, cardiomyopathy) 6 Pericardial disease 7 Rheumatic fever 8 Endocarditis 9 Left heart valves: aortic 10 Left heart valves: mitral 11 Right heart valves (tricuspid, pulmonary) 12 Supraventricular arrhythmias 13 Ventricular arrhythmias 14 Heart block 15 Cardiovascular drugs 16 Hypertension 17 Congenital heart disease acyanotic 1 (atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus) 18 Congenital heart disease acyanotic 2 (coarctation of aorta, aortic stenosis, pulmonary stenosis) 19 Congenital heart disease cyanotic (tetralogy of fallot, transposition of great vessels) 20 Pulmonary embolism 21 Respiratory system 23 Clinical (symptoms and signs) 24 Lower respiratory tract infections 1 (bronchopneumonia, lobar pneumonia, anaerobic infections, lung abscess) 25 Lower respiratory tract infections 2 (legionella, ‘mycoplasma pneumonia, psittacosis, Q fever, opportunistic infections) 26 Tuberculosis (miliary 78) 27 Post primary tuberculosis 28 Bronchiectasis 29 Chronic obstructive airways disease 30vi CONTENTS. Respiratory failure 31 Allergic disorders 1 (asthma) 32 Allergic disorders 2 (pulmonary eosinophilia, allergic rhinitis) 33 Sarcoidosis 34 Pulmonary fibrosis (extrinsic allergic alveolitis, cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis, localised fibrosis) 35 Pneumoconioses (silicosis, asbestosis, coal miner's pneumoconiosis, byssinosis) 36 Tumours (bronchial carcinoma, bronchial adenoma, alveolar cell carcinoma, hamartoma) 37 Pleural disorders (effusion, pneumothorax, plaques, mesothelioma, empyema) 38 Lung cysts/Mediastinal masses 39 Central nervous system 41 Cranial nerves 1& 2. 42 Cranial nerves 3, 4 & 6 A (general, gaze palsies) 43 Cranial nerves 3, 4 & 6 B (nerve palsies, nystagmus, pupil disorders) 44 Cranial Nerves 5 & 7 (trigeminal neuralgia, atypical facial pain, TM joint dysfunction, facial migraine, trigeminal neuropathy, Bell’s palsy, Ramsay-Hunt syndrome) 45 Cranial Nerves 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 (dysarthria, bulbar palsy, pseudobulbar palsy) 46 Sensoryimotor system 47 Basal ganglia and extra pyramidal syndrome 48 Spinal cord 1 (syringomyelia, root lesions, brachial & lumbar plexus lesions) 49 Spinal cord 2 (peripheral nerves, polyneuropathy) 50 Headache 51 Epilepsy 52 Cerebrovascular disease 1 (intracranial haemorrhage, subarachnoid haemorrhage, venous sinus thrombosis) 53 Cerebrovascular disease 2 (cerebral ischaemia, intracerebral haemorrhage) 54 Multiple sclerosis 55 Intracranial tumours 56 CNS infections 1 (acute viral meningitis, acute & chronic viral encephalitis, AIDS, acute and chronic bacterial meningitis, cerebral abscess, neurosyphilis) 57 Muscle disease 58 Miscellaneous CNS (neurofibromatosis, deficiency states - vitamins B1 and 12, non-metastatic syndromes, hereditary spinocerebellar degeneration) 59 Blood disease 61 Clinical (symptoms, signs, investigations) 62 Blood constituents 63 Anaemia iron deficiency 64 Anaemia megaloblastic 65 Anaemia haemolytic (warm reacting Abs, paroxysmal cold haemoglobinuria, isoimmune, blood transfusion incompatibility, RBC fragmentation syndrome) 66 Anaemia miscellaneous 67 Red cell disorders congenital 68 Thalassaemia 69 Sickle cell disease 70 Myeloid diseases (primary proliferative polycythaemia, spurious polycythaemia, myelofibrosis, thrombocytopenia) 71 Blood disorders miscellaneous (neutropenia, myelodysplastic syndromes) 72 Leukaemia (acute, chronic) 73 Lymphoma (Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, Burkitt's lymphoma) 74 Myeloma (Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinaemia) 75 Clotting disorders 1 (haemophilia, Von