Grammar Practice Worksheets

Adjective Clauses
Table of Contents
2 Grammar Notes
Adjectives Clauses

8 Exercise 1
Adjective Clauses in Context

9 Exercise 2
Formality

10 Exercise 3
Punctuation

11 Exercise 4
Sentence Completion

12 Exercise 5
About Me

13 Exercise 6
Listening

14 Exercise 7
Error Correction

15 Exercise 8
Find Someone Who/Whose

16 Exercise 9
Writing

17 Exercise 10
Review

19 Exercise 11
Quiz

21 Grammar Assessment

22 Self-Assessment

23 Answer Key

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Grammar Notes
ADJECTIVE CLAUSES

A. Introduction to Adjective Clauses

An adjective clause (also called a relative clause) is a type of dependent

clause that describes a noun. Adjective clauses usually begin with a
relative pronoun and can modify a subject or object noun from the main
sentence. Adjective clauses can also modify an entire sentence or indicate
possession or an amount.

B. Relative Pronouns

Look at the following chart and note the adjective clauses in bold.
Which nouns are these clauses modifying? Are they modifying subject
or object nouns or the entire sentence?

# Modified Noun Relative Pronoun Example

The conference attendees who I met yesterday were

1 person who, whom, that, 0/
back at the booth today.

Hurricane Katrina, which took place in August 2005,

2 thing which, that, 0/
caused an untold amount of destruction.

3 place where, which, that, 0/ This is the city where I grew up.

I will never forget the day when my team won the

4 time when, which, that, 0/
basketball championship game.

The man whose dog is always barking refuses to listen

5 possession whose
to my complaints.

quantity word + of She has read three magazines, one of which she
6 amount
+ whom/which bought at the airport.

Nico studied all night, which made him feel groggy

7 entire sentence which
the next day.

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Grammar Notes cont.

C. Formality Scales

The choice of relative pronoun depends on two things: 1) whether it’s

the subject or object of the adjective clause, and 2) the formality of the
spoken or written sentence. When you speak or write in English, decide
how formal the situation is and then choose an appropriate pronoun. For
example, in an academic essay, use the most formal pronoun, but when
speaking to or texting with a friend, use the least formal one.

1. People

Relative Pronoun as a Subject

Formality Relative Pronoun Example

The man who is standing by the door was my teacher in

formal who
elementary school.

The man that is standing by the door was my teacher in

informal that
elementary school.

Relative Pronoun as an Object

Formality Relative Pronoun Example

formal whom The woman whom I met yesterday was kind.

who The woman who I met yesterday was kind.

that The woman that I met yesterday was kind.

informal 0/ The woman I met yesterday was kind.

Note #1
Adjective clauses that begin with whom are very formal and not used very
often. They are occasionally used for formal writing or speaking (academic,
legal, etc.).

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Grammar Notes cont.

C. Formality Scales cont.

2. Things

Relative Pronoun as a Subject

Formality Relative Pronoun Example

The Titanic, which is my favorite movie, stars

formal which
Leonardo DiCaprio and Kate Winslet.

The scary movie that was playing at this theater last week was
informal that
great, but I can’t remember the title.

Relative Pronoun as an Object

Formality Relative Pronoun Example

The Da Vinci Code, which I read last month, was

formal which
a good book.

that The book that I read last month was good.

informal 0/ The book I read last month was good.

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Grammar Notes cont.

C. Formality Scales cont.

3. Places

Relative Pronoun as a Subject

Formality Relative Pronoun Example

formal which France, which is famous for wine, is located in Europe.

informal that A country that is famous for wine is France.

Relative Pronoun as an Object

Formality Relative Pronoun Example

any situation where The city where I live is very crowded.

formal in/at which The city in which I live is very crowded.

Hong Kong, which I’d like to visit someday,

which
is very crowded.

that The city that I live in is very crowded.

informal 0/ The city I live in is very crowded.

