JOINT UNIVERSITIES PRELIMINARY EXAMINATIONS BOARD AUGUST 2022 EXAMINATIONS OPTION - B131 BIOLOGY Time Allowed: 3 hours SECTION A: MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS Answer ALL questions in this section. Use the OMR answer sheet provided to answer the questions. Write and shade on your OMR Sheet the OPTION written on your question paper. Follow the instructions on the OMR sheet. SECTION B: ESSAY QUESTIONS Answer FOUR Questions in ALL; ONE Question from cach Course. Ensure you read and follow all the Instructions on the cover page of the Answer Booklet. EE JUPEB/003E/ SCI-I152 Turn OverSECTION A: MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS. Answer ALL Questions. 1. Microorganisms that cause diseases are known as A. disease-microbes, B. septic microbes. C. pathogens. D. parasites, 2, The marine bacterium, Pyrodictium, which has an optimal temperature of 105°C for metabolism is called A. Psychrophile, B. Thermophile, C. Psychrotroph. D. Mesophile. 3. The pigments phycocyanin and phycoerythrin are usually found among the algal group called A. Chlorophyta, B. — Chrysophyta, C. Phacophyta, D. Rhodophyta, 4. Which of the following is a viral disease? A. Cholera, B. Typhoid fever. C. Measles. D. Tetanus. 5. The organelle responsible for the breakdown of old organelles and the digestion of bacteria is ‘A. lysosome, B, ribosome. C.mucfeus, D. mitochondria.Use the diagram below to answer questions 6 and 7... HK ii iii Y) " 6. The part labelled ii is called A. region of maturation. B. _ region of elongation. C. region of cell division. D. root cap. 7. Which of the parts contain dense mass of protoplasm? A i B. Cc. ii D. 8. Snapdragon plant hes three genotypes: RR; rr and Rr. What is responsible for a situation where these genotypes produce three distinct phenotypes? A. Polygenic inheritance. B. Multiples alleles. C. Incomplete dominance, D, Complete dominance,10. lL. 12. 13. Which of these could be the reason why water is continuously transported to the leaves from the roots through the xylem vessels? ci ‘A. Increase in water potential inthe leaves and less solute in the leaves, B, Increase in solute potential inthe root and low water potential inthe root, C, High solute potential inthe leaves and high water potential in the root. D. Low solute potential in the leaves and low water potential in the root. Which of these modified leaves is for defense purpose? A. Phyllodes. B. Leaf tendrils. C. Leaf seales. D. Leaf spines, Ovary, style and the stigma of a flower are found in the A. gynoecium. B. — androecium, C. calyx. D. corolla. The type of flowers that attach singly to either leaf axis or tip of branches are regarded as. A. _ inflorescence, B. solitary flower, C. imperfect flower. D. complete flower. A flower that is usually large and conspicuous can generally be pollinated by A. — insects. B. wind. C. rodents. D. water.13. 14, 15, 16. 7. The pigments phycocyanin and phycoerythrin are usually found among the algal group called A B. c D. Which of these is inversely proportional to action of auxin? AL B, c. D. Vegetative propagation using natural methods includes the following EXCEPT. A B. c. D, A vegetable seller will use one of these hormones to maintain the green colour of vegetables. AL B c D. The aspect of Zoology that deals with the behaviour of animals is known as A B c D, The middle layer of the body wall in a diploblastic animal is termed A pos Chlorophyta, Chrysophyta, Phaeophyta, Rhodophyta Cytokinins, Gibberellins. Abscisic acid. Ethylene. Com. Bulb. Rhizome. Budding. Abscisic acid, Cytokinins. Auxin, Gibberellins. Behavioural science. Ethology. Malacology, Herpetology. mesoderm, ectoderm. mesoglea. endoderm.19, 20. 2. 22. 23. 24, Birds and bats are both flying animals of different classes due to A. divergent evolutionary adaptive features. B, _ convergent evolutionary adaptive features. C. parallel evolutionary adaptive features. D. unification of features. ‘The process by which an organism survives in its environment is known as A. — evolution. B. adaptation. C. ecology. D. _ aestivation, Which of the following is NOT a means of malaria control? A. Control the population and reproduction of mosquito. B. Control the reproduction of Plasmodium sp in the human, C. Remove stagnant water around human habitat, D. Eating balanced diet and improving immune system of individual, The longest, heaviest and strongest bone in the human body is the A. Humerus. Tibia, Skull. Femur. pop Which of these hormones is responsible for water reabsorption in mammalian kidney? A. Oxytocin. B. Vasopressin. C. Somatotropin. D. Prolactin. ‘Which of the following is a viral disease? A. Cholera. B. Measles. C. Typhoid fever. D, Tetanus.23. 