NASSER S AL HAJRI CORP AR RAZI PLANT V METHANOL PROJECT ES OLESTIONS AND ANSWER SAFETY STANDARDS. HELMET -Z-89.1: 1981 (ANSI) = 5240 (BS) ‘ SAFETYGLASS -Z-87.1: 1968 (ANSI) * 2092 (BS) ‘© SAFETY HARNESS - Z-359.1 & Z10.14 (ANSI) * 1397 (BS) ‘ SAFETYSHOES -Z-41.1 1967 (ANSI) RESPIRATOR — -Z- 88.2. 1992 (ANSI) + Safety on scaffolding-A-10.4 1988. (ANSI) 1 What is Work Method statement? ‘Ans- It is the document submitted by contractor to client, covering the general work procedure of a particular job in a safe manner as per required standard. 2 What is the use of W.M.S.? Ans- We can plan and execute the work easily and safely. It also helps to know the Codes and Standards used for each activity. 3 What is JSA and what is its use? Ans- Job Safety Analysis is the step by step analysis of a job to determine the safe working procedure, It includes the following steps. a) Watch the job being done b) Break the job down into steps ©) Describe the hazards in each step of task d) Identify the desired control measures and e) Implement these counter measures in the job execution. 4 What is Work Permit? Ans- Work permit is the written document authorizing a person or a group to perform ‘maintenance, inspection or construction work, 5 What is a confined space? Ans- Any space having a limited means of access and egress, which subject to the hazards like deficiency of oxygen, toxic or flammable gases or substances, dust etc. 6 —_ In what circumstances a confined space work permit can be issued? Ans- If properly ventilated, gas test readings are satisfactory. properly barricaded and warning signs are posted, trained stand by man is present with log sheet, sufficient lighting and low voltage electricity (24V — 110V), proper means of communication, locked and tagged out if necessary, lifeline and man retrieval system if necessary, etc. 7 Whois a confined space attendant? Ans- He is one who is aware of the confined space hazards and know how to react if any thing ‘goes wrong, able to maintain confined space entry log sheet, etc 8 What are the hazards in a confined space? Ans- Oxygen deficiency or enrichment, presence of toxic or flammable gases, chemical hazard, fire hazard, fall of materials, fall hazard, electrocution, dust, sound, heat or cold, caught in between moving parts of equipments, engulfment etc 9 What are the duties of'a confined space attendant? Ans- He is responsible for the safety of entrants, Should be present whenever people are working in confined space, Maintain updated entry log sheet, Maintain continuous communication with SAFETY FIRST 1 KEEP THIS TILL ENDNASSER S AL HAJRI CORP R RAZ [ETHANOL PROJECT HSES OLESTIONS AND ANSWERS entrants and monitor conditions in the confined space to ensure a safe working atmosphere, Prevent unauthorized entry of personnel, Initiate alarm for help if needed, Evacuate the entrants if conditions are not satisfying or in case of any general evacuation is initiated, Contact rescue personnel if necessary. ete. 10 Give some examples of a confined space? Ans- Pipes, Vessels, Tanks, Boilers and Tube areas, Silos, Trenches and excavations deeper than 4 feet, Sludge pits, Duct works, etc. 11 Name one hazardous job in a confined space? Ans- Welding, Grinding, Chemical cleaning, Use of gas cutting set, Erection of materials, 12 Who is a competent person? Ans- Is one who is properly trained and authorized to perform a specific work in a safe manner. “Competent” person: one who is capable of identifying existing & predictable hazards & who has authority to make prompt corrective actions 13 What is an accident? Ans- An accident is an uncontrolled event that results in undesirable consequences to personnel (injury / illness) or the assets (damage / loss) or to the environment. 14 What is a near miss? Ans- A potential hazard, which has not yet caused an accident or An occurrence that did not result in but have the potential to result in undesirable consequences to personnel (illness/ injury) and / or to the assets (damage/ loss) or to the neighboring community and environment. 15 Who makes an accident report? ‘Ans- Concemed area supervisor or site safety representative 16 Who makes an accident investigation report? Ans- A team of front line supervisor, HSE manager, Sub- Contractor representative if sub- contractor personnel are injured, High officials- depending upon the severity of accident. W7 ‘What is the use of an accident investigation report? ‘Ans- To find out root cause of the accident, make recommendations to prevent re-ocourrence and ‘evaluate the effectiveness of emergency response. 