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Grammar Notes cont.

C. Formality Scales cont.

4. Time

Relative Pronoun as a Subject

Formality Relative Pronoun Example

April 14, which is my favorite day of the whole year,

formal which
is my birthday.

The day that is my favorite of the whole year

informal that
is April 14.

Relative Pronoun as an Object

Formality Relative Pronoun Example

any situation when Midnight is the time when I like to go to bed.

formal in/at which Midnight is the hour at which I like to go to bed.

Midnight, which is also called the witching hour, is my

which
usual bedtime.

that Midnight is the time that I like to go to bed.

informal 0/ Midnight is the time I like to go to bed.

Note #2
Adjective clauses for places and time that begin with preposition + which are
very formal and not used very often. They are occasionally used for formal
writing or speaking (academic, legal, etc.).

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Grammar Notes cont.

D. Punctuation with Restrictive & Non-Restrictive Clauses

1. Restrictive Clauses 2. Non-Restrictive Clauses

Restrictive adjective clauses, also called defining Non-restrictive adjective clauses, also called non-
adjective clauses, provide information that is necessary defining adjective clauses, add extra information to
to define a noun. In other words, we wouldn’t know a noun. The information in this type of clause is not
which noun someone was talking about without this necessary to define the noun. The subject or object
clause to explain it. The subject or object nouns nouns being modified are usually proper nouns that
being modified are usually common nouns that are are capitalized. These types of clauses
preceded by the article “the.” These types of clauses require a comma.
don’t require a comma.
• Julia recommended Avengers: Endgame, which she
• The movie that I watched last night was watched last night.
really good.
• My brother, who works at a vet’s office, likes cats
• I recommend talking to the person who is in more than dogs.
charge of admissions.
• Rome, where I lived last summer, has a lot of
• The town where I grew up is full of famous sightseeing spots.
interesting people.

Note #3
When modifying a subject or object noun that is a thing in American
and Canadian English, “which” is used in restrictive clauses and “that” is
used in non‑restrictive clauses, regardless of formality. Look back to the
“things” charts on page 4. Which clauses are restrictive and which are
non‑restrictive? How can you tell?

Note #4
 he verb in the adjective clause must agree in number with the noun it
T
modifies in both restrictive and non-restrictive clauses.

• Anyone who is present at the meeting will get to vote.

• My classmates, who are intelligent people, all passed the final exam
with flying colors.

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Exercise 1
ADJECTIVE CLAUSES IN CONTEXT

Read the story and underline or highlight all the adjective clauses.

My favorite sport is played during the summer. It is a sport that requires

nine players on each team. The people who play this sport must be fast,

brave, and intelligent. Players who are fast and brave will be able to react

quickly to a ball that often travels at 90 miles (about 145 kilometers) an

hour or more. Players who are intelligent will be able to decide what to do

before the ball comes to them, and will react quickly and correctly even

when they cannot watch the other players.

My favorite sport is interesting to watch. People who watch the game

have a chance to discuss the strategy of the teams and the quality of the

players. Spectators who understand the game well know that they have to

watch two places on the field at the same time: the place where the ball is

and the place where the runner is.

What’s my favorite sport?

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Exercise 2
FORMALITY

A. Read & Label

Read the following sentences and analyze differences in levels of formality.

Label the sentences in each group from 1 (most formal) to 4–5 (least formal).

Set 1

1 a) The man about whom I was informing you is sitting in the corner.
b) The woman I was talking about is wearing the red dress.
c) The guy that I was telling you about is dating my friend.
d) The girl who I told you about works with me.
e) The person whom I spoke about is my boss.

Set 2

a) The book about which I spoke of came out last year.

b) The novel that I was talking about was published in Korea in 2007.
c) The Catcher in the Rye, which was set in the 1950s, was written by J. D. Salinger.
d) The story I told you about was written in Chinese.

