Mikluscak 1
Luke Mikluscak
ENC1102
Introduction
With the rapid development of AI technologies during recent years, the tech industry and
those involved face an uncertain future. Previously, there were no variables that would’ve
impacted an individual’s success within the industry or aim to study computer science. However,
the AI revolution is forcing experts to reconsider the affects artificial intelligence may have on
the field and people’s futures. There’s a path of unpredictability that we must face in the light of
this new technology.
Before making any effort regarding my research project, I had a clear idea on what topic I
wanted to research and discover. It wasn’t particularly difficult to apply artificial intelligence to
the field of my desired career – computer science. The pieces already came together before I sat
down to write my first draft. One of the most beneficial components of my proposed research
topic is the wealth of information I have at hand. There is too much information circulating
around the internet regarding AI technology and the computer industry. Others have had the
same idea to explore the consequences of artificial intelligence and uncover their findings. With
so many research topics that align with my own proposal, I must consider what I can contribute
to the ongoing discourse surrounding artificial intelligence.
To begin my research, I first had to uncover where artificial intelligence came from.
Research of artificial intelligence has a history dating all the way back to the nineteen fifties.
Herbert A. Simon (1995) uncovers the science surrounding artificial intelligence, including how
it originated and what it aims to achieve. With all the loose terms consisting of AI technology –
Mikluscak 2
“technology-babble,” AirCTO (2017) has aided in providing clear definitions for the terms
people may be unfamiliar with.
It’s intriguing to uncover just how drastic machine learning will push current and future
programming standards – just to remain competitive within the industry. Hager (2017) outlines a
thorough list of the practical benefits AI has made on computing systems and what programmers
can expect machine learning to aid them with. Likewise, Tanimoto (2023) addresses AI agents
and their impact on computer programming. Not all authors share the same optimism. Bergstein
(2020) emphasizes how artificial intelligence lacks the “intelligence” to make any drastic
changes to the industry.
There is no doubt that the introduction of artificial intelligence will stir the technology
industry as well as the demand for tech-related occupations. Anderson and Rainie (2018) have
collected testimonials from a variety of experts within the tech field, regarding the impact of
artificial intelligence. In addition, research from Mithas (2018), Simon (1995), and AirCTO’s
published blog have all given insight on AI’s impact. There is no clear future we can expect with
this new technology, but the consensus is that AI will force us to adapt in some way.
The impact artificial intelligence brings will not only affect the professional industry but
our education system as well. Unusually, artificial intelligence is seen as a tool used to maximize
learning effectiveness within schools according to research by Kandlhofer (2016) and Yilmaz
(2023). Due to AI’s growing utilization among consumers, educational institutes will have to find
a way to incorporate it within their curriculums.
Research Proposal:
Topic: The Repercussions of Artificial Intelligence on Computer Science
Mikluscak 3
Topic Description: The research arch project aims to investigate the recent spike in artificial
intelligence and automation technologies, and how employment in the computer science field
may be affected and/or replaced. AI technology has made tremendous advancement within recent
years, along with its growing utilization among the public. Coupled with its growing use,
artificial intelligence has sparked controversy within the mass-media and public, regarding its
potential dangers and consequences. This project will aim to uncover what the future holds for
artificial intelligence related to the computer field and the lives of everyday consumers. The three
perspectives of my research consist of identifying: what skills and strategies are needed for CS
professionals to succeed with the rise of Al technology, the extent to which computer-related
careers are susceptible to automation technology, and lastly, what are the implications for
education and requirements to be a computer scientist.
Documentation Style: For convenience and ease of use, I have chosen the MLA format to cite
my sources.
Purpose: This topic is personal to me, since my research leads me into uncovering the
implications artificial intelligence will have on the tech industry, society, and my future career. I
also believe that technology is an integral part of our modern world, thus divulging the effects
machine learning has on one of its major areas of interest can prove to be worthwhile
information for my audience.
Intended Audience: Computer science is a very important field within our modern society, due
to the reliance we have developed for technology. Our world is deeply connected by computer
science and artificial intelligence will have a profound impact on one of the world's major
industries. I am certain that my chosen topic will interest my audience since technology has
grown to be such a large part of our world in the modern age.
Mikluscak 4
Research Question: How will the rapid development of artificial intelligence shape the field of
computer science and ultimately affect society?
