2020 5th International Conference on Recent Trends on Electronics, Information, Communication & Technology (RTEICT-2020), November 12th &

13th 2020

28GHz Millimeter Wave Rectangular Microstrip

2020 International Conference on Recent Trends on Electronics, Information, Communication & Technology (RTEICT) | 978-1-7281-9772-2/20/$31.00 ©2020 IEEE | DOI: 10.1109/RTEICT49044.2020.9315599

Patch Antenna for 5G Communication

Prateek Patel Devendra Kumar Meda
Department of E&TC Engineering Department of E&TC Engineering
Jabalpur Engineering College, Jabalpur Jabalpur Engineering College, Jabalpur
Madhya Pradesh, India Madhya Pradesh, India
prateekpatel789@gmail.com dmeda@jecjabalpur.ac.in

Abstract- This paper presents a 28GHz Rectangular antenna design has three layers as the ground, dielectric and
Microstrip Patch Antenna for 5G Communication. This patch as shown in Fig-1, ground layer and the patch layer
antenna is designed to achieve higher bandwidth, higher made up conducting material and the dielectric layer is made
gain and better return loss for 5G cellular applications. It up of RT Duriod 5880 and covers the 28GHz frequency band.
has a compact size of (6.2mm X 7.2mm) antenna at This proposed antenna design is linearly polarized and it is
operating frequency 28GHz. The proposed antenna return simple or easy to fabricate and has a stable radiation pattern.
loss is -26.40 dB, Bandwidth is 1.102 GHz, this proposed In the proposed antenna design assigned boundary to the
antenna design is light weighted, small size and low ground and the patch as the finite conductor, also design a
fabrication cost and achieved a good gain of 7.4 dB and radiation box with the boundary condition of radiation which
VSWR 1.018 at operating frequency 28GHz. All the specifies the free space radiation from the antenna. A radiation
parameter of the antenna optimized and simulated using the boundary is used to specify the radiation pattern in the infinite
ANSYS HFSS simulation software. free space to maximum absorption and minimize the reflection
from the outer surface of the antenna.
Keywords—Micro-strip, Gain, Return Loss, VSWR,
II. ANTENNA DESIGN AND ANALYSIS
Radiation Pattern, HFSS, 28GHz, Millimeter Wave.
The proposed antenna design or fabricated using RT
I. INTRODUCTION
Duriod 5880 substrate, dielectric constant of 2.2 with the
thickness of 0.5mm.The substrate is used because of its
In the advancement of the wireless communication system mechanical strength with high performance, light-weighted
and increasing the importance of wireless application in recent and easily availability. The proposed antenna design has three
time, the demand for small size, the miniaturized antenna was layers as the ground, dielectric and patch as shown in figure 1,
realized [12][13]. An antenna is an electrical device which ground layer and the patch layer made up conducting material
transmits or receive electromagnetic waves. Recently, future and the dielectric layer.
fifth-generation wireless communication networks (5G)
requires antenna can support wide bandwidth because of
higher data rate [8][10][11]. The millimeter-wave technology,
allowing transmission over a frequency range (30 GHz – 300
GHz) to fulfil the new generation needs [1][6]. As we know
that the surface of the patch is started radiating
electromagnetic waves; if the slot is cut on the patch at that
time resonant band show the effect because of the slot and the
shape of the slot is any type, in this paper slots cut between the
patch and feed line[9]. In this work, we use a strip line feeding
method give the best impedance matching at 50 ohms.
Microstrip patch antenna mainly used because of its a low
cost, lightweight, easy to fabricate, small size, use advanced
Fig. 1. Antenna side view
technology [7]. It is not only for government applications but
for different types of commercial applications [14]. The proposed antenna dimension structure is 6.2mm X
Various type of substrate available in the market but all the 7.2mm X 0.5mm.The design of the patch of antenna size is
substrate are having dielectric constant below 10GHz. The 4mm X 3.4mm and the feed line 1.25mm X 3.2mm. The
proposed antenna design and fabricated using Roger RT dimension of the gap b/w patch and feed line is
Duriod 5880, dielectric constant of 2.2 with the thickness of 0.138mm.This gap is responsible modify the frequency
0.5mm. The rogers substrate is used because of rogers resonance and also modify the operating frequency.
substrate is the best for millimeter wave, it is a most suitable
substrate for ultra-high frequencies because of low dispersion For the design method, by selecting the particular
and low dielectric loss [2]. dielectric constant (ℇr ), substrate thickness(H), and resonance
frequency (fr), and width of the patch (Wp), length of the patch
The goal of this paper is to present a single fed, low profile,
(Lp), width of feed line (Wf), length of ground (L), width of
wideband antenna for the future 5G network. The proposed

