Chapter 4
Chapter 4
PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND SPORTS FOR CWSN (Children with Special Needs-Divyang) 4.1
h in dra n ee or ob!l.t·,c1c m . t\1 , w·, y of h
i s /h e r life. W
is full of jo y a · ' · . , eHow '
ev e r , th e re a re
e all w a n t to en
joy life wh ·
.
th ei r d esires n l
nd µ1 c nsm e . p e op le who a re
n d o n g
.
m g
r n d d '
u e to n is a i t ., b ' \' u n a b le t, 1ch
. s 1 y.
Disab1. h.ty 1s . .
nn n n p a, n. ·m cn t th a t m a y b e cog ..
o rn ee t
men ta l p h ys1. 1 ,t , It a ffe . d m t1v e, d e v el o p m
ca , e c . c ts ev e i:y . . . e n ta l, in tell ec
.
con s1dera ble am a y a c ti v it ie . . . t
t It m ay b e p . s of th e in u
. ·,
ou n · : . re se n t m a n . d ' . d iv
.
id u a l t a1,
li
du rm g on e fetim e Dis abil m
s ity s d1.ff. e re . " iv . 1du.al fr. om b ir th or o a
tl. 1e ,,,01·ld . Disabilitv· is . . . .h a·h n t m e
u a n m3m:y t a . . t . t ahn,mf g s m diffe re n t societoc cur
a n individual. J
tf re s n c s t e . ie f
It is th e conse . . u n c ti o n s or m so
It ca n b e said qu e nc e o a ~ o v e m en ts f
th a t it is ess e n im p a ir ~ e n t c o
individ u a l to p ti a ll y a m e d ic a u se d to a n in
erform any ac a l c o n d it io n w h ic h div id u a~ .
tivity o r m o v e do es n o t perm
Dis ability m e a m e n t in a n o rm it
n s in a b il it y to a l way.
wh en h e /s h e c do w o rk . In fa a
a n n o t work ef c t, it is th e st a te
ficiently. of a n individu al
"Disability is th
e reduction o f
According to W functional abil '
orld H e a lt h O ity to lead dail
rg a n is a ti o n , "A y fr u it fu l life."
(resulting from dis
impairment) o ability is a rest
within the rang f ability to perf riction or la ck
e considered n orm an activit
ormal for a h u y in the manner
"Disabilit y is a m a n being." or
n impairment
mental, physica th a t may be co
l, sensory or so gnitive, develop
person's life ac me combinatio mental, intellec
tivities a n d ma n of these. It su tua l,
lifetime." y be present fr bstantially affec
om birth or occ ts a
ur during a pers
"A disability
is a functional o n's
perform an act li m it ation or restri ct
ivity." ion of an individ
It m e a n s th a t it is
ual's ability to
a n im p a ir m e n
or movements t th a t c re a te s
of a n in d iv id u obstructions in
a l. It li m it s a n normal fun ctio
d re st ri c ts th e ns
1. ORGANIZA activities of a p
TIONS PROM erso n .
Paralympics, OTING DISAB
Deaflympics) IL ITY SPORTS (Sp
ecial Olympics
S p e c ia l O ly m
p ic s
S p ec ia l O ly m
p ic s w e re st
E u n ic e K e n n a r te d b y
e dy S h ri ve r '
Jo h n F. K en ned
y, th e fo rm er p
si st e r of
§ p ec i a l • ,E - ~
,1\, -I
of USA. In fa ct
equal op p o rt u n
a n yon e el se, p
co u ld comp e t
, sh e b el ieve d
it ies a n d expe
eo p le wit h spec
e fa r m or e th
th
resid e n t
a t wit h
rien ces a s
ial n ee ds
a n e ve r
! J
OJ
f f l P I C
§ \~ • •
~f
th o u g h t po ss ib
le . S h e w a s co
th a t ch il d re n n v in ce d
sp o rt sp er son s wit h in tell e c tu a l d1.s a b1·1it · .
a n d th a t th ro u ies co t ilc.l b eh exce p tiona l a thletes/
a nd dev elopm gh sp o rt s th ey ca n re . . ote ntial fo r
en t. a li se t en p growth
~
4.2
HEALTH AND PHYSICAL EDUCATIO
N-XII
Keeping this in mind, she started a day camp for
'Id. with intellectual disabilities at her home. She
chi 1en .