18 What is waste management? Ans- waste management means safely disposing the by-product of a process or a work to the environment (after proper treatment, if necessary) so that no threat for livings, properties and environment exist. 19 What is MSDS? Ans- Material Safety Data Sheet is the document prepared by the manufacturer giving- Product name, Producer's address, Emergency contact phone number, Information of ingredients, Possible hazards, First-Aid measures, Precautions to be taken for storage and handling {recommended PPEs, extinguishers), Physical and Chemical properties, etc. 20 What is an Isotope? Ans- Isotope means one or more species of atoms having same atomic number but different mass number, Isotopes can be stable or unstable. Radioactive isotopes are unstable substances, which emits heavy particles (alpha and beta) and higher energy electromagnetic waves (Gama) from their nucleus by decay. 21 Why isan Isotope hazardous? SAFETY FIRST a KEEP THIS TILL ENDNASSER S AL HAJRI CORP AR RAZI PLANT V METHANOL PROJECT HISES QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS Ans- Isotopes are hazardous because it emits uncontrolled energy in the form of radio active ‘waves which is hazardous to all living thing as it can destroy the its living tissues that causes fatality or can convert it in to cancer. 22 Whats Radio activity? Ans- Radio activity is the spontaneous disintegration of atomic nuclei. The nucleus emits ALPHA particles, BETA particles, or GAMA rays (electromagnetic rays) during this process. 23 What is the unit for measuring radiation? ‘Ans- Micro Sivert or milli- Rem. 24 In what condition a work permit can be issued for Radiography? ‘Ans- The controlled area is calculated, evacuated and barricaded with Yellow / Black tapes, ‘waming signs (a minimum of 4 no.s), and Red or Yellow flash lights. 25. What are the safety measures to be taken while doing Radiography? ‘Ans- Ensure a competent person is surveying outside the barricaded area with survey meter. The crew is authorized and following safety precautions. The controlled area is calculated, evacuated and barricaded with Yellow / Black tapes, warning signs (a minimum of 4 nos), and Red or Yellow flash lights 26 What is the controlled area? Ans- Any area where the radiation dose is more than 0.75 mRem/h (7.5 micro sivert, 27 What is a Gieger meter? Ans- It is the instrument used to measure the radiation dose (Radiation survey meter). 28 What is the use of a film badge? Ans- This badge is wom by the personnel, who is exposed to radiation due their nature of duty and this is processed to calculate the received radiation dose of a person during the period (normally 1 month) of exposure. 29 What is a decay chart? Ans- It is the chart showing the change in radioactivity of an Isotope by losing mass by decay in certain period, at regular interval of time. 30 Who is an authorized exposed person? ‘Ans- He is one who got formal training in the use of sealed source and X- ray equipment used in industrial radiography. 31 What are the requirements of a man basket? ‘Ans- It should be designed and fabricated according to standards, have third party certificate, two guide ropes, damage free lifting gears, the load bearing capacity should be written on man basket, shackles with cotter pin only to be used. 32 Howare slings inspected? Ans- All sling must be inspected before every use and periodically It should be inspected thoroughly and shalll be rejected, if found wear of one third the original outside diameter of outside individual wires, Severe corrosion, Distortion (kinking, crushing, bird-caging...), Broken wires (a maximum of 10 randomly distributed broken wires in one rope lay or 5 broken wires in one strand in one rope lay }, Heat damage (loss of intemal lubricant by over heat exposure),Pulled eye splices (any evidence that eye splices have been slipped, sleeves damaged...) Deformation of wires and strands or pushed out of their original position and SAFETY FIRST am KEEP THIS TILL ENDNASSER S AL HAJRI CORP AR RAZI PLANT V METHANOL PROJECT HSES QUESTIONS AND AN: the sling should be clean from dirt and rust. Before use the slings has to be colour coded as per the month colour code 33. Whatare the requirements for a crane lifting? Ans- Crane positioned on firm and level ground with wood pads and steel plates, Outriggers are fully extended, Tires are off ground, Certified operator and rigger are available, Safe Load Indicator is working, The check list is filled by competent person, Crane has valid inspection