Set 3

a) The home in which I was brought up was on the same street as my school.
b) The house where I spent my childhood had two floors.
c) The house I grew up in had a large kitchen.
d) The house that I was raised in had a large kitchen.
e) That big house, which was my childhood home, is made of bricks.

B. Discuss

Now get into groups and discuss the following questions:

• When would you use the first sentence in each group?

• Which sentence from each group is the most common in casual speech?
• Which type of adjective clause would you normally use in writing?
How about in speaking? Why?
• Is the word “whom” common?

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Exercise 3
PUNCTUATION

Punctuate the following sentences according to the rules in the Grammar Notes on page 7.
Note that some sentences will not require any punctuation.

Ex. Enzo is a vegetarian[,] which means that he does not eat meat.

1. The man who stole my car was wearing a black mask.

2. Bill O’Grady comes from a small town which means that everyone knows everyone else.

3. She saw a picture of Paul who has a scar on his nose.

4. The photograph in the magazine showed a woman whose hair was very short.

5. I know Henri’s sister whose name is Nicolette.

6. Dr. Seismore who is a retired obstetrician still loves to talk to pregnant women.

7. The meal that Connie served last night was spicy which meant that I drank water all night.

8. Hal has fond memories of his hometown which is located on a lake.

9. Bobby met his girlfriend in Asti’s restaurant where the servers sing during the meal.

10. This is the photographer who I was telling you about five minutes ago.

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Exercise 4
SENTENCE COMPLETION

Complete the following sentences using the information in parentheses.

Be careful to use the correct verb tenses and to punctuate carefully.

Ex. Hyenas , which live in Africa , are very fast runners.

(Hyenas live in Africa.)

1. John F. Kennedy was the youngest president in history.

(JFK was assassinated in 1963.)

2. The pizzeria served expensive food.

(We ate there yesterday.)

3. My dog died yesterday .

(It made me very sad.)

4. Sunday is the day .

(I sleep late on Sundays.)

5. Fatima went to the mall without me .

(It was not a nice thing to do.)

6. Marta is the type of boss .

(Marta is easy to work with.)

7. Sushi is a meal .
(I love sushi.)

8. Alexander Ovechkin comes from Russia.

(Alexander is an excellent hockey player.)

9. Pizza is my favorite food.

(Pizza is inexpensive.)

10. Sachiko’s sister lives in Tokyo .

(Tokyo is the capital of Japan.)

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Exercise 5
ABOUT ME

Complete the following sentences about yourself. Be careful to use the

correct verb tenses. When you’re finished writing, share your answers with
a partner or group.

Ex. When I travel, I love to visit sites where I can learn about the history of that city .

1. I always try to do things .

2. I admire people .

3. I would never marry a person .

4. I want to travel to a place .

5. One of my favorite memories is the time .

6. I would never say something .

7. One of the best days I’ve ever had was the day .

8. When I go shopping, I like to buy things .

9. I would never want to live in a place .

10. I hope my friends see me as someone .

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Exercise 6
LISTENING

Listen to the following story and fill in the missing words. How many
adjective clauses does this story contain? How many are restrictive and
how many are non-restrictive?

I think that I have a typical modern family. I am 24 years old,

1
and I two sisters and two . I live in a
2 3
very big house is located in Washington, DC. My father and
4
mother divorced five years , and I went
5 6
to with my father. Last year, got married to
7 8
a woman has three children of her own. Now we all live together
9
in one home. Maria, is stepsister, is a
10 11
12-year-old girl hair is long and curly.
12
Tony, stepbrother, is very different. He is a serious
13
boy who plays video games are made by Sony.
14 15
stepmother, is the manager of a fast-food restaurant, is 18 years
16
younger than my father. One month ago, my father and his wife had a

baby boy, is my half brother. Last week, when my mother

17
came to pick me up at my school, I major in psychology, I
18
told my friend David, has a good sense of humor, “I have to
19
run. My stepmother has come to me up.” Harry looked at the
20
woman, looked more like my sister my
21 22
stepmother, and said, “Your stepmother looks like she is the same age as you!

