INTERNATIONAL ISO

STANDARD 2060
Second edition
1994-12-01

Textiles - Yarn from packages -

Determination of linear density (mass per
unit length) by the skein method
iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW
(standards.iteh.ai)
Textiles - Fils sur enroulements - Determination de Ia masse
(masse par unitb de longueur) par Ia methode de Ikcheveau
linkque

ISO 2060:1994
https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/cf843ce7-6425-428c-af1a-
9e084e724136/iso-2060-1994

Reference number
ISO 2060:1994(E)
ISO 2060: 1994(E)

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide
federation of national Standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work
of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Esch member body interested in a subject for
which a technical committee has been established has the right to be
represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental
and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO
collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission
(IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.

Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are

circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International
iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW
Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting
a vote.

International Standard ISO 2060

(standards.iteh.ai)
was prepared by Technical Committee
lSO/TC 38, Textiles, Subcommittee SC 5, Yarn testing.
ISO 2060:1994
This second edition cancels andhttps://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/cf843ce7-6425-428c-af1a-
replaces the first edition ISO 2060:1972,
which has been technically revised. 9e084e724136/iso-2060-1994
Annexes A and B form an integral patt of this International Standard. An-
nexes C, D and E are for information only.

0 ISO 1994
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced
or utilized in any form or by any means, electronie or mechanical, including photocopying and
microfilm, without Permission in writing from the publisher.
International Organization for Standa rdization
Case Postale 56 l CH-l 21 1 Geneve 20 l Switzerland
Printed in Switzerland

ii
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD 0 60 ISO 2060: 1994(E)

Textiles - Yarn from packages - Determination of

linear density (mass per unit length) by the skein
method

1 Scope centinewtons, per unit linear density of yarn, in tex,

increases from 0,5 to l,O. Such yarns may be tested
under special conditions if they are accepted by all the
This International Standard specifies a method for the Parties interested in the test results.
determination of the linear density of all types of yarn
The method is not applicable to yarns having a linear
in package form, with the exception of any yarn that
density greater than 2 000 tex. For such yarns, other
may be the subject of a separate International Stan-
dard?
iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW skein lengths and special conditions of reeling may
be adopted by agreement of the interested Parties.
lt includes seven
(standards.iteh.ai)
optional procedures based on dif-
ferent methods of conditioning and preparation (see
4.1 and 4.2). Since the different procedures ISO 2060:1994
do not
https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/cf843ce7-6425-428c-af1a-
give the same values, it is essential that the proce- 2 Normative references
9e084e724136/iso-2060-1994
dure used is agreed by all Parties interested in the test
results. The following Standards contain provisions which,
through reference in this text, constitute provisions
While this method is designed solely for the determi- of this International Standard. At the time of pub-
nation of mass per unit length of yarn, it is frequently lication, the editions indicated were valid. All stan-
desirable to combine this determination with tests for dards are subject to revision, and Parties to
strength and/or tests for commercial mass. If, in such agreements based on this International Standard are
a case, skein lengths other than those specified are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying
used, the length used, and any special corrections the most recent editions of the Standards indicated
based on it, are subject to agreement between the below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers
interested Parties. of currently valid International Standards.

This method is applicable to ISO 139: 1973, Textiles - Standard atmospheres for
conditioning and testing.
a) Single yarns (spun, monofilament or multifila-
ment); ISO 1139:1973, Textiles - Designation of yarns.

b) folded (plied) yarns; ISO 1144:1973, Textiles - Universal System for des-
igna ting linear density (Tex System).
c) cabled yarns.
ISO 1833:1977 and ISO 1833:1977/Amd.1:1980,
lt is not applicable, except by agreement, to yarns Textiles - Binary fibre mixtures - Quantitative
which stretch more than 0,5 % when the tension, in chemical analysis.

1) See also ISO 1889:1987, Textile glass - Continuous filament yarns, staple fibre yams, textured yarns and rovings (pack-
ages) - Determination of linear density and ISO 10120:1991, Carbon fibre - Determination of linear density, which were
prepared specially for the needs of textile glass technologies.
 ISO 2060: 1994(E) 0 ISO

3 Definitions (2) Amount of dry substance calculated from inde-

pendent determination of moisture content, for ex-
For the purposes of this International Standard, the ample, distillation with an immiscible solvent or
following definitions apply. titration with Karl Fischer reagent (see also 3.7).

