2.

Biological Classification

2.1 Introduction
1. Five kingdom system of classification suggested
by R.H. Whittaker is not based on
(a) presence or absence of a well defined nucleus
(b) mode of reproduction
(c) mode of nutrition
(d) complexity of body organisation.
(2014)
2. Maximum nutritional diversity is found in the
group
(a) fungi (b) animalia
(c) monera (d) plantae (2012)
3. In the five kingdom classification,
Chlamydomonas and Chlorella have been
included in (Mains 2012)
(a) protista (b) algae
(c) plantae (d) monera.
4. In which kingdom would you classify the
archaea and nitrogen–fixing organisms, if the
five kingdom system of classification is used?
(a) Plantae (b) Fungi
(c) Protista (d) Monera (2003)
5. In five kingdom system, the main basis of
classification is
(a) structure of nucleus
(b) mode of nutrition
(c) structure of cell wall
(d) asexual reproduction. (2002)
6. In the five kingdom system of classification,
which single kingdom out of the following can
include blue–green algae, nitrogen fixing
bacteria and methanogenic archaebacteria?
(a) Plantae (b) Protista
(c) Monera (d) Fungi (1998)
7. BGA (blue green algae) are included in which of
the following groups? (1996)
(a) Bryophytes (b) Prokaryotes
(c) Protista (d) Fungi
8. An important criterion for modern day
classification is
(a) resemblances in morphology
(b) anatomical and physiological traits
(c) breeding habits
(d) presence or absence of notochord. (1991)
2.2 Kingdom Monera
9. Match the organisms in column–I with habitats
in column–II.
Column – I Column–II
A. Halophiles (i) Hot springs
B. Thermoacidophiles (ii) Aquatic
Environment
 C. Methanogens (iii) Guts of ruminants
D. Cyanobacteria (iv) Salty area
Select the correct answer from the options given
below. (Odisha NEET 2019)
(a) A–(iv), B– (i), C– (iii), D– (ii)
(b) A– (i), B– (ii), C– (iii), D– (iv)
(c) A– (iii), B–(iv), C–(ii), D–(i)
(d) A–(ii), B– (iv), C– (iii), D– (i)
10. Which of the following are found in extreme
saline conditions? (NEET 2017)
(a) Eubacteria (b) Cyanobacteria
(c) Mycobacteria (d) Archaebacteria
11. Which among the following are the smallest
living cells, known without a definite cell wall,
pathogenic to plants as well as animals and can
survive without oxygen? (NEET 2017)
(a) Pseudomonas (b) Mycoplasma
(c) Nostoc (d) Bacillus
12. Which of the following components provides
sticky character to the bacterial cell?
(NEET 2017)
(a) Nuclear membrane (b) Plasma membrane
(c) Glycocalyx (d) Cell wall
13. DNA replication in bacteria occurs (NEET 2017)
(a) within nucleolus
(b) prior to fission
(c) just before transcription
(d) during S phase.
14. Methanogens belong to (NEET–II 2016)
(a) eubacteria (b) archaebacteria
(c) dinoflagellates (d) slime moulds.
15. The primitive prokaryotes responsible for the
production of biogas from the dung of ruminant
animals, include the (NEET–I 2016)
(a) methanogens (b) eubacteria
(c) halophiles (d) thermoacidophiles.
16. Archaebacteria differ from eubacteria in
(a) cell membrane structure
(b) mode of nutrition
(c) cell shape
(d) mode of reproduction. (2014)
17. Which of the following are likely to be present in
deep sea water? (NEET 2013)
(a) Blue–green algae (b)Saprophytic fungi
(c) Archaebacteria (d) Eubacteria
18. Pigment containing membranous extensions in
some cyanobacteria are (NEET 2013)
(a) pneumatophores (b) chromatophores
(c) heterocysts (d) basal bodies.
19. The cyanobacteria are also referred to as
(a) protists (b) golden algae
(c) slime moulds (d) blue green algae.
