Unit 5:
The most unusual accommodation I can think of was when I stayed on a Venezuelan traditional 1……….
2………. for a survey I was doing. I lived on that boat with the rest of the fishermen for 3………. days. The
'beds' were tiny, like, I was basically sleeping on a wooden board with a thin mat, 4………. centimetres
wide! It was more uncomfortable than sleeping on the floor, particularly when the 5………. was bad! It
was one of the 6………. sleeping experiences of my life! To save fresh water, we were showering, 7……….
our teeth and shaving with cold 8………. water. I was just 9………. all the time! The hot shower in the
hotel at the end of the mission was the 10……….! Another memorable experience I remember was in
Indonesia. I visited 11………. of my friends, who was a teacher at the time in a 12………. village in the
countryside. After a long journey, we arrived in this village. There was 13………. hotel so they prepared a
room for us at the house of a 14………. farmer. It was a simple house -very basic. They spent a long time
15………. the room prettier, with a lamp and a mosquito net, etc., 16………. was really kind. The bed was
a mattress on the floor, but the funny thing was the 17………. and pillows had huge red and pink flowers
18………. all over them. I slept really well, 19………., and it was definitely more 20………. than staying in a
hotel. One of the most memorable places I've stayed was in Luzern, Switzerland. We were on a 21……….
holiday with my grandmother. It was winter in Switzerland, which is much, much colder than the
22………. Phillipines, so we packed all the warm clothes that we had. When we got there, it was 23……….
and we had to walk uphill through snow to our 24………. . But it was worth it. The views from the
enormous windows were 25………. ! My grandmother stayed in the hostel for the 26………. of our trip
because she didn't want to 27………. that hill again! In terms of work, I have slept in all sorts of places: in
28………. , and hammocks, and had some awful nights on bus seats and chairs and 29………. up lots of
times with insect bites! Of all of these, the best 30………. are the times that I get to sleep in the homes
of 31………. . It’s much nicer to stay with friends 32………. in a hot tent or on a cold 33………. ! Their
homes are often less comfortable than a 34………. – I usually sleep on the floor – but they are the
35………. places to stay and the ones I like the most!
Being a guest in someone's house can be a fun (1) ………………..., but it can be stressful too. Everyone is
different. Some (2) ………………... might like to make you feel special by cleaning the house before you (3)
………………... there. They might make you a cup of coffee or cook dinner for you when you (4)
……………….... Other hosts might want you to (5) ………………... yourself more. Some might want you to help
them (6) ………………... meals or wash the dishes after dinner. Other hosts might want to take (7)
………………... of you and might not want you to help. When you stay at (8) ………………... house, it's a good
idea to talk to your host and find out what they might want you to do or not want you to do. If you're not
sure, ask them.
Think about how your host might (9) ………………... or what they might want to do. For example, if your
host hasn't (10) ………………... you for a long time, they might want to talk until (11) ………………..., but, if
they have to get up early, they'll probably want to get to bed. The (12) ………………... thing to do is to ask
them. If we can try to (13) ………………... to how they do things, we can keep them happy.
When we stay with others, we can learn (14) ………………... ways of doing things. If you usually get up late,
but your host (15) ………………... to get up early, see this as an opportunity to try doing things differently.
Sometimes in life, it might not be (16) ………………... for you to adapt, but the important thing is to talk
about it with the other (17) ………………... and to show that you want to try to be flexible. Talking about it
(18) ………………... them to adapt to you too. Remember that the (19) ………………... to be flexible with
others can be helpful in many different (20) ………………..., not just when staying at someone else’s house.
UNIT 6A-B:
1. They wanted to hike a trail in Peru.
Listen to the dialogue and complete the missing words or phrases.
Interviewer: So, have you ever had a bad travel experience?
Salome: Well, I haven't had any terrible travel (1)…………………, but I've had some pretty difficult ones.
Interviewer: What's the worst journey you've ever had then?
Salome: When I went backpacking with friends in Peru, we (2) …………………, used a really old guidebook
which recommended an amazing six-day trail in the Andes, so we (3) ………………… a long bus ride down to
the town where the trail started, but when we got there, we learned it hasn't been (4) ………………… to do
this trail for almost 20 years!
Interviewer: Oh, so what did you do?
