MIND NURTURE KRISHNA Page 1 of 3

NATIONAL HEALTH POLICY

• The Alma-Ata Declaration of 1978 emerged as a major milestone of the twentieth century in the field of
public health, and it identified primary health care as the key to the attainment of the goal of “Health for
All”.
• National health policy of India was framed after above declaration.
• The ministry of health and family welfare evolved a National Health Policy in 1983, keeping in view the
national commitment to attain the goal health for all by 2000 A.D.
• The policy lays stress on the preventive, promotive, public health and rehabilitation aspects of health care.

➢ NATIONAL HEALTH POLICY (1983):-

• To attain the objectives “Health for all by 2000 AD”, the Union Ministry of Health and Welfare
formulated National Health Policy 1983.
• Key elements of national health policy 1983:-
i) Creation of greater awareness of health problems in the community and means to solve the
problems by the community.
ii) Supply of safe drinking water and basic sanitation using technologies that people can afford.
iii) Reduction of existing imbalance in health services by concentrating more on the rural health
infrastructure.
iv) Establishing of dynamic health management information system to support health planning and
health program implementation.
v) Provision of legislative support to health protection and promotion.
vi) Concerned actions to combat wide spread malnutrition.
vii) Research in alternative method of health care delivery and low cost health technologies.
viii) Greater co-ordination of different system of medicine.

❖ National health Policy 2002

➢ Objectives:
• Achieving an acceptable standard of good health of Indian Population
• Decentralizing public health system by upgrading infrastructure in existing institutions.
• Ensuring a more equitable access to health service across the social and geographical expanse
of India.
• Enhancing the contribution of private sector in providing health service for people who can
afford to pay.
• Giving primacy for prevention and first line curative initiative.
• Emphasizing rational use of drugs.
• Increasing access to systems of Traditional Medicine

➢ Goals- NHP 2002

• Eradication of Polio & Yaws by 2005
• Elimination of Leprosy by 2005
• Elimination of Kala-azar by 2010
• Elimination of lymphatic Filariasis by 2015
• Achieve of Zero level growth of HIV/AIDS by 2007
• Reduction of mortality by 50% on account of Tuberculosis, Malaria, Other vector and water
borne Diseases by 2010
• Reduce prevalence of blindness to 0.5% by 2010
• Reduction of IMR to 30/1000 & MMR to 100/lakh by 2010
• Increase utilization of public health facilities from current level of <20% to > 75% by 2010
• Establishment of an integrated system of surveillance, National Health Accounts and Health
Statistics by 2007
• Increase health expenditure by government as a % of GDP from the existing 0.9% to 2.0% by
2010
• Increase share of Central grants to constitute at least 25% of total health spending by 2010
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❖ NATIONAL HEALTH POLICY (2017):-

• Aim –
• The primary aim of the National Health Policy, 2017, is to inform, clarify, strengthen and
prioritize the role of the Government in shaping health systems in all its dimensions
➢ Objectives
• Improve health status through concerted(ठोस) policy action in all sectors and expand
preventive, promotive(प्रोत्साहक), curative, palliative(आराम दे नेवाला) and rehabilitative
services provided through the public health sector with focus on quality.
➢ Key Policy Principles
1. Professionalism, Integrity and Ethics:
• The health policy commits itself to the highest professional standards, integrity
and ethics to be maintained in the entire system of health care delivery in the
country, supported by a credible, transparent and responsible regulatory
environment.
2. Equity:
• Reducing inequity would mean affirmative(सकारात्मक) action to reach the
poorest.
• It would mean minimizing disparity(असमानता) on account of gender, poverty,
caste, disability, other forms of social exclusion(बहहष्कार) and geographical
barriers.
• It would imply greater investments and financial protection for the poor who
suffer the largest burden of disease.
3. Affordability:
• As costs of care increases, affordability, as distinct from equity, requires
emphasis.
•Catastrophic(भयंकर) household health care expenditures defined as health
expenditure exceeding 10% of its total monthly consumption expenditure or
40% of its monthly non-food consumption expenditure, are unacceptable.
4. Universality:
• Prevention of exclusions on social, economic or on grounds of current health
status.
• In this backdrop(प्रष्ठभूमम), systems and services are envisaged(उल्ललखित) to be
designed to cater to the entire population- including special groups.
5. Patient Cantered & Quality of Care:
• Gender sensitive, effective, safe, and convenient healthcare services to be
provided with dignity and confidentiality.
• There is need to evolve and disseminate standards and guidelines for all levels of
facilities and a system to ensure that the quality of healthcare is not
compromised.
6. Accountability:
• Financial and performance accountability, transparency in decision making, and
elimination of corruption in health care systems, both in public and private.
7. Inclusive Partnerships:
• A multistakeholder approach with partnership & participation of all non-health
ministries and communities. This approach would include partnerships with
academic institutions, not for profit agencies, and health care industry as well.
8. Pluralism:
• Patients who so choose and when appropriate, would have access to AYUSH
care providers.
• These systems, would also have Government support in research and
supervision to develop and enrich their contribution to meeting the national
health goals and objectives through integrative practices.
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9. Decentralization:
• Decentralisation of decision making to a level as is consistent with practical
considerations and institutional capacity.
• Community participation in health planning processes, to be promoted side by
side.

10. Dynamism and Adaptiveness:

• Constantly improving organization of health care based on new knowledge and
evidence with learning from the communities and from national and
international knowledge partners is designed.
➢ Goals To Be Achieved
• Increase Life Expectancy from 67.5 to 70 by 2025.
• Establish regular tracking of Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALY) Index as a measure of burden of
disease by 2022.
• Reduction of total fertility rate (TFR) to 2.1 at national and sub-national level by 2025.
• Reduce Under Five Mortality to 23 by 2025 and MMR from current levels to 100 by 2020.
• Reduce infant mortality rate to 28 by 2019.
• Reduce neo-natal mortality to 16 and still birth rate to ‘single digit’ by 2025.
• Achieve and maintain elimination status of Leprosy by 2018.
• Kala-Azar by 2017 and Lymphatic Filariasis in endemic pockets by 2017.
• To achieve and maintain a cure rate of >85% in new sputum positive patients for TB and reduce
incidence of new cases, to reach elimination status by 2025.
• To reduce the prevalence of blindness to 0.25/ 1000 by 2025.
• To reduce premature mortality from cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes or chronic respiratory
diseases by 25% by 2025.
• Increase utilization of public health facilities by 50% from current levels by 2025.
• Antenatal care coverage to be sustained above 90% and skilled attendance at birth above 90% by
2025.
• More than 90% of the new born are fully immunized by one year of age by 2025.
• Meet need of family planning above 90% at national and sub national level by 2025.
• 80% of known hypertensive and diabetic individuals at household level maintain ‘controlled disease
status’ by 2025.
• Relative reduction in prevalence of current tobacco use by 15% by 2020 and 30% by 2025.
• 40% Reduction in prevalence of stunting of under-five children by 2025.
• Safe water and sanitation to all by 2020 (Swachh Bharat Mission).
• Reduction of occupational injury by half from current levels of 334 per lakh agricultural workers by
2020.
• Increase health expenditure by Government from the existing 1.15%(GDP) to 2.5 %(GDP) by 2025.
• Increase State sector health spending, to > 8% of their budget by 2020.
• Decrease in proportion of households facing catastrophic health expenditure from the current levels
by 25%, by 2025.
• Ensure district-level electronic database of information on health system components by 2020.
Strengthen the health surveillance system by 2020.

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