sticker, insurance and third party certificate, The load’s weight is confirmed and is within the safe working limit of the crane, Safety devices are not bypassed, The swing arm radius is barricaded and unauthorized persons are evacuated, The lifting tools are free from defects, Pads are used to protect the slings from load and vice-versa, Wind speed is less than 32kmV/hour, Approved lifting plan is available for critical lifis, permit for the activity is obtained crane operator's and rigger’s vision is not obstructed , the load is well balanced and tag lines are used to contro! the weight etc. 34 What is working radius? Ans- It is the maximum distance where the crane boom has to reach for lifting or lowering the load 35 What is SWL? Ans- Safe Working Load is the maximum load that can be applied to the lifting tool, safely 36 Whatisa lifting plan? Ans- It is the document prepared for planning a critical lift by calculating and considering all factors which is going to effect the lift and there by selecting the correct tools and cranes and ensure the safe lifting procedure to be followed for the particular lift, giving details such as the size and weight of the object to be lifted, which crane is used for lifting and what the safety factor is, where the crane is positioned, from where the load is lifted, where it is fitted, size and $WL of each lifting tool used. JS and Load-chart are attached with it. 37 What is a excavation? Ans- A man made cut, cavity, trench or depression formed by earth removal 38 Whatis trench? Ans- A narrow excavation, where the depth is greater than width. 39 What is shoring? Ans- A structure that supports the sides of an excavation and protects against cave-ins. 40 What is the difference between a flash-back arrestor and a check valve? Ans- A check valve allows flow in one direction only. This prevents oxygen reaching acetylene cylinder and acetylene reaching oxygen cylinder in the event of blockage in the torch or line or pressure variations, But a flash-back arrestor prevents reverse flow, stops the flow of flame from reaching the cylinder in the event of flash back or the temperature exceeds a limit (220 deg F). 41" Whatare the classes of fire and what type of extinguishers are used for them? ‘Ans- Class A: Ordinary combustible materials E.g.:-Paper, Wood, Cloth, Plastic, Rubber Extinguisher- Water, DCP, Foam, CO2, Halon. Class B: Combustible liquids and gases Eg.:-Gasoline, Diesel, Oil, Grease, Oil based paint, Tar. Extinguisher- CO2, Foam, DCP. SAFETY FIRST. Vv KEEP THIS TILL ENDNASSER S AL HAJRI CORP AR RAZI PLANT V METHANOL PROJECT LISES QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS Class C : Energized electrical equipment Extinguisher.- DCP, FM-200, Halon, Carbon dioxide. Class D : Combustible metals E.g.:- Magnesium, Potassium, Zinc, Calcium, Sodium, Titanium... Extinguisher- Metal X-type, Combustible metal type. 42 What are the responsibilities of a Fire-watch? Ans- Fire watch is a person designed to identify and eliminate fire hazards, alert and extinguish fire incase of any out break of fire and to protect the person and properties from a fire. He is, the man to react first in case of fire by keeping a close watch on such hazardous areas. 43. What is color coding system? Ans- This is the system followed to inspect and ensure the serviceability of tools, equipments periodically (normally it is monthly) like Fire- extinguishers, full body hamess, lifting gears, electrical codes and cables, power tools, etc. These things are inspected by competent person and are indicated by putting the colour of particular month (this colour is decided in advance and is being followed by all people at particular site). The items which are found defective or unserviceable will not be colour coded and has to be removed from service. 44 Who can color code? Ans- Competent person 45 What is the maximum distance between two adjacent accesses in a long excavation? Ans- A ladder must be present within 25 feet, of employees working in excavation In open excavation - At every 30m on the perimeter, if less than 12m deep. ~ At every 7.5m on the perimeter, if more than 1.2m deep. 46 When is an excavation considered as a confined space? Ams- If depth is more than 1.2m, 47 Who can erect a scaffolding? Ans- Certified scaffolder. 48 Who can inspect the components used for erecting a scaffold? Ans- A competent and Certified scaffolding supervisor. 