The Chemist's Notebook to Stoichiometry

By: Andrew Kasperkiewicz

BOOK 1: A-Z Chemical list, Formulas, syntheses, and information.

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A
Acepromazine: C19H22N2OS maleate used in veterinarian medicine
Acetomenophen: (aceto amino phenol) CH3CONHC6H4OH. 1C+1CO+1C6H5OH 39g C + 69g
CO + 235g C6H5OH + 42g NH3 = 377g CH3CONHC6H4OH Reaction type:
synthesis or Balanced equation:
2 CO + NH3 + C6H6 = CH3CONHC6H4OH
Reaction type: synthesis
Aldol: CH3CHOHCH2CO. 30g 4CH3CHO=29.6g 2CH3CHOHCH2CO+0.3g H2 Balanced equation: 4 CH3CHO
= 2 CH3CHOHCH2CO + H2
Reaction type: decomposition
Amitrypytline: C20H23N for pain and depression 13C+NH4OH+C7H16+H2 +HCl
=C20H23N*HCl Note: heptane is C7H16. Balanced equation:
30g 97 C + 7.2g 8 NH4OH +23.3g 9 C7H16 = 57g 8 C20H23N + 3.3g 4 O2
Amobarital: C3H7NO2+C4H4O3N2=C11H18N2O3 Balanced equation:
30g 56 C3H7NO2 + 35g 46 C4H4O3N2 = 43g 32 C11H18N2O3 + 7g 42 N2 + 14g 77 O2 (urethane plus barbituric acid)
Amphetamine: 1g C8H11N+.1g C+.0167g H2=1.25g C6H5CH2CH(NH2)CH3 Benzyl + ? + Methyl.
Phenethylamine plus coal plus hydrogenBalanced equation:
10g C8H11N + 1g C + .16g H2 = 11.15g C6H5CH2CH(NH2)CH3
Reaction type: synthesis
Amylase:
Antipyrine:(CH3)2(C6H5)C3HN2O. For fever and used with benzocaine.
Ativan: C15H10Cl2N2O2. 2C6H5Cl+3C+2NH4OH=C15H10Cl2N2O2+5H2 Balanced equation:
187g 2 C6H5Cl + 30g 3 C + 58g 2 NH4OH = 267g C15H10Cl2N2O2 + 8.4g 5 H2
{note: substitute Bromine for Chlorine may result in new Benzodiazapine drug}
B
Bamboozle: NH4OH+NH2COOH+C2H5OH+ {terpenes/oils/ammonia [LIST
EVERYTHING]}. Carbamic Acid is NH2COOH. Made by bubbling CO2 thru NH4OH, mix with carbonate esters
such as phenethylamine carbonate. See meprobamate.
Barbital: diethylbarbituric acid.
C8H12N2O3. H5C2OC2H5+C4H4O3N2=C8H12N2O3+H2O Balanced equation:
30g H5C2OC2H5 + 52g C4H4O3N2 =74g C8H12N2O3 + 7g H2O
Reaction type: double replacement barbituruc acid C4H4N2O3 (polymerization catalyst) Benzocaine:
C6H4NH2COOC2H5 lozenges, throat spray, glycerol based for swimmers ear, powdered hydrochloride salt.
NH3+C6H6+C2H5OH=C6H4NH2COOC2H5 or C6H6+NH3+CO2 (reaction type synthesis) or xylene
+CO2+NH4OH or commonly sold as hydrochloride salt, price as of 2017: $40 per Kilogram. Balanced equation:
90g 4 C6H6 + 14g 3 NH3 + 38g 3 CO2 = 142g 3 C6H4NH2COOC2H5
Reaction type: synthesis
Balanced equation:
30g 20 C2H8O + 3.7g 7 NH3 + 31g 23 CO2 = 36g 7 C6H4NH2COOC2H5 + 29g 52 H2O isopropyl alcohol =
C2H8O. CO2 is Balanced equation:
60g NaHCO3 + 21g CH3COOH = 31g CO2 + 12g H2O + 57g NaCH3COO Balanced equation:
30g 10 C2H6O + 6.85g 3 NH4OH + 20g 7 CO2 = 32.27g 3 C6H4NH2COOC2H5 + 24.63g 21 H2O
C6H6+2C2H5Cl+CO2=C6H4NH2COOC2H5+Cl2 (Benzene plus ethyl chloride plus carbon dioxide)
Benzyl Piperazine: C11H16N2 According to Shulgin, dose 20-100mg (PIHKAL). piperidine (CH2)5NH [from
hydrolysis of piperine treated with alkali from piper nigrum (black pepper)] Balanced equation:
1g 12 C + 1.18g 2 C5H11N + 0.48g 2 NH4OH = 2.44g 2 C11H16N2 + 0.22g O2
Buticaine Sulfate: (C18H30N2O2)2*H2SO4 local anesthetic for mucous membranes. Balanced equation:
30g 12 C +72g 6 C4H10 + 18g 2 N2O + 6g O2 = 127g (C18H30N2O2)2
Reaction type: synthesis. Butane: C4H10
C Chloral
Hydrate: CCl3*2CH(OH)2.
C2H5OH+3Cl2= CCl3*2CH(OH)2 freeze.C2H3Cl3O2 Balanced equation:
30g 2 C2H5OH + 69g 3 Cl2 + 10g O2 = 107g 2 C2H3Cl3O2 + 1.96g 3 H2
Chlorcyclizine: C18H21ClN2 antihistamine for allergies, and possible treatment of Hepatitis C Balanced
equation:
30g 18 C + 1.95g 7 H2 + 4.72g 2 NH3 + 5g HCl = 42g C18H21ClN2
Reaction type: synthesis or Balanced equation:
30g 18 C + 1.95g 7 H2 + 9.72g 2 NH4OH + 5.05g HCl = 41.7g C18H21ClN2 + 5g 2 H2O Chlorothiazide:
C7H6ClN3O4S2. Balanced equation:
30g 14 C +4.7g 13 H2 +23g 3 N2O +69g 4 H2SO4 + 12g Cl2 = 105g 2 C7H6ClN3O4S2 +
35g 11 H2O for heart failure, edemas, and
hypertension.
Chloropromazine: C17H20N2S*HCl. Balanced equation:
30g 17 C + 2.96g 10 H2 + 5g 2 NH3 + 14g H2SO4 = 41.7g C17H20N2S + 10g 4 H2O Balanced equation:
17 C + 10 H2 + 2 NH4OH + H2SO4 = C17H20N2S + 6 H2O Promethazine+____? =
phenothiazine.
Clonidine: C9H9Cl2N3 eases narcotic withdrawl. Dosage: 100 micrograms – 2.4 milligrams
9C+3NH4OH+Cl2=C9H9Cl2N3+3H2O Balanced equation:
30g 9 C + 29g 3 NH4OH + 19g Cl2 = 64g C9H9Cl2N3 + 15g 3 H2O.
9 C + 3 NH3 + Cl2 = C9H9Cl2N3
Reaction type: synthesis
Cocaine:
C17H21NO4*HCl hydrochloride salt. 30g 34C+5.15g 2NH4OH+39.98g 16H2O2=44g
2C17H21NO4+ 30.6g 13O2 34 30g C + 3 7.496554g H2O2 (247g 3%)+ 2 5.149203g NH4OH + 13 38.19847g
NaOH + 13 34.82132g HCl = 13 71.09456g NaClO + 2 44.57098g C17H21NO4

Balanced equation: 30g 6 CO2 + 29g 3 (CH2)5NH + 44g 5 C6H6 = 103g 3 C17H21NO4
Reaction type: synthesis
C+NaCl+NaClO+NH3=C17H21NO4+CLO-
17 30g C + 2.502257g NH3 + 9 48.21413g HCl + 9 52.89018g NaOH = 4 44.57098g NaCl + 5 54.68812g NaClO
+ 44.57098g C17H21NO4
30g 34 C +5.15g 2 NH4OH + 39.98 16 H2O2 = 44g 2 C17H21NO4 +30.6 O2
Reaction type: synthesis
Codeine: C18H21NO3*H2O. Balanced equation:
3g 15 C + 1.8g 6 H2O + .56g 2 NH3 + 4.60g 3 C6H5CH3 = 9.96 g 2 C18H21NO3
Reaction type: synthesis base.
Compazine: C28H32ClN3S nauisa/anxiety, an antipsychotic. Balanced equation:
30g 56 C + 1.25g 14 H2 + 3.25g 2 HCl + 9.38g 6 NH4OH
+ 8.75g 2 H2SO4 = 42.6g 2 C28H32ClN3S + 10g 7 O2
Cyclazocine: C18H25NO blocks effects of morphine, it is a non-addictive pain killer.
3C6H6+NH3+H2O+H2=C18H25NO Balanced equation:
30g 3 C6H6 + 2g NH3 + 2g H2O + .2g H2 = 34g C18H25NO Reaction
type: synthesis Balanced equation:
30g 9 C2H8O + 2.4g NH4OH = 18.8g C18H25NO + 11.2g 9 H2O + 2.3g 17 H2 Balanced equation:
9 C2H6O + NH4OH = C18H25NO + 9 H2O + 8 H2
D
Deoxyribonuclease: C10H13N5O4 enzyme Antiviral target molecule

9 30g C + 29.98811g CH4N2O4 + 3 14.17946g NH3 = 74.16758C10H13N5O4

Reaction type: synthesis
2NO2+CH4=CH4N2O4 nitromethoy amine oxide; dihydroxyamino carbamic acid

7 30g HNO3 +2.383582g NH4OH = 8 25.03190g NO2 + 6 7.351676H2O

Reaction type: double replacement
DHEA: (di hydro epiandrosterone)
Diazapam: C16H13CLN2O. 30g C+28g C6H5Cl+8.5g 2NH3+4.5g H2O=71.5 g
C16H13CLN2O.
30g 10 C + 28g C6H5Cl + 8.5g 2 NH3 + 4.5g H2O = 71.5g C16H13ClN2O
Reaction type: synthesis
Dilatin: C15H11N2O2. 3H2CO3+C6H5N:N:C6H5=C15H11N2O2+H2O2.
Diethylbarbital: Balanced equation:
90g C2H5OC2H5O + 127g C4H4N2O3 = 184g C8H12N2O3 + 34g H2O2
Reaction type: double replacement. toxic. ether plus barbituric acid.
Diosgenin: C27H42O3. steroid in yams. It is used to synthesize hormones. ex: progesterone, yams good for
pregnancy. Starting point for hormone synthesis.
Dimethyltryptamine:
C12H16N2. 30g 28C+25g 8NH4OH+33g 5H5C2OC2H5=67g 4C12H16N2+20g 13H2O solubl e in acetone,
methanol, IPA etc. Balanced equation:
28 C + 8 NH4OH + 5 H5C2OC2H5 = 4 C12H16N2 + 13 H2O [note MgSO4 soaks up excess ether]. Seen as fumarate
salt, or free based. Stored in freezer to crystalize from naptha, washed with water and sodium carbonate. .5 g C+.4g
NH4OH+.55g H5C2OC2H5=1.12 DMT+.35 H2O

C10H12N2 + 2 H2O2 = C10H16N2 + 2 O2

Reaction type: double replacement
DMSO: (CH3)2SO hypoallergenic solvent. Balanced equation:
30g 2 H2SO4 + 19g 4 CH3OH = 23.8g 2 (CH3)2SO + 11g 4 H2O + 14.6g 3 O2 Dopamine: C8H11NO2
neurotransmitter Balanced equation:
30g C8H11N + 7.92g O2 = 37.9g C8H11NO2
Reaction type: synthesis [bubble compressed air thru phenethylamine hydrochloride dissolved in water, using
baking soda, vinegar, a hose with two two liter bottles with holes in the caps {gas generator}].
E
EDTA: C10H16N2O8 prevents blood coagulation during metal poisoning. acetic acid plus ethylene plus
compressed air (nitrous oxide).
4CH3COOH+H2C:CH2+N2O=C10H16N2O8+H2O (Note: H gets replaced by acetic acid I believe) Also,
H2C:CH2 is ethylene. Balanced equation:
30g 9 CH3COOH + 1.55g C2H4 +4.88g 2 N2O = 32g 2 C10H16N2O8 + 4g 4 H2O Balanced equation:
13 CH3COOH + 4 NH3 = 2 C10H16N2O8 + 10 H2O + 3 C2H4 Ephedrine: C10H15NO
made synthetically. Balanced equation: 30g 11 C + 62g 3 C6H5CH3 + 15g 4 NH3 +
41g 4 C2H5OH = 4 C10H15NO Reaction type: synthesis
5 C 30g + 5 CH3OH 80 g + NH4OH 17 g = 82 g C10H15NO + 5 H2O (44 g water) Epinephrine: local anesthetic
potentiator, Aka Adrenaline:
C9H13NO3. 30g 26 C + 30.7g 10 CH3OH + 6g 4 NH3 + 3g O2 = 70.4g 4 C9H13NO3
Reaction type: synthesis
Ethanol: 100g 2 C +75g H2O + 16g 2 H2 = 191g C2H5OH
Reaction type: synthesis Note: hydrogen gas as follows, 572g 6 HCl +142g 2 Al = 16g 3 H2 +705g 2
AlCl3
Reaction type: single replacement
Ethyl Chloride: C2H5Cl local anesthetic. C2H5OH+HCl (catalyst: in the prescence of zinc chloride) =C2H5Cl.
Balanced equation:
100g 2 C2H5OH + 147g ZnCl2 = 140g 2 C2H5Cl + 107g Zn(OH)2
Reaction type: double replacement NOTE: possible starting point for sleeping pill synthesis; example:
C+C2H5Cl+NH4OH=C2H10NClO [C+C2H10NOCl]
Ethylene: H2C:CH2 made by dehydration of, ethanol, or cracking natural or coal gas. Balanced equation:
100g C2H5OH = 60g C2H4 + 40g H2O
Reaction type: decomposition CH4 methane polymer cracked equals CH2+H2. Cracking is done by heat and
pressure or catalysts ie, breaking hydrocarbons into lighter ones; example petroleum to gasoline. can dehydrate
alcohol by calcium chloride or other dehydrating methods.
Eucaine: alpha Eucaine:
C19H27NO4. 30g 14C+15g (CH2)5NH+12g 4H2O+1.5g 4H2=59.5g C19H27NO4. Balanced equation:
30g 14 C + 15g (CH2)5NH + 12g 4 H2O + 1.4g 4 H2 = 59.4g C19H27NO4
Reaction type: synthesis
Beta Eucaine: C15H21NO2 see benzyl piperazine. 0.7 g 10 C +0.5 g (CH2)5NH + 0.2g 2 H2O
+ .02g 3 H2 = 1.45g C15H21NO2
Reaction type: synthesis. see piperidine. Coal, muriotic acid, black pepper, lye (heated baking soda), gas
mixture with hydrogen gas (aluminium reacting with hydrochloric acid)
10g C17H19NO3 + 0.63g H2O = 2.9 8g (CH2)5NH + 7.65g C12H10O4 [catalyst NaOH/HCl]
Reaction type: double replacement C15H21NO2 + 2 C + O2 = C17H21NO4
Reaction type: synthesis
Synthesis from black pepper: 1. 150 g black pepper in 300 ml isopropyl. 2. wash with 100 ml iso/H2O and filter
through boxer shorts. 3. collect liquid and discard grounds. 4. add one liter of water saturated with baking soda,
baking soda (try sodium acetate from spent club soda gas generator) helps salt out the piperine as piperine is
insoluble in water. once piperine precipitates, filter thru boxer shorts, and keep the solids. KOH and Acetone rids
resins and filters/evaporates to piperine. wash the powder with water to rid the isopropyl, and filter thru paper towel.
dry the powder (crude piperine). Add piperine to lye and HCl mixture to form piperidine and piperic acid. or add
ammonia hydroxide and heat to white powder forms. Activate charcoal by adding HCl to charcoal and filter (see
dichloromethane). Can use hydrochloric acid plus aluminum to generate hydrogen gas. use tantalum electrodes
from old school televisions or other old electronic capacitors. Or graphite pencil lead electrodes can be used or a 2-
amp electrolysis using a cut phone charger, or two bridged 9-volt batteries with alligator clips and copper wire.
NOTE: Both Eucaine isomers are anologes of cocaine.