3.1 linear density: Mass per unit length of a yarn. 3.7 oven-dry mass: Constant mass of a specimen
lt is expressed in tex or its multiples or submultiples. obtained by drying in an oven under prescribed con-
[see ISO 1139:1973 and ISO 1144:1973.] ditions of temperature and humidity.

NOTE 1 Conditions most frequently used are a tempera-

3.2 commercial moisture regain: Arbitrary value ture of 105 “C + 3 “C and an air supply having a relative
formally adopted as the moisture regain to be used humidity of 65 % at 20 “C, under which conditions the
with the oven-dry mass when calculating specimens will not be moisture-free.

a) the linear density, 3.8 yarn package: Length or lengths of yarn in a

form suitable for use, handling, storing or shipping.
or Packages may be unsupported, such as balls, skeins
or cakes, or supported, such as bobbins, cops, cones,
b) the commercial or legal mass of a shipment or lot pirns, spools, tubes or beams.
(consignment) of any specific textile material.
3.9 test skein; lea skein; numbering skein: Small
3.3 commercial allowance: Arbitrary value equiv- skein which has a prescribed length of yarn and is
alent to the commercial moisture regain plus an ap- used in this International Standard for the determi-
proved allowance for finish, formally adopted for use nation of linear density or breaking load, or both.
with the oven-dry mass when calculating
iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW
4 Principle
a) the linear density,
(standards.iteh.ai)
The linear density is calculated from the length and
or
mass
ISO 2060:1994 of suitable specimens. Spetimens of suitable
b) the comm ercial or legal mas s of a sh ipmen t or length are prepared by reeling
https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/cf843ce7-6425-428c-af1a- test skeins for yarn
delivery of any spec ific textile material. numbering
9e084e724136/iso-2060-1994 under specified conditions from samples
that have been adequately conditioned after suitable
3.4 moisture equilibrium: Condition reached by a preconditioning in skein form. In practice, the mass
Sample at a closely defined temperature and relative of the skeins is determined under various conditions,
humidity when the net differente between the as noted in 4.1 .l to 4.1.3 and 4.2.1 to 4.2.4.
amount of moisture absorbed and the amount
Any one of the Options given in 4.1 and 4.2 may be
desorbed, as indicated by a Change in mass, Shows
used if mutually agreed.
no trend and becomes insignificant.

3.5 moisture equilibrium for testing: A textile 4.1 Unscoured yarn

material is in moisture equilibrium with the ambient
atmosphere when it does not exchange water with 4.1.1 Option 1: mass of the conditioned yarn at
this atmosphere; its mass then remains constant as equilibrium with the Standard atmosphere for testing
long as the experiment is carried out in an unchanged (see 11.3.1).
atmosphere. For test purposes, moisture equilibrium
is reached by absorption starting from a relatively low 4.1.2 Option 2: mass of the oven-dry yarn (see
moisture content. Moisture equilibrium for testing is 11.3.2).
considered as having been reached when the rate of
increase in mass of a Sample or specimen due to 4.1.3 Option 3: mass of the oven-dry yarn plus the
moisture uptake does not exceed that prescribed for commercial moisture regain (see 11.3.3).
the material being tested (see ISO 139).

36. moisture-free mass 4.2 Scoured yarn

(1) Constant mass of a specimen obtained by drying 4.2.1 Option 4: mass of the scoured yarn at equi-
material at a temperature of 105 “C + 3 “C in a cur- Iibrium with the Standard atmosphere for testing (see
rent of dry air. 11.4.2).