Willibrand’s disease) 76 Clotting disorders 2 (acquired defects, coagulation inhibitors) 77 Kidney 79 Structure and function 80 Water & electrolytes 1 (water homeostasis, acid base balance) 81 Water & electrolytes 2 (sodium, magnesium, potassium) 82 Acute renal failure 83 Chronic renal failure 84 Glomerular disease (glomerulonephritis) 85 Renal disease focal (urinary tract infections, pyelonephritis, drug induced nephritis, analgesic nephropathy, unilateral renal disease, pregnancy) 86 Renal disease miscellaneous (diabetes mellitus, light chain nephropathy, myeloma, amyloidosis, hypertension) 87 Renal disease inherited (polycystic disease, Alport’s syndrome, cystinosis, adult Fanconi's syndrome, renal tubular acidosis, amino-acidurias, medullary sponge kidney) 88Nutrition 89 Nutrition 1 (fat soluble vitamins, vitamin C, trace elements) 90 Nutrition 2 (thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, biotin, folate, vitB12 91 Gastrointestinal tract 93 Symptoms & signs 94 esophagus (gastro-oesophageal reflux, carcinoma, achalasia, diffuse spasm, pharyngeal pouch, scleroderma) 95 Stomach & duodenum (peptic ulcer, gastritis, Menetrier's disease, carcinoma) 96 Malabsorption 97 Inflammatory bowel disease (ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease) 98 Large bowel tumours (adenocarcinoma, polyps) 99 Large bowel miscellaneous (diverticular disease, irritable bowel syndrome, mesentericischaemia) 100 Infectious diseases (typhoid, paratyphoid, salmonella enteritis, shigella dysentery, yersinia enteritis, cholera, giardiasis, cryptosporidium, amoebiasis. clostridium difficile, viral gastroenteritis) 101 Biliary tract (gallstones, cholecystitis, sclerosing cholangitis, cholangiocarcinoma, dyskinesia) 102 Pancreatitis (acute and chronic) 103 Pancreas tumours (carcinoma, endocrine tumours) 104 Liver 1 (hepatoma, cholangiocarcinoma, secondary ‘tumours, portal hypertension) 105 Liver 2 (fatty infiltration, drug disease, pregnancy, neonatal hepatitis, biliary atresia, Reye's syndrome, cystic fibrosis, Wilson's disease, schistosomiasis, polycystic disease, Budd-Chiari syndrome) 106 Viral hepatitis 107 Liver failure 108 Girchosis 109 Metabolic disorders 111 Diabetes 112 Diabetes mellitus complications 113 Calcium & bone 1(hypercalcaemia, hypocalcaemia, hyperparathyroidism, osteomalacia, rickets) 114 Calcium & bone 2 (osteoporosis, Paget's disease) 115 Hyperlipoproteinaemia 116 Endocrine 117 Pituitary 1 (growth hormone, hyperprolactinaemia) 118, Pituitary 2 (hyposecretion, hypothalamicdeficiency) 119 Sex hormones (delayed puberty, amenorrhoea, subfertiity) 120 Thyroid disease 1 (goitre, thyrotoxicosis) 121 CONTENTS i Thyroid disease 2 (thyroiditis, hypothyroidism, carcinoma) 122 Adrenal disorders 1 (hyperfunction, phaeochromocytoma) 123 Adrenal disorders 2 (insufficiency, Addison's disease, congenital hyperplasia) 124 Pluriglandular syndromes (multiple endocrine neoplasia, non-endocrine organs, ectopic hormones) 125 Connective tissues and joints 127 Rheumatoid arthritis 128 Ankylosing spondylitis/psoriatic arthropathy 129 Systemic lupus erythematosus 130 Systemic sclerosis 131 Polymyositisidermatomyositis 132 Necrotising arteritis (polyarteritis nodosa, temporal arteritis, Wegener's granulomatosus, hypersensitivity angiitis, Churg-Strauss syndrome, Takayasu's disease, erythema nodosum) 133 Soft tissues (shoulder-hand syndrome, entrapment neuropathy, bursitis, tenosynovitis, psychogenic rheumatism, Teitze’s syndrome, polymyalgia rheumatica, enthesopathy, periarthritis) 134 Joints (bleeding disorders, avascular necrosis, hypertrophic