49 What is a Tag system? Ans- A tag is put on scaffolding, by a competent person, indicating the present condition whether it can be used and whether fall protection needed or not. Red tag: Do not use (Is being erected or dismantled) ‘Yellow tag : Can use with 100% fall protection (Is incomplete or cannot be completed ) Green tag. : Safe to use (Scaffolding is complete) 50 Who can place a scaffold tag? ‘Ans- Competent person. [ Scaffolding supervisor]. 31 What are the details in a scaffold tag? Ans- Location, Maximum loading capacity (kN/m2 or psf), Date erected and date inspected with Foreman’s name and signature 52 52 _In which conditions a scaffold cannot be erected? Ans- Extreme weather(strong wind, rain, ice), ground not stable, safe clearance (minimum 10 feet) can’t be maintained with live wire, certified workers and supervisor are not available, Permit not available, 53 What is the minimum overlapping of two adjacent planks in a scaffold platform? SAFETY FIRST v KEEP THIS TILL ENDNASSER S$ AL HAJRI CORP AR RAZI PLANT V METHANOL PROJECT HSES QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS Ans Not less than 12 inches 54 What is a Guard rail system? Ans A barrier consisting of toprails midrails, toe boards and vertical uprights erected to prevent men and materials falling from an elevated work area. 55 Whatis a toe-board? ‘Ans- Barrier secured along the sides and ends of a platform to guard against falling of materials, tools, and other objects 56 What is the minimum height ofa toe-board? Ans- 4 inches. 57 Whats the height of the top-rail from the platform? Ans- 38 to 45 inches. 58 _ What are the requirements in placing an access ladder on a scaffold? ‘Ans- Provide access when scaffold platforms are more than 2 feet above or below a point of access, When using ladders, bottom rung must not be more then 24 inches high. Ladder to be at the correct angle (iel feet out for every 4 feet in height), Ladders are to be tied at both sides not by the rungs. Make sure the ladder extends a safe distance (at lest 90 em) above the landing stage. When the horizontal travel distance exceeds 15 Mirs provide at least two accesses. If the platform is longer, access shall be provided at every 30 Meters. The ladders should be free from damage and should be colour coded. All access ladders must be tagged. 59 In what circumstances fall protection system has to be used? Ans- Ifa person could fall more than 1.8 Mtrs then a fall protection system should be used. E.g.- Any activity at an elevation more than 1.8 meters such as erection , dismantling or maintenance of scaffolding, pipes, equipments, 60 What is the minimum width required for a walk-way? Ans- Minimum width ofa walk way is 18” 61 What materials can be placed on a scaffold platform? ‘Ans- All types of construction materials which is used for particular construction activity can be kept on scaffolding platform but before keeping the materials and tools required for the work on the platform, we must ensure load bearing capacity of that scaffolding platform. The platform shall not be overloaded and shall be fitted with falling object protection system like toe board, nets etc. 62 What are the requirements for working on a moving scaffold? Ans- Mobile scaffolding shall be plumb, level and square. It shall only be used and moved on surfaces sufficiently firm and level to ensure stability. It shall be moved only by manually pushing or pulling the base. No men, equipment, or materials shall be on the working platform or elsewhere on the scaffolding while it is in motion, Castors shall be locked at all times except during scaffold movement. The temporary foundation or track set on uneven ground for scaffold movement shall be level and properly secured. The height of the working platform shall not exceed 4 times of the minimum base dimension. If it exceeds this limit outriggers must be installed. A complete guard rail system must be provided. The scaffolding shall be inspected and tagged before use by a competent person. SAFETY FIRST vi KEEP THIS TILL ENDNASSER S AL HAJRI CORP AR RAZI PLANT V METHANOL PROJECT HSES QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 63 When should we inspect a scaffold? ‘Ans- A scaffolding shall be inspected and tagged after completing erection... Also before each work period or where they are altered, adjusted or subjected to rain or heavy winds. ‘Thereafter the scaffolding shall be examined at lest once in every seven days, 64 With what color a ladder can be painted? Ans- Aluminum ladders and wooden ladders shall not be painted. 