What an interesting you have!” And I think

23
I do, makes life much more .
24 25

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Exercise 7
ERROR CORRECTION

Find at least one error in each sentence

and correct it on the line below.

Ex. The student who book was left in the classroom is studying with Dr. Lopez.

The student whose book was left in the classroom is studying with Dr. Lopez.

1. He used to live in Colombia, that is a Spanish-speaking country.

2. The woman who her name is Dina come from Tunisia.

3. Mitt Romney, who a politician from Massachusetts might run for president.

4. Julia never talks to people which don’t speak her language.

5. Ali who work in a large company which located in northern Quebec.

6. Messi won two championships who was born in a small town in Argentina.

7. Barbara has a house that overlooking the river.

8. She will never forget the day when celebrated her twenty-first birthday.

9. Ji Na comes from a place where is very cold almost all year.

10. Bollywood makes more films than Hollywood which is the movie capital of India.

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Exercise 8
FIND SOMEONE WHO/ WHOSE...

Make your own “Find Someone Who” survey! Complete the chart with
eight more adjective clauses. Include clauses with “who” and “whose.”
Then walk around the classroom and ask your classmates your questions.

# Find someone... Classmate’s Name

1 who prioritizes health over wealth.

2 whose values are similar to your own.

10

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Exercise 9
WRITING

Write a short essay using as many adjective clauses as you can.

Make sure you vary the types of nouns you modify. Also, use both
restrictive and non-restrictive clauses and punctuate them carefully.

Choose one of the following topics or think of your own topic.

Use your notebook if you run out of room.

• Talk about your future plans/goals.

• Describe a past vacation.

• Talk about your hometown.

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Exercise 10
REVIEW

A. Reading

1) Abraham Lincoln was born in a log cabin in Kentucky on

February 12, 1809. 2) His family later moved to Indiana. 3) He was given
little formal education. 4) Abraham Lincoln walked miles to borrow books
and read them by firelight to educate himself. 5) He held several jobs in
Illinois. 6) His law practice in Illinois became successful. 7) He had a famous
series of debates with Stephen Douglas in 1858. 8) He lost to Douglas in
the election for senator, but he gained a national reputation. 9) He was
elected president in 1860. 10) In the same year, the Civil War began, and
he claimed broad executive powers. 11) Some people said that these
powers were dictatorial. 12) He lacked a competent military commander
for the Northern Army. 13) He suffered several serious defeats. 14) One
of these defeats was the first Battle of Bull Run. 15) In the Emancipation
Proclamation, he declared that the slaves were free. 16) Military successes
helped him gain re-election in 1864. 17) Unlike many members of
Congress, he wanted to be lenient and forgiving with the Southern states.
18) John Wilkes Booth shot Lincoln on April 14, 1865. 19) Lincoln died the
next morning.

B. Form New Sentences

After reading the article, follow the instructions below to form new
sentences using adjective clauses.

1. Combine sentences 1 and 3 into one sentence by using the relative pronoun who.

 hange sentence 2 to an adjective clause that begins with the relative pronoun whose and combine it
2. C
with sentence 1.

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Exercise 10 cont.
 hange sentence 6 to an adjective clause that begins with the relative pronoun where and combine it
3. C
with sentence 5.

 hange sentence 10 to an adjective clause that begins with the relative pronoun when and combine it
4. C
with sentence 9.

 hange sentence 11 to an adjective clause that begins with the relative pronoun that and combine it
5. C
with sentence 10.

 hange sentence 14 to an adjective clause that begins with an expression of quantity (one of which) and
6. C
combine it with sentence 13.

7.  hange sentence 18 to an adjective clause that begins with the relative pronoun whom and combine it
C
with sentence 19.

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Exercise 11
QUIZ

Circle the correct answer.