(2012)
20. The most abundant prokaryotes helpful to
humans in making curd from milk and in
production of antibiotics are the ones
categorized as
(a) cyanobacteria
(b) archaebacteria
(c) chemosynthetic autotrophs
(d) heterotrophic bacteria. (2012)
21. In eubacteria, a cellular component that
resembles eukaryotic cell is
(a) plasma membrane (b) nucleus
(c) ribosomes (d) cell wall (2011)
22. Some hyperthermophilic organisms that grow in
highly acidic (pH 2) habitats belong to the two
groups
(a) eubacteria and archaea
(b) cyanobacteria and diatoms
(c) protists and mosses
(d) liverworts and yeasts. (2010)
23. Select the correct combination of the statements
(i–iv) regarding the characteristics of certain
organisms. (Mains 2010)
(i) Methanogens are archaebacteria which
produce methane in marshy areas.
(ii) Nostoc is a filamentous blue–green alga
which fixes atmospheric nitrogen.
(iii) Chemosynthetic autotrophic bacteria
synthesize cellulose from glucose.
(iv) Mycoplasma lack a cell wall and can survive
without oxygen.
The correct statements are
(a) (ii) and (iii) (b) (i), (ii) and (iii)
(c) (ii), (iii) and (iv) (d) (i), (ii) and (iv).
24. Bacterial leaf blight of rice is caused by a species
(2008)
(a) Alternaria (b) Erwinia
(c) Xanthomonas (d) Pseudomonas.
25. Thermococcus, Methanococcus and Methano –
bacterium exemplify
(2008)
(a) bacteria whose DNA is relaxed or positively
supercoiled but which have a cytoskeleton as
well as mitochondria
(b) bacteria that contain a cytoskeleton and
ribosomes
(c) archaebacteria that contain protein
homologous to eukaryotic core histones
(d) archaebacteria that lack any histones
resembling those found in eukaryotes but whose
DNA is negatively supercoiled.
26. In the light of recent classification of living
organisms into three domains of life (bacteria,
archaea and eukarya), which one of the
following statements is true about archaea?
(2008)
 (a) Archaea completely differ from both
prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
(b) Archaea completely differ from prokaryotes.
(c) Archaea resemble eukarya in all respects.
(d) Archaea have some novel features that are
absent in other prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
27. Which one of the following statements about
mycoplasma is wrong ?
(a) They are pleomorphic.
(b) They are sensitive to penicillin.
(c) They cause diseases in plants.
(d) They are also called PPLO.
(2007)
28. Curing of tea leaves is brought about by the
activity of
(2006)
(a) fungi (b) bacteria
(c) mycorrhiza (d) viruses.
29. All of the following statements concerning the
actinomycetous filamentous soil bacterium
Frankia are correct except that Frankia
(a) can induce root nodules on many plant
species
(b) can fix nitrogen in the free–living state
(c) cannot fix specialized vesicles in which the
nitrogenase is protected from oxygen by a
chemical barrier involving triterpene hopanoids
(d) like Rhizobium, it usually infects its host
plant through root hair deformation and
stimulates cell proliferation in the host's cortex.
(2005)
30. For retting of jute the fermenting microbe used
is (2005)
(a) methanophilic bacteria
(b) butyric acid bacteria
(c) Helicobacter pylori
(d) Streptococcus lactin.
31. Basophilic prokaryotes
(a) grow and multiply in very deep marine
sediments
(b) occur in water containing high
concentrations of barium hydroxide
(c) readily grow and divide in sea water
enriched in any soluble salt of barium
(d) grow slowly in highly alkaline frozen lakes
at high altitudes. (2005)
32. Which statement is correct for bacterial
transduction? (2002)
(a) Transfer of some genes from one bacteria to
another bacteria through virus.
(b) Transfer of genes from one bacteria to
another bacteria by conjugation.