. t d a lot of efforts to start these games. Owmg
1nves e . . d·
fcorts the first Special Olympics were hel 111
to h ere 1, ,
1968 in Chicago. About 1000 athletes from USA
Ju1y · h. h
d Canada participated m one-day event, w 1c was
an · d Ch.
a joint venture by Kennedy Foundat10~ an i_cago
Park District. In 1971 , US Olympic Comnuttee
gave the Special Olympics' official appro_val to use
the name 'Olympics'. France sent the first set of
athletes from outside North America to the second
games held in 1970. In 1972 games, ten nations sent Eunice Kennedy Shriver
their athletes. The United Nations declared 1986 as Founder of Special Olympi,
the year of Special Olympics. In 1988, the Special
Olympics were officially organised by International Olympic Committee. In 20(
Special Olympics, approximately 7000 athletes from 150 nations participated i
18 disciplines.
Symbol
The Special Olympics logo is based on the sculpture "Joy and Happiness to All tl1
Children of the World". The logo is a symbol of gTowth, confidence and joy amon
children and adults with disabili ties who arc learning coordination , masterin
skills, participating in competitions and preparing themselves for richer an
more productive li ves.
Special Olympic Flame
The "Flame of Hope" is the na me give n to the torch that is rnrried to a nd lit r
Special Olympic Games.
Year and Venue of the Special Olympics (Sumn1er) Held So Far
Year Venue Year Venue
1968 Chicago 1995 New Haven
1970 Chicago 1999 Chapel Hill , Durham and Ral eigh
1972 Los Angeles 2003 Du blin
•.
1975 Mount Pleasant 2007 Shan ghai
1979 2011
-
..__1983
Brockport
Baton Rouge 2015
Athens
Los An ge k s
1
PHYSlCAL EDUCATION AND SPORTS FOR CWSN (Children with Special Needs- Divyang) 4.3
T lw j\ il h,wrn~ RA nw
i:. ,,ii,1 t- pn11 i- i, 11 • i11 ch1c \N \ \n S p<•c
• A th h•\ H'F-: ('T'n w k \11 \ () \ y m pi <'A:
FlllO p;,,1,n
· f\ nrl m rn t.c,n
• l<11 yn l<i11 g
• V\ f.l F< kt •lh All
• NP thnll
• H i 'll' ('l '
• Po w(•r liftin g
· Ho w lin "
• ('nC'kC'I
• Holl l' r Hk ntin g
· (' ~·rl in g
• Hn\lin g
• Eq H <'~ t ri an • 8 nowhoa rdin g
· Fi gu re Sk at in g • Snow Rho e run .
• .. nin
· Fl oorb all Sk nn g: A\pin e andg
. So ft ba ll , ,
· Floor H oc ke ~· Cro ss- Country
• l<ootb all (S occer) • Sp ee d Sk at in g· Sh
• Golf . · ar t-
. Swimming: Pool an track
· G ymna stics: A rt d Ope n-w at er
is tic an d R hy th m ic • T ab le T en ni s
· Handball • T en ni s
· J udo
• T ri at hl on
P a ra ly m p ic G ai n • V ol le yb al l
es
P ar alympic G am es
ar e a major in te rn at
m ul t i- sp or t ev en ts io na l
for th e at hl et es
va ri ou s di sa bi li ti es w it h
su ch as at hl et es
mobility di sa bi li ti es with
; am pu ta ti on s, blin
an d ce re br al pa dness
ls y. P ar al ym pi c
ar e h el d at an G am es
in te rv al of ev er
ye ar s following th y fo ur
e Olympic Games
ga m es ar e go ve rn . These
ed by th e In te rn at
P ar alympic C om m io na l
it tee. T he firs t P ar
G ames w er e h el d in al ympi c
Rom e in 1960. How
the P ar alym pic w ever ,
or d w as u se d offic Paralympi c games log
19 88 S um mer Oly ia ll y in o
m pic G am es which
P ar al ym pic G am es wer e held in Seoul.
. The fi rs t Win te r These were Summer
Sw ed en . T he W in P ar alympi c Games
te r P ar alympic Gam were held in 1976 in
es ar e also held afte
r ever y fo ur years.
EXTENSION ACTIVI
• Find ou t th e Indian TY
para athletes who ha
ve won medals at the
Olympics . Paralympics and Special
• Name their disabilit
y they suffer from an
• ~ow many of th e d the sports/game in
para athletes won A which they won the m
rjuna Award and Raj iv edal.
Gandhi Khel Ratna Aw rd
---
a ?
EXTHA EDGE
· 7 Th
Besides the obvious, how do the Deaflympics differ from the Olympics • ere are severald
differences in the way the games are run . The Deaflymp1-c referees don ' t use whistles·' instea
. In
they use flags . On the track, races are started by a light rather t han t he so und of a. p1sto 1.
hi tes
addition , spectato rs watch ing the games often wave with both han ds to cheer their at e
on rather than yelling or clapping . h vents
However, the Deaflympics make sure not to alter the rules of sports •in any way. All oft e e
are played the same way they are at the Olympics .