osteoarthropathy, sickle cell disease, neuropathic joints, sarcoidosis, familial Mediterranean fever, hyperlipidaemias, hypogammaglobulinaemia, leukaemia, juvenile arthritis) 135 Secondary arthritis (reactive arthritis, Reiter's syndrome, acute rheumatic fever, bowel associated arthritis, Bechet’s syndrome) 136 Deposition disorders (gout, pseudogout, hydroxyapatite arthropathy, alkaptonuria) 137 Infective arthritis (bacterial and viral) 138 Inherited disorders (Marfan’s syndrome, homocystinuria, Ehler’s Danlos syndrome, ‘osteogenesis imperfecta, mucopolysaccharidoses) 139 Infectious diseases 141 Childhood viral infections (measles, rubella, mumps, hand, foot and mouth disease, varicella) 142 Upper respiratory tract 1 (streptococcal sore throat, pertussis, influenza) 143 Upper respiratory tract 2 (infectious mononucleosus, diphtheria) 144 rrhoeal disease (traveller's diarrhoea, bacillary dysentery, amoebiasis, giardiasis) 145 CNS (meningitis, post-infectious encephalitis) 146 reeviii CONTENTS Miscellaneous 1 (cytomegalovirus, leptospirosis, brucellosis) 147 Miscellaneous 2 (tetanus, actinomycosis, toxoplasmosis, immunocompromised host) 148 Sexually transmitted diseases 1 (gonorrhoea, syphilis) 149 Sexually transmitted diseases 2 (non-specific urethritis, genital herpes, molluscum contagiosum, chancroid, lymphogranuloma venereum, granuloma, inguinale) 150 Tropical 151 Malaria 152 Protozoal disease (trypanosomiasis, Leishmaniasis) 153 Miscellaneous (leprosy, rabies, rickettsia) 154 Helminthic infections 1 (filariasis, hydatid) 155) Helminthic infections 2 (schistosomiasis, intestinal worms) 156 Further reading and information 157HOWTO USE THIS BOOK/GLOSSARY OF ABBREVIATIONS ix How to use this Book Glossary of abbreviations 4. Always use a visual aid to move over the Mind Ab antibody Map —a marker, felt-tip pen, or even afinger and Abs antibodies start at the 1 o'clock position on the Mind Map, ACA anterior communicating artery moving clockwise. The more common features are ACTH adrenocorticotrophic hormone mentioned first. AD autosomal dominant AF atrial fibrillation 2. Work for about 25 minutes followed by a five AIDS acquired immunosuppressive disorder minute break. Do not study for more than two ALK hours at a time. PHOS alkaline phosphatase AR autosomal recessive 3. Quickly read over the topic in your textbook ARF acute renal failure several times, Underline or highlight key words ASD _atrial septal defect remember ths is your own book! BP blood pressure CD collecting duct 4, Minutes after the end of your study period turn to CHD congenital heart disease the relevant Mind Map. Use your highlighter or CMV _ cytomegalovirus coloured pen to link or isolate groups of words on CNS_central nervous system ‘the map. Insert cross references to other maps PK creatine phosphokinase and add any other points you wish to remember. CRF_—_ chronic renal failure CRP C reactive protein 5. Revise the Mind Map the next day for a few CS cavernous sinus minutes. Test yourself to see how much you have CSF_—_ cerebrospinal fluid remembered CT computed tomography xR chest X-ray 6. Revise the Mind Maps fairly frequently DCT distal convoluted tubule emphasizing points made in lectures or tutorials. -DIC_disseminated intravascular coagulation Continue to add to the map if you wish DVT deep vein thrombosis ECG electrocardiograph 7. Revision of the Mind Maps just before going to EEG — electroencephalograph bed can be useful — there is a theory that the EM electron micrograph brain consolidates information as you sleep, ERCP endoscopic retrograde cholangio- pancreatography ESP especially