25. 26, 27. A vegetable seller will use one of these hormones to maintain the green colour of vegetables. A. Cytokinins. B. Abscisic acid. Cc. Auxin, D. —Gibberellins, The aspect of Zoology that deals with the behaviour of animals is known as A, Behavioural science, B. Malacology. C. Herpetology. D. Ethology. ‘The middle layer of the body wall in a diplobiastic animal is termed A. — ectoderm. B. mesoglea, C. endoderm. D. mesoderm, Birds and bats are both flying animais of different classes due to A. divergent evolutionary adaptive features. parallel evolutionary adaptive features. unification of features, pap convergent evolutionary adaptive features, ‘The process by which an organism survives in its environment is known as ‘A. evolution. B. ecology. C. adaptation. D, _aestivation.28. 29. 30. 31. 32. Down’s syndrome is as a réstilt of ¢tiromosomal abnormalities which results in an individual with additional chromosome number of A 13 B 8 Cc 12 D. 21 Protists and bacteria are grouped into different domains because A. bacteria are not made of cells. B. __protists eat bacteria. C. _ protists have a membrane-bounded nucleus, which bacterial cells lack. D. bacteria decompose protists. The term viviparity means A. ability of animals to give birth to young ones alive. B. ability to lay eggs. C. ability of animals to derive food from plant. D. ability for parental care. ‘The organism that has a hydrostatic skeleton is A. Tilapia. B. Lumbricus. C. Hydra, D. — Planaria, AA feature that makes locomotion easy for fish is A. scaly body. B. streamlined body, ©. slimy body. D. lateral fine, | |3. Select the correct option that indicates the characteristics of prokaryotic cell. OPTION] DNA ENDOPLASMIC | PLASMID | RIBOSOMAL STRUCTURE RETICULUM SIZE A Circular ‘Absent Present | Small B. Circular Present ‘Absent | Large Cc. ‘Linear ‘Absent Present Small D. Linear ‘Present ‘Absent | Large 34, A ten-year old boy was taken to an optician ‘based on his complaint, the optician could only 36, suggest the use of Vitamin A. The boy is probably suffering from which of the following? A. Myopia, B. Hypermetropia. C. Nyctalopia. D. Astigmatism. Which polysaccharides are branched and which are unbranched? Select the correct option. OPTION BRANCHED UNBRANCHED A ‘Amylopectin Cellulose B. Amylose Cellulose c. Cellulose Amylose D. Cellulose [amylopectin Immediately sfier which stage in mitosis in an animal cell does the cytoplasm start to divide? A. Anaphwse. B. Telophuse. C. Metaptase. D. Prophae.37. 38. 39. 41. Which of the following is NOT a means of malaria control? A. Control the population and reproduction of mosquito, B. Control the reproduction of Plasmodium sp in the human. C. Remove stagnant water around human habitat, D. Eating balanced diet and improving immune system of individual, The longest, heaviest and strongest bone in the human body is the A. Humerus. B. Tibia C. Skull D. Femur. Which of these hormones is responsible for water reabsorption in mammalian kidney? A. Oxytocin. B. Somatotropin C. Vasopressin. D. Prolactin, Which of the following is NOT a feature common to most animals? A. Asexual reproduction. B, Development into a fixed body plan. C. Specialized tissues, D. . Heterotrophic nutrient sourcing. Which of these listed fishes is a member of the subclass Osteichthyes? A. Tilapia. B. Skate, C. Shark. D. Ray. 1042. 4B. 44, 45. 46. ‘An example of acellular microorganism is A. B. c D bacterium, fungus. archaea. virus. ‘The process in which bacterial DNA is moved from one bacterium to another by a bacteriophage is referred to as A. transformation. B. conjugation, transportation. D. transduction, ‘The gaps in the sheath between successive Schwann cells are referred to as A B. c D. Myelin sheath, Axons. Node of Ranvier. Dendrites. A fertilized matured ovary in plant is referred to as A. B. c. D. leaf. fruit, root. _ stem, People with sickle cell anaemia have haemoglobin A B. c. D. A and are heterozygous recessive. S and are heterozygous recessive, S and are homozygous recessive. A and are homozygous recessive. a | | |41. 