(c) Bacteria obtained its DNA directly from
mother cell.
(d) Bacteria obtained DNA from other external
source.
33. In bacteria, plasmid is (2002)
(a) extra chromosomal material
(b) main DNA
(c) non functional DNA
(d) repetitive gene.
34. Organisms which obtain energy by the oxidation
of reduced inorganic compounds are called
(2002)
(a) photoautotrophs (b) chemoautotrophs
(c) saprozoic (d) coproheterotrophs.
35. What is true for archaebacteria? (2001)
(a) All halophiles (b) All photosynthetics
(c) All fossils (d) Oldest living beings
36. Difference in Gram positive and Gram negative
bacteria is due to
(a) cell wall (b) cell membrane
(c) ribosome (d) cytoplasm. (2001)
37. Transfer of genetic information from one
bacterium to another in the transduction
process is through (1998)
(a) bacteriophages released from the donor
bacterial strain
(b) another bacterium having special organ for
conjugation
(c) physical contact between donor and recipient
strains
(d) conjugation between opposite strain
bacterium.
38. A bacterium divides every 35 minutes. If a
culture containing 105 cells per mL is grown for
175 minutes, what will be the cell concentration
per mL after 175 minutes? (1998)
(a) 35 × 105 cells (b) 32 × 105 cells
(c) 175 × 105 cells (d) 85 × 105 cells
39. The DNA of E.coli is
(a) double stranded and linear
(b) double stranded and circular
(c) single stranded and linear
(d) single stranded and circular. (1998)
40. The main role of bacteria in the carbon cycle
involves (1998)
(a) chemosynthesis
(b) digestion or breakdown of organic
compounds
(c) photosynthesis
(d) assimilation of nitrogenous compounds.
41. A few organisms are known to grow and
multiply at temperatures of 100–105º C. They
belong to
(a) thermophilic sulphur bacteria
(b) hot spring blue–green algae
(c) methanogenic archaebacteria
(d) marine archaebacteria. (1998)
42. The hereditary material present in the
bacterium E.coli is …… (1997)
(a) single–stranded DNA
(b) double–stranded DNA
(c) DNA
(d) RNA
43. Azotobacter and Bacillus polymyxa are the
examples of
(a) pathogenic bacteria
(b) decomposers
(c) symbiotic N2 fixer
(d) non–symbiotic N2 fixer. (1996)
44. What are the sex organs provided in some
bacteria?
(a) Sex pili (b) Plasmid
(c) Circular DNA (d) Gametes (1996)
45. Which type of DNA is found in bacteria?
(a) Circular free DNA
(b) Membrane bound DNA
(c) Straight DNA
(d) Helical DNA (1996)
46. A large number of organic compounds can be
decomposed by……. (1995)
(a) Azotobacter (b) Chemolithotrophs
(c) Mycoplasma (d) Pseudomonas.
47. Many blue–green algae occur in thermal springs
(hot–water springs). The temperature tolerance
of these algae have been attributed to their
(a) mitochondrial structure
(b) importance of homopolar bonds in their
proteins
(c) cell wall structure
(d) modern cell organization. (1994)
48. Organisms, which fix atmospheric nitrogen in
the soil, fall under the category of
(a) bacteria (b) green algae
(c) soil fungi (d) mosses. (1994)
49. Transduction in bacteria is mediated by
(a) plasmid vectors (b) phage vectors
(c) cosmids (d) F–factors (1994)
50. Genophore/bacterial genome or nucleoid is
made of
(a) histones and non–histones
(b) RNA and histones
(c) a single double stranded DNA
(d) a single stranded DNA. (1993)
51. Escherichia coli is used extensively in biological
research as it is
(a) easily cultured
(b) easily available
(c) easy to handle
 (d) easily multiplied in host. (1993)
52. Bacteria lack alternation of generation because
there is (1992, 1991)
(a) neither syngamy nor reduction division
(b) distinct chromosomes are absent
(c) no conjugation
(d) no exchange of genetic material.