ESR erythrocyte sedimentation rate GBM glomerular basement membrane GFR glomerular filtration rate GIT gastrointestinal tract GM — gramstain GN glomerulonephritis GUT genitourinary tract GVH graft vs host disease Hb haemoglobin cecex GLOSSARY OF ABBREVIATIONS HIV ICA 1p 'g HD iM INR Vv we sve LM LSE LUse w lve LvH MCA MI MRI Ms Nv PCA PCT Pc PDA PFT PN PTC human immunodeficiency virus internal carotid artery intracranial pressure immunoglobulin ischaemic heart disease intramuscular international normalised ratio intravenous inferior vena cava jugular venous pressure lower motor neurone left sternal edge left upper sternal edge left ventricle left ventricular failure left ventricular hypertrophy middle cerebral artery myocardial infarction magnetic resonance imaging multiple sclerosis nerve posterior communicating artery proximal convoluted tubule packed cell volume patent duct arteriosus pulmonary function tests polyarteritis nodosa percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography PTH uo. RA RBC RF RHD RV RVF RVH SAH SDH SUE 5S STAPH STREP SUP sy 18 TIPS TSH UMN us uti vie vit sD wec wr parathyroid hormone pyrexia of unknown origin rheumatoid arthritis red blood cell rheumatic fever rheumatic heart disease right ventricle right ventricular failure right ventricular hypertrophy subarachnoid haemorrhage subdural haemorrhage systemic lupus erythematosus systemic sclerosis (scleroderma) staphylococcus, streptococcus superior syndrome (also Sy) tuberculosis, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt thyroid stimulating hormone upper motor neurone ultrasound urinary tract infection very important piece vitamin ventricular septal defect white blood cell weightCARDIOLOGY Cardiology —___ TTT TTT Heart symptoms & signs 2 Heart examination 3 Heart failure 4 Ischaemic heart disease 5 Myocardial disease (acute myocarditis, cardiomyopathy) 6 Pericardial disease 7 Rheumatic fever 8 Endocarditis 9 Left heart valves: aortic 10 Left heart valves: mitral 11 Right heart valves (tricuspid, pulmonary) Supraventricular arrhythmias 13 Ventricular arrhythmias 14 Heart block 15 Cardiovascular drugs Hypertension 17 Congenital heart disease acyanotic 1 (atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus) 18 Congenital heart disease acyanotic 2 (coarctation of aorta, aortic stenosis, pulmonary stenosis) 19 Congenital heart disease cyanotic (tetralogy of fallot, transposition of great vessels) 20 Pulmonary embolism 21 12 16SNDIS ® SHOLANAS VAN Z XOIOIOV)\poTOIKRND © NOMWNMWAEL RIVsv LAN +sxe209 >— sy eqn ees 2 aired Es se E tn, Peg courucrmons wy i 6, Yes RATES Se = ISCHAEMIC HEART DISEASE SUG ¥ Be %, ee e Se sas ureerecancy 93> Coucrscy waste ADOTOKRND S$ aSVISIC.LAVaH OONEVHDSIxooToIa —agyIsta THewants SULYNAIRE 8 A9010108N9A010 6 SlLIMOGNLEET HEART VALVES: MITRAL Cs — XOoTOIGRND TE WALINS2AVA.LAVAH LAT1 SVTICHLAY HY 10OPRINSAYAS% ee, YY &. & See sen : % ts > eg e\% utLC svc fay 7 cE % y VENTRICULAR ARRHYTHMIAS SCHL eum, jonas ace sonst ‘on ae ‘sta Ry en B HEART Discs eu fe OO Vee Ee ree “e & 20 es, ee, BER ee o a iy / SVINFIAHIRUY XVTNORUNGA AsccynoN suse Re 8 sons mo yecams AOOTOIAYDst you LavalSOMHCAVEDDSVAOIGAN 9t 00101089,: cs * CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE ACYANOTIC 2 J ronan Se 1% SOE sa Ps i SE ai - y yan 7 pe ee ADOTOIND GL ZDLLONVAOV ASVASIG LAV TWLINADNODremy wma HAR yA one gis? NOTIN 17 NSTTORNa XAWNOWINESPIRATORY SYSTEM Respiratory ——— system MITT] Clinical (symptoms and signs) 24 Lower respiratory tract infections 1 (bronchopneumonia, lobar pneumonia, anaerobic infections, lung abscess) 25 Lower