- - MACMILLAN E

~
MACMILLAN
Cqntents Map

Unit Language focus Vocabulary Reading

1 Influence Pas r renses Influ ences Mulriple ma rching (FCE Parr 3)

Pa):e 6 Prese nr perfecr si mpl e The wearh er
Prese nr perfecr co nrinuou s

2 Success! Modals of specularion and Success Gapped rexr (FCE Parr 2)

deducrion
Par e 18 Word formarion : Adjecrives
Presenr simple and conrinuous
Sporr

3 It's an illusion Modals of speculario n a nd Fakes Mulrip le choice (FCE Parr 1)

ded ucrion
Pa,:e 30 Appeara nce
Presenr simpl e a nd conrinuo us
Expressio ns wirh take

4 oingaway Gerunds and infinirives Travel Mulriple marching (FCE Parr 3)

Pa _.e 42 Word formarion: Prefixes Gapped rexr (FCE Parr 2)
Verb collocarions
Phrasal verbs

5 Fitting in Time linkers wirh past tenses Ph rasa! verbs Mul tiple choice (FCE Parr 1)
Pafe 54 Wo rd fo rma ti on: No uns
Perso nality

6 A matter of opinion Reported speech Expressing your opinion Multiple marching (FCE Parr 3)
Pa)!C 66 Reported quesrions Making decisions Gapped rexr (FCE Parr 2)
Phrasal verbs

7 Survival Cou nrable a nd uncounrable no un s Surviving Gapped rexr (FCE Parr 2)

Page 78 Obligation, proh ibi tio n, advice a nd Preposi rio ns

necessiry
Wo rd fo rmari o n: Adverbs

8 Strength of mind The passive Memory Mulriple cho ice (FCE Parr 1)

Pa)!c 90 Passive of reporring verbs Expressions wirh mind

Arrs and cu lture
The senses

9 A slave to routine Condirionals Word formar ion: Nouns Mu ltiple choice (FCE Parr 1)

Page 102 Relative clauses Sleep

Time Phrasal verbs

10 Changes Wish , if only and hope Age Multiple marching (FCE Parr 3) ..
Pagt' 114 Should have / ought to have Relarionships
Causative passive wirh have Health

Additional material Writing bank Listening scripts Ph rasal verbs list

Page 126 Page 138 Page 150 Page 158

 Contents Map

Writing Use ofEnglish Listening Speaking

Email (FCE Parr 1) Multiple-choice cloze Sentence completion Personal questions (FCE Part l)
(FCE Part 1) (FCE Part 2)
Transformations (FCE Pan 4)
Open doze (FCE Part 2)

Articles (FCE Pan 2) Transformations (FCE Pan 4) Multiple matching (FCE Part 3) Talking about photos (FCE Pan 2)
Word formation (FCE Pan 3) Multiple choice (FCE Part 4)

Reviews (FCE Part 2) Transformations (FCE Part 4) Multiple matching (FCE Part 3) Collaborative cask (FCE Part 3)
Open doze (FCE Part 2) Multiple choice (FCE Part 1) Further discussion (FCE Part 4)
Multiple-choice doze (FCE Part 1)

Letter (FCE Part 1) Open doze (FCE Part 2) Sentence completion (FCE Part 2) Collaborative task (FCE Part 3)
Word formation {FCE Part 3) Talking about photos (FCE Part 2)

Story (FCE Parr 2) Word formation {FCE Part 3) Multiple matching {FCE Part 3) Talking about photos {FCE Part 2)
Letter of application (FCE Part 2) Transformations (FCE Part 4) Multiple choice {FCE Part I) Collaborative task (FCE Part 3)
Further discussion {FCE parr 4)

Essay (FCE Part 2) Multiple-choice doze {FCE Part 1) Multiple choice {FCE Part 4) Collaborative task (FCE Part 3)
Email {FCE Part 1) Open doze {FCE Part 2)
Review (FCE Part 2)
Letter of application (FCE Pan 2)

Review (FCE Part 2) Open doze (FCE Pan 2) Multiple choice (FCE Part l) Survival
Sto ry (FCE Pan 2) Transformations {FCE Part 4) Sentence completion (FCE Part 2)
Word formation {FCE Part 3)

Letter (FCE Part 1) Transformations (FCE Part 4) Multiple choice (FCE Part 4) Talking about photos {FCE Part 2)
Essay {FCE Part 2) Multiple-choice doze (FCE Part 1) Multiple matching {FCE Part 3)
Report {FCE Part 2)

Set Books {FCE Part 2) Open doze {FCE Part 2) Sentence completion {FCE Part 2) Collaborative task (FCE Part 3)
Informal letters (FCE Part 2)

Email {FCE Part 1) Multiple-choice doze {FCE Part 1) Multiple matching (FCE Part 3) Collaborative task {FCE Part 3)
Article {FCE Part 2) Transformations {FCE Part 4) Multiple choice {FCE Part 1) Further discussion (FCE Part 4)
Review {FCE Part 2) Word formation (FCE Part 3) Multiple choice {FCE Pan 4) Talking about photos (FCE Part 2)

Answer key
Page 161

3
 duction
Direct to FCE is a preparation course for students wishing to these are highlighted for you to record in your vocabulary
take the Cambridge ESOL First Certificate in English notebooks. In units 2, 4, 5, 7 and 9 there are sections
examination, equivalent to level B2 in the Council of focusing on different aspects of Word formation, which
Eu rope's Common European Framework. The course is are designed to build your vocabulary and prepare you for
designed to improve your overall language level and help the Word formation task in Paper 3 of the FCE exam.
you develop the skills which are required for the FCE exam.
The Student's Book comprises ten units, providing a range There are also two or more Language focus sections in each
of i teresting topics to stimulate discussion. unit, aimed at revising and extending your knowledge of the
main grammatical structures you are expected to be able to
In this book you will find regular Help boxes, which give use at this level. Each section refers you to the relevant part
advtce on how to approach the various task types in the five of the Grammar reference on the website, but only after
papers of the FCE exam. There are also Remember boxes, you have first been given the chance to show what you
which provide reminders of the main points of this advice. already know about the structures being dealt with.
Reading, writing, listening and speaking skills are given
comprehensive coverage in each unit, and to help you At the end of each unit there is a two-page Review section.
fur t her with writing, there is a Writing Bank at the end of This contains exercises which provide specific practice in
the book. This includes an example question and model the vocabulary and structures from the same unit, and, in
ans ver for all the different writing types in the Writing some cases, earlier units. The Review section also includes
paper, highlighting the most important features of each Writing and Use of English tasks, which offer more general
one. The Writing Bank also includes Useful language practice in Papers 2 and 3 of the FCE exam.
secu ons and further writing tasks for you to do. Accompanying the course is a Website, which has four
In rder to help you increase your word store, there are two computer-based tests which can be done in practice mode
or more Vocabulary sections in each unit. In these and in test mode. There are also downloadable workbook-
sectwns, particular emphasis is placed on collocations, like materials for each unit in the Student's Book. The
pairs or groups of words that are often found together, and Grammar Reference section is available as a downloadable
pdf together with the Listening Scripts.

The First Certificate in English examination

T he FCE examination consists of five papers, each of which is worth 20% of the total marks. To obtain a passing grade (A,
B o r C) a candidate must achieve a total score of at least 60%. The final grade is based on the combined scores from all five
papers, so a low score in one paper does not necessarily mean you will obtain a failing grade (D or E).

Paper 1 Reading (1 hour)

This paper has three parts, with reading texts taken from a variety of sources. There are two marks for each correct answer
in Parts 1 and 2, and one mark for each correct answer in Part 3.

Part & task type Num b er of questions What you h ave to do

1 Multiple choice 8 Decide on the best answer from a choice of four.
2 Gapped text 7 Replace sentences which have been removed from a text.
3 Multiple matching 15 Match questions or 'prompts' to the correct text or part of a text.

Paper 2 Writing (1 hour 20 minutes)

This paper has two parts. There is one Part 1 question, which must be answered by all candidates in 120 - 150 words. In
Part 2 you choose one question from four and write 120-180 words. Each question has an equal number of marks.

Part & task type Numb er o f questions What yo u have to do

1 Letter or email 1 (compulsory) Write a letter or an email in response to a given situation.
Prompts are provided in the form of written input material
such as an email, a letter or an advertisement.
2 From the following: article, 4 (choose one) Write your answer according to the task instructions.
essay, letter, report, review,
The last of the four questions has two options, each based
story
on one of the two optional set reading texts.
 Introduction

Paper 3 Use of English ( 45 minutes)

This paper has four parts, with a total of 42 questions testing gr~mmar and vocabulary. There is one mark for each correct
answer in Parts 1, 2 and 3, and up to two marks for each answer m Part 4.

Part & task type Number of questions What yo u h ave to do

1 Multiple-choice 12 There is a text with 12 gaps. For each gap, decide on the best answer
doze from a choice of four. The main focus is on vocabulary.

2 Open doze 12 There is a text with 12 gaps. Complete each gap with one word. The
main focus is on grammar.

3 Word formation 10 There is a text with 10 gaps. Complete each gap with the correct form
of a given word. The main focus is on vocabulary.

4 Keyword 8 Complete a gapped sentence with two to five words, one of which you
transformations are given. The completed sentence must have the same meaning as
the lead-in sentence. The focus is on vocabulary and grammar.

Paper 4 Listening (approximately 40 minutes)

This paper has four parts with a total of 30 questions. Each part contains one or more recorded text, which is heard twice.
Recordings may be monologues, such as speeches, lectures or announcements, or they may be conversations, radio
interviews or discussions. You are tested on your ability to understand, for example, opinions, attitudes, specific
information, gist or detail. There is one mark for each correct answer.

Part & task type Number of questions What you h ave to do

1 Multiple choice 8 Listen to eight short unrelated extracts, and answer one three-option
multiple-choice question for each.

2 Sentence 10 Listen to one or more speakers for approximately 3 minutes and

completion complete gaps in sentences with words or phrases from the recording.

3 Multiple matching 5 Listen to five short related monologues and match each speaker to
the correct option.

4 Multiple choice 7 Listen to one or more speakers for approximately 3 minutes and
answer seven three-option multiple-choice questions.

Paper 5 Speaking ( 14 minutes)

This paper has four parts. There are usually two candidates and two examiners, one of whom conducts the test and
assesses, while the other assesses but does not take an active part in the test. You are given marks for range and correct use.

Part & task type Time What you have to do

1 Personal questions 3 minutes Respond to questions from the interviewer with information about
yourself.

2 Long turn 4 minutes Talk about two photographs for one minute, and comment briefly on
the other candidate's photographs.

3 Collaborative task 3 minutes You are given visual material and have to speak with the other
candidate about it in order to complete a task.

4 Discussion 4 minutes Take part in a discussion which is related to the topic of Part 3.
 c
Vocabulary: Influences

1 0 These pictures show different

influences in our lives. Discuss these
3 When I was very young my best friend
could ..... ......... me into doing anything
she wanted. She was very persuasive!
questions with a partner. 4 Some people believe everything they
1 How can these people and things read and this can really ............. . their
influence us? opinions. It's quite dangerous really.
2 Are these influences good or bad? Why? 5 This guy is a role model for a lot of
youngsters. The kids .............. up to him
2 a Use the verbs in the box to complete the and .............. his every move! He needs
phrases in 1- 5. to understand the responsibility he has.
admire copy talk have b Match the comments to the pictures.
do look shape encourage One comment can not be matched to a
ptcture.
1 My kids think he's perfect - he can
.............. no wrong! Obviously he's
going to .............. a very big influence
3 0 Discuss these questions with your
partner.
on their lives.
1 Which teacher has had the biggest
2 I really ............ .. parents who spend a lot influence on you?
of quality time with their children. And
2 Which celebrity today do you think is a
if they ....... ....... them to read, they open
good role model?
up a whole world of fantasy and
adventure.

FCE Reading Part 3: Multiple matching

1 0 Work in pairs. You are going to read a magazine article in which four people have
written about th e person who has influenced them the most. Look at the people (A-D).
What influence do you think they had?
2 Now look at the questions and read the text carefully to answer them. For questions 1-15,
choose from the people A-D. The people may be chosen more than once.

Which person who is described

gave advice to the writer at a time when he/ she was not at all receptive?
is one of many people who have been important to the writer? 2

always remained calm? 3

was easier to talk to than a relative? 4

was unselfish with their time? 5

-- ~ 1"1 passed on their free-time interests to the writer? 6

1~ elp changed the way a lot of people thought? 7

encouraged the writer to get help from others? 8

• Read the question and
underli ne key words, as stopped people laughing at the writer? 9
in 1- 3.
influenced the writer's peers as well as the writer? 1o 1
• Rea d section A and
ans\ er any questions influenced the writer more than he/ she first realised? 11 1
yo u can . Underline the was the reason for the writer changing career?
relevant part of the text.
• Do th e same for sections was continually imitated by the writer?
B- D. only knew the writer for a short time?
achieved results by not giving up?
 Unit 1 Influence ;...-

PEOPLE WHO HAVE INFLUENCED US

You tell us about the person who has most influenced you in your life .
A My French teacher mine too . Even into our teenage been covering it up for a long
Choosing just one person who has years I followed her taste in time. Then I saw the film . It gave
had a major influence on my life clothes, music, and boys! Now, me the confidence to ask for
is practically impossible! There looking back I think what I adm ire dancing classes and it also altered
have been people at all stages of most about her was her patience everyone else's perception of boy
my life who I have both admired with me . I must have been a dancers . There was no more
and been motivated by for complete pain but she never lost teasing or making fun of me. I
different reasons . However, if 1 her temper. She gave up a lot of stayed at the dancing school until
have to mention just one it would her time to help me with school I left full-time education and now
have to be my French teacher at work and she would regularly sit dancing is my career. I often
secondary school. After all , it's down with me and talk through wonder how many other lives Billy
because of her that I took a any problems I had. Back then I Ell iot is responsible for changi ng .
particular career path and ended copied her because I thought she
up where I am today. Her passion was beautiful and clever and I D My best friend
and enthusiasm for the sub ject wanted to be just like her but now When you get into real trouble
touched everyone in the class and I understand that in fact her and think there's no way out, the
I knew from the very first moment influence also went a lot deeper. I last person you want to talk to is
she started teaching that hope I've developed into a caring, your family. You feel that you've
languages were going to figure patient person and if so, then I let them all down . I'd got into a
somewhere in my life . It's quite certainly learned it from her. bad state . I was into drugs and I
scary really, to see how significant was going round with the wrong
C A character in a film people when my best friend
a teacher's influence can be . He
or she can bring a subject alive Without doubt, the person who realised what was happening and
for the students - or totally kill it has had the greatest influence on persuaded me to get out. It can't
off! Miss Winters was with us only my life wasn 't a real living person have been easy- I wasn 't liste ning
for a term but a lot of her passion at all - but a character in a film! I to anyone at the time. But he
for languages rubbed off on me was a very shy ten year old boy stayed with it and refused to
and for that I wi ll always be when I first saw Billy Elliot on the abandon me. And in the end he
grateful. big screen . I had always wanted talked me into getting counselli ng
to dance but had never been and the people I spoke to really
B My big sister allowed to. It was my sister who helped me turn my life around .
Inevitably, I have to say - my older went to the ballet classes and me Without him my life would have
sister, Ruby. I say ' inevitably' who tried to copy her steps in our been completely different- I might
because from the moment I could living room . The kids at school not even be here at all . B<:>yd
walk I absolutely worshipped her! knew I wanted to dance too - and helped me see life in a d iffere nt
She was my idol. As far as I was I came in for so much teasing it way and because of him I gave
concerned Ruby was perfect and I used to really upset me. Where I up my job in insurance and
used to copy her every move. Her came from , boys just didn 't do retrained to be a counsellor so
favourite colour was my favourite dancing - like Billy Elliot! I still had that I could help other young
colour - her favourite food was this deep desire to dance - but I'd people.

3 a Complete each gap with th e correct S Abby was trying to ........ up her feelings
fo rm of a verb fro m the t ext . T he letters in but I knew she was very upset. (C)
b rackets refer to the paragrap hs in wh ich 6 Ben's exam marks were poor and his
the verbs can b e found. parents felt he had ......... them down. (D)
1 If you carry on spending money like 7 My friend has ........ up his well-paid job
that, you'll ........ up bankrupt. (A) to work with problem teenagers. (D)
2 I hope some of your good luck will ....... .
off on me! (A)
3 I ........ back on my childhood with great
b 0 Discu ss the m ean ings of the
p h rasal verb s with you r p artner. Then
fondness: it was a happy time for me. (B) check your ideas on pages 158-159.
4 ] ack and Katy had a big argument but
they ........ through their problems and
now things are fine again. (B)
4 0 D o you know an y p eople wh o have
b een in flue n ced in th e same ways as the
writers of the article?

7
Unit 1 Influence

Language focus: Past tenses

1 'Vithout referring to the reading text on page 7, 4 a Complete these sentences so they are true for you.
complete each gap in these extracts with the
correct verb form. Then check your answers in 1 Last week I ............... several times.
the text. 2 Last night I didn' t ............... because ............... .
1 It's because of her that I ............ a 3 Yesterday, I was ............... when ............... .
particular career path. (Text A) 4 Last weekend I ............... while ............... .
2 I ............ always ............ to dance but 5 I once ............... for several hours.
.. ....... .. never .... ........ allowed to. (Text C)
3 I .......... .. ............ round with the wrong
people. (Text D)
b 0 Work in pairs. Discuss your sentences.

4 I still had this deep desire to dance but I

........ .. .............. ............ it up for a long Speaking and vocabulary: The weather
t ime. (Text C)

2 a Match the verb forms you wrote in

1 a 0 Work in pairs. Describe the weather in the photograph.
Where do you think it was taken? How do you think the
extracts 1-4 in exercise 1 to a past people in the picture are feeling?
tense a-d below.
a past perfect simple b past simple
c past continuous d past perfect
continuous
b Complete these rules with the correct past
tense.
1 The ............ is used to refer to how long
th e action went on for before something
else happened.
2 The ............ is used to refer to an action
in progress at a particular time in the past.
3 The ............ is used to refer to an action
was completed in the past.
4 The ............ is used to refer to something b Discuss what you think happened before and after the
that was true, or an action that was picture was taken. Use the different tenses you looked at in
completed before another action in the the language focus section.
past.
c What is your favourite kind of weather? Why?
Read more about past tenses in the Grammar
Reference. 2 'Collocations' are words that often go together. For sentences
1-8, underline the correct word in italics that often goes with
3 C mplete each gap with the correct past form the word in bold.
of the verb in brackets. 1 A really heavy/ large downpour stopped the tennis match.
1 The film really ............ (affect) me. I 2 During the night temperatures can cut/drop to minus ten
............ (have) nightmares about it for degrees.
days afterwards.
3 It was quite uncomfortable because the humidity was very
2 The teacher ............ (walk) through the tall/ high.
door just as Marc ............ (imitate) her!
4 The weather forecasters say that we're in for a strong/hard
3 I'm sure I ............ (pass) my driving test winter this year.
fi rst time because my dad ........... .
(encourage) me to practise every day. 5 We couldn't continue the walk because it started blowing a
wind/gale.
4 Jackie ............ (have) a red face at lunchtime
because she ............ (exercise) all morning. 6 A lot of elderly people were taken to hospital during the heat
wave/storm last summer.
5 When I ....... ..... (be) a child I always
..... ... .... (look up to) my older cousin. 7 We had a cold spell/ session in March and all my plants died .
6 My friend ............ (want) a biscuit after 8 There was a slim/light breeze that kept the temperatures on
dinner bur I ........... . (eat) them all. the beach down.
3 0different
Tell your partner about the last time you experienced the
weather conditions in exercise 2.
 FCE Use of English Part 1: Multiple-choice doze

1 Read the title of the article below from a m agazin e. What do you think it's about? Read
the text, ignoring the gaps, to check your answers.
2 Read the text again and decide which an swer (A, B, C or D) b est fits each gap. There is an
example at the beginning (0).
Before you do the exercise, read the information in the H elp box o n p age 126.

Slaves to the weather?

It's a fact that blue skies tend to lift the spirits and (0) ........... the world seem a better place. It's also true that overcast
rainy days can make us feel gloomy and depressed. Or is it? It may (1) ........... as a surprise to some of us to learn that
there is, in fact, no hard evidence to (2) ........... the theory that the weather plays an important part in influencing our
moods.
A recent internet survey in Germany, which involved (3) ........... more than a thousand people questions over a
( 4) ........... of eighteen months, came ( 5) ........... the conclusion that apart from a small number of people who suffer
from SAD (Seasonal Affective Disorder), a real problem where doctors (6) ........... depression to the weather, most of
us are not really influenced by the weather at all. Apparently we believe that weather can influence our mood simply
because we have always been told it can. The survey even claims that (7) .. ....... .. experts believe that all SAD sufferers
feel depressed in the darker winter months, there are in fact some who suffer depression in the summer and
(8) ........... in the winter!
For many people, however, these findings do not reflect their own (9) ............ Surely people tend to smile more when
the sun is shining? Don't we (10) ........... low when it's dark and rainy and less keen to get up and do things? There are
even some psychologists who relate excessive heat to a (11) ........... in the crime rate because high temperatures can
make people more irritable and aggressive. One thing is true - people do love to talk about the weather, (12) ........... in
the UK, and they are going to be talking about this survey for quite a while!

0 A get B let c make D do

1 A arnve B make c come D find
2 A reveal B support c allow D base
3 A asking B reporting c discussing D questioning
4 A season B period c length D date
5 A to B at c for D with
6 A put B link c cause D add
7 A although B however c when D despite
8 A look forward B run down c cheer up D take off
9 A expenence B history c actions D habits
10 A take B think c feel D sense
11 A nse B lift c progresston D height
12 A very B remarkably c especially D often

3 a 0 Work in pairs. Do you agree o r disag ree with th e poin ts made in the article?
b Write a short comment to post on the m agazin e's web site, expressing your views about the article.
... ~, ,~

U.n it 1 Influence

A Speaking and reading: The influence of advertising

1 Match these words to the pictures.
billboard junk mail commercial jingle cold calling poster

2 0 Discuss the following questions with a partner.

1 Do th e m ethods shown in the pictures persuade yo u to buy more? Why/ Why not?
2 Can yo u sing a famous jingle?
B 3 What sort of companies advertise by cold calling?
4 'You get what you pay for! ' What do you think this saying means? Do you agree?
5 What was the last thing yo u bought because of an advertisement? Are you glad you
bought it? Why/ Why not?

3 Read five people's online comments about advertising. Match the writers 1-5 to their
points of view (A-E). Underline those words in the comments which help you make your
decisions.
1 The wri ter gets irritated about this way of advertising.
2 The writer prefers a recommendation when making a decision about what to buy.
3 The writer thinks that complicated adverts aren't very memorable.
4 The writer worries about the safety aspect of these adverts.
5 The writer says it's possible to avoid receiving this form of advertising.

A The problem is that there is so much choice these days. We're continually
bombarded with adverts telling us why our lives will change if we buy one particular
product! I don't know about you but I just tune out when the adverts are on . If I want
something new I usually ask a friend who knows more about it than I do!
Posted by: ~on February 13, 2011 9.30am
..................................................... ...... ....... .. .. ... ..... ... ... .... .. ... ... .... .. ... .... .. ... ... ............................................... ... .... .... ...... .... .•... .... ... .. .

B Something I absolutely hate is cold calling! Sometimes I rush to answer the phone
because I think it's something important only to find that it's someone wanting me to
buy double glazing or change my electricity supplier! I get really ratty with them!

Posted by : ~ on February 14, 2011 2.51am

C It's crazy but some of the most stupid adverts sell the most products! If it's simple
with a catchy jingle and an obvious message, it often sticks in people's minds and
they remember it when they're out shopping. Sometimes you can't get them out of
Executive your head and that's a pain! But at least you remember it. All these clever adverts
where you can't really tell what's being advertised- I'm sure they can 't be very
successful.
.... ~~~t~d..by.. ~.~~.:.~.b:.~~.'Y.~.4:·2·0·1·1· ~:1 .~P.~ ...... .. .... ... ... .................. ...... ..... ..... ..... .... .. ..... ..... ......................... ............. .............. .

D Most people never even look at it. I always put it in the bin . There are ways of
asking to go on a list so that you don't get junk mail but it's quite difficult I think. I pity
the postmen quite honestly- they're the ones who have to carry it round all the
London10 houses. Does anyone really read it?
Posted by: J..2.oQQn1Q on February 15, 2011 8.20am
............................................... ..... ......... .... ...... ... .. .. .... ....... .. ... .... ... ... ... ..................... .......... ... ... .. .......... .......... ... ...................•....••.... .

E I think billboards can be quite effective but in some places there are just too many
and you drive past without really looking at them at all. They can be quite dangerous
too if you think about it! If it's a really stunning or shocking picture it can make you
lose concentration! But I must admit it can be a quick, direct way to get a message
across.
Posted by: ~ on February 15, 2011 10.42pm

4 0 Work in pairs. Decide which of the speakers you agree with and which you disagree
with. Give reasons.

10
 Unit 1 Influence

FCE Listening Part 2: Sentence completion

1 a Look at the picture for 10 seconds. Then

cover it and write down what you
remember about it.
b Compare what you remember with a
partner. Do you remember the same
things?

2 0 You are going to listen to an

interview about product placement.

product placement noun the use of a

company's product in a film or television
show as a way of advertising the product

What do you think are the advantages and

disadvantages of product placement for:
• the advertiser
• the viewer

3 @ 1.1 Listen to the interview. How

many of the points you mentioned in
exercise 2 did the speaker talk about?

4@ 1.1 Listen to the interview again. For questions 1-10, complete the sentences.

It might be product placement if you see an actor eating ac__________ _L__J

• Read the sentences. Think

It isn't new to see product placement in I 2 I. about the type of
information you are
One popular type of product that we often see on the screen is looking for: is it a name, an
I 3 Idrinks.
r - 1- - - - - - - - - - , - - - - - ,

action, part of an example

etc? Decide also what type
Products are often positioned in a special way to make the - - - - - - - - - ' - - - ' - - .I. 4. JIvisible.
Ll of word will fit
grammatically: is it, for
The professor says that one car was specially built for the film 'I, 5 I.
' - I- - - - - - - - - - ' - - - ' example, a noun, a verb or
an adjective?
A famous USA TV show that has product placement is I.__________.___. 6 IIdol.
• You will hear the exact
words in the recording that
In other types of programmes it's better if the product is not the IL_________IL....:...-' 7 1.
you need for the answer
but the other words in the
Some people are worried that the quality of the programmes will I.___________.____, I8 I sentences may not be
exactly the same.
Technology helps people to avoid having to watch the 9
. _ I_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ ,1. • Your answer should be no
more than three words.
At the moment product placement is not allowed on children's TV or
' I----------,~
• When you have completed
110 1. the task read through the
sentences carefully to make
5 0 Work in small groups. Choose a TV show you all know. Imagine you have been told
to place the following products into the programme. Discuss how you would do it as
sure they make sense.

subtly as possible. Where would the products appear and what would the characters say?

An internet server A brand of crisps A mobile phone A designer handbag Trainers

11
Unit 1 Influence

Language focus: Present perfect simple and continuous

Present perfect simple 3 These time words and phrases are often
used with the present perfect simple.
1 a The present perfect links past and Complete each gap with a word or phrase
present time. Look at each extract 1-4 from the box. There may be more than one
from the listening on page 11 and possible answer.
answer these questions.
already never since 2009 ever
1 You've probably seen it over and over again. just yet so far this month
Is the speaker talking about the exact this morning
time that you saw it?
2 Think ofsome films you've seen this year. 1 They've received fifteen complaints
Is the time period finished yet? .. ......... and it's only the S'h !
3 The USA is way ahead ofEurope ... they've 2 He's always asking me to do things that
had product placement in TV shows for quite I've ........... done!
a while. 3 The book has been out of print ........... .
Does the USA still have product 4 I've ........... watched American Idol and I
placement in TV shows? don' t intend to!
4 Now that the European Parliament has made 5 Although we bought the software on
[product placement] legal, ... Tuesday we haven't installed it .......... .
What is the possible effect of the but we hope to do it at the weekend.
European Parliament's action? Check 6 Have you ........... complained about a TV
your ideas in the listening script on show?
page 150 and complete the sentence.

b Match uses a-d below to an extract 1-4.

e Read more about the present perfect
simple in the Grammar Reference.
a To talk about a recent event with a
result or relevance to the present.
b To talk about an event or events that
Present perfect continuous
occurred at some time before the 1 Sentences 1-3 all contain the present
present. The exact time is either not perfect continuous. Decide which
known or not important. sentence talks about:
c To talk about something that happened a an activity that finished recently?
before the present. The time period is
unfinished. b a series of repeated actions in the recent
past?
d To talk about something that started in
the past and still continues in the present. c an activity that is still continuing now?
1 We've been driving for three hours- are
2 Here are some more examples of the we nearly there?
present perfect simple. Match sentences 2 I think it's been raining - the pavements
1-6 to uses a-d in exercise 1. are wet.
1 I've seen a lot of TV shows from America 3 I've been going to the cinema a lot lately.
with product placement.
2 I've done my assignment so I'm free
now!
3 Lars has been on holiday for three
weeks! When's he due back?
4 I haven't received any emails today but
I've written loads.
5 I've had a cold since the beginning of the
week. It's really getting me down.
6 The company has cancelled the contract
with the supermodel, so we won't see her
Read more about the present perfect
face on their products any more.
continuous in the Grammar Reference.
 Unit 1 Influence

2 Underline the correct alternative in italics FCE Speaking Part 1:

to complete the dialogue. Explain why you Personal questions
chose these forms.
A: (1) Have you seen/ Did you see the new TV
ad for Coca Cola yet? 1 For 1-3, circle a or b. Then read the Help
box.
B: You mean the one they've been showing
before and after the evening news? In Part 1 of the Speaking test you have to:
People at work (2) have talked/ have been 1 a talk about yourself
talking about it for days. b talk about your partner
A: I can understand why. It's amazing! 2 a give a short personal history
There (3) have even been/ were even articles b answer direct questions
about it in the newspaper over the last 3 a give short answers
few days. Apparently it's one of the most b extend your answer with one or two
effective ads ever! sentences
B: Yes. It's certainly affected me! (4) I've
been drinking!! drank much more coke 2 0 Ask and answer these questions with
a partner. Extend your answers, eg. for
: Help .
recently than I normally do. In fact over • Don 't memorize
the last two days I have (5) drunk/ been question 1 I come from France. I was born
whole sentences
drinking all the cans in the fridge, and and brought up in Paris but now I live in
about yourself.
they usually last me at least a week. Toulouse.
Your language
A: Well, it hasn' t had the same effect on 1 Where are you from? should sound
me! I still don't like coke! But I must 2 How long have you lived here? natural.
admit (6) I wasj l've been a lot thirstier 3 What do you like about living here? • Always extend a n
recently. It's a very clever campaign. The answer if you ca n.
4 What interesting things have you done
last one (7) wasn't/ hasn 't been nearly so Never simply say
recently?
good. 'yes ' or ' no '
B: Really? I think they've always (8) been
having! had great adverts. Good to watch
3 0 After asking some simple questions
about where you come from the examiner
• However, do not
summarize you r
and very effective. But it's a bit scary to will ask you one or two questions about whole life story.
think that we're so easily influenced! different subjects. These will still be about Make sure your

3 0 Discuss these questions with a

partner.
you, people you know, your experiences
and your ideas.
answers are
relevant to the
questions you a re
1 Have you been doing anything too much With a partner, take it in tums to ask and asked .
recently? What? answer these questions about people in
your family.
2 Is there anything you haven' t been
paying enough attention to recently?
FAMILY
What?
1 Who do you admire most in your
3 Have you been texting someone a lot
family? Why?
recently? Who?
2 Who in your family did you use to get
4 Have you been watching any TV
on best with when you were young?
programmes a lot recently? Which ones?
Why?
5 Have you been going anywhere a lot in
3 Who do you think you are most similar
the last few weeks? Where?
to in your family? Why?

4 0 Work in pairs. Student A turn to page

126. Student B tum to page 129. Follow
the instructions.
Unit 1 Influence

FCE Writing Part 1: Em ;U!

1 Read the following Part 1 task a n d answer this question:
What mob ile ph one wo uld you recomm end to Tessa?
Your English-speaking friend, Tessa, has lost h er m o bile phon e. Read Tessa's email and t he
notes you have m ade. Then write an em ail to Tessa' using all yo ur notes · ~_ .
..-_, y~Mpod-vllZ.e

From : Tessa
Sent: 2nd March
Subject: Lost my phone

Great to get your email and I'm glad to hear that you've been working so hard' id you get your
essay finished on time? I'm afraid I missed the deadline and I had to ask f extra time.
he reason I haven 't called you recently is that I've lost my mobile phone! I know, typical me -
No - S"'-Y why
left it on the train while I was coming home late one night! Bet you 've never done that! Anyway,
obviously I need to get a new one . I'm so confused by all these advertisements for mob1 e Yes,
phones and networks - I just don 't know which one to go for. What would you suggest? Money's I howe
not a problem really as I've just got paid for my summer job. Let me know what you th ink. - S"'-Y
whe\\
Thanks
Tessa

Reco~MIMe\\J. •..
2 Read Tessa's em ail again and an swer these questions .
• Is Tessa's email written in a formal or informal style?
• What style wo uld you use for your reply to Tessa? Why?

3 Underline examples of the following features of:

a informal punctuation e.g. exclamation mark
b contractions e.g. I'm
c missing words e.g. (I) left it ...
d informal words and phrases e.g. grea~ typical me
4 0 Work in pairs. Discuss how you could d evelop each of the four handwritten notes in
a reply to T essa's email and write down your ideas.
5 Now read the follo wing student an swer. Does the writer, Maria, include an y of the ideas
you m entioned in exercise 4?

H~ Tesslil,
TV11illl'vRS faY" !:jOIA.Y" ew..o~L. Act~AiilLL[j, I d~dll'v't get W..tJiilSs~gll'vw..ell'vt ~ll'v Oll'v t~w..e e~tV1eY" 1 M!::j
cow..ptA.teY" CY"IilSV1ed wl-1~Le I WlilS WY"~t~ll'vg IA."fO W..lj COII'vCLIAS~OII'v . I Lost lilLL W..!::j WOY"R SO I V11ild to
do ~t lilLL lilglil~ll'v' I WlilS Y"elilLL!::j fed 1Ap lilS I'd p1At ~ll'v til Lot ofwoY"R.
I WOII'vdeY"ec~ Wf1lj [jOIA V11ildll'v't ClilLLed w..e. "POOY" [jOIA.I It's ~w..poss~bLe to be W~tf1a1At til pV1all've
tV1ese dliltJS, ~sll'v't ~t? 1 Lost w..~ll've all'vce- I'd all'vL[j V11ild ~t til weeR.. 1 Left ~t ~ll'v til s~ApeY"w..lilY"!zet
lilt tV1e cV1ecR. wt wl-1~Le 1wlils plilcR~II'vg tAp tV1e sl-1opp~ll'vg' 1 Rll'vOW wV11ilt !:jOIA w..elilll'v !ilbotA.t tV1e
!ildVeY"ts . TV1eve lilve so w..lilll'vljlilll'vd tV1etJiilLL pY"ow..~se d~ffevell'vt tl-1~11'vgs. PeY"SOII'vlilLL[j, I'd go faY"
tV!e ll'veW No!z~O. I'Ve got Oll've OV'vd I tV1~11'vR ~t's bY"~LL~OII'vt. It's ll'vOt tV1ot pv~Clj 6tV!eY". lSIAt dall'v't
Lose ~t tV!~s hw..e'
c.oLL w..e wV1ell'v ljW'Ve got ~t lilll'vd we'LL w..eet tAp.
Love
MlilY"~Iil

14
 Unit 1 Influence

6 0 Work in pairs. Take it in turns to choose an item you have lost or broken and ask your
partner for a recommendation for a replacement. Use the expressions in the Useful
Language box.

e.g. A Can you recommend a good dictionary? Useful language

I've lost mine and I need a new one.
Asking for a recommendation:
B I'd go for the Macmillan English Dictionary. I've lost my ... . What do you suggest/ recommend I get?
It's very .. .
Can you suggest/ recommend a good ... ? I need a new ... . Any ideas?
Recommending:
I'd go for ...
I'd suggest/ recommend the
The .. . isreally good.
Ifyou ask me, the best ... is the ...
There are no two ways about it. I'd get the ...
7 Answer the following Part 1 task.

You have received an email from your English-speaking friend Johnny who is going to buy
a new computer. Read Johnny's email and the notes you have made. Then write a reply to
Johnny, using all your notes. Write 120-150 words.

From : Johnny
lell 1-\ev
Sent: 41h May
Subject: Help!

rd from you! What have you been doing? Life's good here- lots of sunshine.
onth! So, we've been going down the beach a lot. But school starts
soon - unfortunately! Are you back at school yet?
Talking about school , I've got some good news. Dad has finally agreed to get me a laptop!
Trouble is I have no idea which one to get. There have been a lot of adverts for Dell laptops
recently- and then there's Apple Macs too. Help! You're the expert and I really trust your
judgement. Can you recommend a good one that doesn't cost the earth?
re on the subject of spending money- have you bought anything interesting

Write soon
Johnny.
Yes - s01.y w\.\od-
01.\\tA w\.\y yoi.A
~- - --- - Help - . - - - - - - 001..\81-\t- it-

• Make sure you write something about each handwritten note, otherwise you will lose marks. Develop each one in
the same way that Maria does in her email on page 14.
• Remember to use features of informal writing as in exercise 3 .
• Organize your email into paragraphs.
• Always refer to the received email: Good to hear from you/ Thanks for your email/ Lovely to get your email etc., and end with
a suitable comment: Let me know what you think/ Write soon/ Let's meet up soon/ Give me a ring!All the best etc.
• Use linking words to join ideas.
My computer crashed while I was writing up my conclusion .
Find other examples of linking words in Maria's email.
• See pages 140- 141 for more information on writing informal letters and emails.

15
 •
e 1e
FCE Use of English Part 4: Transformations
Fo r questions 1-:-8, complete t~e secon d sentence so tha t it h as a simila r m eanin g to the
firs t sentence, u smg the wo rd g1ven. Do not change the word given. You must u se
between two and five wo rd s, including t h e wo rd given. Here is an example (0).
Example:
0 When did you buy that dictionary?
H AD
How long .... tf.f...Y.~.. Y.9.~.. tf.f...P. .................................... that dictionary?
1 I haven't watched TV for at least three weeks!
LAST
It's at least three weeks ........................................................ ................... TV.
2 The last time I went to France was three years ago.
FOR
I have .... ........................ ............................ ................... three years.
3 I met Gary when we were at university together.
KNOWN
I ........................................................................... we were at university together.
4 We were playing football just now and we are really dirty.
BEEN
We are really dirty because ........................................................................... football.
5 I've never eaten a better meal than this.
EVER
This is the ........................................................................... eaten.
6 Who was your opponent in that tennis match I saw you play yesterday?
PLAYING
Who ........................................................................... against in that tennis match I saw yesterday?
7 I didn' t feel very well this morning and I don't feel any better now.
FEELING
I ........................................................................... ill all day.
8 This is my first visit to the USA.
NEVER
I ........................................................................... the USA before.

Language focus
Underline th e correct word in italics.
I (1) was coming/came home from school this afternoon on the bus when I (2) noticed/ had noticed a
notebook on the floor under the seat in front of me. I (3) was picking/picked it up and (4) was
realising/realised that it (5) was belonging/belonged to Olga, a friend of mine. She (6) was writing/had
written her name on the inside cover. I (7) phoned/ had phoned her straight away. She (8) was
walking/walked her dog in the park so I (9) went/ had gone to meet her and give her the book. She
was really pleased that I (10) was finding/had found it. She (11) worriedj'd been worrying about it for
hours because it (12) was having/had all her notes for the exam in it. Apparently, she (13) was
droppingl'd dropped it on the bus at lunchtime. How lucky that I (14) was choosing/had chosen that
seat on the bus!

16
 Review

FCE Use of English Part 2: Open doze

Read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use only one word in
each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0).

Ronnie Scott's
Ronnie Scott's, the famous jazz club in London,
(0) has .:!.~.?.!. celebrated its fiftieth anniversary. It
was opened by Ronnie Scott and his friend Pete King
after they had (1) ........... to New York on a trip.
(2) ........... jazz scene there had had an enormous
influence (3) ........... them and they decided to create
something similar in London. It (4) ........... immediately
a great success. But even then Ronnie had absolutely
(5) ........... idea that it would end (6) ........... as the world
renowned institution that it now is. Over the last fifty
years many of the best jazz artists in the world
(7) ........... played at Ronnie Scott's and have been a
source (8) ........... inspiration to a whole generation of
young musicians. (9) ........... its debut the club has always had a lot of members (10) .......... .
even poor economic conditions haven't had a n egative effect on (11) ........... popularity.
Although Ronnie himself died a long time (12) ........... his legacy remains and music lovers
from all walks oflife continue to keep the spirit of jazz alive at Ronnie Scott's.

Vocabulary 2 Complete each gap with the correct words.

You are given the first letter.
1 Complete each gap with a word from the 1 There was a heavy d ........... just as we were
box. leaving college this afternoon and we all
got really wet.
back for off up(x2) 2 We've been going through a bit of a cold
down into s........... recently and we've had to turn up
the heating.
1 Most children look ........... to an elder
brother or sister. 3 Do you remember the h ........... wave two
summers ago, when we weren't allowed
2 When I was ill I had to let ........... a lot of to wash our cars or water our gardens?
people at work because I just couldn't
finish the reports on time. 4 During the day the humidity was very
h ........... and there wasn' t even a light
3 It was hard to get to the next level of the b ........... to make it bearable.
computer game but I didn't give ........... !
5 We had a very hard winter and the
4 I wish I'd gone ........... the chicken- the temperatures regularly d ........... to below
fish has made me feel quite ill. zero.
5 Dan talked me ........... going to the
cinema with him but I didn' t really
enjoy the film. Writing practice
6 When I look ........... I can see that I've
done some really silly things over the Look at the reading text on page 7 again.
years. Write a short paragraph for the magazine
7 Pete's obsession with computers has about the person who has most influenced
rubbed ........... on his younger brother you in your life. Say how the person has
and he's going to study computer influenced you and what you have learned
science at university. from him or her.
 2 cc
I

Vocabulary and speaking: Success

'
•

You've
1 0 Read th e quota tions about su ccess
an d discuss t h e follo wing questions with
2 Underline the co rrect word in i talics to
form common phrases with the wo rd s in
bold.
achieved success yo~rpartner. Give reasons for your
op1n10ns. 1 I always study hard and usually get/ turn/
in your field when you do well in exams.
don 't "n ow whether what What is each quotation trying to say?
yo u're d oing is work or 2 It's still a man's world in my country
Do you agree or disagree with it? and very few womengetj makejgo it to
play. Warren
Beatty Which is your favourite? the top of their profession.
3 I don' t think I would bejgojget a success
The Success as a teacher - I don' t have enough
only place where usually comes to patience.
success comes before those who are too busy
work is a dictionary. 4 We used to be told that t h e only way to
to be looking for it. work/ succeed/ get on in life was to have a
Vidal Sassoon Henry David good education, but that's just not true
Thoreau nowadays.
5 Things are going/doing/ turning well for
I have me at t he moment: life is good!
failed many If at 6 I'll probably stop working when I have
t ime ~ , and that's why I first you don' t filled/ achieved/ succeeded my ambition to
am a success. succeed, try, t ry again. become rich and famous .
M ichael Jordan Proverb 7 If there's a problem or t hings do n' t go/
pass/ result according to plan, I don' t
All you worry because I' m always confident that
Success n eed in this life is everything will putj turnjgive out right in
isn' t permanent ignorance and co nfiden ce; the end.
and failure isn't fatal . then success is sure. 8 I got/ had/ did it! I finished the exercise
M ike Ditka Mark Twain andgotj workedj made them all right!
3 Discu ss with your p art ner how true the
sentences in exercise 2 are fo r you o r your
country.

FCE Listening Part 3: Multiple matching

• On the recording you will not hear 1 @ 1.1 - 1.6 You will h ear five differen t p eople talking about
exactly the same words that appear success. For questions 1-5, choose from the list (A-F) what ea ch
in sentences A- F. Before you listen, sp eaker says. Use t h e letters only once. There is o n e extra letter
it is helpful , therefore, to predict wh ich you do not need to use.
possible ways in which the speakers
will express the ideas in the A I had to be patient for success to come.
sentences. As you read through
A- F, think of different ways of
Speaker 1 CEJ
B I enjoy the wealth associated with success.
saying each one.
e.g. A It was a long time before I was
Speaker 2 Oil
successful, I needed to wait many years, I c I listened to the advice of other experts.
wasn't successful straight away Speaker 3 [TI]
• You will hear all five speakers once, D A successful person is someone who
with a short pause between each accomplishes their goals. Speaker 4 CEJ
one, then the whole recording is
E A combination of factors is required to
played again. Listen both times very
carefully to what each speaker says
become successful. Speaker 5 Oil
before making your final decision. F You need to have confidence in your
own ability.
 Unit 2 Success!

2 Check your answers by reading the listening script on page 150. Underline the p arts of
each extract which guide you to the correct answers. The first one has been done for you.
3 Speaker 1 says: They earn a lot ofmoney and some ofthem have a very high opinion ofthemselves and
their abilities.

The mention of 'money' and 'a very high opinion of themselves' may have caused you to
choose, incorrectly, either B or F as your answer. These are examples of distractors: language
or information in the script that may cause you to choose an incorrect answer.

Look at the listening script again and identifY the dis tractors for Speakers 2- 5.

FCE Speaking Part 2: Talkin about photos

1 0 Look at the photographs below. They show people who have succeeded in something. - ~- -

Student A: Compare the photographs and say how you think the people are feeling.
Help
Student A
How are the people feeling?
• Do not give detailed
descriptions of each
photo. Instead ,
comment on the
similarities (Both
photos show ... ) and
differences (In the
first photo ... whereas
in the second one ... ),
before moving on
to the second part
of the task.

• The second part of

Student A's task,
introduced by the
words 'and say' is
Student B: When your partner has finished, answer the following question. always written as a
How do you normally celebrate a success? question above the
photos. Refer to
2 0 Now change roles. this if you forget
what you have to
Student A: Compare the photographs and say how difficult you think it was for the people do.
to ach1eve success.
Student B
Develop your
How difficult was it for the people to achieve success? answer by giving
examples of
situations or
reasons for you r
opm1ons.

Student B: When your partner has finished, answer the following question.
Which of the two people had to work harder to achieve success?
 FCE Reading Part 2: introduction and first paragraph of the
Gapped text article, and predict what general points the
article will mention.
Example:
1 Many British children say they want
to work in their own sweet shop when they I think it will say how Michael Parker got the
grow up. What was your dream job when money to start his business.
you were a young child?
3 Read the base text (the main text with the
2 The reading text is one of a series of articles gaps) and check the predictions you made
entitled 'How I made it'. Read the headline, in exercise 2. Do not read sentences A-H
yet.

The sweet taste of success

Michael Parker, founder of (A Quarter oF expects to sell £3m
ofoldfashioned sweets this year, writes Rachel Bridge.

When Michael Parker started his online Things did not always go according to plan.
old-fashioned sweet shop, he had the Shortly before Christmas one year, two
advantage of one secret ingredient - nostalgia. 40 newspapers wrote articles about the firm.
He got the inspiration for his business, 'A I s I I He said: "We had 5,000 e-mails
5 Quarter Of', from memories of the sweet shop and I worked out that if we worked
at the end of the road where he grew up in absolutely flat out from 7am in the morning
Beaconsfield, Buckinghamshire. to llpm at night every day in the run-up to
45 Christmas, we might just be all right. We
Parker did well at school and later went on couldn't answer the phone. We just had a
to study marketing and operational research message on it saying, sorry, we are so busy
10 at Lancaster University. I 1 I IHe we can't talk to you." In the end, they
eventually left there at the age of 33, to set managed to send out all the orders.
up a marketing company from his home
using savings of £500. He learnt everything 50 Parker has continued to extend the initial
he could about the internet and soon found selection of fifty types of sweet, often
15 himself work helping firms to improve their influenced by customers asking him to
position on search-engine sites. search for their childhood favourites.
But it was three years later that Parker came
I6 I
up with his winning idea. His brother had 'A Quarter Of' now sells seven hundred
told him about a firm he had heard about on 55 different varieties of sweet and turnover this
20 the radio. I 2 I I Parker said: "I thought year is expected to be about £3m./ 7 I I
if they could get ten orders a day by making "I will not compromise. If I think a sweet is
people take a fixed selection, maybe I could not good enough for the site, we won't have
get ten orders a day letting people choose it. You can get loads of cheaper versions of
what they wanted." 60 sherbet lemons, for example. They probably
taste nice but the only ones that we sell on
25 He designed the website using a free demo the website are the ones that I remember. "
disk from a magazine and then went to a
local wholesale shop and spent £85 on He has this advice for budding entrepreneurs.
sweets. I 3 I I "I thought if it makes me "Give it a go. So many people have e-mailed
£200 a month it will be an interesting 65 me to say they had the idea of starting an
30 thing to do and I will have learnt how to do online sweet shop but didn't do anything
websites for shops, which might come in about it. And learn as you go along. If you
handy for my marketing business." wait until you have got it absolutely perfect,
you will never do it."
And for the first six months it was just
that. "I would get an order a day if I was
35 lucky. I would have the sweets in the office
with me and at about 3pm I would weigh
them out and post them off." I 4 I I

20
4 Seven sentences have been removed from the article. Choose from the sentences A-H the
one which fits each gap (1-7). There is one extra sentence which you do not need to use.

• Before reading the missing sentences A- H, predict the type of information that could
go in each gap.
e.g. 1 This will probably mention a job that Parker had between leaving university and starting his
marketing company.
• Read the missing sentences and decide where each one should go. When making your
choices, make sure you read the information both before and after each gap in the
text.
• Some parts ofthe base text have been highlighted to help you . Underline any words in
the missing sentences A-H which help you make your choices. Note that in the FCE
exam none of the text is highlighted .
• When you have finished, read through the whole article again with the missing
sentences in place to ensure that it makes sense. Check that the extra sentence does
not fit into any ofthe gaps.

A However, after the first half-year Parker E To begin with he imagined it would be a
hired aPR company to advertise his website small operation.
and as orders grew he took on staff to help F After graduating, he followed no particular
him. career path, working first for a bank, then
B Parker thinks the secret of his success has at Anglian Water and finally for a company
been having a strong vision of what he was that made automatic doors.
trying to achieve, namely the sweet shop G One addition, sweet tobacco, made of
from his childhood. coconut strips dusted in chocolate powder,
C These created so much interest that Parker has become the company's bestseller.
had to stop taking orders on December 9th. H It put together boxes of traditional sweets
D Fortunately, Parker succeeded in to send to British people living abroad.
persuading them to continue production of
their more traditional sweets.

5 Underline the phrasal verbs 1-6 below in the text, then match them to their meanings a-£
1 grow up (line 6) a think of an idea or a plan
2 go on + infinitive with to (line 8) b start to employ someone
3 set up (line 11) c change from being a child to being an adult
4 come up with (line 17) d calculate
S work out (line 42) e start a business or an organization
6 take on (sentence A) f do something after you have finished doing
something else

6 0 Discuss these questions with a partner.

Read the last paragraph of the base text again. Do you think you would be a success as an
entrepreneur? Why/Why not?
Do you know any famous entrepreneurs from your country? Why do you think they were
successful?
Do you think you can learn to be an entrepreneur or does it depend on your personality?

21
Unit 2 Success!

Language focus: Ability

1 a In the following extracts from the 4 I was unable/ was incapable/ didn 't learn how
reading text and missing sentences on to ride a bike until I was about ten .
pages 20 and 21, use the correct form of a 5 I had problems with the last English
word in the box to complete each gap. You homework but I could/managed to/ was
may need to write a negative form. able to finish it in the end.
I succeed manage can (x2) I 6 It is unable/ impossible/not possible for me
to lend money to anyone at the moment.
'We ( 1) ..................... answer the phone. We just
had a message on it saying, sorry, we are so busy 4 0 Work in pairs. Discuss how true the
sentences in exercise 3 are for you.
we (2) ................ ..... talk to you'. In the end, they
(3) ..................... to send out all the orders.
(Line 45) Read more about ability in the
Grammar Reference.
Fortunately, Parker ( 4) ..................... in
persuading them to continue production of 5 Read the text below, ignoring the gaps.
their more traditional sweets. (Sentence D) Then complete each gap with one word
Check your answers in the text. from the ability structures in the
Language focus section.
b Rewrite all four sentences in exercise 1a
using an appropriate form of be able and
making any necessary changes to the verbs t>erltlCl-p.s VVli::J bLgge.st .suc.c.e.s.s wCl.s wltlevc, 1
which follow. C!-p-peClred Lvc, Cl .sc.ltlooL -pLCltJ . 1 wCl.s reC!LLtJ vert!
.sltltJ Cl.s Cl teevc,Clger Clvc,d 1 dLdvc,'t tltlLvc,iz 1 wCl.s
Example:
(1..) _________ of Clc.hvc,g ovc, .stC~ge Lvc, frovc,t
1 We weren't able to answer the phone.
of Clvc, CludLevc,c,e . lSut VVlij drClVVlCl teClc.ltler WCl.s
2 a Read the following sentences and c,ovc,vLvc,c,ed 1'd be (2) _________ to do Lt, .so 1
explain why could is possible in 1 but not dec.Ld ed to V1Clve Cl go. It wCl.s quLte Cl Lc.1rge -pe!rt,
in 2. Use the words in bold to help you. but 1 (3) _________ to Lwrvc, VVltJ LLvc,e.s wLtltlout
1 Apparently, my dad could dance really too VVluc.V1 effort, Clvc,d 1 C!L.so ltlCld to LeClrvc,
well when he was young man. V
(4) _________ to fi.-gltlt wLtltl Cl .sword, wV1Lc,V1
2 My dog ran away last night but we
wCl.s good fuvc,. Ovc, tltle bLg vc,Lgltlt I V1Cld
could find him and bring him home. X
butterfUe.s Lvc, VVlij .stoVVlClc.V1, but I
b Rewrite sentence 2 in three different (5) _________ Lvc, overc.oVVlLvc,g VVlij vc,erve.s
ways using manage, succeed and be able Glvc,d 1 (G) _________ reVVleVVlber vc,ow Clc.tuC!LLtJ
instead of could.
ev0otJLvc,g VVltJ.SeLf 1tltlLvc,iz Lt ltleL-ped tltlc.1t tltle
c Note that although could is only possible .stClge LLgltlt.s were .sltlLvc,Lvc,g Lvc,to VVlij eije.s
in sentence 1, couldn't is possible in negative .so 1 (.T) _________ vc,ot .see tltle CludLevc,c.e .
versions of both sentences 1 and 2. L.{vc,fortuvc,ClteLtJ, VVlij fe!tltler wCl.s (g>) ________ _
My dad couldn' t dance very well when he to .see VVl e -perforVVl bewu.se ltle wCl.s Lvc, ltlo.s-pLtC! L,
was a young man. V
but tltletJ fl.-LVVled Lt C!LL Clvc,d ltle 0) _________
My dog ran away last night and we couldn't
ClbLe to .see tltle DVD wltlevc, ltle WVVle out. It's.
find him. V
(1..0) --------- for VVle to WCltc,ltl tltlClt DVD VI.-OW
3 In sentences 1-6, one of the three wLtltlout gLvLvc,g Cl .sClh.sfi.-ed .sVVlLLe: I WCl.Svc,'t Cl
alternatives is not correct. Cross it out brLLLLClvc,t Clc,tor; but I dLd Lt Clvc,d I'VVl -proud of
and say why it is not possible.
VVli::J.SeLf for Clg redvc,g to tel R.e -pc.1 rt Lvc, tltle -pLCl tJ .
1 I'd love to be able to/know how to/ can
speak Japanese.
2 I couldn 't/ didn't succeed in/ didn 't manage to 6 Write a short text about a time when you
get to sleep until after midnight last had a success. Include some of the ability
night. structures from the Language focus
3 I've never been able to/ managed to/ could section.
whistle with my fingers in my mouth.

22
 Unit 2 Success!

Word formation: Adjectives

1 Write the appropriate adjective form of 2 Use the suffixes below to create adjectives
the words in brackets to complete these from the words in 1-8. The same suffix is
extracts from the reading text on pages 20 required for all three words in each group.
and 21. The final word in each group also requires
a But it was three years later that Parker a spelling change. The first one has been
came up with his ..':Y.~Y.':-Y.':-~.~.0 .. (win) idea. done for you.
b I would get an order a day ifi was
..................... (luck).
-able
-ous
-al
-y
-ent -ful -mg
~I
c It put together boxes of .................... .
(tradition) sweets to send to British 1 attract tmpress decide
people living abroad. ClttrCI ctLve Lv01:pressLve ciecLsLve
d I thought if they could get ten orders a 2 pots on danger humour
day by making people take a ................. .... 3 profession emotion nature
(fix) selection .. . 4 wealth cloud sun
e I tho ught if it makes me £200 a month
5 care harm beauty
it will be an ............ ...... ... (interest) thing
to do. 6 reason comfort rely
Check your answers in the text. 7 frighten worry surpnse
8 depend insist appear

3 Use the word given at the end of each sentence to form a word that fits in the gap in
the same sentence.
- -------
- ~~

, Help
'

Use the words in bold to help you choose the correct form of each word . As well as deciding on the correct
part of speech (noun , adjective, adverb or verb) , you may need to consider, for example, whether an
adjective or adverb is required , an adjective is positive or negative, or a noun is singular or plural.

Examples:
0 Congratulations go to Joe Kennedy, the ..... .k~-i..G-.~I:J ·· · ····· · ·· ···· winner of a LUCK
digital camera in this month's photographic competition.
00 I have some bad news I'm afraid. \1Y.1:{9.r.t.~Y.I:.0.t.~~tj .. .. the end-of-term FORTUNATE
party has had to be cancelled.
1 In an effort to keep fit and ... .................. ............ a growing number of HEALTH
retired people are joining gyms.
2 We enjoyed the film but the seats in the cinema were really COMFORT
................................. .
3 The increase in the number of road accidents is a ... .................... ......... . WORRY
problem.
4 After completing his round-the-world cycle ride, Jacobs said he felt EXHAUST
.. ......................... ...... and was looking forward to sleeping.
5 The referee stopped the match when a ............................. .... ran onto the SPECTATE
pitch.
6 The incident was seen by nearly ten million television .. ............................. . VIEW
7 Despite claims that the drug has no ................................. effects, many HARM
patients are refusing to take it.
8 I had to write my article again: the teacher said there were too many CARE
................................ mistakes.
9 Footballer Mark Sutton was arrested yesterday for driving DANGER

10 The speech was intended to be ........ ....... .. .......... ...... but I saw no one HUMOUR
laughing.
Unit 2 Success!

FCE Listening Part 4: Multiple choice

1 0 Work in pairs. Imagine that you want to take part in a sporting activity to raise money
for a local charity. Here are some of the activities you are thinking about.
Cycle 100 kilometres
Run a half-marathon
Swim 40 lengths (2 kilometres) of an Olympic-size swimming pool
Play table tennis non-stop for 8 hours
Play basketball in a wheelchair for 4 hours
Talk to each other about what you would find easy or difficult about each activity, then
decide which one you would both do together.
2 You will hear an interview with Mark Jacobs, who has just cycled round the world. Read
question 1, then look at the shaded part of the script on page 151 and choose the best
option (A, B or C). Underline the part(s) of the script where you can find the answer.
1 What motivated Mark to cycle round the world?
A His grandfather encouraged him to do it.
B He was trying to break the world record.
C He wanted to collect money for an organization.
3 Explain why the other options are wrong. Refer to the script.
4 {f) 1.7 Read questions 2-7. Then listen to the recording and choose the best answer (A,
B or C).
2 What does Mark say about the...eeople who came to welcome him home?
• Read the questions A Some of them were crying.
a nd options.
B Many were surprised by his appearance.
Underline key words
.., the questions to c There were not as many as he had expected.
il elp focus your 3 It was important for Mark each morning to
itttention on the A get up at exactly the same time.
m portant
B have a large breakfast.
nformation when
·t o u listen to the c phone home.
•ecord ing. Question 4 While he was cycling, Mark frequendy felt
2 has been done for A fed up.
~ o u.
B lonely.
• The first time you
sten to the
c tired.
11terview, put a 5 Mark says that high winds caused him to
Mark next to the A progress more slowly than planned.
o ption you think is B lose confidence in his cycling ability.
co rrect. Listen
ca reful ly the second
c fall off his bicycle and injure himself.
t •me before making 6 What does Mark say about the technological
yo ur final decision. equipment he took?
• As with other parts A It wasn't very heavy.
o f the listening B There was too much.
paper you wi ll hear
cistractors.
c Some of it was stolen.
7 In some countries he visited, Mark was impressed with
A the quality of the food.
B the generosity of the people.
c the size of the houses.
5 Look at the script on page 151. For questions 2-7 underline the part(s) of the script that
gives you the answer and explain why the other options are wrong.