53. Name the organisms which do not derive energy
directly or indirectly from sun.
(a) Chemosynthetic bacteria
(b) Pathogenic bacteria
(c) Symbiotic bacteria
(d) Mould (1991)
54. The main difference in Gram (+) ve and Gram (–
) ve bacteria resides in their (1990)
(a) cell wall (b) cell membrane
(c) cytoplasm (d) flagella.
55. Which one belongs to Monera?
(a) Amoeba (b) Escherichia
(c) Gelidium (d) Spirogyra (1990)
2.3 Kingdom Protista
56. Which of the following organisms are known as
chief producers in the oceans? (NEET 2018)
(a) Dinoflagellates (b) Diatoms
(c) Cyanobacteria (d) Euglenoids
57. Ciliates differ from all other protozoans in
(a) using flagella for locomotion
(b) having a contractile vacuole for removing
excess water
(c) using pseudopodia for capturing prey
(d) having two types of nuclei. (NEET 2018)
58. Select the wrong statement.
(a) The walls of diatoms are easily destructible.
(b) 'Diatomaceous earth' is formed by the cell
walls of diatoms.
(c) Diatoms are chief producers in the oceans.
(d) Diatoms are microscopic and float passively
in water (NEET–II 2016)
59. Chrysophytes, Euglenoids, Dinoflagellates and
Slime moulds are included in the Kingdom…..
(NEET–I 2016)
(a) Fungi (b) Animalia
(c) Monera (d) Protista.
60. In which group of organisms the cell walls form
two thin overlapping shells which fit together?
(2015)
(a) Dinoflagellates (b) Slime moulds
(c) Chrysophytes (d) Euglenoids
61. Which one of the following organisms is not an
eukaryote? (2011)
(a) Paramecium caudatum
(b) Escherichia coli
 (c) Euglena viridis
(d) Amoeba proteus
62. Which one of the following is a slime mould?
(a) Physarum (b) Thiobacillus
(c) Anabaena (d)Rhizopus
(2007)
63. Auxospores and hormogonia are formed,
respectively, by (2005)
(a) some diatoms and several cyanobacteria
(b) some cyanobacteria and many diatoms
(c) several cyanobacteria and several diatoms
(d) several diatoms and a few cyanobacteria.
64. When a fresh–water protozoan possessing a
contractile vacuole, is placed in a glass
containing marine water, the vacuole will
(2004)
(a) increase in number (b) disappear
(c) increase in size (d) decrease in size.
65. The chief advantage of encystment of an Amoeba
is
(a) the ability to survive during adverse physical
conditions
(b) the ability to live for sometime without
ingesting food
(c) protection from parasites and predators
(d) the chance to get rid of accumulated waste
products. (2003)
66. In which of the following animals dimorphic
nucleus is found?
(a) Amoeba proteus
(b) Trypanosoma gambiense
(c) Plasmodium vivax
(d) Paramecium caudatum (2002)
67. In protozoa like Amoeba and Paramecium, the
organ for osmoregulation is (2002)
(a) contractile vacuole (b) mitochondria
(c) nucleus (d) food vacuole
68. Which of the following organisms possesses
characteristics of a plant and an animal? (1995)
(a) Euglena (b) Paramecium
(c) Bacteria (d) Mycoplasma
69. The function of contractile vacuole, in protozoa,
is (1995)
(a) osmoregulation (b) reproduction
(c) locomotion (d) digestion of food
70. The protists have (1994)
(a) only free nucleic acid aggregates
(b) membrane bound nucleoproteins lying
embedded in the cytoplasm
(c) gene containing nucleoproteins
condensed together in loose mass
(d) nucleoprotein in direct contact with the
rest of the cell substance.
71. In Amoeba and Paramecium osmoregulation
occurs through (1991)
(a) pseudopodia (b) nucleus
(c) contractile vacuole (d) general surface.