respiratory tract infections 2 (legionella, mycoplasma pneumonia, psitacosis, Q fever, ‘opportunistic infections) 26 Tuberculosis (miliary TB) 27 Post primary tuberculosis 2 28 Bronchiectasis 29 Chronic obstructive airways disease 30 Respiratory failure 31 Allergic disorders 1 (asthma) 32 Allergic disorders 2 (pulmonary eosinophilia, allergic rhinitis) 33 Sarcoidosis 34 Pulmonary fibrosis (extrinsic allergic alveolitis cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis, localised fibrosis) 35 Pneumoconioses (silicosis, asbestosis, coal miner's pneumoconiosis, byssinosis) 36 ‘Tumours (bronchial carcinoma, bronchial adenoma, alveolar cell carcinoma, hamartoma) 37 Pleural disorders (effusion, pneumothorax, plaques, mesothelioma, empyema) 38 Lung cysts/mediastinal masses 39wy rene alsts ACY | SNOMSHANT LOM, ANOVAS LACT &gens(ORY SYSTEM TUBERCULOSIS. > TUBERCULOSIS. },WHUSis AHOLNY Ig uring YONVAKSTAALLERGIC DISORDERS 1AISKS AOL acest . ey Loti sy oe 3 < mous ‘ za a vate Le mem mss && sISOMALE LIVNOW TM‘pc sian sores oa essa amon Drs me MEDUSTNNSCOPY & eee ‘ oes Pa g J J wy g & s x PLS, os ic . Gey %, eu Ey % ux, Aca Bent a “Res fe ae ISAS ANOLE 2 saponinMEDIASTINAL MASSES oxi sistTRAL NERVOLS SYSTEM at Central nervous system Cranial nerves 1&2 42 Cranial nerves 3, 4 & 6 A (general, gaze palsies) 43 Cranial nerves 3, 4 & 6 B (nerve palsies, nystagmus, pupil disorders) 44 Cranial nerves 5 & 7 (trigeminal neuralgia, atypical facial pain, TM joint dysfunction, facial migraine, trigeminal neuropathy, Bell's palsy, Ramsay-Hunt syndrome) 45 Cranial nerves 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 (dysarthria, bulbar palsy, pseudobulbar palsy) 46 Sensoryimotor system 47 Basal ganglia and extra pyramidal syndrome 48 Spinal cord 1 (syringomyelia, root lesions, brachial & lumbar plexus lesions) 49 Spinal cord 2 (peripheral nerves, polyneuropathy) 50 Headache 51 Epilepsy 52 Cerebrovascular disease 1 (intracranial haemorrhage, subarachnoid haemorrhage, venous sinus thrombosis) 53 Cerebrovascular disease 2 (cerebral ischaemia, intracerebral haemorthage) 54 Multiple sclerosis 55 Intracranial tumours 56 CNS infections 1 ( acute viral meningitis, acute & chronic viral encephalitis, AIDS, acute and chronic bacterial meningitis, cerebral abscess, neurosyphilis) 57 Muscle disease 58 Miscellaneous CNS (neurofibromatosis, deficiency states — vitamins B1 and 12, non-metastatic syndromes, hereditary spinocerebellar degeneration) 59 MTT TTT TTT 1CRANIAL, NERVES 1 & 2seus % WLSIS snOMEN MND arenas crv eee ‘ Sow gs (5) cass a ca i . - Bee goss a un, LFisy 2 ss toma MEAT 25 Po e ey J RU ceomoissus 2A g avery MEDC es w 1 sig rR Rey “ Rey WY _towsracrsiss CRANIAL Lay 0 cw, Ley NERVES 3, 4 & 6 ae us Re Seat ke mz r ey eum usa cower > Aaa ca Ce rn ANT pause Kae cong te ES we = ee once yw y ow AD Mor coueeeuest sc sm oN ‘quowcren) so gn ” s x, o Fe ss és vg ewes wos s wer & WORSE SINEIN INNDwan TIN aowees EIN TRINTusa yy CRANIAL NERVES 5 & 7 Mo Ss x so ss un ss got Bite sD Sime eur C8 ss —< — a J se ga et i 3 mmc gy sss re, OK ee, eX %, © INAUSAS SOMMAN THALNED Sb CUS SINNEDve CRANIAL y NERVES 8,9, 10, 11 & 12 ey. Baan rene ee owns Mts 1B TLDL'6 BSANENTVINVAD OF IALSAS SONIN THAD& XS SONEEN THULND is ALevuTON get aE oko SNS ats re s L @ Tar Te B a ‘ % EG ea pe we ss s ass, od s oo oe ene TS SOT LAV Eg Eg Ls aLSISHOLOW/ANOSKASane 2, E open cx Z ss ie oe > ss. 2 _ s sO z 2 - z 4H posses nn QCDOLCHINGS OF CSF unm ie a3 “ ys s 3 INCL RESE nee : eu ft Rey eng is &, Se Ws weasrig i : 3 CORD 1 eo" , rn seu owns sti Eos . ‘wa 9 oH ‘ @ me 7 wwe eo Wy 6 Lavo WALKSSION IVANe gs HHO se