F Formaldehyde:
HCHO. Balanced equation:
30g CH3OH =28g HCHO + 1.88g H2
Reaction type: decomposition. add road salt to methanol (dehydrate with calcium chloride.) Note: nitric acid is
an oxidizer, and calcium chloride is a dehydrating agent. G
Gama
Hydroxy Butal (GHB): C4H8O3. CH3CH2CH2COOH+H2O2=C4H8O3+5H2O. Butric acid is in rancid butter and
sweat. Balanced equation:
2.6g CH3CH2CH2COOH + 1g H2O2 = 3g C4H8O3 + .5g H2O
Reaction type: double replacement
Gabapentin: C9H17NO2 Balanced equation:
C3H7NO2 + C6H6 + 2 H2 = C9H17NO2 Reaction type: synthesis C3 H7 NO 2 beta-alanine
plus benzene
Gentisic acid: C6H3(OH)2COOH. sodium salt used as an analgest + trypsin
Glucosamine: C6H13NO5 High fructose corn surup plus ammonia hydroxide, complexed with hydrochloric
acid. See: hyluronic acid. Balanced equation:
100g C6H12O6 + 19g NH4OH = 99.5g C6H13NO5 + 19g 2 H2O Reaction
type: double replacement Balanced equation:
100g C6H13NO5 + 20g HCl = 120g C6H14NO5Cl
Reaction type: synthesis
Glycerol: C3H5(OH3). hydrolysis of fats and oils.
H
Halopiperidineol: C21H23ClFNO2 tranqulizor/tourettes. Balanced equation:
30g 24 C + 138g 17 C6H6 + 26g 6 NaF + 24g 6 NaOH +21g 6 NH4OH + 66g 9 Cl2 =
234g 6 C21H23ClFNO2 + 73g 12 NaCl
Heroine: C17H17NO(C2H3O2)2 morphine is a 15 mg dose for reference. [cyclazocine is for blocking effects of
heroine]. Balanced equation:
100g 4 C8H11N + 0.41g H2 + 440g 26 Na(CH3COO) = 304g 4 C17H17NO(C2H3O2)2 +
21g 3 H2O2 + 214g 26 NaOH
Hordenine: C10H15NO. Barley + 70% alcohol or water?? Sprouted/?
Hormone Synthesis: aldosterone: C21H28O5, androstenedione: C19H26O2 precursur to testosterone,
androsterone:C19H30O2, corticosterone; C21H30O4, cortisone: C21H28O5, oxyto cine: C43H66N12S2 stimulates
uterus and milk, tachysterone: C28H44O, tamoxifen: C23H37NO10, thyroxine: C15H11I4NO4. SEE: testosterone
Hyaluronic acid: C14H21NO11. Glucosamine Hcl plus baking soda plus corn starch Balanced equation:
Balanced equation:
100g 8 C6H14NO5Cl +84g 9 C6H10O5 +
48g 10 NaHCO3 = 8 C14H21NO11 + 10 NaOH + 4 Cl2 + 17 H2O
Synthesis: mix 100 g corn surup + 100g NH4OH+ 100g 35% HCl in water, microwave till it begins to
splatter, cool the liquid, then add baking soda (about 46 g), add corn starch until a slurry (about 84
grams), microwavr again about 1 to 2 minutes until a brown bread-like substance forms.
Hydrocodone: C18H21NO3 Balanced equation:
10g C18H21NO3 + 5g C4H6O6 = 15g C22H27NO9 codeine plus tartaric acid.
Reaction type: synthesis synthesized from codeine or possibly thebaine. Hydrocodone bitartrate chemical formula:
C22H27NO9 note: C4H6O6 is tartaric acid; C4H5O6 is hydrogen tartrate from cream of tartar electrolysis.
Bitartrate refers to an acid radical containing C4H5O6. Balanced equation:
100g KC4H5O6 + 9.5g H2O = 79g C4H6O6 + 29g KOH Reaction type: double
replacement and KC4H5O6 = C4H5O6 + K
Reaction type: decomposition

5y5I
Ibogaine: C20H26N2O extract of dogbane family plants. Balanced equation:
30g 2 C10H13 + 4.95g N2O = 34.95g C20H26N2O
Reaction type: synthesis note: butylphenol is C10H13
Balanced equation: note: C10H13O is 1-methyl proyl benzene 30g 4 C10H13O +
3.42g 4 NH3 = 31g 2 C20H26N2O + .6g 6 H2 + 1.6g O2
Tannins precipitate alkaloids, oak bark has tannins. See vinblastine periwinkle alkaloids.
Ibuprophen: (isobutyl + propionic acid + phenol) C13H18O2. 30g 14 C + 39g 3 C2H5COOH + 40g 4 C4H9 =
110.4g 3 C13H18O2
Reaction type: synthesis
Imipramine: C19H24N2 antidepressant. Balanced equation:
30g C + 585g 3 C6H6 + 85g 2 NH3 = 700g C19H24N2
Reaction type: synthesis
Indol acetic acid: C10H9NO2 root hormone promotes growth.

J
K
Ketamine: C13H16ClNO*HCl. 56 C6H5CH3 + -33 CH3COCH3 + 24 NH4Cl
+ 19 H2CO3 = 24 C13H16ClNO
Reaction type: synthesis [toluene + acetone + hydrochloric acid + carbon dioxide + water +
ammonia]. Balanced equation:
56 C6H5CH3 + 24 NH4Cl + 19 H2CO3 = 24 C13H16ClNO + 33 CH3COCH3 Balanced equation: 30g 20 C6H5CH3
+ 13g 14 CH3COCH3 + 8g 7 Cl2 = 51g 14 C13H16ClO + .3g 10 H2 Balanced equation:
Balanced equation:
30g 26 C6H5CH3 + 6.2g 7 Cl2 +.2g 8 H2 + 2.8g 7 O2 = 39.2g 14 C13H16ClO Reaction type:
synthesis
L
Lapiz Lazuli gem: Na7Al12O24[SO4]2. Balanced equation:
113g 14 NaCl + 173g 16 Al(OH)3 + 30g 8 Al + 54f 4 H2SO4 = 294g 2 Na7Al12O24[SO4]2 + 68g 7 Cl2 + 7.84g 28
H2 600 degrees fareinheit.
Laural alcohol: C12H26O. CH3(CH2)10COOH+H2=C12H26O. see lauric acid Lauric acid:
CH3(CH2)10COOH. 50% coconut oil by weight.
Lidocaine: C14H22N2O*HCl [diethylaminoacetoxylidide+cocaine].
2C+H5C2OC2H5+CH3COOH +C6Cl6+2NH3+H2. Or.
8C+H5C2OC2H5+CH3COOH+3Cl2+2NH3+2H2 see NH4OH Balanced equation:
Balanced equation:
8 NH3 + 28 C3H6O = 4 C14H22N2O + 17 H2O + 7 H5C2OC2H5 or Balanced equation:
5.2g 8 NH4OH + 30g 28 C3H6O = 17.2g 4 C14H22N2O + 8.3g 25 H2O + 9.5g 7 H5C2OC2H5
8 NH3 + 28 C3H6O + 7 H5C2OC2H5= 4 C14H22N2O + 17 H2O ?????
Lithium Carbonate: Li2CO3. Li+HCl+Na2CO3=Li2CO3+NaCl heat. caution lithium is explosive in water/HCl
Lysergic acid diethylamide: C15H15N2CON(C2H5)2 seen as bitartrate, dosage: under 300 micrograms per 12
hours. 30g 6 H5C2OC2H5 + 14.5g 6 NH4OH + 30g 36 C
+ = 2 C15H15N2CON(C2H5)2 +5 C4H8O2. 58g C 28g ammonia hydroxide 60 g ether 60g ethyl
acetate=88g lysergic acid diethylamide
[88,000 micrograms] {300 mikes = .2g coal drop ammonia hydroxide 2 drop ether 20 plus drops dilute
ethyl acetae (ethanol plus vinegar)}
Balanced equation:
1g C16H17N3O + .55g 2 H5C2OC2H5 = 1.2g C15H15N2CON(C2H5)2 +.33g 2 C2H5OH Reaction type: double
replacement
Note: lysergic acid: 1g 26 C + .44g 4 NH4OH + .57g 3 CH3COOH = 1.7g 2 C16H16N2O2 + .3g 3 O2 NOTE:
LYSERGIC ACID AMIDE: Balanced equation:
1g C16H16N2O2 + .13g NH4OH = 1g C16H17N3O + .134g 2 H2O
Reaction type: double replacement
M
MDMA: C8H11N+H2O2+N2CO3=C11H15NO2 as hydrochloride. Balanced equation:
C8H11N + 3 NaHCO3 + 8 HCl = C11H15NO2 + 3 NaOH + 4 Cl2 + 2 H2O2 Balanced equation:
1g 2 C8H11N
+ 2g 6 NaHCO3 + .9g 6 HCl = 1.6g 2 C11H15NO2 + 1.4g 6 NaCl + .01g 2 H2 + .9g 7 O2
CH3COONa+C8H11N+O2=C11H15NO2+CO2+NaOH
Meclizine: C25H27ClN2 antihistamine [methyl benzene chloroform piperazine]. 6C+2C6H5CH3+CHCl3+
(C2H4NH)2=C25H27ClN2+Cl2. See: 30g 6 C
+ 2 76g C6H5CH3 +20g CHCl + 35g (C2H4NH)2 = 162g C25H27ClN2 Note: chloromethane is CHCl
Reaction type: synthesis Meperidine: C15H21NO2 tradename Demerol.
Balanced equation:
C + 2 HCl = CH2 + Cl2 note dichloromethane $13 as of 2018 a pint. Reaction type: single replacement
13g -23 CH2 + 30g 8 C6H5CH3 +2g 3 NH3 + 11g 6 C2H5OH = 30g 3 C15H21NO2
Reaction type: synthesis Balanced equation:
8 C6H5CH3 + 3 NH3 + 6 C2H5OH = 3 C15H21NO2 + 23 CH2 (methylene synthesis)
Balanced equation:
7 C6H5CH3 + 3 NH3 + 3 C2H5OH = 3 C15H21NO + 10 CH2
Meprobamate: C9H18N2O4 [methyl propyl dicarbamate]. 30g 3C+76g 2C2H5OH+101g 2NH2COOH=181g
C9H18N2O4+26g O2 Balance d equation:
30g 3 C + 76g 2 C2H5OH + 101g 2 NH2COOH = 181g C9H18N2O4 + 26g O2 carbamic acid has few salts and
esters. carbamic acid is in urethane C9H19N2O4. Carbamic acid is made by bubbling CO2 thru ammonia. Mix
do liquid lq. Extraction with Either?? Is meprobamate soluble in ether? _______Y or N please circle one. If yes,
evaporate ether; if no try acetone as solvent.
Menadione: C11H8O2 [methyl napthoquinone di one] derived from quinone, replase O by amino group.
Mescaline: C11H17NO3 according to Shulgin, 300mg dose HCl or H2SO4 salts (PIHKAL). Balanced
equation:
30g 3 C + 100g C8H11N + 44g 3 H2O = 175.89 C11H17NO3
Reaction type: synthesis (.3 coal .6 phenethylamine drop HCl 4ml H2O + H2) [H2=HCl+Al in gas generator]
Meerschaum: Mg4(Si2O5)3(OH)2*6H2O soft, othorhomboic, clay like mineral used for making smoking pipes and
bowl.
Morphine: C17H19NO3*H2O. Balanced equation:
2.57g 13 H2O2 + 30g 56 C6H5CH3 + 3.6g 5 C10H4 + 2.11g 13 N2 = 38.29 26 C17H19NO Reaction type: synthesis
NOTE: tetraethynylethene aka tetraethylmethane is C10H4 aka nonane commonly occurs in kerosene.
hydrogen peroxide plus toluene plus kerosene plus di-nitrogen.
Balanced equation:
-13 CH2 + 3 H2O2 + 31 C6H5CH3 + 6 N2O = 12 C17H19NO Note: CH2 is methylene. Reaction type:
synthesisBalanced equation:
3 H2O2 + 31 C6H5CH3 + 6 N2O = 12 C17H19NO + 13 CH2
Methadone: C21H27NO [6 di methyl a mino 4, 4 di phenol 3 heptane one] 5 and 10 mg dose. Balanced
equation:
30g 27 CH2O + 17g 27 NH3 + 239g 83 C6H6 + 22g 6 C7H16 = 309g 27 C21H27NO Reaction
type: synthesis Note: C\reH2O is formaldehyde Methamphetamine: C10H15N.
C+C6H5CH3+NH3+C2H5OH=C10H15N. Or. .2g 2C+1g C8H11N+.03g 2H2 =C10H15N seen commonly in a
hydrochloride salt complex. Balanced equation:
1g 2 C + 5g C8H11N + .16g 2 H2 = 6.12g C10H15N
Reaction type: synthesis Balanced
equation:
30g 4 C + 120g 6 CH3OH + 21g NH4OH = 93g C10H15N + 78g 7 H2O Balanced equation:
4 C + 6 CH3OH + NH3 = C10H15N + 6 H2O Note: methanol can cause blindness and is fatal in small amounts
Methaquelone: C16H14N2O. 3 NH3 + 17 C9H7N + C6H7(OH)4(COOH) + 2 O2 = 10 C16H14N2O or 30g 24 NH4OH
+ 755g 164 C9H7N + 27g 4 C6H7(OH)4(COOH) + 26g 23 O2 =
839g 94 C16H14N2O
Reaction type: synthesis
NH4OH+C9H7N+C6H7(OH)4(COOH)=C16H14N2O+3H2+3O2. Coffee beans = quinic acid, distilled bone =
quinoline.
Metopan HCl: C18H21NO3*HCl [methyl hydro morphinone] five times more potent than morphine. 3 milligram
dose. Balanced equation:
30g 14 C + 16g 2 C2H5OH + 6g NH4OH + .7g 2 H2 = 53g C18H21NO3
Reaction type: synthesis*HCl (1 g C 2 g H2O2 2 g NH3 gas with H2 * HCl)
N Nalaxone:
C19H21NO4 Balanced equation:
356g C17H19NO3 + 30g 2 C + 22g H2O = 408g C19H21NO4
Reaction type: synthesis (possibly made by coal, water, morphine, piperine, or thebaine.)
 O
Olivetol: C11H16O2 from some species of lichens [condensation reaction] According to Shulgin, olivetol plus oran
peel can make a THC like substance.
P