Salome: Well, we got a new (5) ………………… and chose an alternative hiking trail, which was the closest
we could find. Locals advised us to take a bus back to the capital Lima and then take (6) ………………… bus
to the town where the trail starts. But Lima was an eight-hour ride in the opposite (7) ………………… and
the new trail looked like it was not so far from where we were. So... instead of listening to the (8)
…………………, we decided to take small rural buses from town to town directly across the Andes to get
there. Big mistake! The Andes is a huge mountain ridge with the (9) ……………… and roughest mountain
roads I've ever been on.
Interviewer: Ah! So, what happened?!
Salome: I don't know how many buses we took overall, but every bus was old and (10) ………………… with
people and things. In one bus I sat next to someone with live chickens in a sack. Each of these bus rides
were (11) ………………… to eight hours long, I mean, it took almost two days to get to our destination.
Interviewer: Oh no! How long was it the other way?
Salome: Well, in the end it was a whole (12) ………………… day of travelling. Also, when we finally arrived,
we really needed to rest after our crazy (13) ………………… as our backs were sore, so we lost another day.
And the worst thing was that one of my friends lost her backpack on the journey.
Interviewer: Wow! That sounds (14) …………………!
Salome: Yeah, it was stressful. But it was also one of the most (15) ………………… adventures I've ever had.
Apart from the lost backpack and the scary roads! It was really interesting to travel with the locals who
live in these (16) ………………… mountain communities and see their way of life. Oh, and the scenery was
spectacular!
Interview: Has it (17) ………………… the way you do things when you travel?
Salome: Well, since that journey, I've never (18) ………………… without a NEW guidebook and I always
listen to the advice of the locals!
Interviewer: Yeah, that makes sense...
6C. Listen and fill in the missing words in the blanks.
Hi, I'm Tim Dee. Thanks for coming to hear me talk about my new book, Greenery, which is about the
spring in (1) …………….. and about the birds that come to Europe every spring after spending winter in
Africa. I've been a (2) …………….. for most of my life and always love seeing the swallows arrive in spring.
Long ago people (3) …………….. that swallows came to Europe in the springtime and left in the autumn,
but no one knew (4) …………….. they went. Some people thought they flew to the moon, or went
underwater for the winter. The truth is almost as (5) ……………... Every swallow hatched from an egg in
Europe flies south into (6) …………….. for winter. The same birds return on similar journeys north the
following spring to (7) …………….. food, good weather and to start a family. They fly over (8) …………….. km
every day and feed on flies as they go. Some swallows manage to fly 10,000 km (9) …………….. South
Africa all the way to northern Scandinavia.
I wanted to follow the swallows in my book from my new (10) …………….. in South Africa to my old home
in England - and on, to Norway.
Human travel might be (11) …………….. easier than flying is for a bird, but it is more complicated and less
enjoyable. Tickets are (12) …………….. and we have to get to an airport and carry heavy bags, but birds
don't need (13) ……………..! Does anyone enjoy checking in and queuing to go through security... and then
spending (14) …………….. sitting in a tiny little seat with only airline food to eat?
And while humans need clocks and timetables, the swallows just know when to leave their winter home.
Swallow time is the right time for them. However, (15) …………….. change is making spring come earlier in
Europe and swallows keep arriving from Africa earlier than before.
Birds don't (16) …………….. to take a passport either. Swallows are always at home - and their homes are
anywhere they feel like landing. I always like the (17) …………….. that South Africans think of swallows as
South African birds and British people think of them as British, but they are birds of the world. They
don't care about (18) …………….. and borders.
That's actually what I found the most incredible about swallows. They don't need to (19) …………….. for
directions or use GPS, they just know the way. Baby birds often go the (20) …………….. way the first time
they fly, but if they live through their first winter, they'll know where to go the next year. To begin with,
they just know they have to go south.
I really miss seeing the swallows when they leave and look forward to them coming back...
UNIT 6D
Listen and fill in the blanks.
When you are travelling or living abroad, you may talk in English to people from many different
countries. They might (1) …………………………… words in different ways. They might speak very quickly ……
or they might speak very slowly.
Remember that English is a (2) …………………………… language. Everyone speaks it differently. In fact, eighty
per cent of English speakers did not grow up in an English-speaking (3) ……………………………. Some people
might speak less English than you.
Do you remember when you didn't understand (4) …………………………… English? You can help by speaking
more slowly and (5) …………………………… simpler words.