1. I will never forget the time I lost the keys 5. I have three brothers living in Texas, one
to my house. of is a meditation teacher in Houston.

a) where a) whom
b) when b) who
c) during which c) that
d) who d) which

2. Harry got fired from his job, meant that 6. Giovanni has a cousin nose is
he could collect unemployment insurance for incredibly long.
26 weeks.
a) who
a) that b) who’s
b) which c) whose
c) who d) that’s
d) on which
7. The people the singer danced along
3. The doctor treated the wounded man at the to the music.
hotel he had been shot.
a) that were watching
a) who b) whose where watching
b) where c) which were watching
c) which d) which watched
d) on which
8. Vincent Van Gogh was the type of
4. The house Mary grew up is now owned painter use of colors was extraordinary.
by a minister and his wife.
a) who his
a) where b) that
b) that c) who
c) which d) whose
d) when

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Exercise 11 cont.
9. I discussed the ethical question with 13. Jose played soccer for a team lost every
Professor Mayer teaches philosophy game it played.
and religion.
a) which
a) , who b) that
b) who c) which it
c) that d) that it
d) , that
14. The movie last Saturday was incredibly dull.
10. Hyenas are rather small animals, are able to
a) I went to it
get food through cunning.
b) I went to
a) that c) that I went
b) , which d) which I went
c) which
d) , that 15. The performer at the concert yesterday
danced better than Jennifer Lopez.
11. France people eat a great deal of cheese
a) which I saw
and drink lots of red wine, has a low incidence of
b) that I saw her
heart attacks.
c) who I saw her
a) where d) I saw
b) , where
c) which
d) that

12. I would never sit next to a person like

raw garlic.

a) who he smelled
b) whose smell
c) who smelled
d) that he smelled

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Grammar Assessment
Student / Group:

Date Level Assessed By Target Skill

Adjective Clauses Grammar

Achieved Achieved with Help Needs Improvement

Criteria

forms adjective clauses

correctly in writing

uses adjective clauses

correctly in speaking

uses relative pronouns as

subjects and objects correctly

uses the appropriate verb

tenses in adjective clauses

punctuates adjective
clauses correctly

understands the differences

in formality in all types of
adjective clauses

knows how to combine simple

sentences into complex ones
using adjective clauses

Notes

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Self-Assessment
ADJECTIVE CLAUSES

Add check marks () to show what you've learned in this lesson.

Name: Date:

Yes (very well) Yes (with help) Not yet

Can I...

form adjective clauses correctly in writing?

use adjectives clauses correctly in speaking?

punctuate adjective clauses correctly in writing?

use adjective clauses with the

appropriate formality?

combine simple sentences into complex ones

using adjective clauses?

My Notes

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Answer Key
LESSON DESCRIPTION: LEVEL: High Int

In this lesson, students learn how to use adjective clauses to define TIME: 2–3 hours
nouns. They also study the formality of various clauses and learn to
TAGS: adjective clauses, relative clauses, dependent clauses,
punctuate clauses correctly.
relative pronouns, who, whom, that, which, when,
where, restrictive, non-restrictive, commas, comma
placement, formality, formal, informal, sentence position,
assessment, grammar, grammar practice exercises

Grammar Notes NOTE #1

1. Restrictive Clauses:
Go over the grammar notes as a class. For more information and
examples, see our editor’s blog posts: https://blog.esllibrary. • The Titanic, which is my favorite movie, stars

com/2014/05/08/restrictive-non-restrictive-adjective-clauses/ Leonardo DiCaprio and Kate Winslet.

and https://blog.esllibrary.com/2014/05/15/relative-pronouns- • The Da Vinci Code, which I read last month, was

formality-scales/ a good book.