g cs Pets HARA & es oe e oust S Ss wwe Sete A C4 ae . poms w J cue od vw HEADACHE cate sar x BINS wseay Rin, te se yen Mune ronmncano erm, ss [= wou Cruseiean couwey Sigg WOES Hon JS % Nay i Si sack SEES Rots Se “ crys LeeNy - we a 7 > POCA ng 2 ey ALSAS SMONMN LIND Is aHOVavaWUSAS SOA TRANeet oe is moscit se CE ‘% aLSAS SNONIEN WHINE “Wie st ; CEREBROVASCULAR ‘DISEASE 1 / veo tm s Lrsc6.n4 = Lee é ~ Rue Fos Me cx J % ee fe array _yase , ew Bee aa er al ee, ee, RID pect ate me “ ee ey Tonos 8 ao __ sows sas gun % pe _ wanes i a 5 é Ty 2 2 ay Ke & ~ X : Z 5 5 % = : 3 ae 3 9 a ; 2 os éCEREBROVASCULAR DISEASE 2 ISVESINomit py CI i ae BS Eo Cea ee Germ fg Dempwceny EEE — ee SI sys ame wast “x, “ g ee ol “eg ( st Gee £000 Hew MH os - — an eos es a er MATE MENINGATSS I oar —— Is ATA LAr a : ae SS SNOLLD#AN SNDDALSAS STONWEAN TAINEDeon AISAS SONMAN THALLNED 66 §N9 SNOANVTTIDSINTSEASE L Blood disease —— Clinical (symptoms, signs, investigations) 62 Blood constituents 63 ‘Anaemia iron deficiency 64 Anaemia megaloblastic 65 Anaemia haemolytic (warm reacting Abs, paroxysmal cold haemoglobinuria, isoimmune, blood transfusion incompatibility, RBC fragmentation syndrome) 66 Anaemia miscellaneous 67 Red cell disorders congenital 68 Thalassaemia 69 Sickle cell disease 70 Myeloid diseases (primary proliferative polycythaemia, spurious polycythaemia, myelofibrosis, thrombocytopenia) 71 Blood disorders miscellaneous (neutropenia, myelodysplastic syndromes) 72 Leukaemia (acute, chronic) 73 Lymphoma (Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin's | lymphoma, Burkitt's lymphoma) 74 Myeloma (Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinaemia) 75 Clotting disorders 1 (haemophilia, Von Willibrand’s disease) 76 Clotting disorders 2 (acquired defects, coagulation inhibitors) 77CLINICALasvasta qoona wMeno ey MENEHRANE wz aw Mime ys Za ‘ es ey % Bee gs is EH Aue - & nt eq, 8K Ley, ) "ha, Bp on te, ee Ae “nsemacae woxt Ss e\ L204 re as wy ’ i Ce osteo oN 4 eee &, Fees Ys recs eo vo § % 6 ‘ = cs y a ws ey 3 J SPe %, ey ® SINEMUULSNOD GOONi e sr YM ones ew RORY sume, css ANAEMIA MEGALOBLASTIC wy ss wor Li 8% I Sg $ ely J asvasia. doors row A omy toe ty “a ages Sg, SR laos 2 NHCrms 9 OSFIGOTVOEN VINNYoop mrs sai © an oss J SP § we we ws << sss gs STORES sau percnen TiS ey aceon = Bs ry 2870 EO cyano Pal a ‘wooorn fa Dee eg ML asvasia qooma £9 SQOANYTEDSIN VINIWWYLene Se, < moet, fee ow ne SENEAET Pane Deserwe es . mow vn ME anger co SEN, umnon Wah ; ‘DANMETES. SURES MARR Coo nase oe comcoommne eS %. J BSED Z cunt “8 , pp CAMS me einoF eS % y on; ‘arene Wo wos _( THALASSABMIA PL von . ? = att a ae a ‘Basornimuc STi \5, ‘ “er omen rrewrry_ 3868 RMOMLASTS \ ee {ov UVES ~ swoxTIs ee e a y y ee Bonu ut nnn £88 UCHONT ws y wg vy LIS F ‘ asvasia doors @ VINNSSvIVHL,55) 4 47 3 ant : oxo is yf: soon » 4g J g ee oe Re J g Xe JS ow |e eS MYELOID ot DISEASES yy FF % is %, e & won g rn inte a he SH asvasia doom Le Sasvasia CIOTLANasvisia doors LEUKAEMIA gy As woNoee é ss %, s et a SS Tate %, Xe m si ee Oe 2 oN A a oo as es %, ey eee waa wane Rue acetone i Sraanecu weno s_ woONTDS comsrine ss ee rst an = a SNORE SP omory Banas ca vous \, we : os s pea 5 atLYMPHOMAasvasia Goo 7, ia ys amersise » 3 omens 1 ayo %, Bq Yao % tates e SR j sary CRLLLMRG _ansnceaC HIST caw Tg a S$ oe ace —\ oscar Ricrons Ce J f eres oA puso g — on ary os Loy y THOCHTNCDON cae § EE BP sais ls ee cee Sy P ys fy POI so 3) ran ws gh o PVs JJ 9 i ; 4NIDNEY Kidney NIT TT Structure and function 80 Water & electrolytes 1 (water homeostasis, acid base balance) 81 Water & electrolytes 2 (sodium, magnesium, potassium) 