24
 Unit 2 Success!

6 a At the end of the recording, the 2 (quite) a lotj muchffar + comparative+ than
interviewer says: The stage show is Ear more enjoyable than
'After the news summary, we'll be opening up the the film.
phone linesfor listeners' questions' not nearly+ asfso +adjective/adverb+ as
Write down four questions that you would The film isn't nearly as enjoyable as the
ask Mark about his trip. stage show.
3 by far/easily+ superlative
b 0 Work in pairs. This is easily the most expensive
campsite we've ever stayed in.
Student A: You are the interviewer. Ask
Mark your four questions, and any others 4 just/ nearly+ as+ adjective/ adverb +as
which may be relevant. I'm just as old as Paul.
just/nearly+ the same ( + noun) +as
Student B: You are Mark. Respond to the
interviewer's questions, developing your I'm just the same age as Paul.
answers as much as possible. 5 the + comparative, the + comparative
The faster you work, the less time it will
Now change roles. take.
a to show that two changes happen
Language focus: together; the second is often the result
of the first.
Comparisons b to talk about people or things that are
the same or almost the same in some way.
1 Complete each gap in these sentences c to describe big differences between two
from the listening with one word. people or things.
1 The record stands at 175 days and it d to describe small differences between
took me quite a lot longer ................ that. two people or things.
2 I wasn't quite ................ handsome as e to emphasize the difference between one
when I started out! person or thing and all the others.
3 In fact the wind was by far the ............... .
difficult thing I had to deal with during
b Read sentences 1-5 in exercise 1 again and
match them to functions a-e above.
the whole trip.
4 It seemed as if .......... ...... harder I
pedalled, ................ stronger the wind
0 Read more about Comparisons in the
Grammar Reference.
decided to blow.
5 I got to Australia a ...... .......... later than 4 a One word in each of these sentences is
I'd intended. not correct. Change the incorrect word.
1 Books are many more interesting than
Check your answers in the script on page 151. films.
2 Copy and complete the table with the 2 It's better to try and fail that never try at
comparative and superlative forms of all.
these adjectives and adverbs. 3 The people in my country are among the
friendliest of the world.
fast wet white early slowly
4 The more qualifications you have, the
gentle reliable good bad far
easilier you will find a job.
5 The Harry Potter films are by far the
Adjective/ Comparative Superlative most entertaining films that have never
Adverb been made.
fast faster the fastest 6 Cats are not quiet as sociable as dogs.
7 English is probably the more difficult
language of all to learn.
3 a Match the structures and examples 1-5
totheir functions a-e. 8 Many of the mistakes in this exercise are
the same like the ones that I often make.
1 a bit/a little/slightly+ comparative+ than
Alex is slightly shorter than Helen. b 0your Dopartner,
you agree with sentences 1-8? Tell
giving reasons for your
not quite+ as/so+ adjective/adverb+ as
opinions.
Alex is not quite as tall as Helen.

25
Unit 2 Success!

Vocabulary: Sport 3 For a-e, complete each gap with the

correct form of one of the words in italics.
One of the words in each group is not
1 Find the following words from the
needed.
listening in the photograph on page 24.
T hey are all related to cycling. a take part take place take over take up
handlebars saddle pedals pannier Sally has ............................. running in order
to keep fit, but also to raise money for
2 a Underline the word in each group charity. She wants to ........ ..................... in the
which is not normally associated with the London marathon, which usually
sport in bold. Decide which of the sport(s) ............................. in April.
mentioned it is usually connected with? b next runner-up silver second
a football It wasn' t Trenkov's first time as an Olympic
boots referee track match ............................. medallist: he came
b tennis ............................. in the same event in Sydney,
racket net ump1re pitch where he was also the ............................. in the
c basketball long jump.
goggles time out referee court c spectators viewers public crowd
d athletics Over twenty three million television
court field event meeting ............................. watched American star
starti ng blocks Serena Williams win the Women's US Open
e golf
Tennis Final, in addition to the 22,500
course clubs vest tournament ............................ . who filled the Arthur Ashe
Stadium. The home ............... .............. was
f swimming clearly delighted with the result.
lane helmet costun1e pool
d beat wzn draw score
g skiing
In last night's Champions League matches,
slope sticks slalom hole
Real Madrid .............. ........ ....... FC Zurich
h skating 5 - 2, Barcelona ................ ............ . 0 - 0 with
Rollerblades TM trunks rink Inter, and FC Sevilla ............................. 2 - 0
knee pads against Romanian opponents Unirea
Urziceni.
e practise do play go
I'm sorry, they're not here. Ellie has
............................. swimming and Paul is
............................. football. Well, not a whole
game - he said he was going to the park
with Steve to ...... ......... .......... .... taking
penalties.
4a Choose four sports and write a
sentence for each one. Include at least two
words from exercises 1-3 above in each
sentence, but do not mention the name of
the sport.
Example:
A spectator ran onto the court and began shouting
b Copy the words from 2a, including at the umpire.
those you underlined, in their correct
groups in your notebook. Organize the b 0 Read out your sentences to your
partner, who will tell you which sports
words into the following columns. The
first one has been done for you. you have written about.
Sport Place Clothes & Other words
Equipment
footbe<LL p~tcltl boots
 Unit 2 Success!

FCE Writing Part 2: Articles

1 0 Read the following Part 2 question and tell your partner how you might answer it.
You have seen this announcement in an international magazine:

The Importance of Sport

What benefits do you get from doing sport?
Write and tell us why taking part in sport is important for you.
The best articles will be published in next month's magazine.

2 Read the model answer on page 127 and compare the benefits the writer mentions with
those you discussed in exercise 1. Then complete the exercises (A-C) which follow the
model answer.
3 a Read the following Writing Part 2 question.
You see this announcement in your school English-language magazine.

Sports competition
Your school wants to organise a sports competition for its teachers
and students. Football, tennis, basketball and swimming have all
been suggested, but only one will be chosen. Write us an article:
o telling us which one of these ideas you like best for the
competition and why.
o explaining why you are less keen on the other ideas.

b Tell your partner which sport you would choose and why. Consider, for example,
which one would be:
o the easiest to organise.
o the most popular.
o the most enjoyable.
o the best for teachers and students to do together
4 Write your article in 120-180 words. Your article is for the school magazine: you can write
in a more formal or informal style, but it must be consistent.
-- ---- -~

- - --

Help
Read the following advice to help you plan your article.
• Tn:le: This should give an idea ofthe article's general content. Write this when you have finished your article.
• Introduction: It is important to interest your readers from the start. You can ask a direct question or make a
surprising statement. You can also say which sport you like best.
e.g. Everyone knows how much /love tennis, but it wouldn't be my first choice for the sports competition. I'd go for a basketball
tournament ...
or Can you imat)ne the fun we'd have beating the teachers in a game of football?
• Central paragraph(s) : Give your reasons. Try to use some of the vocabulary from this unit and structures for
comparisons on page 25.
• Condusion: End with a statement or question which summarises your opinions and/ or leaves the reader
something to think about.
e.g. Clearly, then, the swimming competition would be the most popular choice. Who could fail to enjoy it?
• See page 142 for more information on writing articles.
 e •e
Language focus
Complete each gap with one word.
1 This is probably the .................. comfortable room .................. the building - it's .................. lot
colder than any of the other classrooms, and with no natural light it's .................. far the darkest.
2 My grandad's .................. n early as old .................. you might think. He's got grey hair and
wrinkles, but h e's about the same age .................. Cheryl's dad- perhaps a .................. older,
but not much.
3 There weren't as .................. cars on the road .................. we expected, so it wasn't .................. a
bad journey as last year. In fact, it took us .................. than four hours to get there - three
hours 50 minutes to be precise.
4 The .................. I think about it, .................. less I like the idea. Actually, it's probably one of
the sillies t ideas you've .................. had - maybe not .................. as silly as your plan to
hitchhike to Japan, but almost.
5 They were lovely little cakes. "Eat as .................. as you want," they said to us. So we did,
and I didn't feel very well after that. Annie felt much .... ......... ..... than me, though, which
was strange, because she had .................. cakes than anyone else -just two, in fact.

FCE Use of English Part 4: Transformations

For 1-8, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence,
using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must u se between two and five
words, including the word given. Here is an example (0).
Example:
0 Paul doesn't know how to fry an egg!
INCAPABLE
Paul ......... !§.>.. !~.06.f.6~.1,-;-.?. ..i?..f.. .f.~'(.1.N~t.. ....... an egg!
1 We failed to find a solution to the problem.
SUCCEED
We ......... ........ ............ ................ .... ................... ....... a solution to the problem.
2 I'm sorry but I will not be able to go to the meeting.
IMPOSSIBLE
I'm sorry but it ............ .......................................... .. ........... ........ to go to the meeting.
3 My younger brother isn't able to look after himself.
CAPABLE
My younger brother is ............................. ... .... ....................................... after himself
4 My cousin Amy has finally succeeded in getting a job.
MANAGED
My cousin Amy has finally ....................................... .................................... a job.
5 Elisa is slightly younger than Lara.
QUITE
Elisa ..................... ....... ............................................... as Lara.
6 I have never seen such a dirty beach before!
EVER
This is the ............................ ...... ....... ...................... ............ seen!
7 If you sleep a lot, you'll feel better.
LONGER
The ........................................................................... yo u'll feel.
8 There are fewer students in the class than there were last week.
AS
There ......................................................................... .. in the class as there were last week.
28
 Review

1 Read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to form
a word that fits in the gap in the same line. There is an example at the beginning (0).

• Read the whole text through first to see what it is about.

• Decide whether the word you need is a noun , adjective, adverb or verb. In the example (0 ),
the gap is preceded by an article (a) and followed by a noun (success story) , so we know an
adjective is required. For some gaps you may need a negative or a plural.
• Make sure you read the whole sentence, not just the line, when deciding on your answer. Be
particularly careful when you answer number 6 below.
• You may need to:
add a suffix: eg. EQUIP -> equipment
add a prefix: eg. COURAGE-> encourage
make a change in the middle of a word: STRONG ->strength
make more than one change: USUAL -> unusually
• Check your spelling. An incorrectly spelled word will receive no marks at all in the First
Certificate examination .

A Success Story
The popular family board game Scrabble™ is a
(0) &f..MAKKAJ?.!,-.1?.. success story. Over 100 million sets REMARK
have been sold in 29 (1) .................. languages and in 121 DIFFER
countries around the world, making it (2) .................. the EASY
world's best-selling word game. It began life in 1931 during
the Great Depression, when, like so many other Americans,
architect Alfred Butts found himself without (3) ................. . EMPLOY
His passion for words led him to devise a game he called
Lexico, in which players' scores were determined by the
( 4) .................. of the words they formed. The board was LONG
only incorporated in 1938, when Butts changed the name
to Criss-Crosswords. Some of the ( 5) .................. features ORIGIN
still appear in today's game, including the values of the
letters, which remain (6) ................... However, neither CHANGE
Lexico nor Criss-Crosswords was commercially
(7) .................. and Butts went back to being an architect. SUCCEED
Then, in 1948,James Brunot, one of the few (8) .................. of OWN
a Criss-Crosswords game, bought the manufacturing rights,
simplified the rules and came up with the new name of
Scrabble. In the first year of (9) .................. , just 2251 sets were PRODUCE
sold, losing Brunot money. In 1952, however, the Chairman
ofMacy's department store played Scrabble on holiday and
was (10) .................. to find that his own Games Department SURPRISE
did not sell it. This was soon put right, sales increased and
Scrabble went on to become a worldwide success.

29
 a
Vocabulary: Fakes

1 0 Read the dictionary definition ofjake and discuss the question below with a partner.

fake adj made to look like something

real in order to trick people.

What might be fake about each of these pictures?

1 ~-20)()(
2 Underline the correct word in italics to complete these extracts from a magazine article
titled 'D eception Today'.

Please send us the following information:

A
ACCOUNT NUMBER *
Phishing is becoming an increasing problem these days and it's important that people aren't
fooled (1) at/into giving out sensitive information online. It's very easy to be (2) taken/
made in by fake websites that look exactly like the real thing! We have to be very careful and
(3) look/ check out anything that we think is suspicious.
B
Apparently in some countries it's actually against the law to buy fake designer goods, not
only to sell them. Sometimes it's difficult to (4) telljsaythe difference between what's
(5) imitation/unreal and what's (6) actual/genuine but the price is usually a dead giveaway!
c
A lot of people have (7) fallen/gone for the 'You've won a competition! ' scam recently and
lost a lot of money. It's often someone on the phone and they make (8) forjout that you're a
winner but of course you need to let them have bank details or send insurance money in
advance. The problem is that these people are (9) coming/giving up with new ways to con
us out of money all the time.
D
These days we tend to think that (10) forgery/imitation is related more to (11) cloning/
impersonating credit cards rather than printing false bank notes. This is probably because
bank notes now have a lot of safeguards and it's getting more and more difficult to copy
them. However it does still happen so we need to be (12) on our security/guard, particularly
with the higher value notes.
E
The trouble is that a lot of people don't see it as actually (13) cheating/ falsifying - more
' researching' - but the fact is that a lot of word for word (14) copying/ imitating goes on in
students' assignments. Easy access to articles and papers on the internet is to blame and
there are a lot of people out there whose job is just to produce assignments on demand for a
fee! Teachers often can' t (15) tell/read whether the work is original or not!

-
""""-
3 Work in pairs. Give some examples of1-6 below.
1
2
Ways students can cheat.
Things you can buy that are fake.
3 Things that can be cloned.
4 Scams people fall for.
5 Safeguards on the internet.
6 Things that can be forged.
4 0 Have you ever bought a fake or fallen for a scam?
 Unit 3 It's an illusion

FCE Listening Part 3: Multiple matching

1 0 Work in pairs. Read the extract below from a magazine article about airbrushing.
Then answer this question.
How can airbrushing change a picture?
I Help
• Underline the
important words in
It's a natural instinct to believe that a photograph doesn't lie. Until recently,
the six options A- F
our eyes have accepted that everything they see is true. However, we now
and think about
know that this is not always the case. Most of us are aware of how photos what the speaker
can be touched up and it can be fun to do ourselves. But when we aren't might talk about.
aware of it- in magazine photos, for example- many people feel cheated.
It can be dangerous.
The now common practice of airbrushing makes a lot of people angry. How? Who to?
• You may hear words
which distract you .
2 (I} 1.8-1.12 You will hear five different people giving their opinions about airbrushing. For example
For questions 1-5 choose from the list (A-F) what each person thinks about airbrushing. ' healthy' might be
Use the letters only once. There is one extra letter which you do not need to use. said by one of the
speakers, but this
A It can be dangerous.
Speaker 1 []JJ does not necessarily
B It's done in response to a demand. make E the answer
c It's acceptable because people Speaker 2 [li] for that speaker.
are aware of it. Speaker 3 LITJ • Listen to each
D It's something celebrities have a right to. speaker all the wa y
E It encourages people to become healthier.
Speaker 4 CEJ through before you

F It's fine if it doesn' t go too far.

Speaker 5 Oil make a decision .

3 Look at the listening script on page 152 and underline the information that helps you
choose the right answers.

Vocabulary: Appearance
1 Complete each sentence with a word from the box that means the opposite of the word
in bold.
thick narrow stra ight clear wrinkled slim dull full

1 Her complexion isn't spotty now, it's ........... .

2 My gran's face used to be really smooth but these days it's quite ........... .
3 Harry was quite tubby but since he's been on the diet he's got very ........... .
4 Jan's parents spent a lot of money at the orthodontist and her crooked teeth
are now very ........... !
5 Hair transplants can make thinning hair ......... .. .
6 You know you can have injections to make thin lips look ........... .
7 I'm going to have cosmetic su rgery to change my nose. It's quite broad and I'd
like it to be ........... .
8 When you're not well your eyes often change from bright and sparkly to ........... .
2 Match each pair of adjectives 1-5 to the part of the body they describe a-e.
1 crooked/ rotten a complexion
2 piercing/almond-shaped b teeth
3 pale/ freckled c nose
4 shoulder-length/highlighted d eyes
5 hooked/ long e hair

3 0 Why do people often want cosmetic surgery to change their appearance?

Unit
.. 3 It's an illusion

Language focus: Modals of speculation and deduction

1 Read this dialogue between two people 1 past situations
looking at a photograph in a magazine. 2 present actions
Then underline the modal verbs and the 3 present states
infinitive forms which follow them. The
first one has been done for you. Read more about modals of speculation
A: That can't be her real hair. She had it cut and deduction in the Grammar
really short for her last film. Reference.
B: I agree. It must be a wig. It can't have grown 3 Each of the following sentences contains
that quickly. one mistake. Correct the mistakes.
A: But,you know, it could be her own hair with
1 Jack mustn't have gone to work because
extensions. his car is still outside.
B: That's true. I hadn't thought ofthat. 2 This can't have been Winchester already,
A: And she must have had some dental work. can it? It hasn' t taken us very long to get
Her teeth used to be crooked, don't you here.
remember? 3 I'm not sure where Ken is. Try the
B: Another thing- she must be wearing coloured library- he can be there.
contact lenses! I thought her eyes were brown! 4 I didn't hear Chloe say she was getting
2 a Decide which modal verbs are used in married. I must have been done
the dialogue to express ideas a-c. something else when she told you.
a I think this is possible. 5 You seem certain that this painting is a
fake, but it could not be - it's hard to tell.
b I'm sure this is the case.
c I'm sure this is not the case. 4 Work in pairs. Write three replies and
reasons for each of these questions 1-3.
Which two modal verbs can be used in Example:
place of could in the dialogue with the
same meaning? Are Ben and Sarah back from holiday yet?
TV!etJ VVI.lA.St be bli!c~, tV!ere's Iii LLgV!t oil\,.
b Which of the following infinitive forms
are used in the dialogue to refer to 1-3 at TV!etJ C/i!V~,'t be bli!c~, tV!dr wr L.sll\,'t tV!ere.
the top of the next column? TV!etJ VVI.LgV!t be bli!d~, B.ell\, .sii!Lcl tV!etJ were
• simple infinitive (eg be) goLII\,g to trtJ to get Iiiii\, wrLLer fUgV!t.
• continuous infinitive (eg be wearing) 1 Do you think Lucy passed her exam?
• perfect infinitive (eg have grown) 2 Did your mum go shopping today?
3 Does Fred live near the college?

Vocabulary: Expressions with take

1 Match each question beginning 1-6 to an appropriate ending a-£
1 Do you take your time getting ready in the morning, or
2 Do you take your parents for granted, or
3 Would you take the risk of not revising for the FCE exam,
4 Should examiners take into account things like illness or tiredness
5 Would you take offence if someone said you should do more exercise, or
6 Do you readily take advice from yo ur parents, or
a if you don' t do very well in an exam?
b knowing that there is a danger of failing it?
c do you do everything in a hurry?
d would you thank them for their advice?
e do you usually ignore what they say to you?
f do you show them your appreciation for what they do for you?

32
 Unit 3 It's an illusion

20 Discuss each of the questions in exercise 1. Give reasons and examples.

30 Copy each of the sentences into your vocabulary notebook. Underline the expressions
with take and note down the equivalent expression in your language.

FCE Use of English Part 4: Transformations

For questions 1-8, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the
first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use
between two and five words, including the word given. The sentences contain language
from units 1, 2 and 3. Here is an example (0).

0 Pete can' t have gone shopping this morning because there's nothing in the fridge.
SURE
I am .......~.l:!g~.. P.ff.~.. !?.~.I;.?N..'.IJ~Q .......... shopping this morning because there's nothing in
the fridge.

• In a transformation you may have to make grammatical and/ or lexical changes.

• Underline the part ofthe first sentence that is not mentioned in the second. It is this part that you will
have to think about.
• The key word might be part of an idiom , a phrasal verb or an expression. It might relate to a particular
grammatical point or it could be a synonym or an antonym of a word in the first sentence.
• When you rewrite the sentence pay attention to the correct use of verb patterns, prepositions,
negatives, conjunctions etc .
• Always keep to the word limit.

1 Helen and Fran were on the same college course so it's possible they met then.
MIGHT
Helen and Fran ................................................................ they were on the same college course.
2 He's asleep already so I'm sure he was tired.
MUST
He ................................................................ he's asleep already.
3 I know that Phil has the ability to pass the exam.
CAPABLE
I know that Phil ............. ........................... ........................ the exam.
4 To me both pictures look the same.
DIFFERENCE
I can't .......................................... ...................... the two pictures.
5 First we did the shopping and then we cooked a meal.
DONE
After we ................................................... ............. we cooked a meal.
6 It's possible that Kate forgot to turn off the cooker when she left the house.
REMEMBERED
Kate ................................................................ turn off the cooker when she left the house.
7 Phil might have given your phone number to Brad at the party.
POSSIBILITY
There's ................................................................ your phone number to Brad at the party.
8 You need to consider the cost of the taxi when planning the journey.
ACCOUNT
You should ................................................................ the cost of the taxi when planning the
JOUrney.
Unit3 It 's an illusion

FCE Reading Part 1: Multiple choice

1 0 DoWhy/Why
you recognise the film poster? Have you seen the film? Did you enjoy it?
not?
2 a 0 What type of film is Up? Think of one recent example of the other types of film in
the box below and tell your partner what you know about them.
thriller adventure film romance comedy horror film animation film
science fiction film psychological drama period drama

b What other types of films can you think of?

3 Work in pairs. Do you know the names of any famous film companies? What sort of films
do they make? What do you know about Pixar?
4 Read the article quickly. Is it mainly about Pixar or Up?

UP WITH PIXAR
It s arted with a drawing: an old man inventive people. The firm 's PR people
wit a green face fixed in an angry are proud that the senior production
sc wl. His little eyes squinted sideways, staff on Up have been on the payroll for
a n his left hand gripped an enormous over a decade. They are the best in the
bur ch of coloured balloons covered in world at what they do, and deserve
slogans like 'love' and 'joy'. Look closely everything that goes with it - from
and you could see that he was holding ping-pong to company yoga days.
them tight, the way people hold onto 'Most Hollywood studios are run by
their dreams. Five years later that old businessmen, says Up director, Peter
man acquired both a name (Carl Docter. 'The problem with that is that if
Fredrickson) and a pair of square you start out on any film with the goal
spectacles. From a simple beginning in of simply making money, the chances
felt·tip and coloured crayon, he emerged are that you're not going to make a great
as ne of the highest earners in movie.' Pixar approaches film-making
Hoi ywood: star of a $400m cinematic from the opposite direction. They take
phenomenon called Up . MAY29 talented people, allow them to enjoy
Up vas 2009's smash hit from Pixar, a so themselves, and let that childish
computer animation studio doing to 21st freedom rub off on films. As a result it
cent ury animation what Disney did to it made $52lm, and won an Oscar for encourages brave ideas that might, in a
20th. Pixar makes cartoons that both Best Animation. So then we had Up . The normal studio environment, end up on
children and adults adore. To critics, it film is part action adventure, part about the cutting room floor. With Up people
can do no wrong. ' You have to go back of the meaning of happiness, love and might have said, 'It won't appeal to kids,
to Dis ney in the Thirties and Forties, loss. Critics, needless to say, adored it. they hate old people.' Or, 'You can ' t have
wh n they lifted audiences out of the They laughed a lot at its subplots and an action adventure film that stars a
Great Depression with Snow White, raved about its supporting characters. 78-year-old man .' But from the top, Pixar
Bam bi, Pinocchio and Dumbo , in quick They called it tender, thrilling, and very, is different,' added Docter.
succession, to get anything close,' wrote very funny. In Up , the creative process was more
the respected film critic Tom Shone. complicated than usual. The film was
So, what is the secret of their success?
'This is living history, right under our one of the first major new products to be
Pixar Studios are in Oakland but
noses. Your grandkids will ask about widely released in 3D in 2009. Around
spiritually, their home is more Silicon
this.' 100 UK cinemas are now kitted out with
Valley. Round the office are pool,
Pixar never sits still. When the firm ping-pong and air hockey tables. Most of suitable projecting equipment. For film
takes risks, they get big results . The them are in use, throughout the working studios, 3D is a good investment. Tickets
studio's 2008 film had been Wall -E, an day. Grown men whizz down corridors to 3D cinemas are expensive and their
odd love story about a garbage-eating on skateboards and scooters. Ask a films are almost impossible to pirate. But
ro bot. The film 's hero communicated in guide why, and he'll shrug his shoulders Pixar used the technology to add to Up 's
bleeps and clicks. Its script contained a nd simply say: ' Because they 're narrative, creating a 'depth script ' that
barely a word of dialogue. On paper, creative.' What they mean is that Pixar is varied the levels of contrast in the 3D
it sho uld never have worked . Instead , a professional playground for happy, according to the storyline. 'Carl, our
line 3~
 Unit 3 It's an illusion

main character, goes on an emotional the depth, and make everything very thinking - and the effect it has had on
journey,' said Bob Whitehill, the man shallow. Then when he lifts off to go on other major studios, who are putting a
responsible. 'When he's a boy, his life is the adventure, things deepen again.' lot of money into their own 3D titles
very rich and full, so 3D in that section 'In the future,' Whitehill says, 'every ensures that right now, the locatio n
is pretty deep. When he loses his wife, Pixar film will be made in three where Silicon Valley meets Hollywood is
his life is claustrophobic, so we reduce dimensions.' That pioneering way of an exciting place to be.

5 Read the article again carefully. For 4 What does 'it' in line 38 refer to?
questions 1-8, choose the answer (A, B, C A the hero
or D) which you think fits best according B the dialogue
to the text.
C the film
D Pixar
i Help 5 What is good about the working
'
environment at Pixar?
• Read the article first for an overall A It was designed by the people who
understanding. work there themselves.
• Then underline important words in the B It suits the type of people who work
questions or stems. there.
• The questions are in the same order as the C It encourages workers to take breaks
information in the text. Find the part of the text from their work.
where the question is focused . Read it aga in
D It is available for employees' families
with the question in mind .
to enjoy too.
• Eliminate those options which are clearly
6 What does Pete Docter think about film
wrong. Decide on the best answer. If you are
making?
not sure, choose one. Marks are not deducted
for incorrect answers. A The need for financial success can
restrict creativity.
B Filmmakers should sometimes listen
1 What do we learn about the main more to children's ideas.
character in the first paragraph? C Statistics about films do not always
A He was not a very pleasant person. tell the truth.
B He had a lot of money. D More money should be given to
C He was easy to design . encourage new talent.
D He changed a little over the years. 7 Why is 3D important to the film 'Up!'?
2 What does the writer say about Pixar A People are interested in new
and Disney? technology and will see the film for
this reason.
A They have both had a big impact on
audiences but at different times. B It shows that Pixar is ahead of their
competitors in this field.
B They have both had financial
problems. C The visual techniques help the
development of the story.
C They both have a tradition of
producing films very quickly. D Many cinemas today need 3D films
to pay for their investment in
D They are both technically ahead of
equipment.
any other company.
8 In the last paragraph the writer suggests
3 The film Wall-E is mentioned to show
that in the future Pixar might
A that a good script is necessary for a
A go in a new direction.
successful film.
B move location.
B that films about robots will always be
successful. C develop new technology.
C that Pixar does not always choose D have more competition.
safe options.
D that Pixar has a lot of money to
6 0noses.'
'This is living history, right under our
Can we say this about anything
invest in the business. today?
Unit 3 It 's an illusion

Language focus: Present simple and continuous

1 Look at these examples from the listening 3 Explain the difference in the use of tenses
and reading practice in this unit. in these pairs of sentences.
Underline the examples of the present
1 a He always plays music in his room in the
simple. Circle the examples of the present evemng.
continuous.
1 Pixar never sits still.
b He's always playing music in his room in
the evening.
2 The major studios are putting a lot ofmoney 2 a I can' t talk at the moment because I'm
into their own 3D titles. driving.
3 Pixar makes cartoons that both children and b I'm driving to work these days because
adults adore. the railway station is closed for repairs.
4 There's something in the newspapers about all 3 a Dave gets to Level4 on this computer
the eating disorders young kids are suffiring game every time!
from today.
b Computer games are getting more and
5 People are always moaning about something! more difficult.
6 And it's getting worse!
7 Carl, our main characte~ goes on an Read more about present simple and
emotional journey. continuous in the Grammar Reference.

2 Underline the correct word in italics. Then 4 Underline the correct option in italics.
match each use a-g to sentences 1-7 in 1 They sell/ are selling some really cheap
exercise 1. It is possible to match two handbags at the market in town. I think
sentences with one use. they might have been stolen from that
robbery at the airport.
a The present simple/ continuous is used with
always to talk about a repeated event that 2 It's not a permanent job. I only workj 'm
annoys us. only working there to get some experience.
b The present simple/ continuous is used to 3 I'm sorry. I don't understand/ am not
talk about something that is always true, a understanding what you say/you're saying.
fact. 4 We don't usually takejaren 'tusually taking
c The present simple/ continuous is used to photos when we're on holiday.
talk about something that is in progress 5 The number of polar bears in the Arctic
now. goes/ is going down.
d The present simple/ continuous is used to 6 It's a real pain! Adverts always pop up/ are
talk about a situation that is in the process always popping up on my screen when I'm in
of changing. the middle of working.
e The present simple/ continuous is used to
talk about a temporary situation.
f The present simple/ continuous is used to
talk about regular action, often with a
frequency adverb.
g The present simple/ continuous to is used
to describe events in a story.

FCE Listening Part 1: Multiple choice

@ 1.13- 1.28 You will hear people talking in eight different situations. For questions
1-8, choose the best answer (A, B or C).

• You will hear eight short extracts. These are either monologues or conversations.
• Before each extract is played, you will hear the question and three options. Underline the
important words in the questions as you listen to them being read out.
• You will hear distractors. Always listen carefully both times to the whole extract before
you decide which option to choose.
 Unit 3 It's an illusion

1 You hear a man talking on a radio 5 You h ear part of a TV review

phone-in about a quiz programme he programme. What is the reviewer's
saw on TV. Why is he phoning? opinion of the first episode of the new
A He thinks the topic is not good for series?
the quiz. A It made a good impression.
B He doesn' t enjoy this quiz show. B It was disappointing.
c He disagrees with a few answers. c It showed promise.
2 You overhear two friends talking about 6 You hear Dave phoning his friend Greta.
a film they've just seen. What sort of Why is he phoning her?
film was it? A to invite her to a live concert
A a horror film B to make travel arrangements
B an action film c to check whether she's going to see
c a comedy film the new film
3 You hear someone leaving a voicemail 7 You hear a newscaster talking about an
message. What does he want to do? art exhibition at a local gallery. Why
A change an arrangement won't one painting be in the exhibition?
B ask for some advice A It might be a fake.
c make a complaint B It has been stolen.
4 You hear two mothers talking about c It wasn' t allowed out of the USA.
their children's birthday parties. What 8 You hear a writer talking about her
did the magician do at both parties? work. What does she feel about writing?
A card tricks A It is lonely.
B an animal trick B It is unpredictable.
c an egg trick c It is tiring.
FCE Speaking Part 3: Collaborative task

10 Would you like to work in the film industry? Why/Why not?

20 Here are some jobs in the film industry. Talk to each other about the good and bad
points of doing these different jobs and then decide which two jobs would be the most scriptwriter
difficult for someone with little training.
Before you do the exercise, read the information in the Help box on page 128.

• What are the good and bad points of doing these different jobs?
• Which two jobs would be most difficult to do with little training?

director

carnerarnan
Unit 3 It 's an illusion

Useful FCE Speaking Part 4: Further discussion

language
1 0 In the Part 4 speaking test the examiner will ask you some questions related to the
topic you talked about in Part 3.
Make suggestions:
Le 's start with Work in pairs. Take turns to answer the questions. Add a comment to your partner's
S~ Jll we move on to ... answer.
Wt> o ught to think
about ... • In Part 4 the examiner will ask you and your partner questions in turns. Sometimes if one student has spoken
As k for your less than the other during the rest of the speaking test he or she may be asked more Part 4 questions.
pa rtner's opinion/ • The examiner may ask you and your partner the same question .
reaction: • If you have an opinion about a question which your partner has been asked or want to comment on his/
What do you think her opinion, you can.
ab Jut ... ? • When you reply to a Part 4 question try to say more than one sentence. Give your opinion and reason if
Dcn't yo u think .. . ? you can .
H ew abou t you?
Agree/ disagree with 1 Do you think that films in 3D will become more and more popular in the
your partner: future? Why/ Why not?
I completel y agree. 2 Many people prefer seeing films at the cinema to watching them on DVD. Why do you
Th l t's true. think this is?
Yo1. 've got a point. 3 How important do you think it is to have age limits for watching some films? Why?
4 Some people say it's better for film makers to show us more of the real world than invent f
new ones. How far do you agree?
5 Do you think films that cost a lot of money to make are usually better films than those
that cost less? Why/ Why not?
6 What do you think are the disadvantages of being a famous film star?

FCE Writing Part 2: Reviews

1 0 Work in pairs. Discuss these questions.
1 Have you seen a new TV drama programme recently? What did you like/ not like about it?
2 Do you usually read reviews for films or TV programmes? Why/ Why not?
3 What was the last review you read? Was it good/ bad? Did you agree with it?
4 What do you expect to read about in a short film or TV drama review?
2 a Read these comments from reviews. Then write down an example of a film or drama
they could be describing. e.g. 1 Seven Years in Tibet.
1 The leading r ole is played by Brad Pitt and he gives an excellent perfo rmance.
2 The direction is very imaginative.
3 The special effects are stunning.
4 The stunts are electrifying.
5 The storyline is simple but moving.
6 If you liked the previous film then this sequ el will be disappointing.
7 It's a light hearted look at society today.
8 The pace is frenetic.
9 The plot is quite complex and confusing.
10 The final scene is really gripping.
b 0 Compare your examples with those of your partner.
3 Read this short review of a TV drama series at the top of page 39. Then find information
about 1-5 below.
1 the plot 2 the actors 3 the setting 4 the special effects 5 the writer's opinion
 Unit 3 It's an illusion

MerLLV\.,
Do !jOIA Wze TV ser~es tV!at are ex.c.~H~~~-g CIVI-c;{ c;{rC!VlA.C!Hc., set~~~~- a V!~stor~wL
-per~oc;{ b~At w~tV! a vert! VlA.oc;{erV~- ~~~~-teryretat~oV~-? TV!e111- 'MerL~111-' ~s c;{e-fi-~~~-~teL!j
for !jOIA. It's a woV~-c;{erf~AL 111-ew ser~es wV!~c.V! ~s baser;{ 0111- tV!e Lege111-c;{s of K~~~~-g
ArtV!~Ar b~At wr~tte111- to a-p-pwL to Cl 21.st c.eV~-t~ArtJ Cl~Ac;{~e~~~-c.e .

TV!e ser~es teLLs tV!e stor!j of MerL~~~~- tV!e w~zarc;{ CIVI-c;{ K~111-g ArtV!~Ar wV!eV~­
tV!e!j were botV! tJWV~-g . 5ac.V! weeR- tV!e!j V!ave a 111-ew ac;{veV~-t~Are, ofteV~­
fi-gV!HV~-g VlA.Clg~c.aL VlA.OV~-sters . TV!e -pLots are es-pec.~aLL!j c.Lever CIVI-c;{ br~111-g ~~~~­
c.V!a rac.ters froVlA. tV!e oLe;{ Lege111-c;{s ~~~~- 111-ew s~t~AC!HoV~-s .
'PLC!tj~~~~-g tV!e roLes of tV!e tJO~AVI-g fr~e~~~-c;{s are V~-ewc.oVlA.ers B.rac;{LetJ_)C!VlA.es
CIVI-c;{ C-oL~~~~- MorgC!111-, wV!ose ac.t~~~~-g ~s s~A-perb. TV!e ser~es ~s aLso v~s~AC!LL!j
st~AVI-111-~111-g . It was fl-LV1A.ec;{ 0111- LowHo111- ~~~~-a s-pec.tClc.~ALC!r Fre111-c.V! c.astLe C!V~-c;{
tV!e weLsV! forests, Cllll-c;{ tV!ere Ls aLso ex.c.eLLe111-t ~Ase of s-pec.LaL effec.ts to c.reate
tV!e VlA.OV~-sters .
I was reaLLtj LV1A.-pressec;{ btj tV!e fi-rst few e-pLsoc;{es of tV!Ls serLes . It's
weLL ac.tec;{, c.LeverL!j wrLtte111- Cllll-c;{ c;{Lrec.tec;{, Cllll-c;{ VlA.ClgLc.aLLtj ac;{c;{Lc.Hvel 1
g~AClrC!V~-tee tV!at Lf tJO~A watc.V! 0111-e e-pLsoc;{e, tJO~A'LL watc.V! tV!e rest

4 Match each sentence beginning 1-5 to an ending a-e. The completed sentences all contain
phrases from the review.
1 It is based a location in Egypt.
2 It is set b by the special effects.
3 It appeals c on a true story.
4 I was impressed d to a younger audience.
5 It was filmed on e in the USA in the last century.
5 Sentences 1-4 describe the purpose of each paragraph in the review. Put the paragraphs
into the correct order.
1 The writer sums up his opinion and says whether he thinks other people will enjoy it.
2 We are told the name of the series and generally what it's about.
3 We learn about some aspects of the series that the writer particularly liked.
4 We learn some details about the characters and the plot.

6 You recently saw an episode of a TV series. A local weekly newspaper wants to publish a
review in its next edition and has asked you to write it. In your review tell readers what the
episode was about and say what you liked or didn' t like about it. Mention whether you
would recommend watching the series.
Write your answer in 120-180 words in an appropriate style.

• Underline key words in the question to ensure you include all the points in your answer.
• Plan your review well and divide it into clear paragraphs . See exercise 5 above.
• Write in a style which is appropriate to the target reader: e.g. informal for readers of a school
magazine, neutral or formal for readers of a newspaper
• You could begin your review with a question to attract your readers' attention, e.g. Do you like
TV series that are exciting and dramatic?
• Use conjunctions such as but, because and so to link ideas.
• Relative pronouns can also be used.
Playing the roles ofyoung friends are newcomers Bradley james and Colin Morgan, whose acting is superb.
• See page 144 for more information on writing reviews.
 Language focus Vocabulary
Complete each gap in these short dialogues Underline the correct word in italics.
with a modal verb and the correct form of
1 I often can't sayj makej tell the difference
the verb in brackets.
between a genuine designer shirt and a
1 A: Do yo u think Rex invited Helen to the fake.
party?
2 The man on the phone madejgavejtook
B: He ............ ... her because she was telling out that he was from the government.
everyone about it this morning! But I realised straight away that he
(invite) wasn' t.
2 A: Jack ............. .. at work because his car's 3 The student was sent out of the room
still outside his house. (be) for faking/imitating/cheating in the exam.
B: He ............... in bed! I know he was out 4 Don'tgivejtakej have offence but I think
late last night and his curtains are still you're a bit old for that concert!
closed. (be) 5 She's had bending/crooked/ curved teeth
3 A: You ....... ........ much time on this work since she was a child.
Rose. It's terrible. (spend) 6 The old lady was taken out/over/ in by the
B: You' re right. I did it really quickly. co mpetition scam and she lost a lot of
4 A: I'm going to check my messages. I'm money.
meeting Ted later and he .............. . 7 I would never take the danger/risk/worry
while I was in class. (phone) of driving a car without full insurance.
B: I don't think so. He's been in a lecture 8 The adverts promise that this cream will
for the last two hours. give you a straightj slimj clear complexion.
5 A: You ........... .... Spanish really well. You
lived in Spain for five years didn't you?
(speak)
B: Yes, but I've forgotten it all now.

Use of English Part 2: Open doze

For questions 1-12, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap.
Use only one word in each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0).

Where's the magic?

The fascination with magic usually (O) . !?..~.~;J;.N..?.. early. I remember (1) ............... amazed by
a magician for the first time at a friend's birthday party when I was six. I just (2) ............... not
understand how he (3) ..... ......... . to find a coin behind my right ear! I was even (4) .... .......... .
surprised when a rabbit appeared on the table in front of me. It (5) .. ............ . certainly not been
there before!
As an adult I continue to be amazed even though I know it's all an illusion. Rabbits
(6) ............... not simply appear from nowhere and magicians (7) ............... been fooling us for
centuries. It's a shame really. The magic is slow ly disappearing from our lives. People are
(8) ......... ...... telling me to grow up but I still get taken in by street magicians! I'm the person
standing there shouting confidently, 'It (9) ............... be under that cup!' And of course I'm
always wrong and it (10) ............... is! Scientists tell us that it's all misdirection and the
magician (11) ............... us look in the wrong place, but I like (12) ............... think that there's
still a bit of real magic left in the world for child ren like the six-year-old me to find.

40
 Review

Use of English Part 1: Multiple-choice doze

--------------------------~

For questions 1-12, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, Cor D) best fits
each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0).
Anew look?
Most of us take it for (0) ............... that as we get older our bodies will show the signs of
ageing. (1) ............... complexions become wrinkled and (2) ............... hair starts to thin.
However, many people today do not accept that this is inevitable and look for ways to halt or
delay the different signs. Some get excited (3) ............... expensive skin creams or injections
that ( 4) ............ ... wrinkles to disappear and lips to look fuller. Others (5) ............... for
expensive surgery to change their (6) ................ But with the increase in people looking for
surgical answers comes an increase in those ready to (7) ............... advantage of this need.
When looking for a reputable surgeon you need to be on your (8) ................ Hundreds of
people have been conned (9) ............... of a lot of money or had operations that (10) .............. .
badly wrong. We've all seen the documentaries and read the articles over the last few years. So
don' t (11) ............... for unrealistic promises but make sure you (12) ............... out the
organisation you plan to use. There is a lot of choice out there, so if you're really determined
to go ahead then do some research and find the best person to do the job.
0 A account B granted c normal D seen
1 A Plain B Flat c Smooth D Soft
2 A thick B long C heavy D broad
3 A for B on c about D of
4 A cause B let c do D make
5 A choose B take c select D go
6 A attitude B looking c appearance D form
7 A have B make c get D take
8 A safety B guard c protection D care
9 A from B off c up D out
10 A fell B went c made D resulted
llA fall B go c take D look
12 A look B check c search D find

Writing practice: Informal email

1 You have heard about a computer or phone scam. Write an email to your friend to warn
him or her about it. Include the following points:
• What the scam is
• How you know about it
• What to do if he encounters it
Write 120-150 words.
2 You have recently seen a film that you really enjoyed. Write an email to your friend to tell
him or her about it. Include the following points:
• When and where you saw the film
• General information about the film
• The good points
• A recommendation
Write 120-150 words.
Speaking: Holidays FCE Reading Part 3: Multiple
matching
1 0 Which of the following types of
holiday have you been on? Tell your 1 Apart from clothes and other essential
partner, giving details. items, what things do you usually take
with you when you go on holiday? Give
package coach adventure details.
camping skiing working sailing
Example:
Would you like to go on any of those you I always take three or four books in case it rains
haven' t yet experienced? Why/ Why not? and we can't go anywhere. They 're nearly always
crime novels because ...
2 You are going to read a magazine article
about parents of young children and what
they take on holiday with them. For
questions 1-15, choose from the parents
(A-E). The parents may be chosen more
than once. When more than one answer is
required, these may be given in any order.

2 0 Discuss these questions with your

partner.
Where do you usually spend your summer
holiday?
Do you p refer going on holiday with your
family or your friends? Why?
Do you enjoy, or think you would enjoy,
going to seaside holiday resorts? Which
one(s)?
If you could afford your very own holiday
home, where wo uld yo u buy it? Why?
What did you do on the last public
holiday? Did you go away?

Which parents
do not allow their children to do certain activities when travelling.
are generally pleased at their children's growing desire for independence. 2
have children who grow tired of each other's company on holiday. 3
have avoided one problem but created another. 4
accept that they are sometimes overcautious. 5
think well in advance about what to take for their children. 6
have experience of their children being unwell as the result of an activity. 7
keep something secret from their children until it is needed. 8
have disp layed examples of their children's handiwork for others to look a t. 9
are amused by the results of their children's activities. 10
keep their children busy at specific times so that they can both relax. 11 1
have no objections to the repetitive nature of a particular activity. 1 12 1 I
have not needed to make use of something they always take on holiday. 113 1 I
take things on holiday for their children which are deliberately inexpensive. 1141 11 ,5 1
 Unit 4 Going away

A Robbie and Trudi Jones that, we always enjoy looking at their photos
When we go away we always take a first aid kit, when we get back home. My wife and I have a
with all the usual children 's medicines and private laugh when we see the images of headless
plasters and so on . Amazingly, we've never once people or little girls' fingers, but our da.ughters are
had to get it out on holiday, but I bet that if we proud of their efforts and that's the mam thmg.
didn ' t take it, the kids would fall ill and we 'd D Helen and Tom Wright
regret not having it with us . It 's the same with When we are on holiday, we always have what
their clothes. We always pack something for we call 'hush moments ', usually after lunch or
every type of weather and they end up wearing whenever our three young children get
the same three or four t-shirts all fortnight overexcited. They have to stop
because, despite our fears to the contrary, it rushing around and do
doesn ' t rain or snow or blow a gale. I guess for something quietly. We have a
some things we're guilty of worrying a little too special bag reserved for their
much about what might go wrong. Maybe we things and we start packing it
should relax a bit more. After all , that's what as much as a fortnight or so
holidays are all about. before we leave. It's important
B Ta nya and Steve Simpson to get that right because if
We usually spend our summer holiday camping they're occupied it means we
in the south of France, so the main challenge for can get a bit of peace and quiet
us is keeping the and maybe even sleep or read.
children Books are at the top of the list,
entertained fo llowed by felt-tip pens and
during the long crayons. They' ll happily sit
journey down. together drawing and colouring in for over an
Reading is not hour before they get tired of it. And they
an option sometimes create souvenirs: we still have
because it pictures of mountains and castles on our kitchen
makes them wall that they did in Spain last year. Everyone
feel sick, as who sees them comments on them .
we 've learnt to E Gerry and Hanna h Naylor
our cost in the past! And we Our two boys generally get on quite well, but
don ' t believe in letting them watch videos or after a few days on holiday, they get fed up with
play with game consoles when we go away, being together all the time and tempers are often
especially not when there are so many more lost. So we always make a point just before we
interesting things to see out of the window. So go of buying a few new toys and games to take
we always take loads of CDs of music and stories with us. They give us a chance to calm
with us. The children have their favourites of things down at moments of high
course, and we often have to listen to the same tension and help restore the peace
ones again and again, but it 's a small price to between them. We don' t tell the boys
pay and we don't mind it. In fact, we rather we've bought these things, so it comes
enjoy the stories, so it's really not a problem . as a pleasant surprise for them when
C Dale and Paula Lam bert we suddenly produce them. That's
My wife and I are interested in photography and part of the trick, of course. The other
we own expensive camera equipment. Our young thing is that because these disputes
daughters have now reached an age where they are quite frequent when we're away,
increasingly want to do things for themselves, we only buy fairly cheap things -
which we both think is great, of course. But for a otherwise we couldn ' t afford to
while they kept asking us to let them take their have a holiday!
own photos with our cameras. We did sometimes,
but to prevent costly accidents we now buy them
each a low-cost disposable camera before we go 3 0 Where did you u se to g o on holiday as
a young ch ild?
on holiday. We don't have to worry about them
being dropped or broken and the girls have
How did you spend your time there?
stopped asking to use our cameras. The only
thing now is that when we're in the car, ~hey keep What types of thin gs did you tak e with
wanting us to stop to take photos every five you?
minutes, which can be very irritating. Having said
Unit 4 Going away

Language focus: 2 Match each of the answers in exercise 1 to

one of the explanations below.
Gerunds and infinitives e.g. 0 worrying;. b a gerund after a
preposition
1 a Sentences 1-8 below are taken from the go: han infinitive without to after a
reading on page 43. Without referring to modal verb
the text, complete each gap using one of A gerund is used:
the following forms of the verb in brackets:
a as th e subject, object or complement of
a) the gerund: e.g. finding a clause or sentence.
b) the infinitive with to: e.g. to find The main challenge for us is keeping the
c) the infinitive without to: e.g. find children entertained.
e.g. We 're guilty of ..':'!.Q.~!.ij~.~.0 ... (worry) a little b after prepositions.
too much about what might ..gP... (go) wrong. (A) They get fed up with being together.
1 If we didn' t take it ... we'd regret c after certain verbs .
.. .. ............. (not have) it with us. (A)
Paul suggested staying in a campsite.
2 ..................... (read) is not an option. (B)
An infinitive with to is used:
3 We don' t believe in .................... (let) them
...... .............. . (watch) videos. (B) d to say why you do something
4 .. ................... (prevent) costly accidents we We went to York to see the cathedral.
now buy them each a low-cost disposable e after certain adjectives
camera. (C) It's lovely to seeyou again.
5 We always enjoy ..................... (look) at f after certain nouns
their photos when we get back home. (C) I admire her ability to keep calm.
6 It's important ..................... (get) that g after certain verbs
right. (D)
They want to do things for themselves.
7 They give us a chance ........ ...... ....... (calm)
things down at moments of high tension An infinitive without to is used:
and help ............ ......... (restore) the peace. (E) h after modal verbs
8 ... otherwise we couldn' t .................... . It means we can get a bit ofpeace and quiet.
(afford) ..................... (have) a holiday. (E) i after help, let; make, would rather; had better
b Check your answers in the relevant I 'd rather go on holiday with my friends.
sections of the reading text as indicated by
the letter in the brackets. Read more about gerunds and
infinitives in the Grammar Reference.
3 Two of the sentences 1-10 below are grammatically correct. The others each contain one
mistake. Find the mistakes and correct them. There is an example at the beginning (0).

Top ten tips: staying safe in the sun

to foLLow
0 Failure .following the advice below can result in serious damage to you r skin.
1 Always use a high-factor sun cream for protect your skin.
2 Apply sun cream to your skin at least 30 minutes before go to the beach or poo l.
3 80% of ultraviolet radiation can pass through clouds, so you still need put on sun cream
on cloudy days .
4 Avoid to go out in the sun between 12 noon and 3pm.
S Never sunbathe for more than 30 minutes at a time and do not let your skin to burn.
6 Remember to take water with you when travelling- and don 't forget drinking it!
7 You should avoid alcohol , tea, coffee and fizzy drinks as they dehydrate you.
8 Choose light-coloured , loose-fitting clothing and get used to wear a hat.
9 It is essentia l to wear sunglasses that block ultraviolet rays.
10 Spend time on sunbeds can be just as dangerous as overexposure to the s un, a nd
should be avoided.

4 0 Which of the above advice do you normally follow? Do you disagree with any of it?
44
 Unit 4 Going away

Vocabulary: Travel
1 For sentences 1-8, complete the gaps with two of the answers A-D.
Example:
When we used to take the caravan to Wales, my dad would .... 0r.~Y.~........ and my mum used to
.Y.\-0.V.Lg?J.t;(.. Now she doesn't need to, because we've got a satnav.
A navigate B ride C pilot D drive
1 Charlie watched as Lucy's plane ..................... along the runway, ..................... and
disappeared into the cloudless sky.
A landed B took off C taxied D touched down
2 I can ..................... to London on Friday - I'm going there for the day. And when you come
back on Sunday, phone me from the train and I'll ..................... at the station.
A see you off B drop you off C pick you up D give you a lift
3 I'm going to have a ..................... when I'm on holiday, but I also want to ..................... myself.
A relax B enjoy C unwind D rest
4 Tim's just called from the airport; his flight's been ..................... by three hours so he hasn't
..................... the plane yet.
A delayed B booked C boarded D cancelled
5 I spent the holiday weekend in Dublin. My brother ..................... me up for two nights and
I ..................... at Jane's house on Sunday.
A lived B put C accommodated D stayed
6 We ..................... for a few days at Easter to Scotland. We started off in Aberdeen and then
..................... to Inverness.
A went on B went out C went away D went back
7 To get to Camden Town, take the Piccadilly line from Heathrow airport, .................... .
trains at Leicester Square and ..................... on the Northern Line.
A catch B get C change D m1ss
8 Cerys and Jim have just got back from their ..................... to California. When they were
there, they went on a ..................... of all the movie stars' homes in Beverly Hills.
A travel B journey C tour D trip
2 a Write five gapped sentences, each testing one of the unused options in exercise 1.
Example:
Amelia Earhart was the first woman to ..................... a plane across the Atlantic Ocean.
(pilot)
b Give your sentences to your partner, who will try to complete the gaps.

FCE Speaking Part 3: Collaborative task

0 Work in pairs. Look at the pictures on these two pages. They show ways of getting
around on a safari holiday. First talk to each other about the advantages and disadvantages
of using the different forms of travel for watching animals. Then decide which two would be
best for getting around on a safari.

• When talking about the advantages and disadvantages of each form of travel, consider the following areas.
possible effect on animals user's ability to see anima ls personal safety speed comfort
• Use modal verbs to speculate about these areas.
e.g. The noise of the engine might scare the animals.
• Use language of comparisons when deciding on the best three forms of trave l
e.g. You wouldn 't be able to see as many animals from an elephant because it's slower than a horse.
• Read again the Help box on page 128.
Unit 4 Going away

FCE Use of English Part 2: Open doze

1 In Part 2 of the Use of English paper there is a text with 12 gaps to be filled. Here are some
examples of the types of words which are tested in Part 2. Most are grammatical, though
some are part of vocabulary items, such as phrasal verbs or set phrases.

Complete each gap with one word. 6 Auxiliary verbs: This is the worst
1 Phrasal verbs: I'm much fitter now snow we ................ had for a long time.
that I've given ................ smoking. 7 Negatives: The hotel staff were rude
2 Prepositions: Rosie had spent all her and ................ at all helpful.
pocket money ................ sweets. 8 Articles: It was ................ first time
3 Pronouns: I can't drink coffee because Lionel had been to Paris.
...... .......... gives me a headache. 9 Determiners: Then add the herbs and
4 Relative pronouns: We only employ a ................ salt to the mixture.
people ................ have some experience. 10 Set phrases: We would like to wish
5 Conjunctions: I wore my coat ............... . Harry ................ the best in his new job.
it was cold when I got up this morning.

2 Read the text below, ignoring the gaps, and answer these questions.
What was the ' mistake' mentioned in the title? What caused it?
What did th e victim of the error have to do?

An expensive mistake
A holidaymaker (0) W..t:tP.. booked a three-week holiday ended (1) ............ 1,300 miles away
from her chosen destination after her travel agent mixed up her flights. Samantha Lazzaris
booked a trip (2) ............ a lifetime to Costa Rica, in Central America, but found herself in the
US territory of Puerto Rico. Miss Lazzaris did not realise she was in Puerto Rico (3) ........... .
she got into a taxi and the driver told her she was in the wrong country. "I asked the taxi
driver to take me to the hotel I (4) ............ pre-booked. He looked (5) ............ amazement at
me, then he laughed and said, 'This is not Costa Rica. It's Puerto Rico'. I was in shock. I
looked around (6) ............ airport, saw posters of Puerto Rico everywhere, and thought: What
am I going to do?"
(7) ............ a result of the mix-up, Miss Lazzaris had to spend £800 on three extra flights to
get (8) ........... . her intended destination, losing four days of her holiday. (9) ............ seems the
travel agent had used the booking code for SanJuan, capital of Puerto Rico, (10) ............ of
the code for San Jose, capital of Costa Rica. The airport codes are similar to each (11) ............ :
SJO for San Jose and SJU for the airport in SanJuan. A spokesman for the travel agent
promised it (12) ............ fully investigate the complaint as soon as possible.
3 Read the text again and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use only one word in
each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0).

• Read the whole sentence carefully before you decide which word to put in a gap.
Adverbs such as very, quite, rather; fairly seem to fit into the following gap.
We enjoyed the holiday, but sometimes it was ........ .... windy by the seaside .. .
However, when you read to the end ofthe sentence, you see that the answer is so.
We enjoyed the holiday, but sometimes it was ~ windy by the seaside that we could hardly walk.

4 Match the answers in exercise 3 to the categories in exercise 1.

Example:
0 who - relative pronoun

5 0 Have you or anyone you know been the victim of a mistake on holiday?
What happened?

46
 Unit 4 Going away

FCE Listening Part 2: Sentence completion

1 0 You are going to hear part of a radio programme about 'food miles'.

What do you think 'food miles' are?

2 (!} 1.29 Listen to the recording and for questions 1-10,
complete the sentences.

• You may hear distractors, information which could fit the gap but does
not answer the question .
For questions 2, 7 and 9 in this particular task, you will hear more than one
mention of a percentage, a month and a figure in millions. Listen carefully to
ensure you choose the right one for each.
• Read the Help box on page 11 in u nit 1.

Food miles
Mark Mitchell says that food miles measure how far food travels from 'field to
I 11 I'.
The UK imports I I 2 Iper cent of its fruit.
Some consumers are worried that food transported by air is contributing to rising
I 13 1.
Some UK supermarkets put a sticker with a picture ofl I 4 Ion food imported
by air.
'Locavores' are people who buy I I 5 Ifruit and vegetables if they can.
Critics of the concept of food miles say it is too '-1_ _ _ __ _ _l'-6_,1 and does not help
shoppers.
From the month of I I 7 Iit is more environmentally-friendly to import apples
from New Zealand toL...,th'e----;--,U'""K;-.---__J_-'---'
As well as food miles, we need to consider the time of year food travels and the
I lsi used.
There are I I 9 Imillion Africans working in the business of supplying fruit and
vegetables to the UK.
Kenyan farming methods do not include the use of I l1o l or chemical
fertilizers for growing green beans.

3 0 Consumers are used to having a wide choice and eating fruit and vegetables when
they are out of season. Do you think this is a good thing? Why/Why not?

Word formation: Prefixes

1 Write the correct negative form of the adjectives in brackets to complete these extracts
from the recording.
a Some experts now say that the whole idea of food miles is too simplistic and therefore
........................... (helpful) to environmentally conscious consumers.
b ' Environmentally ....................... .... (friendly),' say some. 'Not at all,' say others.
c The concept of food miles, then, is not wrong; it is simply ............................ (complete)
2 Make each adjective negative using an appropriate prefix from the box.
I un- m- dis- 1m- 1r- il-
1 honest 2 lucky 3 legal 4 practical 5 correct 6 rational
3 Now do the exercise on page 128.

47
Un it 4 Going away

FCE Speaking Part 2: FCE Reading Part 2:

Talking about photos Gapped text

1 0 Look at photographs 1 and 2. They

show places where people live.
1 0 You are going to read an extract from
an autobiography in which West Indian
Student A: Compare the photographs and author and actress Floella Benjamin writes
say what you think it would be like to live about her childhood experiences in the
and work in places like these. late 1950s and early 1960s. Read the base
text only (the main text with the gaps) and
Student B: When your partner has
answer the following questions.
finished, answer the following question.
Where would you prefer to live? How was the writer personally affected by
the wave of emigration to Britain in the
1960s? How did she feel about what
Always try to use a good range of vocabulary and structures in the happened?
FCE Speaking paper.
Structures: The language of comparisons and modal verbs of
speculation and deduction will be useful in Part 2.
Vocabulary: Use your dictionary to help you match the words
below to photographs 1- 4 on these pages. You may use some
words more than once and others not at all.
exciting inhospitable overcrowded appealing bleak
bustling dreary unhurried dull vibrant
pleasant stressful monotonous relaxed depressing

What would it be like to live and work in

places like these?