- -- -:::::=-:-:--,. noN-XII
4.6 HEALTH AND PHYSICAL EDUCA
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..,ptH
\th lt•t ,rs HAn1fh111l 1'111•l<w ,,11(l,,
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Hfl t-kr thAll l{m nt1• Vnll,•d1;111
Hcflr I,
\' nlkvhA l1 ( h 1r n1 •'<'t m ~ Wafr•r f'11l1i
l~o\\·hng ~hrwitmg Wr,-,-;:tlin'-! Fr, ,. ~, vf,,
c,•rhn!2 H11nd Hw11nmrng Wr,•-.tlltl~ r;,.,.,,, Hnrn HI
F~thRll TnhlP T«-niwi
..:;pol tl- in " inh'l Dl•a n~mpks
Alpmr Skiing .. Ice HockC'y
,t ' ro.,,.-.!; ("'ountr\'· Sk11n g Snowboard
('urhng
These games were originally known as "International Silent Gamcsu before they bt•c,, l)r'<!
Games for the Deaf". The most recent name the "Deaflymp1cs" was formally adopted ,n ,oo:
PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND SPORTS FOR CWSN (Children with Special Needs- D1vyang) 4. 7
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Ber chtesg ade n
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197 1
1 Ade lbod en We st Germa ny
Swi tzerla nd
1975 _T La k e Pla cid
~-
IX 197 9 t Me ribe l - ~ Uni ted Sta tes
Fra nce
X 198 3 7 M a don ~ i Ca mpi g~
Ita ly
XI 198 7 Oslo
XII ...
I
Norway
XII I 199
- - - - -5
XIV
--
199 1
1 - Y1las
Ba nff
- = + Fin land
Can ada
1999 D avo s
Swi tzerla nd
xv 200 3 S und sva ll -- r
Swe den
XVI 2007 Sal t Lak e City 1
U nite d Sta tes
XV II 2011 Vys oke Tatr y, Slo vak ia
---- - Slov akia
XV III -
2015 Kh ant~ -Ma n siys k
_ 1
- 1 I Rus sia
XIX 20 19 -;-- T or ino - -I
---- Ita ly
xx 2023 Qu eb ec Can ada
2 . AD VA NT AG ES OF PH YS ICA L
ACTIVITIES FOR CHILDREN WITH
SP EC IAL NE ED S
Ph ysi cal act i vit ies can pla y a sig nifi
can t as well as pos itive role in the life
chi ldr en wit h spe cia l n eed s . In fa ct of
, the r e is a wea lth of evich.' nce to support
ph ysi cal a cti vit ies for ch ild ren wit h
dis abi liti es . Du rin g the pas t th ree decades
a num ber of s tudies h ave r eve ale d
th a t ph ysi cal activit ies res u 1 t in improve
fun ctio nal s t a tu s a n d qu a lit y of life d
a mo ng childr en wit h spe cia l nee ds.
PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND SPORTS FOR CWSN (Children with Special Needs- 4 .9
Divyang )
•. , t> ,
"' I\' u I" ' ' \ .. "
4 II ,lt h,01 n, llk n1 Io n! . l'l l \~ IC,11 f
Illt I
i·h 1ld r1 n "1 1 h '- Pt' I lt' \ \VII IP ~ nt' P liP
h11
1 H\1 n1' 1' 1l ~ ht' Cll . • . t 1...
ih , n .. h " ' , 11 111 n 1-- lw ll l-l t ' tl w '-t' 11c f \V
II' " " r <•d11 c·c• flt' rl Pl r·p 1·r•I('11I fl I
nh h in m pl u·11\101\ " \ik fi
,n ,l 1, .... ,,. 1rn w ,m p1 P hi gh ld ornl pr r- ~~ 11r
11 1 1 ·n, ,, np \w l 111 • 111HI qu ri. dt Hhnt. ,,
11 n \11 1
1
v of .., \ ,. ,p
'"
EXTENSION ACTIVITY
l:'v .-rc1 M .. 111\ wa!. bo
rn on ~eptc>mber 30, 19
~(l tHp at ~he- ha ., tw . 70 at Bh iw an i, Haryana . She wa s
~ ,trun~ mind o d;rng hten,. Oeepa
In 1999 , !.he wa s diagn
Mahl< ha s pr oven th at ph br
ysica l lim itations
ought
up at
wa!. lett paralyzed fro m os ed wi t h a spina l tu mo ur
the waist do wn . Howe . Even aft er s~annot de
ver, sh e m anaged ca te ter
vear.- At the age of 36 • rin g bu s· rge rie
, she decided to pu rsu • 1nes
s fo s, she
~8 national and 18 int e a ca re er 1n th e fie ld
lnd,an wo man to w tn me
swimmer not on ly th
ernat ional medals so
dal in Paralym pic Game
is, she Is also a mo tiv
far in va rio u s discip lin
of sp or t
es . She
s . Sh e is an ex tra-o rd ina
r seven
She has wo n
ry bikecarne the first
t
Aq una Awa rd . Sh e is als ati on al sp eake r. In 2012 , nd
o wo rki ng tow ar d th e sh e wa:r a splendid
ind ivi duals . She br ou gh ind ep en de nc e of ot he
t laurels to ou r co un try r h . presented the
tn th e fie ld of sports . W e peop le feel pr ou d
. o~et ica lly ~hallenged
Discu
. ss he r achievement s in sm he r ach ievements
which he lp you in getti all gr ou ps of yo ur class
ng ins pirati on fro m he · Als o d·,scuss t h e point
.
