R&D project Outline for the Master of science in textile and clothing
Contents
1.Introduction 4.Sources
2. Research goal 5. Declaration
3. Methods
Project Name – Strategies to implement chitosan into textile products
1.Introduction - In recent years, using chitin and chitosan as multifunctional materials
for surface modification of textiles in order to enhance the properties has risen
significantly. The most important applications of chitosan in textile finishing include
antimicrobial, antiodor, blood coagulant, antistatic, and crease-resistant finishing which
provide the potential usage in various fields. These environmentally friendly
substances for treating fabrics are able to be used in medical textile such as wound
dressing and sutures because of their ability to accelerate the wound healing, blood
coagulation, and antibacterial effect.. Nowadays, chitin-based materials have been
gained an increased attention towards eco-friendly, biocompatible and biodegradable
polymers, as most of the widespread synthetic polymers lack these possessions.
Hence, the benefits of chitosan as a textile fibre were appreciated and currently binding
of chitosan to the textiles has been thoroughly researched due to the increasing
demands on the stability of achieved properties during the textile care processes.
2.Research goal- Chitosan is biodegradable in human health, plant, and environment
organisms. Concerning economic aspect, it is a by-product of fishing industry. Textile is
one of the most usable consumer products in our daily life although the processes are
mostly hazardous. The whole supply chain of textiles still requires more research on
how to establish the sustainability regarding health safety and cost. The use of
chitosan could open the door for developing a sustainable industrial practice in fiber
production and fabric treatments for its nontoxic property and low cost. Moreover, the
blended and modified chitosan’s that extend the availability of various high-end
functional textiles with reasonable price will enhance the research and development on
chitosan-based textile processing.
3.Methods
Implementation of Chitosan in antibacterial finishing of textiles- There are
mainly two approaches used, The first approach is finishing the fabric by
attaching Chitosan we can use citric acid as a cross-linking agent and
NaH2PO4 as a catalyst to graft chitosan onto Cotton textile under Uv radiation
which gave them effective antimicrobial properties . The second method is to
prepare antibacterial fibres then weave these Antibacterial fibres .A company
R&D project Outline for the Master of science in textile and clothing
Japan fuji textile co. ltd developed a stable ultrafine chitosan powder with the
particle size of cs 5um which we can add to a viscose solution for blending.
And a high antimicrobial fiber is obtained.
Wet spinning- Other popular method is wet spinning method In this process,
the fibres of chitosan are produced using viscous chitosan solution by the
extrusion process in a coagulation bath, the dissolution of chitosan is only
occurs in 1-10% acetic acid below the PH 6 , a viscous dope is formed. We
have to pass it through the candle system filtration unit to remove the impurities
and reservoir for degassing under vacuum around 30 mbar for 5 h to confirm
the complete removal of the air bubble. Then, the extrusion process starts to
obtain fibres where the extrusion chamber is comprised of a reservoir, a
metering pump, and a spinneret. The chitosan dope is extruded less than 1.5
bar pressure into a coagulation bath. The coagulation bath contains an
aqueous solution of the coagulant such as NaOH. The excess amount of
coagulant is then washed off from the fibres. There are some other methods as
well to implant chitosan in fiber like dry spinning and electro spun.
.Implementation of Chitosan in anti-wrinkle finishing of textiles-. Finishing
with chitosan is a convenient and effective way to improve the antiwrinkle
performance of the fabric. Generally, a chitosan solution is first prepared by
dissolving chitosan in 1% w/v acetic acid. Then, the fabric is finished in the
chitosan solution through a common dipping-rolling-baking process. The
chitosan solution penetrates into the fabric fiber to form a water-insoluble
protective layer on the surface of the fabric after drying, resulting in a stronger
and less deformable fabric. Moreover, chitosan macromolecules fill in the fiber
micro-pores, where a large number of intermolecular hydrogen bonds are
formed between the hydroxyl and amino groups of chitosan and the polar
residues of the fiber molecules. This strengthens the amorphous regions of the
fibres and decreases their mobility, thereby providing wrinkle resistance to the
fabric.
Implementation of Chitosan in antistatic finishing of textiles- Chitosan
having excellent moisture content property is an excellent antistatic agent.
R&D project Outline for the Master of science in textile and clothing
Antistatic fabric is developed by fixing the chitosan on the fabric. In the fixing
process, butane-1,2,3,4-tetracarboxylic acid (BTCA) is used in the presence of
the catalyst, sodium hypophosphite (SHP). Chitosan (1% w/v) dissolution in
acetic acid (1%) is the first step of the process. Liquor is produced by the
addition of 6 g BTAC and 6 g SHP in the chitosan solution. A sample of fabric is
then immerged into the liquor and padded to maintain wet pick-up ratio 100%.
The treated fabric is required to dry at 80°C for 5 min, and the curing process is
done at 140–170°C for 5–20 min according to the final finish of the fabric. At the
end of the process, the temperature of the fabric decreases at room
temperature and it is washed with acetic acid for removing extra chitosan. It is
then washed again with deionized water and dried by air.
4.Source-
https://juniperpublishers.com/ctftte/pdf/CTFTTE.MS.ID.555635.pdf
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780081024911000058
https://www.intechopen.com/chapters/52344
https://www.sciencedirect.com/book/9781782424581/handbook-of-technical-
textiles
5.Declaration – I hereby declare that project outline is personally compiled and no
other aid or source were used apart from listed above.
Date- 23/01/2023