You may also need to ask people to repeat or say things in a (6) …………………………… way. That's OK.
Remember the way you pronounce words might not be easy for people with different (7)
…………………………… to understand. This happens even for people who have (8) …………………………… English
since they were children.
For example, Helen, who's British, went to the US and ordered ‘water' in a café.
But the (9) …………………………… didn't understand because of the way Helen pronounced it. In the US, this
is 'water'. When you don't understand someone, or (10) …………………………… doesn't understand you, it
can be helpful to take a deep breath and think about why you're not understanding (11)
…………………………… other and what you can do to change that. Maybe you could (12) ……………………………
your hands to show what you mean or repeat it and explain what it is. You could even (13)
…………………………… it down. So, here are some top tips for helping other people understand you: first, ask
(14) …………………………… why you are having a problem and try to find another way to (15)
…………………………… what you want to say. Try to speak clearly and at a (16) …………………………… speed, and
be ready to repeat or say things using different words. There are lots of ways to communicate to help
(17) …………………………… understand you.
UNIT 7C:
Marjan: Hi, Musa. How are you?
Musa: I'm annoyed. I just cycled along the river and I saw so much (1) …………………. People just throw
things away without thinking. Crisp packets, plastic bottles, (2) ………………… bags everywhere!
Marjan: I know. It makes me sad. There didn't use to be so much plastic (3) ………………… in the river. It
was so beautiful but now it's a mess.
Musa: I wish I could change it, but nobody (4) ………………… about the environment!
Marjan: You can change it! I saw this inspiring story about the beach in Mumbai, (5) …………………. It used
to be full of rubbish ….. plastic bags, bottles, cups, toothbrushes... everywhere. Then this (6) …………………
lawyer, Afroz Shah, decided he was going to clean it up. He just went out with his (7) ………………… one
day, then more people joined him. In the end 1,000 people volunteered! Politicians, (8) …………………
actors and actresses... schoolchildren.
Musa: Wow! That's incredible.
Marjan: Let me find a photo on my phone ... look, turtles are (9) ………………… eggs there now! All
because one man started picking up some rubbish one day.
Musa: Wow! That is amazing! What a difference!
Marjan: We could do that!?
Musa: Hmmm. But why don't people take (10) ………………… for their own rubbish? They should just
respect the environment and put things in the bins!
Marjan: Yes! I totally agree.
Musa: People should also (11) ………………… how much plastic rubbish they create. I used to use plastic
toothbrushes but I buy wooden ones now. And I reuse my water bottle and take a bag with me (12)
………………….
Marjan: Me too. I used to buy so many shower gel bottles but I changed to a (13) ………………… of soap.
Musa: But we still need to do something with all the plastic we've used and thrown away. I read an (14)
………………… the other day that said we don't recycle 91% of all plastic!
Marjan: 91%! That means we only recycle 9% of our plastic! But I think more (15) ………………… are selling
things made from recycled plastic.
Musa: Yeah, true! Actually, my shoes are (16) ………………… from plastic bottles. Do you like them?
Marjan: Ooh. Yes! They're cool.
Musa: So, anyway, that story about Mumbai beach has got me (17) …………………, we really need to do
something... do you want to clean up the path along the river with me? Maybe on Saturday? We can (18)
………………… a few other people too.
Marjan: Good idea. I'll ask my friends at work. They (19) ………………… along that path every day.
Musa: Excellent! Thanks for telling me that inspiring story!
Marjan: Yes, well it (20) ………………… me too! Thanks for changing the world with me!
Musa: Ha! I'm not Afroz Shah!
Marjan: Yet...
UNIT 7D
In general, people like others to use their ideas or do things their way, but some people are (1) …………….
at persuading people than others.
Think about the last time you (2) ……………. for dinner. Did you persuade someone to go to the restaurant
you wanted or did you (3) ……………. with someone else's plan?
People use lots of different ways to persuade others. You might (4) ……………. someone does what you
would like. For example, maybe you want to go to a concert, but your friend (5) ……………. to go for a
walk. You tell them your ideas are the best. You might even argue with them until they (6) ……………. you
are correct.
You can also reason with people. You tell the other person (7) ……………. you think it's the best option and
use facts to make the other person agree.