2
0 ISO ISO 2060: 1994(E)

4.2.2 Option 5: mass of the scoured oven-dry yarn suppling predried air to the oven. However, results of equal
(see 11.4.3). precision (but at somewhat lower levels of observed
moisture content) may be obtained by supplying upper lim-
its of temperature and humidity.
4.2.3 Option 6: mass of the scoured oven-dry yarn,
plus the commercial moisture regain (see 11.4.4).
5.3 Balance, having an appropriate capacity and a
sensitivity equal to 1 part in 1,000 of the mass of the
4.2.4 Option 7: mass of the scoured oven-dry yarn,
skein or skeins to be weighed. (These tolerantes ap-
plus the commercial allowances (see 11.4.5).
ply to the balance used, whether or not it is combined
NOTE 2 The use of Option 1, 3 or 7 is recommended. with the oven.)

5.4 Auxiliary equipment suited to the samples and

5 Apparatus procedures to be used, including conventional Sample
supports, weighing bottles with ground glass stop-
5.1 Reel, having a perimeter such that the required per-s, tared wire gauze weighing baskets of
length of yarn is given by a whole number of rev- noncorrodible metal, etc.
olutions, and with a traversing device that will avoid
bunthing of the yarn during reeling. A perimeter of 5.5 Facilities for scouring or extracting samples,
1,000 m -+ 2,5 mm is recommended. if required (see annex C).
The reel shall be either
6 Standard atmospheres
a) fitted with a positive feed System at a controlled
tension 0%0,5 --+ 0,l cN/tex, or The atmospheres for preconditioning, conditioning
and testing shall be as specified in ISO 139.
iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW
b) fitted with an adjustable tension device. In this
NOTE 5
case, the length of the skein may be checked by Air at 20 “C and 65 % R.H. has a water vapour
(standards.iteh.ai)
some suitable means (see annex A). pressure of 1 515 Pa and when heated to 47 “C + 3 “C will
produce an atmosphere having a relative humidity of
Variations in the specified length of the perimeter ISO 2060:199412,3 % to 16,7 %. Air at the maximum limit of 22 “C and
shall be small enough that skeins prepared on the reel 67 % R.H. has a water vapour pressure of 1 770 Pa which,
https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/cf843ce7-6425-428c-af1a-
heated to 44 “C to 50 “C, results in humidities in the range
conform with the specifications given in annex A.
9e084e724136/iso-2060-1994
of 14,3 % to 19,4 %. Any departure from the Standard pre-
conditioning atmosphere should be agreed by the interested
NOTE 3 Existing reels with perimeters other than 1 m
Parties and the temperature and humidity used stated in the
may be used if mutually agreed by the interested Parties.
test report.

5.2 Ventilated drying oven, in which the yarn

specimens are exposed at a temperature maintained 7 Sampling
at 105 “C +- 3 “C. The specimens shall not be subject
to direct radiation from the heating units. The oven 7.1 Sampling shall be carried out in one of the fol-
shall be supplied with a current of predried air (less lowing ways:
than 0,Ol g of water per 1 000 1) at such a rate that
the volume of air in the oven will be renewed at least a) according to directions, if any, given in the ma-
once every 4 min. Alternatively, by agreement of all terial specification;
interested Parties, the oven may be supplied with air
at any specified temperature and relative humidity b) according to procedures approved by ISO f or tex-
(RH.). The oven shall be designed to facilitate the free tile products, if directions on sampling are not in-
passage of air through the specimens. The oven may cluded in the material specification;
be provided with facilities for cutting off the air current
and weighing the specimens without their removal c) according to the method given in annex B
from the oven.
7.2 The bulk Sample shall be taken in such a manner
NOTE 4 Air under Standard temperature conditions that it is representative of the lot (consignment) to be
(65 % R.H. at 20 “C) has a moisture vapour pressure of tested (see annex B).
1 515 Pa. lf the temperature of this air is rarsed to 105 “C,
the air will have a relative humidity of 1,25 %. Under these
conditions, samples of textiles with a high moisture regain, 7.3 One laboratory Sample skein shall be reeled
such as regenerated cellulose or wool, may retain up to from each laboratory Sample package. The skeins
0,5 % moisture. Accurate results tan be secured only by shall be long enough to provide yarn for all tests re-

