UNIT 1:
1982- MAPE
PHYSICAL EDUCATION
was introduced and the learning area
"education through the physical". It aims to involves music, arts, and physical
develop students’ physical competence and education.
knowledge of movement and safety.
In what year MAPE was introduced and it
purposely to promote the optimum involves music arts and physical education?
development of the individual physically,
socially, emotionally, and mentally through Under the 1983-2002 National Elementary
total movement in the performance of School Curriculum, music arts and PE
properly selected physical activities. (collectively termed MAPE) were integrated
in Grades I and II subjects, while MAPE,
LEGAL BASES OF TEACHING PHYSICAL
was introduced as a separate learning area
EDUCATION IN THE PHILIPPINES SETTING
in Grade III, along with the Science and
1901 Health
Physical exercise was one of the subjects Article XIV Section 19 (1) & (2) of the 1987
introduced in the public schools and regular Philippine Constitution mandates that:
program of athletics was developed.
The state shall promote physical education
1920 and encourage sports programs, league
competitions, and amateur sports, including
Physical Education was made a required subject training for international competitions, to
subjects in the curriculum of all public schools. foster self-discipline, teamwork, and
excellence for the development of a healthy
1937
and alert citizenry.
Physical Education was made curricular subject in
FUNCTIONS OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION
the secondary school curriculum.
Biologic Function- refers to the
THE GRADING SYSTEM INCLUDED AS BASIS
enhancement of the individuals' growth and
TO MARK WERE THE FOLLOWING:
development through body movement.
ATTENDANCE, PROFICIENCY IN SKILLS,
Integrative Function- refers to the
ATTITUDE, DAILY PERFORMANCE, REPORT
personality integration achieved through
AND SPORTMANSHIP
participation in properly selected physical
The School of Physical Education and Sports activities.
Development Act of 1969. A program of 3. Social Function -refers to the
activities included among others; transmitting values and standards that are
consistent with the needs and ideals of the
SECRETARY ROMULO, REPUBLICACT NO. society.
5708
KNOWN AS "THE SCHOOLS PHYSICAL
EDUCATION AND SPORTS
DEVELOPMENT ACT 1969" WAS
APPROVED BY CONGRESS ON JUNE 21
1969
OBJECTIVES OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION 7. Conservation of natural environment- such as
protection of forest and aquatic resources.
1.PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT
Through cautiously selected physical
education activities, an individual who
participates energetically will develop and
maintain good health and a high level of
physical fitness.
2. SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
Involvement in Physical Education activities
provides opportunities for the development
of enviable social traits needed for
adjustment to the social life in general.
3. EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT
The informal nature of physical education
activities offers opportunities for self-
expression and emotional mastery.
4. MENTAL DEVELOPMENT
Through participation in physical education
activities, the individual develops his mental
capacities as he learns the mechanical
principles of underlying movements.
OBJECTIVES OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION
1. KNOWLEDGE- it enhances critical thinking how
activities are done according to rules, regulations
and strategies.
2. PHYSICAL FITNESS - improves and maintains
the workload of the individual without staggering
and undue fatigue after which have time or energy
to meet some more emergencies in life.
3. SOCIAL- to understand oneself, to get along
with others for effective living.
4. MOTOR SKILLS - it is the learning of the
fundamental skills necessary for participation in
sports and games.
5. AESTHETIC -relating or responsive to or
appreciative of what is pleasurable to the senses.
6. Nationalism- preservation of cultural heritage
through - revival of indigenous games, dances and
sports.
UNIT II
AGILITY
PHYSICAL FITNESS Ability of an individual to change direction or
position in space with the quickness and
is but one part of the total fitness that lightness of movement.
includes the mental, emotional, and social
aspects of the individual's total well-being. BALANCE
is the ability to perform one's daily task
efficiently without undue fatigue but with The ability to control organic equipment
extra "reserve" in case of emergency. neuro- muscularly; a state of equilibrium.
(3) THREE IMPORTANT ASPECTS SPEED
Being able to perform one's daily tasks the ability to make successive movements
without getting too tired before the end of of the same kind in the shortest period of
the day. time.
Enjoying leisure time in some form of COMPONENTS OF PHYSICAL FITNESS
recreational activities.