Research Areas: My research will consist of information accessed across the internet, including
published articles, blog posts, and media videos. The information online will be highly accessible
and offer a wide range of sources for me to use.
Keywords: artificial intelligence, computer science, coding, programming, automation
technologies, education, ChatGPT, machine learning, career, impact, skills
Schedule:
Mikluscak 5
Annotated Bibliography:
Perspective 1 (Adaptability, Practices, Skills):
Bergstein, Brian, “What AI still can’t do.” MIT Technology Review, 19 February 2020,
https://www.technologyreview.com/2020/02/19/868178/what-ai-still-cant-do/
Mikluscak 6
Content: Current machine learning technology is great at detecting patterns and solving
algorithms but fails to understand casual relationships. The article addresses why the
ability to understand why things happen is integral for artificial intelligence systems to
make a large impact on our technology. The author lists several examples on how new AI
causal systems could have a tremendous impact.
Author: Brian Bergstein is a journalist covering topics related to technology. He has
reported from Silicon Valley, New York, and Boston. Currently, he works for the Boston
Globe as deputy opinion editor.
BEAM: Bergstein adopts a critical stance towards AI’s prospective impact on the world,
claiming that it won’t have a drastic effect as some believe it might.
Hager, Gregory D., et al. “Advances in Artificial Intelligence Require Progress Across all of
Computer Science.” Computing Community Consortium, February 2017,
https://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1707/1707.04352.pdf
Content: Artificial Intelligence has played a prominent role in advancing computer
innovation in a variety of fields including systems and hardware, computer science,
cybersecurity, programming, analysis, and algorithms. The article explores how these
contributions will grow more critical to our individual and collective lives, fostering
greater opportunities.
Author: Gregory D. Hager is the Mandell Bellmore professor of Computer Science. Also,
he is the founding director of the Johns Hopkins Malone Center for Engineering in
Healthcare at Johns Hopkins University.
Mikluscak 7
BEAM: Hager takes a very supportive stance on AI, focusing primarily on the net
positive benefits and not on any consequences.
Lakhani, Karim, “AI Won’t Replace Humans - But Humans With AI Will Replace Humans
Without AI.” Harvard Business Review, Business And Society, 4 August 2023,
https://hbr.org/2023/08/ai-wont-replace-humans-but-humans-with-ai-will-replace-
humans-without-ai
Content: Addresses artificial intelligence’s necessity among computer scientists and
coders to remain competitive within the tech-industry. Draws upon business ideas to
propose a competitive mentality that current and future programmers should adopt in
their practices.
Author: Karim Lakhani is a professor at Harvard Business School, specializing in
workplace technology and artificial intelligence.
BEAM: Lakhani’s austere advice and fierce mindset coincide with his practice as a
business professor. As a person involved within the world of business, it is vital to adopt
practices that might give you an advantage over your competitors.
Steven L. Tanimoto, “Five Futures with AI Coding Agents.” Companion Proceedings of the 7th
International Conference on the Art, Science, and Engineering of Programming, NY,
USA, 32–38, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1145/3594671.3594685
Content: The article discusses the use of AI computational agents by programmers,
raising questions regarding their relationship and how the presence of these agents may
change coding. The paper also addresses practices such as “soloing” and “coasting.”
Mikluscak 8
Author: Stephen L. Tanimoto is a professor at the Paul G. Allen School of Computer
Science and Engineering, University of Washington, USA.
BEAM: Possible bias since the author is using sources and his own evidence to support
his claim on the effects of AI coding agents.
Perspective 2 (Computer Science Career Insight):
AirCTO, “Everything you need to know about Artificial Neural Network & Deep Learning —
Part I.” Medium, 30 June 2017, https://medium.com/@aircto/everything-you-need-to-
know-about-artificial-neural-network-deep-learning-part-i-11f49d2a8b6b
Content: Defines “artificial intelligence” and attempts to define the systems associated
with machine learning. Addresses the emergence of “Deep learning”.
Author: AirCTO is an agency of Information Technology experts.
BEAM: Purpose of the author(s) is solely to define and inform, there appears to lack any
potential bias pertaining to the subject matter.