72. Plasmodium, the malarial parasite, belongs to
class ……. (1990)
(a) sarcodina (b) ciliata
(c) sporozoa (d) dinophyceae.
73. Which is true about Trypanosoma? (1990)
(a) Polymorphic
(b) Monogenetic
(c) Facultative parasite
(d) Non–pathogenic
74. Genetic information in Paramecium is contained
in (1989)
(a) micronucleus
(b) macronucleus
(c) both micronucleus and macronucleus
(d) mitochondria.
75. Trypanosoma belongs to Class (1989)
(a) Sarcodina (b) Zooflagellata
(c) Ciliata (d) Sporozoa.
2.4 Kingdom Fungi
76. Which of the following statements is incorrect?
(a) Yeasts have filamentous bodies with long
thread like hyphae.
(b) Morels and truffles are edible delicacies.
(c) Claviceps is a source of many alkaloids and
LSD.
(d) Conidia are produced exogenously and
ascospores endogenously. (NEET 2019)
77. Match column–I with column–II.
Column – I Column – II
A. Saprophyte (i) Symbiotic association of
fungi with plant roots
B. Parasite (ii) Decomposition of dead organic
materials
C. Lichens (iii) Living on living plants or
animals
D. Mycorrhiza (iv) Symbiotic association
of algae and fungi
Choose the correct answer from the options
given below.
(A) (B) (C) (D)
(a) (ii) (iii) (iv) (i)
(b) (i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
(c) (iii) (ii) (i) (iv)
(d) (ii) (i) (iii) (iv)
(NEET 2019)
78. Which among the following is not a prokaryote
? (NEET 2018)
(a) Saccharomyces (b) Mycobacterium
 (c) Nostoc (d) Oscillatoria
79. After karyogamy followed by meiosis, spores are
produced exogenously in (NEET 2018)
(a) Neurospora (b) Alternaria
(c) Agaricus (d) Saccharomyces.
80. Which one of the following is wrong for fungi?
(a) They are eukaryotic.
(b) All fungi possess a purely cellulosic cell wall.
(c) They are heterotrophic.
(d) They are both unicellular and multicellular.
(NEET–II 2016)
81. Which one of the following statements is wrong?
(NEET–I 2016)
(a) Eubacteria are also called false bacteria.
(b) Phycomycetes are also called algal fungi.
(c) Cyanobacteria are also called blue–green
algae.
(d) Golden algae are also called desmids.
82. One of the major components of cell wall of most
fungi is (NEET–I 2016)
(a) cellulose (b) hemicellulose
(c) chitin (d) peptidoglycan.
83. The imperfect fungi which are decomposers of
litter and help in mineral cycling belong to
(a) Phycomycetes (b) Ascomycetes
(c) Deuteromycetes (d) Basidiomycetes.
(2015)
84. Choose the wrong statement. (2015)
(a) Morels and truffles are poisonous
mushrooms.
(b) Yeast is unicellular and useful in
fermentation.
(c) Penicillium is multicellular and produces
antibiotics.
(d) Neurospora is used in the study of
biochemical genetics.
85. Which one of the following matches is correct?
(a) Mucor Reproduction by Ascomycetes
conjugation
(b) Agaricus Parasitic Basidiomycetes
fungus
(c) Phytophthora Aseptate Basidiomycetes
mycelium
(d) Alternaria Sexual Deuteromycetes
reproduction
absent (2015 Cancelled)
86. Which one of the following fungi contains
hallucinogens?
(2014)
(a) Morchella esculenta (b)Amanita muscaria
(c) Neurospora sp. (d) Ustilago sp.
87. Which one of the following is true for fungi?
(Karnataka NEET 2013)
 (a) They lack a rigid cell wall.
(b) They are heterotrophs.
(c) They lack nuclear membrane.
(d) They are phagotrophs.