3
ISO 2060:1994( E) 0 ISO

quired. In reeling the skeins, the yarn shall be taken 9.1.2 If it is desired to combine the determination
from the end of the package if this is the normal of linear density as described in this International
method of use; otherwise the yarn shall be taken from Standard with the determination of other properties,
the side of the package. The few metres of yarns at for example skein strength or commercial mass, the
the beginning and end of the package shall be dis- lengths specified in 9.1 .l shall be used as far as
carded in Order to avoid damaged sections. possible. When shorter lengths are required for
strength tests, additional skeins shall be reeled to se-
eure the lengths required in this method; for example,
8 Preconditioning and conditioning two 50 m skeins for a required 100 m length. Ad-
ditional skeins of the length specified may be taken
Carry 0 ut preconditioning and conditioning of the lab- for other purposes as required.
Orator-y sa mple skeins as spec ified in 8.1 a nd 8.2.
9.2 Number

8.1 Precondition the laboratory Sample skeins by Test the number of specimens required in the ma-
exposing them to freely moving air in the specified terial specification when applicable; otherwise, test
atmosphere for preconditioning (see clause 6) for a one specimen from each laboratory Sample skein.
minimum of 4 h.

Samples shall not be oven-dried during precondition- 10 Preparation of specimens (test

ing. Even though the term “preconditioning” is fre- skeins) for yarn numbering
quently translated as “predrying”, only partial drying
is needed.
10.1 Mount the conditioned laboratory Sample
skeins, prepared as specified in clause 7, on a swift
8.2 After preconditioning
iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW
the laboratory Sample or other equipment to facilitate rotation.
(standards.iteh.ai)
skeins as specified in 8.1, bring them to moisture
equilibrium for testing by exposing them to the ap- 10.2 Using a winding tension described in 5.1, pre-
propriate Standard atmosphere for testing for 24 h or ISO 2060:1994 pare a test skein, or skeins, by reeling the required
until there is no progressive Change in mass greater number of turns to secure the length needed. When
https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/cf843ce7-6425-428c-af1a-
than 0,l % in successive exposures of at 9e084e724136/iso-2060-1994
least reeling a skein, traverse the specimen over the full
30 min duration (see also annex D). width permitted by the reel to reduce the superpos-
ition of the second layers of yarn on the first layer of
the reel. Cut the test skein free from the laboratory
9 Test specimens Sample skein, tie the ends of the skein together and
tut the loose ends short (less than 2,5 cm). Remove
the test skein from the reel for weighing.
9.1 Length
NOTE 8 In the event of dispute of skein length, a skein
gauge or other mutually agreeable means should be used
9.1.1 Test skeins for measurement of linear density (see annex A).
shall be of the following lengths whether the yarn is
Single, folded, multiplied or cabled: IO.3 Repeat the procedure given in 10.2 to obtain
the required number of skeins.
a) 200 m for yarns having a linear density below
12,5 tex;
IO.4 If the test skein is to be used for the determi-
b) 100 m for yarns having a linear density from 12,5 nation of yarn strength by either the Single-Strand or
to 100 tex; skein test, collapse one or more arms of the reels
before removing the skein.
c) IO m for yarns having a linear density of more
than 100 tex.
11 Procedure and calculations
NOTES

6 Tolerantes for skein Oengths are given in annex A. 11.1 Units

7 In the cas e of folded and cabled yarns, the limit stated For all Options, determine the linear density in units
applies to the linear density of the resultant yarn. of the Tex System (see ISO 1144). Round off calcu-

4
0 ISO ISO 2060:1994( E)

lated values and report them to three significant fig- 11.3.2.2 Dry the skein to constant mass, which shall
ures. be considered as attained when no progressive
Change in mass greater than 0,l % occurs in succes-
NOTE 9 Factors for converting units of the Tex System sive weighings spaced by a drying period of
to other units in common use are given in annex E.
a) at least 20 min if the specimen has not been re-
11.2 Variability of observations moved from the oven,