Anderson, Janna and Rainie, Lee, “Improvements ahead: How humans and AI might evolve
together in the next decade.” Pew Research Center - Artificial Intelligence and the Future
of Humans, 10 December 2018,
https://www.pewresearch.org/internet/2018/12/10/improvements-ahead-how-humans-
and-ai-might-evolve-together-in-the-next-decade/
Content: The online article addresses a multitude of testimonials by industry experts
sharing the improvements artificial intelligence can provide society, and also the
challenges that may be associated with its use.
Mikluscak 9
Author: Article includes a collection of opinions from experts within the tech industry.
BEAM: The article consists of many different viewpoints that both share supporting and
opposing claims.
Mithas, Sunil, et al. “Artificial Intelligence and IT Professionals.” IT Professional, vol 5, issue 5,
IEEE, 25 October 2018 https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/8509563
Content: Research article addresses how artificial intelligence and machine learning will
impact the IT world. The article identifies factors that could possibly play a role in the
current and future demand of these professionals.
Author: The authors consist of professors from the: University of South Florida, ESSEC
Business School in France, and the University of Richmond Robins School of Business.
BEAM: The authors consist of professors within their college’s respective school of
business. Their purpose is to describe the effect of machine learning on the tech industry -
IT professions.
Koteshwar Reddy, "How AI Transforming Computer Science," LinkedIn, 9 March 2022,
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/how-ai-transforming-computer-science-koteshwar-reddy
Content: Aims to describe the impact AI could have on the areas of computer science,
whether it be gaming, medical technology, or back-end programming.
Author: Koteshwar Reddy is a Marketing Associate currently working in a mobile app
and artificial intelligence development company.
BEAM: There is an optimistic attitude presented, possibly since the author is an inspiring
professional within the field he addresses.
Mikluscak 10
Simon, Herbert A. “Artificial Intelligence: an empirical science.” Department of Psychology,
Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, Artificial Intelligence, 95-127, 1995,
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/000437029500039H
Content: Describes artificial in the light of a science, and how best to nurture its
development. The author relies on history to draw examples upon, since they mostly draw
from his own work and experience.
Author: Herbert A. Simon was an American political scientist with influence in the field
of computer science.
BEAM: Simon is a pioneer of artificial intelligence, explaining the best way to approach
such a powerful tool, and what impacts it could make. He draws upon psychology and
history to base his claims and propose his ideas.
Perspective #3 (Education):
Jung, Hye-Wuk “A Study on the Current State of Artificial Intelligence Based Coding
Technologies and the Direction of Future Coding Education.” Korea Science,
International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology, 30 September 2020,
https://koreascience.kr/article/JAKO202028851207247.page
Content: Since artificial intelligence has been introduced as a technology to be used by
the public, there exists some potential in its ability to contribute to education. The article
examines the state of AI based coding practices and what computer science majors and
non-computer majors may face in the future.
Mikluscak 11
Author: Hye-Wuk Jung is a software engineer with previous education at Kyonggi
University in South Korea.
BEAM: The article is comprised of a series of analytical descriptions of AI-based coding
practices; therefore, it lacks any noticeable bias toward AI.
Kandlhofer, Martin, et al. "Artificial Intelligence and Computer Science in Education: From
Kindergarten to University." IEEEXplore, IEEE, October 2016,
https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/7757570
Content: Due to the increasing use of artificial intelligence, professors from different
institutions collaborated and developed an educational concept which aims to introduce
students to and expand AI literacy. The concept comprises “modules” designated to each
educational level.
Author: Professors from a variety of educational institutes: Institute of Software
Technology, Austria, University of Teacher Education, Children’s Office.
BEAM: Since most if not all the authors consist of educational practitioners, the bias may
come from their optimism and desire to move the industry forward.
Yilmaz, Ramazan, “The effect of generative artificial intelligence (AI)-based tool use on
students' computational thinking skills, programming self-efficacy and motivation.”
Science Direct, 7 June 2023
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666920X23000267
Content: Article consists of a study utilizing ChatGPT on undergraduate students to test
computational thinking skills, programming knowledge, and lesson motivation. The
Mikluscak 12
results suggested how AI could be implemented within lessons to increase educational
effectiveness.
Author: Ramazan Yilmaz is a Turkish professor of the Department of Computer
Technology & Information Systems at Bartin University.
BEAM: The only bias that would exist would be Yilmaz’s own motivations for
conducting an experiment related to his field of interest, otherwise the results and
conclusions are unlikely to be biased since the variables were controlled and the
experiment resulted in conclusive evidence.