88. The pathogen Microsporum responsible for
ringworm disease in humans belongs to the
same kingdom of organisms as that of
(a) Taenia, a tapeworm
(b) Wuchereria, a filarial worm
(c) Rhizopus, a mould
(d) Ascaris, a round worm. (Mains 2011)
89. Single–celled eukaryotes are included in
(a) protista (b) fungi
(c) archaea (d) monera (2010)
90. Membrane–bound organelles are absent in
(a) Saccharomyces (b) Streptococcus
(c) Chlamydomonas (d) Plasmodium (2010)
91. Black (stem) rust of wheat is caused by
(a) Alternaria solani
(b) Ustilago nuda
(c) Puccinia graminis
(d) Xanthomonas oryzae (Mains 2010)
92. Which one is the wrong pairing for the disease
and its causal organism? (2009)
(a) Black rust of wheat–Puccinia graminis
(b) Loose smut of wheat–Ustilago nuda
(c) Root knot of vegetables–Meloidogyne sp.
(d) Late blight of potato–Alternaria solani
93. Which pair of the following belongs to
basidiomycetes? (2007)
(a) Puffballs and Claviceps
(b) Peziza and stink horns
(c) Morchella and mushrooms
(d) Birds nest fungi and puffballs
94. Which of the following environmental
conditions are essential for optimum growth of
Mucor on a piece of bread? (2006)
A. Temperature of about 25º C
B. Temperature of about 5º C
C. Relative humidity of about 5 %
D. Relative humidity of about 95 %
E. A shady place
F. A brightly illuminated place
Choose the answer from the following options.
(a) B, C and F only (b) A, C and E only
(c) A , D and E only (d) B, D and E only
95. Which fungal disease spreads by seed and
flowers?
(a) Loose smut of wheat
(b) Corn smut
(c) Covered smut of barley
 (d) Soft rot of potato (2002)
96. Which of the following secretes toxins during
storage conditions of crop plants? (2002)
(a) Aspergillus (b) Penicillium
(c) Fusarium (d) Colletotrichum
97. Black rust of wheat is caused by …. (2000)
(a) Puccinia (b) Ustilago
(c) Albugo (d) Phytophthora.
98. Columella is a specialized structure found in the
sporangium of ………… (1999)
(a) Spirogyra (b) Ulothrix
(c) Rhizopus (d) none of these.
99. Puccinia forms uredia and
(a) telia on wheat leaves
(b) aecia on barberry leaves
(c) pycnia on barberry leaves
(d) aecia on wheat leaves. (1998)
100. Mycorrhiza is correctly described as (1996)
(a) parasitic association between roots and some
fungi
(b) symbiotic relationship between fungi and
roots of some higher plants
(c) symbiosis of algae and fungi
(d) relation of ants with the stem of some trees.
101. The black rust of wheat is a fungal disease
caused by
(a) Albugo candida
(b) Puccinia graminis tritici
(c) Melampsora lini
(d) Claviceps purpurea. (1995)
2.5 Kingdom Plantae
102. Select the wrong statement. (NEET 2018)
(a) Cell wall is present in members of fungi and
plantae.
(b) Mushrooms belong to basidiomycetes.
(c) Pseudopodia are locomotory and feeding
structures in sporozoans.
(d) Mitochondria are the powerhouse of the cell
in all kingdoms except monera.
103. Cell wall is absent in
(a) Mycoplasma (b) Nostoc
(c) Aspergillus (d) Funaria (2015)
104. True nucleus is absent in
(a) Vaucheria (b) Volvox
(c) Anabaena (d) Mucor.
(2015 Cancelled)
105. Nuclear membrane is absent in
(a) Penicillium (b) Agaricus
(c) Volvox (d) Nostoc. (2012)
106. Absorptive heterotrophic nutrition is exhibited
by….. (1990)
 (a) algae (b) fungi
(c) bryophytes (d) pteridophytes.
2.6 Kingdom Animalia
107. Pick up the wrong statement.
(a) Some fungi are edible.