Coming to England
There was always talk of someone who had left
the island, who had gone to England to be met
with open arms. Fantastic stories of how life was
wonderful and much money could be made, of
how the islanders were wanted and needed to
help Britain build herself up again in the years
after the war, and how people could better
themselves overnight. The streets were said to
be paved with gold.
Life was far from unbearable in Trinidad but
2 many people were tempted by these stories and
couldn't resist the opportunity. I 1 I I As
children we didn' t take much notice of all this
talk. It was almost like the stories Dardie* had
made up for us.
I2 I I While in bed one night, Sandra and I
overheard Dardie telling Marmie * that he
wanted to go and make a new life in England.
He was frustrated by not being able to play jazz,
the music he had heard so much about but got
so little opportunity to play because the music in
ilinidad was calypso, Latin and steel pan. A
friend who had settled in England had written
2 Now change roles. Look at the and told him he would not only get a chance to
photographs on page 49 and follow the play jazz but also to make lots of money.
instructions above.
The discussion went on into the night and over
the next weeks newspapers advertising jobs and
boat journeys to Britain were left around the
48
 Unit 4 Going away

2 Seven sentences have been removed from

the extract. Choose from the sentences
A- H the one which fits each gap (1-7).
There is one extra sentence which you do
not need to use.
house. Some nights, in bed, I could hear Marmie
crying, saying she would never leave us.
I 3 I I I started to have nightmares of being
left alone, falling with no one to catch me.
I told not a soul of my dreams and anxieties - if • First predict the type of information that could
I did, then perhaps they would come true and I go in each gap.
didn't want them to. I 4 I I But the talk of • Then read the missing sentences and decide
going to England never stopped.
where each one should go. Underlin e any words
Then finally it was decided that all eight of us which help you make your choices.
couldn 't go at once, so Dardie would go first and
send for us later. I was so relieved that Marmie • When you have finished, read through the
wasn ' t going to leave us too. comp leted text to ensure that it makes se nse.
Check that the extra se ntence does not fit into any
I was sad to see Dardie go. rl-s--rl-'1 Life hadn't of the gaps.
changed much as Marmie was still with us,
things were almost back to normal, no more
constant talk of going to England. A I cried a little when he left, but was soon
But then the unthinkable happened. Marmie back to my old self
started asking family and friends if they would B Marmie was pleased at the news, but
look after us, because she was going to join also slightly nervous about what the
Dardie in England without us. 6I I IShe had future might hold.
said she would never leave us.
C I felt so reassured by those words; they
I wished night after night that it wouldn't were my only comfort during those
happen. I thought my wish had come true when restless nights.
none of my family would take us - they all had D They were not only unskilled workers;
too many children. Grandparents usually took artists, writers, musicians also made the
care of the children when parents left for a new decision to leave their tropical island
I I
world. 7 I home.
Unexpectedly, two of our godparents said they E I was devastated: she was going to break
would take us. We couldn't stay together her promise.
though. Lester and Ellington would stay south in
F So I kept silent, pretended I didn' t know
San Fernando, Sandra and I would go north to
what was going on.
Tunapuna. The lucky two were Cynthia and
Junior, the two youngest, who would go with G But that was not to be the case with us
Marmie to England. This was the day when a - we had none.
veil of unhappiness came down on my life. H But all of a sudden the stories got very
• Dardie and Mannie: the words the author uses close to home.
for her father and mother 3 0 Discuss the following questions.
What difficulties do you think people faced
when emigrating from tropical islands in
the West Indies to Britain in the early
1960s?
Would you like to live and work in a
different country? Why/ Why not?

49
LI.J-!JP it 4 Going away

Vocabulary: Verb collocations

1 In the following extr.a cts from the reading text and missing sentences on page 49,
complete the gaps w1th the correct form of a word from the box. You will need to use two
of the verbs more than once.

I break come get keep make take

1 Artists, writers, musicians also the decision to leave their tro pical isla nd ho m e.
000000000000 0000 00

2 As children we didn' t much notice of all this talk.

0000000000 00 000000

3 It was almos t like the stories Dardie had up for us. 000000000000000000

4 A friend told him he wo uld no t o nly

0000 a chance to play jazz but also to
o o o o o o o o o o oo oooooo

lo ts o f money.
000000000000000000

5 So I silent, pretended I di d n ' t know wha t was going o n.

000000000000000000

6 I was devasta ted : sh e was going to h er promise. 0000 00 0000 000000 00

7 I tho ught my wish had true when n o n e of my family wo uld take us.
000000000000000000

8 Grandparents usually care of the children when parents left for a new world.
000000000000000000

Check your answers in the text.

2 Express the meaning of the colloca tions in exercise 1 in your own words where possible.
Example:
1 make the decision to= d ecided to 2 take much notice of= pay m uch attention to
Now do the exercises o n page 129.

FCE Writing Part 1: Letter

1 Read the following Part 1 task and answer these questions:
• Is Ia n Webster's letter written in a form al or informal style?
• Wha t features o f th e language tell yo u th is? Give examples.
• What style wo uld you use fo r yo ur reply to Ian Webster? Why?
Yo u are helping to o rganise a visit to a college in an English-speaking co untry fo r a gro up of
students. Read t he letter fro m Ian Webster, the College Director, and th e n otes you have
m ade. Then write a letter to Mr Webster u sing all your no tes.

We are delighted you have chosen to come to our college t o study

English in August.
Accommodation is usually with English-speaking families . I hope you
are happy with this arrangement.
~econd Monday of your visit is a public holiday. Some of our
yes, bee-Cl~Ase
00

• teachers will be available to give classes, although you might like to

have the day free to do as you wish. Could you tell me which option
you would prefer?
~l students take a level test when they arrive, but it would help me to
SClt:j wV!Lc,Vi Clll'vci wVit:j know in advance what the general level of your students is.
If you require any further information, please do not hesita~TelL /V\r Webster
----------~
Yours sincerely
Ian Webster A sR V!LVVI.. Clbo~At 00.

2 Work in pairs. Discuss how you could develop the notes when you reply to Ian Webster.
e.g. yes, bew~Ase .. . ~ It will mean that we can p ractise more English and also 000

3 Read the example answer opposite. Does Ana mention any of the ideas you discussed in 2?

50
 Unit 4 Going away

Decw Mr Webster,
TV1Clvd~ ijOlA. for ijOlA.r retell'vt Letter. F~rst of ClLL, 1wwLol L~\ze to SClij we Clre verij
-pLeClseol to be stClij~ll'vg w~tl-1 fClw..~Lijs, bewClse tV1~s w~LL g~ve lA.S w..ore C-Vl Cl ll'vte to
LeClrll'v ClbolA.t tV1e food Clll'vo! C-lA.StlA.w..s of ijOlA.r C-OlA.II'vtrij Clll'vo! -prClc,t~se OlA.r 511'vgL~sV1 . lll'v
Clll'vswer to ijOlA.r qlA.est~oll'v ClbolA.t OlA.r LeveL, we Clre ClLL tCl\ze~ll'vg tV1 e F ~rst ce rH~c,Clte
e.x:Clw..~ll'vClholl'v ~ll'vjlA.II've Clll'vo! Clre toll'v~o!ell'vte of-pClss~ll'vg .
w~tl-1 regClrol to tV1e -plA.bL~c, V1oL~o!Clij, we ClLL Clgree tV1Clt we wolA.Lol -preffer to V1ClVe
w..ore free t~w..e . As tV1 e V1oL~o! Cl tJ c,o w..es ~ w..eo! ~ Cl te Lij Clfter Cl wee Rell'vo!, we w~LL
-probClbLtJ tClRe tV1e o-portlA.II'v~tij to orgCll!'v~se Cl tr~-p to Clll'votV1er -pClrt of tV1e C-WII'vtrij .
F ~ll'vClLLij, we wolA.Lol be ~ ll'vtre steo! to Rll'vOW w V1etV1 er tJW offer Cl -p rog rClw..e of
evell'v~ll'vg Cld~v~t~es, s~ll'vte we Clre \zeell'v to soc,~ClL~se w~tl-1 otV1er stlA.olell'vts Clfter
Lessol!'vs.
I LooR forwClro! to V1eClr~ll'vg frow.. tJW ·
yolA.rs s~ll'vtereLij,
A ll'vCl Cres-po

4 a Ana does not begin answering the four points in the notes immediately. What does sh e
d o first? H ow d oes sh e end h er letter?
b Which words o r expression s d oes Ana use to introduce each of the four points m entioned
in the n o tes.
e.g. y es, betCllA.se .. . --+ First ofall .. .
c W hich words d oes An a use to avoid rep eating 'because' in the second paragraph?
d Ana's reply h as ten sp elling mistakes. Find the mistakes a nd cor rect them. There are five
in each of the two m ain pa ragraphs.

5 An swer t h e fo llowing Part 1 task .

Yo u a re helping to o rganise a visit fo r a group of British teenagers who are coming to your
area. Read the letter fro m M rs Cummings, the lead er of the group, and the notes you h ave
mad e. T h en write a letter to M rs Cummings u sing all you r n o tes.

SCl tJ wV, ~c,V, Clll'vo! WVlij TeLL Mrs ClA.VIA.VIA.~I!'vgs

~We are not sue whether to travel by coach or tcain from the airport to our hotEl Which de
you think is etter?
• Plan how you will answer
and develop each of the four
notes.
We unders nd that our visit coincides with the Festival of Arts and Culture. Could you • Organise your ideas into
possibly t ll me something about it? logical paragraphs.
Many of our students have expressed a wish to see a sporting event during their stay. Is • Write in a fo rmal style.
there anything that you would recommend?
We are very much looking forward to our it. If there is anything else you would like to • Begin and end your letter
know, please do not hesitate to ask. in a suitable way.

Yours smcerely, ~ • Use appropriate words

and expressions to introduce
Amanda Cummmgs
---~-_.:.,~~ the points in the notes.
e.g.
Asiz Mrs ClA.VtA.VIA.~II'vgs ClbolA.t . . . SlA.ggest ... First ofall I Secondly I Finally
With regard to ...
Write your letter in 120-150 words. You must use grammatically correct sentences As far as ... is concerned
with accurate spelling and punctuation in a style appropriate for the situation.
In answer to your question about ..

• Check your spelling.

 Use of English Part 3: Word formation

For questions 1- 10, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of
the lmes to form a word that fits in the gap in the same line. There is an example at the
beginning (0).

Remember

• Read the who le text through first.

• Decide what part of speech (noun, adjective, adverb or verb) is required.
• Check whether you need a negative or a plural form.
• Read the who le sentence before deciding on your answer.
• Check your spe ll ing.

Brighton
It is no (0) ..f?.XA.YG.f?.&AT.lQ.f:':L to say that Brighton is one of the most EXAGGERATE
delightful, exciting and (1) .................... seaside cities in Britain. Its ORDINARY
temperate climate, (2) .................... regency architecture, cosmopolitan A'!TRACT
atmosphere and vibrant nightlife give this resort its unique character
and charm and make it one of the country's prime holiday destinations.
Situated on the coast (3) .................... south of London, this one-time DIRECT
fishing village offers its eight million annual (4) .................... a variety VISIT
of ( 5) .................... , with its theatres and concert halls, pubs and clubs, ENTERTAIN
amusement parks and arcades, and a wide (6) .................... of restaurants CHOOSE
and cafes. Brighton is also an excellent place for shopping, and a trip to
the city would be (7) .................... without a stroll around the narrow, COMPLETE
historic streets known as 'The Lanes', where the numerous independent
shops tempt you with antiques, clothes, gifts, and items of (8) .................... . JEWEL
Also not to be missed is the Royal Pavilion, King George IV's former
seaside (9) .................... with its Indian domes and minarets, and lavish RESIDENT
Chinese interiors. And if you are too tired for a walk along the seafront
or out to sea on the pier, then have a ride on the Volk's Electric Railway,
which will (10) .................... you to sit back and admire some fine regency ABLE
buildings as you travel along the beach to the impressive Brighton Marina.

Vocabulary
Underline th e correct alternative in italics.
1 Could you keep a look/ an eye/ a care/ a search on my bag for me? I'm just going to the toilet.
2 It came withj likej toj as no surprise to hear that Bob had resigned - he wasn' t happy in his job.
3 In this week's programme, we take a nearj strongjclosej large look at the issue of food miles.
4 I can' t understand what you've written here - it doesn't make understanding/logic/ reason/ sense.
5 The Cold War camej reachedj gotj arrived to an end in the late 1980s and early 1990s.
6 I don' t often get an occasion/ an ability/ a chance/ an option to play tennis these days .
7 I haven't been able to come/ get/ speak/ make in touch with Lina. I've tried phoning, emailing
and texting her, but without any luck.
8 Make checkj safej surej confident you lock the door when you leave the house.

52
 Review

Language focus
Complete each gap with the correct form of the verb in brackets.
Amsterdam
There is no city I enjoy (1) .. ............... (visit) more than Amsterdam. If you ever get the chance
(2) ................. (go), don't hesitate (3) ....... .......... (do) so!
There are some great parks and fascinating museums, and even if you don't normally like
(4) ................ . (look) at paintings, I'd still recommend you (5) ................. (go) to the Van Gogh
museum. It's well worth (6) ................. (see) and you'd be sorry (7) ................. (miss) it. If you
want to avoid (8) ................. (have) to wait for hours in a long queue, don't forget (9) ................ .
(buy) your tickets on the internet before (10) ................. (leave) home.
(11) ................. (travel) within the city is easy. If you'd rather (12) ................. (not walk), the best
way (13) ................. (get) around is by bike. Everywhere is flat so it's easy (14) ................. (cycle).
But I couldn't (15) ... ....... ....... (imagine) anyone (16) ...... ....... .... (go) to Amsterdam without
(17) ................. (have) a ride on a canal boat. They're clean, dry and comfortable and they
enable you (18) ................. (get) the best views of the beautiful buildings which line the canals.
If you feel like (19) ................. (get) out of the city, then why not take the train and bus to
Keukenhof (20) .... ....... ...... (see) the tulips? Go in April and May, when the flowers are in full
bloom. It's an experience you won' t forget!

Phrasal verbs revision

For 1-4, complete each gap with the 4 break grow let look (x 2)
correct form of one of the four verbs. When I (think about a time in the past)
The resulting phrasal verb should have ................. back, it's not difficult to
the same meaning as the definition in understand why I felt so (disappointed)
brackets. ................. down by my father. All the time I
1 give end set come was (going from childhood to adulthood)
Sue (thought of) .... ............. up with the idea ................. up I (admired and respected)
for her new business when she was working ................. up to him, he was my role model.
in a bank. She (stopped doing) ................. up Then, when I was 21, he was imprisoned for
her job there and (started) ................. up her (entering by force) ................. into a shop.
own company. Unfortunately, things didn't
go according to plan and she (finished by)
................. up having to ask for her old job
FCE Writing Part 2
back.
Write an answer to one of these questions
2 touch see take drop in 120-180 words in an appropriate style. Help
Alan told Emily he didn' t have time to park 1 You have seen this notice in an
the car and go into the airport to (say international magazine. • For information on
goodbye) ................. her off, so he just (took
these writing types,
to a place without getting out of the car) Competition
look again at the
................. her off outside and drove away. Write an article about your favourite town following units.
When the plane (left the ground) ............... .. or city, explaining to our readers why yo u
off, Emily began to cry quietly and when it like it so much . Articles: Unit 2
(landed) ....... ....... ... down two hours later, page 27. See also
The best article will be published in next the two texts on
her eyes were still red.
month's magazine. Brighton and
3 fall talk make (x 2) take
2 You have seen this announcement on an Amsterdam above .
My brother Tom's always (inventing)
international travel website. Reviews: Unit 3
........... ...... up stories and telling lies.
page 38
Yesterday he (pretended) .......... ....... out he Reviews wanted!
was ill and nearly managed to (persuade)
.... ........ ..... my mum into keeping him off Write us a review of a campsite you have
school for the day. She was completely been to anywhere in the world. Describe
(fooled) .......... ....... in! My dad didn' t both the good and the bad features of the
(believe) ................. for it, though - he made campsite and say why you did or did not
Tom get out of bed and drove him to enjoy staying there.
school himself.
 FCE Speaking Part 2: Talking about photos

1 0 Look at photographs 1 and 2. They show young

people together. Useful language
-- Student A: Compare the photographs and say why you
think one of the people in each photograph is unhappy.
Student B: When your partner has finished, answer the
• Use modal verbs to speculate
about what happened to make the
following question. person unhappy.
They might/ could/ may have had an
Which person do you think will be unhappy longer? argument.

Why do you think one of the people in each • Avoid repetition of unhappy by
photograph is unhappy? using alternatives.
She is sad/ miserable/ fed up/upset/
in a bad mood/ feeling down .
She is feeling sorry for herself.

, -~- -- Help

The question for student B is

always different to the question
in the main task. Your answer
should not be too long. It is not
another one-minute talk. On the
other hand, it should not just be
a one word answer. Try to give
one or two sentences.

2 0 Now change roles and look at photographs 3

different places.
& 4. They show groups of people in

Student A: Compare the photographs and say why one of the people in each photograph is
not doing the same as the other people.
Student B: When your partner has finished, answer the following question.

Do you prefer to be on your own or with a group of people?

Why is one of the people in each photograph not doing the same as the other people?

54
 Unit 5 Fitting in

3 0 What advice would you give to the young people who made the following statements?
'I don' t enjoy going to parties because I n ever know what to say to people.'
'I'm a bit nervous because I'm changing to a different school and I won' t know anyone th ere.'
'I'm going abroad to study and I'll be staying with a family. I'm worried because I don' t speak
their language very we ll.'
'I live with my parents in the city, but we're moving soon to a ho use in th e countryside. How
will I make friends?'

FCE Listening Part 3: Multiple matching

1 (f) 1.30-1.34 You will hear five different people talking about experiences they have
had settling in to a new situation. For questions 1-5, choose from the list (A-F) what each
speaker says. Use the letters only once. There is one extra letter which you do not need to
use.

A All the time I was there I didn 't make any friends.
Speaker 1 DIJ
B I regretted my decision to ignore people's advice. Speaker 2 Oil
c Some people laughed at the way I spoke. Speaker 3 Oil
D It was a long time before I felt accepted by the others. Speaker 4 CEl
E A recent experience has made me consider leaving.
Speaker 5 DIJ
F I wasn't looking forward to the new situatio n.

2 0 Have you been in any situations similar to those of the speakers? Tell your partner
about them and say how you felt.

Vocabulary: Phrasal verbs

1 Work in pairs. Look at the listening script on page 154 and use the context to help you
guess the meanings of the phrasal verbs in bold.
e.g. I felt I was being left out - in this context it probably means she felt ignored, not included
in the group
2 Check your ideas in the Phrasal verbs list on pages 158-159.
3 Record the phrasal verbs in your notebook. Include:
• the definition
• o riginal example sentence with en o ugh context to illustrate the m eaning
e.g. leave someone/ something out= to not include someone or something
1 feLt 1 we~s be~V~-g Left otA.t .. .. TV!eij wotA.Lcl e~LL go wt for C! clr~V~-R e~fter worR., btA.t tV\eij'cl
V~-ever e~s.R. VIAe ~f 1 we~ V~-tecl to go.
4 Write four sentences, each including one of the phrasal verbs you recorded in exercise 3.
Leave a gap where the phrasal verbs should be. Your sentences should contain enough
information to illustrate the meanings of the phrasal verbs.
e.g. We've invited Emily to the party, so we have to ask her brother to come, too - it wouldn 't be fair to
.............. him ............. .

5 0 Show your sentences from exercise 4 to another student, who will tell you what your
phrasal verbs are.

55
Unit 5 Fitting in

Language focus: Time 3 In each sentence there is one mistake in

the use of time linkers or tenses. Correct
linkers with past tenses the mistakes.
1 Not long time after I started at this
1 Complete each gap in these extracts from school I made lots of new friends.
the listening with a word from the box. 2 It wasn't until I have been studying
The word should be the same as the one English for about three years that I
used by the speaker. The first one has been began to feel comfortable speaking it.
done for you. 3 I watched a little bit of television before
after <tt at before by eventually of leaving the house this morning.
for for for soon until wh en 4 I wasn' t paying very much attention
whenever while whenever I was reading the Grammar
reference just now.
Speaker 1 5 As soon as I was getting up this morning
1 I often laugh about it now, but .. ...0.~..... I had a shower.
the time it was quite hurtful. 6 I spoke to one of my friends during over
2 They'd all been working together half an hour on my mobile yesterday.
..... ........ years. 7 Last night I lay awake for more than an
3 .. ........... someone had a birthday, they hour after that I went to bed.
would all go out for a drink after work.
4 It wasn' t ...... ....... I'd been in the job
about nine months that I began
~~ · f~·~·i·like I was one of the crowd.
Speaker 2
5 ........ ..... my dad got promotion, we had
to move to a different part of the
country.
6 It wasn't long ... .......... I'd settled in,
though.
7 the end of the first week I'd got
i·~·;i·~i~ a group oflads from my class.
Speaker 3
8 .. ... .... .... first it used to get me down.
Speaker4
9 I stuck with it .. ........... a while, but I left 8 I wasn't sure what to do last Saturday
............. , not long ............. my mum and evening: at first I thought about going
dad had bought the uniform. to the cinema, but at last I deCided to
Speaker 5 stay at home and play on the computer.
10 Almost as ............. as I'd moved in, I
made a really good group of friends. 4 0 Work in pairs. Discuss how true the
sentences in exercise 3 are for you.
11 ... .......... I was sleeping upstairs, someone
broke into my cottage.
Check your answers in the listening script
FCE Writing Part 2: Story
on page 154. 1 Read the following Part 2 question and
2 Identify the tenses or forms of the verbs in the two example answers. Which do y~u
think would receive a higher mark? Gtve
exercise 1.
reasons for your opinion.
e.g. 1 I often laugh - . present simple;
it was - past stmple Your English teacher has asked you to write
a story for the college magazme.
0 Read more about time linkers in the
Grammar Reference.
The story must begin with the following
words:
I will never forget my first day in .. .
Write your story in 120-180 words.