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ground(W), all the calculations have been done using the
formulas given below.
Fig. 2. Antenna top view
1. Width of patch is calculated as: (1) [7]
௖ ଶ
ܹ௣ ൌ ටఌ (1)
ଶ௙ೝ ೝ ାଵ

Where,
Wp = width of the patch.
c = speed of light (3*108 m/s).
fr = resonance frequency.
ℇr= Dielectric constant of substrate.
2. Length of patch is calculated as: (4) [13]
షభ
ఌೝ ାଵ ఌೝ ିଵ ு మ
ߝ௥௘௙௙ ൌ ଶ
൅ ଶ
ቂͳ ൅ ͳʹ ௐ௣ቃ  (2) Optimized dimensions of the design microstrip patch
antenna are tabulated below table.
௖ TABLE I. ANTENNA PARAMETERS
‫ܮ‬௘௙௙ ൌ (3)
ଶ௙ೝ ඥఌೝ೐೑೑
Parameter Dimensions (mm)
Width of substrate, &
‫ܮ‬௣ ൌ ‫ܮ‬௘௙௙ െ ʹο‫ܮ‬ (4) ground (W) 6.2

Where, Length of substrate, &

ground (L) 7.2
Lp = length of the patch.
‫ܮ‬௘௙௙ = effective length. Patch width (WP)
4
ߝ௥௘௙௙ = effective dielectric constant. Patch length (LP)
3.4
H = thickness of substrate.
Feed Width (Wf)
3. Width of feed line is calculated as: (6)[7] 1.25
Feed Length (Lf)
3.2
଻Ǥସ଼ൈு
ܹ௙ ൌ െ ͳǤʹͷ ൈ ‫ݐ‬ (5) Height of substrate (H)
ሺೋ೚
ξԪ౨శభǤరభ
ఴళ ሻ 0.5
௘

Where, Dielectric Constant (ℇr)

2.2
Wf = Width of feed line. Gap length (d)
1.25
t = thickness of ground.
4. Ground, width and length are calculated as; (5) and (6) [6]. (g)
2.474
‫ =ܮ‬Lp + 6H (6)
W= Wp + 6H (7)
Where,
L = length of the ground.
W = the width of ground.
The configuration of the microstrip antenna is modelled
and simulated after précising the parameters using the ANSYS
HFSS simulation software. The design of the proposed
antenna is given in Fig.2 and Fig.3. In the design antenna slots
cut between the patch and the feed line. The antenna can be
used for many applications using slots because there are many
parameters improved. The Optimization of multiple
parameters is finished in ANSYS HFSS simulating software
Fig. 3. View of design antenna
for obtaining the desired frequency of resonance and these
optimized parameters are shown in TABLE I.

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 III. IMPLEMENTATION & RESULTS

The simulation proposed antenna was perform using the

ANSYS HFSS software and the simulation result of the
proposed antenna is shown in below figures and the return loss
has given in Fig. 4, the VSWR of the designed antenna has
given in Fig. 5, Return loss is used to indicate the amount of
power that is lost at load and the lost power does not return to
reflect from the antenna. If the return loss of antenna at a
specific frequency is more than -10dB, it means power
sourced to the antenna out of maximum power is rejected.
Therefore for the better performance of the antenna return loss
at an appropriate radiating frequency should be less than
-10dB and in this proposed antenna the return loss is obtained
– 26.40 dB and bandwidth of the proposed antenna is 1.102
GHz at the operating frequency 28 GHz. Return Loss S11 and
Bandwidth of the proposed antenna shown in Fig. 4.

Fig. 6. Gain of the design antenna at 28 GHz

Radiation Pattern of Antenna is mathematical, or graphical

representation of radiation properties [14].The radiation
pattern of the design antenna is show in Fig. 7.

Fig. 4. Return Loss and Bandwidth of design antenna 28 at GHz

VSWR of the microstrip patch antenna should not

greater than two (VSWR<2) and not less than one. Voltage
Standing Wave Ratio is show in Fig. 5. VSWR of the
proposed antenna 1.018 at the operating frequency 28 GHz.