If desired, calculate the coefficient of Variation of the or

observed values of linear density by recognized stat-
istical methods but base the calculation on at least 20 b) at least 40 min if the specimen has been removed
specimens. Rounding of the mean values shall be re- and cooled for weighing outside the oven.
ported, taking into account the accuracy of the indi-
vidual length and mass measurements. 11.3.2.3 Obtain the mass, in grams, of the oven-dry
specimen to the precision required, in accordance
NOTE 10 The coefficient of Variation of linear density of with 11.3.2.3.1 or 11.3.2.3.2.
a yarn decreases as skein length increases. The coefficients
of Variation calculated according to this method will accord-
ingly be comparable only to other coefficients of Variation 11.3.2.3.1 If the specimen is to be weighed in the
calculated from the specified skein lengths. oven, stop the air flow through the oven and weigh
the specimen (see note 11).
11.3 Unscoured specimens
11.3.2.3.2 If the specimen is not to be weighed in
11.3.1 Option 1: mass of conditioned yarn at equi- the oven, transfer the basket with the specimen to a
Iibrium with the Standard atmosphere for testing (see suitable tared weighing tan or bottle. Close the con-
4.1 .l). iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW tainer immediately and place it in a desiccator to cool.
While the specimen is cooling, periodically loosen the
(standards.iteh.ai)
11.3.1.1 Weigh each conditioned test skein (see Container cover momentarily to permit equalization of
clause 9) on a suitable balance’ (5.3) in grams, in the air pressure, re-cover tightly and weigh when cool
appropriate Standard atmosphere for testingISO(see 2060:1994 (see note 11).
https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/cf843ce7-6425-428c-af1a-
clause 6). (See note 11.)
9e084e724136/iso-2060-1994
11.3.2.4 Calculate the linear density Tt,,, expressed
11.3.1.2 Calculate the linear density Tt,, expressed in tex, of the oven-dry yarn according to the equation:
in tex, from the mass and length of the conditioned
skein according to the equation: mod x 1 o3
Tt od -
L
m, x 1 O3
Tt C =
L

where mod is the mass, in grams, of the oven-dry test

specrmen;
mC
is the mass, in grams, of the conditioned
test skein; L is the length, in metres, of the test speci-
men.
L is the length, in metres, of the numbering
skern.
11.3.3 Option 3: mass of the oven-dry yarn plus
NOTE 11 In cases where information on the Variation in commercial moisture regain (see 4.1.3).
linear density is not wanted and only an average value is
desired, groups of two or more skeins may be weighed at 11.3.3.1 Dry and weigh the test skeins as directed
one time. for Option 2 in 11.3.2.1 to 11.3.2.3.

11.3.2 Option 2: mass of oven-dry yarn (see 4.1.2).

11.3.3.2 Calculate the linear density of the yarn Tt,,,
expressed in tex, according to the equation:
11.3.2.1 Place the conditioned specimen (sec
clause IO) in the oven (5.2) maintained at Tt,,(loo + R)
105 “C -+ 3 “C. Arrange the specimen in a wire basket Tt pl-=
100
or other comparable Container (see 5.4) to permit free
access of air to the specimen in the oven. where
ISO 2060: 1994(E) 0 ISO

R is the commercial moisture regain, in per- 11.4.2.1 After the scouring Operation is complete,
cent, for the fibre being tested; allow the test skeins for yarn numbering to dry in the
ambient atmosphere, precondition them as described
Tt od is as defined in 11.3.2.4. in 8.1 and bring them to equilibrium for testing in the
appropriate Standard atmosphere for testing as de-
11.3.3.3 If the Sample comprises two or more fibre scribed in 8.2.
types that have different commercial moisture re-
gains, calculate the commercial moisture regain from 11.4.2.2 Weigh the conditioned test skeins as di-
the proportions of the different fibres that are known rected in 1 1.3.1 .l and calculate the linear density as
or determined from analysis (see ISO 1833) to be directed in 11.3.1.2.
present in the yarn, as follows:
11.4.3 Option 5: mass of scoured oven-dry yarn
R (PA x RA) + (PB x RB) + . . .
= (see 4.2.2) .
100
11.4.3.1 Dry and weigh the scoured test skeins as
where
directed for Option 2 in 11.3.2.1 to 11.3.2.3.
R is the total commercial moisture re-
gain expressed as a percentage 11.4.3.2 Calculate the linear density of the oven-dry
based on dry mass, of a yarn com- yarn as directed for Option 2 in 11.3.2.4.
prised of fibres A, B, etc.;
11.4.4 Option 6: mass of the scoured oven-dry yarn
pA# p,, *** are the respective percentages of fi- plus the commercial moisture regain (see 4.2.3).
bres A, B, etc. comprising the yarn;
11.4.4.1 Dry and weigh the scoured test skeins as
RA, R,, . . . are the
iTeh STANDARD
respective
directed PREVIEW
commercial
moisture regains, expressed as per-
for Option 2 in 11.3.2.1 to 11.3.2.3.

prising the yarn.