56
 Unit 5 Fitting in

a It we1s. V~A.t:J f-vs.t ~Clt:J Clt V~A.t:J pv~V~A.ClYt:J s.c~ooL. 1we1s. s.eve~~~, t:JWYS. oL~ . 1
~~~~~~,'t R,~~~,ow ClV\,t:JOV\,e. 1we1s. vevt:J s.Cl~ . 1we1s. e1Lo~~~,e- ~~~,obo~t:J te1LR.e~ to
V~A.e . Mt:J tee1c~ev we1s. oL~ e1111,~ s.~e s.~o~Ate~ e1 Lot.

1w~LL ~~~,evev fovget V~A.t:J f-vs.t ~Cl t:J ~~~~, t~e cLCls.s. . A bot) s.Clt ~~~,ex.t to V~A.e .
He cv~e~ e1 Lot. 1WClV\,te~ to CYt:J· l'!;~At 1 ~~~~~~,'t. 1fovgot to S.Clt:J t~e vws.o~~~,
1 ~~~~~~,'t R,~~~,ow ClV\,t:JOV\,e: we V~A.ove~ C1111,~ e1LL V~A.t:J fv~e~~~,~s. we~~~,t to e1
~~ffeve~~~,t s.c~ooL. T~Clt's. t~e veCls.o~~~,. It's. ClV~A.Clz~~~~,g - I w~~~, veV~A.eV~A.bev t~e
coLo~Av of t~e c~Cl~vs., t:jeLLow, ClV\,~ t~e ~oor, ve~. ALs.o, 1w~LL ~~~,evev fovget
~e t~~~~~,g we e1te e1t s.c~ooL o~~~, V~A.t:J f-vs.t ~Clt:J . we e1te s.o~Ap- V~A.Clt:Jbe
vegete1bLe s.o~Ap - ClV\,~ c~~cR,e~~~, . 1 veV~A.eV~A.bev becCl~As.e 1 L~R.e c~~cR,e~~~,. It's.
VlA.t:) fClVOIAY~te V~A.eClL Cl111,~ I WClS. Cl b~ ~Clpp~ev 011\, t~Clt fl-vs.t ~Clt:J . LCltev I
V~A.Cl~e s.oV~A.e fv~e~~~,~s. ClV\,~ t~~~~~,gs. weve bettev.

b I wdl never foYJet my first day in Ireland on a school exchal1je trip.

I'd heen lookil1j forward to jOlHJ for a lonj time. My exchanje
partner; Liam, had stayed at my house a few months hefore and
we'djOt on really well wdh each other.
When I arrived at the airporl, thoujh, thinjs didn't jO acconlinj
to plan. Liam and his parents weren't there to pick me up because
they'd heen involved in a caY accident that mornil1j. It wasn't
serious hut I ended up spendt.Hj the rest ofthe day wdh Liam's
uncle, while they were sorlt'nj everytht'nj out.
At first I thoujht it was jot'nj to he terrible. The uncle was very
shy and dun'nj the carjourney to his house we hardly spoke a
• Choose the setting for your
word It wasn't untd we jOt there that I found out he had his own story. Here are some examples
for your first day:
form, so I spent the afternoon ritlt.'l1j t'n his tractor; (eedt.Hj the
a new school a job
animals and even mdkil1j the cows. I had a wonderful time and a college or university
a team or organization
when Liam eventually came to collect me I dt.iln't want to leave! a foreign country a new house
• Plan your story, organizing your
ideas into logical paragraphs.
• suitable linking wo rds: e.g. when , Consider:
2 The ideas and events in a story should
be organized into logical paragraphs. though, because The background to the
events
What is the purpose of each of the Find examples of each of these
2 How the events develop
three paragraphs in answer B above features in example answer b above.
3 The outcome
3 A good story contains the following 4 Write your own answer to the • Write the story, including a
features question in exercise 1 in 120-180 variety of past tenses, a range of
words. Remember, this is a story, so it vocabulary and appropriate
• a variety of tenses: e.g. pas t simple, does not have to be true. linking words.
past continuo us, past perfect
• Check your answer for spelling
• a wide ran ge of vocabulary: e.g. and grammar mistakes.
collocatio ns, phrasal ve rbs

57
Unit 5 Fitting in

FCE Reading Part 1: Multiple choice

1 0 Imagine a member of a small tribe on an island in the Pacific Ocean came to visit your
country for the first time. What aspects of your society and its way oflife would he or she
find strangest and/ or most difficult to adapt to?

2 Read the text quite quickly. Were any of your ideas from exercise 1 mentioned?
Outsiders looking in
Guy Adams takes a look at an extraordinary social experiment.
It 's a bright morning in StJames's Park and a
stream of tourists approaches Buckingham
Palace. In the middle of the crowd walk five
very short, very unusual-looking men. They
5 carry camcorders, gesticulate wildly, and talk in
a language no one can understand . In the heart
of picture-postcard London, this group of
people stands out like a sore thumb.
Further investigation reveals that a film crew is
10 following the party, at a discreet distance. For
not so long ago, a British TV company invited a
small tribe cal led the Kastam , from the tiny
South Pacific island of Tanna, to send a
delegation to England, a country none of its
15 people had ever visited before. They spent a
month living here, learning the customs, and
making a film about the way the strange and three episodes of Meet the Natives the group
alien inhabitants of a modern western lives amongst the three great English tribes: the
democracy live. The five men walking up the 55 middle-class, upper-class and working-class .
20 Mall are this delegation. They spend a week on a Norfolk farm, a week
The three-part documentary called Meet the on a Manchester housing estate, and a week at
Natives marks a scientific first: for generations, Ch illingham Castle in Northumberland. 'We
western anthropologists have travelled to had four weeks to give them a sense of the
faraway lands to live among native tribes and 60 enormous diversity of England, and decided
25 document their way of life. But, until now, this was the best way to show them a snapshot
anthropology has always been a one-way of what was here,' says Will Anderson , the
street; alien cultures have never 'gone series producer.
native'over here. The project was an Most surprising is what Yapa, Joel , JJ, Posen
experiment in what one might call reverse 65 and Albi find either enjoyable, or shocking. In
30 anthropology. Manchester they were amazed by the
The five men, whose names are Yapa, Joel, JJ, phenomenon of homelessness (in Tanna, your
Posen and Albi, come from a small hillside family provides a home, whatever happens) ,
village on Tanna, which is the southern tip of but felt relatively at home in a nightclub, since
the archipelago that makes up the island nation 70 ritual dancing is an important part of their
35 of Vanuatu. At home, they live in mud huts, cu ltu re. They learnt to love fish and chips, but
and spend their time growing crops, looking were left cold by the hustle and bustle of city
after their animals and sitting contentedly in living. They are astonished at the amount of
the shade of the banyan tree. The burly-burly time Britons spend cleaning and washing up,
of central London cou ldn 't be more different. 75 which is regarded as a waste of time and effort.
40 For men who grew up in a place where the British culture, meanwhile, can also learn a
only form of currency is animals, and thing or two from watching Meet the Natives.
innovations like electricity, television and the The visitors from a village in the hills of Tanna
internal combustion engine never caught on, are also able to educate us in some of the
the land of skyscrapers and capitalism isn't just 80 things we may have got wrong. They are, for
45 another country. It might as well be another example, amazed at the fact we spend most of
planet. our lives working; they are also staggered by
In a strange way, however, Yapa, Joel , JJ, Posen the apparent breakdown of family life in
and Albi were ideally equipped to study our sections of our society. In one of the most
frenetic society: as the ultimate outsiders, their 85 instructive episodes of the documentary,
50 opinion of everything from household gadgets viewers see them on London Bridge during
to domestic relations and workplace rush hour, attempting to film pedestrians and
convention promised to be unique. Over the engage commuters in a conversation, with

53
 Unit 5 Fitting in

predictably unsuccessful results. This they project. 'But I've spent 18 years living with
90 thought was 'crazy': a rejection of the most them, and there's a lot we can learn. They are
important things in life, which they believe to 100 much more open-minded, and interested in the
be ' love, happiness, peace and respect'. big questions. In the West, we are obsessed by
'One of the problems of our modern world is little things. Our culture is all about how: to
that for too long we've regarded these cultures travel faster, to live longer, and make more
95 as a sort of exotic creature, thinking how money. Smart cultures are more about why.
primitive they are,' says anthropologist Kirk lOS They are more reflective. That's what they can
Huffman, who acted as a consultant to the teach us.'

3 Choose the answer (A, B, C or D) which you think fits best according to the text.
1 What do we learn about the visitors 5 The writer is surp rised by
from Tanna in the first paragraph? A the Kastam's mistrust of homeless
A They are not at all like the other people.
tourists. • In most cases in
B the Kastam's style of dancing.
FCE reading texts
B They are very excited to be visiting C how easily the Kastam find you should be able
London. somewhere to live. to guess the
C They would prefer to keep away from D how comfortable the Kastam felt in a meaning of words
other tourists. nightclub. you are unfamiliar
D They have problems communicating 6 The writer suggests we can learn from with.
with each other. the Kastam because In paragraph 4 use
2 What does the writer say in the third A they work harder than we do . the context to help
paragraph about Meet the Natives? you decide on the
B some of their moral values are better meaning of
A It questions the methods used by than ours.
western anthropologists. hurly-burly and
C they have more experience than us in caught on.
B It introduces a new area of some areas of life.
anthropology.
D they have more highly developed
C It aims to compare life under two communication skills than us.
political systems.
7 What does ' they' in line 89 refer to?
D It forms part of a series of films on
A the five visitors from Tanna
different western cultures.
B the pedestrians and commuters
3 In line 45, the writer says 'It might as
well be another planet' to highlight C the television viewers
A the enormous distance that separates D the television cameramen
England from Tanna. 8 What does Kirk Huffman say in the last
B the great lack of open spaces in paragraph about people like the
London compared to Tanna. Kastam?
C the high cost ofliving in London A They are unwilling to adopt a more
compared with that on Tanna. western lifestyle.
D the huge differences between life in B They have been undervalued by
England and life on Tanna. western cultures.
4 What does the writer say about the five C They pay a great deal of attention to
visitors from Tanna in paragraph 5? their appearance.
A They have no class system in Tanna. D They think more than we do before
taking action.
B They were surprised at the size of
England.
C They were the right people for the
p roject.
D They were reluctant to express their
optnwns.

4 0 Discuss the following in small groups. Give reasons for your opinions.
• In the penultimate paragraph the writer mentions some aspects of modern society that
'we may have got wrong'. Do you agree with this view? What, if anything, would you add to
the list of things he mentions in that paragraph?
• Kirk Huffman says that people in the West 'are obsessed by little things'. How true is that for
people in your country? And you?
Unit 5 Fitting in

Word formation: Nouns able/ generous appear/ perform

assist/ participate build/ meet
compete/ spectate cyclefscience
1 Write the appropriate noun form of the employ/ win predict/ reduce
words in brackets to complete these tired/ weak
extracts from the reading text on page 58
and 59. Check your answers in the text.
3 In each extract below there is one spelling
People mistake. Correct the mistakes.
1 A stream of..t.<?.~r.L~~~ .... (tour) a Over 900,000 signatures opposing the
approaches Buckingham Palace. proposal to reduce unemployment
2 ... a film about the way the strange and payments were handed over to a goverment
alien ..................... (inhabit) of a modern politician yesterday.
western democracy live. b With the growth of violence among
3 The .. ............. ...... (visit) from Tanna are youths in this neihgbourhood, many here
also able to educate us in some of the are concerned for their own safety.
things we may have got wrong. c The magician could not hide his
4 ...... ....... ........ (view) see them attempting disappointment and embarrassment at his
to engage ..................... (commute) in a failure to make himself disappear and he
conversation. clearly began to lose confidance in himself.
Other nouns d During his childhood
5 Further ..................... (investigate) reveals and adolescence he won
that a film crew is following the party, at many junior championships,
a discreet ..................... (distant). so his anouncement that
he was turning professional
6 a place where ..................... (innovate) like surprised no one .
..................... (electric) and television never
caught on. e Margaret had difficulty
getting used to retirement and missed the
7 In Manchester they were amazed by the
friendships she had formed as a librarian.
phenomenon of ..................... (homeless). Her presence was missed as well; the new
8 They were left cold by the hustle and arrival, Margaret's replacement, did not
bustle of city ..................... (live). have the same personal warmth and
unlimited patients.
2 a Record the singular form of the answers
from exercise 1 in your notebook. Place 4 Underline all the nouns in exercise 3 then
the words in columns with these suffixes write down the word from which each
as the titles for the columns. noun is formed.
-ist -ant -er -or -zan Sentence a: signatures - sign
proposal - propose unemployment- employ
-a nee -ity -ness -mg payments - pay government- govern
politician - politics
-ist -ant -er
5 Record the singular form of the nouns
tO[,{Y"~St ~vd·1C!b~tCII/\,t v~ewer from exercise 3 in your notebook. Place
the nouns in columns with these suffixes
as the titles for the columns.
b Add the noun forms of each pair of
words below to the correct column in your -ure -al -ment -ian
notebook. Use the same noun suffix for -th -ence -hood -ship
both words in each pair. Make any :Y
necessary spelling changes.
-ure -al -ment

-ist s~gi/\,Cit[,{re -pro-pose~ L [,{1/\,eV~-t-pLoi::J V~-tell\,t

to[,{r~st

C.i::JcL~st Now do exercises 1-3 on page 130.

sc.~ell\,t~st

6
 Unit 5 Fitting in

Vocabulary: Personality
1 For 1-8, underline the adjective in each group which is very different in meaning to the
other three. In each case say in what way it is different. Use a dictionary to help you.
Example:
cheerful .fimJ'_ enthusiastic lively
A ftA.SS!j -persoll\, ~s soV\,-\.eoV\,e wltlo worr~es too V\,-\.tA.Cl-1 ClbotA.t SV\,-1./ALL detet~Ls . Tltle otltler tltlree etre
etll -pos~hve etdjec ~ves descr~b~V\,g l-11A-p-p!j, R.eell\, or ell\,erge ~c -peo-ple.

1 friendly outgoing reserved sociable

2 patient grumpy moody bad-tempered
3 considerable responsible sensible reliable
4 tough brave adventurous sensitive
5 easy-gomg relaxed nervous even-tempered
6 confident tolerant decisive self-assured
7 kind canng thoughtful lazy
8 rude practical impolite bad-mannered
Useful language
2 Which of the adjectives in exercises 1 would you use to describe the
following people? Tell your partner, explaining your choices and • Use different structures to talk about
giving examples. the qualities needed.
yourself a parent or relative a friend You need/ have to be patient.
a character in a TV programme or a film
It's important/ essential to have a
cheerful nature.
Part 3: Collaborative task You should never lose your temper with
others.

0 Work in pairs. Here are some people whose jobs are in isolated
places. Talk to each other about the personal qualities people need to do
You can't afford to be fussy.
• Decide which adjectives you could use
these jobs and then decide which job would be the most difficult to do. to talk about the jobs in the
photographs.
o What personal qualities do people need to do these jobs? Think about those qualities you need
(e.g. patient) and those which would not
o Which job would be the most difficult to do?
be helpful (e.g. fussy).
• Give reasons for your opinions.
that's because ...
the (main) reason for this is ...
in order (not) to ...

Now do the FCE Speaking Part 4

on page 131.
Unit 5 Fitting in

FCE Listening Part 1: Multiple choice

7 You overhear a woman talking about her
1 @ 1.35-1.50 You will hear people husband.
talking in eight different situations. For What is her husband's job?
questions 1-8, choose the best answer (A,
B or C). A an army officer
B a prison officer
1 You hear a teenager talking to a friend
C a police officer
about becoming a firefighter.
What has prevented her from making an 8 You hear an extract from a radio play.
application? What is the man's relationship with the
teenage girl?
A her age
A He is her fath er.
• In each extract
B her eyesight
B He is her employer.
you will hear words C her height
C He is one of her teachers.
which relate 2 You hear a wildlife cameraman talking
to each option, A, B on the radio about his work.
a rd C. What aspect of his work does he Language focus: The future
• Listen carefu lly particularly enjoy?
bc.th times to the A the solitude Each of the highlighted sentences in the
who le extract B the danger listening script on pages 155-156 refers to
before you choose the future. Write each sentence below the
C the unpredictability
tl· e correct option. corresponding explanation 1-10.
3 You hear a woman talking about a
walking holiday she is going on soon e.g. 1 Will is used to make predictions and
with some friends. talk about expectations.
Why are they going without a guide? •• •1••0.1?.~~~ .t~~-~~. WL~ - ~~-0. :P.m.~.~~~' -· · ······ ·· · ·
A They will have more freedom to do 2 Will is used for events the speaker
what they want. knows or believes are certain to happen.
B They cannot find a guide for the
place they are going to. 3 The present simple is used after some
C They have had a bad experience with time linkers.
a guide in the past.
4 You hear a commercial fisherman being 4 May/ might/ could express uncertainty.
interviewed on the radio .
How does he feel about life at sea?
5 Should expresses probability.
A He often misses his family.
B He dislikes the lack of privacy.
6 Be likely to also expresses probability.
C He doesn' t get on with the crew.
5 You hear a British woman talking about
travelling to Mongolia. 7 Going to expresses intentions or plans.
What advice does she give to tourists
who visit Mongolia? 8 The present continuous is used for
A They should be tolerant of confirmed arrangements.
discomfort.
B They should avoid some of the local 9 The future continuous is used for
food. actions in progress at a certain time in
C They should take gifts for the nomads. the future and fixed plans.
6 You hear an elderly man talking about
retirement. 10 The future perfect continuous is used
How does he say he sometimes feels now for actions which continue up to, and
that he has retired? possibly beyond a certain time in the
future.
A isolated
B bad-tempered
C anXIOUS - Read more about expressing the future
in the Grammar Reference.

62
 · · ·· Unit 5 Fitting in L.
2 Circle the correct alternative in italics. 7 I'll learn/ be learning/have been learning
1 I'm probably about/going/thinking to English for three years by the end of this
spend a fortnight camping in France year.
next year. 8 I hopejexpectjwant that Steve goes to the
~ on Saturday.
2 Charlotte's not feeling too well, but she
shouldjhopej can be better in a few days. 3 Choose five of the sentences in exercise 2
3 I may well/ be/ try get in touch with Lucy and write new ones by changing the
this weekend. underlined sections. Your new sentences
4 Tom and I will play/be pla_ying,!are pla_ying should be true. You may also change the
tennis tomorrow afternoon. We've time expressions at the end of the
booked the court. sentences if necessary.
5 I'm going straight home as soon as this Example:
class will finish/ has finished/ is finishing. 1 I'VVl -probClbLtj go~vcg to -pLClt:J tevcvc~s w~tV1
6 My dad is certainly/possibly/ likely to get VVltj COUS~V'v OV'v SuvciilC-1 ij VVlOrvc~vcg.
angry ifi don't get home before
midnight tonight. 4 0 Work in pairs. Compare and discuss
your sentences from exercise 3.

FCE Writing Part 2: Letter of application

----------------------~----------~
1 Read the following Part 2 task. Which of
DeClr MrsjClVVlesovc
the jobs would you apply for? Why?
You have seen this advertisement in a local 1 V1Clve seevc !jOur CliilVertLseVVlevct ~vc tV1e LCltest ~ssue of '5vcgL~sV1
English language magazine. weeRLtj' Clvciil 1 ClVVl wr~Hvcg to C-1-p-pLtj for tV1ejob ClS Cl L~brClrt:J
Clss~stClvct ~vc !jOur vcew scV1ooL.
FREE LANGUAGE LESSONS! 1 ClVVl il? tjWrs oLiil ClvciilClbout to stClrt Cl uvc~vers~ttj iilegree course
EU Languages is opening a new school in this ~vc CterVVlClvc,ovce of tV1e LClvcguClges !jOur scV1ooLs vcorVVlClLLtj offer.
area . Work part-time for us this summer and
1 w~LL ClLso soovc be tClR~vcg tV1e CClVVlbr~iilge FC5 eXC-lVVl~vcC-ltlovc. As
we will give you free language lessons- and
the possibility of a longer contract. We have Cl resuLt of VVlij stuiil~es I V1ClVe Cl gooiil RvcowLeiilge of 5vcgL~sV1 Clvciil
the following vacancies: CterVVlClvc grCliileiil reCliilers, Clvciil ClVVl Cl Reevc rwiiler of vcoveLs ~vc botV1
• Receptionists LClvcguClges.
• Bar staff 1 ClLso s-pevct tV1e LClst tjWr worRLvcg tV1ree V1ours Cl weeR ~vc VVlij scV1 ooL
• Social events organisers L~brClrtj, soVVlet~VVles tClR~vcg cV1Clrge wV1evc tV1e L~brClr~Clvc WClS Clbsevct.
• Library assistants V\.S~vcg VVli:J coVVl-puter SR~LLs 1 V1eL-peiil V1er to VVlC-l~vctC-l~vc tV1e L~brClrtj
Write, in English please, to the director, Mrs iilCltClbClse Clvciil cCltClLogue vcew booRs.
Jameson, saying which job interests you and
why you would be suitable.
lvc Cliiliil~Hovc to VVlij RvcowLeiilge, ex.-per~evcce Clvciil evctV1us~ClSVVl for
booRs I V1Clve Cl -pClt~evct Clvciil fr~evciilLt:J vcClture, wV1~cV1 I tV1~vcR ~s
Write your letter of application. ~VVl-portClvct for L~brClrt:J worR, Clvciil 1 feeL 1 wouLiil be weLL su~teiil to Cl
job ~vc !jOur scV1ooL.
2 Read the letter of application opposite.
Do you think the writer would be suitable I LooR forwMiil to V1wr~vcg froVVl i:JOU .
for the job? Give reasons for your answer. yours sl,vccereLt:J
3 What is the purpose of each paragraph 5LevcCl CCl VVl"jOOS
in Elena's letter in exercise 2?
Example:
• Plan your letter and organise your ideas into paragraphs. Include
Paragraph 1: to say which job she is applyingfor relevant personal information , knowledge, experience and personal
qualities.
4 Underline words and phrases in Elena's
letter which might be useful when you • Begin and end your letter appropriately.
write a letter of application. • Write your letter in a consistently formal style.
• See page 148 for more information on writing letters of
5 Write a letter of application for one of the
application .
other jobs available in the new EU
Languages school, saying why you would
be suitable. Write 120-180 words.
 FCE Use of English Part 4: Transformations

For questions 1-~, complete th~ second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the
first sentence, usmg the word g1ven. Do not change the word given. You must use
between two and five words, including the word given.

1 John ate a big meal shortly before he

went swimming.
LONG
John went swimming
............................................ eaten a big meal.
2 I had to discover who the murderer was
before I could put my book down.
UNTIL
I could not put my book down
....................... ..................... out who the
murderer was.
3 You will be met by one of our tour
guides immediately on your arrival at
Vocabulary
the airport.
1 Complete the compound adjectives so
SOON
that they have a similar meaning to the
One of our tour guides will meet you word in brackets. The first letter has been
......... ............................. at the airport. given to you.
4 United probably won't beat City on 1 He's such a bad-m ................... ... (rude)
Saturday. child - h e never says 'please' or 'thank
UNLIKELY you'.
United is ............................................ 2 They're like chalk and cheese: Lina is
against City on Saturday. very shy, whereas her sister is extremely
5 The government lost the election self-a...................... (confident).
because it had completely failed to 3 Helen never gets angry or upset - she's
reduce unemployment. so even-t ...................... (calm).
ITS 4 Paul is very open-m ....... .............. .
The government lost the election (tolerant) and wouldn' t criticize anyone
because of ........................................... . for their religious beliefs.
reduce unemployment. 5 Our last teacher was very strict - the new
6 Alan was so disappointed by his exam one is so much more easy-g ..................... .
marks. (relaxed).
SUCH 6 Don't go near Mike on a Monday
morning - he's always bad-t ............ ....... .. .
Alan's exam marks ....................................... . (easily annoyed) then.
to him.
7 The hotel will send you confirmation of 2 Write the opposite of each of the
your reservation after you have paid the following adjectives. In each group of
deposit. three, one adjective requires a different
FOLLOWING prefix or suffix to the other two. The first
one has been done for you.
The hotel will send you confirmation of
your reservation ................. ... ..................... . 1 enthusiastic adventurous decisive
th e deposit. IA.V\,ell\,tVJIA.S~C!St~c IA.V\,C!dVell\,tiA.rOIA.S
8 Paul's interest in music began when he ~11\,dec~s~ve
was a child in Liverpool. 2 sociable responsible reliable
DURING 3 friendly patient polite
Paul's interest in music began 4 thoughtful tolerant sensitive
.................................. ......... in Liverpool.
5 kind canng practical

64
 Review

Phrasal verbs rev1s1on

1 Match each sentence beginning 1-8 with an appropriate ending a-h.

1 We had to move because we couldn' t put a in with a group of boys from the other side of town.
2 Jo and I used to be friends but we don't get b on with each other very well now.
3 Darren was arrested not long after he got c on with this work after I've had a cup of coffee.
4 I'll be waiting at the station. I'm so looking d up with the noise from the neighbours any more.
5 Charlene wore her ring to school to show it e up with a name for it yet, though. Any ideas?
6 I can't concentrate very well now. I'll carry f up to is my grandfath er. He's a role model to me.
7 Jim's formed a rock band. He hasn' t come g off to everyone. I pretended I wasn't interested.
8 I think the person I most admire and look h forward to seeing you again after all this time.

2 Study the sentences for two minutes. Then cover up the endings a-hand look at the
beginnings 1-8. How many of the endings can you remember?

Language focus
Complete each gap with an appropriate form of the verb in brackets. There may be more
than one possible answer.

a FCE Writing Part 2

I (1) .............................. (go) into town with
my mum to get some shoes this afternoon. Write an answer to one of these questions
I hope it (2) ................. .... ......... (not take) too in 120-180 words in an appropriate style.
long - Colleen (3) .............................. (come) 1 You have decided to enter a sh ort story
round at seven and I want to do a few competition in an international magazine.
things before she ( 4) .............................. (get) The competition rules say that the story
here. must begin with the following words.
b When I walked out of my house1 I saw an Useful
unusual-looking man running towards me.
Claire: Where (5) .............................. (we/ go) language
on Saturday? Any ideas what we can do? Write your story.
Paul: Sorry Claire but I (6) ............................. . 2 You see this notice on your school • The article requires
(stay) at home and work on Saturday. My notice board. you to describe the
exams (7) .............................. (start) on relative; you could
Monday so I (8) .............................. (revise) all MY FAVOURITE RELATIVE also include a brief
weekend. description of the
Write us an article about a favourite relative ' unusual-looking
Claire: Alright then. I (9) ........... .................. . of yours . Include a brief description of the
(phone) Tony later and see if he wants to do man' in the story. See
relative and say why he or she is so special to page 31 in Unit 3 for
anything. you. some vocabulary to
Paul: Don't call him between eight and ten We wil l include the most interesti ng articles describe appearance.
- he (10) .............................. (watch) the in the school magazine.
football then. • See page 61 in this
c unit for some
Write your article. vocabulary to
I'm just about (11) ................. ............. (start) describe the
packing for our holiday. We're planning on
personality of your
(12) .............................. (set off) at about five relative in the article.
on Sunday morning. There isn't likely
(13) ........... ................... (be) much traffic
around at that time so we
(14) .............................. (probably/ get) to the
coast by midday. I (15) ............................. .
(give) you a ring when we
(16) .. ............................ (get) to the hotel, if
you like.

65
 a
Vocabulary 1: Expressing your opinion

1 0 These photographs show people expressing th eir opinions in different ways. With a
partner, discuss how they are doing this.

2 Read the instant messaging conversation below, ignoring the gaps, and answer these
questions.
Which picture does the conversation relate to?

What concerns does Beth have about this method of expressing an opinion?

Dave says:

What did you think of the protest march last Saturday through central London? I thought it went
(0) .. P .f.f. .... really well. It was very peaceful. I really admire people who take (1) ...... ....... . in
this way, actually doing something that gets noticed rather than just (2) .............. about things
all the time . It's a great way to get your point (3) ..... ... .. . .. . and make yourself heard . Some
people have never been on any ( 4) .... .... ..... . or marches in their life, which I think is a great
shame.
Beth says:

Yeah, may be. I suppose if yo u feel (5) .... ... ..... .. about something, you need to show it in some
way. But, you know, I th ink sometimes things go too (6) ..... ......... on these marches . The one
last weekend was peaceful but t hey can cause a lot of (7) .. ... .. ..... . .. Shops have to close, traffic
is diverted, and someti mes people get quite violent. And real ly, I 'm in two (8) .............. about
whether they can ever achieve anything. Do politicians actually listen or do they just think ' Oh no,
not another protest!'

3 a Complete each gap with one of the words in the box. There is an example at the
beginning (0).

action demonstrations disruption minds

across off far strongly complaining I

b 0 Do you agree or disagree with Dave and Beth's opinions? Why?

Do you feel strongly about anything which is in the news at the moment?

FCE Reading Part 3: Multiple matching

1 0 Have you done, or would you ever do any of a- g below. Why/ Why not?
a go on a protest march e go on a TV debate sh ow
b sign a petition f take part in a sit-in
c post a comment on a website g take part in a flashmob protest
d go on strike
2 Texts A - D are extracts from people's blogs about different protests. Read the texts quickly
to see which of the activities in exercise 1 are mentioned.
3 Now read the texts again. For questions 1-15, choose from the people (A-D ). The people
may be chosen more than once.

66
 Unit 6 A matter of opinion

Which person m entions

not having a clear understanding of an event that relied on technology not being able to participate as fully
why the protest happened I 1 I I for its organisation? I6 I I as he/ sh e had wanted? 111 I I
accidentally becoming part of a th e possible effect of an event on bad weather at the time of an event?
group? -"-
2 --'-I_
Ll _.J peop le's travelling plans? I' - -7- -I' - - - - ' 112 1
not achieving the desired result? a rather frightening situation? attending an event with familr
I3 I 1,-s---.--1-----., members? Ll1
_3_lL.____,
people's concern about a global an event that became more ordered the unintended release of secret
problem? _4 _._1_ __.
.
I _
as it continued? I'------'-------'
9 I information? LI1'--4'--LI_ _J

not having strong opinions about a way forward that was acceptable to being prompted by nostalgia?
the protest he/ she was involved in? both sides in the dispute? 110 I I )"-11-5--rl----,
I5 I I
Mike c Sara
When I was at un iversity I experienced a flashmob I was only a teenager at the t ime but I remember
protest and it 's something I shall never forget! What being really angry. My brothers and I had often pla yed
amazed me was the speed at which everything in the woods as kids and when they announced that
happened. One moment I was sitting quietly read ing a they were going to cut all the trees down to make way
book on the steps outs ide the main Arts building. Then for a new stretch of motorway it upset a lot of people
I got a text message on my mobile saying that a really with good memories of th e place, including me. I
unpopular politician was about to arrive at the main suppose, looking back, it was qu ite idealistic but th e
entrance - which was at the Arts build ing - and local people really believed that they could stop the
everyone should get there as fast as possible. The road being bu ilt. For weeks people camped in the
result was that students started r unning from all woods so that they couldn 't cut down the trees. Some
directions and within seconds I was surrounded by people even built tree houses and stayed in them!
hundreds and hundreds of people. I couldn't tell you Luckily the weather held up . I don't think they'd ha ve
where they all came from! It was incredible that one been there long if it had been rain ing all the time. I
message could bring people together so quickly. thought this was all fantastic . I used to go down every
Obvious ly the un iversity had been trying to keep this day after school to take soup and coffee to the peo pl e
particu lar v isit qu iet but the news had leaked out and there and I really wanted to stay in one of the tree
we had an instant protest! I must admit it was quite houses. But my mum said she drew the line at that
scary. Everyone was pushing and shouting and I'm and wouldn 't let me! For a teenager like me then, it
surprised no on e got hurt in the crush . The politician was a very exciting time . Unfortunately the road wa s
was aston ished at the unex pected reception he had eventually built but maybe the protest made them
w hen he came out. I think we got our point across . th ink twice about where to bu ild the next one .

Dave D Rose
The organisers had taken a long time to plan the day I don 't think I ever knew exactly why the sit-in sta rted
and we all knew exactly where we were going and but it was definitely the most memorable event of my
w hen the speeches would happen and so on. So there second year at college! I think it was something to do
was a sense of calm among the crowds. And the whole w ith cutting some lecturers' jobs, but anyway, it wa s
thing went off really well, in spite of the rain . OK, something that a lot of people felt really strongly
normal transport serv ices were obviously disrupted, about. The news of the sit- in spread very quickly and
wh ich m ight have caused problems for some people, soon the building was completely full of students with
but there were no fights with the police, not even a sleeping bags, sandwiches, hot flasks of coffee and so
little scuffle! A lot of people , including myself, were on . At first things weren 't that well organised but in a
there with their whole family and it was a great feeling really short time they set up food centres and started
to be marching alongside other people from all over talking to the authorities, trying to sort out a
the country who felt the same way as I did. We compromise . I was quite immature at the time and I
wanted to show the government how strongly people know that I got involved just to be part of the event
felt about the need to do someth ing more about and because a good friend of mine was there too, not
climate change and get results. When you're in the because of my views! I sat in for two days and nights
middle of someth ing like that - and that march was and I 'll never forget the atmosphere . There was such
enormous, t here were half a million people there - it a communal spirit - with everyone standing together
makes you realise how strongly people feel about the against the authorities! The occupation lasted just
problem. I 'm really glad I made the effort to go. over a week until the students got an agreement to
have a series of formal discussions about their
complaints .

4 0 Which do you think is more effective, an onlin e p ro tes t or a protest m arch? Wh y?

67
Unit 6 A matter of opinion

Language focus: Reported speech

Reported statements Reporting verbs
1 In extract C of the reading text on page 67 1 In reported speech we can use other verbs
Sara says her mother would not let her apart from say and tell. Underline the
stay in a tree house. Look at her mother's reporting verb which best describes what
words and the way Sara reports them. the people are doing in these statements.
What change does Sara make to the verb? 1 'Don't forget to hand in your essay
Sara's mother: 'I draw the line at that.' tomorrow,' Ben said to me.
Sara: My mum said she drew the line at that. recommending/reminding
2 'Roy Green will win the election. I know it!'
2 a Look at these other examples of direct said Maria. promising/predicting
statements and how they were reported.
3 'Don't be late this evening or dad will be
Underline the verbs in each pair of
angry, ' said my brother.
sentences and describe the changes made
warning/ threatening
to the tenses or verbs.
4 'No, I won't sign this petition,' said the
e.g. 1 The past simple 'went off' in direct
student. complaining/refusing
speech changes to 'had gone off' in
reported speech . 5 'Come on! You 're tired. Take a break,' my
friend said to me. So I did.
1 'The protest march went offwell yesterday. ' persuading/begging
She said that the protest march had gone off 6 'Sit down at once!' the teacher said to the
well the previous day. class. encouraging/ ordering
2 'We must take action to reduce pollution. ' 7 'I'll help you with the research, ' Mike said to
She said that they had to take action to me. explaining/ offering
reduce pollution. 8 'It's a good idea to compare prices before
3 'They'll agree to talks soon.' buying a computer, ' my dad said to my
She said they would agree to talks soon. broth er. advisingjinsisiting
4 'We're having a sit-in to get our point across. ' 2 Report the statements in exercise 1 using
They said that they were having a sit-in to get the simple past of the verbs you have
their point across. underlined, together with one of the
5 'We can stop the council building a new following verb patterns.
motorway here. ' 1 verb + infinitive
He said that they could stop the council He promised to arrive early.
building a new motorway there. 2 verb + object+ infinitive
6 'News ofthe politician's visit has leaked out. ' He urged me to stop smoking.
He told me that news ofthe politician's visit 3 verb + that + clause
had leaked out. He explained that it was not serious.
e.g. 1 Ben reminded me to hand in my
b What other words and expressions essay the following day.
change when using reported speech? Give
examples from 1-6 in exercise 2a. Read more about reporting verbs in the
e.g. 1 Yesterday in direct speech chan ges to Grammar Reference.
the previous day in reported speech. 3 a Write a direct statement for each of the
Read more about reported statements in following. Imagine you are talking to your
the Grammar Reference. partner.
1 a recommendation 3 a threat
3 Write down four things people in your class 2 a promise 4 a complaint
have said during this lesson. Use direct
speech. Exchange your list with a partner e.g. 1_ you sViouLd do t:JOUV VioVV~-ewov~ lAS
and use reported speech to tell another SOOVI- lAS i::JOUget VtOVVI.e .
student what your partner has written. b Exchange your sentences with your
partner. Then report your partner's
sentences to another student.
e.g. 1 Ana recommended me to do my homework
as soon as I get home.

68
 Unit 6 A matter of opinion

5 Whenever there's an opinion to be

Vocabulary: expressed, my sister always sit s on the halE/
Making decisions fence - she just won't support either side in
an argument.
1 Look at these comments that people have 6 I never go for the easiest option/
made about making decisions. Underline election. I prefer a bit of a challenge. How
the correct word in italics. Use a about you?
dictionary if necessary. 7 In my case - I usually let my heart
1 I usually take a long time to make decide/ rule my head, and that's not always
d ecisions because I try to take everything a good thing! I should think more about
into consideration/ understanding. decisions and not get too emotional.
2 Once I've decided something, I rarely
change my rnindf head. I don't like going/
looking back on a decision once I've made
2 0 Work in pairs. Tell your partner if you
are like any of the people who made
it. comments 1-7? Give reasons and
3 I agree. It's not a good idea to rush/ examples.
speed into a decision because you need to
Example:
stand/weigh up the pros and the cons.
I'm a bit like Speaker 4. Last week I waited so
4 My problem is that I can never make/
long to decide whether to go to the concert or no~
take up my mind! I usually put off making
a decision until the last possible moment.
there were no tickets left!

FCE Speaking Part 3: Collaborative task Useful

--------------------------------------~
language
1 Here are some decisions people often have to make. Talk to each other about what people
need to consider when making these decisions. Then decide which is the most difficult • Avoid repeating
decision to make. the words consider
and difficu lt. Here are
some a lternat ives:
Remember
You need to think
aboutj bear in mind/
• Don 't just describe the photos and what you can see in them. Answer the questions
take into account a
printed above the photos.
number of factors.
• Don 't rush through the pictures. Spend some time talking about each one before you
It's a hard/
move on to the next.
complicated/ tricky/
• You do not have to agree with your partner about which is the most difficult decision. tough decision to make.
It isn't aj an easy/
• What do people need to consider when making these decisions? simple/ straightforward
decision.
• Which decision is the most difficult to make?
Deciding what to do is
no easy matter.
. , U fjt it 6 A matter of opinion

FCE Listening Part 4: Multiple choice

1 0 Look at the photographs of the same

place at different times. Where is it and
6 What is Vince proud of in relation to the
day in the House of Commons?
A The results of the discussions.
what usually happens here?
B The support they gave to abolishing
2 @ 1.51 You will hear part of an tuition fees .
interview with a member of the UKYP, the C The admiration shown in some
United Kingdom Youth Parliament. For newspaper reports.
questions 1-7, choose the best answer (A, 7 When compared with the normal MPs,
B or C) Vince believes that the UKYP
1 What was different about the House of A showed their feelings about the topics
Commons on Friday 30th November? more.
A The people were all dressed very smartly. B were more serious about their views.
B The place was unusually fulL C spoke out more in favour of equality
C Young people joined the normal MPs. in all aspects oflife.
2 Why had the event been opposed?
A The Youth Parliament had not asked
3 0 Do you have a youth parliament in
your country? Do you think it's a good
for permission in the right way. thing? Why/Why not?
B The MPs thought the event would
cause too much disruption to their 4 0 Work in pairs. The Youth Parliament
had to choose one of the following to
rounne.
campaign for over the corning year. Rank
C An event like this had never been held
the issues in order of importance and then
in t he House of Commons before.
decide which one you think they chose
3 According to Vince the majority ofUKYP and why.
members want to be members because
1 University fees. University education
A they want to make a difference in the should be free for all students.
world.
2 Public transport and young people.
B they think it is good training for a Young people should have free public
future in politics. transport.
C they think the politicians need to be 3 Jobs for young people and the economy.
replaced. The government should give more help
4 In his time as a member ofUKYP Vince to young people in finding work.
A has been the leader of an 4 Lowering the voting age. People of 16
international youth counciL should be allowed to vote.
B has concentrated on local problems. 5 Youth crime and what to do about it.
C has worked with people who had Young offenders should not be sent to
similar views to his. pnson.
5 How did the UKYP members break with
tradition in the House of Commons? 5 0exercise
Choose one of the statements in
4 for a class discussion. Before
A They wore brightly coloured clothes.
you start, think of two points for and two
B They sometimes used rude language. points against the statement. In the
C They talked to the press before the discussion use expressions from the
debate. Useful language box.

Useful language
In my opinion students should pay their way like everybody else.
I fee l very strong ly t hat the government should help students who come from poor
backgrounds.
Surely education is the only way out of poverty? I firmly believe that all education
should be free!
Don't you think there are better things the government should spend its money on?
T hat's a good point but you 've got to look at the bigger picture.

70
 FCE Writing Part 2: Essay
1 Read the following Part 2 question. Do you agree or disagree with the statement? Think of
two points you might make to support your view when answering the question.
After a class discussion on youth crime, your teacher has asked you to write an essay, giving
your opinion on the following statement.
Young offenders should not be sent to prison.
Write your essay in 120-180 words.
2 Read the model answer below. Does the writer mention the same points as you?

you""g offeV~-cl.ers slttouLcl. V~-ot be seV~-t to pri.soV~-.

ywtltl crLVV~-e LS Ll/\,creCisLI/\,g tov!Citj CIV\,vl VV~-ore CIV\,vl VV~-ore tJOi,.mg -peo-pLe Clre el/\,v!LI/\,g 1.{-p
LV\, -prLSOI/\,, oftell\, for Lol/\,g -perLovls. Is tltl~s tltle best WCI!j to -pl.{l/\,~sltl tltlese tJOI.{I/\,g -peo-pLe?
Persoi/\,CILLtj, I vlo 11\,0t tltl~l/\,~ Lt LS.
F~rstLtj, we VJCIVe to COV\,SLv!er tltle ttj-pe of crLVV~-e . For VV~-ore serLOI.{S, v~oLel/\,t cr~VV~-es -perltlCI-ps
-prLSOI/\, LS tltle rLgltlt -pi.{I/\,~SltlVV~-el/\,t Cis socLettj 11\,eevls to be -protectevl . However, VV~-CIV\,ij tJOI.{I/\,g
-peo-pLe LV\, -prLSOI/\, Clre tltlere for VVI.LI/\,or cr~VV~-es SI.{CVJ CIS tltleft. Ill\, VVI.tj o-p~V\,~011\, tltlere sltloi.{Lvl be
v!Lfferell\,t -pi.{I/\,~SltlVV~-el/\,ts for tltleVV~-.
secol/\,vlLtj, tJOLA.I/\,g -peo-pLe wno Clre LV\, -prLSOI/\, oftell\, V1Cive to sV1Cire Cl ceLL wLtltl oLvler, VV~-ore
ex.-perLell\,cevl crLVVI.LI/\,CILs. Tltl~s LS 11\,ot Cl goovl tltlLI/\,g becCII.{se tltletj CCIII\, LeCirl/\, VV~-ore Clbo{,.(t
crLVV~-e. 1"fi-rVV~-Ltj beLLeVe tltlCit we sltloi.{Lvl trtj to ltleL-p tJOLA.I/\,g -peo-pLe Lwve crLVV~-e beltlLI/\,vl.
To coll\,cL{,.(vle, wn~Lst 1fi.{LLtj Clgree tnCit -peo-pLe wno vlo soVV~-etltl~V\,g wrol/\,g snoi.{Lvl be
'PI.{I/\,LSVJevl, I feeL tltlCit Cl 'PI.{I/\,LSVJVV\.el/\,t SI.{CVJ CIS wor~LI/\,g to neL-p tne LocCIL COVV\.VV\.1.{1/\,Lttj
woi.{Lvl be VVI.I.{CVJ better for VV~-CIV\,ij tJOI.{I/\,g -peo-pLe tltlCII/\, beLI/\,g Loc~evl 1.{-p LV\, -prLSOI/\,.

3 Read the model answer again. Find examples of linking words and phrases that can be
used for each of the functions 1-6 below. Write the words and phrases next to the
functions.
1 introduce a contrast
2 indicate the sequence of different points
3 introduce a reason
4 introduce an example ~

5 indicate that you are coming to the end of the essay ( Help
6 introduce your opinion
• Use a variety of
4 a Work in pairs. Read the following Part 2 question. Then choose a topic for your essay.
linking devices.
Discuss and note down points you could use in the essay.
Think about
After a class discussion on the issues in exercise 4 on page 70, your teacher has asked you to contrast, addit1on ,
write an essay, giving your opinion on one of the statements 1-4. reason and
Write your essay in 120-180 words. sequence as used in
the model answer in
b Make a plan for the essay using this guide and the notes you have made. Then write the exercise 2
essay.
• Give examples to
Paragraph 1: Introduction - write about Paragraph 3: Talk about your second make your points
the situation now and give your general point. clear.
opmwn. Paragraph 4: Conclusion- summarize your • Use a formal or
Paragraph 2: Talk about your first point. ideas and restate your opinion. semi -formal style.

71
Unit 6 A matter of opinion

Language focus: Reported questions

1 In the listening on page 70 you heard an
interview with Vince Martin, a member of Read more about reported questions in
the UKYP. Read this extract from a the Grammar Reference.
newspaper report of the interview and
write down the direct questions that the 3 Report these other questions that the
interviewer asked. interviewer asked Vince. Start your
answers The interviewer asked Vince ...
1 Did you enjoy the experience?
In his interview with Vince Martin
yesterday, Mark Hutchings asked Vince 2 Was anyone wearing a suit and tie?
how many members of the Youth 3 How long has the Youth Parliament
Parliament had spoken in the debate and been trying to get to the House of
if the UKYP members were going to Commons?
campaign for any of the matters that 4 Are you going to stand for election
they had discussed. He also asked again next year?
whether the Youth parliament would 5 Do you think the MPs were impressed
return to the House of Commons at a by the debates?
future date.
4 a Work in pairs. Think of some more
Example: questions you would like to ask Vince
about the Youth Parliament and their day
How many UKYP members spoke in the debate? in the House of Commons.
2 Answer these questions about reported b Exchange your questions with another
questions. pair of students. Imagine how Vince
1 How is the word order in reported might answer the questions that you have
questions different fron1 direct been given. Then write a short report.
questions? Example:
2 Are the changes in verb tenses the same How did all the members travel to the House of
as for reported statements? Commons?
3 What happens to the auxiliary verbs do, Most came by train or coach.
does, did?
4 Which two words can we use after the
TV1e Lll\,tervLewer ets~ec\ vLII\,ce V1ow etLL ti-le
verb ask when reporting questions that ~e~bers V1etc\ tretveLLecl to tV1e t-to~Ase of
require a yes/ no answer? Co~~oll\,s CIV\,c\ V1e toLe\ V1er tl-lett ~ost V1etc\
goll\,e bij tretLII\, or coetcl-1 . ...
Speaking: The news
1 0 Work in pairs. These pictures show people getting
the news in different ways. Compare the pictures and
say what the advantages are of getting the news in these
ways. Then answer the questions.
1 What other ways are there of getting the news?
2 Do you keep up to date with national and world
news? Why/ Why not?
3 Which way of getting the news do you (or your
parents) prefer? Why?

72
 Unit 6 A matter of opinion

FCE Use of English Part 1: Multiple-choice doze

----~----~------~-

1 Read the text below, ignoring the gaps. Choose the best title for the article.
a The importance of keeping informed.
b The death of the newspaper?
c A career in journalism.
d Which newspaper is best?
2 For questions 1-12, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, Cor D) best fits
each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0).
The future of the daily newspaper is in (O) .......... With changes in people's reading habits and
financia l concerns, it seems that more and more of us are turning (1) ......... from the traditional
daily newspaper as a means of getting our information and going online or to TV news for the
(2) ......... and main stories instead. Does this mean that newspapers will (3) ......... become a
thing of the past?
Many experts believe that newspapers will survive in some form in the future (4) ......... the
convenience of the internet, their main rival. The main reason for thinking this is that a large
percentage of the population is (5) ......... 35 and has a strong newspaper reading habit. For many
of these people, reading newspapers is not simply a way of getting the information about
(6) .. ....... events but part of a traditional routine. For them , catching up with the main stories
electronically from news websites or TV news (7) ......... will never be a real substitute for turning
the pages of a paper on the train or at the table.
However, the main competition for newspapers (8) ......... from their own online versions. Access
to these is currently free of charge but for how much longer? Many newspaper corporations are
(9) ...... ... that the only way forward for all newspapers is to charge customers to read the online
versions. Apparently, surveys (10) ......... that as many as 48% of British and American consumers
are prepared to pay for this service, although they are not prepared to pay very (11) .... ... .. ! Would
you be willing to pay for online access to news websites or should it continue to be free for
everyone? Can you (12) ......... a world without newspapers? Post your comment below.

0 A problems B danger c fear D worry

1 A out B over c away D forward
2 A tides B stgns c descriptions D headlines
3 A shortly B next c lately D early
4 A although B however c despite D but
5 A over B more c after D further
6 A modern B current c late D ultimate
7 A emtSS1011S B sendings c hearings D broadcasts
8 A gets B goes c gtves D comes
9 A accepted B insisted c convinced D chosen
10 A tell B show c allow D describe
llA lot B much c largely D enough
12 A tmagme B predict c believe D fancy

3 0 With a partner, discuss the two questions at the end of the article.

73
Unit 6 A matter of opinion

FCE Reading Part 2: Gapped text

1 0 Look at the photographs, all of which

appeared in a daily newspaper. Discuss
news presenter. What do you think h e
likes/ doesn't like about his job? What sort
of problems might he have?
these questions with a partner.
b Read the article, ignoring the gaps, and
What do you think the story might be check your ideas.
behind each one?
3 Read the article again. Seven sentences
Which story would interest you the most? have been removed from the article.
And the least? Choose from the sentences A-H the one
2 a 0 Work in pairs. You are going to
read about the life of a breakfast radio
which best fits each gap (1-7). There is
one extra sentence which you do not need
to use.

A day in the life of a radio news presenter

Without doubt , the worst part of my job is the important cricket match?
unearthly hour that I have to get up at every People in the meeting pull in different directions.
day. This puts me in a foul mood for at least two
hours as I am not, nor have I ever been , a
Is I I Others think that local crimes need to
be top of the list. The team thrashes out the
morning person! In fact I cannot imagine what it possibilities and eventua lly I am nearly ready to
must be like to be a 'morning person'.! 1 I I go on air.
Unfortunately for me, this only happens at the
weekends these days. This is when the adrenalin really kicks in. It is a
buzz presenting a show live but there is not
'Why? ' people ask me, 'Why do you have a job much room for mistakes and things do not
that means you have to get up at 3.45 in the always go smoothly. My job is to appear to be in
morning?' The simple answer is that the job of control and I have to be alert and able to think
presenting the weekday breakfast news on my feet. I 6 I jThen there are the times
programme on a radio station is what I have when I get linked with the wrong reporter. Last
always wanted to do 2 I I I
But there are no week for example, I was talking about a break-in
two ways about it- i am still not a morning at a country house hotel and got linked to a
person! reporter on another story who was at a zoo . So,
Having hauled myself out of bed, I get a taxi to my question about 'Was anything val uable
the radio station (I wouldn't trust myself driving stolen ' prompted the rather puzzled response 'Er
at that hour), and when we arrive it is still dark ... no . .. all the e lephants are definitely still
with only a few brave birds daring to break the here!'
silence with their song. Singing is the last thing I Of course, th ere are also those callers on the
I I
feel like doing. 3 I phone-in sections who see it as an opportunity
In much better spirits now. I sit in on the news to go way off topic and complain about
conference, which is where the editors make the everything from taxation to the quality of the
big decisions on which news stories we are burgers in the restaurant down the road! There's
going to run with and in which order. They a lot of mental gymnastics that goes on and
discuss events that have happened overnight afterwards I always feel completely exhausted .
and developments in any stories we ran I7 I I
I I
yesterday. 4 IYou can feel the excitement Before leaving the studio there's another meeting
in the air on mornings like these, particularly if to discuss items for tomorrow's show. We might
it's an event with important national or have a specia l guest - like a politician or an
international implications. actor and we ta lk about the questions I shou ld
The discussions are fierce. Which stories do we or shouldn ' t ask. Eventually the heart stops
report and in how much depth? Then the big pounding and I can relax. I'm out of the door,
question - which stories get priority? We may determined to enjoy the rest of the day before I
have five big stories but which do we lead with? need to go to bed at the obscenely early time of
Is it the celebrity who has been caught for 8.30!
dangerous driving or is it yet another political
scandal? Is it the murder of a homeless person
or the fact that Australia has just won an
 Unit 6 A matter of opinion

A T here m ay even be a breaking news story E Sometimes sound links with reporters in
happening at the time. the field can go wrong and I'm left
B Of course, I realize there's a con tradiction talking to complete silence.
here, and I sh ouldn ' t be moaning abo ut F Some want to win the popular vote
getting up early, partic ularly wh en my - celebrity stories attract listeners, the
job is the envy of hundreds of other more sensational the better.
would-be presenters in Australia. G However, that's all part of the job and
C What I love to do most in the whole the unpredictability is one of the
world is to snuggle up in bed until reasons I love it so much.
lunchtime. H A couple of strong coffees later, however,
D When you' re talking on the radio, you I feel better ab le to face the day and my
have to imagine that you're talking to grumpiness begins to lift.
one person face to face.

4 Wo rk in p airs. Look at list of n ews h eadlines b elow. Imagin e you are going to plan a news
bulletin and d ecide th e following p oints. Give reasons.
• What would be the lead story?
• What order would you present the other items in?

1 Celebrity arrested for dangerous driving 5 Politician fails to pay his taxes
2 Government reduces money for hospitals 6 Outbreak of dangerous spiders
3 Airport strike 7 Dog saves its master from freezing river
4 Murder of homeless man 8 Small country wins big sports trophy

FCE Writing Part 1: Email

Answer th e following Part 1 task.
Your English friend Jack, has sent you an email asking you for help in improving his
knowledge of your language. Read Jack's email and the notes you have made. Then write an
email to Jack using all your notes. Write 120- 150 words.

Email

From: Jack Barnes

Sent: 181h Ap ri l
Subject: Advice please!

yes - teLL I really need your advice! Before I come to visit you next summer I must improve my
V1LV1A. vV1at language as I don't want to speak English all the time. I've been having some private
lesso week my teacher told me to read magazines and books to improve my
vocabu lary. Do you rea lot in English? I prefer reading newspapers to reading books
so I was wondering if you could suggest some newspapers that I could read online?
Are there any interesting news stories in your country at the moment? Here in the UK c;oocl Lclw -
the government's trying to increase university fees for stu . veryone 's really angry!
V'A.Ii! R.e sugg estLoil\,s
There's been a big online campaign against it and even an online pet1 IO"r-o"'"'"' ...
ever signed one of these?
yes - Sli!tJ yes - outLLII\,e
wV1eil\, ail\,cl Best wishes Iii stortl
WVltJ Jack

When you h ave finish ed writing, check you r em ail by an swerin g the questions in the
H elp box on p age 131.
 Language focus
Read this voicem ail message from Paul to 5 I saw the big manifestation/ demonstration
Helen. against taxes on the news last night.
Hi Helen! I've just got back from the Climate 6 T h e leadjfront story in the newspaper
Change protest march. I was expecting to see you th is morning was about the accident in
on the train but I couldn't find you. Did you go? It th e centre of Paris.
was amazing. I'm sitting here watching the march
on TV Are you watching it too? It looks really
impressive! Well, it's been a long day so I'm going Ph rasa I verbs revision
to bed early. I'll give you a ring soon. Bye!
Complete each gap with the correct
The next d ay, H elen told h er friend Andy, p article(s).
what Paul h ad said in h is m essage. 1 up upwith
Complete her words u sing rep orted
speech. a Come and visit us anytime. We can put
you ............ for a week if you like.
Hi Andy. Paul phoned last night and left a
message. He told me he'd just got back from the b The teacher couldn' t put ............ Jan's
Climate Change protest march and said that he ... bad behaviour any longer and sent her
home.
2 off back on
Vocabulary a The organisers spent a long time
preparing for the party and it went
1 Complete each gap with t h e co rrect verb . ............ very well. Everyone had a good
You will need to u se o n e verb twice. time.
1 A lot of people ............ action when they b I'm so angry! My dad went ............ his
get angry about something the decision to let me use his car next
government has done. weekend. It's not fair.
2 I can't ............ up m y mind whether to 3 to on
go to Italy or Japan on holiday this year. a Do you know if the paper is taking
3 The group of protesters ........... . ............ any more staff at the moment? I
disruption to our travel when they might apply if they are.
blocked the entrances to the airport b We met Dan's new girlfriend last night.
terminal. She's so friendly. I took ............ her
4 You need to ............ a lot of things into immediately.
consideration before making a big 4 after for
decision about a future career.
a Can you help me? I'm looking ........... .
5 Sometimes when my brother is a book about Australia.
discussing politics, he ............ too far
b It isn't my dog! I'm just looking
and offends people.
............ it while my sister's on holiday.
6 The protestors carried placards and
banners to try to .. .......... their point
about unemployment across.
2 Underline the co rrect altern a tive in italics.
1 I'm in two minds/ heads about whether to
go to the party tonight or not.
2 Most parents would draw th e point/ line
at letting children of five have a mobile
phone.
3 I balanced/ weighed up the pros and the
cons before deciding wh ich course to
follow at university.
4 Do you feel strongly/ hardly about the new
motorway they are planning to build?

76
 Review

FCE Use of English Part 2: Open doze

For questions 1-12, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap.
Use only one word in each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0).

Judging the judges!

Everyone is (0) .. 6.N .. armchair critic these days . A quick look (1) ........... any TV schedule
shows that reality TV programmes dominate our screens and most of these ask the viewers to
vote on which contestant or participant should (2) ........... eliminated from the show and
which should progress to the next level. But (3) ........... do we make our choice? What do we
base our opinions on? In general it's a personal reaction to (4) ........... we see. We are not
experts, but often we rely (5) ........... guidance from the professional judges on the show.
So, what makes a good professional judge? Perhaps it's easier to point out what makes a bad
one. We (6) ........... all seen the judges on reality talent shows and (7) ........... is probably fair to
say that many of them often resort to generalities. They comment on the contestant's
performance without giving detailed reasons (8) ........... it was good or poor. How many times
have we heard 'Well, that just wasn't as good (9) ....... .. .. last week.' or 'Great. You deserve your
place on this stage.' A good professional judge needs to be (10) ........... to give constructive
criticism and articulate his or her opinions about the strength or weakness of a performance.
He needs to be an expert in his field, (11) ........... it is music or cookery, and also (12) ........... be
afraid of telling the truth as he sees it. It is definitely not the judge's job to be popular.

Writing FCE Part 2

Write an answer to one of these questions in 120-180 words in an appropriate style.
1 You recently saw this notice in a TV guide.

What do you think?

There are a lot of reality shows on TV at the moment
and we 'd like to know what you think about them.
Write a review of one of the shows and say what you
like or don 't like about it. We ' ll publish the best
reviews in next week's edition .

Write your review.

2 You have seen this advertisement for summer jobs.

Are you an animal lover?

We' re looking for people aged 14- 19 to support some of our animal
rescue centres in the evenings and at weekends. Would you be suitable
and willing to give some time to help?
Activities include
• fund raising
• looking after the animals
• dealing with enquiries
Write to Mr. Franks, saying which activities you could help with and why
you would be suitable.

Write your letter of application.

 a
Speaking
1 0 Look at the items shown in the photographs and answer the following questions
about each one. Give reasons.
What aspects of the modern world threaten their survival?
Do you think it is important for us to try to keep them in the future? Why/ Why not?
What, if anything, can be done to help them survive?
2 0 How easy or difficult is it for people of your grandparents' generation to survive in
today's fast-moving world?
Do you think life in the future will be better or worse than it is now? Why?

3 a Rank the following from 1-8 where 1 is the one you would find it most difficult to
survive without and 8 is the one you would miss the least if you didn't have it.
washing machine television
mobile phone central heating
fridge mp4 player
computer dishwasher

Books
b 0 Work in pairs. Compare your lists, giving reasons for your decisions.
 Unit 7 Survival

Vocabulary: Surviving
1 Complete each gap with a word from the 2 Match the highlighted phrasal verbs and
box. expressions which you completed in
exercise 1 to a definition a-e.
I get get live make stay
a continue to live when you are in a
1 I don't need a powerful computer; I can dangerous situation
.............. by with just a small laptop. b have enough of something (e.g .
2 My grandparents receive a very small equipment, knowledge) to be able to do
pension and find it hard to ............. . what you need to do
ends meet. c have enough money to pay for the
3 I never work during the summer things you need
holidays; I can .............. on the money d manage to deal with the situations you
my parents give me. encounter during the day
4 Ifi was lost in the mountains or a forest, e have trouble paying for the things you
I'd know what plants, berries and other need in order to live
food I could eat in order to ............. .
alive. 3 Look again at the sentences in exercise 1
and say how true each one is for you.
5 I need at least three cups of coffee to Develop your answers.
help me .............. through the day.

FCE Listening Part 1: Multiple choice

A They will last longer than eBook
(f) 2.1-2.16 You will hear people talking readers.
in eight different situations. For questions B They are easier to keep clean than
1-8, choose the best answer (A, B or C). eBook readers.
1 You hear a man talking about a C They are more pleasant to hold than
documentary he saw on television. eBook readers.
What aspect of the documentary's 5 You overhear this man speaking on his
location surprised him? mobile phone.
A the beauty of the scenery Who is he talking to?
B the variety of the wildlife A his boss
C the severity of the climate B his brother
2 You hear a shop owner being C his neighbour
interviewed on the radio.
6 You overhear a student speaking about
What does she say is the main threat to her financial situation.
her business?
What is she complaining about?
A the current economic situation
A She gets no help from her parents.
B the competition from large stores
B She is having trouble finding a job.
C the import of cheap foreign goods
C She has to repay money she borrows.
3 You hear a teacher being interviewed on
the radio. 7 You hear a man speaking on the radio.
Why is his school celebrating Tiger Day? What is his occupation?
A to make children aware of the tiger's A a professor
situation B an author
B to collect money to help with tiger C a reporter
conservation 8 You hear a woman talking to a friend
C to protest against keeping tigers in about her first week as a teacher.
zoos What has she found most tiring about
4 You hear a woman talking about books it?
and eBook readers. A planning her lessons
Why does she prefer books to eBook B the length of her teaching day
readers? C maintaining discipline
Unit 7 Survival

Language focus: Countable and uncountable nouns

1 A countable noun has a plural form and b Which words would be used instead of
can be used after a/ an when it is singular. few and a few before uncountable nouns?
e.g. boole letter shop match
0uncountable
Read more about countable and
nouns in the Grammar
An uncountable noun has no plural form
and is not used after a/an. Reference.
e.g. furniture health progress 4 In 1-6 there are two mistakes in each
sentence. Correct the mistakes.
In sentences 1-10, which are taken from
the listening on page 79, some of the 1 Kelly's not in a very good health and
nouns have been underlined. Write C in she's having trouble finding a work.
the square brackets if the noun is 2 The news on the telly are depressing, it's
countable, and U if it is uncountable. a terrible weather outside and I've got an
awful cold - I feel so miserable!
e. g. Many small businesses [C] are having to
close. 3 There was graffiti on the walls, and they
did a lot of damages to the furnitures.
1 A large number of hypermarkets [ ]
seem to be popping up everywhere. 4 We went on a travel to Italy last year
and two of our three luggages went
2 There are very few tigers [ ] left in the m1ssmg.
wild.
5 We've just received this piece of traffic
3 My son downloaded some eBooks [ ] informations: the police are advising
on it for me. drivers to leave their cars at home and
4 Several schools [ ] in the area are use public transports.
hoping to raise a large amount of
money. [] 5 For 1-5 underline the correct alternative
5 There wasn' t much damage [ ] at all in in italics.
our street. [ ] 1 Any/ Several/ Every sections of the art
6 A lot of trees [ ] were blown down. gallery were destroyed in the fire, but a
surprisingly large numberj dealj amount of
7 I think the house [ ] next door lost a works survived.
couple of roof tiles. [ ]
2 There weren' t noj muchj many people on
8 Clearly I had to have some knowledge the flight out and there were plentyj mostj lot
[ ] of the subject and I did a great deal of free seats on the plane home, too. I don' t
of research. [ ] know how that airline survives.
9 A journalist [ ] on a Welsh language 3 All/ Each/ Some time I go to Greece, I
newspaper gave me a lot of help [ ] and manage to get by with a few j littlej lot words
advice. [ ] of Greek, a few j littlej lot English and a few/
10 I did think I might have a few problems little/ lot of gestures.
[ ] with bad behaviour. [ ] ' 4 A small numberj dealjamount of salt each
2 Copy the table below into your notebook. day is fine, but too morej mostj much salt in
Put the words and phrases in bold in your diet increases your chances of
exercise 1 into the correct columns. developing high blood pressure.
5 At high altitudes there is not little/
Before [U] and enough/ some oxygen to support human life,
Before [U] Before plural
plural [C] and very few jfewerj a few climbers have
nouns [C] nouns
nouns reached the top of Everest without
supplementary supplies.
VVI.Cl Vvi::j

3 a Look again at sentences 2 and 10 in 6 0topicsWork in pairs. Choose one of the

in the photographs on page 78.
exercise 1 and complete the gaps in these
definitions with few and a few. Take turns talking about the topic for two
minutes, using as many of the words and
1 We use ..... .......... with plural countable phrases as possible from exercises 2 and 5
nouns to mean not many or not as many above. Note how many words and phrases
as you would like or expect. your partner uses correctly.
2 We use ........ ... .... with plural countable
nouns to mean some or a small number of.

80
 Unit 7 Survival

FCE Use of English Part 2: Open doze

~----------------

1 Work with a partner. Underline what you think is the correct alternative in italics in the
following sentences about Wales.

Welsh Factfile
1 The capital of Wales is Swansea/ Cardiff/Newport.
2 The population of Wales is approximately three/ six/ nine million.
3 About five/ twenty/ fifty per cent of the population speak Welsh.
4 The highest mountain in Wales at just over one/ two/ three thousand metres is
Mount Snowdon.
5 Football/ Cricket/ Rugby is regarded as Wales' national game.
6 The Welsh are noted for their choral singing/ballroom dancing/classical music.
7 Hollywood celebrities from Wales include Tim Burton/ Anthony Perkins/
Catherine Zeta-jones.
8 The title 'Prince of Wales' is traditionally given to the British king or queen's
eldest/ second/youngest son.

{f) 2.1 7 Listen to an extract from a radio programme and check your answers.
2 For questions 1-12, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use
only one word in each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0) .

The survival ofWelsh

Welsh is (0) ...~?!:-!.~... of the oldest surviving languages (1) ............... Europe with a history
going back over fifteen centuries. In Wales itself it (2) ............... now spoken by over half a
million people, around twenty per cent of the population. Welsh is (3) ..... .......... much in
evidence there as English: street signs are written in ( 4) ............... of the languages, all official
documents in English must also be available in Welsh, and (5) .... ........... child in Wales learns
Welsh in school up to the age of 16.
Interestingly, Welsh did not enjoy equal status with English in public life (6) ............... fairly
recently, with the passing of the Welsh Language Acts in 1967 and 1993. (7) ............... two laws
put an end to the dominance of English in the legal and administrative systems, (8) ...............
began in 1536, when Wales was united politically with its larger neighbour and English
became the only official language.
Welsh was preserved thanks largely (9) .. ............. the translation of the Bible into Welsh and
the continued use of the language in churches. Its general use, however, declined in the
twentieth century: with very (10) ............... job opportunities in the post-war depression of the
1920s and 1930s, many young Welsh speakers left Wales in search of work elsewhere. In
addition, relatively cheap housing in recent years (11) ..... .......... led to the arrival oflarge
numbers of English people and an anglicization of rural areas.
(12) ............... this decline has been reversed and Welsh is currently enjoying a revival, the
language is still struggling for survival and the number of children being brought up with
Welsh as their mother tongue is falling.
3 0Why/Why
Do you think minority languages like Welsh can continue to survive in today's world?
not?
Are any minority languages spoken in your country? What is being done to help their
survival?

81
Unit 7 Survival

FCE Reading Part 2: Gapped text

1 0 Would you like to be a secondary

school teacher? Why/Why not?

2 You are going to read an extract from a

teacher's autobiography. Read the base
text only and answer this question:
How would you have dealt with Daryl Jones
if you had been the teacher?

My first ever lesson

This was a GCSE English class. I was were virtually drowned out by the other kids
supposed to have another teacher in the class who were still chatting very loudly. In
with me but I was entirely on my own. I knew particular, there was one kid, the surly,
from observing a couple of other GCSE classes sunken-eyed Daryl Jones, who was pushing
that everyone else in the English Department and shouting at the boy sitting next to him .
was reading A Taste of Honey by Shelagh [[[]I decided that I had to take him on if I
Delaney and asking them to do a piece of was going to get anywhere.
coursework on it. I asked him to be quiet and to listen. He
The play was a bleak drama written in the didn ' t respond - or rather he did by shoving
1960s about a teenage girl living in the his friend so hard he fell off his seat. Everyone
poverty-stricken North. o:::IJ However, I burst out laughing. m=J For the first time in
hadn ' t any time to prepare to teach it or even the lesson, everyone was quiet. All eyes turned
to think about whether I should teach it or to watch me as I stalked with a red and furious
not. It was the only suitable book I had seen face towards Jones. He grinned at everyone
in the stock cupboard and I pulled it out and then let his head flop on to the desk with a
without a second thought. soft thud. He appeared to shut his eyes.
" Now then, " I said . "Could we have quiet [ID I picked up his book which had fallen
please? I need to see who is reading what role on the floor and put it beside his tousled black
in this play. Could you put up your hand if hair. His face was still buried in the desk.
you want to read? " [II] Then when I said "You have to follow this," I said in an angry
they had a part, they refused to take it. After but calmish voice, as I pointed at a page of A
ten minutes of trying to allocate roles, no one Taste of Honey. Jones didn 't repl y. "Did you
had a part. hear me?" I said.
I remember feeling a sense of rising panic. Jones groaned in a pseudo-sleepy voice,
What was I supposed to do? I was banking on "What, what you say?" The class tittered .
reading the play for part of the lesson and They were still watching with avid attention.
then setting a written exercise, where they "I said you need to follow this." "Oh, sir, "said
predicted what happened next , for the Jones, lifting his head slightly to show his
remainder of the lesson. [II] How could hooded eyes. ''I'm just trying to have a kip *
they make a prediction from nothing? here. " There was an intake of breath and then
These kids were laughing at me. I felt very an explosion of laughter from the class. I had
vulnerable with my long ponytail. Sweat was been humiliated .
beginning to seep through my shirt . I *kip = a short sleep
wandered around the class, trying to
3 Seven sentences have been removed from
encourage kids on a one-to-one basis to take the extract. Choose from the sentences
on a role.8J:=J A-H on page 83 the one which fits each
I succeeded in getting the play started with gap (1-7). There is one extra sentence
which you do not need to use.
these readers. However, their faltering voices

82
 Unit 7 Survival

A But they hadn't read anything. ~- . --,...,., . - - -:)

B I didn' t know what to say to him ~· _ . ,.. Remember :~

·'!I· ~ ._..f ....... ·J.-'>t::.".. _ _:.:~~.;;:.• -..:.<·:~..:-"·~·
because h e wasn 't being n o isy any m o re.
C I approach ed him as his friend picked • It may be possible to ignore some unknown
himself off th e flo o r. words, such as the adjectives bleak, surly and
D As I had predicted , however, this m easure tousled. We might not understand them , but we
d id not m ee t with much success. can still follow the sense of the text.
E T his worked a bit better beca use I • The meaning of some other unknown word s
managed to get a few of them to agree to might be clear from the context.
read out alo ud.
Use the context to he lp you guess the approximate
F I liked the text altho ugh I was awa re that meaning of the highlighted verbs in paragraph 7.
it was very d a ted in its references.
G H e was by far the worst-behaved and
noisies t kid in the class.
H Everyone sta rted sho uting out that they
wanted a role.

4 0 Why do you think some children

behave like Daryl Jones?
Should teachers have the power to punish
children more severely? Why/ Why not?

Vocabulary: Prepositions
b Complete each gap with a p reposition
1 Complete each gap in these sentences which can be used before all four nouns.
from the reading text on page 82 with a
preposition. I at by tn on out of
a I was entirely ............ my own .
1 purpose fire average o ffer
b I hadn 't an y tin1e to think ......... .. .
whether I sh o uld teac h it o r no t. 2 h o m e risk work fault
c T hese kids were laughing ..... ....... m e. 3 heart bus accident chan ce
d I succeed ed ............ getting th e play 4 d a te breath order sight
started with these read ers. 5 th eory practice danger charge
e He grinned .... ... .... . everyone. 3 Complete each gap with a noun or the
f I pointed ............ a page o f A Taste of Honey. appropriate form of a verb from exercise 2.
Check your answers in the reading text. 1 The fire chief in ....... ..... ........ .... . of th e
operation said that the whole area was on
2 a Complete each gap with a preposition ........ ................. , putting over two hundred
which can be used after all four verbs. The homes at ................ ....... .. and the lives o f
first one has been done for you. residents in ............. ............ .
2 I broke a chair at school b y
I about at for on to ....... ................... I kept telling th em I hadn' t
1 inves t believe participate result d o ne it on ......................... but they s till m ad e
J.10:. som ething m e ...... ... ........... ..... for a new o n e.
2 belong listen obj ect respond 3 The hand dryer in the toilet is always
....... something/ so m ebody o ut o f ............... ....... ... . I kee p ............. .... .... ... .
ab out it to the caretaker but he just
3 pay apo logize save u p apply ......................... politely a t m e and shrugs his
....... something sho ulders.
4 d epend co ncentra te in sist agree 4 Over 150 countries ............ ............. in las t
.... ... somethin g m o nth's conference, which ... ........ .............. in
5 wo rry d ream co mplain fo rget a decisio n to reduce carbon emissions by
....... someth ing/ so m ebody 15- 20%. Representatives co uld not,
6 smile loo k sho ut stare h owever, ........... .............. o n an exact fig ure.
....... so m ebo dy
4 Now do the exercise on page 131.

83
U r.t it 7 Su rviva I

FCE Listening Part 2: Sentence completion

1 0 Work in pairs. Tell your partner

about the last time you visited a
museum.

Did you enjoy it? Why/ Why not?

2 @ 2.1 8 You will hear part of a radio

programme about a new exhibition at a
museum. For questions 1-10, complete
the sentences.

The Maritime Museum

The Maritime Museum's new exhibition is called I
'---;r========--.--::-o
On display is the boat in which Ernest Shackleton and 1.___ _ _ _ _ _...~..1_2_,1 members of his
crew sailed to South Georgia in search of help.
Shackleton's ship, Endurance, became trapped in Antarctic ice in the month of
I I
3 11915.
In 1972, the Robertson family's yacht sank after an attack by I I 4 1.
'--~-r====~~--~
I I I
Initially, all the Robertsons had to eat were biscuits, sweets, fruit and a ' - - - - - - - - . . . 1 . . - 5- '
The Robertsons were rescued by a I I 6 Ifishing boat.
One part of the exhibition focuses on the skills and personal qualities needed to sail
I 171.
The Maritime Museum has a large number ofl
~--~====~~~-::---,
I 8 Iexhibits.
John's son was particularly interested in the display ofl I 9 1-
Entry to the exhibition is free for l.------~...:..._-lr-'1'=0::;-1-
. ------'---'

3 0 Tell the class about any other 'tales of endurance and survival against the odds' that
you know.

Language focus:
Obligation, prohibition, advice and necessity
1 a Complete each gap in these sentences from the listening with one of the items from the
box. Use the same words that the speakers used.

have to had to don't h ave to mustn't must ought need should

1 If you enjoy tales of endurance and survival against the odds, then you really ............ ..... .
go along and see it.
2 They .................. leave the rest of the crew behind on a small island in order to go and
look for help.
3 The Maritime Museum is not one of those museums where you .................. touch anything.
4 You'd love it- you .................. to pay a visit.
5 And how much will I ...... ............ pay to get in?
6 Children under six ........... ... .... pay .. .
7 Students .................. to show their student card, of course ...
8 ... and senior citizens .......... ........ take some proof of their age, just in case they're asked to
provide it.

b Check your answers in the listening script on page 156.

84
 Unit 7 Survival

2 Complete the table with the sentences from the box below. For each sentence on the left
there are two sentences in the box which express a similar idea. The first one has been
done for you.
Advice (present)
She should go out. .....;?.~.n~ .. ~~.tt~r. .0.4J.. 9.~L . ..... ..... ........................................... .
Lack of necessity (present)
She doesn 't need to go out. ..... .... ... ........ ... .... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... ....... .... ... .................................. .
Prohibition (present)
She mustn't go out.
Prohibition (past)
She couldn't go out.
Obligation (past)
She had to go out.

They made her go out. She'd better go out. There's no need for her to go out.
She isn't allowed to go out. She needn't go out. She wasn't allowed to go out.
They won't let her go out. She ought to go out. They wouldn't let her go out.
She was made to go out.

Read more about obligation, prohibition, advice and necessity in the Grammar Reference.

3 There is a mistake in each sentence 1-8. Correct the mistakes. You may need to delete a
word or change one or more words. There is an example at the beginning (0).

0 I think you should):Rf'stop now - you've

been in front of that screen for too long. 4 a 0 Work in pairs. Discuss the possible
context for each of the sentences in
1 You can touch and stroke them if you
want to but you don 't be allowed to feed exercise 3. Consider:
them. • who might be talking
2 We would better clear this up before she • who they might be talking to
gets back or she'll be really angry.
3 He made me to stay in during the break • what or who they might be talking
just because I was talking. about.
4 We mustn' t wear a tie if we don' t want Example:
to, but I think our customers prefer it if 0 This might be a parent telling their child to
we do. stop playing on the computer or watching
5 I needn't having spent so much time television.
worrying - it was really easy.
6 Steve lent me his pair the last time I
b Work in pairs. Write a six-line dialogue.
The first or last line of the dialogue must
went bird watching, but I dropped them be one of the sentences in exercise 3.
and did must buy him some new ones.
7 It broke down on the way to work on
Monday, so now I must walk or get the
c 0 Read your dialogue to another pair
of students, but do not read out the
bus everywhere while it's being repaired. sentence from exercise 3. Can the other
8 We've got plenty here in the flat for you students guess which sentence you chose?
to use, wh ether in the bathroom or on
the beach, so there's no need to you for
b ring your own.

85
Unit 7 Survival

Word formation: Adverbs c on their own at the beginning of a

clause or sentence.
1 Read the spelling rules and complete the 8 ............ ......... (incredible), Shackleton and
gaps with the correct adverb form. The all those who'd sailed on the Endurance
first one has been done for you. lived to tell the tale.
a Many adverbs are formed by adding ly to 9 And ..................... (remark), so did all five
the corresponding adjective. members of the Robertson family and a
friend .. .
slow ~-~9.W.~,l:j .... ... .
10 ..................... (surprise), though, what my
patient ..... ... .... ... .... .. careful ................ .... . 12-year-old boy found most interesting
If the adjective ends in ll, add only y to was the display of navigation
form the adverb. equipment.
full......... ............ dull .................... .
b Check your answers in the listening
b For adjectives ending in a consonant+ script on page 00.
le, omit thee and add y.
reasonable ... .... ... .... ... ... . gentle .................... . 3 In each extract b elow, two of the adverbs
have been spelt incorrectly. Correct the
Omit the final e and add ly in these two
mistakes.
cases:
true ... ... ... .... ... .... . whole .................... . 1 The President has publicly thanked the
surgeons who successfuly removed the bullet
In all other cases, the final e is kept. from his back after last month's failed
immediate ... .......... .... ... . brave .................... . assassination attempt. "I am truly grateful to Dr
c For adjectives ending in y, change they Korben and his team for saving my life," said Mr
to i and add ly. Tobang, who is recovering slowly but steadi ly in
hospital. He added that he felt "extremly lucky"
happy .... .... ... .... ... ... noisy ..... .. ............. .
to have survived.
d It is usually necessary to add ally to
adjectives ending in ic. 2 The Iberian lynx is a criticly endangered
species of cat native to the Iberian Peninsula in
automatic ................... scientific ............ ...... . Southern Europe. There are estimated to be only
A common excep tion to this is: two hundred or so lynx surviving in the wild.
public .................... . Fortunately, though, its numbers are slowly
recovering; the lynx's habitat is now fully
2 a Complete each gap in these sentences protected and it can no longer be legally hunted.
from the listening on page 156 with the lnitialy, its decline was due to diseases like
adverb form of the words in brackets. The myxomatosis, which seriously affected the rabbit
first one has been done for you. population, the lynx's most important prey. More
Adverbs can be used: recently, however, urban development, road
a with verbs. deaths, poisoning and hunting have been to
blame.
1 ... you ....r.~0.~~,':j ...... (real) must go along
and see it
2 And did everyone get back .................... .
(safe)?
3 They were ..................... (eventual) picked
up 300 miles west of Costa Rica.
4 Some sections ..................... (specific)
cater for kids.
b with adjectives.
5 This year's exhibition ... promises to be
just as successful as last year's
..................... (enormous) popular 3 Personally, I don't think cinemas can survive
Surf's Up event. much longer. We rarely go these days - it 's so
6 I would be ..................... (extreme) incredibely expensive with two children, so we
foolish even to think of doing it! normally wait for films to come out on DVD.
7 It all sounds ..................... (absolute) When we do go, there's hardly anyone else
fascinating, John. there, so there's absolutely no atmosphere at all
and we almost wish we'd stayed at home. Not
surprisingally, the one near us closed last week.

8
 Unit 7 Survival

FCE Writing Part 2: Reports

1 In Part 2 of the Writing paper one of the A group of foreign students is going to be
options might be to write a report, for staying in your town for a fortnight this
which you will be expected to give factual summer. The group leader has asked you to
information and make suggestions or write a report suggesting ways in which the
recommendations. students might spend their free time in

0 Read the following Part 2 task. Which

places would you recommend in your town
your town without having to spend much
money. Give advice on cheap places to go
for entertainment and say why you think
and why? they would be suitable for the students.

2 Read the answer below and write these paragraph headings on the appropriate lines.
Tltle s.ea ~s. free c;o~V\,g da 11\,C~V\,g 1 11\,door water full\,
I 11\,troduchoj/\, COV\,CLUS.~OV\,

CoVl.A.:ptoll\,: .survi.vi.ll\,g Oil\, a Low budget IAII\,d V\avi.ll\,g full\,

1
Tltle Cl~Vl.A.. of tltl~s. report ~s. to s.ugges.t tl-1~11\,gs. to do ~11\, CoVl.A..ptoj/\, wltl~cl-1 do 11\,0t ~11\,voLve
s.pej/\,d~V\,g a great deaL of 11\A..OV\,e!j .
2
CoVl.A..ptoj/\, ~s. 11\,oted for ~ts. Large 11\,UV\A..ber of d~s.cotltleques., ~11\,cLud~j/\,g 11\A..Clil\,i::J wltl~cl-1 are
s.pec~ft-caLLtJ ClLVl.A..ed at uj/\,der-H7s., s.o are LdwLLtJ s.uLted to !jOur !jOUV\,ger group 11\A. eVl.A..bers. .
Mos.t towj/\, cej/\,tre dLs.cotltleques. are 11\,0t cltlwp s.o 1 wouLd advLs.e s.tudej/\,ts. to go to tltlos.e Oil\,
tltle s.eafroil\,t, wltlere adVl.A..Ls.s.Loj/\, Ls. LV\,expej/\,s.~ve /AV\,d drLV\,R-s. are affordabLtJ prLced.
3
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appeaL to ever!j age group, s.ucl-1 as. criAZ!::J goLf, tr1AV1.A..poLLj/\,es. /AV\,d evej/\, bu j/\,geejuV1.A..pLV\,g,
/AV\,d prLces. are reas.oj/\,abLe .
4
1 wouLd aLs.o recoVl.A..Vl.A..eV\,d a vLs.Lt to tltl e LV\,door A qua 'ParR-, wltlLcl-1 ltl as. two wave pooLs.
/AV\,d s.everaL water s.LLdes.. It Ls. ltlLgltlL!j popuLar wLtl-1 i::JOUV\,g peopLe /AV\,d tltlere are gej/\,erous.
s.tudej/\,t dLS.COUV\,tS. .
5
It ~s. cLear tltlat !jOur s.tudej/\,ts. wLLL be abLe to ev0otJ tltleVl.A..s.eLves. LV\, CoVl.A..ptoj/\, wLtltlout ltlavLV\,g
to s.pej/\,d a fortuil\,e .

3 Who is the report written for and has the 5 Apart from price, what other reasons does
writer used a formal or informal style? the writer give for recommending the
different places to the students?
4 Find examples in the model of:
6 Read the Help box on page 132 before you
a words and phrases showing the amount do the following task.