Or you can (8) ……………. how to do something that's good for both of you. If your friend wants to go for a
walk and you want to go to a concert, you might talk (9) ……………. it and agree that you'll walk to the
concert so that you both get what you want.
Or you can (10) ……………. with someone - show you understand what's important to them, so they might
agree to do what you are suggesting. For example, you might (11) ……………. going to hear some music
you know the other person is interested in to show you know what they like.
You can (12) ……………. try to inspire someone. You might tell a story that encourages someone to try
something. Maybe you sound so (13) ……………. when you describe what the reviews are saying about the
band that you make the other person want to go to the (14) ……………. too.
The way we choose to persuade someone depends (15) ……………. the situation, who we're talking to and
where you are. What is OK in one place (16) ……………. not be in another.
Sometimes you may use more than one technique. If you (17) ……………. a friend to come to a karate class
with you, first you might talk about it over coffee, see what they think about the (18) …………….,tell them
all the reasons it would be good for both of you or even show them some video clips of (19) …………….
enjoying karate.
If the other techniques don't work, you might try to insist. Don't push too (20) ……………. though. If
someone doesn't want to do something you can always ask another friend.
8C
I. Listen and fill in the blank.
Interviewer: Today, we have Anne Jungblut, a research scientist, with us. Hi, Anne, can you tell us what
you like about your job?
Anne: Well, the Natural History Museum is a really (1) ………………………… place to work because we have
all the exhibitions and we also do research and teaching. One of the things I love most is (2)
………………………… new things, like things we didn't know before. That's cool. And I get to travel to
amazing places. I've just got back from a (3) ………………………… to the Arctic. Every day is different.
Interviewer: Sounds amazing! What did you do before you worked at the (4) ………………………… History
Museum?
Anne: Well, I've worked here since 2010, but before that I did some (5) ………………………… at universities
in Canada, Australia and Germany. After high school I studied (6) …………………………, you know, the
science of plants and living things, in Germany. Then I did (7) ………………………… year in Australia to
improve my English, then worked as a researcher in (8) …………………………. When I was at university in
Germany, I once worked as an admin (9) ………………………… during the holidays. But more often I tried to
get jobs as a research assistant at the (10) ………………………… to learn something new.
Interviewer: What was your dream job when you were a child?
Anne: When I was a child, I (11) ………………………… to be an Egyptologist, you know, someone who studies
ancient Egypt. When I was in high school, when I was like 12, 13, 14, before I got into (12)
…………………………, I was super-interested in Egypt- it's thousands of years of (13) …………………………! My
mum took me to an exhibition about Egypt at a museum and I just loved it. I had a pencil case with an
Egyptian mummy and I (14) ………………………… how to write in hieroglyphs - you know, the ancient
Egyptian symbols?
Interviewer: The ones that look like drawings?
Anne: Yes. That's them!
Interviewer: Are you still interested in (15) …………………………?
Anne: I think that was more when I was little, but I still find it very interesting to find out and learn about
(16) ………………………… history. I always love going to the museums when I'm travelling. I'd also (17)
………………………… like to visit Egypt. I haven't been there yet!
Interviewer: What is your dream job now?
Anne: Well, I've already got my dream job, but it would also be amazing to be an (18) ………………………….
It's the ultimate job of finding out and exploring new things.
Interviewer: Ha, yes. It would be (19) …………………………, wouldn't it? Though I think I am happier with
both feet on the ground! Well, thanks for (20) ………………………… to us.
8D
I. Listen and fill in the blank.
Job interviews can be different for different jobs and in different countries. It's a good idea to do some
research on the (1) ………… that's interviewing you. However, one thing is the same for all jobs all over
the world. Interviewers like (2) ………… people!
For some people, one of the hardest things to do is to “sell yourself” - that is to talk about how (3)
………… you are. The interviewer might ask 'What makes you the perfect person for this job?' and you
might think 'I'm probably not the (4) ………… person!' But you need to be able to tell the interviewer, with
(5) …………, why you would be good for their company. One of the best (6) ………… to do this is to be
prepared.
Look online for some example interview questions and (7) ………… answers to each question. You can also
make notes of things you've done well that you can talk about. Once you know (8) ………… you want to
say, practise with someone else, or talk to yourself in the mirror.
And try to keep a positive attitude. Even if you're feeling (9) …………, it's good to act confident. Before you
go into the interview, think about all your good (10) …………, the times you've been successful - all the
times you've helped someone, did well in an exam or solved a (11) ………….