r life . · h
sin er Profile,
3. STRATEGIE S TO
M AK
CHILD REN W IT H SP E PHYSIC AL ACTIVITIES ACC
EC IAL NEEDS
ESSIBLE FOR
C hi ld re n w ith s pe c ia
l n ee ds or w it h
va ri ou s ty pe s of di
sa bi lit ie s s u ch as
m en ta l di sa bi lit y. h ea
ri ng im pa ir m en t.
sp ee c h o r l an g ua
g e im pa i r m e nt .
bl in dn es s. au tis m or po
or bo dy m echa nics.
h ea lth im pa irm en t. et
c .. h av e th e rig ht
t0 de ve lo p th ei r
ab ilitie s in a de m oc ra
soci et y th roug h th e pr tit :
oc es s of ed uc at io n.
So . th e fo llo w in g ;-;t
ra te gi es sh ou ld be
ta ke n in to co ns id er at io
n to m ak e ph ys ic al
ac tiv iti es ac ce ss ib le fo Strat egies to m ake ph
r th e ch ild re n w ith ysical ac t ivi tie s
sp ecia l n ee ds . accessible to ch ild ren
1. Mtci.1cal C he ck -u
p· Fi rs t of al l, it is es se
of all th e ch ild re n w n t ia l to have ,l mecliccll
ith sp ec ial ne ed s or w ch eck-up
w ith ou t m ed ic al ch ec ith va rio us clis ab ili ties.
k -u p , t h e te ac he rs of Bel'.a use
l o kn ow ab ou t th e ty pe ph ys ic al ed uc at io n ra nnot coine
of di sa bi lit y th e ch ild
w an t to m ak e ph ysic is fat:ing . ln deed . if we ren~ly
al ac tiv iti es ac ce ss ib le
n ee ds , w e ne ed to un fo r th e ch ild re n w ith specw
de r st a nd th e ty pe of di l
sa bi lit ie s of th e ch ild re
n.
4 .1 4
-
HEAL
ND -
PHYSICAL EDUCA:noN-Xll
TH A
(d)
- - - - - - -- - --
4.16 - - - - - ---=~ -:-;::DPHYSICAL
EDUCATION-XII HEALTH AN
i c Ga mes in 201 6
A- 111 which one of th~ follo win g eve
nt she won a si lver medal at Paralymp
sum mer Paralymprcs?
(b) Di sc us Thr ow
(a) Javelin Thr ow
(d) Non e of th ese
(c) Shot Put l
~re th ere in Summer Paralym pi cs whi ch are sanct ioned by Inte rn ationa
8 . How rnal1': spo rts
paralyrnpIc Com mitt ee?
(b) 6 (c) 2 2 (d) 16
(a) 28
pi c med alist of Indi a?
c. Who became the first female Paralym
(b) Dee pa Mal ik
(a) Deepa K~r mak ar
{d) Sak shi M alik
(c) Deepa Singh ?
h two gold med als at Rio Paralym pics
D. Who bec ame the first Indi an to clinc
(b) T. M aiyappan
{a) Dev end r~ Jha jhar !a
(d) Sandeep Chaudhary
(c) Sun dar Srngh GurJar
mot to of Paralympics?
E. Which one of the follo win g is the
(b) Spir it in mot ion
{a) Min d, Body, Spi rit {d) Non e of thes e
{c) Faster, High er, Stro nge r
3. False 4. False
1. False 2. Tru e
7. False
S. True 6. False
t11., ~
. . 4 17
P~Ysic - -
- - - - - -SPO n with Special Needs- D1vyang) ·
AL EDUCATION AND RTS FOR CWSN (Childre