or number of people/things. A group of foreign students is going to be
e.g. a great deal ofmoney staying in your area for a fortnight this
summer. You have been asked to write a
b words and phrases for describing price. report for the group leader about eating out
e.g. town centre discotheques are not cheap both cheaply and h ealthily. Give advice on
the best places for the students to eat
c phrases for making recommendations. healthy food in your area without having to
e.g. I would advise students to go to those on spend a lot of money, and say why you
the seafront would recommend them.
Write your report in 120-180 words.

87
 FCE Use of English Part 4: Transformations
-------~~----------

For questions 1-8, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the
first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use
between two and five words, including the word given.
1 In my opinion, they ought not to build the new airport so close to the town.
SHOULD
I don't think ......................................................... the new airport so close to the town.
2 Sarah wasn't allowed to go to the rock fes tival.
LET
Sarah's parents ............... ............. ............................. to the rock festival.
3 You ought to leave now or you'll miss the bus.
BETTER
You ................ ....... ....... ........................... now or you'll miss the bus.
4 Ryan had to tidy his room before his mother gave him his pocket money.
MADE
Ryan's mother ...... ...... ... .......................................... his room before she gave him his pocket
money.
5 You don't need to phone John about the party because I emailed him yesterday.
YOU
There's ..................................... .................... phone John about the party because I emailed him
yesterday.
6 Why can't we wear make-up to school?
ALLOWED
Why ............... ........... ... ............. ............... wear make-up to school?
7 Thank you for the flowers but it wasn't necessary to buy them for me.
HAVE
Thank you for the flowers, but you ......................................................... them for me.
8 Candidates are not allowed to remove question papers from the examination room.
MUST
Question papers ......................................................... by candidates from the examination
room.

Vocabulary
Complete each gap with the correct preposition.
1 John insisted .......... paying .......... the drinks.
2 My dad apologized .......... shouting .......... me.
3 We're saving up .......... a new car, so I've been putting in some extra hours .. ........ work.
4 When I complained to the neighbours .......... the noise, they just laughed .......... me.
5 The panda is ..... ..... danger of extinction and is on the World Conservation Union's Red List,
which identifies all animals, birds and plants which are .......... risk.
6 I've been staring .......... this poem for ages - I'll never be able to learn it .......... heart!
7 .......... theory we should win this match, but what happens ...... .... practice is another matter
entirely.
8 Listen .......... the recording again and concentrate .......... finding the answers you missed the
first time.

88
 Review

Language focus
Complete each gap with one word.
1 If .............. student in the school gave us one euro, think how .............. money we'd raise!
2 I'm really stressed: I've got so .............. things to do, but very .......... .... time to do them.
3 A rath er disappointing exam: you made quite a .............. mistakes in Part 1 and you had
very ........ ...... correct answers in Part 2.
4 I've got .............. of paper: I can give you a .............. of sheets. Will two be enough?
5 We've received a large .............. of emails from customers congratulating us on the speed of
our service and there haven' t been .............. complaints - none at all.
6 I've got .............. good news; yo u'll be pleased to hear there's ............ .. homework tonight.

FCE Use of English Part: Word formation

For q u estions 1- 10, read the text b elow. Use th e word given in cap itals a t th e end o f some of
th e lines to form a word that fits in th e gap in the same line. T h ere is an example (0).

Book Review
Perhaps the best non-fiction book I have read (0) ~~.9.-.!?..I;:I.T.\.:-Y is RECENT
Touching the Void by Joe Simpson. It is a (1) .................... remarkable TRUE
tale of courage and (2) .................... in extreme conditions, and 1s SURVIVE
(3) .................... well written. EXCEPTION
The author describes in chilling detail what happened in 1985 on
a mountaineering expedition in the Peruvian Andes after he and his
friend Simon Yates had (4) ....... ............. climbed the previously SUCCEED
unconquered West Face of Siula Grande. During their descent from
the summit, the weather changed (5) .................... and, blinded by DRAMA
snowstorms, Simpson fell badly and broke his leg. (6) .................... ABLE
to walk, he had to be lowered by Ya tes down the mountain using
their rope. -

Disaster struck again when Simpson was left hanging (7) .................... DANGER Help '
I
over a precipice and could not communicate his situation to his
climbing partner. Yates made the only (8) ..... ............... available to DECIDE • For information on
him and cut the rope, sending Simpson plunging into a deep crevasse. writing reviews see
page 38 in Unit 3
(9) .................... , Simpson managed to crawl his way out of it and then AMAZE and page 144 in the
back to camp, where he met up again with Yates. Writing Bank. You
I have no (10) .................... in recommending this book to anyone who HESITATE can structure your
likes real-life adventure stories. Even though you know the author will review like the one
on this page.
survive, it holds your attention from start to finish.
• For information on
writing stories see
FCE Writing Part 2 page 56 in Unit 5
and page 145 in the
Write an answer to one of th e following Part 2 tasks in 120- 180 wo rd s in an appropria te style. Writing Bank.
1 You see this announcement in your school English-language magazine. Write a review. • Include some
R.evLews 11\,eeo!eo!! adverbs in your
review or story.
HC!Ve (jOLA rwol C!V\-!:j gooo! V\-OV~--ft-ctLoV~- booR.s or seeV~- C!V~-!:j ~V~-terestLV~-g ft-LVVLs bC!seol OV~­
tn-<.e-L~fe eveV~-ts receV~-tL!:j? If so, wr~te LAS C! rev~ew for tltle scltlooL VVLC!gC!z~V~-e teLL~V~-g LAS
wltlC!t ~t ~s C!boLAt, wltl!:j (jOLA eV~-jo!jeo! ~t C!V~-o! wltlo (jOLA wwLo! recoVVLVVLeV~-o!eo! ~t to.

2 Your teacher has asked you to write a story. Your story must end with the words:
It had been a difficult experience, but I had survived.

89
 Vocabulary: Memory
1 0 Discuss the following questions with your partner.
1 How easy do you find it to remember names and faces?
2 Do you have a good memory for facts and figures?

2 a Study the pictures for one minute. Then cover them up and write down what you can
remember from them.

b 0 Compare what you have written with your partner. Tell each other about any
techniques you used to remember the information.

3 Underline the correct word in italics. Which images are the people talking about?
1 I saw it last year when it first came out. The story is forgetful/ unforgettable.
You'll love it!
2 When we get tests Jan usually memorizes/ reminds long lists of equations and rules but
that doesn' t work for me.
3 I envy people who have a photographic/photographed memory. Passing exams is no
problem for them!
4 I can remember songs from twenty years ago! If you repeat something often enough it
goes into your long/past term memory.
5 Looking at these brings/ takes back memories of a wonderful holiday. We had such a
good time that summer.
6 I sometimes break long numbers down into three or four small groups, or 'chunks' of
numbers, and that makes them more memorable/ remembered.
7 Can you write down of/from memory ten people's phone numbers?
4 0 Tell your partner about 1-5 below.
1 A memorable event during your last holiday.
-------.., An unforgettable film you've seen.
Someone you know who is quite forgetful.
4 Some things you regularly memorize.
5 A song which brings back memories of something or someone.

)(\..( x - t)-- )( :z -><

THE REVENGE
OF THE
REBEL
0
 Unit 8 Strengt 11

FCE Listening Part 4: Multiple

choice

1 You will hear part of a radio interview

about memory. Look at the picture. What
do you think the connection is with
memory?
2 @ 2 .19 Listen to the interview. For
questions 1-7, choose the best answers,
(A, Bore).
1 What is the interviewer's memory like?
A It's usually extremely good.
B It used to be better.
C It's improving with practice.
2 How did Roberta remember the
appointment?
A She kept it in her head because it was
interesting.
B She kept a record of it.
3 0 Work in pairs. Look at this list of
things you have to buy. Make a
C She needed to be reminded memorable picture in your head involving
all the items. Describe it to your partner.
3 Roberta says that one way to remember
Are your pictures very different?
something is
A to create an unusual mental image of
it.
B to make an amusing sentence about
it.
C to relax and think about something
else.
4 According to Roberta, actors often learn
their lines
A immediately after rehearsals .
B by repeating them.
C extremely quickly.
5 When he was younger, the presenter says
A he did well because of his
photographic memory.
4 0 Discuss these questions with your
partner.
B he always wanted a photographic 1 Do you think having a good memory is
memory. the same as being intelligent?
C he was irritated by someone else's 2 What's a good way to improve your
photographic memory. memory?
6 What did the chimps have to do? 3 Do you think some animals are as
A type their name on the computer. intelligent as human beings?
B do mathematical problems.
C remember missing numbers.
7 What does Roberta think might be true?
A Only chimps have a photographic
memory.
B A photographic memory is more
common in young people.
C A photographic memory stays with
you for life.

91
~-j· uinit 8 Strength of mind

Vocabulary: Expressions with mind

1 Sentences 1-7 all contain an expression with mind. Match each sentence to a follow up
sentence (a-g).
1 Finishing that work is a real weight o££ a I won't even consider going anywhere
my mind. else.
2 I've set my mind on studying in Paris. b There was a long pause and then she
3 I don' t mind walking to school. asked me another question.
4 I tried to take my mind offthe exam c It only takes twenty minutes and it's
last night. good exercise for me.
5 I meant to phone Ronnie last night but d I'd been worrying for days about getting
it completely slipped my mind. it done on time.
6 One thing I have to bear in mind when e I'll text him later on.
writing my answer is the target reader. f I watched a really good film and relaxed,
7 When the examiner asked me a question which is what I needed.
my mind went blank. g This determines whether I need to use a
formal or an informal style.

2 Match the highlighted phrases in italics in exercise 1 to their meanings a-g below.
a I forgot it b remember and consider c a relief d I'm determined to
e I couldn' t remember anything f it's not a problem for me g stop thinking about

3 Write three sentences which are true for you, using the expressions in italics in exercise 1.
Compare your sentences with your partner's.
Example:
I've set my mind on buying a Ferrari when I'm older!

FCE Speaking Part 2: Talking about photos

1 Look at the photographs 1 and 2. They show people who are remembering different things.
Useful Student A: Compare the photographs and say what sort of things you think the people are
language remembering.

W en talking about Student B: When your partner has finished, answer the following question.
he w people may be
fe eling:
How do you think the people are feeling?

• use adjectives like: 2 In Part 2 of the Speaking paper you are sometimes asked to say how the people might be
ho ''PY/ depressed/ angryI feeling.
tir, dj boredj exhausted
en husiasticj worried/
Work in pairs. Take turns to find photographs with people in them in previous units in
fe•• -up
this book. Ask each other the question:

• use words like: a How do you think he/she is feeling?

bit 'quite/ really/ very/
extremely with the
When answering, u se the useful language in the box.
adJeCti ves. 3 Now change roles. Turn to page 132 and follow the instructions.
• use patterns like:
4 a With a partner, take turns to explain which of the alternatives in each of these pairs you
Tirey look really happy. would prefer and why.
I tl•ink they must be
be a pilot/ businessman or woman go on a beach holiday/ activity holiday
qu.te tired. They look
as if they're concentrating go skiing/ work out in a gym have a meal in a restaurant/ picnic in a forest
hard.
b Write three more pairs of alternatives for your partner to talk about.

2
 Unit 8 Strength of mind

a Three men have been arrested in

Language focus: connection with the theft of the
The passive painting.
b Dogs must be kept under control at all
1 These are comments made by people in the times in this park.
photographs on page 92 and 132. Decide c Photographic memory is also known as
which of the four photographs the speaker eidetic memory, from the Greek eidos
is from. meaning 'form' or 's hape'.
a I don 't remember this one being taken! d The vase was probably made in Italy in
b End ofyear exams are always held in the the sixteenth or seventeenth century.
sports hall. The gold rings were made in Roman
times.
c The ruins were discovered 200 years ago.
d I have often been asked how I learned the Read more about the passive in the
names ofall the roads in this enormous city!
Grammar Reference.
e We had to stay in our seats until all the papers
had been handed in. 5 Rewrite sentences 1-6 using the passive.
f These should definitely be stored somewhere Begin with the word(s) in brackets and
safe - we don't want to lose them. omit the agent if it is not needed.
g The results will be posted to us on 16th May. 1 Dominic O'Brien wrote How to Develop
a Perfect Memory in 1993. (How to
h Some people want to be taken all round
Develop a Perfect Memory)
London. That's good money!
2 People will still remember this artist's
i We are being supervised by Miss Langton.
work in two hundred years from now.
2 Underline the passive forms in the (This artist's work)
comments in exercise 1. Then write the 3 The teacher was giving us a vocabulary
words you have underlined in the list test when the fire alarm went off. (We)
below. The first one has been done for 4 My neighbour has asked me not to play
you. my music too loud. (I)
Present simple: ........................................................ . 5 They regularly hold memory
Present continuous: ............................................... . competitions all round the world.
Present perfect: ........................................................ (Memory competitions)
Past simple: .................................................... .......... . 6 You must switch off mobile phones
before entering the classroom.
Past perfect: ............................................................. . (Mobile phones)
Future simple: ............................ ............................. .
Gerund: .......~.(~~6.t0.~.~ -~...................................... . 6 Rewrite the following notice using the
passive and omitting the agents where
Infinitive with to: ..... .............................................. . appropriate.
Infinitive without to: ............................................ .

3 Complete these sentences about the Notice for Teachers

passive. We have found an expensive laptop in the
To form the passive, we use the correct sports hall. A cleaner discovered it early this
tense of the verb ............ and the ........... . morning and someone must have left it there
participle. To talk about the agent (the
person or thing doing the action) in a after yesterday's exam. At the moment we
passive construction we use the preposition are keeping it in the head teacher's office. We
shall put a notice about the laptop on the
main school noticeboard asking the owner to
4 Reasons 1-4 below explain why the agent
is often not mentioned in sentences go to the head teacher, and teachers should
containing the passive. Match each reason tell students in all classes about it. Teachers
to a sentence a-d. should also remind students that we do not
1 to avoid the use of'you' in official permit laptops in exam rooms. When we
notices know the name of the owner we shall
2 it is obvious who or what the agent is confiscate the laptop for a period of one
3 the agent is unknown or unimportant month.
4 the agent is 'people in general'

93
. UJnit 8 Strength of mind
a,,.
~ '

FCE Writing Part 1: Letter

1 0 Read the following Part 1 task. With a partner, discuss the points you have to write
about and note down what you would include in the letter to Frank.
Yo u r friend Frank is acting in a college play. Read the extract from Frank's letter, th e fl ier he
has sent you and your no tes. T h en write a letter to Frank usin g all your n o tes. Write 120-150
words.

J: m sliaft'l"'arc's

H.. MLET
C ty 'Theatre

14th,@ 6tli :June

Do wr~te sooll\,!
Not welL
F rCIV\,R - SC!tj WVltj

2 a Read this model answer and check if any of the ideas you wrote down for exercise 1 a re
included.

De01.v Fv01.\\\<:.,
It- W<'\S ve.,..lly \\ice t-o 1--.e.,..v .PvoiA-\ yo!.\ <".\\~ C<".t-c!.-. lhp O\\ yol.\v \\ews. \I--.e pl01.y SOI.\\\~S ~ve01.t- - I~
love t-o coiA-\e <".\\~ see yo!.\! We~\\es~ ....y IS't-1.-. loo\<:.s t-1.-.e best- ~ ....y .Pov ""'e. By t-1.-.e w01.y, wl.-.ic!.-.
p01.vt- 01.ve yo!.\ pl01.yi\\~? 'fol.\ ~i~\\'t- S01.y.
I CO\\\ 1.\\\~evst-.... \\~ t-1.-.e pvoble""'s yo!.\ IA-\1.\St- be !,...,..vi\\~ wit-!.-. t-1.-.e li\\eS. I 1.\Sl.\<'l.lly -tl\\~ t-1.-.e best-
w....y is jlhst- t-o \<:.eep vepe....t-i\\~ t-1.-.e""' ovev <".\\~ ovev 0\~<'l.i\\, eve\\ w!.-.e\\ I'""' Ol.\t- w.,..l\<:.i\\~ ov O\\
t-1.-.e h01.i\\!
I 1--.....ve\\'t- ~o\\e 01.\\y 01.Ch\\~ .Pov.,.. lo\\~ t-i""'e \\Ow bec<'l.l.\Se colle~e is t-oo blhsy. I've ~ot-t-o ve- sit-
""'Y e)C<'I.IA-\S - t-1.-.e O\\es yo!.\ 01.S\<:.e~ <".bOl.\t-. I ~i~ t-evvibly! As soo\\ 01.S I loo\<:.e~ 01.t- t-1.-.e p01.pev ""'Y
IA-\i\\~ j lhst- we\\t- COIA-\plet-ely bl ....\\\<:.. I !.-.ope t-1--. ....t- ~OeS\\ t- 1--. .... ppe\\ w!.-.e\\ yol.\'ve 0\\ st-....~e!
1

G oo~ 11.\c\<:. <".\\~ see yo!.\ O\\ t-1.-.e I '>t-1--..

Best- wis!.-.es

b Is Lara's letter written in an a ppropriate style. Give examples to justify your answer.
3 Underline the linking words and phra ses in the model answer.
e.g. It was really nice to hear from you and catch up on your news.
4 Write a n answer to the following Part 1 task.
Your friend, Tony, has to give an acceptance speech at a di nner. Read Tony's letter, th e
invitation and you r notes on page 95. T hen write a letter to Tony using all your notes.
Write 120-150 words.

94
 Unit 8 Strengt tii

PRIZE
I,)vc .Jot some news. You Know that short tilm I CoV\,grCltiA.LClte ltl~vv..
G IVING D INNER
=.->'"":) made .for the c.ollc.Je competition? Well - I won! ~
The only problem is I have to maKe a specc.h at the
SEPTEMBER
c.eremony when I ac.c.ept the prize. My memory is
25TH terrible and thcre)s no way J?m .JOin.J to remember a
8PMAT
THE REGAL HOTEL whole speec.h! Do you thinK it)s OK to usc notes, or
any s~cstions on how I c.an remember it? Yojre
really .Jood at that sort o.f thin.J. Did~ S~Agg e st ...
Remember! prize last year .for a paintin.J? -------...::::...._ _ __
) yes - g~ve dete~~Ls
Also - there s a spec.ia\ dinner .for the prize .Jivin_j and
I wondered i-f you)d liKe to c.omc. I,)m enc.losin.J an
• Begin by referring to the letter you have
received. invitation with date and timc~s~.JI~t~w;;o;;u~ld'D0~~-;+:.._j__ No - v1, eCC!IA.Se ...
you c.ould be there.
• Address and develop all the points in the notes.
Let me Know as soon as you c.an,
• Use an informal style throughout the letter.
Best wishes
• Include a variety of linking words.
Tony
• Make a suitab le closing comment.

Vocabulary: Arts and culture

1 a For each of the words below, write down 6 classical FZZ lyrics hip hop
the first example you think of. 7 playwright composer poet
sculpture
a novel a poem a play
a painting a ballet an opera 8 comtc graphic novel stage
cartoon
Example:
a novel Pride and Prejudice
3 0 Work in pairs. Take turns to choose
one of the words from exercise 2 and
b 0 Compare your answers in small
groups. Explain why you think you chose
describe it to your partner, without saying R,• ...._......,...
the word. Your partner must guess which
word you have chosen.
these examples.
Examp le:
Examp le:
It's a person who dances classical ballet ...
I probably chose this novel because it brings back
memories ofmy holiday last year, when I read it. 4 a Complete each gap with a word from
exercise 2.
2 For each group of words, underline the
one that doesn't fit. Give reasons for your 1 I've never acted on ........... before. I think
choices. The first one has been done for I'd be too nervous!
you. 2 When I buy a book I usually go for a
1 biography paperback soap opera ........... because I know other people have
best-seller enjoyed it.
You watch a soap opera on television: the other 3 Some people think that ........... is
three are things you read. vandalism but I don't. I think it
brightens up dull areas.
2 studio gallery concert hall
performance 4 I prefer to listen to music in small
venues rather than in a great big ........ ... .
3 cast choir ballerina orchestra
5 I can remember the .... ....... to songs I
4 exhibition abstract graffiti listened to when I was really young.
portrait
5 novelist mustoan instrument b 0 Are these sentences true for you?
Explain why/why not.
choreographer

95
Unit 8 Strength of mind

FCE Reading Part 1: Multiple choice

1 0 Work in sm all groups.

aggress1ve attention-seeking
If you enjoy playing video games, tell your
group which ones you play and why you modest moody placid
like playing them? polite rebellious respectful
timid
If you do not enjoy playing video games, tell
your group why not.
3 The man in the photo is Shigeru
2 0 Look a t the m an in the photo. Which
of the followin g a djectives do yo u th ink
Miyamoto, a Japa n ese d esign er of video
games. Read the text ab o u t Shigeru
might describe h is p erso nality? Miyamoto quite quickly and check you r
id eas fo r exercise 2 .

The brains behind the games

Shigeru Miyamoto was in London to collect his days when video games were the unique
Bafta Fellowship, the British Academy of Film preserve of teens in darkened bedrooms.
and Television Arts, lifetime achievement award. So what does he make of the more violent end
His name now sits proudly alongside the likes of of video games? His respectful nature, it seems,
Alfred Hitchcock, Stanley Kubrick and Woody stretches even to peers who incorporate
Allen as a master of the arts. aggression into their gaming narrative. "When it
Shigeru Miyamoto is the most successful artist of comes to the question of how each designer
the last 50 years. He has single-handedly laid the creates their games, I don ' t think we should
foundations for the world's largest entertainment intervene in how they express themselves," he
industry. Sales of his video games, from Super says. "However, our marketing people must be
Mario Bros to Wii Sports, have topped an very careful as to how they promote which types
incredible 500 million, and show no signs of of products to which audiences, especially
slowing down. Miyamoto, who joined Nintendo children."
in 1977, has created eight of the top-10-selling All of today's hottest developers cite Miyamoto
video games of all time. His latest smash , Wii as an inspiration. But growing up in the
Fit, has sold 23 million copies, becoming the mountainous Kyoto, and with no video game
second biggest-selling game in history. It 's made industry in existence, how was Miyamoto
video games a daily part of life for a huge himself inspired? Was his childhood a happy
demographic of people who previously one? The great man silently shuts both eyes and
dismissed them as child's play. compresses them tightly with his index fingers,
Yet over and above his phenomenal sales simultaneously pulling in his legs. Miyamoto is
success, what really sets Miyamoto apart from visualising his yo uth. Ten seconds later, he
anyone else in any creative field is his marrying blinks, catches my eye, and a smile reaches his
of genius with astonishing modesty. He cuts an lips.
unimposing, diminutive figure, sitting obediently "I have often taken inspiration from my
in his chair. A Beatles T-shirt and moptop haircut childhood memories," he reveals. "It was a
are the only signs of cultural rebellion, smoothed happy time for me, even though I had less
at the edges by a quiet reverence and politeness. around me in terms of material prosperity than
It 's immediately apparent that unlike many of others, certainly far less than children today.
the Bafta Fellows to whose club he now rightly Wealthy families tended to have a lot of stuff,
belongs, impassioned tantrums and theatrical while all the others of us had a scarcity when it
outbursts are not his style. came to toys. But because of that, I used to
Neither, as it turns out, are the glitz and glamour make toys fo r myself with my ow n hands. A lot
to which some may suggest he is entitled. "''m of the enco un ters and experiences I had and my
not envious of the attention of movie stars. I conversations with other children still influence
line 36 enjoy not being recognised," he says. "It allows the way I make games today."
me to get on with my life. All I want is to be The next evening, Miyamoto excitedly skips along
recognised through my work. It 's funny - in the red carpet of the Park Lane Hilton Hotel
America and the UK, they say I'm famous in before collecting his Bafta Fellowship . A huge
Japan. In Japan, they say I'm famous in America smile doesn't leave his face all evening. It no
and the UK." Miyamoto 's placid temperament doubt masks a desire to escape the limelight he's
and genial timidity form a perfect fit with the reluctant to embrace; to return home to his wife,
universally loveable nature of his work. two children and his true out-of-work passion,
Miyamoto has never produced a title that wasn't playing and appreciating bluegrass music.
suitable for families to play togeth er, even in the
96
4 Match the highlighted nouns in the text 5 What does Miyamoto say about violence
to their meanings in this context a-h. in video games?
a an activity only one type of person does A He believes it should be illegal to sell
b a strong feeling of respect and gam es with violence to children.
admirati on for someone or something B He recognizes the right of designers
c the situation in which there is not very to include violence if they wish.
much of something C He criticizes co mpanies which
d something that is extremely successful advertise games with violent content.
e public attention and interest D He admires designers who can create
stories that contain no violence.
f sudden short periods of unreasonab le
childish anger 6 When the writer asks the artist about his
inspiration, Miyamoto
g a group of people that a company wants
to sell its products to A pauses to reflect on the past.
h the state of being rich and successful B finds the question amusing.
C demonstrates his tiredness.
5 Read the article again. For questions 1-8, D is reluctant to answer.
choose the answer (A, B, C or D) which
you think fits b es t according to the text. 7 What do we learn about Miyamoto's
childhood?
1 What does the writer say in the first A He did not like the commercially
paragraph about the games Miyamoto available toys.
has created?
B His family could not afford to buy
A Sales figures have been exaggerated. him many toys.
B It looks as if they will continue to sell C He did not form friendships easily
well. with other children .
C They are more popular with children D He did not have many o ther children
than adults. to play with.
D The majority of people do not take 8 The writer suggests that on the evening
them seriously. that Miyamoto receives his Bafta
2 According to the writer, Miyamoto's Fellows hip the artist
personality A has secret thoughts of changing his
A can be irritating to those meeting career.
him for the first time. B dislikes the physical contact at the
B has led the artist to feel isolated ceremony.
within his profession. C questions wheth er he deserves the
C is unusual for someone so talented award.
working in the arts. D would be happier if he were
D has caused him to reject some of his somewhere else.
fellow artists.
3 What does 'It' in line 36 refer to?
6 a Imagine you had to design a video game
which reflected your personality and your
A Miyamoto's fame interests. Decide what type of game you
B the attention of movie stars would design. Make brief notes of the
C people's failure to recognise general idea for your game.
Miyamoto
D Miyamoto's enjoyment of his work
b 0 Share your ideas with other students
in the class. Explain in what ways the
4 When talking about the artist's work in game reflects your personality and your
paragraph 3, the writer suggests that. interests.
A Miyamoto's love of nature is
incorporated into many of his games.
B Miyamoto's games are more suited to
individuals than families.
C Miyamoto's early work was designed
specifically for teenagers.
D Miyamoto's personality is reflected in
the games he creates.

97
lll~.V !jt it i8 Strength of mind

Language focus: Passive of reporting verbs

Some reporting verbs can be used with 2 The human brain is thought to be
passive constru ctions to introduce getting bigger.
generalized opinions and facts. 3 Memory is said to improve the more
It+ passive+ that clause often we use it.
It is said that Miyamoto dislikes being in the a continuous infinitive ........................ .
limelight. b simple infinitive .............. ... ....... .
Subject+ passive + infinitive c perfect infinitive ........................ .
Miyamoto is said to dislike being in the 2 Rewrite sentences 1-3 using It+ passive+
limelight. that clause.
It is known that Alfred Hitchcock ...
Underline the infinitives in sentences 1-3
below and then write each one on the Read more about the passive of
appropriate line in a-c. reporting verbs in the Grammar
1 Alfred Hitchcock is known to have Reference. Then do the exercises on
appeared in most of his films. page 132.

Vocabulary: The senses

1 0 Discuss these questions in pairs. 4 My cat loves being squeezed/ stroked the
'wrong way' from her tail to her head.
1 Which senses do the pictures show?
2 Do certain sounds, smells or tastes 5 In some cultures it's quite rude to smell/
make you remember things from the sniff when you have a cold.
past? 6 Don't whisper/yell at me. It hurts my
3 Name one sound, taste, smell, texture ears!
and view that you like and one that you 7 Igazedjglimpsed at the view in wonder for
don' t like. half an hour because it was so beautiful.
2 Underline the correct word in italics. 8 Katy scratched/ rubbed her eyes because she
was very tired after watching the late film .
1 Several people stopped and stared/
glanced open-mouthed at the strange 3 Write gapped sentences for four words
man with the bright green hair. you did not use in Exercise 2. Give your
2 Quite by accident I eavesdropped/ sentences to your partner to complete.
overheard our teachers talking about a Example:
possible trip to the city museum.
As I drove past Greg's house I ........... ....... .... .. .
3 Sweets that you suck/ swallow aren' t good someone at the window. [Answer: g L~vVI:ps.eci]
for your teeth because they stay in the
mouth for a long time.

FCE Listening Part 3: Multiple matching

@ 2.20- 2.24 You will hear five different people speaking about experiences involving
the senses. For questions 1-5, choose from the list (A-F) what each speaker says. Use the
letters only once. There is one extra letter which you do not need to use.
A I was expecting something more straightforward. Speaker 1 CEJ
B I enjoyed the experience much more the second time. Speaker 2 LJ}]
C I was continually distracted.
Speaker 3 []I]
D I wasn't very enthusiastic before the experience.
E I had to concentrate on one sense. Speaker 4 C0
F I didn' t have the same reaction as someone else did. Speaker 5 CIIJ

2 0
to
Rank the speakers' five experiences from the one you would enjoy doing the most (1)
the one you would enjoy the least (5). Then tell your partner, giving reasons for your
choices. Use some of the language for expressing preferences in the Useful language box
on page 132.

98
 ~..,....·~~-,. ..o:::- ~ .. -_ ,,._.......... ~

Unit 8 Strength ~91..Jnind~

FCE Writing Part 2: Essay

1 0 Read the following Part 2 task and

discuss questions 1 and 2.
1 What do people mean by 'sixth sense?'
2 Do you agree or disagree that people
Your teacher has asked you to write an essay have a sixth sense? Give reasons for your
with the title: views.
Do you believe that people really have a sixth
sense? 2 Read the model answer below. Does the
writer mention any of the points you
Write your essay in 120-180 words. discussed in exercise 1?

Do !:::JOIA. beL~eve tf-lat -peo-pLe rwLL!:::J f-lave lA s.~xtf-1 s.ell'vs.e?

Peo-pLe f-lave IALWIA!:::JS. beell'v fas.c~V'viAteo! bt::J tf-le briA~V'v IAV'vo! ~ts. -powers. . Do we f-lave lA s.-pec~aL
-power tf-lat Lets. IA.S. ~V'vOW wf-lat otf-ler -peo-pLe are tf-l~V'v~~V'vg or eV'viAbLes. IA.S. to Loo~ ~V'vto tf-le
fiA.tiA.re? Is. tf-lere reaLL!:::J lA 's.~xtf-1 s.ell'vs.e'?
To S.iA.-p-port tf-le ~olea, -peo-pLe g~ve tf-le exa VVt-pLe of tw~V'vs. wf-lo oftell'v coVVtVVtiA.V'v~Wte w~tf-lo~A.t
LIAV'vg~A.age. IV'v ao!o!~holl'v to tf-l~s., s.oVVte -peo-pLe f-lave -preo!~cteo! evell'vts. tf-lat act~A.IALL!:::J f-11A-p-pell'veo!.
OV'v lA -pers.oV'viAL LeveL, 1 ~V'vOW tf-liAt 1 f-liAVe oftell'v -pf-loll'veo! s.oVVteoV've IAt exiActL!:::J tf-le S.IAVVte hVVte
tf-liAt tf-le!:::J -pf-loll'veo! VVte .
However, VVtiA V'v!:::J -peo-pLe IAttr~b~A.te tf-les.e exiA VVt-pLes. to co~V'vc~o!ell'vce lA V'vo! ~V'vs.~s.t tf-lat tf-lere ~s. V'vO
reaL ev~o! e ll'vce . Tf-le!:::J beL~eve tf-liAt ~f we c/AV'vll'vot s.ee or VVteiAs.~A.re s.oVVtetf-l~V'vg, ~t does. V'vot ex~s.t.
Tf-le!:::J ~V'vs.~s.t tf-liAt tf-le -peo-pLe wf-lo S.IA!:::J tf-le!:::J WV'v o!o tf-les.e tf-l~V'vgs. !Are L!:::J~V'vg to VVtiA~e VVtoV've!:::J.
1~Agree tf-liAt tf-lere ~s. V'vO reiAL -proof b~A.t ~V'v VVt!:::J o-p~V'v~OV'v tf-lere !Are too VVtiAV'v!:::J eXIAVVt-pLes. to
~gll'vore . I, -pers.oll'viALL!:::J, beL~eve tf-liAt tf-lere ~s. lA s.~xtf-1 s.ell'vs.e IAV'vo! oll've o!IA!:::J we s.f-liALL IALL be ~AbLe to
IA.S.e ~t.

3 What is the purpose of each paragraph in There is an argument that ...

the essay in exercise 2? On balance, I think ...
Having looked at both sides, I feel that ...
Example:
Others argue that... Whereas ...
Paragraph 1: the writer introduces the My personal view is that ...
subject and defines what he/ she What is more, ...
understands by 'sixth sense. ' I know myself that ...
One point of view is that ...
4 In the model answer the writer presents
different points of view and concludes
with his/her own opinion. Underline 6 a Read the following Part 2 questions.
words and phrases in the essay that Your teacher has asked you to write an essay
introduce 1-5 below. with one of the following titles.
1 ideas which support one point of view 1 Most animals are intelligent.
2 ideas which support a contrasting point 2 All films should be made in 3D in the
of view future .
3 an additional point 3 A good memory is all you need to pass
4 an example from personal experience examinations.
5 a personal opinion 4 Young people today are not interested in
arts and culture.
5 Here are some more useful words and 5 Artists, actors and writers do not need
phrases. Add them to the appropriate training to be successful.
group in exercise 4.
On one hand ... b Write a list of points for and against the
From personal experience ... idea in the statement you chose to write
On the other hand ... about. Organize your points into
As well as this... Moreover ... paragraphs. Then write your answer in
Some people feel that ... 120-180 words.

99
 •
eve
FCE Use of English Part 4: Transformations
For q u es tions 1-~, co mplete th~ second sentence so that it has a sim ilar m ean in g to the
first senten ce, usm g th e word g1ven. Do not change the word given. Yo u must u se
between two and five words, includin g th e wo rd given .
1 The English teacher gave us the results.
GIVEN
We ........................... ... ...... ..................... the English teacher.
2 You should give me your homework by Friday afternoon.
TO
Your homework ......................................................... me by Friday afternoon.
3 Police are currently questioning a 30-year-old man in relation to the incident.
IS
A 30-year-old man ........................................ ................. in relation to the incident.
4 Leo has just taken the children to school.
DROPPED
The children ......................................................... at school by Leo.
5 People do not think the film will make a lot of money.
EXPECTED
The film ............................. ............................ a lot of money.
6 They know that the two Monet paintings are fakes ..
BE
The two Monet paintings .................. ........................... ............ fakes .
7 They think young people's hearing is getting worse because of too much loud music.
THOUGHT
Young people's hearing .................. ........................... ............ worse because of too much loud
mUSIC.

8 It is believed that the accident occurred after midnight.

HAVE
The accident ......................................................... place after midnight.

Vocabulary
Underlin e the co rrect word in italics in the follo wing sentences.
1 When the examiner asked me a question my mind gotj went blank.
2 My grandfather's long term/ time memory is still very good.
3 Our visit to the Paris opera was unmemorablej unforgettable- I loved it.
4 The play has an excellent cast/choir and it deserves a good review.
5 I only glanced/stared at the letter quickly and didn't read it carefully.
6 I invited Marie round to dinner to take her mind outj ojfh er problems at work.
7 The doctor said you need to swallow/stroke these tablets with water.
8 My cousin wants to be an actress; she loves being in th e lamplight/ limelight.
9 Dave's pops tar brother is very modest/vain about his success, and rarely talks about
himself.
10 Video games are no longer the reserve/ preserve of teenage boys; they are now played by
people of both sexes and of all ages.

100
Language focus
Rewrite these sentences using the p assive. Omit the agent when appropriate. Begin the
sentence with the words underlined.
1 Two members o f the paparazzi 5 They will make all films in 30 in the
photographed the celebrity as he was future.
leaving his house this morning. 6 They had chosen Pat to join the
2 You should take these tablets with food. orchestra so he was celebrating all night.
3 They say that memory gets worse with 7 The decorators must finish the
age. decorating before we go on holiday.
4 Television presenter Mervyn Bagg was 8 Most critics have given the play positive
interviewing the writer when the lights rev1ews.
sudd enly went out in the studio.

FCE Use of English Part 1: Multiple-choice doze

For questions 1-12, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, Cor D) best fits
each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0).
Memory Man
For a man carrying t he (0) ......... ....... of a nation on his - slightly hunched - shou ld ers, Ben
Pridmore, would-be World Memory Champion and (1) ................ holder of the British titl e, cuts a
rather laid-back figu re. Stepping over mountains of clothing in the living room ofhis min iscule
Derby Aat (he uses his wardrobe to (2) ................ his cartoon video collection) 30-year-old Ben
directs me towards the one chair not obscured by (3) ................ of papers or soft toys an d
(4) ................ that he is taking a break from 'training.' Each day when Ben returns home from his
job (5) ................ an accou ntant, he cooks dinner, watches The Simpsons a nd (6) ................ to an
hour and a half of memorising. With the competition fast approaching, he has been practising for
(7) ................ at the weeke nds . When he first (8} ................ the World Memory Championships
several years ago he had to commit to memory a lm ost 2,000 numbers in an hour and remember
the order of a (9) ................ of 52 cards in 26.28 seconds! This week's champ ionships (1 0) ............... .
often memory disciplines, most involving recounting a series of numbers over different lengths of
time , and a few word-based exercises. But what is most amazing about this man is that in spite of
his ability he also (11) ................ to being very forgetful! I often leave my briefcase and a ll my
papers at work!' He also has problems (12} ........ ........ which is his left and right hand an d recently
left his ' lucky' hat o n a train!
0 A decisions B goals C hopes D plans
1 A momentary B current c today D immediate
2 A store B support c save D maintain
3 A p1eces B piles c shelves D blocks
4 A tells B narrates c accounts D announces
5 A as B to c at D like
6 A catches up B settles down c runs down D puts off
7 A better B further c longer D greater
8 A earned B gained c won D elected
9 A pack B block c stock D chunk
10 A hold B include c make D consist
llA accep ts B admits c realizes D agrees
12 A memonsmg B remembering c reminding D retrieving

FC W "tin'"' -r 2: Report
Write an answer to the following question. Write 120- 180 words in an appropriate style.
Your teacher has asked you for a report on cultural activities in your local area. Write about
the range of cultural activities available and recommend the most interesting activities for
visitors to the area.
Write your report.

101
 NIT 9 A s ave to routi e
FCE Reading Part 1: Multiple choice

1 0 How do you usually feel when you wake up on a weekday?

What is your normal morning routine at home before you go to school, college or work? Are
things calm in your house in the morning or is everything done in a rush?
How do you normally get to school, college or work? How do you spend your time on the
journey?

2 0 The following text is an extract from a novel. The main characters are Polly, an
overworked single mother and immigration lawyer, and her two children Tania and
Robbie. Read the extract quite quickly. Then answer these questions with your partner.
Give reasons.
Do you recognize yourself or anyone you know in any of the characters?
Who do you think Iryna is?
'Wake up!' she calls, going into 'Outside this country, and also in it, 'I can't find my school tie,' Polly's
each child's room and switching on are millions and millions of people son complains. ' Iryna's hidden it.'
their lights. Now the hour-long who would kill to have what you 'Iryna!' Polly calls up the stairs. The
struggle begins. Tania slumbers on, do here,' she says. 'They are clever, girl is supposed to be down by now.
her skin covered with sweat as fantastically hard-working and they No answer, and Robbie will be
Polly kisses her, but Robbie stirs are all learning English. When you punished if he turns up without a
and burrows deeper into his duvet. grow up, you're going to be school tie. She races upstairs to fish
Polly notices with annoyance that competing with them for places at one out of the laundry basket,
Iryna has not put out his school university, and for jobs.' already nauseous with stress.
clothes for him. 'Yeah, yeah,' says Tania rudely. ' I hate you!' Tania screams. 'I'm
'You have to do this stuff,' said going to miss the school bus, and
'Time to get up, my angel.' Polly. 'If you don't get good marks, it's all your fault!'
' I hate school,' says Robbie, lashing you'll never go to university, and if Outside, Polly takes off like a
out as his mother pulls the duvet you don ' t go to university you'll rocket. They have only three
off him . end up flipping burgers and -' minutes as a margin of error, never
' I hate Mondays,' says Tania, in enough.
turn. 'And I hate you.' 'You mean if I don't read, I could 'Oh, damn and blast!' she says,
'Tough,' says Polly. 'Get dressed, or have all the burgers I could eat, trying to text Iryna at a traffic light.
you'll be going to school in every day?' 'I wonder where she is? '
pyjamas.' 'Then you'd get fat, Robbie,' says
Each weekday morning, she has to Tania, with horror. The car surges forward. It is only a
make sure the children are dressed, ' Who gives? But why must I learn momentary release of frustration
fed, clean, have done their French? Or any language when because a second later her
homework and get to school on everyone in the world wants to undercarriage hits a speed cushion
time before going to her office. It learn English?' says Robbie, who with a bang. Polly dreams long
does not sound like much, but there won't even drink orange juice if it tedious dreams in which she does
are days when she feels like she has bits. the school run, endlessly grinding
can't stand another minute of it. up Highgate Hill to the bus stop for
'Because otherwise you won't know Tania 's school. But now, at last, she
'Robbie, you still haven't got your what they're saying about you in is passing Highgate Cemetery and
shoes on! Put them on, or you're secret,' says Tania. Karl Marx's tomb, racing past the
going to school in your socks.' Polly smiles, for this is a far better ornate iron gates of Waterlow Park,
'Why do I have to go to school? answer than she could have given. out of Pond Square and then, just
Why can't I stay with you?' line 72 Then her heart jumps with the in time, she stops in front of the
Polly sighs. She is trying to cram a clock, for they have just forty-eight school bus.
full working day into eight hours, seconds left to get out of the door.
and she keeps her watch five 'Love you,' Polly says, drawing up .
minutes fast in order to get to any Where are their coats? ' Huh!' says Tania, slipping off to
appointment, tricking herself into 'How should I know?' Robbie join the gaggle of other girls in
tiny panic attacks that are like the answers, calmly. uniform. Every day, when she goes
miniature muffled explosions in a ' You must have them!' It's freezing, back into the heart of London, Polly
combustion engine. it's January, you can't go out today thinks how glad she is that her
without a coat. Look, I'm wearing children will be out in the suburbs,
my heaviest one again.' where it is leafy and safe.

102
 -Unit
, . .: 9 A slave to routine
J-.~ ~ ~

3 Match the highlighted verbs in the text to 4 Why does Polly talk to her child ren
their meanings in this context a-j below. about 'millions and millions of people'
Phrasal verbs who are learning English?
a pull something out of a bag or other A to show them how easily many people
container learn English
b suddenly try to hit someone B to convince them of the need to learn
a foreign language
c arnve
C to encourage them to take their
d arrive and stop (in a vehicle) schoolwork seriously
e do many things in a short period of time D to make them aware of th e
Other verbs unemployment problem
f push yourself under so m ething so as to 5 What does the writer suggest about
feel warmer or more comfortable Robbie in paragraph 5?
g move quickly and powerfully A He is fussy about what he will and
h move slowly and with difficulty will not eat and drink.
i turn something over quickly (so as to B He intends to work in a resta urant
cook it on both sides) wh en he leaves schooL
j sleep C He is not very good at learning
languages.
4 Read the text again. For questions 1-8, D He does not get on very well with his
choose the answer (A, B, Cor D) which sis ter.
you think fits best according to the text.
6 Polly's 'h eart jumps' in line 72 because
1 In the first paragraph we learn that Polly she realizes
A normally finds it easy to wake her A how much she loves her daughter.
children up.
B how intelligent her daughter is.
B is irritated by somebody's failure to
do something. C how late it is.
D how cold it is.
C loves one of her two children more
than the other. 7 When Robbie cannot find his school tie,
D usually asks somebody else to take A he appears to be unconcerned.
her children to school. B he blames so m ebody else.
2 How does Polly react to her children's C Polly gets him a clean one.
anger at having to get up? D Polly criticizes him.
A She threatens to leave the house 8 What do we learn about Polly in the last
without them. paragraph?
B She shows no sympathy towards A She is pleased her children do not go
them. to a city centre schooL
C She complains to them about her B She is amused at the sight o f Tania's
routine. friends in uniform..
D She refuses to help them get ready. C She is sad that Tania does not return
3 The writer mentions a combustion her love.
engine to give an idea of D She is relieved th at sh e does not live
A the complex nature of Polly's work. in a dangerous area.
B the speed with which Polly has to do
things. 5 0 If you are not a parent: how
well would you cope if you had to
C how Polly's work sometimes affects get one or more children ready for
her. school each day?
D how Polly feels if she thinks she will
be late. If you are a parent already: how
well do/ did you cope with getting
your child or children ready for
school?

- - - - 103
CJ~u ~~tl9 A slave to routine
""'' ~ _, -.~.'~":I!"'I:JJ.-•"-·~*

Language focus: 5 Each of the following sentences contains

one mistake. Correct the mistakes.
Conditionals 1 We'd better hurry up: Carla will be angry
if we'll be late.
1 Identify the verb forms in bold in the 2 I'll hate it ifi had to work during the
following conditional sentences. The first night, like nurses or firefighters.
one has been done for you. 3 If we'd known the bus was going to take
a ![Tania misses the bus, Polly has to take so long, Anita and I would walk home
her to school in the car. last night.
misses - present simple 4 You're going to fail these exams unless
has to - present simple you don' t study more.
b Robbie will be punished if he turns up 5 A good pair of shoes will last for years,
without a school tie. as far as you look after them properly.
c Everything would be much easier if!ryna 6 If we'd taking the motorway, we'd
were here. probably be at home by now.
d If Polly had known last night that Iryna
wasn't in the house, she would have put
6 Complete each gap with an appropriate
form of the verb in brackets. The first one
out Robbie's clothes herself
has been done for you.
e If we had got up earlier, we might not be
1 I ...W.Q.r.:'t .-?:)?.~.0.~...... (not/ speak) to Mike
in such a hurry now.
again unless he ...0:p.P.~.Q.q)~."?;t;-?. ....... .
2 Match each explanation 1-5 below to (apologize) for what happened the other
sentences a-e in exercise 1. night.
1 an im.aginary situation entirely in the 2 Ifi ................ .... ........... (not/ have) an exam
past tomorrow, I .. ............................. (go) to the
match with you tonight, but I really
2 an imaginary situation in the past and
must stay in and study.
its possible result in the present
3 Paul should slow down at work,
3 an imaginary situation in the present
otherwise he ............................... (make)
4 a situation which is always or generally himse lf ill.
true; if means whenever or every time.
4 I'm sweating. If! ... ......................... .. .
5 the predicted result of a possible future (know) it was going to be as warm as
situation this, I ...... ......... ........ ........ (not/ bring) this
coat with me.
3 Rewrite the following sentence from the
reading text using as long as and unless 5 Julie's taking the jumper back to the
instead of if. shop. I'm sure they ... .............. ............. .
(change) it for her, as long as she
I£you don't get good marks, you'll never go to
............................... (show) them the
university. receipt.
a You'll go to university as long as 6 Stop complaining! If you
............................... (have) a bigger
b You 'll never go to university unless breakfast this morning, you
............................... (not/ be) so hungry
now.
4 Complete the following sentences from
the reading text with one word. Both 7 I ............................... (stay) away from Sue
words in this context mean if not. this morning ifi ................... ............ (be)
you - she's in a really bad mood.
a Get dressed, ......................... you'll be going to
school in pyjamas. 7 Work in pairs. You are going to complete
b (You have to learn French) because some conditional sentences and then read
......................... you won't know what they're out the sentences to your partner.
saying about you in secret, says Tania.
Student A: Turn to page 133 for your
sentence beginnings.
Read more about conditionals in the
Grammar Reference. Student B: Turn to page 135 for your
sente nce beginnings.

104
 Unit 9 A slave to routine

Vocabulary: Time
1 a These extracts from the reading text on page 102 contain expressions with the word time.
Complete each gap with one word. The meaning of each expression is given in brackets.
1 '[It is] Time _ _ getup) my angel.'(= it is the moment that something should happen)
2 ... she has to make sure the children ...get to school _ _ time. (= at the correct time, not late)
3 .. . just _ _ time, she stops in front ofthe school bus. (= early enough [to catch the bus])

b Complete each gap in these extracts from the reading text with one word.
1 ... there are days when she feels like she can't stand another .................... o£it
2 ... she keeps her watch five minutes .................... in order to get to any appointment.
3 ... they have just forty-eight seconds ......... ......... .. to get out ofthe door.

Explain the meaning of the expressions in bold.

2 Complete each gap with a phrase from the box which has the same meaning as the word(s)
in brackets.

at a time at all times at the time by the time from time to time time after t ime

a I walk to school ..... ....... .......... (occasionally).

b I wear a watch ...................... (always).
c ................. ..... (again and again) I forget where I've put my keys.
d I can' t multi-task: I can only ever do one thing ................... ... (at a particular moment) .
e I can remember when I learnt to tell the time: I was six ...................... (at that moment).
f ...................... (when or before) I get home from work I'm usually exhausted.
3 a Complete each gap with an appropriate verb from the box.
find have make pass set spend take waste

1 It can _ _ _ _ me quite a long time to get ready in the morning.

2 I try to the most of my time by planning my day carefully.
3 I normally a really good time on Friday night when I go out.
4 I can never seem to _ _ _ _ the time to read these days; I'm always busy.
5 I try to aside time each day for sport or other physical exercise.
6 I quite a lot of time every day speaking to friends on my mobile.
7 I really don't like to my time watching television; it's so boring.
8 In order to help me the time on bus or train journeys I do sudokus.

b 0 Discuss sentences 1-8 with your partner. How true is each one for you?

4 a Write your own sentences using five of the red sentence beginnings in exercise 3q. The
sentences should be true for you.

b Work in pairs. Compare and discuss your sentences.

105
Unit 9 A slave to routine

FCE Writing Part 2: Set books

1 Each year there are two set books for the First Certificate exam. If you have read one of
them, you may decide to answer the relevant question in Part 2 of the Writing Paper. This
will be either an article, an essay, a letter, a report or a review.

Read the following Part 2 question. If you have read The Time Machine, say what you
might include in your answer.If not, choose another classic novel you have read, and say
how you might answer the question if it were about that book.
You see this notice in your college magazine.

Oldies but Goldies - Articles wanted

Have you read a classic novel recently? If so, write us an
article about it, saying why you think it is still popular today.

Write your article with reference to The Time Machine by H G Wells.

2 Read the following sample answer. What are the main reasons the writer gives for the
continued popularity of The Time Machine?

'TV1e TLVV~.e /V\II!c.V1LV've'

'TV1e TLVV~.e /V\II!c.V1LV've' Ls ll!s exc.LtLV'vg tovlll!!::j ll!s Lt wll!s wV1eV'v Lt wll!s f-vst
-pubLLsV1evl ovev II! ViuV'vvlvevl !::jtii!VS ll!go II!V'vvl stLLL gets -posLtLve vevLews. so
wV111!t Vvl.il!!zes Lt suc.V111! -po-puLII!v c.LII!ssLc.?
FLvstL!::j, Lt V111!s evev!::jtV1LV'vg - sc.LeV'vc.e-f-c.tLoV'v, ll!vlVeV'vtuve, V1ovvov II!V'vvl
sus-peV'vse . WLLL tVie TLVVI.e Tvii!VeLLev Vvl.ii!V'vil!ge to vlefeV'vvl V1LVv1.seLf ll!gii!LV'vst
tV1e 'queev LLttLe 11!-pe-LL!ze' MovLoc.R.s wLtVi V1Ls box of Vvl.il!tc.V1es, f-V'vvl
V1Ls tLVV~.e Vvl.il!c.V!LV've II!V'vvl vetuvV'v fvoVVI. tV1e !::jell!v I?02,J-Oi? we RV'vow tV1e
II!V'vswev II!Lvell!vl!::j, but weLLs Ls II! bvLLLLII!V'vt stov!::jteLLev wV1o lzee-ps tV1e vell!vlev
LV'vtevestevl uV'vtLL tV1e eV'vvl.
sec.oV'vvlL!::j, tV!e V'voVeVs c.eV'vtvii!L tV1eVV~.es ll!ve tLVV~.eLess, ll!s veLeVII!V'vt tovlll!!::j
ll!s tV1e!::j weve LV'v i~S. TV1e V1evo sees tV1e c.oV'vsequeMes of tV1e gvowLV'vg
gll!-p betweeV'v vLc.V111!V'vvl -poor; tV1e 'HII!ves' II!V'vvl tV1e 'HII!Ve-V'vots', wV1o
V111!ve evoLvevl LV'vto tV1e uV'vLV'vteLLLgeV'vt BLoL, 'exquLsLte c.vwtuves' tV111!t
LV'vVill!bLt tV1e lA..-p-pevwovLvl, ii!V'vvl tV1e 'bLwc.V1evl, obs.c.eV've' MovLoc.!zs wV1o LLve
uV'vvlevgvouV'vvl . It Ls II!V'v extveVV~.e vevsLoV'v of evoLutLoV'v.
TV1Ls -pessLVvi.LstLc., but Vvi.OVLV'vg vLsLoV'v of tVie futuve Ls vev!::j sV1ovt. It tll!!zes
V'vO tLVV~.e to vell!vl, but !::jOu'LL be tV1LV'vizLV'vg II!V'vvl tii!LRLV'vg II! bout Lt fov II! LoV'vg
tLVV~.e ll!ftevwll!vvls .

3 Read the article again and answer the 4 Write an answer to the question in exercise
following questions. 1 or one of the questions on page 134.
• What typical features of articles has the
writer included in this answer?
e.g. It is written in a fairly informal style.
• What examples are there of the writer
quoting from The Time Machine?

1 6
 Unit 9 A slave to routine

FCE Listening Part 2: Sentence completion

1 ® 2.25 You will hear an interview with a writer called Greg Chandler, whose latest
book offers alternatives to the fast pace of modern life. For questions 1-10, complete the
sentences.
The title of G reg Ch andler's latest book is' I 11 I'
Greg says that t he first t hing we do wh en we wake u p is I I2 I
Greg agrees with the suggestio n that we are o bsessed with I I3 I
Greg says we n eed to slow down a nd I I4 I
Greg's firs t piece of advice to anyon e who shares his beliefs is no t to I I5 I
Greg reco mmends not eatin g breakfas t I I6 I
Greg says it's a good idea to sir quietly before I I7 I
T h e Slow Food movem ent campaign s fo r good, clean and I I 8 I fo od .
Slow Cities form part of a wo rldwide network of town s which sh a re over
I I 9 I com m o n a ims and p rinciples.
Slow Cities attach importance to more I 110
I ways of doing thin gs.

2 0 Do you do the things Greg recommends in questions 6 and 7 of the listening?

Why/Why not?
Which things do you like to do quickly and which do you do more slowly? Why?

3 0 Which of the following would you consider doing to help you slow down? Give
reasons for your answers. If you do any of them already, would you say they improve your
quality of life?
Read long novels rather th an m agazi nes Walk more
H ave a sies ta after lunch Listen to music without doing anything else
Have baths rath er than showers Always wait for the green man, o r si milar
Open your em ails only once a day signal, when crossing the road

Word formation: Nouns 2

1 Complete each gap in these extracts from the listening with the correct noun form of the
verb in brackets. Then check your answers in the listening script on pages 156- 15 7.
a ... it's the clock that determines our .................... (behave) ...
b What'sy our main .............. ...... (advise)?
c ... it 's important to embrace the .. ....... .... ... .... (believe) thatyour life would be better ifyou
took things more slowly.
d Food for .................... (think) there, indeed.
e There are more than one hundred and twenty towns in the .................... (n et) now ...
2 For 1-5, complete sentence b so that it has a similar meaning to sentence a . You will need
to complete the gap in b with the noun form of the underlined verb in a. The first one has
been done for you.
1 a Sue spoke fo r th ree ho u rs. b Sue gave a three-hour .?.p.!':~.cfkl .. ..
2 a Ian's selling h is h ouse. b Ian's ho use is for ............... .
3 a It's the first rime we've lost this seaso n. b It's our first ................ of the season .
4 a It rook us six hours to fu ro Rio. b Our ................ to Rio rook six h ours.
5 a We gave Eli a present. b We presented Eli with a .............. .. .
6 a Tim suddenly started laugh ing. b Tim bu rs t into ........... ..... .
3 Study all the sentences in exercise 2 for one minute. Then cover up the sentence b 's. How
many can you rem ember?
Turn to page 135 and do the Word formation task.

107
: tJJp) t19 A slave to routine

FCE Speaking Part 3: Vocabulary: Sleep

Collaborative task
0 Your local Community Centre, which
offers a range of activities to those aged 16
1 Complete each gap with one of the verbs
from the box.

and over, is planning to introduce a number fallen get getting had hits
of new activities aimed at helping people lie overslept sleeping
relieve stress. Some of the activities they are
thinking about are shown below. 1 Do you normally .... .............. a good
night's sleep or do you think you need
Talk to your partner about what type of to sleep more?
people these activities might appeal to.
Then decide which two would be most 2 Do you often .................. awake in bed at
popular. night or do you usually go to sleep as
soon as your head .................. the
pillow?
3 What advice would you give to someone
who has difficulty ........ ........ .. to sleep at
night?
When discussing who these activities might appeal to,
you could mention: 4 Do you like ............ .... .. in on Saturday
and Sunday mornings? Why/ Why not?
• people's age, their work or studies, where they
live, their family situation What is the longest lie-in you have ever
why they might be suffering from stress
.................. ?
5 Have you or has anyone you know ever
• why a particular activity might be suitable to them.
.. ................ asleep in an unexpected place,
such as in a cinema or at school?
6 Have you ever been late for something
because you .. .............. .. ?
countryside
walking 2 0 Discuss each of the questions in
exercise 1 with a partner. Give as much
detail as possible in your answers.

conversation club

yoga

laughter therapy

FCE Reading Part 2: Gapped text

1 0 You are going to read a newspaper article about a school which has introduced a
ten-o'clock start time to the school day.
What benefits might such a change bring for pupils at the school?
Why might some parents and pupils disapprove of the change?
2 Read the base text only and check your ideas.

1 8
 :. !!._~Ld~- A slave to routine , .

To sleep, perchance to get better grades

A Tyneside high school is giving pupils a longer Initially, Dr Kelley wanted to make a more radical
lie-in, in the hope it improves their concentration in change to the school's timetable, pushing back the
lessons. start time by two hours to llam. I 4 I I
It is what many teenagers tell their parents: 'I'd do
Lessons carry on for an extra 30 minutes in the
better at school if you 'd only let me sleep in every afternoons, with the schoo l staying open for study
morning.' Now an 850-pupil comprehensive school until 5pm. 'My view is that this is a very, very
has taken students at their word and put back the important issue because here is something that
start of the day in the hope they turn up better schools can do to improve the health and mental
health of their pupils,' Dr Kelley said. Research
prepared for learning.
shows that depression can set in if a huma n is
A five-month experiment was launched at constantly interrupted and woken from sleep.
Monkseaton High School in Whitley Bay, North
Tyneside, after half-term with the support of pupils, The experiment has not won 100 per cent support
from the school community and Dr Kelley pointed
teachers and parents. 1I I I out that Monkseaton High still remained open from
Before approving the change, the headteacher, Dr Sa m unti l 5pm, so that parents who have childcare
Paul Kelley, took advice from sleep experts, in problems, or families in which both partners had
particular Russell Foster, who is a professor of jobs, could still leave their child at school before
circadian • neuroscience at Brasenose College, going to work. To further improve the standard of
Oxford. In his research, Professor Foster has learning, the school has a £23m new building
highlighted studies which suggest that teenagers which, its pupils say, is designed like a fo otball
need more sleep than the rest of the population.
I 2 I I What is more, continual interruption to
stadi um . I5 I I
their sleep patterns is likely to have an impact on Emelye Hood, 13, is a fan of the cha nges: 'I get up
their health and mental capacity. about 8.30 am to 8.45 am and, with getting more
sleep, it means I can concentrate more on my
Professor Foster's tests appear to confirm that lessons.' Ryan Thompson , also 13, agreed. 'I get a
students perform better in the afternoons . 'S leep,' li e-in and yo u don ' t have to rush your breakfast in
he said, ' provides all of us with our sense of the morning,'he said. ·I 6 I I But I do n' t mind
wellbeing and the faculty that helps make us that .'
human: our extraordinary capacity for creativity
and innovation. I 3 I I Most school regimes Dr Kelley said several schools in Canada and the
force teenagers to function at a time of day that is United States had put back their starting times.
sub-optimal, and many university students are I 7 I I He did not know of any in the UK doing
exposed to considerab le dangers from sleep what Monkseaton had done but fe lt it wo uld "catch
deprivation.' on " if the experiment was successful.
• circadian: relating to the changes in people's and
animals' bodies during each period of24 hours

3 Seven sentences have been removed from the article. Choose from the sentences A- H the
one wh ich fits each gap (1-7). There is one extra sentence which you do not n eed to u se.
A As a result, they are likely to be at their peak performance in the afternoon rather
than the morning.
B It means you don't get your lunch at school until 2pm.
C It is cruel to impose a cultural pattern on teenagers that makes them underachieve.
D The school, whose teachers approved of the proposed change, was faced with a number_______. - - - - - ,
of problems.
E However, a compromise deal saw it changed to lOam.
F Instead of going into school every morning at 9am, pupils can indulge in a big
breakfast before starting lessons at lOam.
G The classrooms are lighter and more spacious, which helps children to concentrate
better in lessons.
H However, some had abandoned the idea because it was more difficult to fit in sporting
fixtures with schools sticking to traditional timetables.
4 0 Would you prefer to begin school, college or work an hour later each day? What
advantages and disadvantages would such a change have for you?

109
-
Unit 9 A slave to routine
•l• I

Language focus: Relative clauses

1 Read the following sentences a-g from the 3 I got exactly ............... I wanted for my
reading text and missing sentences on birthday - a new watch. It was the only
page 109. Then answer questions 1-5. thing ............... I really needed.
a The headteacher ... took advice from 4 I don' t see any reason ............... my
sleep experts, in particular Russell parents won't let me have a sleepover
Foster, who is a professor of circadian party for my birthday.
neuroscience at Brasenose College, 5 Our headteacher ............... is retiring at
Oxford. the end of the year has been at this
b In his research, Professor Foster has school for over twenty years.
highlighted studies which suggest that 6 An equinox is one of two days during
teenagers need more sleep than the rest the year on ............... night and day are of
of the population. equal length.
c ... here is something that schools can do 7 There's a prize for anyone ............... can
to improve the health and mental health tell me the name of the group ............. ..
of their pupils. first hit record was 'Love me do'.
d ... so that parents who have childcare 8 I slept until half past nine this morning
problems, or families in which both ............... is very unusual for me.
partners had jobs could still leave their 9 The only person ............... I really get on
child at school before going to work with at work is leaving next week. She's
e The classrooms are lighter and more got a job at The Grand Hotel ............. ..
spacious, which helps children to her dad works as a doorman.
concentrate better in lessons.
f He did not know of any in the UK doing
what Monkseaton had done ...
g The school, whose teachers approved of
the proposed change, was faced with a
number of unexpected problems.
1 Why are commas used before the relative
pronoun in sentences a , e and g, but not
the others?
2 In which sentences can who or which be
replaced by that? Why?
3 In which sentence can the relative
pronoun be omitted? Why?
4 In which sentence does the relative
pronoun refer to the whole of the main
clause and not just a person or a thing? 3 Look again at your answers in exercise 2.
5 Which of the relative pronouns means Decide which of the words you have
'the thing which'? written:
a can be omitted.
Read more about relative clauses in the
b can be replaced by that.
Grammar Reference.
Example:
2 Complete each gap with who, which Sentence 1
whose, where, when, why or what, adding
commas where necessary. The first one has a neither who nor which can be omitted.
been done for you. b only which can be replaced by that
1 My father, ... ~~P..... has always been a 4 Work in pairs. You are each going to write
light sleeper, woke up when he heard a definitions for six words using relative
noise . ~.~.~!:-~... sounded like a gunshot. clauses. The words you have to define all
2 Last Saturday ............... she stayed at my appear in units 1-8 of this course book.
house Sally slept in the attic ............... my
parents have converted into a Student A: Turn to page 133.
guestroom.
Student B: Turn to page 136.

110
 Unit 9 A slave to routine

FCE Writing Part 2: Informal letters

1 0 Read the following Part 2 question and Helena's answer. Do you think the advice she
gives Robin is good? Why/Why not?
This is part of a letter from your English-speaking friend, Robin.

I'Ve got W-tJ ex/Aw..s sooVv IAVvci l'w.. ~IAV~Vvg reiAL probLew..s sLeep~Vvg
tAt Vv~g~t. yoiA. Vvever seew.. to ~lAVe IAVvt) tro~AbLe- cio t)OIA. ~lAve IAVvt)
IAciv~ce t)OIA. cwLci g~ve w..e OVv w~IAt to cio to ~eLp w..e sLeep?

T~IAVvR_S,

Rob~Vv

Write your letter to Robin. Do not write any postal addresses.

Letter to Rob~Vv
l'w.. tJWr fr~eVvci t-teLeVviA. 1 ~ope t)DIA. /Are weLL. Ct~Aess w~IAt! l'w.. go~Vvg to scotLIAVvci ~Vv
AIAgiA.st. l'w.. go~Vvg to st~A.cit) cVvgL~s~ ~Vv cci~Vvb~Arg~. l'w.. reiALtJ LooR.~Vvg forwiArci to ~t.
1'w.. s~Are W-t:J cVvgL~s~ w~LL ~w..prove. ywr probiA bLtj LooR.~Vvg forw/Arci to tJDIAr ~oL~ciiA tJ ~Vv
lreLIAVvci. l'w.. s~Are ~t w~LL be bw~Ahf~ALL tAt t~~s t~w..e of t)eiAr. (1 weVvt LIAst t)eiAr tAt 5/Aster. 1
weVvt to C.orR.. T~e wwt~er wiAsVv't gooci . It riA~Vveci lA Lot.) yoiA wm ~lAVe lA Vv~ce briAR.e /After
tJOIAr exiAw..s . l'w.. s~Are t)OIA. w~LL cio vert) weLL. yw SlAt) t)OIA. ~Are f-Vvci~Vvg ~t ci~f-c~ALt to sLeep.
It w..~Ast be terr~bLe for t)DIA.· 1 wwLci be vert) Vverv~oiA.s . t-tere /Are sow..e t~ps .
1. Never cir~VvR. coffee /After s o'cLocR..
:2 Do ex.erc~se evert) ellA tJ .
.3 t>oVv't eiAt two LIAte .
..If ReiAci lA booR. before t)OIA. go to beci . DoVv't st~A.cit) LIAte .
s t-tiAVe lA wiArw.. blAt~ .

~ Dr~VvR. ~erbiAL ~Vvf!A.S~OVvS.

T~IAt ~s IALL. 1 ~ope W-tJ Clciv~se ~s ~Asef~AL. if ~t cioesVv't worR., t)OIA. s~o~A.Lci go to t~e cioctor's.

2 0 Read Helena's letter again and discuss the following questions. Give examples from -

the letter to justify your answers. Help

Content Is all the information given in the letter relevant?
Organisation Is the letter organised into logical paragraphs? • Aim to ensure that
the answer to each
Cohesion Is there an appropriate range oflinking words and expressions?
question in exercise
Range Is there a range of grammatical structures and vocabulary? 2 is Yes for your
Accuracy Is the English reasonably accurate? letter.
Register Is the style of the letter appropriate and consistent? • See page 147 for
Format Is the answer clearly set our as a letter? more information
on writing Part 2
Target reader Would Robin have enough advice to help him sleep?
Informal letters,
3 Helena's letter contains eight spelling mistakes. Find the mistakes and correct them . together with useful
language for giving
4 Helena's answer would not be given a high mark at First Certificate. Write your own letter advice.
to Robin in 120-180 words.

111
 FCE Use of English Part 2: Open doze
------

1 For questions 1-12, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap.
Use only one word in each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0).
Write your answers IN CAPITAL LETTERS, just as you will have to do in the First
Certificate examination.
Bedtime routines
Parents should create a clear bedtime routine and clear bedtimes for their children from
(0) .....AN .. early age. This means following a fixed pattern (1) ............. evening at a similar
time. Give your children supper, allow them (2) ............. play, watch television or finish
homework and then put them in the bath. Afterwards, it's straight into pyjamas and bed.
Parents can read a story for a (3) ............. minutes (or let older children read themselves), bur
after (4) ............. , the lights should be switched off. Children should receive the minimum of
fuss and attention (5) ............. they get our of bed or wake up during the night, so as
(6) ............. to reinforce their behaviour.
Parents should also be working on tight strategies to manage waking behaviour, for example,
being clear about (7) ............. time children should be permitted to go into their parents'
bedroom in the morning, and rewarding children (8) ............. stay in bed and sleep longer.
Children who (9) ............. poor at going to bed need a regular and calming routine
(10) ............. encourages them to fall asleep in their cots or beds alone and with no
reinforcement for staying awake (bottles, rocking, endless stories or falling asleep in
(11) ............. of the television are common, bur ultimately unhelpful, strategies). Encouraging
your child to sleep as much (12) .... ......... is needed is just as important as ensuring that they
eat properly and go to school.

Language focus
1 Rewrite the following sentences using third or mixed conditionals. The first one has been
done for you.
1 I'm only tired because I went to bed late last night.
IfI hadn't gone to bed last last night, I wouldn't be tired.
2 Rachel only got to the station on time because her dad gave her a lift.
3 I read an article about Slow Food. That's why I know so much about it.
4 Richard only played football last Saturday because the usual goalkeeper had flu.
5 I didn't realize it was Jackie's birthday so I didn' t buy her a present.
6 You've got wet feet because you didn't wear the right kind of shoes.

2 In each of the following sentences one word is incorrect. Find the word and change it. The
first one has been done for you. 1•
Wv10
1 James walks to school every day with his sister, whi:eh is five years old.
2 The last bus leaves at half past nine, what seems quite early to me.
3 I lent my sleeping bag to my friend Tony, that was going camping with the scours.
4 Jake took a sleeping pill it had been prescribed by his doctor.
5 The regulations state that any worker who's working day is longer than six hours is
entitled to a break of at least 20 minutes.
6 He's a terrible manager: it's a clear example of someone being promoted to a position for
that they' re not qualified.
7 Do you have any idea of the reason for he decided to resign?
8 After school on Fridays we usually go to the cafe where is next to the bus station.
9 They met on December 14th, which it snowed all day.

112
Vocabulary
Underline the correct word in italics in the following sentences.
1 I liedjlayjlaid awake thinking about work last night and didn'tgetffallj take to sleep until
after midnight.
2 You've got a busy day tomorrow, so you need to get a rightjgoodjwell night's sleep tonight.
3 I can have a lie-down jlie-backjlie-in tomorrow morning - I don't need to get up early.
4 Nika's bus spent/ took/ lasted a long time to arrive and she was late for school.
5 You could make the fastj mostjlast of your time at the doctor's and do some homework
while we're waiting to see her.
6 The tour guide told us to carry our passports with us at eachjeveryjall times.
7 Time tojandjafter time I've told you not to go into my bedroom without asking!
8 Don't put so much food in your mouth. Eat the biscuits one injatjofa time.
9 Your watch is ten minutes fast/quick/long - it's twenty past three not half past.
10 Parents should setjpassjfind aside time each day to read to their children.

Phrasal verbs revision

1 Complete both gaps in each pair of sentences with the same particle. The first one has
been done for you.
1 Is that story true or did you make it .... !1.-p. ......... .
I'm so unfit - I need to join a gym or take ......~/? ........ a sport.
2 Our plane took offlate but touched .................. early!
My parents felt let .................. when I told them I'd failed all my exams.
3 I'm used to my new job now, but it took me a long time to settle ......... ......... .
I was a fool to believe he would keep his promise - I was completely taken .................. .
4 Sting worked as an English teacher before going .................. to become lead singer with
The Police.
They said that television would never catch .................. but look how popular it became!
5 I managed to talk Tim ....... ........... lending me his car, but it wasn't easy to persuad e him.
Someone broke .................. our school and stole all the computers.
6 They tried to keep the wedding a secret but the news leaked .................. and the paparazzi
were everywhere.
I need a calculator to work .................. the total cost.
7 Talking things .. ................ together is the first step to solving problems.
I can't get .................. the day without coffee- I must be addicted.
8 'I had meat the last time I ate here, so I think I'll go .................. the fish. '
I don't trust you and I'm not going to fall .................. your lies again!
2 Write down the meaning of each of the phrasal verbs in exercise 1.
e.g. 1 make up= invent take up = start doing something new

Writing
Write an answer to one of the following in 120-180 words. Use an appropriate style.
1 Your teacher has asked you to write a story for the college magazine. The story must
begin with the following words:
I had overslept; so I would have to hurry if! wanted to get there on time.
Write your story.
2 Your teacher has asked you to write an essay giving your opinions on the following statement:
The pace oflife in the modern world is too fast.
Write your essay.
 Vocabulary and speaking: Age
Where possible, match the nouns, adjectives and phrases in the boxes to the people in the
photographs on these two pages. It may be possible to match more than one item with
some of the photographs.
adolescent elderly middle-aged retired

preteen toddler youngster newborn teenager senior citizen

FCE Listening Part 3: Multiple matching

1 0 Work in pairs. What do you think are the biggest sources of conflict between parents
and teenagers these days?
2 @ 2 . 26- 2.30 You will hear five different people speaking about their relationships
with their parents when they were teenagers. For questions 1-5, choose from the list (A-F)
what each speaker says about their relationship. Use the letters only once. There is one
extra letter which you do not need to use.
A I didn' t think my parents' rules were unreasonable. Speaker 1
B I am still angry about a particular event. Speaker 2
C I made a decision that I now think was wrong.
Speaker 3
D I thought my parents had little understanding of a teenager's life.
E I was allowed to go on holiday with friends when I was quite young. Speaker 4
F My parents each had a different approach to dealing with a
particular problem. Speaker 5

3 Are you like any of the speakers?

4 Underline the correct word in italics in the following sentences. The words in bold are
from the listening.
1 I once went through/ by a stage of not eating meat.
2 I've got far too many old clothes; I need to get rid off! of some.
3 My parents approve of/for most of my friends .
4 I often stay toj out late on Saturday and sometimes don' t get home until two or three
in the morning.
5 I don' t always stick to/for the rules; rules are made to be broken.

5 0 Work in pairs. Discuss how true the sentences in exercise 4 are for you. Give reasons
and examples.

1"14
 Unit 10 Changes

FCE Speaking Part 3: FCE Speaking Part 4:

Collaborative task Further discussion

0 Work in pairs. There is going to be a 0 Discuss the following questions with

your partner. Give reasons for your views.
series ofTV programmes about different
stages oflife. Talk to each other about the 1 Which stage oflife do you think most
advantages and disadvantages ofbeing at people look forward to?
the different stages oflife shown in the 2 Some people say that school days are the
photographs on these two pages. Then best time of our lives. How far do you
decide which programme might be the agree?
most interesting.
3 Is it important to have a lot oflife
experience before having children of
• What are the advantages and disadvantages
your own?
of being at these stages oflife?
4 Should elderly people live with their
• Which programme might be the most children?
interesting?
5 Teenagers often disagree with their
parents. Why do you think this is?
6 What do you think is a good age for
Useful language young people to leave home?

• Use contrast linkers when talking about the

advantages and disadvantages: Useful language
e.g. on the one hand/on the other hand/however/
although/but/whereas • When you give your opinion use expressions
such as:
• Further useful expressions:
In "!>'opinion ... /Persona lly, I think that ... I Actually, I
One advantage/disadvantage of being a teenager is ... completely disagree ... j l would certainly go along with
A goodjbad point about being a preteen is .. . that ... /My feeling is that ...
A positive thing about being middle-aged is .. . • In a discussion you should ask for the other
Something that's not so good about being a toddler is ... person's opinion too. Use expressions like:
It can be difficult when you're retired because ... What do you think?jHow do you feel about it?j Do you
agree?jWhat's your view on ... ?/How about you?
.... Upit:10 Changes

Language focus: Wish~ if only and hope

1 We use wish and if only when we talk 5 Rewrite these sentences about things you
about things we would like to be different 'regret' or 'would like to be different'
in the present, future or past. Read the using wish.
following comments from a young adult.
Example:
a I wish I hadn 't argued so much with my
parents when I lived at home. I argued a lot with my mum when I was younger.
b If only I were eighteen again! There are so I wLs.V1 I V1Cldvc't Clrg[,(ed wLtV1 VVI.!::J VV\.[,(VV\. Cl Lot
many things I'd like to do. wV1 evc 1wCls. t:JO[,(vcger.
c I wish my parents would move closer to where 1 I never listened to my parents when I
I live but I know they won 't. was a teenager.
d I wish I could go to my school reunion, but I'm 2 I'm not old enough to take my driving test.
going to be busy on that date.

2 Match each comment a - d to a reason 1-4.

Then underline the correct alternative in
italics to complete the rules. The first one
has been done for you.
1 The speaker is expressing a wish about
the present which is clearly impossible.
wishj ifonly + present/ past tense b
3 I'm sorry but I can' t come to your
2 The speaker wants to do something birthday celebration on Saturday.
him/ herself in the future that is not
possible. 4 My parents refuse to let me go abroad
with my friends this summer.
wishj ifonly + couldj would
5 I was horrible to my brother when I was
3 The speaker wants someone else to do
younger.
something now or in the future that is
unlikely. 6 I have to go to school early for an exam
tomorrow.
wishj ifonly + will/ would
4 The speaker expresses regret about 'Should havejought to have'
something that happened in the past.
wishj ifonly +past simp le/ past perfect 1 We can also use should/ shouldn't have
tense done and ought to have/ ought not to have
done to express regret about the past.
3 Explain the difference in meaning
between these two sentences. I should have worked much harder.
I shouldn't have thrown her coat away.
1 I wish/ If only it would stop raining.
I ought to have tried to be more
2 I hope it stops raining. independent.
Find sentences that you wrote in exercises
Read more about wish, ifonly and hope in
4 and 5 that show regret and rewrite them
the Grammar Reference.
beginning with I should have/ shouldn't
4 Correct the mistakes in the following have or I ought to have/ ought not to have.
sentences. Example:
1 I wish I would get higher marks for the I wish I hadn't argued a lot with my mum when I
essays we do at the end of term. was younger.
2 We all wish it is warmer today because
1s.V1o[,(Ldvc't V1Clve Clrg[,(ed wLtV1 VVI.!::J VVI.[,(VVI. so
we' re going swimming in the river.
VV\.[,(CVl wV1evc 1WClS. t:JO[,(vcger.
3 I wish Jack would win his race tomorrow
afternoon. He's trained really hard for it.
4 If only I had ask you to help when I
2 0 Work in pairs. A reporter is
interviewing a woman who is 102 years
had that problem with my car yesterday. old. Decide what wishes and regrets you
5 Clare wishes they will stop building new think she has.
houses on the edge of her village. Example:
6 If only I hadn't got car sick every time I I wish I had better eyesight.
travel. It makes my journeys so miserable.
I should have travelled more when I was younger.
116
 Unit 10 Changes

FCE Use of English Part 1: Multiple-choice doze

----~----~--------------------~~

1 0 Discuss these questions with a partner.

What factors do you think enable so me people to live to more than a hundred years of age?
2 Read the text below, ignoring the gaps. Does it mention any of the ideas you discussed in
exercise 1?
Eternal Youth?
What is the secret (0) ....... long life? That is the big question that scientists have been trying
to (1) ....... for centuries. Some are convinced that they are getting very close but not all
researchers are approaching (2) ....... the same direction.
For a long time it has been thought that (3) ....... calorie intake by 30% can result in a longer
lifespan, but for most people this means (4) ....... a starvation-like diet. Scientists are now
developing a drug which they believe can switch on a particular gene that has the (5) ...... .
effect without the pain.
Another approach has been to (6) ....... centenarians and to analyse their lifestyles.
Surprisingly, it seems that (7) ....... most people's lifespans are 80% determined by
environmental factors and 20% by their genetic make-up, with centenarians it is the other
way round. Many in the over 100 age (8) ....... had led unhealthy lifestyles with some of them
smoking over 40 cigarettes a day for a long (9) ....... of their lives. For these people a lo ng life
is the result of a longevity gene and scientists say that within three years they will have
developed a drug that can imitate this gene.
Or is it all down to the mind? Some scientists believe that if we ' think' younger our bodies
will follow. Studies have shown that by (10) ....... people imagine they are twenty years
younger many of the signs of ageing actually reverse.
So, what is the answer? (11) ....... of the scientists involved are testing their own theories and
are convinced that 125 is a good age for them to (12) ....... for! Let's see.
3 Read the text again and decide which answer (A, B, Cor D) best fits each gap. There is an
example at the beginning (0).
0 A of B at c on D 1n
1 A respond B reply c find D answer
2 A to B from c by D at
3 A falling B reducing c holding D stopping
4 A following B doing c leading D gomg
5 A compared B same c similar D like
6 A look B search c study D learn
7 A however B whereas c despite D but
8 A group B level c class D section
9 A time B decade c period D stage
10 A allowing B getting c forcing D making
11 A Several B Various c Couple D Group
12 A predict B direct c point D a1n1

4 0 Would you like to live to be over a hundred

if you were still fit and healthy? Why/Why not?

117
Unit 10 Changes

Useful FCE Speaking Part 2: Talkin about photos

language
• Use a variety of
1 0 These photographs show people facing new experiences.

la nguage to speculate. Student A: Compare the photographs, and say what challenges
They might have to ... you think these people are going to face.
It w uld be quite difficult Student B: When your partner has finished, answer the
to .. following question.
Th ey won't be able to ...
Which situation do you think will be the most exciting?
I til ink they're probably
go111g to ...
It'! quite likely that ...
2 0 Change roles and follow the instructions on page 136.

l'r" sure that ...

FCE Listening Part 1: Multiple choice

1 @ 2.31-2.46 You will hear people talking in eight different

situations. For questions 1-8, choose the best answer (A, B or C).

1 You hear two friends talking about an 5 You hear a new writer being interviewed
unexpected inheritance. on the radio .
Why did Sue inherit the money? What does he think about his decision
A She had a very good relationship to give up his old job?
with her great aunt. A It was a little rushed.
B There was no other family member. B He might regret it later.
C Her great aunt had been close to C He knew at the time it was right.
Sue's father. 6 You hear part of a news bulletin.
2 You hear a woman talking about her Why are some people living in caravans?
family's reaction to moving to the
A They have been evacuated from their
countryside. homes because of flooding in recent
Whose reaction to the move causes her days.
most concern? B They are worried about the safety of
A her daughter's their homes.
B her son's C They do not have the money to repair
C her husband's their homes.
3 You hear a man talking on the radio 7 You hear two people talking about a
about being homeless. Why is he in this man called Steve who has just come out
situation? of prison.
A His wife fell for someone else. How is Steve feeling?
B He was in debt to his boss. A relieved
C He did something illegal. B ashamed
4 You hear a woman talking about her C worried
experiences of using Twitter, the social 8 You hear a woman talking about dealing
networking site. How does she feel with being famous .
about her new hobby?
What is she?
A She wishes she had known about it
A an actor
before.
B amodel
B She sometimes gets confused by the
technology. C a sportsman's wife
C She enjoys the mental challenge.

2 0 Has anythin g important changed in your life recently? Tell your partner about it.

118
 FCE Writing Part 1: Email

1 0 Read the following Part 1 task Would it more appropriate to write the reply to Mr
Harrison in a formal or an informal style?
A famous author is coming to visit your school to give a talk to the students. You have been
asked to help organise the visit. Read the email you have received from Mr. Harrison, the
author, and the notes you have made. Then write an email to Mr. Harrison u sin g all your
notes.

From: David Harrison

Sent: 15th February
P~cR. t.-cp itVI.!:j.SeLf-
Subject: Talk at Masters School
_./"J./ .SCl!:j wltlere
--------------------------------------------------------------~~

I'm arriving on the 9.30 train from London . Could you arrange for a taxi to meet~e?
I intend to talk about how my life has changed since I became a writer. Is there
anything else you would like me to i n c l u d e ? - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - l - -
ye.s - .SCI!j WltlClt
I would like to have a short discussion with some of the students on the creative
writing course at your school. Is this possible? - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - + --
Cioool ~o!ee~ - ree~o!
1 __.- Do you have anything else arranged following the talk? I have to catch the 4.15
~ return train. .SOV1Ae of tltle~r
~ ~~
/V\Clr-ce I look forward to meeting everyone .
.stA.gf_ e.sHOV\..S Yours sincerely
David Harrison

Write your email in 120-150 words. You must use grammatically correct sentences with
accurate spelling and punctuation in a style appropriate for the si tuation.

2 Read the following reply to Mr Harrison's emaiL Underline the correct alternatives in
1-12 to ensure the style is consistently appropriate. The first one has been done for you.

(1_) t:>ecw!H-~ Mr. HClrr~.soll\.,

(::2) TVtCIV\.~S ITV\CIV\.~ !jOU Ver!j VIA-UCVt for !:JOIA.r eitVI.Cl~L. It ~.S (3) greC!t/Vertj ~~111-o! of !jOIA.
to g~ve tA..S e~ te~ LR..

(4) Rege~ro!~~~~-g !About title e~rre~V\.geii1Aell\.t.S for title c;\Cl!:j, 1w~LL 111Aeet !jOIA. itVI.!:jseLf e~t title
.ste~Holl\..
if !:JOIA. te~~e title west R.oe~c;l e.x:~t, 1 .sltle~LL be e~t title ell\.trCIV\.ce.
AV\.!:jtltl~V\.g
l:JOIA. CCIV\. teLL IA..S e~botA.t !:JOIA.r L~fe e~.s Cl -profe.s.s~oii\.ClL wr~ter w~LL be (s) of
~~~~-terest lree~Lltj br~LL~C!V~-t to title grotA.-p. (b) 'Perlt\C!-ps 11ou coulo! e~Lso teLL us Cl L~ttLe/H-ow
Clbout teLL~~~~-g us Cl b~t e~botA.t title o!~fft..ctA.LHe.s !jOIA. fe~ceo! wltlell\. !jOIA. were .ste~rHV\.g out.
Title .sttA.olell\.ts wotA.Lol o!eft.-11\.~teL!j e~o!j V1AeeHV\.g !:JOtA. e~fter title te~ LR. e~ 11\.ol ~f !:JOtA. Cr) 'Ve
got t~me/coulo! ft..~~~-o! t~me to Loo~ Clt .soii1Ae of tltldr worR. too, tltle!j (!?) woulc;l be ver-11
gre~teful!' o! be ver-11 V\CI'P'P!j ·
0) 1 V!e~ve""''t sorteo! out C!V~-tjtltl~~~~-g else !:jet/ NotV!~~~~-g else V\e~s bee"" ClrrCIV~-geo! so fe~r,
btA.t ~f !:JOIA. (1_o) woulo! L~~e/fe~""'cl1 to v~.s~t title 11\.ew towll\. L~brClr!:j, 1 cotA.Lol te~R.e !jOIA. tltlere
011\. OIA.r WCl!:j be~cR, to title .StClhOV\..
' (1_1_) I CC1111-'t WCI~t to meet 11ou/l Loo~ forwMo! to meet~111-g !jOU .
(1_::2) CV\eers !yours s~~~~-cereltj
"PCltA.L oL.sell\.