65 Whats a life-tine? Ans- Life line is component that consists ofa flexible line that connects to an anchorage at one end to hang vertically or that connects to anchorages at both ends to stretch horizontally and which serves as a method to connect other component of a personnel fall arrest system to the anchorage 66, How can we calculate the safe anchorage of life-line? Ans- When life line is used they shall be fastened to fixed safe points of anchorage capable of supporting 2300 Kgs shall be independent , and shall be protected from sharp edges and abrasion. Saf anchorage points may include structural members (minimum 4” structural member or 4” pipes) but do not include guard rails, vents, other small dia piping systems, electrical conduit, outrigger beams or counter weights. It shall be maid from 10 mm dia wire ropes. Horizontal lifelines shall be installed at the highest feasible point, preferably above shoulder height. This life lines shall be maintained with unloaded sag at the centre no greater than 30cm (12 Inch) for every 10 Mtrs of lifeline length between attachment points, 67 What is Lock-out / Tag-out system? ‘Ans- For servicing or maintenance of live equipments or pipe lines, where the unexpected energizing or release of energy could cause injury, lock and tag are placed on the isolating, device to avoid uncontrolled operation and give details of the lock-out schedule. 68 Expand the following:- STARRT: - Safety Task and Risk Reduction Talk COSHH: - Control of substance Hazardous to Health OSHA: - Occupational Safety and Health Administration, OHSAS: - Occupational Health and Safety Assessment Series. ELCB: - Earth Leakage Circuit Breaker FCI: - Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter. BS:-British Standards Institut. SWL: - Safe Working Load. ANSI:-American National Standards Institute. LTT: - Lost Time Incident. ASTM:-American Society for Testing and Materials. JSA- Job Safety Analysis LEL-Lower Explosive Limit UEL- Upper Explosive Limit PEL- Permissible Exposure Limit REL- Recommended Exposure Limit PSI- Pounds/Square Inch (1 Bar= 14.7 PSI) STEL- Short Term Exposure Limit SAFETY FIRST vil KEEP THIS TILL ENDNASSER S$ AL HAJRI CORP AR RAZI PLANT V METHANOL PROJECT a HSES QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WBGT- Wet Bulb Globe Temperature APR- Air Purifying Respirator ASR- Air Supplying Respirator SCBA- Self Contained Breathing Apparatus RSO- Radiation Safety Officer NFPA-- National Fire Protection Association 69 Whatis the importance ofa Tool-box meeting? ‘Ans- The workers can be educated about safe work rules and procedures, and their awareness can be improved on some special task. 70 Whatiis an Emergency Evacuation Plan? Ans- It is the procedure to provide concise guidelines for evacuation in case of some emergencies and to identify the emergencies in advance. This also helps us to plan and to define roles and responsibilities of all building custodian, fire wardens and occupants. 71 Whatis a Hydro-Test? Ans- It is the test carried out for leak test for pipes, equipments ete by filling water in these equipments and pipes with some pressure and its joints and connections are checked for any leak or breakage. 72 What is a Hipot-Test? Ans- It is the insulation leakage test done for high voltage electrical cables, with high voltage megger. 73 What are the safety requirements for doing a hot work? Ans- a) Remove all combustible materials from the area (with in 10m), if possible. b) Use fire blanket to protect immovable combustible materials and also for welding slugs. ©) Cover the area with fire blanket for containment of sparks generated while doing hot work. 4) Provide proper fire extinguisher in sufficient numbers. ¢) Appoint a fire-watch with red jacket, iffnecessary. 4) Barricade the area and post proper signage, 8) Use of proper PPE and damage free tools and equipments. 2) Obtain a valid hot-work permit h) Conduct gas test if presence of combustible gases expected prior to work 74 What are the benefits of near-miss reporting? Ans- To make analysis of the incident, in order to avoid re-occurrence. To rectify the causes of those near misses before it tums into accidents To identify the deficiencies of site safety performances and find remedial actions. ‘To improve safety performances by reducing LTAs, incidents and near misses. 