Pancreatic lipase dioxyribonuclease:

Paraldehyde: C6H12O3 sedative/hypnotic liquid acetaldehyde polymer.
Pentobarbital: C11H18N2O3 see amobarbital.
Pepsin: C6Cl6 enzyme (banned) Antiviral target molecule. C6Br6 + ethanol + ammonia + hydrochloric acid
Phenethylamine: 196 g C6H5OH+ 35 g NH3+ 95 g C2H5OH = 252 g C8H11N+ 75 g 2H2O
61g C6H5OH+ 30g C2H5OH +22g NH4OH = 78g C8H11N + 35g 3 H2O
Reaction type: double replacement
4 C + 4 CH3OH + NH4OH = C6H5CH2CH2NH2 + 5 H2O Note: methanol can cause blindness or be fatal.
Balanced equation:
30g 4 C2H8O + 30g 16 C + 16g 3 NH4OH (catalyst electrolysis) = 56g 3 C6H5CH2CH2NH2 + 19g 7 H2O
Phenylcyclidinepiperidine: (PCP) HCl: C17H25N. Balanced equation:
30g 6 C + 35g (CH2)5NH + 35g C6H14 = 101g C17H25N
Reaction type: synthesis see DMSO for
hypoallergenic skin solvent.
Phenobarbital: C12H12N2O3 anticonvulsant sleeping pill. Balanced equation:
36.5g3 C4H4O3N2 + 30g 4 C6H6 = 56.5g 3 C12H12N2O3
Reaction type: synthesis uric acid is in bird pee. Barbituric acid is C5H4N4O3+H2. bird pee plus vinegar = acetic
ureide. [Note: see malonic acid, HOO CCHCOOH, used to synthesis barbituates.]
Phenol: Balanced equation:
100g 18 C + 64g 3 C2H5OH + 8g H2O = 172g 4 C6H5O
Reaction type: synthesis
Phenylbutazone: C19H20N2O2 analgest arthritis. Balanced equation:
30g 2 C + 705g 6 C6H5OH + 154g 2 H2N2O2 = 770g 2 C19H20N2O2 + 120g 3 O2 (N2O = relieve air compressor
from drain valve) Balanced equation: hyponitrous acid: 2443g N2O + 1000g H2O =3443g H2N2O2
Reaction type: synthesis
Phenylpropanolamine: C9H13NO*HCl amphetamine like. Phenytoin:
C15H11N2O2. Balanced equation:
30g 168 C+2.7g 2 C6H5OH+12.5g 24 NH4OH =
44.8g 12 C15H11N2O2 +.4g O2 3C+2C6H5OH+2NH3+3H2O2=C15H11N2O2+5H2+OH
Penicilamine: C5H11NO2S treats arthritus rheumetoid and Wilsons disease.
Pentazocine:C19H27NO used in place of morphine. Balanced equation:
18g 3 CH2O + 10g 3 NH3 + 178g 11 C6H6 = `178g 3 C19H27NO + 30 12 C
Piperidine: toxic (CH2)5NH made by hydrolysis of piperine. piperine plus lye/HCl.
Procaine: C13H20N2O2*HCl. C6H6+C2H5Cl+CO2+H5C2OC2H5+N2=C13H20N2O2 Balanc ed equation:
30g 44 C6H6 + 21g 39 C2H5Cl + 8g 21 CO2 + 23g 36 H5C2OC2H5 + 9.5g 39 N2 = 92g 39
C13H21ClN2O2
Reaction type: synthesis
Promethazine: C17H20N2S propyl dimethyl amine. (CH3)2NH [2C+NH3+2H2O] + 2SO4+8C= C12H9NS
(phenythiazine). PHENYTHIAZINE +??2 C6H6+H2SO4??=C17H20N2S.
Balanced equation:
30g 5 C + 76g 2 C6H6 + 17g 2 NH3 + 48g H2SO4 = 142g C17H20N2S + 31g 2 O2 Balanced equation:
71 C + 16 C3H8O + 14 NH3 + 7 H2SO4 = 7 C17H20N2S + 22 H2O2
Propoxyphene HCl: C22H29NO2 [propionic acid+oxy+phene]
2C+2CH4+CH3CH2CO2+6C6H5OH+2NH3+8H2+CL2=2C22H29NO2*HCl+7H2+3O2 ???
Psilocybin: C12H17N2O4P. Balanced equation:
18.6g H3PO3 + 30g 11 C +2.2g 5 H2 +13.6g CO(NH2)2 = 64.5g C12H17N2O4P or
Reaction type: synthesis 30g 24 C + 37g 3 C8H11N + 34g 4 H3PO3 + 18g 5 NH4OH =
118g 4 C12H17N2O4P +1.8g H2O or
69g 3 Na5P3O10 + 3g 4 C + g 5 NH4OH + 98g 13 C8H11N + 15g 8 O2 = 160g 9 C12H17N2O4P + 37g 15 NaOH note:
Na5P3O10 is tri sodium phosphate, C8H11N is phenethylamine, NH4OH is ammonia hydroxide, and
Pyrrolidine is C4H9N
phosphurous acid on an industrial scale, the acid is prepared
by hydrolysis of phosphorus trichloride with water or steam:[3] PCl3 + 3 H2O →
HPO(OH)2 + 3 HCl. Bone ash consists of 55% calcium oxide and 42% phosphurous pentoxide and 2% water.
Balanced equation:
76g PCl3 + 30g 3 H2O = 45g H3PO3 +60g 3 HCl
Reaction type: double replacement

PRYP: my synthetic capric acid plus calcium phosphate. Phosphurous in bones. apatite in bones

Q
R
Ribonuclease: C20H15N3O6 enzyme Antiviral target molecule Ritalin:
C14H19NO2*HCl. Balanced equation:
2 C + 2 C6H5OH + 21g NH3 + 5g 2 H2 = 291g C14H19NO2
Reaction type: synthesis 30g 2C+235g C6H5OH+NH3+2H2*HCl=C14H19NO2*HCl Rohypnol:
{Banned in U.S./ruffies} C16H12FN3O3. Balanced equation:
30g 38 C + 2.5g 2 F +
13.8 6 NH4OH =41g 2 C16H12FN3O3 + 5gC6H6 10C+C6H6+F+3NH4OH =C16H12FN3O3 (coal gasoline
ammonia hydroxide flouride toothpaste) S
Scopalamine:C17H21NO4 used as a hydrobromide salt hypoalergenic patch. 72 hour duration in low mg dose.
possible synthesis: piperidine +NH3+4H2O. toilet tablets have bromine in them.
see DMSO for transdermal patch, or smelling salts, for powder. Balanced equation:
120g 17 (CH2)5NH + 30g 20 H2O = 126g 5 C17H21NO4 + 17g 12 NH3 + 7g 43 H2 Smelling salt:
Carbonate of ammonium NH3CO3 Stelazine: C21H24F3N3S*2HCl. Balanced equation:
30g 48 C + 17g 9 F2 + 52g 13 C6H6 + 30g 6 H2SO4 + 15g 18 NH3 = 127g 6 C21H24F3N3S + 20g 12 O2 substitute
ammonia hydroxide for sodium amide, because sodium amide is unstable.
Succinyl choline chloride: {paralizes respiratory muscles} C14H30N2Cl2O4.
Sulfon Methane: C7H16O4S2 hypnotic/sporific sleeping pill. Balanced equation:
30g 4 C + 30g 3 CH4 + 122g 2 H2SO4 = 142g C7H16O4S2 + 40g 2 O2
T
Tetrahydrocannabinol THC: C21H30O2 Balanced equation:
49g 36 C6H5CH3 + 23g 17 C6H5OH + 30g 27 H5C2OC2H5 = 103g 22 C21H30O2
Reaction type: synthesis toluene plus phenol plus diethylether or
Balanced equation:
30g 36 (CH3)2C6H4 + 30g 25 C6H5OH + 122g 27 H5C2OC2H5 = 39g 26 C21H30O2
Reaction type: synthesis xylene plus phenol plus diethylether
(eugenol plus monoterpene Balanced equation:
54g 8 C10H12O2 +51g 9 C10H16 = 104g 8 C21H30O2 + 1g 2 C Reaction type:
double replacement )
Thebaine: C19H21NO3. Balanced equation:
13g 21 CH2O + 2.4g 7 NH3 + 30g 16 C6H5CH3 = 44g 7 C19H21NO3 + .9g 2 H2 (used to make naloxone, methane,
oxygen)
Theophylline: C7H8N4O2 dosage in mg, crystal is a water complex. CH2 is methylene Balanced
equation:
5.3g CH2 + 30g C6H6 + 33g 2 N2O = 69.19g C7H8N4O2
Reaction type: synthesis
Testosterone: androstenedione: C19H26O2 precursur to testosterone. [see section on hormone synthesis].
Thyroxine: C15H11I4NO4 treats cretinism. Balanced equation:
37.8g 37 CO2 + 30g 14 C6H5CH3 + 7.2g 9 NH4OH + 125.4g 36 NaI = 162g 9 C15H11I4NO4 +
33g 36 NaOH + 4g 11 H2O
Thiram: C6H12N2S4. Balanced equation:
30g 6 C + 116g 4 H2SO4 + 14g 2 NH3 = 100g C6H12N2S4 + 0.83g H2 g+ 106g 8 O2 Toluene: Balanced
equation:
100g 8 C +125g 2 C3H8O =191g 2 C6H5CH3 + 33g O2
Reaction type: single replacement Note: C3H8O=isopropyl alcohol (100g C 125g isopropyl alcohol=191g
Toluene+ 33g diatomic oxygen)
Trimethodion: C6H9NO3 for treatment of epilepsy.
Tropine: C8H15NO {XXX}. Hydrolysis of atropine or hyscoamine. Trypsin:
C35H47N7O enzyme Antiviral target molecule Tyrosine: C9H11O3N in
putrified cheese.
U
Urethane: C3H7NO2. CO(NH2)2+HNO3+C2H5OH= C3H7NO2 or ammonia plus ethyl carbamate. [NH3+
(C2H5OH+N2COOH)]
V
Valeric acid: C4H9COOH. Made synthetically, or from valerian plant. Balanced equation:
49g CH3COOH + 30g 3 C + 5g 3 H2 = 85g C4H9COOH
Reaction type: synthesis
Viagra: Balanced equation: 30g 22 C +11g H2SO4 +23g 6 NH4OH
+ 1g 5 H2 = 54g C22H30N6O4S + 12g 6 H2O 16 g viagra + 26 g H2O Erectile disfunction drug.
Sold as citrate ester 100mg dose. note: H2SO4 is epsom salt mixed with muriotic acid
(18g HCl + 30g MgSO4= 24g H2SO4+23g MgCl2)

W
X
Xannax: C17H13ClN4 1mg dose. anti-anxiety/depression. !

Xylene: C8H10 from: coal tar, wood tar, petroleum.

Y
Z

PART 2: Lexigraphy listing of relevant chemicals.

A
ABS: acrylonitrile butadene styrene; resin. Hard plastic for car parts, counter tops.
Abscisic acid: C15H20O4
Acaroid resin: a red or yellow balsamic alcohol-soluble resin from Australian grass trees used chiefly in varnishes,
printing inks, and paper sizes
— called also accroides, gum accroides

Acepromazine: C19H22N2OS used to immobilize large animals Acetal:

CH3CH(OC2H5)2; liquid hypnotic.
Acetaldehyde: CH3CHO by oxidation of ethylene
Acetaminophen: CH3CONHC6H4OH fever pain
Acetanilide: C6H5NHCOCH3 acetic acid on aniline, fever/pain Acetate:
with radical; CH3COO- Acetic acid: CH3COOH; lq.
Acetic anhydride: (CH3CO)2O; lq.
Acetin: C3H5(OH)2OOCCH3
Acetone: CH3COCH3 lq. Flammable
Acetyl: CH3CO radical derived from acetic acid.
Acetylcholine: (CH3)3N(OH)CH2CH2OCOCH3
Acetylene: HC:*CH g by water and calcium carbide.
Acridine: C13H9N cry. Cyclic in coal tar
Acriflavin: C14H14N3Cl Acrolein:
CH2:CHCHO lq.
Acrylamide: H2C:CHCONH2 toxic cry. From acrylnitrile Acrylate: C3H3O2 salt
used as a monomer.
Acrylic resin: H2C:CHCOOH acrylic fiber is 85% acrylic by weight
Acrylonitrile: H2C:CHCN boils 78 degrees celcius rubber gloves.
C+NH3+CH3COOH=H2C:CHCN fiber.
Actinolite: Ca2(Mg,Fe)5(Si8O22)OH2 shists, marble.
Actinomycete: tests positive on gram positive bacteria, human pathogen.
Actinon: isotope of Raydon. ½ life 3.92 seconds. Formed by disintigration of Atinium. Activated carbon: several
ways to activate carbon. HCl, Heat/destructive distill coal, or peat with steam or CO2.
Adamsite: C6H4(AsCl)(NH)C6H4 chemical warfare. Acyclovir:
C8H11O3N5 crys. Herpes/virus drug
Acyl: Radical RCO by removing OH from organic acid.
Acyloin: Ketone group with formula RCH(OH)COR ex: benzoin.
Adenine: C5H5N5 crys. Purine base in DNA, RNA, and ADP of all tissue.
Adenosine: C5H5N5*C5H9O4 Hydrolysis of yeast, neucleic acid. Nucleoside consisting of adenine and ribose.
ADP: C10H15N5O10P Biochemical nucleotide, energy is stored in this molecule.
Adrenochrome: C9H9NO3 Biochemical red, oxidized from epinephrine. Homeostatic.
Adriamycin: C27H30ClNO11 destroys tumors, injection
Alalnine: CH3CH(NH2)COOH Amino acid, H2O soluble, biochemical research. Albite:
NaSi3O8 in granite and syenite / in plutonic rocks Albuterol: (C13H21NO3)2*H2SO4
bronchiodiolator.
Alcohol: C2H5OH class of organics with one or more OH.
Aldehyde: containing CHO group within molecule. Ex: acetaldehyde, formaldehyde. Aldol:
CH3CHOHCH2CO sedative Aldose: sugar with CHO group.
Aldotesterone: C21H28O5
Aldrin: C12H8Cl6 Banned by FDA. Insecticide, conrols electrolite / H2O Alginic acid:
(C6H8O)n jelly extracted from brown seaweed or kelp. Alkali metal: 6 metals in group
1A. Li, Na, K, Rubidium, Cesium, Francium Alkaloid: heterocyclic organic crystals with
nitrogen; in plants and animals.
Alkali earth metal: group 2A
Alkane: CnH2n+2 Saturated hydrocarbons with open chains, methane, paraffin
Alkene: unsaturated open chain hydrocarbon CnH2n ex ethylene
Alkyl: noncyclic saturated hydrocarbon radical: CnH2n-1
Alkyne: unsaturated open chain with a triple bond CnH2n-2 acetylene series
Allethrin: C19H26O3 lq. insecticide
Allyl: radical H2C:CHCH2 allylic
Allyl alcohol: XXX lq. H2C:CHCH2OH used in resins plactisizers
Allyl resin: thermosetting vinyl from ally alcohol and di basic acids, laminating, resistant to chemicals and heat.
Alnico: alloys of cobalt and nickel, strong magnet.
Alum: KAl(SO4)2*12H2O monovalent with trivalent metal. potassium aluminum sulfate is most common.
Alumina: Al2O3 in clay, aluminum oxide, bauxite.
Aluminum hydroxide: Al(OH)3 from bauxite, glass, paper, antacids.
Aluminum sulfate: Al2(SO4)3 sizing paper, tanning, purifying water, fixing dyes.
Alunite: KAl3(SO4)2OH6 Produces alum
Amantadine HCl: C10H17N*HCl influenza/Parkinson's
Amatol: Ammonium nitrate and trinitrotoluene (TNT) explosive.
Amblygonite: (Li,Na)Al(PO4)(F,OH) in igneous pegmatite, lithium ore
Amide: organics with (CO.NH2 or metal radical) in place of 1 H atom
Amidine: RC(:NH)NH2
Amidogen: radical NH2 (a hypothetical radical)
Amidol: C6H3(NH2)2OH*2HCl photo developer
Amino: H in ammonia replaced by alkyl or non-acidic organic radical
Amino acid: acid organic with COOH and amino NH2. (COOH is carbonyl).
Amine: derivative of ammonia, H is replaced by C and H atoms; non-acid atoms radicals.
Aminobenzoic acid: NH2C6H4COOH suntan/dye drug
Aminophenol: NH2C6H4OH dye photo developer
Aminopyrine: C13H17N3O fever reducer, causes agranocytosis
Amino resin: thermosetting, formed by condensing amine (ex: urea) with an aldehyde, permenent press
fabric
Aminotriazole: NHNC(NH2)NCH weed killer, carcinogen
Amitriptyline: C20H23N*HCl depression/ pain drug
Ammonia chloride: NH4Cl NH4OH+HCl dry cell electrolite. Non-spillable
Ammonia hydroxide: NH4OH 10% in water solution sold commercially for $1 per gallon.
Ammonium nitrate: NH4NO3 Explosives, nitric acid
Ammonium sulfate: (NH4)2SO4 water treatment, fertilizers
Ammonium: monovalent radical, NH4 (acid in salts of ammonium)
Amobarbitol: C11H18N2O3 sedative / hypnotic
Amodiaquin: C20H22ClN3O treats maleria, quinoline d. HCl Amoxicillin:
C16H19N3O5S from ampicillin, bacteria diseases AMP: C10H14N5O7P present in
all living cells.
Amphetamine: C6H5CH2(NH2)CH3
Amphoterican B: C46H73N20 antibiotic for canditis parasitic fungus
Ampicillin: C16H19N3O4S from penecillin for bacterial infection
Amygdalin: cry. Glycoside C20H27NO11 source of laetrile, in almonds
Amyl: isomeric radical C5H11
Amyl alcohol: C5H11OH ferment starch. in fusel oil.
Amylene: lq. C5H10 pentene
Amyl nitrite: lq. C5H11NO2 diolates blood vessel
Amylose: inner water soluble content of starch a group (C6H10O5)n converted to two or more sugars by
hydrolysis.
Anabolic steroid: synthetic steroid hormone, grows tissue
Androstenedione: C19H26O2 weak hormone, precursure to testosterone and estrogen
Androsterone: C19H30O2 weak hormone, in urine
Anhydrite: CaSO4
Aniline: C6H5NH2 derivative of benzene, rubber additive
Anion: negative charged ion, moves towards anode
Anisol: C6H5OCH3 heat phenol with methyl alcohol. Used in perfume
Ankerite: Ca(Fe,Mg,Mn)(CO3)2 variety of dolomite
Annabergite: (Ni,CO)3(AsO4)2*8H2O variety of Erythrite
Anthracene: cyclic C6H4(CH)2C6H4 distill coal tar
Anthranilic acid: NH2C6H4COOH drugs/dyes
Anthraquinone: Ketone C6H4(CO)21C6H4 benzene on phthalilic anhydride
Antimonyl: SbO in salts monovalent radical
Antimony trisulfate: Sb2S3 matches fireproofing fabrics, orange pigment
Antipyrine: (CH3)2(C6H5)C3HN2O pain/fever with benzocaine
Apatite: Ca5(PO4)3 or Ca5(CO3)3 (F,OH,Cl) teeth, bones, sedementary rock
Arabic: C5H10O6 an acid in gum arabic
Arabinose: C5H10O5 a pentose found in vegetible gums
Arginine: NHC(NH2)NH(CH2)3CH(NH2)COOH amino acid
Argyrodite: Ag8GeS in silver veins, source of Ge
Arsenic acid: H3AsO4 makes insecticides and medicine
Arcinec trioxide: AsO3 exterminates insects and rodents
Arsphenamine: [OH*C6H3(NH2*HCl)*As]2 syphillus med
Asparagine: NH2COCH2CH(NH2)COOH amino acid
Asparatame: C14H18N2O5 200 times sweeter than sucrose
Aspartic acid: COOHCH2CH(NH2)COOH
Asprin: CH3COOC6H4COOH acetyl salcyclic acid
ATP: C10H16P3O13N5 a nucleotide in all living cells
Atrazine: C8H14ClN5 controls grassy weeds, herbicide
Atropine: C17H23NO3 relieves spasam and dialates pupil, in belladonna plant
Augite: igneous rock (Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe,Al,Ti)(Si,Al)2O6
Autunite: Ca(UO2)2(PO4)2*10-12H2O radioactive mineral
Azathioprine: C9H7N7O2S prevents transplant rejection
Azobenzene: C6H5N:NC6H5 nitrobenzene + NaOH+H2O
Azide: compound with the group N
Azine: 6-member ring with one N or more N
B
Baking Soda: NaHCO3 fire extinguisher, mouthwash, antacid, levening Barbital: C8H12N2O3
toxic [diethyl barbituric acid] bird pee plus ether Barbituric acid: C4H4O3N2 from uric acid,
polymerization catalyst.
Barium: alkali earth metal found in carbonate and sulfate form
Barium chloride: BaCl2 XXX
Barium hydroxide: Ba(OH)2 lubricant, grease, soap, sugar, water softener.
Barium oxide: BaO toxic, forms carbonate at high temp
Barium peroxide: BaO2 bleach, used in making hydrogen peroxide
Barium sulfate: BaSO4 aids in diagnostic X-ray, paint pigment, is the mineral barite. Barley sugar: barley
extract plus melted sugar candy
Base: donates electron to an acid to form salt, covalent bond. The hydroxyl of a base is replaced with a negative ion
Batrachotoxin: C31H42N2O6 (frog phyllobates)
BCME: CH2ClOCH2Cl formaldehyde plus hydrochloric acid, colorless liquid carcinogen
Bebeerine: C36H38N2O6 anti maleria alkaloid from bark of bebeerine tree
Benzene: C6H6 a light petroleum distillate in solvents, and gasoline, high octane rating. Has alternate double bonds
between the carbon atoms, 6 carbon ring, where one or more H is replaced
Benzedine: NH2C6H4C6H4NH2 red organic base Benzo: C6H4
divalent radical.
Benzocaine: C6H4NH2COOC2H5 powder
Benzoic acid: C6H5COOH from toluene, perfume
Benzoin: C6H5CHOHCOC6H5 antiseptic ointments
Benzophenone: C6H5COC6H5 a ketone, flavor crystal fragrance
Benzopyrene: C20H12 in smoke and coal tar, aromatic carcinogen
Benzoyl: C6H5CO in benzoic acid
Berberine: C20H17NO4 in barberry etc. For diabeties etc. floureces yellow in ultraviolet light.
Beryl: Be3Al2Si6O18 emerald ore aquamarine and Beryllium
Betaine: (CH3)3NCH2COO from beet or synthetic
Betanaphtol: C10H8O isomer of napthol
BHA: (CH3)CC6H3OHOCH3 waxy preservative with fats and oils BHT:
[C(CH3)3]2CH3C6H2OH added to rubber, fuel, food Bicarbonate: HCO3 monovalent
salt of carbonic acid.
Biocatalyst: hormone, enzyme, or substance that helps produce a chemical reaction.
Biotin: C10H16O3N2S Vitamin H, in egg-yokes and liver/ dried yeast has less; 14 micrograms per 7 grams.
Biotite: K(Mg,Fe)3(Al,Fe)Si3O10(OH)2 in igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks.
Bi-sulfate: monovalent negative radical HSO4.
Bi-tartrate: acid tartrate with monovalent negative radical C4H5O6
Bohr theory: electrons revolve in definate orbitals, and radiation only occurs electron changes orbital
Borneol: C10H17OH terpene alcohol from Asian tree, perfume
Bornite: Cu5FeS4
Boron Carbide: B4C nuclear reactors, almost as hard as diamond
Bose Einstein condensate: -276 Celcius or zero Kelvin. Unique state of matter. Atoms in the same quantum state.
Bromine: gas in fire extinguishers, in upper deck toilet tablets
Brucine: XXX poison C23H26N2O4 nux vomica seeds, local anesthetic
Buffers: substance that neutralize acid in solution
Butacaine sulfate: (C18H30N2O2)2*H2SO4 buta ne + co caine, local anesthetic
Butadiene: H2C:CHHC:CH2 from petroleum, rubbers and resins
Butane: isobutane C4H10 alkane fuel
Butanone: methyl ethyl ketone
Butanol: butyl alcohol C4H9OH solvent/synthesis, from petroleum
Butyl: monovalent radical C4H9. Butyl rubber
Butyl aldehyde: CH3(CH2)2CHO solvent synthetic rubber.
Butyric acid: CH3CH2CH2COOH. Butyric acid is in rancid butter and sweat, flavor/fragrance. See GHB.
Butyrin: C3H5(C4H7O2)3 a glyceryl ester of butyric acid.

C
Cacodyl: As(CH3)2 it's compounds are poisonous XXX, radical of arsenic and methyl.
Caffeine: C8H10N4O2 tea, coffee, kola, stimulant alkaloid
Cadaverine: lq. ptomaine NH2(CH2)5NH2 produced by microorganisms on protein, as decaying fish
Cadmium sulfate: CdS yellow paints, semiconductors
Calaverite: AuTe2 monoclinic mineral, some silver
Calcite: CaCO3 marble, limestone, chalk
Calcium: always in combination
Calcium Arsenate: Ca3(AsO4)2
Calcium Carbide: CaC2 produces acetylene and calcium cyamide
Calcium carbonate: CaCO3 lime, paints and plastics
Calcium channel blocker: drugs that relax smooth muscle, prevents calcium from entering cells, for angeia pectoris
Calcium Chloride: CaCl2 dehydrating agent, deicer
Calcium Cyamide: CaCN2 weed killer fertilizer
Calcium hydroxide: Ca(OH)2 plaster, morter made by H2O on CaO
Calcium oxide: CaO known as lime, caustic, made by heating calcium hydroxide.
Calcium phosphate: CaPO, CaPO3, CaPO4 in bones etc.
Camphene: C10H16 synthetic from pinene
Camphore: C10H16O cellulose, plastic, moth repellant, stimulant irritant
Cannibinol: C21H26O2 in hemp plant
Capric acid: CH3(CH2)8COOH glyceride in oil and fats, artificial flavor, perfumes
Caproic acid: CH3(CH2)4COOH lq. Aminmal fats, makes esters
Caprolactum: C16H11NO monomer for synthetic fiber and plastic
Caprylic acid: CH3(CH2)6COOH dye drug perfume
Capsaicin: C18H27NO3 alkaloid in peppers
Captan: C9H8Cl3NO2S fungicide on fruit and flowers
Captopril: C9H15NO3S lowers blood pressure, treats heart failure
Carbamic acid: NH2COOH in urethane. Few salts and esters Balanced equation: CO2 + NH3 = NH2COOH
Reaction type: synthesis
Carbaryl: C12H11NO2 Sevin neurotoxin
Carbazole: (C6H4)2NH in anthracene, dyes explosives
Carbanion: transient organic negative charged ion; H3C-, R3C-, that has one or more electron than the free radical.
Carbide: compound of carbon with metal ex: CaC
Carbocyclic: organic ring compound where all members are C, aliphatic. ex: benzene
Carbohydrate: Cx(H2O)y sugars, starches, cellulose, mono, di, trisaccarrides
Carbolic acid: see phenol
Carbon dioxide: CO2 product of combustion, respiration
Carbonic acid: H2CO3 bubble CO2 into water, may exist only in solution Balanced equation:
CH3COOH + NaHCO3 = CH3COONa + H2CO3
Reaction type: double replacement
Carbonium: transient organic positive charged ion; H3C+, R3C+, that has one less electron than corresponding
radical
Carbon monoxide: CO XXX incomplete combustion of carboneous material, pale blue flame Carboxylate: Salt or
ester of carboxyl acid, amino and fatty acids. COOH
Carbonyl: CO group
Carbon tetrachloride CCl4 solvent for fat/oil
Carnallite: MgCl2*KCl*6H2O valuable source of fat and oil
Carnotite: radioactive K2(UO2)(VO4)2*3H2O
Caracrol oil: (CH3)2CHC6H3(CH3)(OH) extracted from essential oils
Catechin: C15H14O6 yellow acid, textile printing
Ceftriaxone: C18H18N8O7S cephalosporin, for severe infections
Celestite: orthorhombic mineral SrSO4 chief ore of Strontium sulfate
Cellulase: enzyme in fungi and bacteria. Breaks cellulose into smaller molecules by hydrolysis
Celluloid: thermoplastic made from pyroxylin and camphor
Cellulose: fibers of all plant tissue (C6H10O5)x paper, textile, explosives, pills
Cerotic: two fatty acids; C26H52O2, and C27H54O2 esters found in beeswax and other oils and waxes
Chalcanthite: CuSO4*5H2O hydrous copper sulfate ore
Choral: CCl3CHO chlorine on ethanol, manufacture of DDT
Chloral hydrate: CCl3*2CH(OH)2
Chloramine: NH2Cl used to make hydrazine
Chloramphenicol: C11H12Cl2N2O5 antibiotic
Chlorate: salt of chloric acid ClO3- monovalent radical
Chlorcyclizine: C18H21ClN2 antihistamine for allergies
Chlordane: XXX oil C10H6Cl