(b) Nuclear membrane is present in Monera.
(c) Cell wall is absent in Animalia.
(d) Protists have photosynthetic and
heterotrophic modes of nutrition. (2015)
108. Which one of the following living organisms
completely lacks a cell wall? (2014)
(a) Cyanobacteria (b) Sea–fan (Gorgonia)
(c) Saccharomyces (d) Blue–green algae

2.7 Viruses, Viroids, Prions and Lichens

109. Which of the following is correct about viroids?
(a) They have RNA with protein coat.
(b) They have free RNA without protein coat.
(c) They have DNA with protein coat.
(d) They have free DNA without protein coat.
(NEET 2020)
110. Mad cow disease in cattle is caused by an
organism which has
(a) inert crystalline structure
(b) abnormally folded protein
(c) free RNA without protein coat
(d) free DNA without protein coat.
(Odisha NEET 2019)
111. Which of the following statements is incorrect?
(a) Prions consist of abnormally folded proteins.
(b) Viroids lack a protein coat.
(c) Viruses are obligate parasites.
(d) Infective constituent in viruses is the protein
coat. (NEET 2019)
112. Viroids differ from viruses in having
(a) DNA molecules without protein coat
(b) RNA molecules with protein coat
(c) RNA molecules without protein coat
(d) DNA molecules with protein coat.
(NEET 2017)
113. Which of the following statements is wrong for
viroids?
(a) They cause infections.
(b) Their RNA is of high molecular weight.
(c) They lack a protein coat.
(d) They are smaller than viruses.
(NEET–I 2016)
114. Select the wrong statement.
(a) The term 'contagium vivum fluidum' was
coined by M. W. Beijerinck.
 (b) Mosaic disease in tobacco and AIDS in
human being are caused by viruses.
(c) The viroids were discovered by D.J.
Ivanowsky.
(d) W.M. Stanley showed that viruses could be
crystallised. (2015)
115. Which of the following shows coiled RNA strand
and capsomeres? (2014)
(a) Polio virus (b)Tobacco mosaic virus
(c) Measles virus (d) Retrovirus
116. Viruses have
(a) DNA enclosed in a protein coat
(b) prokaryotic nucleus
(c) single chromosome
(d) both DNA and RNA. (2014)
117. Which statement is wrong for viruses?
(a) All are parasites.
(b) All of them have helical symmetry.
(c) They have ability to synthesize nucleic acids
and proteins.
(d) Antibiotics have no effect on them. (2012)
118. Which one single organism or the pair of
organisms is correctly assigned to its or their
named taxonomic group?
(a) Paramecium and Plasmodium belong to the
same kingdom as that of Penicillium.
(b) Lichen is a composite organism formed from
the symbiotic association of an algae and a
protozoan.
(c) Yeast used in making bread and beer is a
fungus.
(d) Nostoc and Anabaena are examples of
protista. (2012)
119. Virus envelope is known as
(a) capsid (b) virion
(c) nucleoprotein (d) core. (2010)
120. Given below is the diagram of a bacteriophage.
In which one of the options all the four parts A,
B, C and D are correct ?

A B C D
(a) Tail fibres Head Sheath Collar
(b) Sheath Collar Head Tail fibres
(c) Head Sheath Collar Tail fibres
(d) Collar Tail fibres Head Sheath
(Mains 2010)
121. T.O. Diener discovered a
(a) free infectious DNA
(b) infectious protein
 (c) bacteriophage
(d) free infectious RNA. (2009)
122. There exists a close association between the alga
and the fungus within a lichen. The fungus
(a) provides protection, anchorage and
absorption for the algae
(b) provides food for the alga
(c) fixes the atmospheric nitrogen for the alga
(d) releases oxygen for the alga. (2005)
123. Which of the following statements is not true for
retroviruses ?
(a) DNA is not present at any stage in the life
cycle of retroviruses.
(b) Retroviruses carry gene for RNA–dependent
DNA polymerase.
