Air Degradation
Environmental changes are caused by the natural or artificial
content of harmful pollutants and can cause instability,
disturbance, or adverse effects on the ecosystem. Earth and its
environment pose a more serious threat due to the increasing
pollution of air, water, and soil. Environmental damage is
caused by improper resource management or careless human
activities. Therefore, any activity that violates the original nature
of the environment and leads to degradation is called pollution.
We need to understand the origin of these pollutants and find
ways to control pollution. This can also be done by raising
awareness of the effects of pollutants.
Introduction to Air Pollution
Air pollution is an escalating environmental crisis that poses a grave threat to our planet and
human health. It occurs when harmful substances, such as particulate matter, gases, and
chemicals, contaminate the Earth's atmosphere, disrupting its natural composition. This
contamination is primarily driven by industrial processes, vehicular emissions, agricultural
practices, and the combustion of fossil fuels, all of which release pollutants into the air.
The consequences of air pollution are far-reaching and profound. Not only does it
contribute to global warming and climate change by releasing greenhouse gases, but it also
endangers public health. Breathing polluted air can lead to respiratory diseases,
cardiovascular problems, and even premature death. Vulnerable populations, such as
children, the elderly, and those with preexisting health conditions, are particularly at risk.
Air Pollutants
1. Primary air pollutants are pollutants, which are directly
released into the air. They are called SPM, i.e., Suspended
Particulate Matter. For example, smoke, dust, ash, sulfur
oxide, nitrogen oxide, and radioactive compounds, etc.
2. Secondary Pollutants are pollutants, which are formed due
to chemical interactions between the atmospheric
components and primary pollutants. For example, Smog
(i.e., Smoke and fog), ozone, etc.
3. Major gaseous air pollutants include Carbon Dioxide,
Hydrogen Sulfide, Sulphur Dioxide and Nitrogen Oxide,
etc.
4. Natural sources are volcanic eruptions, forest fires, dust
storms, etc.
5. Man-made sources include gasses released from the
automobiles, industries, burning of garbage and bricks
kilns, etc.
Effects of Air Pollution on Human Health
Air pollution has adverse effects on human health.
Breathing polluted air puts you at higher risk of asthma.
When exposed to ground ozone for 6 to 7 hours, people
suffer from respiratory inflammation.
Damages the immune system, endocrine, and reproductive
systems.
A high level of air pollution has been associated with
higher incidents of heart problems.
The toxic chemicals released into the air are affecting the
flora and fauna immensely.
Preventive Measures to Reduce Air Pollution
We can prevent pollution by utilizing raw materials, water
energy, and other resources more efficiently. When less harmful
substances are substituted for hazardous ones, and when toxic
substances are eliminated from the production process, human
health can be protected, and economic wellbeing can be
strengthened.
There are several measures that can be adopted by people to
reduce pollution and to save the environment.
1. Carpooling.
2. Promotion of public transport.
3. No smoking zone.
4. Restricted use of fossil fuels.
5. Saving energy.
6. Encouraging organic farming.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the issue of air degradation is a pressing concern
that requires immediate attention and concerted efforts from
individuals, communities, governments, and industries
worldwide. Throughout this project report, we have examined
the various causes, consequences, and potential solutions to
mitigate air degradation.
The degradation of air quality has severe implications for human
health, ecosystems, and the overall well-being of our planet.
From the emission of harmful pollutants to the depletion of
ozone layer and the exacerbation of climate change, the negative
effects of air degradation are far-reaching and often irreversible.
Our analysis has revealed that the primary culprits behind air
degradation include industrial activities, transportation, energy
production, and agricultural practices. These sectors must adopt
cleaner technologies, enforce stringent regulations, and promote
sustainable practices to curb their contribution to air pollution.