Fig. 7. Radiation Pattern of design antenna

The simulation summary of the design antenna as

tabulated Table II.

TABLE II. SIMULATION SUMMARY OF THE DESIGN ANTENNA

Antenna Achieved
Parameters Value

Return Loss (S11) -26.40 dB

Bandwidth 1.01 GHz

Fig. 5. VSWR of design antenna at 28 GHz

Gain of the design 7.4 dB
Antenna
The proposed antenna has a high gain 7.4 dB which is
considered a good option for the microstrip patch antennas. VSWR of the design 1.018
The gain of the proposed antenna is show in Fig. 6. Antenna

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 Table III shows, comparisons between the proposed [7] Amit Singh, Kamal Niwaria: “Review Paper on Slotted Microstrip
Antennas,” Journal for Research in Science and Technology, Vol. 2,
work and the already existing works and enhancement in the (2016).
results are tabulated in the below table. The antenna archived [8] M. Agiwal, A. Roy, and N. Saxena: “Next Generation 5G Wireless
a high bandwidth of 1.102 GHz and it was the objective of Networks A Comprehensive Survey”, IEEE Communications Surveys
the above design. And below table describe a comparative & Tutorials, Vol. 18, No. 3, pp. 1617-1655, (2016).
study of the previous work by the proposed work in the terms [9] 1Khushneet Kour, 2Kausar Ali: “A Review Paper on 5G Wireless
of several parameters such as bandwidth, gain, and return loss Networks,” International Journal of Engineering Research &
Technology (IJERT), Volume 4, Issue 32, (2016).
at the resonance frequency.
[10] Rise, Saurabh Chandra, Pranaw Kumar, Jibendu Sekhar Roy:
“Squareshaped slot Microstrip Antenna for LTE applications,” 8th
TABLE III. SOME COMPARISONS BETWEEN PROPOSED WORK AND ICCCNT, IEEE, (2017).
PREVIOUS WORK
[11] Wonil Roh, Ji-Yun Seol, JeongHo Park, Byunghwan Lee, Jaekon Lee,
Refer Resonance Return Gain Bandwid Yungsoo Kim, Jaeweon Cho, and Kyungwhoon Cheun; “Millimeter-
ence frequency Loss (S11) (dB) th (GHz) Wave Beamforming as an Enabling Technology for 5G Cellular
Communications: Theoretical Feasibility and Prototype Results,” IEEE
(fr ) Communications Magazine, pp. 106-113, (2014).
3 28 GHz -20.53 dB 6.21 0.4 [12] Dipakkumar J. Barasara, Prof. Jayeshkumar C. Prajapati, Ankitkumar
M. Dethalia: “Multifrequency Fractal Antenna,” International Journal
4 27.91 GHz -12.59 dB 6.69 0.582 of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 3, Issue 7,(2012).
[13] Constantine A. Balanis: “Antenna Theory Analysis and Design. Wiley
5 27.95 GHz -13.48 dB 6.63 0.847 Third Edition,” Jhon Wiley and Sons, (2012).
[14] Madan Sahu: “Review Paper in Different Shapped Microstrip Patch
This 28 GHz -26.40 dB 7.4 1.102 Antenna for Wireless Communication Systems,” International Journal
Work of Computer Application, Vol. 156, no.7, pp. 0975-8887, (2016).

IV. CONCLUSIONS

A 28 GHz millimeter wave rectangular microstrip patch

antenna for 5G communication. The antenna is resonating at
28 GHz with the return loss -26.40 dB. The antenna achieved
a high bandwidth of 1.102 GHz and a high gain of 7.4 dB and
it was the main objective of the above design. And simulated
antenna provides a better results in terms of the radiation
pattern, return loss, and VSWR. This antenna design can be a
better option for 5G communication where high bandwidth is
required. The result of the proposed design is more satisfy and
suitable for 5G communication.
REFERENCES
[1] Ravi Kumar Goyal, and Uma Shankar Modani: “A Compact Microstrip
Patch Antenna at 28 GHz for 5G Wireless Application,” International
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Technologies (ICEET), (2018).
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Manene: “A 28 GHz Rectangular Microstrip Patch Antenna For 5G
Application,” International Journal of Engineering and Technology,
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