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tomas > —
WTRepection
AU Material bedies ane made up of, very molt particles called
Ofoms. A bubefanee thal Confaina afoms of ont Kind t&lalled an
Cement. While Ahowe containing morte than one Kind of atoms
ane called: Compounds
aes (0-2 Lam thick) - The X— pawticts erecta rom
e's Rett deBieekid fn dipberent- disetlio » whith £4
Could bey <- partie detector - Tan angle geet
devidlion ofan om porch fewer is original djreelion
Te Clled Scattering ance. 6 +
BNL NAS
Ob semvalions
mi
Te graph between toftol No)
rember oh <- parcHeles N(6)
Scattered at avafe 6 and
fia Fender anqe(e) res
ahown tn Figlt)- egw
ee TE)
Wishes for Top thoughts, Top day! a
—__yraph leads fo Rollowing obwrevalions —
Se rey ge pasr_Streaight” tnrowgh Tee __
3 Deld_ Lot) oF wupher. werall deBleckion - =
2) A sentt nunieen oy t= pariches sublened angele diVer
Sees eee eas Pe ee ee
Their paths oe Supfer defleetion ob nemrly 480°.
’
Concha te x
Acconding to RutherRowd 2 |
Scattcnd of, & - pacticte s
) D.
fs duets “plthe pore YS
ot posit vets nucleus on tye Charge eg:
%— particle .
> Ke particle undengo Spall dePleclion (4) when atom at-
larege distance corm suchen’ whith experienc malt repulsive.
Fore -
= & ~ patie vouch AS 2, pr Closes to nucleus experien
large eepulaive fore. and Scocttere larege angles -
a— pactde such 2&8 3 Stow’ down down dua to
repulsive, Fore % ”
Fimenehore a1 paticte degjet- —1¢0"
uelonse Finadly sop < repelled ar
: Rutheacfore’s Meakl of vom! —
4 The back h Ruthenpordé model a atom wo
Scattering ex. pment i C=
The Salient spfurss ah Athi; model ane -
OD Evens afem consist oh & finy Cenfreal. Cone, Cabted the.
huclens whch Contains ott of the afoms positive chage
and moo E45 mats Taenchore « — pafile preweling doe le
nuclens have (a7ge Set angle
Zz
@) Radins < nucleus 1 Atre orden cy lo mand atom The
Ky
ed
4
omdet Zo"! m - kg
a
=
“he electrons OCeupy jhe apace outside the nucle:
() Cle ctoons ant. nef Rfaltonaey bul- revolve round the
nucfenk +
av
+7%e
ae
Ruthertprd gents Sfability fo the atom
Corbdpabl fowa rented by tlchon Ber rena
provided by Cechrortulfc pore attraction -
let
e= Charrge on elecpon -
22 total number of, profons fh the nucleus»
TTS mae the elesfeon-
Wishes for Top thoughts, Top day!
cam ey ne ea aa “ Change on the nucleus = 26
EE |
Ty Ghepo talc pove Fi eye
cdiahd ameal i co Fe 2 Oe, oo nl
_ge>———
Fes Here
Gntupifal ere -
i | re
\
Since. ire atom fs stable, Fe = Fe
ger mvt
AM GoR™ e =O
fod, QMMEY oF, electren—
ers me
artepe>
Z|
"
ANG
ow Kos fam
2 cee
a feeoh
= eet
eT Gore
pe of, elechun, Ve = Cee) CO)
AUG
Cae
Ve = eae
ntop +: Tefal tnercgy of Gleereon
E= Ke +e
SJ
= ete a<”
Fercaie * Capresse) ae x
me’ a we
Rae —
ry thes total eneepy ob eleofren fr the omlatp 6 megadive »
hence the. eetnen is bound te the postive mmalenss a
=] = a [2
x E onl
eg Rae ell Moki shader? =
CD BS Clecton Mevt around nutes < ft Conlinuontly jour FF
enchey thus Rutherford /s model bound to Spiral ousards
ruclens & Poll nto nucleng , so RuctherPprds atomic,
med Cnet be stable , THs Dhows Ruthempords model
hs net Copuecet ,
(2) Rujherferss medel Poss to explatn tne Line Spectra:
|
—_ oo
Bohn's Model oR Atom! — i
“The fows bask. powpulalis ay Bohres Medel ane — ° ”
() “The elecfeons servolve. oscound ae nuclert atom fn
cheeulox aebly. “The Con pipetal Feree. reespirced bey
electrons fore reewolulion i provided by clectroufalte fore
% attnmelion between electon & nuclens-
@ The eleetuon can rwolve fh thoae Cineulare onbrs
whith sogpilae. momentum 1s Tefen mutt ple 4, Von
wars Pi ee ms Da Ce- mvs Dh
2H
Waent (N 2 1,2;30--~ ) 4 it ied principal
epantam nunca wand this Gndifion 12 know
os Bobs's qrarlisatPon Condition -
(2 wale. mevolving fr Stable ore Statipentey Orcas.
the electrons do not readialE enenapy faspile omen
!