(standards.iteh.ai)
centages, of fibres A, B, etc. com-
11.4.4.2 Calculate the linear density as directed for
Option 3 in 11.3.3.2 to 11.3.3.4.
For example, if a yarn contains 20 % of secondary ISO 2060:1994
acetate staple with a commercialhttps://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/cf843ce7-6425-428c-af1a-
moisture regain of 11.4.5 Option 7: mass of the scoured oven-dry yarn
6,5 %, and 80 % of wool with a commercial moisture 9e084e724136/iso-2060-1994
plus the commercial allowance (see 4.2.4).
regain of 15 %, the total commercial moisture regain
will be: 11.4.5.1 Dry and weigh the scoured test skeins as
directed for Option 2 in 11.3.2.1 to 11.3.2.3.
(0,20 x 6,5 %) + (0,80 x 15 %) =

1,3 % +12,0 % = 13,3 % 11.4.5.2 Calculate the linear density Ttsod, expressed
in tex, of scoured oven-dry yarn with commercial al-
lowance using the equation
11.3.3.4 If the specimen includes one or more fibre
types for which no commercial moisture regain has Tt,,(loo + K>
Tt sod =
been established, a suitable value must be agreed 100
upon by the interested Parties.

K is the commercial allowance, in percent,

11.4 Scoured specimens for the fibre being tested;

11.4.1 Preparation Tt od is as defined in 11.3.2.4.

The test skeins shall be subjected to a beil-off or ex- 11.4.5.3 If the test skein comprises two or more fi-
traction procedure agreed to by the interested Parties. bre types that have different commercial allowances,
A suggested procedure for boiling off test skeins is calculate the Overall factor from the proportions of the
given in annex B. different fibres that are known, or determined from
analysis (see ISO 18331, to be present in the yarn as
follows:
11.4.2 Option 4: mass of the scoured yarn at equi-
Iibrium with the Standard atmosphere for testing (see K - (PAxKA)+(PBxKB)+...
4.2.1). 100

6
0 ISO ISO 2060: 1994fE)

a) the number and year of publication of this Inter-

national Standard, i.e. ISO 2060:1994;
K is the Overall commercial allowance,
expressed as a percentage based on b) sufficient information for complete identification
dry mass, of a yarn comprised of fi- of the Sample tested;
bres A, B, etc.;
Cl the mean linear density in units of the Tex Sys-
P& p,, -.- are the respective percentages of fi- tem;
bres A, B, etc. comprising the yarn;
d the number of test specimens;
KAI KB, 0.. are the respective commercial allow-
ances, expressed as percentages, of
e) the length of yarn in each test skein;
fibres A, B, etc. comprising the yarn.
f) the coefficient of Variation of the linear density, if
For example, if a yarn contains 20 % of secondary
determined;
acetate staple with a commercial allowance of 9,0 %
and 80 % of viscose with a commercial allowance of
g) the Option used, specifying the commercial
13 %, the Overall commercial allowance will be
moisture regain or commercial allowance used,
(0,20 x 9,0 %) + (0,80 x 13 %) = where applicable;

1,8 % +10,4 % = 12,2 % h) the sampling scheme employed;

11.4.5.4 If the test skein includes one or more fibre 0 the temperature and relative humidity of the air
types for which no commercial allowance has been supplied to the drying oven;
established, a suitable value must be agreed upon the
interested Parties. iTeh STANDARD j)PREVIEW
any deviation, by agreement
the procedure specified.
or otherwise, from

12 Test report (standards.iteh.ai)

The test report shall contain the following ISO 2060:1994
information:
https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/cf843ce7-6425-428c-af1a-
9e084e724136/iso-2060-1994