2. Non-Restrictive Clauses:
B. RELATIVE PRONOUNS
• The scary movie that was playing at this theater last
1. “Who I met yesterday” modifies “attendees,” a subject noun. week was great, but I can’t remember the title.
2. “Which took place in August 2005” modifies “Hurricane Katrina,” • The book that I read last month was good.
a subject noun. • The book I read last month was good.
3. “Where I grew up” modifies “city,” an object noun.
4. “When my team won the basketball championship game” You can tell by the choice of pronouns (which for restrictive and that

modifies “day,” an object noun. for non-restrictive) and punctuation (commas for restrictive and no

5. “Whose dog is always barking” modifies “man,” a subject noun. commas for non-restrictive).

6. “One of which she bought at the airport” modifies “magazines,”

an object noun. (continued on the next page...)

7. “Which made him feel groggy the next day” modifies the
entire sentence.

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Answer Key cont.

Exercise 1 B. DISCUSS

Discussion answers may vary. Possible answers:

My favorite sport is played during the summer. It is a sport that
requires nine players on each team. The people who play this • The first sentence in each group would likely only be used

sport must be fast, brave, and intelligent. Players who are fast and in very formal writing or speaking (e.g., in academic essays,

brave will be able to react quickly to a ball that often travels 90 presentations, legal documents, etc.).

miles (about 145 kilometers) an hour or more. Players who are • Dropping the relative pronoun is the most common clause

intelligent will be able to decide what to do before the ball comes form in casual speech (Set 1 b, Set 2 d, Set 3 c).

to them, and will react quickly and correctly even when they cannot • Answers will vary. Popular choices for writing would be Set 1

watch the other players. c/d, Set 2 b/c, Set 3 b/d/e, and for speaking Set 1 b/c, Set 2 b/d,
Set 3 b/c/d).
My favorite sport is interesting to watch. People who watch the • No, “whom” is not common. It is usually only used in formal
game have a chance to discuss the strategy of the teams and the writing and speaking.
quality of the players. Spectators who understand the game
well know that they have to watch two places on the field at the
same time: the place where the ball is and the place where the Exercise 3
runner is. Wise spectators know that the players often make
beautiful patterns on the field as they line up to relay the ball in 1. no punctuation

order to catch a runner. 2. Bill O’Grady comes from a small town[,] which means that
everyone knows everyone else.
What’s my favorite sport? Answer: Baseball
3. She saw a picture of Paul[,] who has a scar on his nose.
4. no punctuation
Exercise 2 5. I know Henri’s sister[,] whose name is Nicolette.
6. Dr. Seismore[,] who is a retired obstetrician[,] still loves to talk
A. READ & LABEL to pregnant women.
7. The meal that Connie served last night was spicy[,] which
Set 1
meant that I drank water all night.
a) 1 b) 5 c) 4 d) 3 e) 2 8. Hal has fond memories of his hometown[,] which is located
on a lake.
Set 2
9. Bobby met his girlfriend in Asti’s restaurant[,] where the
a) 1 b) 3 c) 2 d) 4 servers sing during the meal.
10. no punctuation
Set 3
(continued on the next page...)
Answers may vary for the formality position of the clause
with where.

a) 1 b) 3 c) 5 d) 4 e) 2

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 Adjective Clauses
Grammar Practice Worksheets

Answer Key cont.