3 Now do the task on page 137. Use formal words and expressions from the email in
exercise 2 where appropriate.

119
Unit 10 Changes

Vocabulary: Relationships
1 Underline the correct word in italics in these dialogues.
1 A: You and Tom have been together for a long time. When did you first fall for/at him?
B: When I saw him at a school dance two years ago. He chatted me on/ up and we went
to jon a couple of dates. The rest is history!
2 A: How long have you been going out/offwith Lucy?
B: Well, I first asked her out/ up in January last year. Then we split upjout at the
beginning of the summer after some silly row. We got backjouttogether again in
August. So, I suppose, on and off, it's been about 18 months.
3 A: I haven't seen you and Dave together for a while. Have you fallen o£fj'outwith him?
B: Yes. I just don't get in/on with his brother and we argued about it. We broke out/ up
about a week ago .
A: You' ll make upjon soon I'm sure. You two are made £or/at each other!

2 0 Discuss the following questions with a partner.

1 If someone asked you out on a date, where would you like to go?
Why?
2 Who do you get on best with at school, college or work?
3 Have you fallen out with anyone recently? Why?
4 What do you think is the best way to make up after an argument
with a good friend?
5 Which celebrity couple have split up recently?

FCE Reading Part 3: Multiple matching

1 Complete each gap with a word from the box below.

bridesmaid v1car reception bride married
bouquet groom speeches best man attended

Wedding of the week

Pamela Dean married Martin Westbrook on Saturday 19'" May. Over a hundred
people (1) .......... the simple ceremony, which took place in the couple's loca l
village church. The (2) .......... wore a lovely dress of white silk and the (3) ......... .
looked very smart in a grey silk suit. The couple chose a country hotel for the
(4) .......... and a lot of good food and champagne was eaten and drunk during the
afternoon. Both the (5) ......... . who married them in the church and the (6) ......... ,
James Hillman who was Martin's old est friend , made short (7) .......... and when
Pam followed the tradition of throwing the (8) .......... of flowers over her
shoulder, it was caught by the younge t (9) .......... ,Ange la, aged seven. She was
thrilled b ut says she probably won't be getting (10) .......... any time soon!

2 0 Work in pairs. Look at the photographs on this page and on page 121 and then
answer questions 1-3.
1 What is similar and what is different about the photographs?
2 Why do you think the people in the photographs decided to get married in these places?
3 Where do people usually get married in your country? Are there any special traditions?
3 You are going to read a magazine article about people's different wedding locations. For
questions 1- 15, choose from the people (A- E). The people may be chosen more than
once. When more than one answer is required, these may be given in any order.

120
 , Unit 10 Cnanges

Which person or people state the following?

We did nor fully consider th e con sequences of choosing this venue. :=~=~
I didn't wear exactly wh at my parrner wanted m e ro. 2
I received a nu m ber of differe nr reactio n s ro my plans. 3
We did n o r th ink of the idea o u rselves. 4 5

Cost was a factor wh en deciding o n the venue. 6

I love the architectu re of the venue we chose. L....:..7_j__...J
I chose the venue becau se I had good m em ories of this place
fro m my ch ildhood. ~8:::::;:=~
We liked the venue because we began o ur relatio nship th ere. 9
We didn't have good weath er o n t he day. 10
We didn't irn.mediarely agree on the idea. 11
My health was tem.porarily affected by the ceremo ny. 13
We weren' t res tri cted by h ow many people we could invite. 14
My partner's reaction ro my idea was n o t what I had imagined . '-'-
1 5=-..J.._ _j

A strange place to get married?

More and more people are choosing to get married in unusual places these days.
We asked five people about their wedding locations.
A MARIA immediately. Quite honestly, if we 'd wedding ceremonies in its Central Hal l I
When I first suggested the venue some of thought it through properly we 'd probably knew that was where Penny and I were
my friends thought it was a great idea and never have gone ahead . There were so goi ng to get married . We both love
others thought it was just plain silly! And many things that could have gone wrong. mu se ums and spend a lot of our free time
my mum seemed quite disappointed while Suppose it had rained ? In actual fact it was goi ng round them so it seemed logical to
my dad just thought I was joking. The very exciting in spite of the discomfort. I be getting married in one of the best! The
reason I thought of it was because I'd been had a sore throat for three days after the design of the building is amazing and it
to Disneyworld as a kid and it was the best wedding because of shouting through the was a very powerful and solemn event for
holiday I'd ever been on . When it came to microphone to make my vows! us. However, it took a lot of organising as
deciding where we wanted to get married C NIKKI we live in Edinburgh and had to arrange
and I realised that Disney world was an transport and accommodation for our
MacDonaldsr• seemed the obvious place for
option I thought it would be perfect. Dan guests. But it was definitely worth it.
Pete and me to get married because it's
took a bit of persuading- dressing up as where we got together ten years ago when E SUSIE
Mickey Mouse on his wedding day wasn 't we were both working there. So when our I defi nitely wasn 't impressed when my
exactly what he'd had in mind! But he's got previous boss suggested we get married husband-to-be suggested getting married
a terrific sense of fun and he agreed in the and have the reception there we both on the pitch of his favourite football club !
end . It wasn 't a cheap wedding but it was jumped at the chance. Neither Pete nor 1 However, I gradually warmed to the idea .
quite an amazing experience and the wanted a traditional wedding. We wanted He's been a fan of the club since he was six
wedding photos are hilarious! something a bit different and somewhere and is passionate about them . So, although
BJOHNNY that had a meaning for us both. Also, it was it wasn't exactly what I'd been planning for
My best man , Brian , knew that jan and I nowhere as expensive as a normal wedding my wedding day I knew it meant a lot to
were looking for a really special way to and that was important to us too. My him . I even agreed to wearing the club
celebrate our marriage but we hadn 't come parents were a bit surprised but they came colours- yellow and blue instead of white
up with anything and he mentioned this air round in the end . It was a great day and I'll but I drew the line at football shorts and
company that arranged wing walking never forget the faces of people passing by shi rt! The good thing was that we could
weddings. That's where you get married on and looking in at this amazing fast food invite as many guests as we wanted- there
the plane - not in it! Well , jan and I are wedding reception ! was plenty of room . If it hadn 't rained it
quite adventurous and we had been wing D DON would have been perfect! The best moment
walking in the past but we had no idea that was when everyone threw their football
I suppose it's not the most glamorous
you cou ld actually get married doing it! I scarves in the air when the vicar
wedding location in the world but as soon
put it to jan, fully expecting her to think it as I read on the internet that the National pronounced us man and wife!
was a ridiculous idea but she agreed History Museum in London organised

4 0 Which wedding location do you think was the best? Why?

121
U~ i t 10 Changes

FCE Listening Part 4: Multiple choice

1 0 Have you read any stories in the news recently about how medical progress or an
operation has completely changed a person's life?

2 0 Read the following definitions and then discuss questions 1-3 with a partner.
hiccup noun: a short repeated sound that 1 Do you often get the hiccups? Do you
you make in your throat without intending know the reason why?
to, usually because you have been eating or 2 Have you ever had hiccups for a long
drinking too quickly period of time? How long did they last
PHRASE get/have (the) hiccups: to for?
start making hiccup sounds and not be able 3 What do you think is the best way to
to stop stop hiccups?

3 Read this headline from a newspaper article about the man in the photograph. How do
you think hiccups saved his life?

I nad niccups for tnree years but it saved my life

4 @ 2.47 You will hear an interview about an interesting news story. For questions 1-7,
choose the best answer (A, B or C).
1 What does Andy say about the story? 6 What was the result of the operation?
A It is amusing. A Chris cannot walk easily.
B It is difficult to believe. B Chris cannot do a lot of sport.
C It is unusual. C Chris can only use one arm well.
2 What was Chris' life like when he had 7 If Chris hadn' t had the operation he
hiccups? A would have worse hiccups than
A The hiccups prevented him from before.
sleeping. B would have a much shorter life
B The hiccups affected his social life. expectancy.
C The hiccups stopped for a short time C would not be able to see now.
each day.
3 What action did doctors initially take to
5 0 Work in pairs.
deal with the problem? 1 Were your ideas for exercise 2 correct?
A They performed unsuccessful surgery 2 In the interview Andy says 'It's difficult to
on Chris. list all the ways his life is better now.' In what
ways might Chris' daily life have changed
B They advised Chris to use alternative
for the better since the hiccups stopped?
therapies.
C They gave Chris medicine for
depression.
4 Chris went to Japan
A to appear on a TV show.
B to study traditional]apanese
remedies.
C to have a medical examination.
5 It was discovered that
A Chris also had problems with his
eyesight.
B Chris needed surgery that carried a
lot of risk.
C Chris had a cancerous growth in the
brain.

122
 Unit 10 Ctianges

Vocabulary: Health
1 Complete each gap with one of these words from the listening.

therapy illness side-effects cure symptoms

operations pam passed out sick

1 I once ............ after an injury because of the intense .... ........ I suffered.
2 I've never suffered any ............ from medication I've been prescribed.
3 I would definitely use an alternative ............ ifi were very ill.
4 The smell of petrol used to make me feel ............ when I was a child.
5 I'm not sure what the ............ of depression actually are.
6 Soon surgeons will be able to perform ............ to replace any part of our bodies.
7 I don' t know anyone who has never been away from school because of ............ .
8 I believe that one day they'll find a ............ for everything and then we'll live forever.

2 0 How true are these statements for you?

Language focus: Causative passive with have

1 We use the causative passive when the subject arranges for something to be
done by someone else. Look at these sentences about Chris's story. Underline
the subject, all the parts of the verb and the object in the sentences. Then
complete the rule.
Lastyear Chris had the tumour removed.
Next month he'll have some X-rays taken to check that the tumour hasn't returned.
The Japanese doctor has had several articles on hiccups published in medical journals.
The causative passive is formed by using subject + correct form of __ + object +
_participle.

Read more about causative passive with have in the Grammar Reference.
2 Complete the first gap in each sentence with the correct form of have and the
second gap with the past participle of a verb from the box.
restyle whiten redecorate service check

1 My mum always ........ her blood pressure ........ every six months because of her
condition. The local chemist does it for her.
2 I ....... . my bedroom .... ........ last week. It looks awful and I'm going to do it
myself next time.
3 I'm going to ............ my hair ............ on my next visit. I'm getting really bored
with the way it looks.
4 My dad usually ............ his car ............ once a year. It keeps the engine running well.
5 It's not the first time Delia ............ her teeth ............ .I think it cost her a fortune!

3 0 Work in pairs. Tell your partner about something:

• you have done regularly
e.g. I have my teeth checked every six months.
yo u would like to have done
• you would never have done
• you need to have done.

123
 •
evew
FCE Use of English Part 4: Transformations
--------------------------------------~

For questions 1-8, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the
first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use
between two and five words, including the word given.
1 Dave and Roxy regret getting married abroad.
WISH
Dave and Roxy ........................................................ married abroad.
2 It was wrong of you to stop taking the tablets without asking the doctor.
SHOULD
You ....................................................... . the tablets without asking the doctor.
3 I would really like to hear from Gary.
WISH
I ....................................... ................. phone me.
4 It's a pity we can't afford the car we looked at.
ONLY
If .................. ...................................... the car we looked at.
5 I'm not happy about having to get up at 5.30 in the morning for this new job.
WISH
I ........................................................ to get up at 5.30 in the morning for this new job.
6 A top hairdresser did Sarah's hair for the wedding.
HAD
Sarah ....... ....... ................ .......................... a top hairdresser for the wedding.
7 The best heart surgeon will perform Russell's operation.
PERFORMED
Russell will ................................ ............... ......... by the best heart surgeon.
8 The council rejected our planning application.
HAD
We ........................................................ by the council.

Vocabulary
a Complete each gap in exercises a and b with one word.
1 A specially arranged bunch of flowers for a celebration is a ......... ... .
2 A child who is 11 is not yet a teenager but a ............ .
3 Something wrong with your body that is a sign of an illness is a ............ .
4 The man who is getting married is the ............ .
5 A young child who has just learned to walk is a ....... ..... .
b
1 Keep these old toy cars - don' t get rid .... ........ them. They might be worth a lot of money
one day.
2 It's almost worth having a row so that you can make ............ afterwards!
3 I first fell .. .......... my future husband when we were at secondary school but he was three
years older than me and completely ignored me.
4 All boys go ............ a stage when they can't stand girls. It doesn' t last long.
5 Helen's mum doesn' t approve ............ all her friends at university. She says they're not
serious enough about their studies!
6 Every time Jenna has an injection she passes ............ and has to lie down for half an hour.

124
 Review

FCE Use of English Part 3: Word formation

For questions 1-10, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some
of the lin es to form a word that fits in the gap in the same line. There is an example at the
beginning (0). Write your answers IN CAPITAL LETTERS.

Let's celebrate ... our divorce!

Divorce rates today are (0) 6.P.:r?.6IS~... .T.hY. the lowest in the UK since d1e 1970s, APPARENT
but the number is still high and provides an income for a very (1) .... ......... LIKELY
industry - cake-making. Everyone is aware of the (2) ............. of the wedding IMPORTANT
cake when couples get married but today, the occasion of a couple's divorce
is also being seen as a (3) .. ....... .... . Many have special parties and together CELEBRATE
cut a (4) ............. divorce cake to show that the time has come to move on. COMIC
Cake-maker Fay Miller accepts that some people might think her cakes are
rather insensitive but she insists that her (5) ............. bring humour to the CREATE
occasion and can encourage a positive attitude to a failed marriage. There
are obviously those who disapprove but she has received a (6) ............. small RELATIVE
number of actual (7) ............. . The demand for Fay's cakes in recent months COMPLAIN
has been (8) ............. high . She is extremely encouraged by this growth in SURPRISE
her business. 'I have a lot of (9) ............. in what I have achieved,' says Fay. PROUD
'This started off as a small family business and I certainly had no
(10) ............. of expanding so quickly, but it looks as though I might have to! ' INTEND

FCE Writing Part 2

Write an answer to one of the following. Write 3 You see this notice in your college
your answer in 120-180 words in an magazine.
appropriate style.
1 You have seen this announcement in a Write us your review!
popular magazine. Have you seen any interesting films recently
about people who have lived through big
Article Competition life changing events? Write a review for us ,
saying what it was about, why it was
Have you ever thought about what interesting and whether you wou ld
might have happened if you 'd sent a recommend it to other people .
particular email? Write an article
entitled The email I wish I'd sent! and
we will choose the best to publish in Write your review.
next month's edition of the magazine.
4 Your teacher has asked you to write a
story for an international magazine. T h e
Write your article. story must begin with the following
words:
2 Your teacher has asked you to write an
essay giving your opinions on the I should never have opened the letter.
following statement. Write your story.
Having hopes and dreams is one ofthe most
important things in our lives.
Write your essay.

For information on writing articles , essays, reviews and

stories see pages 142- 145 in the Writing Bank.

125
 d a
Unit 1
Use of English Part 1: Multiple-choice doze Page 9

• There are several reasons why only one of the four options fits the gap. For example:
1 It is the only word with the correct meaning.
Several trees blew down during the recent .... .... .. .
A gales ,j B blows C draughts D bursts
2 It is part of a collocation .
A .. .. ... ... breeze caused the high grass to move from side to side.
A narrow B slim C light ,j D pale
3 It is the correct preposition or part of a phrasal verb.
My role model and the person I look .... ... ... most is my father.
A down on B up to ,j C back on D forward to
4 It is the only word which fits grammatically.
My parents always ... .... ... me to do sport, but I was never very good .
A suggested B said C tried D encouraged ,j
• Recording new vocabulary in context enables you to see how it is used in combination with
other words.

Speaking Part 1: Personal questions Page 13

----~----------------------~
Student A
Write one more question for each subject. Then ask your partner the questions.

ADVERTS
1 What' s your favourite advert at the moment? Why?
2 Do you like watching commercials on TV? Why/ Why not?
3 Can you remember a rea lly annoying advertisement that you saw on TV when you were
younger?
4 ___________________________________________________ ?

CELEBRITIES
1 Tell us about a celebrity from your country.
2 Do you like to read about celebrities' lives? Why/ Why not?
3 Would you like to be famous? Why/ Why not?
4

126
 Additional material

Unit 2
Writing Part 2: Articles Page 27
----------------------------------------~

A WIA rJ to !zeep fi-t .. . lA V'vd VM.UCitl VM.Ore

CIAV'v ijOU tltl~V'viz of a better WIAt:J of !zeep~V'vg ~V'v sltlape tltliAV'v ta!z~V'vg part ~V'v a teaVM. sport?
Last ijeiAr 1tooiz up voLLet:JbiALL, IAV'vd as weLL as be~V'vg title fi-ttest I'Ve ever beell'v, I'VM. aLso a Lot
V11A-p-p~er.

IV'v title -past I'd tr~ed go~V'vg to title gt:JVM. IAV'vd I'd aLso beell'v rull'vll'v~V'vg, but 1Lost ~V'vterest IAV'vd
gave tltleVM. botltl u-p . Wltlij? B.ecause I WIAS IALWIAt:JS OV'v VM.ij OWV'v, /AV'vd ~t W/ASV'v't V'veiArL!j lAS
ev0ot:JIAbLe as doLV'vg soVM.etltl~V'vg togetltler w~tltl otltler -peo-pLe . Now 1 ltlave a great t~VM.e durLV'vg
-practLce sess~oll'vs, IAV'vd I'Ve VM.IAde Lots of V'vew fr~ell'vds .
PLIA!j~V'vg voLLet:JbaLL ltlas ltleL-ped VM.e w~tltl VM.ij exaVM.s, too. It g~ves VM.e a breaiz froVM. VM.ij stud~es,
cLears VM.ij VM.~V'vd IAV'vd VM.IA!zes VM.e feeL good. so after a gaVM.e I'VM. VM.ucltl VM.ore abLe to s~t at VM.ij
des!z IAV'vd carrtl OV'v w~tltl VM.ij rev~s~oll'v.
if ijOU doll'v't do IAV'vij teiAVM. s-ports, tltlell'v s~gll'v u-p for OV've V'vOW- as weLL as !zee-p~V'vg ijOU
-pltlt:JS~caLLt:J
IAV'vd VM.ell'vtiALLt:J fi-t, ~t's great full'v IAV'vd WOV'vderfuL for !jOUr soc~IAL L~fe . Wltl/At couLd
be better'
A Read the model answer again and match features 1-3 below to their functions a - c.
1 T h e title a to leave the reader with som ething to think about
2 T he op ening ques ti o n b to a ttract the read er's attention and give an idea of the
article's gen eral content
3 T he closing ques tion c to involve the read er from the start

B a Is the article written in a formal or informal style?

b Find examples of the following features in the model:
1 Contractio ns: e.g. I've
2 Ph rasal verbs: e.g. took up
3 Conj unctio ns at the beginning of sentences e.g. Because

C The writer of the model answer has used a good range of vocabulary and stru ctures.
Underline the structures which are used to make comparisons, similar to th ose you saw
on page 25 in this unit.
Example:
CIAV'v ijOU tltl~V'viz of a better WIA!j of izee-p~V'vg ~V'v sltla-pe tltliAV'v ta!z~V'vg -part ~V'v a teiAVM. s-port?

127
"'"·-·" 11 ••
Add1t1onal material

Unit 3
FCE Speaking Part 3: Collaborative task Page 37

• This is an interactive task so make sure that you talk to your partner (not the examiner)
and respond to h1s or her comments as well as giving your own opinion.
• Don't just describe the photos and what you can see in them. Remember there is a
task, which is written in the form of a question above the pictures. Look at the
quest ion again if necessary to make sure you are answering it.
• There are a lways two parts to the task. First you have to talk about the pictures and
then make some sort of decision. Don 't make the decision at the beginning or too
qu1ckly because then you will finish early. It's better to spend longer discussing the
pictures even 1f you don 't manage to talk about them all.
• Don 't worry if the examiner has to stop you. This means that you have a lot to say,
which is good.
• You don 't have to agree with your partner about which jobs would be the most
difficult.

Unit 4
Word Formation: Prefixes Page 47
3 In 1-6, one of the four words in bold has 4 The safety measures a t this funfair have
been given the wrong prefix. Find the been introduced to enable you to enjoy
words and correct them. yourself without endangering your own
life or that of others. Furthermo re, in
1 Paul's teacher said she was growing
order to ensure that everyone has the
impatient with his behaviour problems.
bes t time possible, we encourage adults
According to her, he is extremely
from allowing children to go on any ride
impolite and impleasant in the
they consider inappropriate.
classroom, and she is finding him
increasingly impossible to teach. 5 Jake's irregular attendance at football
practices annoyed his teammates, who
2 Unfortunately, Chris is still
considered him to be an irresponsible
unemployed. He was arrested for
and irreliable member of the team.
driving while drunk last June and
They felt it was irrelevant that he was
unqualified from driving for two years.
going through a bad time with his
So he lost his job with the delivery
company and h e's unlikely to find work girlfriend.
as a driver again. 6 Ch ris maintained that scientists had
been dishonest in t heir attempts to
3 Most youngsters who start work with us
at 16 are incapable of making decisions persuade the public of the seriousness of
global warming, which he said was not
for themselves. Helen's independence
as bad as they made it out to be. I
and abili ty to work on her own is
inusual in someone so inexperienced. disagreed strongly, pointing to the
disappearing Arctic ice as proof of the
problem, but was disable to convince
him.

128
 Additional material

Vocabulary: Verb collocations Page SO

3 For a-f write each verb from exercise 1 next to the three items of vocabulary with which it
forms common collocations. The first one has been done for you.

a VlA.CJ Re c e

sure in touch with calm

an effort better a promtse

sense rid of an eye on

b d f
ages to as a surpnse a record
a close look at to an end the law
a break to the conclusion that into (a building)

4 Rewrite the sentences replacing the words in bold with an appropriate collocation from
exercise 3.
Example: Could you please try to be nice to your brother?

C-otALc\ !::JW pLect"e Vv~.ii!Re illll'v effort to be 11\,~c,e to !::JWr brotner?

1 The doctor carefully examined the injury.

2 The news of their divorce was unexpected.
3 When arrested, Smith said he hadn' t done anything illegal.
4 Can we throw away all your old toys?
5 In the event of a fire, do not panic.
5 Choose four of the collocations from exercise 3 and write sentences like those in exercise
4. Then give your sentences to your partner, who will rewrite them using the appropriate
collocations.

Unit 2

Speaking Part 1: Personal uestions Pa e 13

Student B
Write one more question for each subject. Then ask your partner.

THE WEATHER
What sort of weather do you dislike? Why?
2 Tell us about the weather on your last holiday.
3 Do you think the climate of your country affects the people? Why/ not?
4 _____________________________________ ?

SHOPPING
1 Tell us about something interesting you've bought recently.
2 Do you prefer to go shopping alone or with friends?
3 Do you do a lot of shopping online? Why/ not?
4 ___________________________________________ ?
Additional material

Unit 5
FCE Use of English Part 3: Word formation Page 60
1 For questions 1-10, read the text b elow. Use the word given in cap itals a t the end of some
of the lines to form a word th a t fits in the gap in the same line. There is an example at the
beginning (0).

Remember

Check yo ur s pelli ng. An in correctly spelled

word wi ll rece ive no ma rks a t a ll in th e First
Certificate exa min ation.

Ring-necked parakeets
Originally from India, the ring-necked parakeet has become a common
(0) s.~ght in recent years in a number of European cities, including SEE
London, Paris, Amsterdam, Cologne and Barcelona. In the UK there are
now more than 50,000 individuals and the numbers are growing. Three
factors have contributed to the (1) of this exotic outsider: SURVIVE
a (2) food supply, a tolerable climate and a distinct lack of RELY
(3) from other species. Parakeets feed on a wide variety of COMPETE
seeds, berries, fruit and nuts, which are all ( 4) available in FREE
urban parks and gardens. As a native of the Himalayan foothills , they
can live (5) in the cold winters of north ern Europe, where COMFORT
they have been breeding in the wild for over forty years. And as they
begin nesting in holes in trees as early as January, they normally get
first choice of nesting sites. These (6) but very noisy birds COLOUR
receive mixed (7) in those countries where they settle: REACT
loved by some, they are considered (8) visitors by others, WELCOME
who see them as a threat to native species of birds that share similar
habitats. So far, however, there has been little (9) of this, EVIDENT
though there are fears that parakeets could become a problem for fruit-
growers and other farmers if they continue to breed at the current rate.
In Britain they enjoy a high level of (10) under wildlife PROTECT
legislation, but it is now possible to obtain a licence to control their
numbers in exceptional circumstances.
 Additional material l:
2 From your answers for 1-10 in exercise 1 add the nouns to the appropriate column of the
noun list in your notebook.
3 0 What reaction do/would parakeets receive where you live?
How easily would these animals adapt to living in the wild in your area? Give reasons.

giraffe camel crocodile bear

Un it 5
FCE Speakin Part 4: Further discussion Page 61
0 Discuss the following questions with your partner.
Do you think it would be interesting to work in an isolated place? Why?/ Why not?
How important is it to be happy in your job?
Some people would prefer not to have to work. Why do you think that is?
How well do you think schools prepare young people for the world of work?
Some people think that all young people should work in the summer holidays to earn
money? What do you think?
How difficult is it for young people in your area to find work?

Unit 6
FCE Writing Part 1: Email Page 75
~------------------------------------~
-- --

Help
• When you have finished writing, check your email. Have I included some linking devices?
Answer these questions about it: Is the spelling correct?
Have I used and developed all the notes appropriately? Is the style ofthe email appropriate and consistent?
Have I organized the email into logical paragraphs? • What do you think is the best way to improve
Are the grammatical structures and vocabulary your vocabulary?
appropriate and accurate?

Unit 7
Vocabulary: Prepositions Page 83
4 a Choose five of the verb + preposition or preposition + noun phrases from exercise 2
which were not used in exercise 3. Write a sentence for each, leaving a gap where the verb
or noun should be, as in exercise 3.
Example:

Title otitler o!rLver crClsitleo! L111-to title bClcR of V~A.!::J cClr so itle's title 0111-e witlo's Clt ___________, 111-ot
V~A.e. [Answer:fault]
b Give your sentences to another student to complete.

131
Additional material

FCE Writing Part 2: Reports Page 87

• Underline key words in the question to ensure that you answer it correctly.
• Plan what you are going to write. You might consider the following places:
fast food restaurants with healthy options salad bars cheap seafood restaurants
restaurants with healthy national dishes foreign restaurants
Remember, you can invent information for your report if you want to.
• Organize your ideas into paragraphs, including a brief introduction and conclusion.
• Give the report and each of the paragraphs a heading.
• Use some of the language from the model.
• When you have fini shed , check your answer for grammar and spelling mistakes .
• See page 146 for more information on writing reports.

Unit 8
Speaking Part 2: Talking about photos Page 92
'
. Help These photographs show people who need to remember things for their work.
!, '
Student A: Compare the photographs and say what sort of things they need to remember.
The qu estion Student
B s a sked after Student B: When your partner has finished, answer the following question.
Stude nt A has Which job would you prefer to have?
fi n shed speaking is
sometimes about
wh ch job/ sport/
ac t vi ty etc. you
wo ul d prefer. Say
wh1c h you would
prefe r and give a
reaso n.

Useful
language
Fo ' me, being a tour language focus: Passive of reporting verbs Page 98
gu :Je would be better
bee a use ... a Rewrite these sentences using the two passive structures from exercise 1 on page 98. The
I'd much prefer to be first one has been done for you.
a to ur guide because 1 People expect that video games will become even more complex in the future .

I'd like ... a lot more It e.x:pected tltlot v~deo gow..es w~LL becow..e eve ~~~, w..ore cow..pLe.x ~~~~,title fL{tt..{re .
~s
th a n ... because ... v~deo gow..es ore e.xpected to becow..e eve ~~~, w..ore cow..pLe.x ~~~~,title fL{tL{re .
I'd rather be a ... than
a. 2 People expect that climate change will get much worse over the next couple of years.
3 People say that eating fish improves brain performance.
4 People think that social networking has made people more isolated.
5 People believe that English and Spanish are easy languages to learn.
6 People say that daily life is getting much faster for most of us.

b 0 Work in pairs. Do you agree with the statements?

132
 Additional material

Unit 9
language focus 1 : Conditionals Page 1 04
Student A
a Look at the sentence beginnings below. Consider the work and daily routines of the
speakers in bold and complete each sentence in an appropriate way. Include one or two
clues which will help your partner guess the profession of each speaker.
Example:
1 Footballer: I often go to a n ig ht club o n T uesd ay, unless ...

1. we V1e~ve e~ c,l-{:p w.e~tc.V1 oV~- weciV~-escie~tj V\,~gV1t.

2 Long-distance lorry driver: I'd better stop fo r a res t soo n, o therwise ...
3 Firefighter: Ifl didn't u se the gym at work every d ay, ...
4 Teacher: I'd enjoy this jo b more if ...
5 Model: It's a great life. Ifl hadn' t chosen this as a career, ...
6 Golfer: I might h ave won if ...

b 0 Read out your completed sentences to Student B who will try to guess the profession
of the speaker.

Unit 9
language focus: Relative clauses Page 11 0
Student A
Useful
a Write definitions for words a-fusing relative clauses, but without mentioning the words
in your definitions. The numbers in brackets refer to the units of this book in which the language
words appeared. All the words can be found in one of the Vocabulary sections in the
This adjective
relevant unit. describes a person
Example: referee who/ that/ whose .. . I
a thing which/ that ...
(l?) TV1Ls V~-O(..{VI- ~.s Cl -per.soV~- wltlo.sejob ~t ~.s to eV~-S(..{re tltle~t -pLCltjer.s ~V\, ge~w.es .S(..{t-1.1 e~.s footbe~LL
This noun is a place
ClV~-d be~.sfzetbe~LL obetj title Y(..{Les. where ... /a type of ...
which/ that .. . / a group
a downpo ur ( 1) of people who .. .
b gale (1)
c wrinkled (3)
d tubby (3)
e package ho lid ay (4)
f d em o n stratio n (6)

b Read out the definitions you have written to Student B, who will tell you which words you
have defined.

133
..... A~ditional material

Writing Part 2: Set books Page 106

Write an answer to one of the following in 120-180 words with reference to the set book you
have read.
1 Here is an extract from a letter you have received from your English penfriend, Chris.

LUze V1er so I-'VI.uc¥1. WV1o Ls !jOur f~AvourLte cl1ClrClcter froi-'VI. t¥le

/AII\,c;\ tl1Clt's w¥li:jl
booR. Clll\,c\ w¥li:j? WrLte Clll\,c\ teLL I-'VI.e.
GV1rLs

Write a letter to Chris giving your opinion. Do not write any postal addresses.

2 You see this notice in your college magazine.

The film of the book - Reviews wanted

Have you seen a film version of a book you have read ? If so, write us a review
saying which you preferred, the film or the book, and why.

Write your review.

3 Your English teacher has given you this essay for homework:
In your opinion, which character changes the most in the book?
Write your essay explaining your views.

4 Your English teacher is thinking of using the set book again with another group of
students she is preparing for the First Certificate exam. She has asked your class to write a
report explaining the positive and negative points about using the set book you have read
and saying whether you would recommend her to use it again.
Write your report.

5 You see this notice in your college magazine.

TheW rong Ending -Articles wanted!

We would like you to send us yo ur articles on books whose endings you
didn't li ke. Write us an article telling us:
• how your book ended
• w hy you weren't happy w ith it
• how you would change it.

Write your article.

Once you have chosen the question you want to answer:

• underline key words in the question e.g. classic novel, article, why, still popular today.
• write down ideas which are relevant to the question .
• select those ideas you will include and organise them into paragraphs.
• write your answer, if possible including one or two relevant short quotations from the
book.
• check your answer for mistakes .

134
 Additional material

Unit 9
Word formation: Nouns 2 Page 107
Use the word given in capitals at the end of each line to form a noun that fits in the gap in
the same line. The noun required may be:

formed using an uncommon suffix e.g. behave-+ behaviour

the result of a spelling change e.g. think -+ thought

• a compound noun e.g. net -+ network

There is an example at the beginning (0).

When he finished his exams, Paolo felt a huge sense of (0) reLLef RELIEVE
as if an enormous (1) ____ had been lifted from his shoulders. It was WEIGH
the (2) of summer, of course, so he'd only been able to work HIGH
in the evenings, as the midday (3) slowed him down and made HOT
studying virtually impossible. In (4) to his teacher's advice, he RESPOND
had made himself a revision (5) ____ ,which he'd kept to, and he TIME
had worked hard to commit the ( 6) of the past year to memory. KNOW
This course had not been his first (7) and he had found it CHOOSE
difficult, (8) _ _ _ _ of which were the low marks he had received for PROVE
much of his coursework. There could be no (9) , however, if COMPLAIN
he failed; he had done his best. Now the holidays were in (10) _ _ __ SEE
and he could look forward to a well-deserved rest.

b 0 Do you plan your revision when studying for exams? Why/Why not?

Unit 9
language focus: Conditionals Page 1 04
Student B
a 0 Look at the sentence beginnings below. Consider the work and daily routines of the
speakers in bold and complete each sentence in an appropriate way. Include one or two
clues which will help your partner guess the profession of each speaker.
Example:
1 Dustman: I'd better have a shower now, otherwise .. .
1. I'LL SVlA.eLL of rotteV\, fooci. ti!V\-ci. otltter rtAbbLsltt .

2 Novelist: I'll never finish this book unless ...

3 Farmer: Ifi went on holiday, ...
4 Tourist guide: I'd enjoy this job more if .. .
5 Soldier: It's a great life. Ifi hadn't chosen this as a career, ...
6 Tennis player: I might have won if ...

b 0 Read out your completed sentences to Student A who will try to guess the profession
of the speaker.
Additional material

Unit 9
Language focus: Relative clauses Page 11 0
Student B
a Write definitions for words a-fusing relative clauses, but without mentioning the wor d s
in yo ur d efinitio ns . The numbers in brackets refer to th e units of this book in wh ich the
words appeared . All the words can be found in one of the Vocabulary sections in the
relevant unit.
Example: referee
(I?) TV!~.s 11\,QI,{V\, ~.s iA
per.soll\, wV!o.sejob ~t ~.s to ell\,.sl,{re tV!tAt pL~AtJer.s ~11\, g~AV1Ae.s .SI,{CVJ lAS footb~ALL
lAV\,Gl b~A.sR.etb~ALL obetJ tV!e ri,{Le.s.
Useful a p itch (2)
language b goggles (2)
T h s adjective c forgery (3)
d e cribes a person
d fu ssy (5)
Nhj thatj whose ... I
a t hing which/ that ... e even-tem pered (5)
Tr s noun is a pl ace f cas t (S)
Nr re .. . j a type of ...
NY chj that ... j a grou p b Read out the d efinitions you have written to Student A, who will tell you which words you
of peo ple who .. . h ave d efined .

Unit 10
Speaking Part 2: Talking about photos Page 118

These photographs show people whose lives are soon going to change.
Student A: Co mpare the photographs, and say wh a t sort of chan ges they can expect.
Stud ent B: When yo ur pa rtner has finish ed, an swer the fo llowing q ues tio n.
Which person's life do yo u think will ch an ge the most?

13 6
 Additional material

Unit 10
Writing Part 1: Email Page 119 Remember!
A computer exp ert is coming to you r school to give a talk and d emonstration about the • Add ress and develop
latest ch anges an d advances in computer technology. You h ave b een a sk ed to h elp organise all the notes in the task.
the visit. Read the email you h ave received fro m Mr. Richard s, th e computer exp ert, and the
notes you h ave made. Then write an email to Mr. Harrison using all your notes. • Use appropriate
formal expressions from
the model.
email
• Use clear paragraphing.
• Use li nkers you have
From: Sean Richards
studied in other units in
Sent : 18th November the book.
Yes, cvB"'-\\iz.ec:A. -
Bive c:A.ei-01.ils Subject: Talk at Masters School
• Check grammar,
spelling and punctuation
I shall be trave · ur school by car and plan to arrive at about when you have fin ished .
10.30. Could you arrange parking for me?
Could you also tell me how much computer experience the students in
the group already have?
I shall be talking about recent developments in fighting online fraud . 1-'\i:><e.:A. e:><pevie\\ce
Are there any other aspects of computer technology you would like me - e:><pl01.i\\
to talk about?
y schedule shows that my talk finishes at 12 .30. Could you confirm
that please ?
I look forward to meeting you all.
Yours sincerely Cc\\-llviM 12 .'30 -
Sean Richards SV.BBesi- lv.\\cl-. t\\ ,..

Write your email in 120- 150 words . You must use grammatically correc t sentences with
accurate spelling and punctuation in a style appropriate for the situation.
 a
Part 1 : Forma l letters and emails
Your family is renting a cottage in England
for one week this summer. Read the letter
which the owner, Mrs Williams, has written to
you and the notes you have made. Then write
a letter to Mrs Williams, using all your notes.

I h ave reserved Dov e Cottage for you and your family from Friday 29th
July to Friday 5th August.
If you would like to stay for two further nights, this is also possible as the
cottage is free until midday on Sunday 7th August.
\ell ~YS \0\yloV'
~ You can pick up the keys at my house in the town centre or I can meet
~you at the cottage. Which would you prefer?
Could you give me an idea of what time you will be arriving?
The cottage is well equipped and very comfortable and I am sure you will
_ ~enjoy your stay here.
H"'s d- ~oi- ··· · Yours sincerely
Mrs J . Williams

Model answer

Decw Mrs wLLLLe1~s. appropriate use of

linking words and
. . --TV!Clvd~. 0i:::7 ou for 0i:::7 our Letter coV\,-&r~LV\,1/1 our res.erve1tLoV\, . V\.VI,fortuV\,ClteLrJ, we
relev nt b egmnmg phrases
wLLL V\,Ot be e1bLe to exteV\,c! our s.telrJ LV\, tV!e cott111ge UV\,tLL suV\,c!ClrJ f " August,
bewus.e ~r1 fC1tV!er V1e1s. to returV\, to woriz OV\, tV!e SClturc!ClrJ.
where possible,
if t)OU c!o Mt ~LV\,c!, we wouLc! rC!tV!er coLLect tV!e !ze ~ s. fro~ ~ ou Cit Dove ----:--avoid copying
organ izing p 'nts
o={ Cottii!V\e, s.o tV!C!t we c!o V\,Ot VtC!Ve to s.peV\,c! tL~e c!rLvLV\,g tV!rougV! tV!e bust! language from
into logical towV\, ceV\,tre LooizLV\,g for s.o~ewV!ere to p111r!z. we V!ope to be tV!ere betweeV\, fwe input material
paragra phs 1/!V\,cl s.Lx o'c.Lociz. However, we wLLL pV!oV\,e ~ ou 111fter LuV\,cV! oV\, ) uL ~ 291:!1 LV\, orc!er
to V~Lve ~ou e1 ~ore ex111ct tL~e of C!nLVC!L.

consistently 1wouLc! be grll!tefuLLf t)OU couLc! teLL ~e wV!etV!er tV!ere t.s.

formal style LV\, tV!e cott111ge, Cls. tV!Ls. wLLL V!eL us. c!ecLc!e V!ow ~ucV! c.LotV!LV\,
relevant
us..
expansion of
appropriate J we Loolz forwll!rc! to ~eetLV\,V\ ~ou LV\, ) uL ~. notes
end ing ~ y ours. s.LV\,cereL~
K.C!rL MC!Ler

Write your letter in 120-1 50 words. You must use grammatically correct sentences with
accurate spelling and punctuation in a style appropriate to the situation.

138
 Writing bank

Useful language for formal letters and emails

Beginnings and endings Making suggestions and

Dear Sir or Madam & Yours faithfully recommendations

Dear Ms Bentley & Yours sincerely I suggest you (take a taxi to the station).
I strongly advise you to (buy tickets in
advance).
Asking for information
I recommend (hiring a car at the
Could you tell me/exp lain ...
airport).
I would be grateful; I was wondering if
you could tell me ...
Closing remarks
I would like/be interested to know ...
I look forward to your rep ly/ heari ng
from you/ meeting you.
Expressing preferences
Thank you in anticipation for your help.
We would prefer to (cycle) rather than
(walk).
I would rather (stay in a hotel) than
(sleep in a tent).
I feel it would be better to (travel on
Friday) than (Saturday).

Task
Your family wants to rent a seaside apartment for
one week this summer. Read the letter which the
owner, Mrs Jones, has written to you and the
notes you have made. Then write a letter to Mrs
Jones, using all your notes.

'les, b ect'\t.A.Se ... I have two apartments available from Friday 24th June to Saturday 2nct JuJy. You
---------would have to leave the apartment at 9.30 on Saturday morning. Is this
convenient to you?
One of the apartments is on the fourth floor with a view of the sea, the other is
on the ground floor with direct access to the swimming pool. Which would you
As\:. 1-\vs jo\\eS prefer?
0\POI.A.i- ... ~ Bathroom towels are provided. For a small extra charge I can also provide
~ towels for the beach and swimming pool. Would you require these?- - - - -
\ell 1-\YS j O\\eS
Is there anything else you would like to know about the cottage or the area?
Yours sincerely
MrsGJones

Write your letter in 120-150 words. You must use grammatically correct sentences with
accurate spelling and punctuation in a style appropriate to the situation.

139
Writing bank

Part 1: Inform al letters and emails

You will soon b e going to visit your En glish-sp eaking friend P eter fo r a week end. Read
Peter' s em ail to yo u , and the not es you h ave mad e. Then write a n em ail t o Pet er, using all
your notes .

From: Peter
Sent: 12th May
Yes! Subject: Nat ure Day

Here's something that might interest you. The local Natural History
· ty is holdi ng its annual 'Nature Day' the weekend you come to
v isit me. Do yo u fancy going to it?
There's a guided nature walk on Saturday afternoon, and in the
Ask Pe+-ev- +-o
-{1\\.J. Ol.\r , . . evening there's a choice of two illustrated talks: 'Interesting Insects' or
'The Mysteries of Bird Migration'. Which would you prefer?
There 's a meeti ng of the Society tomorrow night, so if there 's
you want me to ask the organisers about the event, let me know .
And is there anything special you'd like to do on the Sunday you're
her aven't made any plans yet.

\-low "'PO\.\i- , .. ?

Write you r email in 120-150 wo rd s. You m u st u se gra mma tically correct senten ces with
accurate sp elling and p unctua tion in a style a ppropriate fo r the sit uation.

Model answer

To: Peter
Sent: 12th May
Subject: Nature Day

informa l sty le - 1- H~ Peter

ap p ropriate ---
beginning ...---

lin king words for

we ll-constructed
sentences

}
As for tV!e wc.1L!z ~V\.,
tV!e C-1fterVcOOVc, couLd tJOU c.1s!z tV!e orgC-1Vc~sers wV!ere e.x.c.1ctLtJ or~a n i~i ng
po 1nts 1n to
~t'LL te~ize pLe~ce? if ~t's Vcot ~V\., tV!e V!~LLs VcWr (jOur V!ouse, perV!e~ps tJW C!Vcd 1
logical
couLd go tV!ere OVc tV!e SuVcdC!tJ C!Vcd V!e~ve C! p~cVcLc. 1 rwLLtJ ev0otJed ~t wV\eVc we paragraphs
weVct tV!ere two tJeC!rs e~go.
LooizLVcg forwe~rd to seeLVcg kJOU sooVc.
appropriate {
end ing "15.est w~sV!es
RutV!

140
 Writing bank

Useful language for informal letters and emails

Beginnings and opening remarks Making suggestions

Hi Alex/ Dear Jo Perhaps we could (go to the cinema).
Thanks for you email/ letter. Why don't we/ you (buy Sara a watch)?
It was great/ lovely/ nice to hear from How about (spending the day on the
you . beach)?
I think wej you should (walk there).
Expressing enthusiasm
I'd love to/ I'd be delighted to (go to the Closing remarks and endings
festival). (I'm) looking forward to seeing you/
That sounds great/ fantastic/ hearing from you soon.
marvellous/ fascinating etc. (I) can 't wait to see you again.
What an excellent/ a great/ a wonderful Best wishes/ All the best/ Bye for now
etc idea!

Preferences
I'd prefer to (have a picnic) rather than
(eat in a restaurant).
I'd rather (play tennis) than (go
swimming).
I think it'd be better to (phone Chris)
than (text him).

Task
You have just received an email from your English-speaking friend Ana asking if you' d like
to go to an international sporting event. Read Ana' s email and the notes you have made.
Then write an email to Ana using all your notes.

From: Ana
Sent: 4 April
Subject: Universiade
Yes!
As you know, the World University Games, or 'Universiade', is being
n ere this summer - it's the most important sports event after the
Olympics. Would you like to go?
My dad is on the organizing committee and he can get us free tickets
for either swimming on June 30th or basketball on July Sth. Which
would you prefer?
You can find out more about the Universiade on the internet - or you
can ask me. As my dad's involved, I've become an expert!
You're welcome to stay with us as long as you like. Is there anything
special you fancy doing while you're here?
Ana

Write your email in 120-150 words. You must use grammatically correct sentences with
accurate spelling and punctuation in a style appropriate for the situation.
Writing bank

Part 2: Articles
You see this announcement in Technology Today magazine:

Life without a computer?

How different would your life be if you did not have a
computer at h ome?
Write and tell u s and we will publish the best articles .

Write your article.

Model answer · fi 11 · k.
· · ·I m orma m tng
mtedres,ttng ttt e. to attract~ 7 devices
rea er s attentton A coVV~:puter-free V1oVV~.e? y es., -p Lee~s.e1

. WV1C!t Cl -pLws.u re tV1e~t wouLd bel For OV~ve tV1LV~-g , Lt wouLd be V\1\.ucl-1 ee~s.Ler
open tng sentence / . . . .
relevant to title / V\1\.0Ve t.V'v our V1ous.e t.f we got rt.d of our tlttree PC.s. C!V~vd two Le~ptops.. AVI-d wt.tl-1
VIvO prLV~-ters., s.pee~Rers., Retjboe~rds. or wLres., tV1ere'd be Les.s. dus.t evertJwV1ere .
C.C!V'v !::JOU LV\1\.C!CILV~-e, too, lttow {C!V\1\.LL!::J reLe~tLoV~-s. wouLd LV\1\.-p rove? MtJ brother . .
fo r t his particular V\1\.t.glttt COV\1\.e out of lttLs. bedrOOV\1\. V\1\.0re ofteV~v, C!V'vd V\1\.tj de~d couLd LooR e~t dtrect questtons and
question type use V\1\.e re~tltter tV1C!V~- tV1e COV\1\.puter s.creeV~v wV1eV~v we're V1e~vLV~-g oV~ve or our re~re statements addressed
co mparatives and coV~vvers.CltLoV~vs.. we wouLd V1e~ve V\1\.0re tLVV~.e to pLC!tj ge~VV~.es. togetV1er, cooR
to the reader
would, might and could
rwL food or eve V~v tC!LR to wcl-1 otV1er.
NC!ture~LLtj, V1oVV~.eworR V\I\.LgV1t be V\1\.0re dLffi.-cuLt- I'd V1e~ve to us.e boof<.s. to
{t..V~vd LV~vforV\1\.Cl tLoV~v, C!V~vd wrLte evertjtV1LV~-g wLtl-1 Cl p e V~v LV~vs.tee~d of ttjpLV~-g Lt.
a live ly informal
"E.ut e~t Lws.t 1'd be Cl bLe to COV~vceV~vtrC!te V\1\.0re wLtV1out LV~vterruptLoV~vs. froV\1\. style throughout
eV\1\.C!LLs. CIV'vd oV~-LLV~ve cV1e~t V\1\.es.s.e~ges. . the article
. Le~s.t but V~-Ot Lee~s.t, jus.t tlttLV~-R of tV1e beV~ve£-ts. to VVI.!::J lttee~Ltl-1 . MtJ etjes.Lglttt
a n a ~usmg comment V\1\.Lgl-1 LV\1\.prove C!V~vd V\1\.tj bC!cR wouLdV~v't C!cltte froV\1\. s.LttLV~-g dowV~v C!LL title tLV\1\.e .
to fintsh ----_ wouLd C!V~v!::JOV~ve LLRe to bu!d Cl COVVI.puter1

Useful language for articles Task

Either write your o wn an swer to the task
Involving the reader above or write an answer to th e following
Ca n you imagine ... ? question in 120- 180 wo rd s:
Just think ...
You see this announcem ent in Music plus
Have you ever ... ? m agazin e:
How would you feel if .. . ?
Did you know that .. . ? Life without music?
Introducing points
How different would your life be if you
could not listen to music?
Firstly ... Secondly ... Finally ...
Write and tell us and we will publish the
For one thing .. . For another thing .. .
best articles.
Fi rst of a ll ... Wh at 's more ...
Last but not least ...
Write your article.
Attitude adverbs
Naturally, ... ( Not) surprisingly, ...
Interestingly, ... Wonryi ngly, ...
Persona lly, .. . (Un )fortunately, .. .

142
 Writing bank

Part 2: Essays
Your teacher has asked you to write an essay giving your opinions on the following
statement:
It is better to have a low-paid job you enjoy than a highly-paid job you dislike.

Write your essay.