) Chlordiazapoxide: librium C16H14ClN3O

Chloric: HClO3 pentavalent Cl only in solution
Chloride of lime: CaOCl2 treat slacked lime with chlorine, disinfectant bleach
Chlorite: ClO2 monovalent salt of chlorous acid
Chlorite mineral: (Mg,Al,Fe)12(Si,Al)8O20(OH)16
Chlorobenzene: C6H5Cl liquid solvent, laquers, synthesis
Chloroform: deadly solvent CHCl3
Chlorophyll: a; C55H72MgN4O5, b; C55H70MgN4O6 used as topical medicine Chlorohydrin:
ClCH2CHOHCH2OH; HCl plus glycerin, epoxides, a polyhydric alcohol, compound with hydroxyl group replaced
by a chlorine atom. See: polyol
Chloroprene: lq. H2C:CHCl:CH2 from acetylene polymerized to form neoprene
Chlorothiazide: C7H6ClN3O4S2 hypertension, heart failure, and edemeas
Chlorous: HClO2 unstable acid only in solution
Chloropromazine: (propyl dimethyl amine) C17H20N2S+(CH3)2NH C12H9NS a synthetic drug C17H19ClN2S
nausia and mental disorders
Chlorotetracycline: C22H23ClN2O8 antibiotic from streptomycese Cholic acid
C24H40O5 in bile with amino acids.
Choline: viscous fluid (CH3)N(OH)CH2CH2OH in animal and vegetable tissues, precursure to acetylcholine,
lecithin, etc. (read about nerve impulse transmission)
Chrome: Chromium or alloy plating
Chrome alum: KCr(SO4)2*12H2O tanning dying
Chrome green: Cr2O3 chrome oxide
Chrome red: PbCrO4*PbO red crystal pigment
Chrome yellow: PbCrO4 yellow pigment
Chromic acid: H2CrO4 only in solution or salts
Chromite: FeCr2O4 chief ore of chromium
Chromium picolinate: C18H12CrN3O6 nutrition supplement Chrysarobin: C15H12O3
from araroba yellow crys.
Chrysolite: yellow/green gem derived from olivine.
Chrysoberyl: BeAl2O4 used as a gem
Cimetidine: C10H16NS blocks histamine receptors, treats ulcers
Cinerin: C20H28O3 or C21H28O5 in pyrethrum flowers
Cinamic: C6H5*CH:CH*COOH from benzaldehyde/in cinnimon oil
Ciprofloxicin: C17H18FN3O3*HCl*H2O antibiotic
Citral: lq, aldehyde C9H15*CHO oil of lime lemon
Citric: C6H8O7 citric acids dyes citrates
Citrate: salt of citric acid flavors
Clomiphene: C26H28ClNO*C6H8O7 stimulates ovulation
Clonidine: C9H8Cl2N3*HCl eases narcotic withdraw
Coal tar: Aka unrefined oil, destructive distillation of bitimous coal
Cocaine: C17H21NO4
Codeine: C18H21NO3*H2O
Compazine: C28H32ClN3S nausia/anxiety drug
Congo red: C32H22O6N6S2Na2 acid base indicator Copper sulfate:
CuSO4*5H2O blue crystal pigments.
Corticosterone: C21H30O4 aids carbohydrate metabolism and muscles (possibly helps diabetics)
Cortisone: C21H28O5 hormone steroid
Cresol: lq. CH3C6H4O6 fractional coal tar distillation, beechwood tar or guaiac resin, antiseptic wood preservative
Cryptoxanthin: C40H56O pigment, converted to Vitamin A in body, found in butter, eggs, plants
Cupferron: C6H5N(NO)ONH4 precipitates copper, iron, aluminum etc. Soluble in water and alcohol.
Currie's Law: ratio of magnetism of a paramagnetic substance to magnetizing force is inverse to absolute
temperature
Currie's Point: substance changes from ferro magnetic to paramagnetic. Usually lower than melting point.
Cyamide: H2N*CN Co2 with Calcium cyamide plus H2O, used to make other chemicals, as thiourea
Cyanic acid: XXX N:COH by heating cyanuric acid
Cyanide: KCN NaCN XXX
Cyanine: C29H35N2I blue crys.
Cyanohydrin: XXX flamable g. N:C*C:N the radical CN
Cyanuric acid: C3N3(OH3) heat urea, medacine
Cyclamate: C6H11NHSO3H sweetener sodium salt or calcium salt used.
Cyclazocine: C18H25NO pain killer non-addictive
Cyclonite: C3H6N6O6 explosive rat poison
Cycloparaffin: CnH2n three or more carbon closed chain, ex cyclohexane
Cyclopentane: C5H10 from certain petroleums
Cyclizine: C18H22N2 motion sickness
Cyclohexane: C6H12 paint thinner
Cyclophosphamide: C7H15Cl2N2O2P cancer med
Cyclopropane: C3H6 general anesthetic
Cymene: CH3C6H4CH(CH3)2 in cumin thyme, and from toluene
Cysteine: amino acid H5CH2CH(NH2)COOH from cysteine
Cystine: amino acid C4H6(NH2)S2(COOH)2
Cytosine: C4H5N3O in nucleic acids of all tissues. Links with guanine in DNA
D
Dapson: cry. (C6H4NH2)2SO2 treats lepracy/herpes like
DBCP: causes sterility pesticide CH2BrCHBrCH2Cl
DDD: (ClC6H4)2CHCHCl2 related to DDT, insecticide
DDT: Toxic/restricted (ClC6H4)2CHCCl3 insecticide
Decane: C10H22 alkane in petroleums, ie kerosine
DEET: C12H17NO2 neurotoxin
Deoxycorticosterone: C21H30O3 corticosteroid, kidney retention
Dioxyribose: C5H10O4 sugar component of DNA
Depoprovera: C24H24O4 synthetic progestin, treats kidney cancer, and prevents contreception
DHEA: precurser to testosterone/ estrogen hormones
Deoxyribonuclease: C10H13N5O4 enzyme Antiviral target molecule
Dextro: towards the right
Diazepam: C16H13ClN2O tranqulizer/muscle relaxer Diazine: 4 C and 2 N
in a ring C4H4N2 esp. 3 isomers.
Diazinone: C12H21N2O3PS fly insectiside
Diazoamine: N:N*NH group within a molecule
Dichloromethane: CH2Cl2. 30g C + 183 g 2 HCl = 212 g CH2Cl2 Reaction type: synthesis. Solvent.
Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid: C6H3Cl2OCH2COOH 2,4-D kills weeds but not grass, chloride derivative of phenol
and acetic acid.
Dichromic: H2Cr2O7 only in solution or combo
Dieldrin: toxic C12H8OCl6 restricted by law
Diethylcarbinol: isomer of amyl alcohol used in drugs and as a solvent. (CH3CH2)2CHOH
Diethylstilbestrol: C18H20O2 banned by FDA
Digitailn: XXX poison crystal C36H56O14 glycoside from seed of Distalius
Diltiazem: C22H27ClN2O4S*HCl treats hypertension
Diopside: CaMg(Si2O6) in limestone, marble, metamorphic rock
Dioptase: Cu6Si16O18*6H2O
Diosgenin: C27H42O3 steroid in yams used to synthesize various hormones such as progesterone.
Dinitrobenzene: (C6H4(NO2)2) = HNO3+C6H6
Diphenehydramine: C17H21NO*HCl
Dioxane: C4H8O2 lq. Ether solvent for fats
Diphenyl: (C6H5)2 preserves fruit, heat transfer agent
Diphenylamine: explosives (C6H5)NH propellant sterilizer
Diphosgene: XXX ClCO2CCl3 chemical warfare
Disaccharide: C12H22O11 maltose lactose sucrose, sugar on hydrolysis yield saccharides
Divinylbenzene: C6H4(CH:CH2)2 ion exchange resin, synthetic rubber
DMSO: (CH3)2SO di methyl sulfide, used experimentally in medicine, hypoallergenic
DMT: C12H16N2 ethnogen
DOPA: C9H11NO2 neurotransmitter
Dopamine: C8H11NO2
Doxycycline: C22H25ClN2O8 hydrochloride used as a synthetic antibiotic deoxytetracycline

E
Echinacea purpurea: medicinal herb
EDTA: C10H16N2O8 chelating agent, food preservative, prevents blood coagulation in metal poisoning (ethylene
di amine tetra acetic acid)
Emetine: C29H40N2O8 emetic alkaloid from ipecac root
Enol: C:C(OH) group in molecule, form of automeric compound
Enzyme: substance that catalyzes
Ephedrine: C10H15NO2 root of ephedra or made synthetically
Epidote: Ca(AlFe)3Si3O12(OH) mineral
Epinephrine: C9H13NO3 local anesthetic potentiator. hormone constricts blood vessels, raises blood sugar
Ergnovine: C19H23N3O2 from ergot water soluble used during birth
Ergosterol: C28H43OH from yeast or ergot, produces vitamin D when exposed to ultraviolet light, rickets
Erythritol: crys. Alcohol CH2OH(CHOH)2CH2OH from lichens, algae or synthesis.
Erythromycin: C37H67NO13 antibiotic from soil bacteria.
Erythrosine: C20H6I4O5Na2 bio stain, food colors
Ester: compound from a base and acid complexing to form a molecule
Ether: H5C2OC2H5 used for liquid and liquid extractions. Ex: Eucaine HCl from water.
Ethyl: monovalent radical C2H5
Ethyl acetate: CCH3COOC2H5 ethanol plus acetic acid, solvent
Ethyl cellulose: soak wood pulp in NaOH and C2H5Cl (ethyl chloride)
Ethyl chloride: C2H5Cl heat ethanol and hydrochloric acid in the presence of zinc chloride
Ethylene: H2C:CH2 by cracking natural or coal gas, or dehydration of alcohol
Ethylene glycol: HOCH2CH2OH liquid antifreeze, solvent, resins
Eucaine: a=C19H27NO2 beta=C15H21NO2 two isomers alpha and beta, anolouge of cocaine.
From black pepper.
Eucalyptol: C10H18O essential oil from eucaliptus oil
Euclase: BeAlSiO4(OH) Gem

F
Fatty acid: lipids with saturated and unsaturated monobasic organic acids R*COOH, usually in a straight chain,
natural glycerol esters in fats and oils
Ferrate: salt/ester FeO4- radical
Ferric oxide: Fe2O3
Ferric cyanide: Fe(CN)6- trivalent radical
Ferrocyanide: H3Fe(CN)6- trivalent radical Rochelle salt: baking
soda plus cream of tartar plus water, pieazoelectric. Ferroelectrin.
Dielectric substance.
Ferrous oxide: FeO
Ferrous sulfate: FeSO4*7H2O dye/ink
Flavone: C15H12O2 derived from flavone
Flavin: C10H6N4O2 yellow pigment derived from plant or ketone
Flavopurpurin: C14H8O5 yellow crystal dyes
Folic acid: C19H19N7O6 crys. In green leaves, treats anemia
Folinic acid: C20H23N7O7 folic acid is converted by body to folinic acid
Formaldehyde: HCHO hydrolysis of methanol. Disinfectant preservitive used in dyes resins Formic: HCOOH acid
for dying textiles.
Formate: negative radical HCOO; uncharged salt or ester of formic acid.
Fumaric acid: HOOCCH:CHCOOH hydrogen peroxide plus coal??? Made synthetically from malic acid; resins
Furan: C4H4O heterocyclic wood tar
Furfural: C4H3OCHO Liquid from corn cobbs
Furosemide: C12H11Cl2O2S diuretic, hypertension
G
Gallic acid: OH3C6H2COOH inks dyes, prepared from tannins Gastric juice: HCl
plus enzymes PH of two
Gentisic acid: C6H3(OH)2COOH sodium salt used as analgest
GHB: C4H8O3 rancid butter plus hydrogen peroxide
Gilberellic acid: C19H22O6 from fungi and plants; for growing plants
Glucosamine: C6H13NO5 corn syrup HCl
Glutamine: COOH(CH2)2CH(NH2)COOH amino acid
Glutathion: H2NC(O)(CH2)2CH(NH2)COOH amino acid polypeptide antioxidant co enzyme containing cysteine,
glutamic acid, and glycine.
Glycerol: C3H5(OH3) hydrolysis of fats and oils
Glycine: CH2(NH2)COOH simplest amino acid, doesn't have mirror image isomer
Glycolic acid: CH2OHCOOH in sugar cane or oxidize glycol
Glycol: oxidize alcohols with hydroxyl group attached to two carbon atoms Gossypol: C30H30O8
toxic pigment in cotton, inhibits sperm production.
Gram method: iodine and alcohol stain on bacteria
Graphite: one carbon atom thick conducts electricity and heat
Grossularite: garnet C93Al2(SiO4)3
Gualacol: C6H4(OH)OCH3 reagent expectorant antiseptic, prepared from guaiacom or wood creosote
Guanidine: XXX cry. Base (NH2)2C:NH
Guanine: C5H5N5O purine base in nucleic acid of all tissue
Guanosine: C10H13N5O5 nucleoside, condensed from guanine and ribose component of RNA
Glycogen: (C6H10O5)x stored in liver, turned into sugar as body needs it
H
Halocarbon: C with one or more halogens and sometimes H, aresol, refridgerant, polymerizes to plastic.
Halogen: 7A on periodic table of elements Florine is the most reactive bromine in fire extinguishers
Haloperidol: C21H23ClFNO2 tranqulizer
Halothane: lq CF3CHBrCl general anesthetic
Hematein: C6H12O6 oxidation of logwood extract, red dye
Hematin: C34H32N5O4*FeOH hydroxide of heme, by decomposition of hemoblogin Hematite: Fe2O3 mineral
reddish black
Hematoxylin: C16H14O6*3H2O logwood extract 6 CH2O2 + C10H16O = C16H14O6 + 7 H2O benzene ether plus
Hematoporphyrin: C34H38O6N4 treat hemoglobin with acid, cancer research, absorbed by cancerous cells
Heme: C34H32N4O4Fe non-protein pigment, in hemoblogin
Heptachlor: C10H7Cl7 waxy solid insecticide, radical is a group within a molecule
Heptane: C7H16 alkane, tests octane rating
Heptose: C7H14O7 monosaccarrides several isomers
Heroin: diacetyl morphine hydrochloride. 30 mg is a lethal dose. C17H17NO(C2H3O2)2
Heulandite: (Na,Ca)4-6Al6(Al,Si)4Si26O72*24H2O
Hexachloroethane: Cl3CCCl3 organic synthesis
Hexachlorophene: (C6HCl3OH)2CH2 medicine, stops bacterial growth
Hexane: C6H14 alkane
Hexone: (CH3)2CHCH2COCH3 methyl iso butyl ketone, formed by hydrolysis of proteins Hexylresorcin:
C12H18O
Histamine: C5H9N3 dilates blood vessels, decarboxylation of histadine, in all organic matter
Histidine: C3H3N2CH2CH(NH)2COOH ammino acid
Hordenine: C10H15NO in barley, Monoamine oxidase inhibitor-B, HCl salt used as supplement
Hydrate: example: 2CaSO4*H2O plaster of paris (substance in combination with H2O)
Hydrastine: C21H21NO6 goldenseal alkaloid
Hydrazine: H2NNH2 reducing agent, used as jet fuel
Hydrazide: H replaced by an acetyl
Hydrazoic acid: XXX NHN:N
Hydrobromic acid: HBr like HCl it is a strong acid
Hydrocortisone: C21H30O5 corticosteroid regulates carbohydrates
Hydrocracking: solid catalyst plus hydrogen plus heavy hydrocarbon, to form lighter saturated distillates.
Hydrocyanic acid: HCN XXX
Hydroflouric acid: H6F6, H4F4, H2F2, HF reacts with silicates, glass etching
Hydroquinone: C6H4(OH)CH2COOH dyes paint photo
Hydrobutyric acid: CH3CH(OH)CH2COOH see GHB in urine of diabetics (beta isomer)
Hydroxyl: containing monovalent radical OH group
Hydroxyproline: HOC4H7NCOOH amino acid
Hypochlorite: ClO monovalent negative radical
Hypochlorous acid: HCLO only in solution
Hypophosphate: radicals: HP2O6, H2P2O6 divalent, H3P2O6 trivalent or tetravalent P2O6
Hypophosphite: H2PO4 salt
Hypophosphoric acid: H4P2O6 when P is oxidised in moist air
Hypophosphorous acid: H3PO2 monobasic reducing agent
Hypoxanthine: C5H4N4O in body by breakdown of nucleic acids