Meeting emergency demands (5) components of Health Related Fitness
CONCEPTS OF PHYSICAL FITNESS 1. MUSCULAR STRENGTH
ORGANIC VIGOR refers to the ability of the muscle to exert maximum
effort in brief duration. It may be developed through
refers to the soundness of the heart and the isotonic, isometric, or isokinetic contractions.
lungs, which contributes to the ability to
resist diseases. ISOTONIC CONTRACTIONS are
voluntary contractions in which muscles
ENDURANCE shorten and lengthen alternately. The
muscle contracts at varying speed against a
the ability to sustain long-
resistance.
continuedcontractions where a number of
CONCENTRIC CONTRACTION refers to
muscle groups are used; the capacity to
muscles that shorten during exercise. There
bear or last long in a certain task without
is no movement that occurs and the length
undue fatigue.
of the muscle remains unchanged.
STRENGTH
2. ECCENTRIC CONTRACTION
the capacity to sustain the application of
refers to the muscle that lengthens during an
force without yielding or breaking; the ability
exercise. Muscles exert force due to an outside
of the muscle to exert effort against the
resistance.
resistance.
ISOMETRIC CONTRACTIONS are another
POWER
type of contractions in which the muscles
refers to the ability of the muscle to release are contracted against an immovable
maximum force in a shortest period of time. resistance.
ISOKENETIC CONTRACTIONS are similar
FLEXIBILITY to isotonic contractions but the muscles are
exposed to fixed machines with variable
quality of plasticity, which gives theability to
degrees of resistance.
do a wide range of movement
MUSCULAR ENDURANCE SOMATOTYPES
refers to the ability of the muscle to endure a sub Somatotyping or body typing is a system of
maximal effort for a prolonged period of time. classifying an individual according to the shape of
the body.
CARDIOVASCULAR ENDURANCE
ECTOMORPH
refers to the ability of the heart, blood vessels and
the lungs to adapt to physical exertion for a body type is characterized as lean and small body
prolonged duration. build with greater surface area to mass ratio.
CARDIOVASCULAR ENDURANCE PROGRAM MESOMORPH
1. INTENSITY which refers to how stressful the has a relative predominance of muscles.
exercise is.
ENDORMORPH
2. DURATION which refers to how long will the
exercise be performed. type is characterized by a relative predominance of
soft roundness and large digestive viscera.
3. FREQUENCY which refers to the number of
times the individual will exercise each week. II. PERFORMANCE RELATED FITNESS
4. MODE which refers to the kind of activity, BALANCE is the ability to maintain equilibrium in
selected such as brisk working or jogging. relation to changes in body position.
FLEXIBILITY • STATIC BALANCE is the ability to
maintain equilibrium in a fixed
is the ability of the muscles and joints to go through position such as standing on one
a full range motion. Flexibility reduces the risk of foot or on a balance beam.
injury, enhances performance and prevents muscle
soreness. • DYNAMIC BALANCE is the ability
to maintain one's equilibrium while
TYPES OF STRETCHING (BASIC METHODS the body is in motion.
USED TO DEVELOP JOINT FLEXIBILITY)
COORDINATION is the harmonious working
BALLISTIC STRETCHING- uses muscle relationship between the skeletal muscle and
contractions to force muscle elongation bobbing nerves in one aspect of movement.
DYNAMIC STRETCHING- is the use of a muscle's AGILITY is the ability of an individual to quickly
own force production and the body's momentum to shift or change direction of the body from one point
take a joint through the full available range of to another.
motion
SPEED is the ability to perform a task or move from
PROPRIOCEPTIVE NEUROMUSCULAR one point to another in the shortest possible time.
FACILITATION (PNF)- contract-relax approach to
stretching. POWER is the ability to perform one maximum
effort in a short period of time.
BENEFITS OF PHYSICAL FITNESS
VITALITY
Muscles are basic for all body action.
POSTURE
A physically fit person is able to maintain
his general postural alignment better than
one weak musculature.
RELIEVES LOWBACK PAIN
A lack of physical activity has been found to
be major cause for some cases of pain in
the lower back.
RETARDS AGING PROCESS
Continued participation in regular exercises
of the proper amount and severity is of
considerable value in postponing that
usually takes place as a person grows old.
PHYSICAL FITNESS AND ABILITY TO MEET
EMERGENCIES.
The body that is accustomed to sedentary
living habits can usually operate
ineffectively even though it is operating at
near maximum effort.
NEUROMUSCULAR SKILL
The smooth, efficient coordination of the
muscular system is improved as a result of
regular participation in physical activity.
RELAXATION
Overactive minds in underactive bodies
often need physical outlets for accumulated
emotional and muscular tensions that seem
to be relieved by actions of the skeletal
muscle
MENTAL FITNESS
Because of the mental and physical
relaxation that often results from
physical activity
GENERAL GROWTH
The physically fit person usually
possesses a high degree of general
resistance, which enables him in
successfully avoiding minor illness.