Model answer
It ~s, better to nove o Low--po~djob kJOlA e~okJ tnovc o n~gnL(J--po~djob kJW d~s.Wze.
if possi ble, introduction
avoid repetition /V\OvctJ of lAS woL<.Ld Wze to nove ojob wn~tn ~s, botn weLL po~d ovcd e~ol:JobLe. explaining
of la nguage tA.vcfortL<.vcoteL!j, nowever, Vvl.ovcotovcoL<.s ovcd bodL(J--po~d wor~ ~s, tne reoL~ttj for Vvl.ost the issue
used in the title peopLe . NevertneLess, ~t ~s, ~vcterest~vcg to reflee-t ovc wn~tn ~s, Vvi.Ore ~Vvl.portovct to lAS:
job soHsfoe-t~ovc or Vvl.ovceld .
Dvc tne ovce novcd, eorvc~vcg 0 n~gn soLOrtJ oLLows !jOL<. to do tne tn~vcgs !jOlA wovct. It arguments in
use of formal ~ evcobLes !jOL<. to nove noL~dotJs ~vc exoHt pLoe-es, owvc tne noL<.se of tJWr drWVVI.S ovcd favour of one
li nking devices bL<.tJ tne Lotest tee-nvcoLogtJ· svevc ~f tJOL<. do vcot Wze tJWr job, ot Leost !jOL<. w~LL be } point of view
~nOpptj ~V\, tJOL<.r free HVVI.e.
ovc tne otner novcd, o weLL-po~d job woL<.Ld Vvi.Wvc wor~~vcg Lovcg noL<.rs, w~tn L~ttLe argume nts
free HVVI.e to ev0otJ !jOL<.r weoLtn . lSkJ c,ovctrost, o soHsftJ~vcgjob Vvi.Otj vcot Vvi.O~e in favour of
!jOL<. r~tn, bL<.t ~t Vvl.~gnt g~ve !jOL<. Vv~.ore tovctroL over tJOL<.r t~Vv~.e ovcd Vvi.O~e !jOL<. Vvi.Ore } a different
point of view
a p p ro priately c,ovctevcted w~tn tJWr L~fe.
forma l style lvc Vvl.!j op~vc~ovc, tne ~deoL soLL<.Hovc woL<.Ld be to spevcd severoL !jeors eorvc~vcg o Lorge conclus.i on
soLortJ, tnevc ft.-vcd o job !jOL<. reoLLtj wovct to do ovcd L~ve ovc !jOL<.r sov~vcgs. } - expressmg
your opm1on

Useful language for essays

Saying what people think Expressing your opinion Making additional points
Some/ Many people feel that ... I personally feel that .. . In addition (to this) , ...
Others argue that ... I firmly believe that .. . Furthermore, ...
One/ Another point of view is I partly/ fully agree that ... Moreover, ...
that ... In my opinion ... What is more, .. .
It is sometimes said/ claimed
that ... Expressing contrast (See pages 71 and 99 for
On the other hand ... further linking words and
It is widely believed that .. .
phrases.)
It is generally agreed that .. . However, .. .
. .. whereas .. .
Having said that, ...

Task
Either write your own answer to the task above or write an answer to the following question
in 120-180 words.

You have h ad a class discussion about holidays. Now your teacher has asked you to
write an essay, giving your opinion on the following statement:
Holidays in the countryside are much more enjoyable than holidays at the beach.
Write your essay.
Writing bank

Part 2: Reports
You are now reaching the end of your studies for the First Certificate in English
examination. Your teacher has asked you to write a report for new students at your school,
explaining what resources are available in the school to help students prepare for the
examination. You should include information on the resources in your school and advice on
how to use them.

Write your rep ort.

Model answer
sum manse
a s ui table ------------ IV~-tvochcct~oV~- the aim of
hea d ing f~x Title puvpose of titl ~s vepovt ~s to descv~be title vesouvces OVI- offev ~VI- title scitlooL fov} th.e report
ea ch sect1on of studeV~-ts pvepcw~ V~-g fov title F~vst c.evt~-f1.-c!Ate e.x.IAVtA.~V~-IAHoV~- !AVI-d coV~-s~dev WIA!::JS Withou t
t he repo rt ---------- to VtA.IARe title best use of titleVtA. . copy 1.ng the
---------- word1ng of
!SooR-s the question
Title L~bv~Avt:J coV~-tiA ~V~-s lA w~de seLect~oV~- ofvwdevs !AVI-d V~-OVeLs su~t~Able fov
studeV~-ts !At titl~s Lev~ It ~s lA good ~dw to ve~Ad !At Le~Ast oV~-e booR- lA VtA.oV~-titl
_____....[...,~"'" 'er tAev to becoVtA.e f!AV~A.~L~!Av w~titliA VIAV~-ge of voc~AbuLIAvt:J !AVI-d stvuctuves. a variety of
a range ~ -
0
Titleve ~Ave ~ALso !A V~-UV~A.bev of FC.5 gv!AVtA.VtA.IAV pv!AcHce booR-s, witl~citl sitlouLd be words and
0
la n.g uagde . r coV~-suLted ~f !::JOU ~Ave itl!AV~V~-g pvobLeVtA.s w~titl lA spec~f1.-c fe~Atuve of title L~AV~-gu~Age. ph rases to
g1vmg a v1ce ~ describe
~ C.oVtA.-putevs amounts a nd
studeV~-ts ~Ave ~ALso ~Adv~sed to speV~-d titl~vt!::J VtA.~V~-utes ov solA d~At:J do~V~-g quantities
c.oVtA.putev-b~Ased p v~AcHce tests. Title VtA.uLt~VtA.ed~!A vooVtA. itl!As s~xteeV~- coVtA.putevs
fov studt:J use, w~titl sevev~AL FC.5 pv~AcHce e,x.IAV~A.S ~V~-st~ALLed OV~- wcitl. IV~-tevV~-et
a consistent st yle, ~Access ~ALso eV~-~Ab Les studeV~-ts to L~steV~- to podc~Asts IAV~-d ve~Ad oV~-L~V~-e
in this case forma l
V~-ewsp~Apevs, !A VI- exceLLeV~-t WIA!::J to ~VtA.pvove L~steV~-~V~-g IAV~-d vwd~V~-g sR-~LLs.
conclude w ith
C.oV~-clUS~OVI- } - summaris ing
A d~A~Lt:J v~s~t to title scV!ooL's L~bv~Avt:J IAV~-d VtA.uLHVtA.ed~IA vooVtA. ~s vecoVtA.VtA.eV~-ded comment
to itlelp eV~-suve success ~VI- title F~vst c.evt~-f1.-wte e,x.IAVtA.~V~-IAHoV~-. and/ or final
recommendation
Task
Useful language for reports
Write an answer to the following question in
120-1 80 words.
Giving advice and making suggestions
A group of teenage students is going to be
1 would recommend/ advise (them to go to a seafood restaurant) .
staying in your town for a week. You have been
I suggest you/ they (shop for clothes at ' Brown 's') . asked to write a report for the group leader
The best place for (DVDs) is 'The Film Shop'. about shopping in your town. Give information
You/They should/ really must/ are advised to (try a salad bar). on the shopping facilities available in your town
and make recommendations on where the
(A visit to the cathedral) is an option worth considering. students should go.
(A boat trip) is a must/ to be recommended .
It is advisable/ a good idea to (wear a rai ncoat). Write your report.

Talking about facilities

The shopping/sports/ cultural/leisure/ restaurant etc facilities are .. .
... excellent/ outstanding/second to none .
... adequate/ quite good .
 Writing bank

Part 2: Stories
Your English teacher has asked you to write a story for an international magazine. The story
must begin with the following words:
When my mobile phone rang and I saw it was Alex, I knew something was wrong.

Write you r story.

Model answer

use o f ph rasal wVIell\, VVti::J VVtobLLe -pVIoll\,e riAII\,g Glll\,d 1 s.Glw Lt wGls. A Lex., 1 lzll\,ew s.oVVtetVILII\,g wGls.
ver bs wrol/\,g I'd dropped VIer off !At tVIe s.t!AtLoll\, tell\, VVtlll\,tAtes. eiArLLer IAI/\,d 1 wiAs.jtAs.t
ptAttlii\,C\ VVttJ VVtotorbLize GlWIAtJ . TVIe triALI/\,s. IArell\,'t rtAI/\,11\,ll/\,g/' s.VIe s.IALd . ''TVIe
some use o f
Background drLvers. !Are Oil\, s.trLizel" ALex., VVti::J ex.-gLrLfrLel/\,d, VIIAdll\,'t s.eell\, VIer p!Arell\,ts. for lA
direct speech
Lol/\,g tLVVte fAII\,d WIAS. -pLGll/\,11\,ll/\,g to -pC1tJ tVIeVVt C1 5.1Ar-prLs.e vLs.Lt diArlll\,g tVIe eos.ter
a ra nge of VloLLdoV~s. 0
. sVIe 11\,ever tAs.ed to get tA-ps.et obwt Cli/\,VItVILII\,g,
0
btAt tVILs. tlVVte s.VIe wos.
t enses a nd
11\,efArLi::J LV\, twrs., s.o 1 offered to tolze VIer Oil\, VVttJ VVtotorbL!ze .
ver b pattern s
TVIe two-VItAI/\,dred-izLLoVVtetrejotArl/\,ei::J to Vler-porell\,ts.' vLLLoge toolz lAS. tVIrotAgVI include
s.oVVte trtALtJ s.pec.toc.tALor s.c.ell\,erij, btAt Lt wos. Lll\,c.redLbLtJ c.oLd ol/\,d we botVI froze adjectives
Developm ent Oil\, tVIe VVtotorbLize . To VVtiA!ze VVtOtters. worse, we Vlod o -probLeVVt wLtVI tVIe ell\,gLII\,e and adverb s
{
oil\, tVIe woi::J ol/\,d Vlod to sto-p !At o giAriAge to get Lt re-poLred .
B.tJ tVIe tlVVte we orrLved we were fed tA")J Ol/\,d LooizLII\,g forwGlrd to reLox.LI/\,g ot
a range of
ALex's. -p!Arell\,ts.' VlotAs.e . 1VVtogLII\,e otAr dLs.o-p-poLII\,tVVtell\,t, tVIell\,, wVIell\, we fotAI/\,d otAt
Outcom e time linkers
tVIetJ'd goll\,e owoi::J for tVIe weelzell\,d ol/\,d tVI e Vlws. e wos. eVVt-ptij . ALex. ol/\,d 1 rode
{
VloVVte LV\, s.LLell\,c.e. we s.-pLLt tA-p s.ool/\, of terwords. .

Useful language for stories

'

Time linkers
(ten) minutes earlier Task
for a long time
Either write your own answer to the
during the Easter/ summer/ Christmas ho li days task above or write an answer to the
soon afterwards following question in 120-180 words.
(See also the Grammar reference.) Your English teacher has asked you to
write a story for the college magazine.
Experiencing problems
The story must begin with the
Imagine (my/ our) surprise/ shock/ horror/ disappointment when .. . following words:
To make matters worse .. .
That evening] o rushed home to see if there
On top of that/ everything else ... was any news.
(1/She/ Tim) could have cried when ...
Write your story.
(1/ He/ Sue) was close to tears/ nearly in tears

Happy endings
It was such a relief/ pleasa nt surprise to see/ find / di scover ...
(We/T hey) were relieved j surprisedj delighted/ thrilled to see/ fi nd/ discover ...
Just as t hings were sta rting to look bad/ desperate/ hopeless, (something
positive happened)
( I) couldn 't believe ( my ) luck when ...
Writing bank

Part 2: Reviews
You have seen t h is n o tice in your school lib rary:

REVIEWS NEED ED
We want to buy some new books for the library. Have you read a good book in English recently?
Write us a review of a book you enjoyed, explaining why you liked it and why you think it would
be a good choice for the school library.
We will use your reviews to help us decide which books to buy.

Write your review .

Model answer
TV!e TV!~eve.s of o.st~Cl

use of linking
word s and
p hrases
co eluding
com ments

Task
Useful language for reviews Either write your own a n swer to the task
a bove or write a n a n swer to the followin g
Giving information about a film, book, musical or play question in 120-180 words:
It is set in (France) in (the nineteenth century).
You have seen this n o tice in you r school's
It tells the story of(Gemma) ... English-lang u age m agazine:
It is based on a novel/ a true story.
The film stars (AngelinaJolie) as (Lara Croft).
The main character is (Flavia Gem ina) . Animation films - reviews needed
Have you seen an animation fi lm recently?
Expressing an opinion
If so, send us a review of the film, saying
It is full of myste ry/ suspense/ humour/ action/ twists and turns. what you did and did not like about it.
It gives a fascinating insight into (life in the last century). Include information on the characters and
The plot is straightforward/ predictable/ complicated/ gripping. the story, and say whether you would
recommend the film to other people.
The acting/soundtrack/ direction is im pressive/ disappointing.
We will publish the best reviews.
I particularly enjoyed ... / I didn't particularly like ...

Giving a recommendation
Write your review.
This ( book) would be ideal for (teenagers)
It is a must/ an absolute must for (the fi lm club) .
I'd recommend th is (hotel) to (families with young children) .
It is certainly/ not worth reading/watching/going to see/ buying.
 Writing bank .

Part 2: Informal letters

This is pa rt of a letter from an English pen friend, Lee.

MJ sister AmJ wdl be seven ne;d month. I was thinkinJ o( JetfinJ her atel for her birthdo/· >0u know a lot
about animals- what wouldlou recommend fora chdd o(heraje? I(Jou couldJive me some information
on how to look after it, that would be3reat too.
Thanks, Lee

Write your letter to Lee. Do not write any postal addresses.

Model answer
Deli!r Lee
bri ef, re leva nt _____] It Wli!S greli!t to nelilr froVVc !jOU. I C.li!ll\,'t beLLev~ AVVc!j'S 11\,eli!rL!j sevei/1,! It'LL be Iii

o penin g paragraph L LoveL!j surprLse for ner to nlilve Iii pet Oil\, ner bixtno!li!!j .
use of
1{ 1 were
kJOU, l'o10Q..]Qr.lil nli!Wcster, li!S Lt's Iii verlj SVVcii!LL li!V\,lVVcii!L lilll\,o! woll\,'t tlil!ze
~ Wcuc.n rooVVc LV\, tnli!t tLII\,!j flii!t of !jOurs' Tnere lilre severii!L o!Lfferell\,t Vli!rLehes phrasal
verbs
c
Ianguage 10r /
to c.noose froVVc, but tne best tkJ-pe to get for soVVceboo!ld LL!ze AVVckJ Ls Iii swLii!i/1,
giving ad vice \!iii! Wester, bewuse tV1e!j're reii!LL!j !i!ffec.tLoV\,Iilte lilll\,o! o!oll\,'t WcLV\,o! beLII\,g -pLc.izeo! u-p
b!j !jOUV\,g c.nLLc:lrei/1,.
Tne otner gooo! tnLII\,g Iii bout nli!Wcsters Ls tV1ii!t tV1e!j're elils!j to tlil!ze wre of you
11\,eecl to feeo! tneVVc lilll\,o! c.nli!V\,ge tneLr wli!ter ever!j olii!!j, tnougn soVVcetLVVces oll\,c.e use of
info rm ation on how ever!j two clii!!j5 Ls ell\,ougn . superVVclilr!zets usuii!LL!j seLL nli!Wcster foocl, li!V\,o! !jOU linking
to loo k after the pet snouLo! gLve tneVVc fresn fruLt lilll\,o! vegetii!bLes li!s weLL. Hli!Wcsters c.li!i/1, get quLte words
sVVceLL!j, so !jOu nlilve to c.Leli!V\, tneLr c.li!ge out OV\,c.e Iii weeiz- 1 ex:pec.t AVVc!j wLLL
li!s!z !jOu to o!o tnlilt'
1 no-pe tnli!t's neL-pfuL. Let Wee izll\,ow wnli!t ldou buld ner.
appro pri ate ending - [
ALL tne best
Peclro

Task
Useful language for informal letters Either write your own answer to the task above or
write an answer to the following question in 120 - 180
eginning the letter Try to ensure you (don 't) ... words:
twas great/ lovely to hear from One thing that works for me is to ...
yo u. This is part of a letter from an English pen friend,
Ending the letter Chris.
Thanks for your letter.
I hope that's useful/ helpful.
'm pleased/ delighted to hear
· hat ... Write back soon and let me know .. . My .:raid~ !ivM 01t iter QWK and me'f ~ of.J~
Sorry to hear about your ... Give my lovej regardsj best wishes a pet to keep Iter C0141fM1f· You ~a ld akut ~ -
to ... what would JOU r~ for~ til<:£ Iter? Iflou
Giving advice Looking forward to hearing from CfJ'Uid jive uu ~ Urfrr14UAiUm 01t /ww to Lovfc after it, I'd
r's ( not ) a good idea to ... you . o/'f"edai:e tlr.at tfTO.
t's best ( not ) to ... Hope to see you soon . ~c.hru
You should/ shouldn't .. .
Closing phrase
f I were you , I would/ wouldn 't ...
All the best Best wishes Write your letter to Chris. Do not write any postal
'Nhatever you do, make sure you
1do n't ) ...
Bye for now (Lots of) love addresses.
Writing bank

Part 2: Letters of application

You see this newspaper advertisement while studying in Britain:

VOLUNTEERS REQUIRED FOR SUMMER WORK

We are looking fo r people to spend afternoons and Saturdays with groups of
young children who have learning or physical disabilities and want to have fun . As
well as accompa nying the children to the swimming pool and on trips to the
countryside, vol unteers will be asked to organize further activities of their choice.
Write to Mr Bre nt and explain why you would be suitable.

Write your letter of application.

Model answer

Decw Mr 15>ret~~-t
re as.on for I I S,li!W i::JO[.{r li!c!vertLs,eV1Aet~~-t Lt~~- ues.terc!lilij'S. ec!LtLot~~- of title 'cVet~~-Lt~~-g News,' lilt~~-c! I
w nnng ~ wwLe:! Wze to voL[,{t~~-teer to worfz wLtltl title c!Ls.lilbLec! cltlLLe:!ret~~-. appropriately
I li!V1A lil t~~-Lt~~-eteet~~--ijelil r-oLc! ltliiLLlilt~~- s,t[,{e:!i::jLt~~-g ct~~-gLLs.ltl ltlere tltlLs, 5.l.{V1AV1Aer. Mi::J formal style
cLlils.s.es, lilre Lt~~- title V1A O rt~~-Lt~~-g, lilt~~-e:! 1li!V1A fzeet~~- to c!o soV1AetltlLt~~-g [,{sef[,{L Lt~~- V1Ai::J free
relevant· { HV1Ae. 1 ltllilve s.oV1Ae experLet~~-ce of LoofzLt~~-g lilfter lil c!Ls.lilbLec! cltlLLe:!. Mi::J s.evet~~--i::jelilr­
ex penence oLe:! co[,{sLt~~- ltllils. Dowt~~-'s Si::jt~~-e:!roV1Ae lilt~~-c! I oftet~~- tliiR.e ltler to title plilrR Lt~~- ore:!er to
gLve ltler plilret~~-ts. lil res.t. 1 li!Ls.o telilcltl ltler bliiLLet, wltlLcltl s.ltle tltloro[,{gltlLi::j e~Oi::J"· use of
linking
Tltlere lilre lil t~~-l.{V1Aber of lilctLvLHes. 1 cwLe:! orglilt~~-Lze for title cltlLLe:!ret~~- . It~~- lilc!c!LHot~~- to
po~si. b.le f u r t J words

act 1v1t1es L V1Ai::J bli!LLet e:!lilt~~-cLt~~-g, 1 Clilt~~- pLlili::J title g[,{Ltlilr lilt~~-e:! fzt~~-ow s.everli!L sot~~-gs. for cltlLLe:!ret~~-,
botltl ct~~-gLLs,ltl lilt~~-e:! ltliiLLlilt~~- Ot~~-es.. I li!V1A Lt~~-teres.tec! Lt~~- bLre:!wliltcltlLt~~-g, too, s,o I CO[.{Lc{
brLt~~-g tltllilt fzt~~-owLee:!ge to title co[,{t~~-trus.Le:!e exwrs.Lot~~-s. .

1 ltllilve lilt~~- wtgoLt~~-g lilt~~-e:! frLet~~-e:!Li::J t~~-li!t[,{re, li!t~~-c! feeL 1 ltllilve title t~~-ecess.lilri::J pli!Het~~-ce
personal ~ li!t~~-c! et~~-ergu to V1Ali1Re lil pos.LtLve cot~~-trLb[,{Hot~~- to i::JO[.{r progrli!V1AV1Ae.
q ua lities and
1 Loofz forwlilre:! to ltlelilrLt~~-g froV1A l:JW· appropriate
suitability
ending
y o[,{rs, sLt~~-cereLld
At~~-geLlil 15>li!Le:![,{ccL

Task
Write an answer to the following question in 120-180 words.

You see this advertisement in an international magazine:

VOLUNTEERS REQUIRED
If you want to wo rk with elderly people, why not spend this summer at the Wildflowers
Nursing Home? Food and accommodation are provided. Duties include:
- playing cards and board games and going for walks with residents
- teaching basic computer skills
- organizing further activities of your choice

Write to Mrs Redman and explain why you would be suitable.

Write your letter of application.

148
 Writing bank

Useful language for letters of application

Beginnings and endings

Dear Sir or Madam & Yours fait hfu ll y
Dear Ms Bentley & Yours since rely

Reason for writing

I saw/ have seen your advertisement in ...
I am writing to apply for the job as (a waiter) .. .
I wou ld like to apply for a grant to stu d y/ for .. .
I would like to volunteer to work with (disab led children) ...

Describing skills and experience

I have experience of(looking after chi ldre n).
I spe nt (three months) working as (an au pair).
I have excellent comm unication/ computer/ organisatio na l ski ll s.
I have a good knowledge of(history/ Eng lish/ computers).

Personal qualities and suitability

I have aj an friendly/ sensitive/ easy-going/enthusiastic nature.
I feel I have the necessary (patience) and (energy) for the job.
I a m confident I wou ld be we ll suited to t he job.
I be li eve I am an ideal candidate for a gra nt/ t he job.

Closing remarks
I enclose my curriculum vitae.
I hope you will consider my application .
 •IS •
n1 g scr •
Listening scripts which do nor appear on pages 150- 157 can be found on rhe Direct to FCE website.

1 Influ ence When we think about TV, of course, S: Advertisers will always find new and
the USA is way ahead of Europe in cleverer ways to influence what we
Listening Part 2 : advertising - they've had product buy. The only thing we can do is to
Sentence completion placement in TV shows for quite a make sure that we continue to keep
while too. You've probably seen the important controls we have of
(f) 1.1 American Idol. There, the product not using product placement on
placement is very obvious, in fact Kid's TV or the news.
(I = Interviewer; S =Summers) you can' t miss it! The judges have 1: So, if for some reason I start eating
1: Good morning. Now, our topic enormous cups of Coca Cola®in the same breakfast cereal as my
today is advertising. But it's a front of them throughout the show. favourite soap star then it's all
particular type of advertising isn 't it 1: Now you come to mention it, yes, it's because of product placement.
Professor Summers? obvious. But on the similar shows in S: I'm afraid so!
S: Yes. We're looking at product the UK it doesn't happen, does it?
placement. S: N o. But now that the European
1: Some people may not know the term Parliament has made it legal in most 2 Success!
'product placement', so if you could types of programmes, you could
just explain? soon see product placement on TV Listening Part 3:
S: O f course. It's where certain right across Europe. Multiple matching
products are put or as they say 1: Will it always be as obvious as in the
'placed' in TV programmes for American shows? @ 1.2-1.6
commercial reasons. For example, S: N o. Reality shows are good for Speaker 1
when a company pays a TV obvious product placement. But
programme to show a person My career on the pitch lasted twenty
wi th other types of shows, like
d rinking a particular brand of years, and during that time I was lucky
dramas, the point is that it should
bottled water, or eating a chocolate enough to play for three of the biggest
be in the background, but definitely clubs in the country. So I had plenty of
bar. The idea is that we'll watch it no t the centre of attention.
a nd think 'oh yes' I'd like one of valuable experience. But of course,
1: I suppose if it's too obvious it has working with some of the players
those!
the opposite effect. nowadays requires an additional kind of
1: But hasn't this been going on for skill. They earn a lot of money and some
S: Exactly. People will switch off. When
years? It's surely not that new? of them have a very high opinion of
they watch dramas people have to
S: You 're right, it has been going on for believe that the people and the story themselves and their abilities. Dealing
q uite a while, but only in films. are real! They don't want to think with that can be difficult, so when I
You 've probably seen it over and over tha t their favourite actor in a soap started out, I'd often pick up the phone
again. It's become a really big, opera is actually advertising a and talk to my old bosses. ask them for
o rganised form of advertising. Think particular brand of washing powder! a few tips. They were my teachers when I
o f some films you've seen this year. 1: So why are some people against it? was a player, but they were also a great
Did you recognise any famous help to me in my early years as a
brands, especially of sofr drinks like S: A lo t of people feel, and rightly so in manager. I owe a lot of my success to
Coke or Pepsi? Well, nexr rime you 're my opinion, rhar if advertisers can them.
i rhe cinema, look out for brands say what happens in the programme,
an d once you've seen one, watch how the quality will get worse.
So why is this happening more often Speaker 2
ften it comes up in the movie. 1:
Yo u'll probably see that the actor these days Professor? Experience has taught me not to listen
holds the cup or package just right, too closely to what other people say.
S: Interestingly, it's because we, the
so that the name can be easi ly seen! peo ple, are beginning to use new Theatre critics have written some rather
tech nology better! Today, many of nasty things about me over the years. As
1: You've got me thinking now! For
us record programrnes from TV to I'll be explaining in my autobiography,
r e, perhaps the most obvious are
watch later and when we do, what when I eventually find the time, and the
the cars - in the James Bond and
happens when we get to a patience, to write it. But, no, you just
Back to the Future series, even Tomb
commercial break? have to ignore everyone else and get on
Raider.
with it. The key to success is to believe
S: ·es. And a really interesting example 1: We fast forward! in yourself, to convince yourself you can
of a car is one that they created S: Exactly! We don' t watch the do it every time you go on stage. I
specially for a film. The Audi RSQ. commercials any more. usually spend five minutes before a
Did you ever see it in I, Robot? Audi performance, looking in my dressing
1: And how do you feel personally
and the directors worked togeth er about this? room mirror telling myself how good I
n that. Very special. But that's film . am. Terribly vain , I know, but it works.

150
 Listening scripts

Speaker3 Listening Part 4: had to change for this trip. I always

Young people nowadays think that Multiple choice made sure every night that I had
success is all about being on the telly plenty of food for when I got up.
and having loads of money. For me, @ 1.7 And then after I'd eaten, I'd clear
away and start cycling.
success is just deciding what you want
from life, what your aims are, and then (I= Interviewer; M =Mark Jacobs) 1: And didn't you ever get bored of it
achieving what you set out to do - 1: With me today is local man, Mark all? I mean twelve hours a day is a
doesn 't matter how much you earn or Jacobs, who spent the last eigh t lot, isn' t it, especially on your own.
how famous or important you become. months travelling round the world. M : I went through 23 different
Not everyone can make it to the top, Nothing particularly unusual about countries, most of which I'd never
can they? As a matter of fact, when I left rhar, you may say, except that Mark been to before, so I couldn' t very well
school I started training to be a chef - successfully completed the 18,000 get bored. And I mer so many
could have worked in some of the best miles ... on his bike. Mark, why did friendly people on the way that I was
restaurants ifi'd qualified. But I decided you do rhar? Were you hoping to hardly ever conscious of the fact I
early on that I'd be much happier break a record? was doing it alone. I also had my
running my own store and selling music to entertain me, of course -
M : Ifi was, I failed miserably. The record
kitchen equipment. I've actually got two and keep me awake. It was often a
stands at 175 days and it took me
now - so I'm doubly successful! struggle at the end of the day to keep
quire a lor longer than that. No, my
aim was to raise funds through my eyes open and concentrate on the
Speaker4 sponsorship for the Alzheimer Care road.
Success didn't come overnight for me. Trust. My grandfather received a lor 1: Hm, dangerous. Did you ever have
Indeed, it was several years before I of support from them, and as he was any accidents?
actually had anything published. the one who encouraged me to rake M : I didn' t, fortunately. I nearly got
During rhe day I taught English in a up cycling when I was a teenager, I blown off my bike once or twice,
private language school - for not very thought this would be a good way to though. In fact the wind was by far
much money, I have to say - and by repay them for all their help. I hope the most difficult thing I had ro deal
night I would scribble away in my flat ro give the charity a cheque very soon with during the whole trip -
until the early hours of the morning. for four hundred thousand pounds. particularly in south-east Asia,
Essays, short stories, novels - you name 1: Very impressive. And how do you where strong headwinds tore at my
it, I had it rejected by publishers. Bur I feel now that you've achieved your face and were really quite painful. It
was quietly determined and prepared to goal? seemed as if the harder I pedalled,
wait. I knew that it was just a question M : Exhausted! No, naturally I'm the stronger the wind decided ro
of rime. Then sure enough , one bright delighted ro have completed the blow, which wasn 't the case of
young editor read some of my work, journey and ro be in a position to course. But I did lose a bit of rime
liked what I was doing and gave me an make such a large donation to the and I got to Australia a little later
opportunity. And I gave up the day job. Trust. And I have to say I got very than I'd intended.
emotional last Sunday when I saw all 1: Right, now, a lor oflisteners were
Speaker 5 the people who turned our to meet able to follow your progress via your
me at the finishing line. I had to get blog. Did you have ro rake a lor of
It's never just one thing, is it? I mean, to
my handkerchief out to dry the technological gadgets with you for
begin with, luck often comes into it
rears. Ir was actually quite funny, this kind of thing?
- like bringing our your product at the
though, to see the look of shock on M : Well, I wrote the blog on my phone,
right rime, just when people need it, or
a lot of people's faces when they saw which I also used to send texts and
think they do, anyway. You can ' t always
my beard. Shaving wasn 't part of my listen to music. And phone people as
plan for that. And then there's skill, of
daily routine while I was cycling, so I well of course. Then, on the
course - knowing how to manage
wasn' t quire as handsome as when I handlebars I had a GPS, to show my
people, for example, or understanding
started our! position. And to power them I had a
how the marker works. Bur in my book,
success mostly comes down to hard 1: You mention daily rourine. Tell us solar panel fixed to the top of the
work. You have to be prepared to spend about that Mark. What was a typical pannier rack at rhe back. Bur none
seven days a week at the office and work day like for you? of ir weighed very much and i r didn't
maybe fourteen or fifteen hours a day. M : Well, I tried to spend about twelve rake up roo much space, so apart
That's always my advice to budding hours a day in the saddle, so I'd from worrying about getting ir
entrepreneurs. usually get up fairly early, stolen, it wasn't really a problem.
somewhere between five and half 1: And did anyone ever steal anything?
past, maybe a bit later, do a few M : On the contrary. Everyone kept
stretching exercises and listen to trying to give me things! I was
some relaxing music on my phone, amazed. In some places, people
just to ease myself into the day. Then would come up rome and offer me
it was breakfast. I don 't normally ear small gifts. Or they'd invite me into
very much in the morning bur that their homes, and refuse to accept

151
Listening scripts

any money for the food they gave 4 2

me. It was very heartwarming.
Sometimes you just have to laugh! I You overhear two friends talking about
I: Mark, we' re going to rake a break for look at some of these photos and think a film they've just seen. What sort of
news. Don' t go away just yet, - you must be joking! No one has a film was it?
though. After the news summary, neck that long or legs that skinny! It A a horror film
we'll be opening up the phone lin es gets a bit ridiculous at times. Personally,
fo r listeners' questions. So if you B an action film
I don' t object to a bit of touching up
want to ask Mark .... here an d there bur when you see some C a comedy film
of th e pictures ... .It's unrealistic and the A: Did you enjoy it? I loved the film.
3 It 's an illusion pictures have to be believable, don' t Harrison Ford is definitely one of my
they? And it's getting worse! These
Listening Part 3: all time heroes.
magazine artists have to limit
M ult iple matching themselves and accept that they can' t B: It's odd, I'm so used to him playing
the hero in adventure movies. They
go into fantasy land.
(f) 1.8-1.12
5
suit his style of acting. You know the
fast moving stories with lots of
1 For m e, it's all about the obsession most clever stunts and the love interest
It's parr of our lives today, isn' t it. No people have with appearance today and roo.
one's really hiding anything - people how we and other people look. There's A: I think it was good to see him trying
know it's happening. When I buy a someth ing in the newspapers nearly something else. I mean, I've seen him
magazine and look at the photos of every d ay about all the eating disorders in funny films before bur nor quite
celebs and models I know full well that that yo un g kids are suffering from. And like this. I thought it was hilarious!
they've been touched up. People can't why is that? Because many of them
B: He's so talented, I reckon he could
look that perfect, can they! And surely, want to look like the people they see in
do nearly anything and do it well.
it's nor just me. Everyone knows that the m agazines. Airbrushing simply
How about Harrison Ford as a
ai rbrushing goes on, so there's nothing makes it all worse and puts young
vampire - that would be worth seeing!
dish nest about it. As far as I'm people at risk. I am well aware that the
concerned, it's fine. People should moan magazines want to sell more copies- it's 3
abo u t something else! a business for them. But I think they You hear someone leaving a voicemail
2 should rake more responsibility. Really. message. What does he want to do?
A change an arrangement
If I \\'ere one of those people on the Listening Part 1:
cover of a magazine I'm sure I'd want a B ask for some advice
Multiple choice
bi t o f airbrushing to look fit and C make a complaint
healthy - particularly when you' re @ 1.13- 1.28 I'm just phoning to say I won't be able
gem ng on a bit! Quite honestly, I think
it's only fair. Famous people have their 1 to come round this afternoon because
photos everywhere and we' re looking at I've got an audition at 3.30! I couldn't
You hear a man talking on a radio
them all the time. I know people say believe it - it's ages since I last went for a
phone-in about a quiz programme he
that if they want the publicity then they part but this could be big. You said I
saw on TV. Why is he phoning?
have to accept everything that goes with should keep trying and you were right!
it. But we've all got a job to do. If theirs A He thinks the topic is not good for I'm going for a parr in 'Together', you
is to look good in magazines then the the quiz. know, the soap opera on Channel 6? I
more help they get the better! B He doesn't enjoy this quiz show. think I'm up against some stiff
competition and I didn't sleep at all last
3 C He disagrees with a few answers.
night. We couldn't meet up somewhere
I know we're seen as the bad guys here I felt I had ro phone in because I was this morning, could we? You always
but really, we're only doing what our really surprised at some of the answers manage to calm me down! I'll buy you
read ers want. We're producing the best given on the Challenge Quiz on the biggest cappuccino and ifi get the
look ng pictures that we can because Thursday evening. I'm no car enthusiast part you can come along and watch the
that's what people expect to see. So, if bur even I know that the correct answers filming? OK? Give me a ring soon.
anyone, they're the ones to blame. Our given to the contestants weren't always 4
read ers don' t want to see models with right. On at least three occasions the car
black bags under their eyes because they You hear two mothers talking about
makes weren't what was shown in the their children's birthday parties. What
had a late night! Or a spotty face! And if pictures. I'm usually impressed by the
we make an actor's face a little slimmer, did the magician do at both parries?
standard of this particular quiz and it
that's not going to hurt anyone is it? was therefore a bit of a shock. The A card tricks
People have always liked to look at good programme researchers really need to B an animal trick
lookmg people - think of all the film check their facts when planning to ask C an egg trick
stars in the past. And quite honestly, if questio ns like these because I'm sure I'm
we're talking about making people look nor the only person who noticed this. A: How was the parry yesterday? Did
good , maybe we should be talking about Maisie have a good time, and more
ban ning make up!

152
 Listening scripts

i mportantly, did everything go A: You must have got the last ticket Many writers I speak to say the same
smooth ly? then. When I managed to get thing however they also say that writing
B: It was fantastic. And thanks for through they were sold out. I was leaves them quite tired but I'm very
giving me the name of that hoping you might be able to take me different. I usually feel excited and ready
magician. He was terrific. Maisie was into London, because I'm going to to start something else!
thrilled when he pulled an egg from the premier of the new James Bond
film and I know the train will be 4 Going away
behind her ear!
packed.
A: That's a new one! Tommy's friends Listening Part 2:
loved him when we had him last B: I really wanted to see that too. Bu t
you can't do everything! Sure, no
Sentence completion
year. I still don' t understand how he
does those card tricks. Did the kids problem. @ 1.29
like those? 7
1
B: I think he ran out of time. Maybe You hear a newscaster talking about an
we'll get those next year. The high art exhibition at a local gallery. Why Presenter
spot of the afternoon was when the won't one painting be in the exhibition? There has been a great deal of debate in
rabbit came out of the hat! A It might be a fake. the media recently about the distances
A: At our party it was a pigeon! The trave lled by the food we eat. Here to talk
B It has been stolen.
kids just love that sort of thing, us through it all is environment
C It wasn't allowed out of the USA. correspondent, Mark Mitchell.
don't they?
5 Some advice for all you art lovers
planning a visit to the Walker exh ibition Mark Mitchell
You hear part of a TV review
at the Main Gallery this week. Don't
programme. What is the reviewer's Thanks mainly to concerns about
expect to see Walker's painting of
opinion of the first episode of the new climate change, the term 'food miles'
London Bridge. It won't be there.
series? has entered our vocabulary. Food miles
Visitors yesterday afternoon were
A It made a good impression. shocked to see a space where the great tell us how far food travels between the
B It was disappointing. canvas should be and there were worries place where it is grown or produced and
that the painting had been stolen. There the place where it is eaten - in other
C It showed promise. words, the distance from ' field to fork'.
have been a lot of thefts from art
On paper, the new detective series on exhibitions in the recent past as we all Go into any British supermarket
Channel4last week should have been a know. In fact the work has been nowadays and you might find pears
huge success. It had everything it needed withdrawn because art experts are from Argentina, grapes from Chile,
to succeed- a lot of big names always concerned that this may not be the strawberries from Spain or tomatoes
help a new show. Also they had one of original painting. They believe the from Saudi Arabia. In fact, around fifty
the best script writers in the business colours lack the warmth of a genuine per cent of the vegetables and ninety
who's written over a dozen successful Walker. The owners of the London five per cent of the fruit eaten in the UK
crime series in his career. Somehow it Bridge were reluctant to allow the comes from abroad. These figures are a
didn't work and I think a lot of people painting to come to England from New cause for concern to those consumers
felt let down by the first episode. To be York and this may have been the reason. who want to reduce the negative effect
honest, the story line wasn't that strong of their everyday lives on the
8 environment. Why? Well, because much
and some of the acting could have been
better. However, it was only the first You hear a writer talking about her of our imported produce arrives by
episode and perhaps next week's work. What does she feel about writing? p lane. And air travel is responsible for
instalment will be an improvement. A It is lonely. giving offlarge quantities of gases such
as carbon dioxide, which, as we know, is
6 B It is unpredictable.
a major cause of rising global
You hear Dave phoning his friend C It is tiring. temperatures. So, in response to
Greta. Why is he phoning her? consumer demand, and in order to warn
There are times when inspiration
A to invite her to a live concert. refuses to come and however long you shoppers of the possible environ mental
B to make travel arrangements. stare at the paper ideas are simply not impact of what t hey were buying, some
there. For me, I can't sit on my own and supermarkets began labelling produce
C to check whether she's going to see
wait. I need to get on with other th ings, flown in from abroad with a sticker
the new film.
talk to other people, in a way distract showing an aeroplane. Many people
A; Hi! Are you going to see Coldplay in my brain and more often t han not would refuse to put food with these
London next Friday? I know you're a inspiration comes while I'm stickers into their shopping basket,
great fan. concentrating on another task entirely! particularly so-called 'locavores', who
B: Yeah. I am so looking forward to it. The most intriguing part of the creative avoid, if possible, any produce which
I've never seen them on stage before. process is that once I've started to write, has been imported, preferring instead to
I was really lucky and got tickets at the characters quickly take on a life of buy locally grown fruit and vegetables,
the last moment. How about you? their own. It's true that often I have no and meat from nearby farms . As well as
idea what they're going to do or say! doing their bit for the environment,

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Listening scripts

locavores will tell you that locally grown 5 Fitting in Speaker 4

fo od is much healthier than imported Many moons ago, when I was about
fo od, which can lose important listening Part 3: eleven, my parents wanted me to join
vi tamins on long journeys. Mult iple matching rhe scours. My dad had been in a group
Bu r do we really need to be quite so when he was younger and he kept
worried about the distance our food @ 1.30-1.34 telling n1.e what a great rime he'd had,
travels? Some experts now say that the camping and tying knots and all that
Speak er 1
whole idea of food miles is too sort of stuff. He even managed to
simplistic and therefore unhelpful to I often laugh about it now, but at the convince me I might enjoy it. But I never
environmentally conscious consumers. rime it was quire hurtful. I felt I was really took to it like he had- mainly
Take apples for example. British apples being left out. I was the new girl in the because there was no one there I
are picked from September to October. department and they'd all been working particularly liked or got on with. I was
So me are sold fresh and the rest are together for years. Whenever someone very shy and I didn't mix well with other
kept in cold storage for use throughout had a birthday, they would all go our for kids. I stuck with it for a while, but I
the year. This is fine, initially, but a drink after work, but they'd never ask left eventually - nor long after my mum
keeping apples cold uses a lot of energy, me ifi wanted to go. They were the best and dad had bought the uniform. They
and this of course creates those carbon of fri ends and I was an unwelcome were fed up about that.
emissions which are so bad for our outsider - that's what it felt like, anyway.
planet. From June onwards, then, it And th is went on for ages. I never
thought about leaving, though - which SpeakerS
becomes kinder to the environment to
start shipping apples from New is just as well because things are really I couldn't wait to move our to rhe
Zealand. Similarly, in summer, you can good now. Bur it wasn't until I'd been in countryside. I hated my job and I
eat British lettuces with a clear the job for about nine months that I couldn't put up with the noise and rhe
con science. But in winter, the energy began to feel like I was one of the crowd. stress any longer. Some of my friends
needed to grow lettuces in heated advised me against it- they said I'd miss
greenhouses in Britain is greater than the people, the energy and the hustle
Speaker 2 and bustle of the ciry. Bur they were
the environmental cost of importing
When my dad got promotion, we had to wrong. I loved the peace and quiet, and
them from Spain.
move to a different part of the country. the pace of life. And almost as soon as
So It's not only a question of how far And of course rhar meant me having to I'd moved in, I made a really good group
food travels bur when it travels. And change schools, which I got a bit of friends. Bur nor long ago, while I was
also, of course, how ir travels, because stressed our abo u t. I thought everyone sleeping upstairs, someone broke into
rhe form of transport used makes a big would make fun of my accent and I'd my cottage and stole a few things. It's
diffe rence. For example, food have trouble making new friends and been great living here, bur I don' t feel
transported by sea is considered by everything. Ir wasn't long before I'd safe now on my own and I probably
some experts to be better than that settled in, though. By the end of the won't stay much longer.
whi ch is flown in, because sea transport first week I'd got in w ith a group oflads
prod uces fewer carbon dioxide emissions. from my class who all played football at
QLl!te apart from environmental break rime. We always had a good laugh, listening Part 1:
co nsiderations, though, there's also rhe and we used to hang around together
Multiple choice
fact that one m illion people living in outside of school as well. I'm still in
Africa are employed in the trade touch with some of them, even after all @ 1.35-1.50
supplying fresh fruit and vegetables to this rime.
the UK, a business which is worth 1
several million pounds. If that business You hear a teenager talking to a friend
Speaker 3
came to an end, many people in a about becoming a firefighter. What has
number of African countries would be When we first moved over here I had a
prevented her from making an
affected. This includes Kenya, which pretty strong accent, which some of the
application?
exports green beans to the UK at times other kids seemed to think was quite
humorous. They had a bit of a joke A her age
when these are no longer in season here.
'En\'ironmentally unfriendly,' say some. about ir, trying to imitate me and B her eyesight
'Nor at all,' say others, because Kenyan everything. Ir was all good-natured, but C her height
farmers do nor use tractors, and they ar firs t it used to get me down, and
made me wish I was back in Australia. M : So how come you' re still working in
use natural rather than chemical
ferti lizers, so their growing methods are My parents found out fairly early on rhe supermarket? I thought you were
far less polluting than in Britain. what was happening, and they told me going to apply to be a firefighter.
just w ignore them all. So I did. And Aren't you tall enough or
The concept of food miles, then, is nor something?
actually, the accent thing probably
wron g; iris simply incomplete as it does
made it easier for me to get accepted. I F: Cheeky thing! I'm nor that short.
nor consider the total energy used
was a n ovelty, almost like some kind of And anyway, ir doesn't matter how
during the growing, transportation ,
exotic creature from a faraway land that tall or short you are, as long as you
production, storage and distribution of
they co uld show off to their mares. pass the fitness rests. No, I've still
what we eat.

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 Listening scripts

got to wait another six months - till phonedJulie up to see if we'd be privilege to spend time in the presence
my eighteenth . I'll be old enough to needing him again. But we're going to of these warm and fascinating people.
start training then. do it without him this year. We'll be able 6
M : And what about your glasses. You to get up when we decide and we can
You hear an elderly man talking about
never see firefighters wearing specs, plan our own walks. It should be fun.
retirement. How does he say he
do you? 4 sometimes feels now that he has retired?
F: Yeah, I was a bit worried about that. You hear a commercial fisherman being A isolated
But I checked it out on their interviewed on the radio. How does he
B bad-tempered
webpage, and I don't think it'll be a feel about life at sea?
problem. You can be a firefighter C anxiOUS
A He often misses his family.
with worse vision than I have. I'm still very active, so I can' t complain.
B He dislikes the lack of privacy.
2 Not like some people I know who've
C He doesn' t get on with the crew. retired. You see it with some of my
You hear a wildlife cameraman talking
F : Is it hard being away from home for neighbours - they're grumpy, irritable
on the radio about his work. What
so long? and they spend half their time moaning.
aspect of his work does he particularly
Probably because they never do
enjoy? M : It would be really tough ifi was
anything. The couple who live next door
A rhe solitude married, and had kids, like some of
to me just sit in front of the telly all day
the other guys. But in my case I
B the danger - you never see them. You can't cut
guess you could say the crew is my
C the unpredictability yourself offlike that, you've got to get
family. We live, work, eat and
out and do things. Ifi'm not up in the
Obviously, there's an element of risk breathe together for weeks on end.
hills walking, I'm in the local library or
involved. I often spend long periods on F: Do you ever get fed up with each playing bowls. I never stop. I just get a
my own in some very isolated places, other? bit worried now and then that one day I
and ifi'm attacked by a bear or bitten M : Sure, we have arguments from rime won't have my health and I won't be
by a snake there's no one there to help to time. Just like families do. Bur we able to do all the things I do now. I
me. Bur I value my personal safety and talk together and sort things out. wouldn 't like that.
rake precautions to prevent that kind of You have to. The thing is that living 7
thing happening. Actually, to be honest, conditions are cramped, even on the
it's a rather dull and monotonous You overhear a woman talking about
larger boats, and it's difficult to get
existence much of the time. Last year I her husband. What is her husband's
away from each other. Sometimes I'd
spent six weeks alone in a Himalayan job?
do anything for a bit of space to
hut for just five minutes' footage of myself. A an army officer
snow leopards. Next month I'll be trying B a prison officer
5
to film pumas in rhe Andes. Of course, I
You hear a British woman talking about C a police officer
may nor succeed, bur that's the
attraction for me. Never knowing if travelling to Mongolia. What advice Jim likes what he does. He seems ro get
you'll get what you want. Because when does she give to tourists who visit on well with everyone, especially the
you do, it's priceless. Mongolia? young lads who are in there for long
3 A They should be tolerant of sentences. Some of the officers act as if
discomfort. they're in the army - they' re good at
You hear a woman talking about a
walking holiday she is going on soon B They should avoid some of the local giving orders but they don't talk much
food. to the prisoners. Jim's different, though
with some friends. Why are they going
without a guide? - he's just naturally friendly. You know,
C They should take gifts for the
some of the inmates don't get a lot of
A They will have more freedom to do nomads.
visits, so they tell all their problems to
what they want. The whole reason for going to a place him. He's a really good listener.
B They cannot find a guide for the like Mongolia is to experience a Actually, next month he'll have been
place they are going to. different way oflife. And to do that you working there for ten years. He's never
C They have had a bad experience with need to be prepared to put up with stayed in a job for as long as that before.
a guide in the past. conditions you might complain about He used to be in the police force, of
on a holiday at home. Let's face it, you course, but he never really took to it. It
We're spending another week in the aren't likely to get much of a feel for the was too stressful, so he left after a
Lake District next month. Just a small country if you stay in a five-star hotel. couple of years.
group of us. I have to say I'm looking Spending a week with the nomads on
forward to not having someone telling
8
the other hand gives you a wonderful
me what to do every day. We had a guide You hear an extract from a radio play.
insight into life in Mongolia. OK, so
the last two times we went. Steve his What is the man's relationship with the
you might not sleep so well in a tent,
name was. Nice chap - very competent. teenage girl?
and maybe yoghurt and fermented
Not like these guides you hear about horse's milk are not your favourite A He is her father.
that get lost or make you walk further things to ear and drink . Bur it's a real B He is her employer.
than you really want to. In fact, he

155
 Listening scripts

C He is one of her teachers. o ne of the most epic adventures of over the centuries, and t he
M: Here's a good job for you- in the all time. exhibition gives you a real sense of
hotel business. I: And did everyone get back safely? how important it is for survival at
J: Yes. Incredibly, Shackleton and all sea.
F: Yeah, I saw that one. I'm not going
to apply for it, though. those who'd sailed on rhe Endurance 1: It all sounds absolutely fascinating,
lived to tell th e tale. And John.
M : Why not? You got some decent
qualifications at school, and you've rem arkably, so did all five members J: Yeah, Susie, you're a sailing
had a bit of experience here. I think of the Robertson family and a frie nd enthusiast. You'd love it- you ought
after their yacht was attacked and to pay a visit.
, ou've got a good chance.
sunk by whales in the Pacific Ocean. 1: Yes, I probably will. And how much
F: T here's no point. It says you need T he disaster occurred in the summer
two years' experience - like every will I have to pay to get in?
of 1972, about 200 miles from the
other job that's going. I don' t know Gala.pagos islands. They spent the J: Right, well, I have the prices in front
how people like me are supposed to next five weeks fighting for their of me. It's nine pounds fifty for
fi nd work. Age discrimination, my lives, first in a life raft, and when adults, seven pounds seventy-five for
dad calls it. that deflated, a small open dinghy. senior citizens, and six pounds fifty
M : Bah, don't worry about that. They The only food they had was a tin of for students and children aged six
and over. Children under six don't
ay that so they don' t get millions of bi scuits, half a pound of sweets, ten
have to pay. Students need to show
applications. I'll write you a good oranges, six lemons, and a bag of
their student card, of course, and
reference. You've been a real help to onions! And there was enough water
senior citizens should rake some
me working here. I'm just sorry I've fo r just ten days.
proof of their age, just in case they're
go t to sell the cafe. I: And they still managed to survive! asked to provide it.
J: Yes, they did. They had to collect I: T hanks, John. Well, there you have
rainwater and catch fish to it. The exhibition is on until]anuary
7 Survival supplement their provisions. And of next year ...
Lis ten ing Part 2: Sentence they also caught turtles which
bumped into their dinghy.
co mpletion
1: And how were they rescued? 9 Slave to routine
@ 2.18 J: Well, they were eventually picked
Listening Part 2: Sentence
up 300 miles west of Costa Rica by a
(I= Interviewer;]= John) Japanese fishing boat. And from completion
I: Now for our Out and About section th ere they were taken to Panama.
o f the programme, here's John with Yo u can see the small dinghy in the ® 2.25
info rmation about an interesting exhibition, as well as some of the (I= Interviewer; G = Greg Chandler)
new exhibition down at the objects that the Roberrsons sailed
Maritime Museum. wi th. Many other survival stories are 1: With us today on 'The Chat Show' is
featured, and there's also a bestselling author Greg Chandler,
J: Hello, Susie. Yes, the curators at the whose second novel, "Fast and
Maritime Museum have done it fas cinating look at the skills and
personal qualities you need to have furiou s" sold over a million copies in
again! This latest exhibition, entitled its first year alone. He's here to tell
Endurance and Survival, promises to if you want to sail round the world.
[La ughs] It left me in no doubt at all us about his most recent offering, a
be just as successful as last year's non-fiction work this rime, entitled
enormously popular Surf's Up that I would be extremely foolish
even to think of doing it! Take it slowly. Greg, tell us about the
event. If you en joy tales of endurance book. What inspired you to write it?
an d survival against the odds, then I: And do you think children would
yo u really must go along and see it. enjoy this exhibition, John? G : Well it came out of a realization
The centrepiece is the James Catrd, that 'we never seem to take pleasure
J: Oh yes, certainly. Some sections in the moment. We spend all our
the small lifeboat in which Antarctic specifically cater for kids. This is
explorer Ernest Shackleton and five time nowadays running around,
no r one of those museums where always in a hurry, thinking about
fhis 27-man crew sailed an you mustn't touch anything: There
i credible 800 miles to South what we've got to do next, and not
are loads of interacnve exhtbtrs, wtrh what we' re doing now. As soon as we
Georgia across some of the most bu ttons to push and things to do.
dangerous waters in the world. They wake up we check the time: it's the
And you can climb into the different first thing we do every day. And then
had had to leave the rest of the crew boa ts on display and imagine what
behind on a small island in order to throughout rhe rest of the day it's
conditions must have been like for the clock that determines our
go an d look for help . That was in those who sailed in them.
April1916. Shackleton's ship, behaviour, that dictates what we do
Surprisingly, though, what my and when we do it. And we rush
Endurance, had got stuck in the 12-year-old boy found most
Antarctic ice almost a year and a half aro und, in this mad, non-stop race
interesting was the display of against rime doing everything as
before that inJanuary 1915, and navigation equipment. I think he
their long battle for survival is surely quickly as we possibly can.
was fascinated by how it's developed

156
 Listening scripts

1: We have a kind of obsession with which is good, clean and fair; that is,
speed, don't we? food which tastes good, which uses
G: Yes, that's right. It's become an clean production methods that
addiction. We need to have the respect the environment, and whose
fastest possible internet connection, producers are paid a fair wage. It's a
we want to know the quickest route reaction to food produced on an
from A to B, we eat fast food, we industrial scale which is often none
speed-read and we even look for a of these things - fast food,
partner through speed-dating. readymade meals, that kind of thing.
1: So you're basically saying we need to 1: It's not particularly healthy, either.
slowdown. G: Exactly. Of course, Slow Food is not
G : Yes, slow down and enjoy life. It's as the only organisation in the 'slow'
simple as that. But we seem to have movement. You may have heard
forgotten how to do it. And that's about the Cittaslow.
what this book is about- helping 1: Is that Slow Cities?
people learn to do something which G : That's right. Slow Cities. Well, towns
should really be second nature. mainly, because they all have under
1: So what's the key? What's your main fifty thousand inhabitants. There are
advice? more than one hundred and twenty
G: Well, it's a whole way of thinking, so towns in the network now, and
before anything else, it's important that's in eighteen different
to embrace the belief that your life countries. To become members they
would be better if you took things all have to agree to a set of over fifty
more slowly. That's the key. And goals and principles, which aim to
once you've accepted that, then my improve the quality oflife there, to
number one tip is always ' Don't wear enable people to live at a slower,
a watch '. The first step to taking healthier, more relaxed pace.
control of your time is to pay less 1: And what sorts of things do they do
attention to it. I don't wear a watch, to achieve this?
and I still get to meetings on time, G: Anything from planting flowers in
I'm still aware of time, but it doesn't the high street to promoting healthy
dominate my life, and I'm not eating or improving the traffic
glancing at my wrist every five system. They value local traditions
minutes worrying about what time and more traditional ways of doing
It IS .
things, they prefer bikes to cars,
I· Interesting. And what else would peace and quiet to noise. It's about
you recommend? celebrating diversity and rejecting
G : Well, there's the whole area of the fast-lane, homogenized world
eating; taking time over your food, you see in so many cities across the
not rushing it. For example, don't globe.
eat your breakfast standing up. It's 1: Sounds great, Greg. I only wish this
an important meal, perhaps the city could become a member ...
most important one of the day, so
set aside enough time in the
morning to sit down and enjoy it.
Also, chew your food, don 't swallow
it before you've had time to take in
the flavour. And it's worth sitting
quietly for a few moments before
eating a meal - it' ll slow you right
down and help you appreciate your
food.
1: Food for thought there, indeed.
Actually, while we're on the subject,
tell us about the Slow Food
movement, Greg. You mention that
in your book.
G : Yeah, this is a non-profit
organisation that promotes food

157
 rasa ver ~

1St
find something out (5) discover a fact or piece of
The numbers in brackets refer to the Coursebook unit in information
which the phrasal verb first occurs. fish something out (9) pull something out of a bag or
All definitions are taken from Macmillan Phrasal Verbs other container
plus. get something across (6) make people understand
something
get back together if two people who ended their
Phrasal verb Meaning (with someone) (10) romantic relationship get back
ask someone out (10) invite someone to go with together, they start having a
you to a cmema, restaurant etc relationship with each other
because you want to start a a gam
romantic relationship with
get by (on/ with) something (7) have just enough of something
them
such as money or knowledge
break into something (4) enter a building by force, to be able to do what you need
especially in order to steal things to do
break up (with someone) (10) if two people break up, they get in with someone (5) begin to be involved with a
end their relationship particular person or group
bring something back (8) cause ideas, feelin gs, or get on (2) be successful in life or at work
memories to be in your mind have a friendly relationship
get on with someone (5)
a gam with someone
carry o n with/ doing continue doing so mething manage to deal with a difficult
get through something (7)
something (2) sttuanon
care on (5) become popular or fashionable give something up (1) stop doing something that you
care up (8) talk to someone yo u have not do regularly
seen for some time and find go away (4) leave your home for a period of
out what they have been doing time, especially for a holiday
chat so meone up (10) start a conversatio n with go back on something (6) fail to do something that you
someone because you want to have promised or agreed to do
start a romantic relationship
with them go for something (1) choose a particular thing
check someone/ something examine someone or go off(6) happen in the way that had
out (3) something in order to be been planned
certain that everything is
go on to do something (2) do something after you have
correct, true or satisfactory
finished doing something else
come up with something (2) think of an idea o r a plan
go out (4) leave your house and go
cover something u p (1) hide the truth abo ut somewhere, especially in order
something to do something enjoyable
cram something into do a lot of activiti es in a short go out with someone (10) have a romantic relationship
something (9) time with someone and spend a lot
oftime with them
d raw u p (9) if a vehicle draws up, it arrives
at a place and stops grow up (2) change from being a child to
being an adult
d ro p someone off(4) take someone to a place in a
car, usually without getting hang around together (5) spend time with each other
out of the car you rself
lash out at someone (9) cry to hit someone suddenly
end u p (1) be in a particular place or state
after doing someth ing or leak out (6) if private or secret information
because of doing something leaks out, it becomes known by
the public
fall fo r something (3) believe that a trick or joke is
true leave someone/ something out (5) not include someone or
something
fall fo r someone (10) fall in love with someone
let someone down (1) make someone disappointed
fall out (with someone) (10) stop being friendly with by not doing something that
someone because you have had they are expecting you to do
an argument or a d isagreement
with them

138
 Phrasal verb list

lie in (9) stay in bed in the morning for sort something out (10) make arrangemems for
longer than usual something co happen
live on something (7) have a particular amount of split up (with someone) (10) end a marriage or romantic
money co buy the things that relationship
you need co live
stand out (5) be easy co see or notice because
look back on something (1) think about a time or event in of being different
the past
stay out (10) not return co your home,
look forward co (doing) feel happy and excited about especially when it is late
something (5) something that is going co
happen stick with something (5) continue co do something

look up co someone (1) admire and respect someone take someone in (3) trick someone in co believing
something that is not true
make out (that) (3) pretend that something is true
take off(4) if an aircraft takes off, it leaves
make something up (4) invent a scot-y, poem etc the ground and starts flying
make up (with someone) (10) become friendly with someone take someone on (2) start co employ someone
again after having had an
argument take something on (8) accept some work or
responsibility
move on co something (3) scop discussing or doing
something and begin take co someone/ something (5) begin co like someone or
discussing or doing something something
different take something up (2) start doing something new as a
pass out (10) suddenly become unconscious habit, job or imerest
pick someone up (4) go and meet someone, usually take something up fill a particular amoum of
in a vehicle (Writing Bank) space or time
pick someone/ something up lift someone or something up talk someone imo (doing) persuade someone co do
(Writing Bank) from a surface something (1) something
put something away put something in the place talk something through (1) discuss a plan or siwation in a
(Writing Bank) where you usually keep it when detailed way
you are not using it throw something away (4) get rid of something that you
put someone up (4) let someone stay in your house no longer want, for example by
putting it in a dustbin
put up with someone/ accept an annoying simation
something (5) without complaining, even couch down (4) if an aircraft couches down, it
though you do not like it lands
rub off on someone (1) if a quality that someone has wne out (1) scop paying attention
rubs off, it begins co affect wrn away from something (6) refuse co accept or use
another person so that they something any longer
begin co have that quality coo
turn out (2) develop in a particular way or
see someone off(4) go somewhere such as a have a particular result
station or airport with
someone in order co say wrn up (9) come somewhere unexpectedly
goodbye co them weigh something up (6) consider the good and bad
set time aside (9) reserve time aspects of something in order
set something up (2) co reach a decision about it
start a business or an
organization work something out (2) calculate
settle in (5) become familiar with a new
way oflife, place, or job
show something off co show people something you
someone (5) are very proud of so they will
admire it
sign up for something (2) join a course or organization
sleep in (9) continue sleeping after the
time you usually get up
son something out (5) do what is necessary co deal
with a problem, disagreement,
or difficult situation
successfully

159
160
 A er ky
Unit 1 Influences Use of English Part 1: Present perfect continuous
Multiple-choice doze page 9 1
Vocabulary: Influences page 6 2 a2 b 3 c1
2a l C 28 3A 48 SA 2
1 do, have 68 7A 8C 9A 10 c 1 Have you seen (before now - no specific
2 admire, encourage ll A 12 c time)
3 talk
Speaking and reading: 2 have been talking (repeated action in
4 shape recent past)
5 look, copy the influence of advertising page 1 0
3 have even been (recently/ unspecified
2b 1
time or place)
1 A 2 C 3 no match 4 0 5 8 billboard E junk mail D commercial F
4 I've been drinking (recent repeated
jingle B cold calling A poster C
Reading Part 3 : activity)
3 5 drunk (completed activity before now -
Multiple matching page 6
1 8 Something I absolutely hate is cold no specific time)
2 calling. I get really ratty with them. 6 I've been (state continuing up to
10 2A 38 40 58 2 A Ifl want something new I usually ask present)
68 7C 80 9C lO A a friend who knows more about it 7 wasn' t (completed activity)
11 8 12 0 13 8 14 A 15 0 than I do! 8 had (state up to present - stative verb
3a 3 C If it's simple .... it often sticks in ' have')
1 end people's minds. All these clever
2 rub adverts ... I'm sure they can' t be very Speaking Part 1:
3 look successful. Personal questions page 1 3
4 talked 4 E They can be quite dangerous ... it can 1
5 cover make you lose concentration. la 2b 3b
6 let 5 0 There are ways of asking to go on a
7 given list so that you don' t get junk mail. Writing Part 1: Email page 14
language focus: Past tenses page 8 listening Part 2: 2 The informal style of punctuation,
Sentence completion page 11 the use of contractions and colloquial
1
phrases and missing words indicate
1 rook 4
that this is an informal email.
2 had, wanted; had, been 1 chocolate bar
3 was gomg 2 films You would use an informal style to
4 had/ 'd been covering 3 soft reply to the email.
2a 4 name 3
a2 b l c3 d4 5 Robot a exclamation mark, dash
6 American b I'm, you've, I'm, haven' t, I've, you've,
2b
7 centre of attention I'm , don' t know, Money's, I've
1 past perfect continuous
8 get worse c (I) left it
2 past continuous
9 commercials/ commercial break (it was) great to get your email
3 past simple
10 the news (I) bet you've never done that!
4 past perfect simple
d great, typical me, bet
3 Language focus:
1 affected, had/ was having Present perfect simple and continuous Review page 1 6
2 walked, was imitating page 12
Use of English Part 4 : Transformations
3 passed, had encouraged/ encouraged Present perfect simple 1 since I last watched
4 had, had been exercising
la 2 not/ n't been to France for
5 was, looked up to
6 wanted, had eaten 1 no 2 no 3 yes 4 there will 3 havej've known Gary since
be more product placement in TV shows 4 we have/'ve been playing
Speaking and vocabulary: across Europe 5 best meal I havej've ever
The weather page 8 1b 6 were you playing
2 a4 b 1+2 c2 d3 7 havej've been feeling
1 heavy 2 8 havej've never been to/ travelled to/
2 drop visited
lb 2a 3d 4c 5d 6a
3 high language focus
3
4 hard 1 was coming
1 already/ so far this month
5 gale 2 noticed
2 already/ never/ just
6 wave 3 picked
3 since 2009
7 spell 4 realised
4 never
8 light 5 belonged
5 yet/ this morning
6 ever 6 had written
7 phoned

161
Answer key

8 was walking But I decided early on that I'd be much • How and when he came up with his idea
9 went happier running my own store and selling • How he started the business
10 had found kitchen equipment. I've actually got two now • The early days
11 'd been worrying - so I'm doubly successful! • A problem which was solved
12 had Speaker 4 A I had to be patient for • How the business has grown
13 'd dropped success to come. • His criteria for choosing the sweets he sells
14 had chosen Success didn 't come overnight for me. Indeed, • Advice to would-be entrepreneurs
it was several years before I actually had 4
Use of English Part 2: Open doze anything published. 1F 2H 3E 4A 5C 6G
But I was quietly determined and prepared to 7B D not used
1 been 2 The 3 on 4 was
5 no 6 up 7 have 8 of wait. I knew that it was just a question oftime. 5
9 Sm ce 10 and 11 its 12 ago Speaker 5 E A combination of factors is 1c 2f 3e 4a 5d 6b
required to become successful. Language focus : Ability page 22
Vocabulary It's never just one thing, is it?
1a
1 ... to begin with, luck often comes into it
1 couldn't 2 can't 3 managed
1 up 2down 3 up 4 for And then there's skill, of course ...
7off 4 su cceeded
5 into 6 back But in my book, success mostly comes down
to hard work. b
2
3 2 " ... we are not ab le to talk to you."
1 downpour
Speaker 1 3 In the end, t h ey were ab le to send out
2 spell
B I enjoy the wealth associated with all the orders.
3 h eat
success. 4 Forrunately, Parker was able to persuade
4 high breeze
They earn a lot of money... them to continue production ...
5 dropped
2a
F Yo u need to have confidence in yo u r
could is possible wh en we talk about
Unit 2 Success! own ability.
general abi lity in the past (as in 1) but
... some ofthem have a very high opinion of
not when we talk about ability to do
Vocabulary and Speaking: themselves and their abilities.
something on one occasion in t h e past
Success page 1 8 D A successful person is someone who (as in 2) .
1 do accomplishes their goals. 2b
2 m ake [The connection between 'goals' and My dog ran away last night but we managed
3 be the football career of the speaker.] to find him and bring him home.
4 get Speaker 2 My dog ran away last night but we
5 gmng C I listened to the advice of other experts. succeeded in finding him and bringing
6 achieved Experience has taught me not to listen too him home.
7 go, turn closely to what other people say. My dog ran away last night but we were
8 did , got A I h ad to be patient for success to come. able to find him and bring him home.
As I'll be explaining in my autobiography 3
List e ning Part 3:
- when I eventually find the time, and the 1 can - th ere is no infinitive form of
Mult iple matching page 18
patience, to write it. modal verbs such as 'can'
1 2 didn 't succeed in - the preposition in has
1C 2F 3D 4A 5E Speaker 3 to be followed by a gerund (getting to
B n ot u sed B I enjoy the wealth associated with
sleep)
success. 3 could - there is no past participle form
2
Young people nowadays think that success is of modals such as 'can'
Speaker 1 C I listened to the advice of
all about being on the telly and having loads 4 was incapable - be capable/ be incapable are
ot her experts.
of money. followed by ofand a gerund (incapable of
... so when I started out, I'd often pick up the
phone and talk to my old bosses, ask them for Speaker4 riding a bike)
a fe w tips. B I enjoy the wealth associated with 5 could - as this is one occasion in the
... they were also a great help to me in my success. past, could is not possible .
early years as a manager. During the day I taught English in a private 6 unable - the correct way to use this
language school - for not very much money, I would be I am unable to lend ...
Sp eaker 2 F You need to have
have to say ... 5
co n fidence in your own ability.
The key to success is to believe in yourself, to Speaker 5 1 capable
convince yourselfyou can do it every time C I lis tened to the advice of other experts. 2 able
you go on stage. I usually spend five minutes That's always my advice to budding 3 managed
before a performance, looking in my dressing entrepreneurs. 4 how
room mirror telling myself how good I am. Reading Part 2: Gapped text page 20 5 su cceeded
Sp eaker 3 D A successful person is 6 can
3 7 could
som eon e who accomplishes their goals. The article mencions the following general
For me, success is just deciding whatyou 8 unable
points: 9 was
want from life, what your aims are, and then • His career before he set up his online sweet
achieving whatyou set out to do ... 10 impossible
business

162
 Answer Key

B h ave a large breakfast. B the generosity of the peop le.