82 Acute renal failure 83 Chronic renal failure 84 Glomerular disease (glomerulonephritis) 85 Renal disease focal (urinary tract infections, pyelonephritis, drug induced nephritis, analgesic nephropathy, unilateral renal disease, pregnancy) 86 Renal disease miscellaneous (diabetes mellitus, light chain nephropathy, myeloma, amyloidosis, hypertension) 87 Renal disease inherited (polycystic disease, Alport’s syndrome, cystinosis, adult Fanconi’s syndrome, renal tubular acidosis, amino-acidurias, medullary sponge kidney) 88NOLLONT ANVHALITBLS 08 lavaTSUNION IATL LUNN 78 ‘ananySAUTE TWNAM INOHH +8 sanawescury ‘CourucaTions ew suo sscureney DAW Du ana $f aSvESIVLANOTTRITION ” Nutrition Nutrition 1 (fat soluble vitamins, vitamin ¢, trace elements) 90 Nutrition 2 (thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, biotin, folate, vit B12 91GASTROINTESTINAL TRAC Gastrointestinal — tract | TTT symptoms & signs 94 esophagus (gastro-oesophageal reflux, carcinoma, achalasia, diffuse spasm, pharyngeal pouch, scleroderma) 95 Stomach & duodenum (peptic ulcer, gastritis, Menetrier’s disease, carcinoma) 96 Malabsorption 97 Inflammatory bowel disease (ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease) 98 Large bowel tumours (adenocarcinoma, polyps) 99 Large bowel miscellaneous (diverticular disease, irritable bowel syndrome, mesenteric ischaemia) 100 Infectious diseases (typhoid, paratyphoid, salmonella enteritis, shigella dysentery, yersinia enteritis, cholera, giardiasis, cryptosporidium, amoebiasis. clostridium difficile, viral gastroenteritis) 101 Biliary tract (gallstones, cholecystitis, sclerosing cholangitis, cholangiocarcinoma, dyskinesia) 102 Pancreatitis (acute and chronic) 103 Pancreas tumours (carcinoma, endocrine tumours) 104 Liver 1 (hepatoma, cholangiocarcinoma, secondary tumours, portal hypertension) 105 Liver 2 (fatty infiltration, drug disease, pregnancy, neonatal hepatitis, biliary atresia, Reye's syndrome, ystic fibrosis, Wilson's disease, schistosomiasis, polycystic disease, Budd-Chiari syndrome) 106 Viral hepatitis 107 Liver failure 108 109 Cirrhosis[OPEL TWNUISEINIONISYOVI WNLSINIOMISS 26 NOWLAWOSAVINN,ISVASIC-THNOA ANOLYAWENT 86 DML WNLISULNIONISEDLARGE BOWEL MISCELLANEOUS },YUL TNUSAINIONISYD(GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT LUNER. 105aan TOU TWNKLSAENIOMLSYD[VL TWNLISALNIOWISY" Zor siuubvaan watsNUSNIL TYAUSAINIOBIS! i SISOHWAIDMETABOLIC DISORDERS Metabolic disorders Diabetes 112 Diabetes mellitus complications 113, Calcium & bone 1 (hypercalcaemia, hypocalcaemia, hyperparathyroidism, osteomalacia, rickets) 114 Calcium & bone 2 (osteoporosis, Paget's disease) 115 Hyperlipoproteinaemia 116s¥ouOsta ITIOHWLAD 1 sNOLWOTIaNOD SUUITIEN SALAMAKR Endocrine [TTT TT Pituitary 1 (growth hormone, hyperprolactinaemia) 118 Pituitary 2 (hyposecretion, hypothalamic deficiency) 119 Sex hormones (delayed puberty, amenorrhoea, subfertility) 120 Thyroid disease 1 (goitre, thyrotoxicosis) 121 Thyroid disease 2 (thyroiditis, hypothyroidism, carcinoma) 122 Adrenal disorders 1 (hyperfunction, phaeochromocytoma) 123 ‘Adrenal disorders 2 (insufficiency, Addison’s disease, congenital hyperplasia) 124 Pluriglandular syndromes (multiple endocrine neoplasia, non-endocrine organs, ectopic hormones) 125LAWL 8 INROOGNEot) TANKANIIOOIN' TZ 1 aSvast CLOHAR:NIHON $1 Suauosia Naasoo ADI DISORDERS 2aNINDOUNS SANOYANAS HYLAONVTODIATECONNECTIVE TISSUE AND JOINTS Connective tissues and joints TTT | Rheumatoid arthritis 128 Ankylosing spondylitis/psoriatic arthropathy 129 Systemic lupus erythematosus 130 Systemic sclerosis 131 