I
Ibogaine: C20H26N2O XXX hallucinate
Ibuprophen: C13H18O2 analgest
Imiprazine: C19H24N2 antidepressant
Indamine: NH:C6H4:N*C6H4*NH2 dye
Indene: C9H8 from coal tar, manufacture resins
Indigo: C16H10N2O2 dye, made from aniline or plants
Indigold: C:OC:CCO (chromorphic group) dye
Indigotin: C16H10N2O2 in indigo dye
Indole: C8H7N from indigo and other sources, perfume, reagent
Indoleacetic acid: C10H9NO2 plant hormone promotes root growth
Indolebutyric acid: C12H13NO2 plant hormone promotes root growth
Indomethacin: C19H16ClNO4 anti-inflamatory
Ion exchange: water softening, put thru soluble resin, catch metals etc.
Iodic acid: HIO3 oxidizing agent, reagent
Iodine: see NaI or CH3I (methyl iodide)
Ionone: lq. C13H20O made from citral and acetone, used in perfume, violet like odor Iron oxide: Fe2O3
Isoleucine:CH3CH2CH(CH3)CH(NH2)COOH found in most proteins (ammino acid)
Isonazide: C6H7N3O tuberculosis antibacterial
Iso octane: (CH3)2CHCH2C(CH3)3 (in petroleum C8H18)
Isoprene: CH2:C(CH3)CH:CH2
Isopropyl: monovalent radical (CH3)2CH
Isopropyl alcohol: XXX CH3CHOHCH3 mixes with water alcohol and ether
Itaconic acid: CH2:C(COOH)CH2COOH fermentation of sugar by special mold

J
Jalapin: in jalap glycoside C34H56O16
K
Kainite: MgSO4.KCl.3H2O in fertilizer Kelp: Iodine in the
ashes of kelp.
Kernite: Na2B4O7*4H2O
Kerosene: a thin oil distilled from petroleum or shale oil, used as a fuel or solvent.
Ketamine hydrochloride: C13H16ClNO*HCl anesthetic
Ketene: g. Toxic H2C:CO acetone vinegar thru hot tube
Ketone: CO group in combo with two hydrocarbon radicals
Kieserite: MgSO4*H2O mineral
Kinetin: C10H9N5O in plants regulates cell division Kyanite: Al2SiO5
blue in metamorphic rock
L
Lactate: C3H5O3 monovalent negative ester or salt
Lactam: cyclic compound with ring NHCO formed by the elimination of water from the amine Lactic acid:
CH3CHOHCOOH produced when milk sours / ferments, tans lether, plasticizer, preservative
Lactone: cyclic ester formed by elimination of water from the OH and COOH groups of a molecule of hydroxyl
acids.
Langbeinite: K2Mg2(SO4)3 found in salt deposits
Lauric acid: CH3(CH2)10COOH a fatty acid in vegetable fats, coconut oil is 50% lauric acid
Lauryl alcohol: C12H26O detergent perfume
Lazulite: Al2(PO4)2(OH)2 gem mineral
Lazurite: (Na,Ca)7(Al,Si)12(O,S)24[SO4,Cl2(OH)2]2 main component in lapis lazuli
Lead acetate: Pb(C2H3O2)2*3H2O
Lead arsenate: XXX Pb3(AsO4)2
Leucine: (CH3)2CHCH2CH(NH2)COOH putrification of nitrogeneous matter, and hydrolysis of digestive enzyme.
Lewisite: ClCH=CHAsCl2
Lichen: dual plant algae/fungus on rock wood soil
Lidocaine: C14H22N2O*HCl local anesthetic
(diethylaminoacetoxylidide+cocaine) H5C2OC2H5+NH3+C3H6O=C14H22N2O+H2O
Limonene: C10H16 lemon orange oil, pine needle, pepermint
Lindaine: benzene hexachloride insecticide
Linoleic acid: C17H31COOH unsaturated fatty acid, linseed oil
Linolenic acid: C17H29COOH glyceryl ester found in fats and oils, used in drying resins / paints, diet
Lithium oxide: Li2O
Lithium carbonate: Li2CO3 glass, ceramic, dye, bipolar medecation
Lobeline: C22H27NO2 related to nicotine
LSD: C15H15N2CON(C2H5)2 amide of lysergic acid
Lysergic acid: C16H16N2O2 monobasic acid
Lysine: NH2(CH2)4CH(NH2)COOH amino acid M
Malathion: C10H19O6S2P insecticide
Maleic acid: XXX HOOCCH:CHCOOH isomer of fumeric acid
Malic acid: COOHCH2CH(OH)CH2 in apples / fruits
Malic hydrazide: C4H4N2O2 stops sprouting vegetables when in storage.
Malonic acid: di basic HOOCCH2COOH used to synthesize barbituate, obtained by oxidation of malic acid
Manganese bronze: 3% Mg used for making alloys for gears
Manganese dioxide: MnO2 oxidizer, batteries, matches
Manganate: salt or ester of manganic acid MnO4- Manganic acid:
H2MnO4 only in salt
Mannitol: C6H8(OH)6 sugar alcohol in plants and animals
Margaric acid: C17H34O2 fatty acid from lichens or synthetic
Meclizine: C25H27ClN2 antihistamine [methyl benzene + chloroform + piperazine]
Menadione: C11H8O2 posessing vitamin K activity [methyl+naphthaquinone+di+one]
Meperidine: Demerol C15H21NO2 narcotic [methyl + piperidine]
Meprobamate: C9H18NO3 [methyl propyl di carbamate] tranqulizer
Mercuric chloride: HgCl2 XXX photo
Mercuric oxide: HgO XXX oxidizer reagent
Mercurochrome: C20H8Br2HgNa2O6 germicide antiseptic
Mescaline: C11H17NO3 hallucinogen
Mesitylene: C6H3(CH3)3 aromatic hydrocarbon made by distilling acetone and sulferic acid, or found in coal tar
Methamphetamine: C10H15N*HCl
Methane: CH4 by heating CO and H, or decomposed vegetable matter
Methacrylic acid: lq. CH2:C(CH3)COOH treating acetone cyanohydrin with sulferic acid, polymerizes easily
Methadone: C21H27NO [6dimethyl amino 4 4 di phenyl heptanone]
Methanol: CH3OH wood alcohol
Methantheline: C21H26BrNO3 treats ulcer [methyl xanthene carboxylate ine]
Methaqualone: C16H14N2O*HCl [metho a quinazolone]
Methionine: CH3SCH2CH2CH(NH2)COOH ammino acid
Methotrexate: C20H22N8O5 lukemia tumor arthritus psoriasis folic acid antagonist
Methoxychlor: Cl3CCH(C6H4OCH3)2 mosquito repel [methyl oxy trichloromethane]
Methyl acetate: CH3OCH2OCH3 paint remover solvent
Methyl: group CH3
Methylal: CH3OCH2OCH3 incomplete oxidation of methanol, solvent perfume Methylamine: CH3NH2 heat
methanol with ammonia under pressure.
Methylate: mix with methanol, H replaced by metal, or to introduce CH3 group into.
Methyl benzene: C6H5CH3 see toluene
Methyl bromine: CH3Br XXX gas refrigerant fumigant organic synthesis
Methylchloride: CH3Cl XXX gas refrigerant local anesthetic
Methylene: CH2 usually exists only in combination
Methylene blue: antidote to cyanide poisoning. C16H18N3ClS*3H2O
Methyl ethyl ketone: CH3COCH2CH3 solvent aka butanone
Metopan HCl: C18H21NO3*HCl narcotic
Metol: (HOC6H4NHCH3)2 photo developer
Metrondiazole: C6H9N3O3 infection/ protozan drug/bacteria [methyl tron nitro imidazole]
Mifepristone: C29H35NO3 steroid abortion [amino phenyl propyl estradiol one]
Mirex: C10Cl12 insecticide for fire ants
Monosaccharide: CxH2xOx carbohydrate with general formula, not decomposible by hydrolysis
Monosodium glutamate: NaC5H8NO4 from vegetable proteins, used in food
Montmorillonite: (Na,K,etc.)Al2Si4O10(OH)2*nH2O clay minerals that expand greatly in liquids
Morphine: C17H19NO3*H2O narcotic 15 mg dose for broken bone
Mucic acid: cry. HOOC(CHOH)4COOH formed by oxidizing lactose
Mullite: Al6Si2O13 mineral glass furnace lights
Muscarine: XXX C9H21NO3 amaniti muscaria mushroom
Myristic acid: CH3(CH2)12COOH nutmeg family tree, fatty acid N
Narceine: C23H27NO8 from opium
Naphthyl: radical monovalent C10H7
Naptha: from fractional distillation of petroleum, boils between gasoline and kerosine Napthalene:
C10H8 cry. Fractional distillation of coal tar. See phthalate acid Napthol: C10H7OH two isomers from
napthalene, pharmaceutical use.
Nepheline: mineral
Neurine: a ptomaine XXX CH2:CHN(CH3)3OH
Nicotinamide: C6H6N2O
Nicotine: XXX toxic C10H14N addictive water-soluble alkaloid in tobacco leaves 1mg dose
Nicotinic acid: C6H5NO synthetic or found in protein foods
Nifedipine: C17H18N2O6 cry. Diolates blood vessels
Nickel titanium alloy: heated and shaped
Nitration: add NO2 group
Nitric acid: HNO3 Sulferic acid on nitrate or oxidation of ammonia
Nitric oxide: NO by nitric acid on copper
Nitric bacteria: soil and water bacteria that creates nitrates, potassium nitrate found near H2O and soil
Nitrile: organic cyanide R*C*:N yeilding the corresponding acid and ammonia by hydrolysis
Nitrite: salt of nitrous acid with monovalent negative NO2
Nitro: NO2 have replaced one or more H, or produced by action of nitric or nitrous acid
Nitrobenzene: yellow lq. C6H5NO2 heat benzene and nitric acid, a solvent, used to make aniline Nitro cellulose:
ester of nitric acid and cellulose in the presence of sulfuric acid, used to make explosives, plastic
Nitro furon: C4H3O*NO2 Bacteria infection drug, from furon
Nitrogenase: enzyme, found in algae and soil bacteria, that makes ammonia
Nitrogen dioxide: XXX NO2, to make nitric acid, and is a rocket fuel oxidizer
Nitrogen fixation: atmospheric nitrogen turned into nitrogenous compounds by nitrogen fixers
(bacteria found in root nodules of legumes and other plants)
Nitroglycerin: C3H5(ONO2)3 explosive oil, prepared by treating glycerin with nitric acid and sulfuric acid,
downhill drip mixed with sawdust to make dynamite.
Nitrolic acid: RC ( :NOH)NO2 nitroparaffin reacting with nitrous acid
Nitroparaffin: compound derived from alkane, and contains NO2 group in place of one or more H atom(s)
Nitrosamine: derived from amines with the N*NO group; in foods, some are amines
Nitrosyl: group NO or monovalent radical
Nitrous acid: HNO2 only in solution
Nitrous bacteria: turns NH3 into N salts, it is a soil and water bacteria
Nitrous oxide: N2O non-flammable anesthetic Nonyl: C9H19
paraffin hydrocarbon,
monovalent alkyl, especially the normal radical CH3(CH2)7CH2
Norepinephrine: hormone or neurotransmitter C8H11NO3 constricts blood vessel NTA: N(CH2COOH)3
[HEALTH HAZARD] nitotriaceticacid crystal formerly used in detergents.
O
Octanol: C8H17OH lq. four isomers, perfume, foam control, solvent.
Olefin: alkene,
Olein: (C17H33CO2)3C3H3 glyceride in olive oil, liquid portion of fat
Oleic acid: C17H33COOH in most fats makes ointments
Orcein: from lichens or treating orcinol with NH3. Used as a stain and biological reagent.
C28H24N2O7 from aloe, lichens or synthetic, a medicine.
Orcinol: cry. C6H3*CH3(OH)2 aloe, lichen
Orthoclase: KAlSi3O8 monoclinic feldspar, dimorphic
Oxalate: divalent negative radical salt containing (COO)2, or an uncharged ester of oxalic acid
Oxalic acid: XXX (COOH)2 in oxalis, or synthetic
Oxalis: wood sorrel (clover)
Oxytetracycline: C22H24N2O9 antibiotic from streptomyces
Oxytocin: C43H66N12S2 hormone uterus and milk stimulant
P
Palmitic acid: CH3(CH2)14COOH fatty acid, uncombined in palm oil, glycerol ester in other fats and oils
Palmitin: cry. C51H98O6 ester of palmitic acid, in palm oil and other fats
Paraben: para (hydroxy benzoic acid ester) preserves, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals
Paradichlorobenzene: C6H4Cl2 disinfectant deodorant
Paraffin: mixture of straight chain saturated hydrocarbons. By distilling petrol, candles and white wax to seal jars
Paraldehyde: C6H12O3 acetaldehyde polymer used as a sedative / hypnotic
Paraquat: XXX s. CH3(C5H4N)2CH3*2CH3SO4
Pararosaniline: C19H19N3O red aniline dye coloring paper
Paregoric: opium, camphor, benzoic acid, anise oil, et cetera. Tincture in ethyl alcohol, relieves diarreha
Peat: decayed moisture absorbing plant found in bogs or swamps
Penicilamine: crys. C5H11NO2S chelating drug/rhumetoid arthritus and Wilson's disease
Penicilin: C9H11N2O4SR synthetic from filtrate of blue lemon
mold (penicillium chrysogenum)
Pentachlorophenol: C6Cl5OH chlorinated phenol, wood preservative, herbicide fungicide
Pentaerythriol: C(CH2OH)4 cry. Acetaldehyde with formaldehyde, manufacture of alkyl resins
Pentamidine: C23H36N4O10S2 cry. Aids drug / pnemonia
Pentane: C5H12 three isomers alkanes in petrol
Pentaquine: C18H27N3O anti malerial drug as phosphate salt
Pentazocine: synthetic pain killer, 8 member ring, less addictive than morphine, ??? azobenzene
Pentobarbital sodium: C11H17N2O3Na sedative, analgest Pentose: group of
mono saccharrides C5H10O5 ex: ribose Penuche: candy made from brown
sugar, milk, and butter.
Pepsin: C6Cl6 enzyme Antiviral target molecule
Peptide bond: (two or more amino acids) when a carboxyl group of one molecule of an amino acid is condensed
with an amino group of a second molecule the CO*NH di-valent radical
Per: completely flourinated propane C3F8
Perboric acid: lq. HBO3 hypothetical, H2O2 plus Boron salts
Perchlorate: with radical ClO4 salt of perchloric acid
Periodate: IO4 radical monovalent
Periodic acid: HIO4 oxidation of iodine or iodic acid
Permanganic acid: HMnO4 oxidizer, unstable in aqueous solution
Phenacaine: C18H22N2O2 from coal tar, hydrochloride used as local anesthetic
Pheneacetin:C2H5OC6H4NHCOCH3 fever reducer
Phenakite: mineral BeSi2O4
Pheneanthrene: C14H10 cry, present in coal tar, a hydrocarbon isomer of anthracene
Pheneate: C6H5O salt of carbolic acid, phenol in a dilute solution
Phenethylamine: drug class based on its chemical structure C8H11N Dosage: eat 1.5g with garlic, black pepper, etc.
Phenazine: C6H4:N2:C6H4 tricyclic, dyes
Phenetidine: C2H5O6C6H4NH2 manufacture of phenacetin
Phenetol: C6H5OC2H5 ethyl ether of phenol
Pheneobarbitol: C12H12N2O3 anticonvulsant
Phenol: XXX crys. C6H5OH hydrolysis of chlorobenzene
Phenolphthalein: C20H14O4 acid base indicator, dyes
Phenol red: C19H14O5S tests renal function, acid base indicator
Phenothiazine: C12H9NS synthesis of tranquilizers
Phenoxy: C6H5O monovalent radical, from phenol
Phenyl: C6H5 monovalent radical, forms basis of aromatics: benzene, aniline
Phenylalanine: C6H5CH2CH(NH2)COOH in proteins see amino acid
Phenylbutazone: C19H20N2O2 analygest arthritus
Phenyllene: C6H6 divalent radical from benzene by displacement of two hydrogen atoms
Phenyl propanolamine: C9H13NO*HCl amphetamine like
Phenytoin: C15H11N2O2 anticonvulsant
Phlogopite: (K)(Mg,Fe)3AlSiO10(OH,F)2 monocyclic mica, electrical insulator
Phlorizin: glycoside, root bark of fruit trees C21H24O10 causes glycosuria
Phosphine: PH3 hydrogen phosphide gas
Phosphite: negative radical PO3 trivalent uncharged ester
Phosphocreatine: C4H10N3O5P in vertebret muscles reacts with ADP to replenish ATP and creatine, stored energy
Phospholipid: in all living cells, lipids containing phosphate esters, and yeild on hydrolysis phosphoric acid, an
alcohol, and nitrogeneous base.
Phosphonium: PH4 monovalent radical, relaated to PH3 radical.
Phosphoprotein: protein that contains P, example: milk casein
Phosphoric acid: any of several acids, ex: H2PO3
Phosphorous acid: H3PO3 absorbs oxygen, reducing agent. made by Balanced equation:
PCl3 + 3 H2O = H3PO3 + 3 HCl
Reaction type: double replacement
Photochemistry: deals with radiant energy, making chemical reactions.
Photoelectric: electron wavelength
Phthalate acid: C6H4(COOH)2 obtained by oxidation of napthalene or xylene produces divalent negative radical
salts or esters C6H4(COO)2
Phthalic Anhydrite: C6H4(CO)2O oxidation of naphthalene
Phthalocyanine: (C6H4C2N)4N4 especially copper derivatives of this
Picoline: C5H4(CH3)N lq. Base by dry distillation of bones and coal, pharmacutecals, resins, insecticides
Picric acid: C6H2(NO2)3 explosive, analytical chemistry, dyes
Picrotoxin: XXX crys. C30H34O13
Piperazine: (C2H4NH)2N4 worm incecticide
Piperidine: (CH2)5NH by treating piperine plus alkali. DEA watch chemical. (piperine plus water = {catalyst
NaOH/HCl in water} = piperidine and piperic acid) C17H19NO3 + H2O = (CH2)5NH + C12H10O4
Reaction type: double replacement
Piperine: C17H19NO3 black pepper is 5-10% piperine in commercial grade pepper. See piperidine, eucaine.
Piperonal: C6H3(CH2)OOCHO aldehyde obtained from piperine, perfume.
Pitch: distillation of coal tar used for roofing and pavement.
Pisco: Brandy made in Peru.
Polycarbonate resin: (COOC6H5C(CH3)2C6H5O)n class of thermoplastic resins used to make molded products
Polyester: resin by polyhydric alcohols with dibasic acids
Polyethylene: (C2H4)n plastic films, see thru, insulation
Polyethylene terphthalate: (CH2CH2OCOC6H4COO)n from ethylene glycol,
thermoplastic, plastic bottles, fibers, PEET, PET
Polyphenol: plant protein in coffee, fruit, wine, tea
Polyurethane: OH radical and NCO group polymerized from two different compounds, cushions, insulation, fabrics,
coatings, molded products
Potassium: K, isotope K-40 decays into argon, used to date fossils by using K minerals in same strata
Potassium bitartrate: KC4H5O6 medicine, found in cream of tartar
Potassium bromide: KBr medicine, photo
Potassium carbonate: K2CO3 soap, glass, medicine
Potassium chloride: KCl fertilizer, five ounces is a lethal injection to stop heart.
Potassium cyanide: KCN XXX, extracting gold and electroplating
Potassium chlorate: KClO3 oxidizer, matches, medicine
Potassium dichromate: K2Cr2O7 oxidizer
Potassium hydrogen tartrate: see cream of tartar
Potassium hydroxide: KOH strong alkali, see: piperidine / PCP
Potassium iodide: KI, medicine, photo
Potassium nitrate: KNO3 oxidizer, gunpowder, reagent
Potassium permanganate: KMnO4 oxidizer, disinfectant
Potassium sulfate: K2SO4 medicine, fertilizer
Primaquine: C15H21N3O cures maleria, from quinine
Probenecid: C13H19NO4S gout, for penecillin patients
Prolamine: only soluble in 70% alcohol, class of protein found in cereal seeds, see hordenine
Proline: C4H8NCOOH by decomposition of protein
Propane: C3H8 in petroleum, a fuel
Propionic acid: CH3CH2CO2H in chyme, sweat, and synthesized from CO ethanol. Artificial flavor, perfume
Propyl alcohol: lq, CH3CH2CH2OH soluble in ether, water, and alcohol. solvent and organic synthesis
Propylene: CH3CH:CH2 from petrol refining, makes synthetic glycerol and polypropylene, unsaturated alkene,
flamable
Propylene glycol: C3H8O2 antifreeze and polyester resin
Propoxyphene HCl: C22H29NO2 narcotic analgest
Propanolol: C16H21NO3 inhibits epinephrine 10C+C6H6+2NH4OH for irregular heartbeat/ high blood pressure.
Prussic acid: XXX HCN hydrocyanic acid
Psilocybin: C12H17N2O4P. Hallucinogen. Bone ash water electricity, urea, hydrogen, coal, Puromycin:
C22H29N7O5 produced by soil actinomycete, (streptomyces alboniger) effective
against various bacteria and parasites, it interferes with protein synthesis
Purpurin: C14H5O2(OH)3 red stain, from matter root or synthetic
Putrescine: NH2(CH2)4NH2 precurser to spermine, by bacteria fermentation of protein
PYRAN: C5H6O ring
Pyragyrite: Ag3SbS3 silver ore
Pyrene: C16H10 (four benzene rings fused) from coal tar
Pyrethrin: 2 lq. Esters C21H28O3 or C22H28O5 derived from chrysanthiums the active ingredient pyrethrum
Pyrex: borosilicate see: pyrope
Pyridine: lq. C5H5N distillation of coal tar or bone oil, synthesis of drugs and vitamins
Pyridoxal: C8H9NO3 aldehyde (see pyridoxine)
Pyridoxamine: C8H12N2O2 synthetic vitamin b6 group
Pyridoxine: C8H11NO3 complex pyridine, synthetic
Pyrimidine: lq. Cry. C4H4N2 constitutes of nucleic acid, the fundamental form of a group of some bases
Pyrogallol: cry. Phenol C6H3(OH)3 heated gallic acid
Pyroligneous acid: lq. Destructive distillation of wood; contains: acetic acid, methanol, acetone, furfural, and tars
and oils
Pyrolsulite: MnO2 glass, paint, mineral
Pyromorphite: Pb5(PO4)3Cl lead ore
Pyrone: C5H4O2 unsaturated closed chain isomers, makes yellow dye
Pyrope: Mg3Al2(SiO4)3 magnesium, aluminum, silicate (hydrous aluminum silicate)
Pyrophyllite: AlSi2O5(OH) lubricant, rubber, soap, similar, to talc, in structure
Pyrosulferic acid: H2S2O7 heavy oil, explosives, sulfating agent
Pyroxylin: a form of nitrocellulose that is less highly nitrated and is soluble in ether and alcohol. Pyruvic acid: lq. Or
cry CH3COCOOH by oxidation of lactic acid, it is a key intermediate in protein, fat, and carbohydrate metabolism
in the cell and in ADP production. see ATP and ADP Pyrole: basic lq. C4H5N in chloryphyll, pigments, hematin,
and bile, pigments from bone oil, coal tar et cetera