Ee
T
L
L
}
aceclercalton owandlt the Contre the Orbit «
The tecvolving eleetron emit tnengy fn the fore of, Ee ecrteomag
-niule, Waves BE ag it gumps from Kighen enenay ostit
Lower eningy orbit and cnurgy abavrh When eleetren jump
Brem Lowen energy osbitr to Wighen energy onbit
Lees
Fa
Dh
Bale,
Le]
token electron jwup Rrom ouher osbit +o Tuner OFT, Preqmency
ae Bors Theory of Hanan Atom + —
Ct) Radii of Boha's B4alFon Oarbit | — Ry
Consider, an electron wevdving around
Kn
the muclens fn dhe nth Stoctionany. )
Hee
ombit +
Gres thames on eleetron + ™
Mma mash electron. iz
Kna Kadima of nth ocbit ,
Z = number 4 povitive char. (on protons)
Vn = velodty of the election fr ame mth oubit
Now, Cninipeal fowu. = Van
*
Gechovnlte powru = I eee
“The Pecresany Contei petal Fore Ms Provided by el
-ttulfe. Rowe —
=
TAVn 1 eec
Hn AMSe
=
mye = Senay
4M Gon
PRL to Bohk, MVnitn nt whene
ee fase oe
Sepamrriney Cayn(jjy onde dividing beg earl) >
“ar”
i pt
4ecottn
Wishes for Top thoughts, Top day! i
28 3 y -
amin = th x LG en
a ae 27297...
te- LtALA, anenehore fallennny
orbits ant nol- exyprally spaad -
*
*
fou Nyjdaogen atom (2=0
«fen = (eke YW
eee ete]
(2) Nelocity fy eleeduon fo Bohr’ S4oLFonany orlott i —
“2 MVn Kn = Dh
zi
ok A fa) a de) ata
os Vn = nh
Qe thy
Vi = (ake nhy, mmerz
al Gah™ n>
a
24%_0h
Y= Ue eee 7
nA :
oe 2k eo
Vas ae g
[ew bo (To tlechon mover ak 0 ower pad 6
]
| tn Wighen onbils and vic. — vertin) ,
ef
“The Kinelte. enueay ah elecfecon Th nth cebit ta —
“i Total Creray of eleetaon fn nth orchit ie —
Ex = Knt+ Gy
zev af= ze*_'\
BNGe Ky ANG pin 7
Enm — Se"
Bon
xe
BIT eR,
ze mete
j Where he 142,3.....
x
i}
1
Ay
°
i
de len) oom dn! im len oan len] ob nl em oom le ob)
Wishes for Top thoughts, Top day! B= <18'6 2% ey
ne /
Thur as nm fneneastt (le— electron moves to Kirtan obit)
AN fora eneregy of the electron Fnenentes (i-€- total
eresca becomes [eee negelive) -
Fet Kyckogen atom —(2=1 )
tT [é, = ~13°% ey
fe Which means That the electun fe bound fo the notlens
& fe not Pree -fo lea. he aterm +
KH Total exnay electron tn Vartout — orbhidé 4 bgaroyen —
E,= - Da = Isb ev fot pitt “omit (nel)
fp =- 6 = -3.4ev Second ebb (=>)
@
== adh = —psSlev cthied ont (h= 3)
3
y
3
3
a
3
3
a Thins total energy of electron fn wtilfonary orbit: fe
3
a
a
a
7
deve SPECTRAL Segies of HYDROGEN ATOM :—
The whole hy dreagen sepeepeum can be. divided fnfo
disfinee ep of Lines 5 neh group Lines fs Called Speohal,
Series. Ter vom
The wavel ef, the Lins fn ‘tach group Can he
Caleutalid Prom Bole’ formule aa
she Ru fl ob)
4 Nae ng
Ww Lyman _SERTES ?
Thu Senies fs objatned when elec trons jump to Riret-
ewbit Cn =1) Prom oulie ovbits Chr=2,3,4 ----:)
THOT ON wl w
| &a ft , 3
i Lo tage fIORRS iy eB oon.
— Ths Series Les th the Ulfeavinlel- Hegion which
ee
@ Boimer cerrts:
The Senies ig Obfatned when efecfreons pump te Second
Orbit Chy=2) Boom oulic. ovbit (na Bays, ---~)
1
oe ee L
a * Lae op 5 When ny a Bye,
— This Sores og Les fn the vivible Speefeum +
00) my) mm @ om mM 3) PASCHEN SeRtes ?
EA MEN EN SERTES
This Sentes fs is Obfolned when eleofrcons Je7p p dope ;
ot bit Ch = 8) Brom oufere. Orbits Cnr= 495,6,----)
i = Ra
a == aS Where Hes 4%S,6
This Sefer Lies in tho In Prearced eegion ’
i (4) Brackett Series! —
ThL Seseies fg Obtained When elec-feons qump to fourt,
j Cwbit Cni=4) 2Kom oulin Owbils (nos S)6,9,----- |
4 ak
Ff hint. Ore Sy leit ---ee
Thin Serie, Les fn tho InPrarced Heaion . ©) _Pfund Sepies —
Th Sepefes Ts Obtained When electrons Jemp te hibth
ovbit (mn, = 5) $70m outer ovbils C025 €6,7,8,-- 7
a ! !
= ef ees oe
“] s* at Where, h. = 6,9,8
This Senies also Lies fn Inpearced teagion .
omin eimai km ow ie le
