94 European(e: eee reed BU ale mem: ulcer 1) eile eR UL aa ag SIL een lem Dumortieite from Tanzania with distinct pleochroism. Bil Reales Bere Ak meet Re ae Apart from microscopic observations and spectroscopic analyses (UV-Vis, NIR, FTIR, Raman) it is important to have chemical data. e2ccrov Gladefey ae eC UCL - X-ray fluorescence (ED-XRF and WD-XRF) Saul he uceueee meee RL scanning electron microscope (SEM EDS) - Electron microprobe (EMP) - Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) Bae -le-cela) inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) Features of LA ICP MS fee EU eee a + nearly all chemical elements can be analysed at oN ul ce au La) + point analysis (zoning) Bee liMul inom lu) =o) e1= 16-1 Cela} Seca ad Meer , Poteet cme Po eee Neuen keteuel as ut (tice) Eee) Aan uuimeesre cil e) Bae Uc lc Rec Beemer ie late mel are LU Clee LUD) Se Meow eNom Rye ele va ~ raw data (qualitative) has to be processed to get quantitative data Bree enol set) - spike filtering - highly sophisticated instrument CeeThe LA-ICP-MS instrument PO ol eect reac) peu Bras Petke, 2006 ere Tease Meni ee en) Pere ed eet) esd Ablation chamber Pie id conmicescope stage Ses Interface rotary pump Ce eT Tar titel Taserbean fiuid inclusion contents UoICP source and ¢ gag. mess spectrometer OT Feithe,, Univrsty Beme Local heating and vaporization CePTT T tela Te Se Seg ete aX: ETD) - laser energy (mJ) Se te sa - ablation spot diameter and depth Beem ale eure aes ar icy eet Ree ney Cee Pee Ace eM eT ovoln LL to le SUE Ru Calis acs cmt ty asta (el Pd) Be eu cK een mel miele} {a Cee) interferes with ©°Min, and 5°Fe) Se = Quadrupole vce Cee Se eel e a e ru eg aa cae Seem cure Maik komen ra Cr eaeeee eee era eee or ae aed CeeWhat do we get? Chemical concentration signal versus tim eee eae ole Bl (ole 1s am Ce Data processing Sire Mette ees tl Roa a lo) homogeneous signal { 3 Careful setting of integrals for data processing is important CeData processing eee ier eon aN lee Surface contamination ES) ole M LCL) I Wn Ballerina" troatod pearl allerina treated pearl Kashmir sapphire Fo elo] Included Ce What do we get? rw aCReulefe ie) vet pom. 3a7 1188 CeResearch at SSEF using LA-ICP-MS Sere re unc keue ay Se CE) Sere csr) Se ue Ua) Se ice ce a) Se ioe See ULC ee Ul Se Tad SR) Se nen coe - Cu-Mn bearing tourmaline from Brazil, Nigeria and Mozambique eee ry SS cra’ Ce 1. Example: beryllium diffusion treated orange sapphire CeCopper-bearing Tourmaline (,,Paraiba“) LA ICP MS analysis of ,,Paraiba“ tourmaline: Pb versus Zn (ppm) The effect of a logarithmic scale SSCP Swine Cornea IratiteWN eee nur eer ce Pb versus Ga (ppm)LA ICP MS analysis of Pear!: Regia ca Scr) freshwater pearl (China, Hyriopsis) ster rats | | ; | os abe Ce Freshwater bead in saltwater cultured pearl he ie AD, Saltwater pearls freshwater pearls og Ba (per) CeUnheated sapphire from Kashmir of 42.29 ct in corundum ee Noe aCETT yey ue ure uy Pee ey 3-dimensional jellyfish-like internal Be ee cane) eed Teh vN) Ce PCT Cl mr le) ac) SSEF Swiss Gemmological institute ‘SSEF GemLIBS CeETM aCr le Bs Je) lcd See ead Pete itas COEF wins Gommulogial lake Chrysoberyl on Sapphire concentration (ree) LA ICP MS data Sr prone) Ta (a prorie) Tha bret) ca. 1mm from chrysobery! ‘@COCF Grint Gonna latheeee aes sii Pee ac) rer) Pee SEM micrographs (backscattered electrons), showing a dense syngenatic intergrowth of Gears!Fe Ro gece Cae out) Par acs at the LA-ICP-MS in the Institute of Geotogical ec Ceres Po re ewe SSEF offers LA-ICP-MS course for gemmologists in August 2009 !