A PRESENTATION ON
LUNAR
ROVER DESIGN
Introduction Power & Communication
STNETNOC
Significance of Lunar Exploration Power generation & storage
Need of Effective Rovers Communication systems
Analysis Payload & Instrumentation
Requirements Payload capabilities
FO
Constraints Instrumentation
ELBAT
Structure & Mobility
Components & Materials
Mobility system
SECTION 01
Introduction
Significance of Lunar
Exploration
Lunar exploration is pivotal in unraveling the mysteries
of celestial evolution, paving the way for future space
missions, and understanding Earth's history.
It facilitates technological advancements, resource
prospecting, and potential human colonization,
broadening our scientific understanding of the universe.
Need of Good Rovers
Remote exploration in inaccessible environments.
Precise data collection for scientific research.
Enhanced mobility for covering diverse terrains.
Preparation for future human missions and
colonization
SECTION 02
Analysis
REQUIRMENTS
There are many checkboxes which a lunar rover should tick in order to deploy it for a lunar exploration mission.
Major requirements for lunar rover are as follows;
Structural Ability to Enabled for
Robustness to generate and experimentation
survive in Harsh storage energy to & data
lunar conditions power the rover transmission
CONSTRAINTS
1 2 3
Harsh Lunar Reduced Gravity Limited Power
Environment conditions Supply on moon
4 5 6
Communication Payload and cost Technical
Latency limitations Limitations
CHANDRAYAAN 3 ROVER
Pragyan
We'll be looking into details of Chandrayaan 3 Rover; Pragyan
to better understand design aspects of Lunar Rover
SECTION 03
Structure & Mobility
Primary Features
of Pragyan Rover
0.90m x 0.75m x 0.85m are the dimensions of
the rover
And rover has the weight of 26kg. It can move
with the speed of 1cm/s.
Compact dimensions and less weight ensures
enhanced maneuverability across the
challenging lunar terrain and also its reduces
payload to be sent with lander.
Pragyan rover coming
down from Vikram
Lander with help of
ramp in ISRO facility
Chasis
Material: Lightweight yet durable materials like
titanium alloys or composites.
Design: Sturdy frame with vibration damping,
dust protection, and efficient heat management.
Versatility: Modular design for adaptable
payloads and easy integration of various
scientific instruments.
Wheel
The rover is equipped with six wheels, each
independently driven by brushless DC electric
motors, ensuring efficient and adaptable
movement on the lunar surface.
Steering is achieved through differential speed or
skid steering, enhancing the rover's
maneuverability and navigation capabilities
across challenging terrain.
Suspension
The Pragyan rover utilizes a rock bogie
mechanism for enhanced stability and flexibility,
enabling it to traverse uneven lunar terrain with
minimized risk of toppling.
This design ensures safe navigation over rocky
surfaces, facilitating comprehensive scientific
exploration during the Chandrayaan 3 mission.
SECTION 04
Power & Communication
Power
Pragyan rover of Chandrayaan 3, operates
with a 50W solar panel system and is
equipped with a 6 Ah rechargeable battery for
sustained energy supply.
Pragyan cannot work in lunar night due to lack
of energy supply and frigid conditions.
Communication
This robust communication channel is
instrumental in relaying crucial scientific data,
images, and other mission-related information.
For seamless communication, the rover
utilizes a 2-4 GHz 64kbps transmission rate
for Rover-to-Lander and a 2-4 GHz 6kbps rate
for Lander-to-Rover, supported by a 2GB local
data storage capacity.
SECTION 02
Payload & Instrumentation
ROLE OF PAYLOAD
The payload of a lunar rover conducts scientific
experiments, captures images, and collects data, playing a
vital role in exploring the Moon's surface and enhancing our
understanding of its geology and composition.
Alpha particle X-ray
spectrometer (APXS)
The Alpha Particle X-ray Spectrometer
(APXS) on the lunar rover is a
sophisticated instrument that analyzes the
elemental composition of lunar surface
materials by bombarding them with alpha
particles and X-rays, providing valuable
insights into the moon's geological history
and composition.
Laser-induced
breakdown spectroscopy
(LIBS)
Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS)
on a lunar rover enables rapid chemical analysis
of lunar surface materials by using a laser to
create a plasma, providing valuable insights into
the composition and geology of the Moon's
regolith.
Cameras
Stereoscopic camera-based 3D vision: two 1MP
monochromatic NAVCAMs in front of the rover to
provide the ground control team a 3D view of the
surrounding terrain, and help in path-planning by
generating a digital elevation of the terrain.
Vikram Lander Image
taken from Pragyan
Rover
SECTION 02
Conclusion