49, 50. Each of the following events takes place during mitosis: 1. Tl. li. VV. v. Centromeres divide? ** Chromatids move to opposite poles of the cell Chromosomes line up along the equator of the spindle Chromosomes uncoil ‘Two sister chromatids are joined by a centromere. In which order does the events take place? AW 1—>l — V— vV dd B. 1I——+| ——> ll——+ lv V Cc WV I I ra D. V——+illI—+ 1+ 11 —>v Centromere is important for A. replication of DNA. B, _ movement of chromosomes towards the pole. C. cytoplasmic cleavage. D. mis-segregation of chromosome. One of the following is correct about the use of a barometer. A. B. CE D. To determine atmospheric pressure. To measure relative humidity. To measure transparency and light absorption on land, To measute the slope of an area of land. Which of the following is NOT a method of population studies? A B, c D. Capture and label method. Quadrat sampling method. ‘Transect sampling method. Capture and recapture method.SECTION B: ESSAY QUESTIONS . wre mdthen. 3 Answer FOUR Questions in ALL; ONE Question from each Course: BIO 001: GENERAL BIOLOGY L @ ) © ) Define the following: i, Genes ii, Alleles iii, Homozygous organism iv, Heterozygous organism v. Dominant allele vi. Recessive allele Test cross Sex-linked genes ix. Rhesus x. Albinism. [5 Marks} The following set of data represents the lengths in millimeters of 20 maize fruits harvested and measured by students during a biology practical session. Study the data carefully and use it to answer the following questions ‘Length (mam) of Maize fruits 100 120 125 140) 140 110 100 150 140 130 135 125 140 120 130 120 130 155 140 150 Arrange the set of data from lowest to highest values. Calculate the i Mean fi, Median. iti, Mode—_iv. Range 14 Marks} Define genetic variation, [1 Mariq A recent ecological study in a community, put the mass of organisms founid as follow: Rats 2000g/m*, Man 600 g/m?, Yam 4000 g/m?, Locust 3500 g/m’, Represent this information using a pyramid of Biomass, [4 Marks] What is trophic level of each organism? [2 Marks} 2B |(0) Ibis said that only about 10% of the energy in one trophic level is transferred to the next trophic level in an ecosystem. In a certain ecosystem, the grass contained 6000Kg worth of energy with varying quantities in grasshopper, Man, Lizard and Bird. Use the above information to construct a pyramid of energy. [4 Marks] BIO 002: MICROBIOLOGY 3. (@)_ Distinguish between Natural Active Immunity and Artificial Active Immunity. [2 Marks} (b) Describe the process of binary fission in prokaryotic cells. [2 Marks} (©) Define and provide example of cases of pandemic and epidemic diseases. [3 Marks] (@) Outline the steps of the Koch’s postulate and state how it can be applied in medical microbiology. [3 Marks] | 4, (@ _Usinga table, outline THREE differences between primary immune response and secondary immune response (3 Marks] (b) List FOUR differences between bacteriophage und bacteria. [4 Marks} (©) Copy and complete the table below Nutritional Type Energy | Electron [Carbon | Source _| Source Source Photolithoautotrophs Chemoorganoheterotrophs (3 Marks] BIO 003: BOTANY 5. @)_ Write briefly TWO points on each of the following plant hormones: i, Gibberettins [1 Mark] ii, Auxin {1 Mark] fii, Cytokinin {1 Mark} [1 Mark] iv. Ethylene 146. ®) (©) @ ) © Outline the steps involved in the development of the pollen grains in angiosperms. State the function of each of the following plant tissues. = Xylem = Phloem ~ Sclerenchyma ~ Chlorenchyma Define fertilization. Differentiate between seeds and fruits of plants in a tebular form. Deseribe the process of fertilization in plants. BIO 004: INTRODUCTORY ZOOLOGY 7. @ ) © @ ® (3) @ Give SIX characteristics of the sub-kingdom protozoa. Complete the table below by showing ONE example of each class of protozoa. [4 Marks} [2 Marks} [1 Marky (4 Marks} [5 Marks] (3 Marks] Groups Free living examples | Parasitic forms examples Sarcodina Mastigophora (Flageliates) Ciliophora: Ciliates) ‘Apicomplexa (sporozoans) Differentiate between Paramecium and Amoeba. List FOUR reasons why transport is necessary in animals, Itemize SIX functions of blood. Differentiate between arteries and veins. List FOUR functions of the skeleton, [4 Marks] [3 Marks] [2 Marks} [3 Marks} [3 Marks} [2 Marks}