Polymyositisidermatomyositis 132 Necrotising arteritis (polyarteritis nodosa, temporal arteritis, Wegener's granulomatosus, hypersensitivity angiitis, Churg-Strauss syndrome, Takayasus disease, erythema nodosum) 133 Soft tissues (shoulder-hand syndrome, entrapment neuropathy, bursitis, tenosynovitis, psychogenic rheumatism, Teitze’s syndrome, polymyalgia rheumatica, enthesopathy, periarthritis) 134 Joints (bleeding disorders, avascular necrosis, hypertrophic osteoarthropathy, sickle cell disease, neuropathic joints, sarcoidosis, familial Mediterranean fever, hyperlipidaemias hypogammaglobulinaemia, leukaemia, juvenile arthritis) 135 Secondary arthritis (reactive arthritis, Reiter's syndrome, acute rheumatic fever, bowel associated arthritis, Bechet’s syndrome) 136 Deposition disorders (gout, pseudogout, hydroxyapatite arthropathy, alkaptonuria) 137 Infective arthritis (bacterial and viral) 138 Inherited disorders (Marfan’s syndrome, homocystinuria, Ehler’s Danlos syndrome, ‘osteogenesis imperfecta, mucopolysaccharidoses) 139SINIO( ANY SHASSLLAALIDANNOD ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS! PSORIATIC ARTHROPATHY 62L_AHLVdOAHLAY DILYMIOSASLLTIAGNOMS ONSOLAYNYSOSONVICHTLANH STUNT DINLSAS. O81 SLNIO ONY SADSSUL ANLEIENNODPOLYMYOSITIS DERMATOMYOSITISSUNIOCUNY SHNSSLL ZALLANNODINO: SECONDARY ARTHRITIS INV SHASSILEZSINIOf ANY SHSSULAALIIANNOD6€1 S¥aNOSTA CALREHENTNFECTIOUS DISEASES Infectious diseases Childhood viral infections (measles, rubella, mumps, hand, foot and mouth disease, varicella) 142 Upper respiratory tract 1 (streptococcal sore throat, pertussis, influenza) 143, Upper respiratory tract 2 (infectious mononucleosus, diptheria) 144 Diarrhoeal disease (traveller's diarrhoea, bacillary dysentery, amoebiasis, giardiasis) 145 CNS (meningitis, post-infectious encephalitis) 146 Miscellaneous 1 (cytomegalovirus, leptospirosis, brucellosis) 147 Miscellaneous 2 (tetanus, actinomycosis, toxoplasmosis, immunocompromised host) 148 Sexually transmitted diseases 1 (gonorrhoea, syphilis) 149 Sexually transmitted diseases 2 (non-specific urethritis, genital herpes, molluscum contagiosum, chancroid, iymphogranuloma venereum, granuloma, inguinale) 150aA COOHCID 7H ‘sIS\aSK SNOLLOANTSSISVSIC SOLLDEINTSASVISIO SOLENT ESTOANVTOSTINTropical Malaria 152 Protozoal disease (trypanosomiasis, Leishmaniasis) 153 Miscellaneous (leprosy, rabies, rickettsia) 154 Helminthic infections 1 (filariasis, hydatid) 155 Helminthic infections 2 (schistosomiasis, intestinal worms) 156HELMINTHIC INFECTIONS 1 S61 ESNOUDHNTOINENIIEEHZSNOUDAINI DIMINIVERH 951 TOON:Further reading and information Buzan T 1989 Use your head, BBC Books Buzan T 1993 The mind map book. BBC Books Buzan T 1997 The speed reading book. BBC Books Edwards C R W, Bouchier | AD, Haslett C, Chilvers £ R 1995 Davidson's principles and practice of medicine, 17th edn. Churchill Livingstone Hope R A, Longmore J M, Hodgetts T J, Ramhakha T 1993 Oxford handbook of clinical medicine, 3rd edn. Oxford University Press Read A E, Vann Jones J 1993 Essential medicine. Churchill Livingstone Souhami R L, Moxham J 1997 Textbook of medicine, 3rd edn. Churchill Livingstone For further information on Mind Map books, videos, audio tapes and other products please contact the addresses below for a brochure, UK HEAD OFFICE Buzan Centres Lt. 54 Parkstone Road Poole Dorset UK BH15 2PX Tel: 44 (0) 1202 674676 Fax: 44 (0) 1202 674776 Email: Buzan_Centres_Ltd@compuserve.com USA OFFICE Buzan Centre Inc. 415 Federal Highway Lake Park Florida USA 33403 Tel: 001 (561) 881 0188 Fax: 001 (561) 845 3210 Email: 8uzan000@aol.comMind Maps” in Medicine