Exercise 4 Exercise 6

Answers may vary. This story contains 12 adjective clauses (in bold in the transcript
below). There are five restrictive clauses (with no commas) and
1. John F. Kennedy, who was assassinated in 1963, was the
seven non-restrictive clauses (with commas).
youngest president in history.
2. The pizzeria where we ate yesterday served expensive food. 1. that 10. who 19. who
3. My dog died yesterday, which made me very sad. 2. have 11. my 20. pick
4. Sunday is the day when/that I sleep late. 3. brothers 12. whose 21. who
5. Fatima went to the mall without me, which was not a nice 4. that 13. my 22. than
thing to do. 5. got 14. that 23. family
6. Marta is the type of boss who/that is easy to work with. 6. ago 15. My 24. which
7. Sushi is a meal that I love. 7. live 16. who 25. interesting
8. Alexander Ovechkin, who is an excellent hockey player, 8. he 17. who
comes from Russia. 9. who 18. where
9. Pizza, which is inexpensive, is my favorite food.
I think that I have a typical modern family. I am 24 years old, and
10. Sachiko’s sister lives in Tokyo, which is the capital of Japan.
I have two sisters and two brothers. I live in a very big house that
is located in Washington, DC. My father and mother got divorced
Exercise 5 five years ago, and I went to live with my father. Last year, he got
married to a woman who has three children of her own. Now
Answers will vary. Monitor your students for correct verb tenses
we all live together in one home. Maria, who is my stepsister, is a
and punctuation. Encourage them to use different types of clauses,
12-year-old girl whose hair is long and curly. Tony, my stepbrother,
and watch for accidental adjective phrase usage. Follow up by
is very different. He is a serious boy who plays video games that
having students share their answers in pairs, groups, or with the
are made by Sony. My stepmother, who is the manager of a
whole class.
fast-food restaurant, is 18 years younger than my father. One
month ago, my father and his wife had a baby boy, who is my half
brother. Last week, when my stepmother came to pick me up at
my school, where I major in psychology, I told my friend David,
who has a good sense of humor, “I have to run. My stepmother
has come to pick me up.” Harry looked at the woman, who looked
more like my sister than my mother, and said, “Your stepmother
looks like she is the same age as you! What an interesting family you
have!” And I think I do, which makes life much more interesting.

(continued on the next page...)

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 Adjective Clauses
Grammar Practice Worksheets

Answer Key cont.

Exercise 7 3. He held several jobs in Illinois, where his law practice
became successful.

Answers may vary. 4. He was elected in 1860, when the Civil War began.
5. In the same year, the Civil War began, and he claimed broad
1. He used to live in Colombia, which is a executive powers that some people said were dictatorial.
Spanish-speaking country. 6. He suffered several serious defeats, one of which was the
2. The woman whose name is Dina comes from Tunisia. first Battle of Bull Run.
3. Mitt Romney, who is a politician from Massachusetts, might 7. Lincoln, whom John Wilkes Booth shot on April 14, 1865, died
run for president. the next morning.
4. Julia never talks to people who/that don’t speak her language.
5. Ali works in a large company that is located in
northern Quebec.
Exercise 11
6. Messi, who was born in a small town in Argentina,
1. b 4. a 7. a 10. b 13. b
won two championships.
2. b 5. a 8. d 11. b 14. b
7. Barbara has a house that overlooks the river.
3. b 6. c 9. a 12. c 15. d
8. She will never forget the day when she celebrated her
twenty-first birthday.
9. Ji Na comes from a place where it is very cold almost all year. Grammar Assessment
10. Bollywood, which is the movie capital of India, makes more
films than Hollywood. Use this tool for assessment purposes. Find Assessment Tools that
you can personalize in our Resources section:

Exercise 8 https://esllibrary.com/resources

Answers will vary. Monitor your students for correct adjective Self-Assessment
clause formation. Follow up by having them talk to different
classmates and writing down their names when appropriate. Have your students fill out this form.

Exercise 9 SPELLING NOTE:

This lesson shows the American spelling of the words Favorite,

Answers will vary. Monitor your students for correct verb tenses
Humor, Half brother, Kilometers, and Colors. Most other English-
and punctuation.
speaking countries spell these words this way: Favourite, Humour,
Half‑brother, Kilometres, and Colours. Make it a challenge for your
Exercise 10 students to find these words in the lesson and see if they know
the alternate spellings.
Answers will vary. Sample answers:

1. Abraham Lincoln, who was given little formal education, was

born in a log cabin in Kentucky on February 12, 1809.
2. Abraham Lincoln, whose family later moved to Indiana, was
born in a log cabin in Kentucky on February 12, 1809.

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