75 What is a risk assessment? ‘Ans- Risk assessment is a method of estimating the rate of risk of an activity, by classifying actual and potential consequences and finding out mitigating actions to limit that risk 76 In what situation Ear protection is needed? Ans- In areas, where sound pollution is more than 85 dBA 77 What is the emergency evacuation procedure to follow in the event of a gas release? Ans- Don’t get panic on hearing alarm. ‘Switch off all the equipments and energized cireuits SAFETY FIRST Vill KEEP THIS TILL ENDNASSER S$ AL HAJRI CORP AR RAZI PLANT V METHANOL PROJEC HSES QUESTIONS SWERS Observe the direction of wind flow, proceed out in the cross wind direction to the plant boundary fence and then proceed up wind. Obey further instructions from emergency response team, Resume work afler getting clearance only. 78 What is an “Assembly Muster Point”? ‘Ans- The area determined and marked, for assembly of people working the area in case of any emergency. 79 What is meant by “Head Counting”? What is its purpose? ‘Ans- On hearing emergency alarm, all persons have to assemble in “Assembly Muster Point” “There area supervisor will call his workers with attendance sheet and confirm that nobody is trapped in the site. This procedure is called head counting. Its purpose is to ensure all ‘workers are present in the assembly area, they are safely evacuated and identify the person if any body is trapped and take necessary actions to rescue these trapped workers 80 What is Heat Stroke? What are the different stages through which a person undergoes before he gets Heat stroke? ‘Ans- During hot days, due to dehydration, body temperature increases beyond safe limit, because ‘of break down of body's heat regulating mechanism. Due to this the person collapses and if not taken care off he can even die. This is called heat stroke Generally pulse rises 20 beats per minute for each Idegree C rise in temperature, ‘Heat cramps: Exercising in hot weather can lead to muscle cramps, because of brief imbalances in body salt ‘Heat exhaustion: Further losing of fluid and salt can lead to dizziness and weakness. Body temperature may rise up to 102 deg F. Heat stroke: In some cases, extreme heat can upset body's thermostat, causing body temperature to rise to 105 deg. F or higher. Symptoms are lethargy, confusion and unconsciousness. Heat stroke can kill. 81 Howis the soil classified? What is the slope to be given for each type of soil while excavating? Ans- The following is a short explanation of soil classifications. You should check the standard for detailed information regarding classifying soils. ‘Type A soils a. cohesive soils that have an unconfined compressive strength of 1.5 tsf or greater b. eg, olay, silty clay, sandy clay & clay loam ‘Type A soils cannot have or be subjected to the following: c) fissures 4. subjection to vibration from heavy traffic, pile driving or similar conditions e. been previously disturbed for if it has been subjected to other factors that would change its’ classification Type B soils ‘cohesive soils that have an unconfined compressive strength greater than 0.5 tsf but less than 1.5 ts? h. eg, angular gravel, silt, silt loam, sandy loam and previously disrobed soils except those which would be classified as Type C soil ‘Type B soils (cont.) SAFETY FIRST Ix KEEP THIS TILL ENDNASSER § AL HAJRI AR RAZI PLANT V METHANOL HISES QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS i, also includes soils that meet some of the requirements of Type A soils but is fissured o subject to vibration; or dry rock that is not stable Type C soils J. cohesive soils with an unconfined compressive strenath of 0.5 tsfor less K. eg, granular soils including gravel, sand and loamy sand 1. also submerged soil or soil from which water is freely seeping or submerged rock that is not stable Stable rock ‘m. a natural solid mineral material that can be excavated with vertical sides and will remain intact while exposed Maximum allowable slopes 1 stable rock: vertical (90 deg) ©. type A; 3/4:1 (53 deg) * p. type B: 1:1 (45 deg) q. type C: 1 1/2:1 (34 deg) * 1/2:1 (63 deg) slope is allowed for only short term excavations that are 12-feet deep or less 82 Whatare the precautions to be taken while handling and storing compressed oylinders? 1) Where cylinders are to be kept for an appreciable length of time, facilities should be provided to ensure that they cause no hazard to workers or public in the area 2) Cylinders should be stored in a well ventilated area - preferably in open air but protected from the weather. 3) The store should be away from fire risks and sources of heat and ignition. Nothing else should be stored in the area, 4) The cylinders should be stored upright on a firm, level, well drained surface free from hollows and cavities. All long grass, weeds ete. should be removed, 5) Cylinders should be secured so as they are prevented from falling over, when in storage or use. 6) Cylinders should be segregated within the store according to type and whether full or empty. 