Word formation: Adjectives page 23 Correct answer: I don't normally eat very Correct answer: this is explained
1 much in the morning but that had to change in the whole of Mark's last turn.
b lucky c traditional d fixed for this trip. I always made sure every night He says I was amazed and It was very
e interesting that I had plenty offood for when I got up. heartwarming.
2 C phone home. C the size of the houses.
2 po1sonous dangerous humorous Not stated: and listen to some relaxing Not stated; he mentions homes but
3 professional emotional natural music on my phone. not the size: they'd invite me into their
4 wealthy cloudy sunny 4 While he was cycling, Mark homes ...
s careful harmful beautiful frequently felt Language focus:
6 reasonable comfortable reliable A fed up.
7 frighten ing worrymg surpnsmg Comparisons page 25
Not stated: I went through 23 different
8 dependent insistent apparent 1
countries, most ofwhich I'd never been to
The words given are those that appeared in
3 before, so I couldn't very well get bored.
the recording: the bracketed words are also
1 healthy 2 uncomfortable 3 worryi ng B lonely.
grammatically possible.
4 exhausted S spectator 6 viewers Not stated: I met so many friendly people
7 harmfu l 8 careless 9 dangerously on the way that I was hardly ever conscious of 1 than
10 humorous the fact I was doing it alone. 2 as (so)
C tired. 3 most (least)
Listening Part 4: 4 the, the
Correct answer: I also had my music to
Multiple choice page 24 S little (bit, lot)
... keep me awake. It was often a struggle at
2 the end ofthe day to keep my eyes open and 2
1 c concentrate on the road. Adjective/ Adverb Comparative Superlative
... my aim was to raise funds through fast faster the fastest
S Mark says that high winds caused
sponsorship for the Alzheimer Care Trust. wet wetter the wettest
him to
I hope to give the charity a cheque very soon white whiter the whttest
A progress more slowly than planned.
for four hundred thousand pounds. early earlier the ear/test
Correct answer: But I did lose a bit oftime
slowly more slowly the most slowly
3 and I got to Australia a little later than I'd gentle gentler/ the gentlest/
A My grandfather ... encouraged me to take up intended.
more gentle most gentle
cycling when I was a teenager B lose confiden ce in his cycling ability.
reliable more reliable the most
B Interviewer: Were you hoping to break a Not stated; he lost time, not reltable
record? confidence: I did lose a lot oftime ... good better the best
Mark: IfI was, I failed miserably. The C fall off his bicycle and injure himself. bad worse the worst
record stands at 175 days and it took me He says he nearly did: Interviewer: far farther/ further the farthest/
quite a lot longer than that. Hm, dangerous. Did you ever have any furthest
4&S accidents? 3a
28 38 4C SA 6A 78 Mark: I didn't, fortunately. I nearly got 1d 2c 3e 4b Sa
blown off my bike once or twice, though. 3b
2 What does Mark say about the
people who came to welcome him 6 What does Mark say about the 1c 2d 3e 4a Sd
home? technological equipment he took? 4a
A Some of them were crying. A It wasn't very heavy. 1 Books are much more interesting than
It was Mark who was crying: I got very Correct answer: But none ofit weighed films
emotional ... I had to get my handkerchiefout very much ... 2 It's better to try and fail than never try
to dry the tears. B There was too much. at all.
B Many were surprised by his appearance. Not stated; he simply lists the 3 The people in my co untry are among
Correct answer: It was actually quite equipment and its functions . the friendliest in the world.
funny, though, to see the look ofshock on a lot C Some of it was stolen. 4 The more qualifications yo u have, the
ofpeople'sfaces when they saw my beard. He had to be careful, but none was more easily yo u will find a job.
C There were not as many as he had stolen: S The Harry Potter films are by far the
expected. Mark: apart from worrying about getting it most entertaining films that have ever
Not stat ed. There were probably stolen, it wasn't really a problem. been made.
more than he expected: I got very Interviewer: And did anyone ever steal 6 Cats are not quite as sociab le as dogs.
emotional last Sunday when I saw all the anything? 7 English is probably the most difficult
people who turned out to meet me at the Mark: On the contrary. Everyone kept language of all to learn.
finishing line. trying to give me things! 8 Many of the mistakes in this exercise
3 It was important for Mark each 7 In some countries he visited, Mark are the same as the ones that I often
morning to was impressed with make.
A get up at exactly the same time. A the quality of the food.
He got up early but not always at Not stated; he mentions food but not
exactly the same time: I'd usually get up the quality: ... they'd invite me into their
fairly early, somewhere between five and half homes, and refuse to accept any money for
past, maybe a bit later the food they gave me.
Answer key

Vo ca bulary: Sport page 26

2a&b
Underlined word Normally Spo rt Place Clothes & Equipment Other words
associated with Football pitch boots referee, match
a track athletics Tennis court racket, net umptre
b pitch football Basketball court vest time out, referee
c goggles swimming, skiing Athletics track vest, starting blocks field event, meetin g
d court tennis, basketball Golf course clubs tournan1ent, hole
e vest basketball, athletics Swimming pool goggles, trunks, costume lane
f hel met skating, skiing Skiing slope goggles, sticks, helmet slalom
g ho le golf Ska ting rink Rollerblades™, helmet, knee pads
h t runks swtmming

3 Use of English Part 3: Word formation 3

a taken up, take part, takes place 1 different 2 easily 3 employment 1 Jack can' t have gone
b silver, second, runner-up 4length 5 original 6 unchanged 2 This can't be Winchester already
c viewers, spectators, crowd 7 successful 8 owners 9 production 3 he might/may/could be there.
d beat, drew, won 10 surp rised 4 I must have been doing something else
e go ne, playing, practise when she told you.
5 it might/may not be - it's difficult to
W ri t ing Part 2: Unit 3 It's an illusion tell.
Articles (Additional material)
pag e 127 Vocabulary: Fakes page 30 Vocabulary:
A 2 Expressions with take page 32
1b 2c 3a 1 into 2 taken 3 check 4 tell 1
B 5 imita tion 6 genuine 7 fallen 1c 2f 3b 4a Sd 6e
a more informal 8 out 9 coming 10 forgery
Use of English Part 4:
b Contractions: I've, I'm, I'd (x2), wasn't, 11 cloning 12 guard 13 cheating
Transformations page 33
I't•e, I'm, don 't, it's 14 copying 15 tell
Phrasal verbs: took up, gave up, carry on 1 might have met while/ when
with, sign up for Listening Part 3 : 2 must have been tired because
Conjunctions at the beginning of Multi ple matching page 31 3 is capable of passing
sentences Because, So 2 4 tell the difference between
c 1C 2D 3B 4F SA 5 had done the shopping
Can _you think ofa better way ofkeeping in 6 might not have remembered to
Vocabu lary: Appearance page 31 7 a possibility (that) Phil gave
shape than taking part in a team sport?
as well as being the fittest I've ever been, I'm 1 8 take into account
also a lot happier 1 clear 2 wrinkled 3 slim
4 straight 5 thick 6 full Reading Part 1 :
... it u•asn 't nearly as enjoyable as doing
7 narrow 8 dull Multiple choice page 34
something together with other people.
I'm much more able to sit at my desk and 2 2a animation film
carry on with my revision. 1b 2d 3a 4e Sc 2b possible types of films: crime thriller,
What could be better? courtroom drama, western, romance,
Langua ge focus: romantic comedy, musical, historical
Review page 28 Modals of speculation and deduction film, biopic, disaster film, political
page 3 2 thriller
Language focus
1 4 It is mainly about Pixar
1 least, in, a, by 51 0 2A 3C 4C SB
must be, can' t have grown
2 not, as, as, bit/ little 6A 7C 80
could be
3 many, as, such, less
must have had Language focus:
4 more, the, ever, quite
must be wearing Present simple and continuous
5 many, worse, fewer
2a page 36
1 could
Use of English Part 4: Transformations 1
2 must 1 Pixar never sits still.
1 d id n't/ did not succeed in finding 3 can 't
2 is, will be impossible for m e 2 The major studios ~ lot of money
m ay and m ight can be used in place of
3 no t capable of looking into their own 3D ~
could 3 Pixar makes cartoons that both
4 managed to get 2b
5 is no t/ isn't quite as/ so old children and adults adore.
1 perfect infinitive 4
6 dtrtiest beach l havef l've ever 2 continuous infinitive
7 longer you sleep, the better 3 simple infinitive
8 are not/ aren' t as many students
5

164
 Answer Key

6 And~worse! 6 tn Vocabulary: Travel page 45

7 'Carl, our main character, goes on an 7 risk 1 C taxied, Brook off
emotional journey.' 8 clear 2 0 give you a lift, C pick you up
2 Use of English Part 2: Open doze 3 0 rest, B enjoy
a continuous (sentence 5) 1 being 4 A delayed, C boarded
b simple (sentence 3) 2 could/ did 5 B put, 0 stayed
c continuous (sentences 2 & 4) 3 managed 6 C went away, A went on
d continuous (sentence 6) 4 more 7 C change, B get
e continuous (sentence 2) 5 had 8 0 trip, C rour
f simple (sentence 1) 6 do/ can Use of English Part 2:
g simple (sentence 7) 7 have Open doze page 46
3 8 always/ forever
1
1 a simple - regular action 9 must
1 up 2 on 3 it 4 who/ that
b continuous - annoying 10 never
5 because/ as 6 have/'ve 7 not
2 a continuous- action in progress 11 makes
8 the 9 little 10 all
b continuous - temporary activity 12 [Q

3 a simple continuous - regular 2

Use of English Part 1 :
b continuous - in process of change Samantha Lazarris went ro Puerto Rico
Multiple-choice doze
instead of Costa Rica.
4 1C 2A 3C 4A 50
1 are selling The travel agent had used the wrong
6C 70 8B 90 10 B
2 ' m only working booking code.
11 A 12 B
3 don't understand, ' re saying She had ro spend £800 on three extra
4 don' t usually rake flights.
5 tsgomg Unit 4 Going Away
3
6 are always popping up 1 up
Reading Part 3 :
Listening Part 1: Multiple matching page 42 2 of
Multiple choice page 3 6 1B 2C 3E 4C SA 60 3 until
1 1C 2C 3A 4B SB 7B 8E 90 10 C 11 0
4 had
6B 7A 8B 12 B 13 A 14 C/ E 15 E/ C 5 In
6 the
Writing Part 2: Reviews page 38 Language focus : 7 As
3 Gerunds and infinitives page 44 8 [Q

Plot: the srory of Merlin the wizard and 1 9 It

King Arthur when they were both young. 1 not having 10 instead
Each week they have a new adventure, 2 Reading 11 other
often fighting magical monsters/ 3 letting, watch 12 would/ will
characters from the old legends 4 To prevent 4
Actors: newcomers Bradley James and 5 looking 1 phrasal verb
Colin Morgan 6 ro get 2 preposition/ set phrase
Setting: location in a spectacular French 7 to calm, restore 3 conjunction
castle and the Welsh forests, 8 afford, ro have 4 auxiliary verb
Special effects: excellent use of special 2 5 preposmon
effects ro create the monsters. 1 c 6 article
2 a 7 set phrase/ preposition
Writer's opinion: I was really impressed
by the first few episodes of this series 3 b,i 8 preposition
4 d 9 pronoun
4 1c 2e 3d 4b Sa 5 c 10 instead of is a preposition
5 2 4 3 1 6 e 11 pronoun
7 f,i 12 auxiliary verb
Review page 40
8 h,g Listening Part 2:
Language focus 3 Sentence completion page 47
1 must have invited 1 to protect 1
2 can't be, must be 2 before going food mile noun [CJ a measure of the
3 can't have spent 3 need ro put distance travelled by foods between the
4 might/ could/ may have phoned 4 Avoid going out place where they are produced and the
5 must speak 5 do not let your skin re burn. place where they are eaten.
Vocabulary 6 don't forget to drink
7 Correct Source: Macmillan English Dictionary
1 tell
8 get used ro wearing 2
2 made
9 Correct 1 fork
3 cheating
10 Spending time 2 ninety five/ 95
4 take
3 global temperatures
5 crooked
4 (an) aeroplane/ airplane

165
Answer key

5 locally grown Writi ng Part 1: Letter page SO 10 leaving

6 simplistic 1 11 Travelling
7 Jun e (onwards) Ian Webster's letter is written in a formal 12 nor walk
8 (form/ method/ means/ mod e of) sryle. 13 to ger
transport 14 to cycle
9 one Featur es 15 Imagine
10 rracrors No contractions: We are delighted vou have 16 going
chosen - 17 having
W o rd formation: Prefixes page 47 18 roger
More formal language: I hope you are happy
1 19 getting
with this arrangement ! ifyou require any
a u nhelpful b unfriendly c incomplete 20 ro see
further information I Yours sincerely
2 No ph rasal verbs or informal punctuation. Phrasal verbs revision
1 di honest 2 unlucky 3 illegal 1 came, gave, set, ended
4 un practical 5 incorrect A formal sryle would be appropriate for
the reply. Ian Webster is a College Direcror, 2 see, dropped, rook, touched
6 Irrational 3 making, made, talk, taken, fall
who yo u have probably not mer, since rhe
3 (Additional material page 128) style of his letter is also formal. 4 look, let, growing, looked, breaking
1 u pleasant
2 d1squalified 4a
She begins by thanking Mr Webster for his Unit 5 Fitting in
3 u n usual
letter.
4 discourage Listening Part 3 :
5 unreliable Her ending is suitably formal: I look
Multiple matching page 55
6 u nable forward to hearingfrom y ou. Yours sincerely,
followed by her full name. 1 1D 2F 3C 4A SE
Rea d ing Part 2: Gapped text page 48 4b Language focus:
1 Yes, because ... First of all Time linkers with past tenses page 56
Her Cather, Dardie, left first: 'I was sad ro Students are required to write the
Say wh ich and why With regard to (the 1
sec Dardie go', she says. Then her mother, same word that the speaker used.
public holiday)
Mannie, announced she was going. This However, rhe words in brackets show
was 'unthinkable' ro rhe author. She Tell Mr Webster In answer to your
question about (our alternatives that would be possible in
was also separated from four of her five rhe context.
level)
sibli ngs and had ro go and live with her 2 for
godparents. She describes rhe two who Ask him about ... Finally, (we would be
interested to know .. ) 3 Whenever (When)
went with their mother as ' the lucky rwo' 4 until, for 'l
and says 'This was the day when a veil of 4c As, since 5 When (After)
unh appiness came down on my life.' 4d 6 before (until)
21 D 2H 3C 4F SA Familys - families, becuase - because, 7 By (Ar, although th e past simp le
6E 7G B not used cusrums - customs, takeing - raking, rather than the past perfect would be
confidente - confident, preffer - prefer, more likely to follow at the end)
Vocab ulary:
imediarely - immediately, oporruniry - 8 Ar
Verb collocations page SO
opportu nity, inrrested - interested, 9 for, eventually, after
1 1 made (took) 2 rake 3 made programe - program.mej program 10 soon
4 get, make 5 kept 6 break 11 While (When)
7 come 8 took Review page 52
2
2 Use of English Part 3 : Word formation 2 They'd all been working
Possible answers
1 extraordinary 2 attractive past perfect continuou s
3 invented stories/ tales
3 directly 4 visitors 3 someone had
4 h ave an opportunity to, get rich
5 enterrainment(s) 6 choice past simple
5 d idn't say anything
7 incomplete 8 jewellery/ jewelry
6 n or do what she said she would they would all go out
9 residence 10 enable
7 become a reality would + infinitive
8 lo k after Vocabulary without to
3 (Additional material page 128) 1 an eye 2 as 3 close 4 sense 4 Itwasn 't
b rake c get d come e keep 5 came 6 a chance 7 get 8 sure past simple
fbreak Language focus I'd been
4 1 visiting past perfect simple
1 rook a close look ar 2 to go I began to feel
2 came as a surprise 3 to do past simple, infinitive
3 b ro ken rhe law 4 looking/co look with to
4 get rid of 5 to go (or go)
5 kee p calm I was
6 seemg
past simple
7 to miss
8 having
9 to buy

166
 Answer Key

5 mydadgot 3 -ness -ing

past simple • a variety of tenses homelessness living
we had to move Past simple: e.g. I arrived at the airport, things tiredness building
past simple, infinitive didn't go, I thought, I ended up, we hardly spoke weakness meeting
with to Past continuous: they were sorting everything 3
6 Itwasn 't out, it was going to be terrible a government b neighbourhood
past simple Past perfect simple: Liam had stayed at c confidence d announcement
my house, we'd got on really well, they'd been e patience
I'd settled in
past perfect simple involved 4b
Past perfect continuous: I'd been looking growth - grow violence - violent
7 I'd got in with
forward to youths - young
past perfect simple
neighbourhood- neighbour safety- safe
8 it used to get me down • a wide range of vocabulary
4c
used to+ infinitive Collocations: e.g. go according to plan, be
magician - magic
9 I stuck with it involved in a car accident, spend the rest ofthe
disappointment- disappoint
past simple day, we hardly spoke a word, feed the animals,
embarrassment- embarrass
milk the cows, have a wonderful time
I left failure - fail confidence - confident
past simple Phrasal verbs: look forward to, get on with,
4d
pick up, end up, sort out, find out
my mum and dad had bought childhood - child
past perfect simple • suitable linking words adolescence - adolescent
10 I'd moved in when, though, because, but, while, at first, and, championships - champion
past perfect simple (not) until, so, when ... eventually announcement- announce
I made 4e
Reading Part 1: difficulty- difficult retirement- retire
past simple Multiple choice page 58 friendships - friend librarian -library
11 I was sleeping presence - present arrival - arrive
Help box
past continuous replacement- replace warmth - warm
Hurly-burly: a lot of noisy activity. This
someone broke into patience - patient
contrasts with the content of the previous
past simple 5
sentence, which 'couldn't be more different'.
3 -ure -al
Caught on: became popular. We can
1 Not long rime after I ... signature proposal
assume from the Kastam's lifestyle
2 It wasn' t until I had been studying ... failure arrival
described earlier in the paragraph, that
3 .... before of leaving the house ... -ment -ian
the innovations mentioned might well not
4 ... attention while/when I was reading ... unemployment politician
exist or at least be popular on Tanna.
5 As soon as I (had) got up payment magician
6 ... my friends for over half an hour ... 3 government librarian
7 .... an hour after ffift!' I went ... 1A 2B 3D 4C 5D 6B disappointment
8 ... but in the end/eventually I decided ... 7A 8B embarrassment
retirement
Writing Part 2 : Story page 56 Word formation: Nouns page 60
announcement
1 1 replacement
Answer B would receive a higher mark. 2 inhabitants 3 visitors
-th
4 viewers, commuters
Answer A is poorly planned and organized growth
5 investigation, distance
(eg I forgot to say why I didn 't know anyone) youth
6 innovations, electricity
and would lose marks for not beginning warmth
7 homelessness 8 living
the story with the given words. Of the -ence -hood
past tenses, only the past simple is used 2a&b
violence neighbourhood
and there is little evidence of a range of -ist -ant -er
confidence childhood
vocabulary and linking words. tourist inhabitant vtewer
adolescence
cyclist assistant commuter
The positive features of answer B are presence
scientist participant employer patience
drawn out in exercises 2 and 3.
wmner
2 -y -ship
-or -ion
Paragraph 1: Background to events and difficulty friendship
visitor investigation
introduction to Liam. safety championship
competitor innovation
Paragraph 2: Development of events: spectator prediction Use of English Part 3:
problem leading to events of final reduction Word formation (Additional material)
paragraph and introduction to the uncle. -ance -ity page 130
Paragraph 3: Outcome of events: the distance electricity 1
writer's low expectations for the day and appearance ability 1 survival 2 reliable 3 competition
the surprise awaiting him/ her. performance generosity 4 freely 5 comfortably 6 colourful
7 reactions 8 unwelcome 9 evidence
10 protection
Answer key

2 Listening Part 1: Review page 64

-al -ion -ence Multiple choice page 62
survival competition evidence Use of English Part 4: Transformations
1A 2C 3A 48 SA 6C
reaction 78 88 1 not lon g after he had/'d or not long
protection after having
Language focus: The future page 62 2 until I (had/ ' d) found/ worked
Vo cabulary: Personality page 61 3 as soon as you arrive
2 I'll be old eno ugh to start training
1 then. 4 unlikely to win
1 r eserved= shy, unwilling to talk about 3 (We'll be able to get up) when we 5 its complete failure to
o r show one's feel ings; the others all decide. 6 were such a disappointment
describe someone who enjoys meeting 4 I may not succeed. 7 following (your) payment of
and talking to people. 5 It should be fun. 8 during his childhood
2 patient= able to wait for a long time or 6 You aren' t likely to get much of a feel Vocabulary
deal with a difficult situ ation without fo r the country. 1
becoming angry or upset; rhe others 7 I'm not going to apply for it. 1 mannered 2 assured 3 tempered
describe someone who gets angry easily 8 We're spending another week in the 4 minded 5 going 6 tempered
3 considerab le = large in size or amount, Lake Di strict next month.
an d is not the same as considerate, which 2
9 Next month I'll be trying to film
means kind and caring; the others 2 unsociable irres ponsible
pumas in the Andes.
describe a person who can be trusted to unreliable
10 Next month he' ll have been working
do the righ t thing. 3 unfriendly im patient impolite
there for ten years.
4 sensitive= caring about someone and 4 thoughtless intolerant
2
not waming to hurt their feelings or insensitive
1 going 2 should 3 well
likely to become angry or upset easily; 5 u nkind u ncanng impractical
4 are playing 5 has finished 6likely
the others might be used to describe 7 have been learning 8 hope Phrasal verbs revision
someone who seeks out and/ or is 1 1d 2b 3a 4h Sg 6c
capab le of dealing with difficult or Writing Part 2:
7e Sf
dangerous situations. Letter of application page 63
Language focus
5 nervous = worried, afraid, not calm; the 2
others describe someone who remains The writer would be suitable for the job. 1 am/' m going (to go) or will/ ' ll be
calm a nd does not easily get upset or She h as had some relevant experience, gomg
angry. she has a good knowledge of the rypes of 2 won't take/ doesn't take
6 tolerant = willing to accept or pur books whic h will be available in the library, 3 is coming/is goi ng to come/ will be
up with someone else's behaviour she speaks languages that the school commg
and opinions even if you disagree offers, and as well as having the right 4 gets
\H th them; the others could be u sed personal qualities she is very keen. 5 shall we go (also: can/ should we go)
to describe someone who believes in 6 am/' m going to stay
3 7 start/ are starting/are going to start
th emselves and their own abilities and Paragra ph 2: to give information about herself
ju dgements. 8 will/' ll be revising or am/' m going to
and knowledge relevant to the job revise or am/' m revising
7 lazy = nor willing to work or make an
Paragraph 3: to give details of relevant 9 'll phone
effort; the others describe someone who
th inks about other people and wants to
experience 10 will/' ll be watching
help them. Paragraph 4: to describe relevant personal 11 to start
8 p r actical = making sensible decisions qualities and explain why she thinks she is 12 setting off
or able to do or make useful things; suitable for the job 13 to be
th e others are negative and describe 14 will/' ll probably get or are/' re
4 Possible answers probably going to get
someone who is not polite. Dear 15 will/' ll give
Spea king Part 3: I have seen your advertisement in the latest issue 16 get or have/ 've got
Co lla borative task page 61 of
I am writing to apply for the job as Unit 6 A matter of opinion
Usefu l language
Here are some adjectives which might be
I am .. .years old
Vocabulary:
useful for the jobs in the photographs: As a result of. .. I ... Expressing your opinions page 66
Positive I have a good knowledge of
rough, friendly, self-assured, sociable, 3a
I also spent ... working 1 action
o utgoing, even-tempered, responsible,
adventurous, cheerful, lively, enthusiastic, (computer) skills 2 complaining
practical, reliable, patient, sensible, In addition to ... I 3 across
tolerant, decisive, easygoing, brave, 4 demon strations
I have a (patient) and (friendly) nature 5 strongly
confidem
... which I think is important for ... 6 far
Negative (what the people shouldn't be} 7 disruption
I feel I would be well suited to a job in ...
fussy, moody, nervous, bad-tempered, 8 minds
gru m py, lazy I look fo rward to hearingfrom you.
Yours sincerely
 Answer Key

Reading Part 3: Writing Part 2: Essay page 71 He asked me if/ whether I was watching it
Multiple matching page 66 3 too.
3 1 however/ whilst He said it looked really impressive.
1D 2A 3C 4B SD 2 firstly/ secondly He said it had been a long day so h e was
6A 7B 8A 9D 10 D 3 as/ because going to bed early.
ll C 12 B 13 B 14 A 1SC 4 such as
He said he would give me a ring soon.
S to conclude
Language Focus: 6 personally/ in my opinion/ ! firmly Vocabulary
Reported speech page 68 believe that/ ! fully agree that/ ! feel that 1
1 present simple becomes past simple.
Language focus: 1 take 2 make 3 caused 4 take
2a
Reported questions page 72 S goes 6 get
2 must changes to had to
3 will changes to would 1 2
4 present continuous changes to past How many members of the Youth 1 minds 2 line 3 weighed
continuous Parliament spoke in the debate? 4 strongly S demonstration 6 lead
S can changes to could Are you going to campaign for any of th e Phrasal verbs revision
6 present perfect changes to past perfect matters you discussed? 1 a up b up with
2b Wi ll the Youth Parliament return to the 2 a off b back on
2, 4 & S we changes to they House of Commons at a future date? 3 a on b to
4 our changes to their 4 a for b after
S here changes to there 2
Use of English Part 2: Open doze
1 There is no inversion in reported
Reporting verbs page 68 questions. 1 at 2 be 3 how 4 what S on
1 2 yes 6 have 7 it 8 why 9 as
1 reminding 2 predicting 3 warning 3 They are not used in reported 10 able/ ready/ willing/ prepared
4 refusing S persuading 6 ordering questions. 11 whether 12 not/ never
7 offering 8 advising 4 if/ whether
2 3 Unit 7 Survival
2 Maria predicted that Roy Green would 1 ... if/ whether he had enjoyed the
win the election. (pattern 3) expenence. Speaking page 78
3 My brother warned me nor to be late 2 ... if/ whether anyone had been wearing 1
that evening or our dad would be angry. a suit and tie. Possible answers
(pattern 2) 3 ... how long the Youth Parliament had What aspects of the modern world
4 The student refused to sign that been trying to get to the Ho u se of threaten their survival?
petition. (pattern 1) Commons. Books: e-readers, television and computer
S My friend persuaded me to take a 4 ... if/ whether he was going to stand for games and other activities which lead to
break. (pattern 2) election the following year. people reading less
6 The teacher ordered the class to sir S ... if/ whether he thought the MPs had Letters: emails, text messages, cheap phone
down. (pattern 2) been impressed by the debates. calls, free calls made over the Internet
7 Mike offered to help me with the Small shops: large shopping centres,
Use of English Part 1:
research. (pattern 2) internet shopping
Multiple choice doze page 73
8 My dad advised my brother to compare Tropica l rainforests: agriculture which
prices before buying a computer. 1B because the article concerns the fu ture favours the growth of exportable prod ucts
(pattern 2) of newspapers and the possibility of such as rubber, bananas, coffee and carrie.
losing them. Cinemas: DVDs, illegal downloading of
Vocabulary: Making decisions page 69
1C 2D 3A 4C SA films on Internet, television
1 6B 7D SD 9C 10 B Whales: whale hunting, fishing nets, oil
1 consideration 2 mind, going 11 B 12 A poll ution, habitat destruction
3 rush, weigh 4 make S fence Board games: television and computer
6 option 7 rule Reading Part 2: Gapped text page 74 games
3
Listening Part 4: Vocabulary: Surviving page 79
1C 2B 3H 4A SF
Multiple choice page 70
6E 7G Dis tractor - D 1
1 1 get 2 make 3 live 4 stay S get
It is the House of Commons (one of the Review page 76
two Houses of Parliament) and members Language focus 2
of Parliament usually sit there to debate a stay alive b get by with
He said he had/'d been expecting to see me
important issues. c live on money
on the train but couldn' t/ hadn't been able
2 to find me. d get through the day
1B 2C 3A 4C SB e find it hard to make ends meet
He asked me if/ whether I had/' d gone.
6C 7A Listening Part 1 :
He said it had been amazing.
4 Multiple choice page 79
They chose lowering the voting age. He said he was sitting there watching the
march on TV. 1B 2B 3A 4C SA
6C 7B SA
Answer key

Language focus: Countable and 2b 3 ... one pupil talking to another about
uncountable nouns page 80 1 on 2 at 3 by 4 out of 5 in how a teacher punished him or her.
1 3 4 ... a bank or shop employee talking to a
1 hypermarkets [ C ] 1 charge, fire, risk, danger friend about their dress code at work.
2 tigers [C) 2 accident, purpose, pay 5 ... one examination candidate talking
3 eBooks [ C] 3 order, complaining, smiles to another about the exam.
4 schools [ C ] money. [ U ] 4 participated, res u lted, agree 6 ... one person talking to another about
5 damage [ U] street. [ C] a pair of binoculars.
Listen ing Part 2: 7 ... one person talking to another about
6 trees [ C]
Sentence completion page 84 their car.
7 house [ C ] roof tiles. [ C ]
8 knowledge [ U ] research. [ U ] 1 Endurance and Survival 8 ... one person talking about towels to a
9 journalist [ C] help [ U] advice. [ U] 2 five/5 friend who is coming to stay.
10 problems [ C] behaviour. [ U] 3 January
Word formation: Adverbs page 86
4 whales
2 1a patiently, carefully, fully, dully
5 bag of onions
Before [U] nouns
6 Japanese 1b reasonably, gently, truly, wh olly,
a large amount of much a great deal of 7 round/ around the world immediately, bravely
Before plural [C) nouns 8 in teractive 1c happily, noisily
many a large number of 9 n avigation equipment
1d automatically, scientifically, publicly
very few several a couple of a few 10 children under/below 6/six (years old)
2
Before [U] and plural [C) nouns Langua ge focus: obligation, prohibition, 2 safely 3 eventually 4 specifically
som e alotof advice and necessity page 84 5 enormously 6 extremely
3a 1 few 2 a few 1 7 absolutely 8 incredibly
3b little and a little 1 must (have to and should are also possible) 9 remarkably 10 surprisingly
2 had to 3 mustn't 4 ought 3
4
5 have to 6 don' t have to 7 need 1 successfully / extremely
1 in very good health, finding work/ a job
8 should 2 critically / initially
2 The news ... is depressing, it's terrible
weather 2 3 incredibly/ surprisingly
3 a lo t of damage, to the furniture Advice (present)
Writing Part 2: Reports page 87
4 \X'e went on holiday/a trip to Italy, She ought to go out.
2
th ree pieces ofluggage/ three bags Lack of necessity (present) 1 Introduction
5 traffic information, public transport
There's no need for her to go out. 2 Going dancing
5 She needn't go out. 3 The sea is free
1 Several, number 4 Indoor water fun
Prohibition (present)
2 many, plenty 5 Conclusion
3 Each, few, little, lot She isn't allowed to go out.
They won't let her go out. 3
4 amount, much
The target reader is the leader of the group
5 enough, few Prohibition (past) of foreign students. The report is written
Use of English Part 2: She wasn 't allowed to go out. in a formal style.
O pen doze page 81 They wouldn't let her go out. 4a
1 Obliga tion (past) Words and phrases for showing th e
1 Cardiff 2 three 3 twenty 4 one They made her go out. amount or number of people and things.
5 Rugby 6 choral singing She was made to go out. a g reat deal ofmoney
7 Catherine Zeta-Jones 8 eldest 3 its large number ofdiscotheques
2 1 you aren't allowed/ you won't be many (discotheques)
1 in 2 is 3 as 4 both allowed Most town centre discotheques
5 every/ each 6 until/till 7 These/ The 2 We had/ 'd better a ll your students
8 wh ich 9 to 10 few 11 has 3 He made me stay plenty ofamusements
12 Although/ Though/ While/ Whilst 4 We d on't have to wear every age group
5 I needn't have spent several water slides
Rea d ing Part 2: Gapped text page 82
6 had to/ have to buy 4b
3 7 I have to walk Words and phrases for talking about price.
1F 2H 3A 4E 5G 8 no n eed for you to bring do not involve spending a great deal ofmoney
6C 7B town centre discotheques are not cheap
4a
Vo ca bulary: Prepositions page 83 Possible answers admission is in exp ensive
It might be ... drinks are a.ffordably priced
1 The sea is free
a on b about c at d in eat 1 ... an employee at a petting zoo or a farm
speaking to children about the animals. There is no charge fo r entry
fat prices are reasonable
2 ... one child talking to another about
2a the mess they've made at home and there are gen erous student discounts
2to 3 for 4on 5 about 6 at without having to spend a fo rtune
their mother's reaction if she sees it.
 Answer Key

4c Listening Part 4 : exam. At the moment it is being kept

Phrases for m aking recommendations. Multiple choice page 91 in the h ead teacher's office. A notice
I would advise students to go to those on the 2 about the laptop will be put on the
seafront main noticeboard asking the owner to
1B 2B 3A 4B SC
the beach (is) a must for all your students go to the head teacher, and studems
6C 7B
I would also recommend a visit to the indoor in all classes should be told about it.
Aqua Park Vocabulary: Studems sh ould also be reminded
Expressions with mind page 92 that laptops are not permitted in exam
5 rooms. When the name of the owner is
many ... are specifically aimed at under-16s, 1
known, the laptop will be confiscated
so are ideally suited to your younger group 1d 2a 3c 4f Se
for a period of one momh.
members. 6g 7b
who will love its fine sand and clean water 2 Writing Part 1 : Letter page 94
which appeal to every age group 1c 2d 3f 4g Sa 2b
it is highly popular with young people 6b 7e Yes, the style is appropriately and
consistently informal.
Review page 88 Language focus: The passive page 93
Contractions
Use of English Part 4: Transformations 1
a1 b 2 c3 d4 e2 I'd love, You didn't say, I'm out walking, I
1 they shou ld build haven't done, I've got to, doesn't happen when
f 1 g2 h 4 i2
2 did not/ didn' t/ would not/ wouldn't let you're
her go 2
a being taken Punctuation
3 had/'d better leave
4 made him tidy b are (always) held The play sounds great - I'd love to come and see
5 no need for you to c was built you!
6 aren' t we allowed to or are we not d have (often) been asked I've got to resit my exams - the ones you asked
allowed to e had been handed in about. I did terribly!
7 needn' t have bought f be stored
Language
8 must not be removed g will be posted
h to be taken It was really nice to hear from you and catch up
Vocabulary on your news.
are being supervised
1 on, for The play sounds great
2 for, at Present simple: are (always) held
3 for, at I've got to resit my exams
Present continuous: are being supervised
4 about, at Present perfect: have (often) been asked Good luck and see you on lS'h
5 in, at Past simple: was built Best wishes
6 at, by Past perfect: had been handed in 3
7 In, in Future simple: will be posted By the way, even when, or, because, As
8 to, on Gerund: being taken soon as, when
Language focus Infinitive with to: to be taken
Infinitive without to: be stored Vocabulary: Arts and culture page 95
1 each/ every, much
2 many, little 3 2
3 few, few (to) be, past, by 2 performance: you watch a performance
4 plenty/ lots, couple - the others are all places.
4
5 number, any 3 ballerina: this is one person - the others
1b 2a 3d 4c
6 some, no/ little are all groups
5 4 exhibition: this is a gro up of things-
Use of English Part 3: Word formation 1 How to Develop a Perfect Memory was the others are all types of art
1 truly written by Dominic O 'Brien in 1993. 5 instrument: this is an object- the
2 survival oth ers are all people
3 exceptionally 2 This artist's work will still be 6 lyrics - the others are all types of music
4 successfully remembered in two hundred years from 7 sculpture - the oth ers are all people
5 dramatically now. 8 stage - the others involve illustrations
6 Unable 3 We were being given a vocab ulary test of some kind
7 dangerously when the fire alarm went off.
4
8 decision 4 I have been as ked by my n eighbour not
1 stage
9 Amazingly to play my music too loud. 2 best-seller
10 hesitation 5 Memory competitio n s are regularly
3 graffiti
h eld all round the world.
4 concert hall
Unit 8 Strength of mind 6 Mobile phones must be switched off
5 lyrics
before entering the classroom.
Vocabulary: Memory page 90 6 Reading Part 1:
3 An expensive laptop has been found in Multiple choice page 96
the Sports hall. It was discovered by a 4
1 unforgettable 2 memorizes
cleaner early this morning and must a preserve
3 photographic 4long 5 brings
have been left there after yesterday's b reverence
6 memorable 7from
Answer key

c scarcity Writing Part 2: Essay page 99 3 Memory is said to get worse with age.
d smash 3 4 The writer was being interviewed by
e t h e limelight television presenter, Mervyn Bagg, when
In paragraph 2 he/ she gives reasons why
f tantrums the lights suddenly went out in the
peo p le agree with the idea.
g demographic studio.
h pros perity In paragraph 3 he/she gives reasons why
S All fi lms will be made in 3D in the
5 people disagree with the idea.
future.
18 2C 3C 4D 58 In paragraph 4 he/ she gives his/ her own opinion. 6 Pat had been chosen to join the
6A 78 SD 4 orchestra so he was celebrating all
1 To support the idea night.
Language focus :
2 H owever 7 The decorating must be finished before
Passive of reporting verbs page 98
3 In addition to this we go on holiday.
1 4 O n a personal level 8 T h e p lay has been given positive reviews
1 ro have appeared 5 I agree that; in my opinion; I personally by most critics.
2 ro be getting believe that Use of English Part 1:
3 ro improve
5 Multiple-choice doze
a to be getting b to improve ideas which support one point of view 18 2A 3B 4D SA
c to have appeared
On one hand. There is an argument that 68 7C 8C 9A 10 D
2 ... So me people feel that... One point of 11 B 12 8
It is known that Alfred Hitchcock view is that ...
appeared in most of his films.
idea s which suppor t a contrasting point Unit 9 A slave to routine
It is t hought that the human brain is of view
getting bigger. Reading Part 1 :
On the other hand Whereas Others
It is said that memory improves the more Multiple choice page 1 02
argue that ...
o ften we use it. 2
an additional point
Polly notices with annoyance that Iryna has not
Add it ional material page 132 As well as this What is more Moreover put out his school clothes for him.
a a n exa mple from personal experience 'I can't find my school tie,' Polly's son complains.
2 It is expected that climate change will
From personal experience ... I know 'Iryna's hidden it.'
ge t much wo rse over the next couple of
myself that .... 'Iryna!' Polly calls up the stairs. The girl is
years.
Climate change is expected to get much a personal opinion supposed to be down by now.
worse over the next couple of years. Having looked at both sides I feel that 'Oh, damn and blast!' she says, trying to text
3 It is said that eating fish improves brain My personal view is that... On balance, Iryna at a traffic light. 'I wonder where she is?'
performance. I think Possible answer
Eating fish is said to improve brain Iryna could be Tania and Robbie's elder
performance. Review page 1 00
sister, Polly's sister or perhaps the family's
4 lt is thought that social networking has Use of English Part 4 : Transformations live-in au pair.
1 ade people more isolated.
Social networking is thought to have 1 we re given the/ our results by 3
made people more isolated. 2 should be given to a fish out b lash out c turn up
3 is cu rrently being questioned d draw up e cram into f burrow
5 It is believed that English and Spanish
4 have just been dropped off g surge h grind i flip j slumber
are easy languages to learn.
English and Spanish are believed to be 5 is not expected to make 4
easy languages to learn. 6 are known to be 18 28 3D 4C SA
6 lt is said that daily life is getting much 7 is th ought to be getting 6C 7B SA
faster for most of us. 8 is believed to have taken
Language focus: Conditionals page 1 04
Daily life is said to be getting much Vocabulary
fas ter for most of us. 1
went
1
b future simple (passive), p resent simple
Vo cabulary: The senses page 98 2 term
c would+ infinitive (without to), past simple
3 unforgettable
1 smell, hearing, taste, sight, touch d past perfect, would + have + past
4 cast
particip le (or would+ perfect infinitive
2 5 glanced
without to)
1 stared 2 overheard 3 suck 6 off
e past perfect, might not+ infinitive
4 stroked 5 sniff 6 yell 7 gazed 7 swallow
(without to)
8 rubbed 8 limelight
2
9 modest
Liste ning Part 3: 1d 2e 3c 4a Sb
10 p rese rve
Mu lt iple matching page 98 3
Language Focus
1 a you get good marks
10 2C 3A 4F 5E 1 The celebrity was photographed by b you get good marks
two members of the paprazzi as he was
4
leaving his house this morning.
a or b otherwise
2 The tablets should be taken with food.
 Answer Key

5 Quotations 2 Who and which can be rep laced by that

1 if we are/' re late The writer uses quotations to refer to in defining relative clauses, that is,
2 I'd hate it or ifl have to work the Morlocks ('queer little ape-like' and b (studies which suggest) and d (parents
3 would have walked 'bleached, obscene') and to the Eloi ('exquisite who have) but not families in which both
4 unless you study or if you don't study creatures'). He/ She also mentions the partners had: if a relative pronoun is
5 as long as you look after them ' Haves' and the 'Have-nots', labels used in preceded by a preposition, who, whom or
6 If we'd taken the novel. which can be used (as well as what and
6 whose) but not that.
2 did not/ didn't have, would/'d go Listening Part 2: 3 c: the relative pronoun can only be
3 will/ 'll make Sentence completion page 1 07 omitted in defining relative clauses,
4 had/'d known, would not/ wouldn't 1 Take it slowly and only if it refers to the object of the
have brought 2 check the time verb in the relative clause. In this case,
5 will/' ll change, shows 3 speed that refers to the word something, which
6 had/'d had, would not/ wouldn't be 4 enjoy life is the object of the verb do (...schools can
7 would/'d stay, were/ was 5 wear a watch do something. .. ). By contrast, in sentence
6 standing up b for example, which refers to the word
Vocabulary: Time page 1 OS
7 (eating) a meal studies, which is the subject of the verb
1a 8 fair suggest.
1to 2 on 3 in 9 fifty/ 50 4 e: which refers to the clause The
1b 10 traditional classrooms are lighter and more spacious.
1 minute 2 fast 3 left
Word formation: Nouns 2 page 1 07 5 what in sentence f.
Suggested meanings 1 2
a behaviour b advice c belief 2 Last Saturday, when she stayed at my
1 she is unable to put up with/ tolerate it
d thought e network house, Sally slept in the attic, which
any longer
2 my parents have converted into a
2 the time on her watch is always five guestroom.
minutes later than the correct time 2 sale 3 loss 4 flight 5 gift
6laughter 3 I got exactly what I wanted for my
3 there are only forty-eight seconds birthday - a new watch. It was the only
remain ing for them Additional material task page 135 thing which I really needed.
2a a 4 I don't see any reason why my parents
a from time to time b at all times 1 weight 2 height 3 heat won' t let me have a sleepover party for
c Time after time d at a time 4 response 5 timetable 6 knowledge my birthday.
e at the time f By the time 7 choice 8 proof 9 complaint(s) 5 Our head teacher, who is retiring at the
10 sight end of the year, has been at this school
3a
for over twenty years.
1 take 2 make 3 have 4 find Vocabulary: Sleep page 1 08 6 An equinox is one of two days during
5 set 6 spend/ waste 7 waste/ spend 1 get 2 lie, hits 3 getting the year on which night and day are of
8 pass
4 sleeping, had 5 fallen 6 overslept equal length.
Writing FCE Part 2: 7 There's a prize for anyone who can tell
Reading Part 2: Gapped text page 1 08
Set books page 1 06 me the name of the group whose first hit
3 record was ' Love me do'.
2
1F 2A 3C 4E 5G 8 I slept until half past nine this morning,
It covers many genres (science-fiction, 6B 7H D not used which is very unusual for me.
adventure, horror and suspense).
Language focus: 9 The only person who I really get on with
The story is well told, and the writing
Relative clauses page 11 0 at work is leaving next week. She's got a
interests the reader throughout.
job at The Grand Hotel, where her dad
The central themes are sti ll relevant today 1
works as a doorman.
(it is timeless). 1 Sentences a, e and g are non-defining
relative clauses. The information in 3
It offers the reader a great deal to think a The relative pronoun can be omitted
non-defining relative clauses is not
and talk abour. in:
essential to our understanding of who
3 or what is being written or spoken 3 It was the only thing I really needed.
Features of articles about in the main clause so commas are 4 I don ' t see any reason my parents won ' t
The first paragraph includes a direct used to separate the two clauses. let ...
question which catches the reader's 9 The on ly person I really get on with at
The other sentences are defining
attention. work ...
relative clauses: these clauses identifY,
There is a further question in paragraph or define, the person (eg parents in d) or b The relative pronoun can be replaced
two and the direct 'you ' in the final thing (eg studies in b) being talked about by 'that' in:
paragraph . and are essential for our understanding 3 It was the only thing that J really
The final paragraph includes an of the sentence. Commas are not used needed.
interesting observation which leaves the in defining relative clauses. 7 There's a prize for anyone that can tell
reader something to think abour. me ...
9 The only person that I really get on
with at work ...
Answer key

Writing Part 2: language focus 8 go for = choose

Informal letters page 111 1 fall for = be deceived/ tricked by, believe
2 2 If Rachel's dad hadn't given her a lift, something which is not true
Content: No. A brief general opening she wouldn't have got to the station
paragraph would be appropriate, but a on time. or Rachel wouldn't h ave got
large portion of the first paragraph is to the station on time if her dad hadn 't Unit 10 Changes
devoted to information which is irrelevant given her a lift.
Vocabulary and speaking: Age
to the question. 3 I wouldn't know so much about Slow
O rganisation: Yes, alth ough a list of Food if! hadn' t read an article about ir. Possible answers
numbered points, whilst acceptable, does or Ifi hadn' t read an article about Slow 1 toddler
nor enable the writer to use a range of Food, I wouldn ' t know so much about 2 adolescent, youngster, teenager
effective linking devices. In addition, the ir. 3 preteen
first paragraph, if it were relevant, would 4 Richard wouldn't have played footbal l
be better as two. last Saturday if the usual goalkeeper 4 newborn, in their twenties or past
hadn' t had flu. or If the usual thirty
Co esion: No. There is very little goalkeeper hadn't had fl u, Richard
evid ence of linkin g in this answer. The 5 elderly, retired, senior citizen, getting
wouldn' t have played football last on
first paragraph is a seq u en ce of sh ort Saturday.
sentences and this is followed by a list of 5 Ifi' d realized it was Jackie's birthday, I Listening Part 3:
imperatives. would have bought her a present. or I Multiple matching page 114
Range: Yes. There is some evidence of a would have bought Jackie a present if 2
range of structures and vocabulary: eg I'd realized it was her birthday. 1C 2F 3B 4A SO
[you're] looking forward to your holiday, 6 You wouldn ' t have wet feet if you'd 4
it mus r be [terrible] for you, If ir doesn' t worn the right kind of shoes. or If 1 through
work, you should go to rhe doctor's. There you'd worn the right kind of shoes, you 2 of
is, however, also some repetition (I'm wouldn't have wet feet. 3 of
going to, looking forward to, I'm sure, I 2 4 out
went), which could be avoided. 2 which seems quite early 5 to
Accuracy: Yes. The answer is sufficiently 3 who was going camping
accurate at FCE. There are some 4 which/that had been prescribed language focus:
spelling mistakes (see exercise 3), but no 5 whose working day Wish, if only and hope page 116
gram matical errors. 6 for which they're not qualified 2 2d could, 3c would, 4a past perfect
7 the reason why he decided 3 in sentence 1 it is unlikely that it will
Register: Yes. The letter is consistently
8 the cafe which/that is next to stop raining whereas in sentence 2 the
informal to neutral throughout.
9 when it snowed all day possibility is 50/ 50.
Fo rmat: No. Ir is nor clear thar rhis is
Vocabulary 4
a letter. The beginning and ending in
particular are not appropriate. 1 lay, get 2 good 3 lie-in 4 took 1 I wis h I could get or I got higher marks
5 most 6 all 7 after 8 at 9 fast
Target reader: Yes, possibly, although iris 2 We all wish it were/ was warmer today
10 set
no r clear for example how much exercise 3 I hope Jack wins his race
Robin should do or when he should do it, Phrasal verbs revision
4 If only I had asked you to help
what Helena means by 'too !are', or which 1
herbal infusions are recommended. 2 down 3 in 4 on S into 6 out 5 Clare wishes they would stop building
3 7 through 8 for 6 If only I didn' t get carsick
I'm really looking forward 2 5 Possible answers
You're probably looking forward 2 touch down = land 1 I wish I had/'d listened to my parents
it will be beautiful let down = disappoint when I was a teenager.
amce break 3 settle in = become familiar with (a new 2 I wish I were/ was old enough to take
you are finding ir difficult job, house, way oflife etc) my driving test.
I wou ld be very nervous 3 I wish I could come to your birthday
take in = deceive/ trick
Don't eat too !are celebration on Saturday.
I hope my advice is useful 4 go on= do something after finishing 4 I wish my parents would let me go
something else abroad with my friends this summer.
Review page 112
catch on = become popular 5 I wish I hadn' t been (so) horrible to my
Use of English Part 2: Open doze 5 talk into = persuade brother when I was younger.
1 each/every 2 to 3 few 6 I wish I didn't have to go to school
break into = enter a building by force,
4 rh 1sjrhar 5 if/ when/ whenever early for an exam tomorrow.
especially to steal things
6 n or 7 whar/ rhe 8 who/ rhar
6 leak out= become known Should have/Ought to have
9 are 10 which/ rhar 11 front
12 as wo rk out = calculate 1
7 talk through = discuss in detail I ough t to/should have asked you to help
me when I had that problem with my car
get through = survive yesterday.

174
 Answer Key

I ought to/ should have listened to my Language focus :

patents when I was a teenager. Causative passive with have page 1 23
I o ught not to/ sho uldn't have been 1
(so) horrible to my brother when I was have, past
yo unger 2
1 has checked
Use of English Part 1:
2 had redecorated
Multiple-choice doze page 117
3 have restyled
3 4 has serviced
1D 28 38 4A 58 5 has had whitened
6C 78 SA 9C 10 D
11 A 12 D Review page 124

Listening Part 1: Use of English Part 4: Transformations

Multiple choice doze page 118 1
1 1 wish they had not/ hadn' t go t
18 2A 3C 4C SA 2 should not/' nt have stopped taking
6C 7B SA 3 wish Gary would
4 o nly we could afford
Writing Part 1 : Email page 119 5 wish I did not/ didn't have
1 6 had h er hair done by
a formal style 7 have his/ the operation performed
2 S had our planning application rejected
2 Thank you very much Vocabulary
3 very kind a
4 Regarding 1 bouquet 2 preteen 3 symptom
5 of interest
4 groo m 5 toddler
6 Perhaps you could also tell us a little
7 could find time b
S would be very grateful. 1 of 2 up 3 for 4 through
9 Nothing else has been arranged so 5 of 6 o ut
far Use of English Part 3: Word formation
10 would like 1
11 I look forward to meeting yo u 1 unlikely 2 importance
12 Yours sincerely 3 celebration 4 comical 5 creations
Vocabulary: Relationships page 120 6 relatively 7 complaints
S surprisingly 9 pride 10 intention
1
1 for up on
2 out out up back
3 out on up up for
Reading Part 3 :
Multiple matching page 120
1
1 attended 2 bride 3 groom
4 reception 5 vicar 6 best man
7 speeches S bouquet 9 bridesmaid
10 married
3
1B 2E 3A 48/ C 5 C/ B
6C 7D SA 9C 10 E
11 A/ E 12 E/ A 13 B 14 E 15 B
Listening Part 4:
Multiple choice page 122
4
1C 2B 3A 4C SB
6C 7B
Vocabulary: Health page 1 23
1
1 passed out, pain 2 side-effects
3 therapy 4 sick 5 symptoms
6 operations 7 illness S cure
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176