(c) The genetic material in mature retroviruses
is RNA.
(d) Retroviruses are causative agents for certain
kinds of cancer in man. (2004)
124. Viruses that infect bacteria multiply and cause
their lysis, are called
(a) lysozymes (b) lipolytic
(c) lytic (d)lysogenic. (2004)
125. Lichens are well known combination of an alga
and a fungus where fungus has.
(a) a saprophytic relationship with the alga
(b) an epiphytic relationship with the alga
(c) a parasitic relationship with alga
(d) a symbiotic relationship with alga. (2004)
126. Which one of the following statements about
viruses is correct ?
(a) Viruses possess their own metabolic system.
(b) All viruses contain both RNA and DNA.
(c) Viruses are obligate parasites.
(d) Nucleic acid of viruses is known as capsid.
(2003)
127. Tobacco mosaic virus is a tubular filament of
size
(a) 300 × 10 nm (b) 300 × 5nm
(c) 300 × 20 nm (d) 700 × 30 nm.(2003)
128. Viruses are no more "alive" than isolated
chromosomes because
(a) they require both RNA and DNA
(b) they both need food molecules
(c) they both require oxygen for respiration
(d) both require the environment of a cell to
replicate. (2003)
129. Cauliflower mosaic virus contains
(a) ss RNA (b) ds RNA
(c) ds DNA (d) ss DNA. (2001)
130. Viruses possess
(a) ribosomes to synthesize protein
(b) organelle for its vital mechanism
 (c) either DNA or RNA
(d) none of these. (1997)
131. Most of the lichens consist of
(a) green algae and ascomycetes
(b) brown algae and higher plant
(c) blue green algae and basidiomycetes
(d) red algae and ascomycetes. (1997)
132. What is the genetic material in influenza virus?
(1996)
(a) Double helical DNA (b) RNA
(c) Single helix DNA (d) None of these
133. Which one of the following statement about
lichens is wrong ?
(a) These grow very rapidly (2 cm per day).
(b) They show fungal and algal symbiotic
relationships.
(c) Some of its species are eaten by reindeers.
(d) These are pollution indicators. (1996)
134. The tailed bacteriophages are
(a) motile on surface of bacteria
(b) non–motile
(c) motile on surface of plant leaves
(d) actively motile in water.
135. Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) genes are
(a) single stranded RNA
(b) double stranded DNA
(c) proteinaceous
(d) double stranded RNA. (1994)
136. Organisms which are indicator of SO2 pollution
of air
(a) mosses (b) lichens
(c) mushrooms (d) puffballs. (1992)
137. Lichens indicate SO2 pollution because they
(a) show association between algae and fungi
(b) grow faster than others.
(c) are sensitive to SO2
(d) flourish in SO2 rich environment. (1989)
138. Which of the following statement is correct? (a)
Fusion of two cells is called karyogamy
(b) Fusion of protoplasm between two motile or
non–motile gametes is called plasmogamy
(c) Organisms that depend on living plants are
called saprophytes
(d) Some of the organisms can fix atmospheric
nitrogen in specialized cells called sheath cells
(NEET 2021)
139. Given below are two statements:
Statement I: Mycoplasma can pass through less
than 1 micron filter size.
Statements II: Mycoplasma are bacteria with
cell wall. In the light of the above statements,
choose the most appropriate answer from the
options give below:
 (a) Both Statement I and Statement II are correct
(b) Both Statement I and Statement II are
incorrect
(c) Statement I is correct but statement II is
incorrect
(d) Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is
correct (NEET 2022)
140. Which of the following is a correct statement?
(a) Cyanobacteria are a group of autotrophic
organisms classified under Kingdom Monera.
(b) Bacteria are exclusively heterotrophic
organisms.
(c) Slime moulds are saprophytic organisms
classified under Kingdom Monera.
(d) Mycoplasma have DNA, Ribosome and cell
wall