7) Oxygen and oxidising gases should be separated from flammable gases by 6m or by a fire resistant partition 8) No electrical apparatus should be installed within a cylinder store unless it is constructed toa suitable standard for the hazard, 9) No cylinder should be used in a storage area. 10) Appropriate waming signs "HIGHLY FLAMMABLE", "NO SMOKING", “FULL/EMPTY" ete. should be displayed. SAFETY FIRST x KEEP THIS TILL ENDNASSER S AL HAJRI CORP AR RAZI PLANT V METHANOL PROJECT HSES QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 11)Suitable fire fighting apparatus should be situated adjacent to the store, Typically dry powder fire extinguishers. These should be inspected and maintained at intervals not exceeding | year. 12) Where cylinders are required to be stored in a compound this should be located not less. than 3m from any building, site or public access road. The compound fences should be a ‘minimum of 2m high, and it should have two means of escape, with the gates opening outwards. 13) Where it is necessary to take precautions against vandalism or theft, suitable protection cages should be used. 14)Each cylinder should be adequately marked to include the manufacturer's mark and serial number, together with an indication of the specification to which the cylinder is constructed and its year of manufacture. A date of test and pressure test, together with weight of cylinder and the name of the product, should be displayed. When gas cylinders are to be transported they should be protected from physical damage and the consequences of any leaks that may occur minimised. Move cylinders by hand in proper cylinder trolleys where the cylinder is secured in the trolley. ‘Take great care when lifting cylinders as they can be very heavy and awkward to handle. Before moving any cylinders remove all attached equipment including regulators and safety cap must be provided. The cylinders should be properly supported and secured within the vehicle so they cannot move during the journey. They should be totally within the vehicle and protected from impact. ‘The cylinders should be checked to ensure that the valves are closed and there are no leaks. The vehicle should be equipped with a suitable fire extinguisher. Typically dry powder, minimum capacity 2k. ‘There should be no smoking within the vehicle while carrying cylinders. ‘The driver of the vehicle should be conversant with the load and have written information on the hazards and the action to be taken should any problems occur. The driver should also have training in the operation of the fire extinguisher and any other safety equipment carried. 83 What are type of extinguishers commonly used and briefly explain each one? ‘Ans- Multipuspose dry chemical, carbon dioxide, halon, wet chemical or foam, pressurized water are the commonly used fire extinguishers Multipurpose dry chemical Iclass “A", “B", or “C” firos2.5-20 Ib. dry chemical (ammonium phosphate) pressurized to 10.6-18 bar by CO2 gas (8-25 seconds dischargo timo).Has pressure gauge to allow visual capacity check.5-20 ft maximum effective range-Extinguishes by smothering buming ‘materials, SAFETY FIRST xT KEEP THIS TILL ENDNASSER $ AL HAJRI CORP AR RAZI PLANT V METHANOL PROJEC HSES QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS Class “B" or “C” fires.2.5-100 Ib. of CO2 gas at 150-200 psi (8-30 seconds discharge time). Has NO pressure gauge-capacity verified by weight3.8 maximum effective ange. Extinguishes by smothering burning materials.Effectiveness decreases as temperature of buming ‘material increases. halon Class “A”, “B", or “C" fires (smaller sizes ineffective against Class “A").9-17 lb. Halon 1211 (pressurized liquid) teleased as vapor (8-18 seconds discharge time).Has pressure gauge to allow visual capacity ccheck.9.46 ft. maximum effective range.Works best in confined areaIdeal for electronics fire due to lack of residue.Extinguishes by smothering burning materials.Fumes toxic if inhaled.Halon is ozone depleting cchemical-production halted in Jan ‘94. wet chemical or foam Class “A”, “BY.” fires. 1.5 gal. of stored pressure PRX wet chemical extinguishing agent (40 sec. discharge’ time)0-12 ft. maximum effective range.On Class “K” fires, don't use until after fixed extinguishing system has activated.Extinguishes by cooling and forming foam blanket to prevent reignition. SAFETY FIRST xO KEEP THIS TILL END