But how do you stay positive when they ask you about skills and experience that you think you don't
have? They might ask you ‘What (12) ………… skills do you have?’ and you might think 'I don't have any
management skills!' Well, don't say 'I don't have any management skills. Be (13) …………. Talk about the
skills you have that will help you manage a team. If you organized an event or (14) ………… someone how
to do something, you could use these as examples. You could also tell them that you're learning (15)
………… things or looking for ways of improving.
And finally remember these tips. Dress well, but wear something (16) ………… so that you look good and
feel good.
Before you go in, take some time to sit (17) ………… and breathe.
During the interview, if you need time to think of an answer, give yourself (18) ………… by saying 'Oh,
that's a good question, let me think about it for a minute' or asking if you can return to the (19) …………
later.
And remember, if you sound confident and positive, your (20) ………… is likely to see you as confident and
positive too!
9D
Vlad often finds it difficult to say 'no'. He wants to (1) ……………. everyone happy, so sometimes he says
'yes' to things that he doesn't have time to do.
For example, when Suki (2) ……………. him to help her move house on Saturday, he said 'yes' although he
has many other things he needs to do. He said 'yes' (3) ……………. he doesn't want to feel bad. He wants
to be helpful and he wants Suki to think that he's a (4) ……………. person.
But it's OK to say 'no'! It would actually be better for Vlad to say 'no' when Suki asked him than for him to
feel (5) ……………. and have to cancel at the last minute.
In fact, if Vlad keeps on saying 'yes' and then has to (6) ……………., or if he keeps doing jobs badly because
he doesn't have enough time, people may (7) ……………. to think that he isn't reliable. Saying ‘no’ at the
beginning can help him to keep their trust.
Occasionally, Vlad isn't (8) ……………. whether to say 'yes' or 'no'. In these situations, he could ask for
more time to decide. It can be very (9) ……………. to give an answer as soon as someone asks, but
sometimes it's a good (10) ……………. to take time and think it over.
And when Vlad needs to say 'no', he could give a (11) ……………. for this. He might explain to Suki that he
wants to help, but he's just too (12) …………….. If Suki sees that he's thought about the situation in detail
and he has reasons for saying 'no', she might (13) ……………. him more. When you say no and explain why,
it can be a good idea to choose your (14) ……………. carefully. Some reasons could look like excuses.
It's important to give a reason that is (15) ……………. for the situation. You'll give different reasons when
saying no to your family than you would to people at work.
Sometimes, when you (16) ……………. help someone, you may be able to suggest a different solution.
It's important to be (17) ……………. to say no when you need to. Remember, it's OK to take your time to
(18) ……………. if you can help someone. If you can't help, you don't have to give a (19) ……………., but it
can be helpful and it will help the other person understand. And make sure you (20) ……………. the right
reasons for the situation.
10D
Humans are social. Most people like being with other people and want other people to like them. Having
strong relationships with (1) ……………. can make us happier and more confident. And good relationships
can open opportunities.
But (2) ……………. are like flowers: they need care and attention to grow and stay strong. Here are four (3)
……………. you can do to give your relationships care and attention.
First, if you value someone, share how you (4) ……………. about them as this may not always be clear to
people, especially if you don't see them often. You can tell them (5) ……………. you like about them, that
you've missed them or that you enjoy spending time with them. This shows the other person that they
are (6) ……………. to you.
Second, it can be difficult to find time for relationships when we are busy, but it's important to keep up
(7) ……………. to keep a relationship strong.
It's a good idea to create opportunities for shared experiences. There are many (8) ……………. to do this,
such as spending time with them or, if you can't meet, picking up the phone or (9) ……………. with them
on a video call. Third, when your friends have a problem, show understanding so that they know you
care about (10) ……………. they feel; spend time finding out how they would like you to treat them.
Remember that it might be different from what you want in a (11) …………….. It's important to listen to
your friends, be there when they need you and show them how much you (12) ……………. them.
And finally, if they do nice things for you, make sure you find a (13) ……………. to say thanks. Sometimes
it's enough to just say thank you to someone; at other times you might (14) ……………. them a note, or do
something kind in return, to show you are grateful.
If you want your relationships to (15) ……………. and get stronger, it's important to give them care and
attention to show people that you (16) ……………. them.