Q
Quarternary ammonium compound: class of compounds where forth hydrogen atoms of ammonia radical are
replaced by other groups, usually organic radicals. used as solvents, disinfectants.
Quinic acid: C6H7(OH)4*COOH from coffee beans, chinchoua
Quinide: C20H24N2O2 isomer resembling quinine
Quinine: C20H24N2O2 sulfate salt used as a drug to treat maleria
Quinoline: C9H7N destructive distillation of coal tar, bone, or made synthetically
Quinonime: C6H5NO from quinone, by replacing oxygen of the amino group
R
Rraffinose: C18H32O16*5H2O a trisaccaride from beets, cotton seed, etc.
Red lead: Pb3O4 from masicot, glassmaking
Redox: compound gains e- (reduced) and another reactant is oxidized (loses electron(s)) Risperine: C33H40N2O9
extract rauwolfia serpentina, treats hypertension and some mental illnesses
Resorcinol: C6H4(OH)2 by fusing certain resins with certain alkalis, celluloid, dyes
Resveratrol: C14H12O3 antimicrobial, in fruits
Retinal: C20H28O cartenoid or C20H26O, transformed by the action of light on porphyropsin, rhodopsin or
iodopsin
Retionic acid: C20H28O2 acne, skin wrinkles. A vitamin-A derivative
Riboflavin: C17H20N4O6 in fruits and yeast, vitamin b
Ribose: C5H10O5 a pentose sugar, base of RNA riboflavin
Ricinolic acid: C18H34O3 ester of glycerin, unsaturated fatty acid.
Ricinolein: glycerol ester C57H104O9 of ricinoleic acid; in castor oil
Ritalin: C14H19NO2*HCl treats depression/hyperactivity
Rochelle salt: KNaC4H4O6*4H2O piazo use ferroelectric. In electronics see microphone.
Expands and contracts in alternating electric currencies. Rohypnol:
C16H12FN3O3 banned in United States ruffies Rubber: (C5H8)N dogbane
family of plants' latex, etc.
Rutin: C27H30O16 bioflavin found in tobacco and buckwheat plants
S
Saccharic acid: COOH(CHOH)4COOH by oxidation of glucose by nitric acid.
Saccarin: C7H5NO3S sugar substitute, coal tar compound
Safranine: C18H15N4Cl aniline dye yellowish red
Safrol oil: C3H5C6H3O2CH2 in camphor wood, sasafrass oil
Salicin: cry. Glucoside HOCH2C6H4OC6H11O5 from bark of poplar, willows; reagent Salicylic acid:
HOC6C4COOH makes asprin, antiseptic, and wart remover. from salicin or phenol.
Salycylate: monovalent negative radical, HOC6H4COO or uncharged ester
Sal soda: Na2CO3*10H2O crystalized sodium bicarbonate
Salt: an acid that has hydrogen replaced by metal or electropositive radical, wholly or partly replaced.
Samarskite: radioactive mineral, Uranium ore (Y,Ce,U,Ca,Fe,Pb,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti,Sn)2O6
Santonin: XXX C15H18O3 in some wormwoods, vermifuge
Sapphirine: monoclinic mineral (Mg,Al)8(Al,Si)6O20 found in some metamorphic rocks.
Sarin: toxic nerve gas C4H10FPO, causes convulsions then death
Scolecite: monoclinic zeolite CaAl2Si3O10*3H2O
Scopalamine: C17H21NO4 sedative hypnotic for motion sickness
Sebacic acid: COOH(CH2)8COOH by distillation of oleic acid or castor oil. Makes plasticizers, alkyd resins
Selenate: SeO4 divalent negative radical/ or uncharged ester
Selenic acid: H2SeO4 resembling sulfuric acid
Selenous acid: H2SeO3 water soluble reagent
Serine: ammino acid HOCH2CH(NH2)COOH in proteins
Sesqui-carbonate: three carbonate radicals for every two metals.
Silicic acid: SiO2*nH2O acidified sodium silicate, jelly-like
Silicon dioxide: SiO2 in quartz, opal, sand, chert, chalchedony
Silicon carbide: SiC
Silver chloride: AgCl infared spectrometry lenses
Silver nitrate: AgNO3- electroplating
Silvex: C9H7Cl3O3 restricted toxic herbicide, used for weed-control
Single bond: C:C or C-C sharing of two electrons between two atoms Smelling salts:
carbonate of ammonium plus aromatic mix.
Sodalite: mineral Na4(AlSiO4)3Cl blue jewelry Soda lime: CaO
plus NaOH for absorbing gases Sodium acetate: CH3COONa
Balanced equation: CH3COOH + NaHCO3 = CH3COONa +
H2CO3
Reaction type: double replacement
Sodium benzoate: C6H5COONa from benzoic acid, food preservative
Sodium bicarbonate: Na2HCO3 baking soda
Sodium bromide: NaBr sedative / AgBr production
Sodium carbonate: Na2CO3
Sodium chlorate: NaClO3 oxidizing agent, matches, explosives
Sodium chloride: NaCl HCl by electrolysis
Sodium citrate: Na3C6H5O7*2H2O beverage / food
Sodium cyanide: XXX NaCN
Sodium dichromate: Na2Cr2O7 oxidizer, corrosion inhibitor, antiseptic
Sodium fluoride: NaF public water / toothpaste
Sodium fluoroacetate: CH2FCOONNa rat poison
Sodium hydroxide: NaOH oil refining, soap
Sodium hypochlorite: NaOCl bleach in solution
Sodium hyposulfite: sodium thiosulfate
Sodium nitrate: NaNO3 oxidizing agent, fertilizer, explosives, makes HNO3 and sodium nitrite
Sodium pentothal: thiopentnal sodium
Sodium perborate: NaBO3*4H2O oxidizer, germacide, deoderant, bleach
Sodium peroxide: Na2O2 antiseptic bleach, oxidizer
Sodium phosphate: salts of phosphoric acid
Sodium propionate: C3H5O2Na meds, dyes, glass
Sodium sulfate: Na2SO4 antichlor / photo fixing agent
Sodium thiosulfate: Na2S2O3 antichlor / photo fixing agent
Solanine: C45H73NO15 complex glycoside alkaloid in potato sprouts / nightshade plant family Sorbic acid:
CH3CH:CHCH:CHCOOH mountain ash berry or synthetic, used in drying oils, preservative, fungicide
Sorbitol: C6H8(OH)6 in berries and fruits
Sorbose: C6H12O6 by fermenting sorbitol, vitamin-C manufacture
Spectinomycin: C14H24N2O7 treats ghonorriha synthetic
Spessartite: red granite Mn3Al2(SiO4)3
Spermine: C10H26N4 a base in semen and nearly all animal cells
Spodumene: LiAl(Si2O) gem and lithium ore
Stannite: Cu2FeSnS4 ore of tin, copper, iron, tin sulfide
Starch: (C6H10O5)n carbohydrate in vegetables, cosmetics and adhesives
Stearic acid: CH3(CH2)16COOH in animal fats and vegetable fats, soap, candles
Stearin: (C18H35O2)3C3H5 solid portion of fat, adhesives and textiles
Stearoptine: oxygenated (solid) part of essential oil
Steatolysis: hydrolysis of a fat into glycerol and fatty acids
Stelazine: C21H24F3N3S tranqulizer / mental drug
Steric: spatial arrangment of atoms
Stilbene: C6H5CH:CHC6H5 cry. hydrocarbon
Stilbite: NaCa2Al5Si13O36*14H2O
Streptomycin: C21H39N7O12 antibiotic / tuberculosis
Strychnine: XXX C21H22N2O2 nux vomica plant
Styrene: C6H5CH:CH2 aromatic liquid polymerizes easily, from styrax tree
Strontia: SrO; Sr(OH)2 loosely
Strontianite: SrCO3
Styrofoam: polystyrene see PIHKAL by: Alexander Shulgin for nitrostyrene synthesis
Suberic acid: HOOC(CH2)6COOH oxidation of cork
Succinic acid: HOOC(CH2)2COOH dibasic found in amber, lignite, plants, and produced by fermentation, use:
medicine and organic synthesis.
Succinylcholine chloride: muscle relaxer, paralyses repiratory muscles, surgery only
Sufadiazine: C10H10N4O2S treats throat and lung infections
Sulfamerazine: C11H12N4O2S methyl derivative of sulfadiazine
Sulfanilamide: C6H8N2O2S ghonoreha, from coal tar
Sulfanilic acid: H2NC6H4SO3H heat analine with sulfuric acid, medicine manufacture
Sulfate: divalent radical SO4- or uncharged ester
Sulfite: divalent radical SO3- or uncharged ester, preserves wine
Sulfinyl: SO group
Sulfone: divalent radical SO2; S connected to C of two alkyl groups (S and C linked chemically)
Sulfonium: monovalent with three alkyl radicals and one Sulfur atom (C2H5)3S tri ethyl sulfomium
Sulfonyl: SO2 divalent radical
Sulfonyl urea: drugs for diabetes example: tolbutamide
Sulfoxide: SO divalent radical in compunds
Sulfurdioxide: SO2 gas easily liquified, in bleach, preservatives, disinfectants
Sulfonmethane: C7H16O4S2 hypnotic/ sleeping pill
Sulferic: contains sulfur especially hexavalent Sulfur
Sulferic acid: H2SO4 dye paint explosive, fertilizer
Sulfurous acid: H2SO3 salt or solution only, bleach, medicine, reagent Superficial: a liquid at a
temperature greater than it's critical temperature.
T
Tachysterol: C28H44O isomer of ergosterol, irradiation of ergosterol from calcified
Talbun: XXX nerve gas (CH3)2NPO(C2H5O)
Tamoxifen: C23H37NO10 estrogen blocker, synthetic hormone
Tannic acid: C14H10O9 from oak bark/gall nuts, used for tanning hides, medicine
Tannin: phenolic compound that precipitates proteins, alkaloids, and glucosides in solution, some are in coffee/tea
Tantalic: Ta2O5*xH2O acid forms salt with base
Tantalic acid: HTaO3 forms complex salts with bases
Tantalite: (Fe,Mn)(Ta,Nb)2O6 orthorhombic mineral
Tartar emetic: K(SbO)C4H4O6*1/2H2O XXX salt used to cause vomiting, in dyes, mordant, expectorant
Tartaric acid: HOOC(CHOH)2COOH cry. in vegetable/fruit, Medicine, dye, photo, obtained from tartar. C4H6O4
TCCD: C12H4O2Cl4 XXX dioxin herbicide (2,3,7,8)t(etra)c(hloro)d()ibenzop d(ioxin)
Telluric acid: H2TeO4 cry.
Tellurite: TeO2
Tellurous acid: H2TeO3 cry.
Terephthalic acid: terebene tphthalic acid cry. C6H4(COOH)2 oxidation of xylene makes polyester, plastics, et
cetera
Terebic acid: C7H10O4 cry. Oxidation of turpentine spirits
Terpene: C10H16 in resins/essential oils, medicine, perfumes
Terpineol: C10H17OH three isomers in volatile oils
Terpin hydrate: C10H20O2*H2O cry. Expectorant cough syrup
Testosterone: C19H28O2 synthetic, makes women aroused
Tetracycline: C22H24N2O8 prepared synthetically antibiotic
Tetraethyl lead: XXX Pb(C2H5)4 gasoline additive
Tetrahedrite: (Cu,Fe)12Sb4Si3 main copper ore
Tetrahydrocannibinol: C21H30O2= CH3COOH+C2H5OH+C6H6+C11H8N see limonene + lichen acetic acid
terpene alcohol ethyl acetate plus terpenes???? nepetalactone???
Tetrodotoxin: C11H17N3O8 in puffer fish
Tetryl: C7H5N5O8 primer / detonator [tetr(anitrometh)yl(aniline)]
Talidomide: C13H10N2O4 hypnotic causes birth defects
Thebaine: XXX in persian poppy C19H21NO3
Theobromine: C7H8N4O2 diuretic, tea, coffee, kola, cocoa
Theophylline: C7H8N4O2*H2O synthetically or extracted from tea leaves
Thiazine: N-S-C-C-C-C in a ring
Thiamine: C12H17ClN4OS in cereal grain, green peas, beans, egg-yokes, or synthetic
Thioacetic acid: CH3COSH reagent, tear gas
Thiobacteria: stagnant water bacteria / oxidizer or reducer S compounds
Thiocyanic acid: HSCN
Thionine: C12H9N3S violet dye in solution, a dark green thiazine base
Thiazol: lq. Azole C3H3NS used in drugs / dyes
Thimerosal: cry. C9H9HgNaO2S wound antiseptic Thiopentnal sodium:
C11H17N2O2SNa anesthetic hypnotic Thiophene: C4H4S in coal tar lq.
Thiophosphoric acid: one or more O atoms replaced by S, H3PO3S only in solution or salt
Thiosulfuric acid: H2S2O3 unstable salts used in antichlor and bleaching
Thiourea: CS(NH2)2 cry. Organic synthesis
Thiram: C6H12N2S4 vulcanizer, rubber accellerator
Thoria: ThO2 aka thorianite, radioactive mineral
Thorite: ThSiO4
Thorium: Th
Threonine: CH3CH(OH)CH(NH2)COOH obtained by hydrolysis of many proteins Thyroxine: C15H11I4NO4
cry. Active hormone of the thyroid gland, often prepared synthetically. Goiter, myxedema, kretinism
Titanium dioxide: TiO2 white rubber, paint pigment, ceramic glaze, plastics
Toidine: C14H16N2 Toloul plus benzedine [dimethyl derivative of benzene]. detects gold and chlorine, dyes
Toluene: XXX C6H5CH3 lq. Flammable hydrocarbon, obtained from basalm tree, coal tar and petroleum
explosives, solvent, dyes
Toluic acid: C6H4CH3COOH carboxyl derivatives of toluene, resins, organic synthesis Toluide:
RCONHC6H4CH3; from toluidines by substitution of an acid radical for one or more amino H atoms
Toluidine: CH3C6H4NH2?? Three isomers amino derivatives, dyes, test reagents
Toluyl: CH3C6H5CO monovalent radical derived from toluene [toulic acid + yl]
Tourmaline: piezoelectric rhombohedral
mineral (Na,Ca)(Mg,Fe,Al,Li)3Al6(BO3)3(S16O18)(OH)4 pressure guages and as a gem
Tremolite: swiss monocyclic amphibole Ca2Mg5Si8O22(OH)2
Trichloroacetic acid: CCl3COOH antiseptic, astringent
Trichloroethylene: toxic lq. CHCl:CCl2 solvent for fats, waxes and oils
Trichlorophenoxyacetic acid: Cl3C6H2OCH2*COOH derivative of phenoxyacetic acid Triglyceride: chief
component of fats/ oils, derived from glycerol and three fatty acid
radicals CH2(OOCR1)CH(OOCR1)CH(OOCR2)CH2 (OOCR3)
Triodothyronine: C15H12I3NO4 treats hypertension, secreted by the thyroid
Trimer: ex: C6H6 is a trimer of C2H2, and a dimer of C3H3; molecule composed of three or more identical
molecules
Trimethadion: C6H9NO3 treats epilepsy
Trinitrotoluene (TNT): CH3C6H2(NO2)3 high explosive derivatives of toluene
Triose: C3H6O3 with three carbon atoms monosaccharide
Triphenylmethane: cry. Hydrocrbon (CH)(C6H5)3 dyes, organic synthesis
Triptane: lq alkane antiknock (CH3)2CHCl(CH3)3
Trona: Na2CO3*NaHCO3*2H2O source of sodium
Tropine: XXX C8H15NO heterocyclic alkaloid produced by hydrolysis of atropine or hyosoycamine
Trypsin: C35H47N7O enzyme Antiviral target molecule
Tryptamine: C10H12N2 related to serotonin, derived from tryptophan Balanced equation:

C11H12N2O2 = C10H12N2 + CO2

Reaction type: decomposition
Tryptophan: C6H4NHCHCCH2CH(NH2COOH) synthetically, or by digestion of trypsin on proteins
Tyramine: C8H11NO in ergot, cheese, mistletoe treats hypertension
Tyrosine:C6H4OHCH2CH(NH2)COOH amino acid, formed by decomposition of proteins, as putrafication of
cheese
Trypsin: is a serine protease from the PA clan superfamily, found in the digestive system of many vertebrates, where
it hydrolyzes proteins.Trypsin is formed in the small intestine when its
proenzyme form, the trypsinogen produced by the pancreas, is activated U
Undecylenic acid: C11H20O2 treats fungal infections, perfume
Unsaturated: a compound/element that can further react with other element(s)
Uracil: pyrimidine base; C4H4N2O2 in RNA
Uranyl: UO2 divalent radical in uranium compounds
Urea: CO(NH2)2 synthetic or in fluids. Plastics, fertilizer, adhesives, black powder Balanced equation:
CO2 + 2 NH3 = H2O + OC(NH2)2
Reaction type: double replacement
H2N-COONH4 ⇌ (NH2)2CO + H2O decomposition of ammonium carbamate to urea and water or AgNCO + NH4Cl
→ (NH2)2CO + AgCl =CO(NH2)2
Urethane: C3H7NO2 produced by ammonia on ethyl carbamate or heat urea and ethanol
Uric acid: C5H4N4O3 bird and reptile excretia slightly soluble in water Uridine: nucleoside
C9H12N2O6 found in RNA
V
Valeric acid: four isomers C4H9COOH flavor, perfume, medicine
Valine: amino acid (CH3)2CHCH(NH2)COOH found in proteins in small quantities
Vanadinite: Pb5(VO4)3Cl hexagonal mineral ore
Vanillin: (CH3O)(OH)C6H3CHO flavor, perfume, made from wood
Vesuvianite: Ca10Mg2Al4(SiO4)5(Si2O7)2(OH)4 in metamorphic limestone
Viagra: C22H30N6O4S. 64g C + 24g H2SO4 +51 g NH4OH + 2.5g H2 = 116 g viagra + 26 g H2O Erectile
disfunction drug. Sold as citrate ester 100mg dose. note: H2SO4 is epsom salt mixed with muriodic acid (18g HCl
+ 30g MgSO4= 24g H2SO4+23g MgCl2)
Vinblastine: Catharanthus roseus periwinkle alkaloid C46H58N4O9*H2SO4 drug used to treat
Hodgkin's disease and lymphomas
Vinyl: CH2:CH monovalent radical of many derivatives of ethylene it's hydrate
Vinyl alcohol: CH2CHOH known only in ester(s) or polymers, polyvinyl alcohol Vinyl chloride: gas
CH2:CHCl treat acetylene with hydrogen chloride or crack ethylene di chloride
Vinylidene resin: H2C:CR2 where R is usually a halogen
Vinyl plastic: polymer or copolymers of vinyl and other resins
Viridian: Cr2O3
Vitamin A: C20H29OH
Vitamin A2: C20H27OH
Vitamin B1-12: B12: C63H90N13O14PCO see sorbose Vitamin C:
Vitamin D4: C28H45OH
Vitamin D5: C29H47OH
Vitamin E: tocopherols collectively
Vitamin H: Biotin
Vitamin K1: C31H46O2
Vitamin K2: C41H56O2
Vitamin P: Bioflavin
VX GAS: XXX C11H20NO2PS lethal nerve gas

W
WARFARIN: C19H16O4 rat poison, anticoagulent when neutrilized with sodium hydroxide
Wavellite: Al3(PO4)2(OH)3*5H2O rare mineral
White lead: 2PbCO3*Pb(OH)2 XXX
White alkali: crust on alkali soil of sodium and magnesium sulfates and sodium chloride
X
Xannax: C17H13ClN4 anti-anxiety/depression drug
Xanthate ring: C6H4CH2OC6H4
Xanthic acid: lq: C3H6OS2 decomposes to ethyl alcohol and carbon disulfide at 24 degrees celcius
Xanthine: C5H4N4O2 in blood, urine, and plants
Xanthene: C6H4(CO)OC6H4 basis of yellow seen in autumn, a ring ketone
Xanthophyll: C40H56O2 basis of yellow seen in autumn
Xenon hexafluoride: XeF6 by gaseous xenon and fluoride
Xenon tetrafluoride: XeF4 heating to 400 celcius in a nickle container and cooking to large crystals
Xylene: C8H10 from coal tar/wood tar, petroleum has charecteristics of benzene. See: phthalate acid
Xylidine: XXX lq. C8H11N from Xylene
Xylitol: crys, alcohol from sugar xylose, a sweetener CH2OH(CHOH)3CH2OH
Y
Yellow Cake: (NH4)2U2O7 or Na2U2O7
Z
Zinc chloride: ZnCl2 catalyst, wood preservative, parchment paper, adhesives, embalming fluid, solder, flux etc.
Zincite: (Zn,Mn)O mineral
Zinc ointment: contains ZnO
Zinc oxide: ZnO pigment, rubber, ointment, cosmetic
Zinc sulfate: ZnSO4*7H2O emetic, mordant, dye
Zinc sulfide: ZnS used in phosphorescent form in making televisions, luminous watch faces, pigments
Zirconium oxide: ZrO2 powder used for crucibles / anywhere hot
Zineb: Zn(CS2NHCH2)2 insecticide
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Ziram: Zn(SCSN(CH3)2)2 rubber accelerator and fungicide

Part Three: Stoichiomety Lessons
Lesson one: Atoms make a molecule. Example 2H2+O2=2H2O
Example of a single replacement reaction: NaCl+H2O=HCl+NaOH (sodium chloride plus water equals hydrogen
chloride plus sodium hydroxide)
Example of a synthesis reaction: NH3+C6H6+C2H5OH=C6H4NH2COOC2H5 (ammonia plus benzene plus ethanol
equals benzocaine)
Example of a double replacement reaction: MgSO4+HCl=MgCl+H2SO4 (magnesium
sulfate plus hydrochloric acid equals sulfuric acid) Lesson Two: Balancing chemical
equations:
One to one ratio: C2H5OH+HCl=C2H5Cl+H2O
Two to one ratio: Na2CO3+2LiOH=Li2CO3+2NaOH And so forth

REFERENCES: WEBSTER’S DICTIONARY