Table 1
Major Zoonotic Diseases, their etiological agents, hosts, and the major symptoms in humans.
                                                                                   Major Symptoms, System or
Disease                     Etiology                 Animal Host
                                                                                   Organs Involved
Bacterial zoonoses
                                                       Cattle, horses, sheep,
                                                      pigs, dogs, bison, elks,      Skin, respiratory organs, or GI
             Anthrax          Bacillus anthracis
                                                      white-tailed deer, goats,                  tract
                                                             and mink
                            Mycobacterium bovis,
                               Mycobacterium         Cattle, sheep, swine, deer,
           Tuberculosis            caprae,            wild boars, camels, and      Respiratory organs bone marrow
                               Mycobacterium                  bison
                                   microti
                              Brucella abortus
                                                                                       Fever, usually high in the
                             Brucella melitensis,    Cattle, goats, sheep, pigs,
            Brucellosis                                                            afternoon, back pain, joint pain,
                                Brucella suis,                and dogs
                                                                                    poor appetite, and weight loss
                               Brucella canis,
                                                     Rock squirrels, wood rats,
                                                                                    Fever, chills, abdominal pain,
                                                      ground squirrels, prairie
          Bubonic plague        Yersinia pestis                                    diarrhea, vomiting, and bleeding
                                                        dogs, mice, voles,
                                                                                         from natural opening
                                                      chipmunks, and rabbits
                                                                                    Fever, sweating, muscle aches,
                                                       Horses, donkeys, and
             Glanders        Burkholderia mallei                                   chest pain, muscle tightness, and
                                                              mules
                                                                                              headache
                                                     Monkeys, rats, mice, and
             Leprosy        Mycobacterium leprae                                             Skin lesions
                                                              cats
                                                        Wild and domestic
                                                                                   Fever, abdominal pain, jaundice,
           Leptospirosis    Leptospira interrogans     animals including pet
                                                                                             and red eye
                                                                dogs
                                                         Rabbits, squirrels,
                                                      muskrats, deer, sheep,         Joint pain, diarrhea, and dry
            Tularemia       Francisella tularensis
                                                     bull snakes, wild rodents,                  cough
                                                      beavers, cats, and dogs
                             Arcobacter butzleri,
                                 Arcobacter           Cattle, sheep, pigs, and       Abdominal pain, fever, and
    Arcobacter infections
                                cryaerophilus,                chickens                      vomiting
                             Arcobacter skirrowii
                                                       Cattle, sheep, horses,
                                                                                    Swelling of lymph nodes, soft
          Actinomycosis       Actinomyces bovis        pigs, dogs, and other
                                                                                      tissues, skin, and abscess
                                                             mammals
                                  Bordetella
           Bordetellosis                                   Cats and dogs                 Respiratory problem