Topic - Space junk problem
Or
Video Title: The Growing Threat of Space Junk
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Insano dwara bnai gai duniya ka sabse pahla satellite launch hua
tha,saal 1957 me aur tab se lekar aaj tak hum insaan space
exploration me bahut aage ja chuke hai,chahe chand pe jana ho,apna
rover mars ke satah pe utarana ho,ya parker solar probe dwara suraj
ke corona ko chhu kar aana ho,even insaano dwara banyaa
gaya,voyager 1 space craft insano dwara banaya gaya ek aisa object
ban gaya hai,jo dharti se 23.38 billion dur ja chukka hai,aur
interstellar space me pahuch chukka hai,means ke aaj ke date me
hum insaan space exploration me bahut teji se aage badh rahe hai,
but jis din sabse pahla object space me launch hua,tabhi se har ek
space mission ke baad space me ek aisi problem generate hona start
ho gai,jo aane wale time me dikkat dene wali thi,and vo problem ab
itni badh gai hai,ki space exploration me rukawat daalne lagi hai,aur
agar ye isi rafter se badhti rahi,to future me chand mars tak to
chhoro,hum sirf dharti ke atmoshphgere se bbi bahar nahi nikal
paayenge,aur ham phir usi era me aa jayenge,jab baat krne ke liye
letters ka use kiya karte the,
aur jiske vajah se ye sab hoga us problem ka naam hai,space junk,
yah pe kuch suspenseful footage laga dena,astroanuts,satellites
crash se realted
10 feb 2009 ,dharti ko orbit kar rha America ka iridium 33 satellite
aur Russia ka ek dead satellite cosmos 2251 me achnak takkar ho jata
hai,aur is takkar ke baad sirf unhi do satellites se nikalakr 2 hazar se
jyda debris earth ke around ghumne lagta hai.matlab ab earth ke
around insaano ke dwara bnai gai, pahle jitni bhi chize ghum rahi thi
usme ab 2 hajar aur chize add hokar ghumne lag jaati hai,
Video – { https://youtu.be/6Wf4H0e9rfU?si=T8fwz1uucHmqlR0V } ya
{ https://youtu.be/6Wf4H0e9rfU?si=IlL9CoEnZaxTBtjS
Nasa ke according Aaj ke time me millions of debris hai jo earth ke
around 1700 miles per hour ke raftra se ghum rahe hai.aur ise hi
kahte hai space junk ya space debris,jo hmare dharti ko chakkar laga
rahe hai,
kam se kam 26,000 debris ke aise pieces hai jo ek softball ya usse
bade hain aur jinse satellite taq fully distroy ho sakta hai. 100 million
debris ke aise pices hai jo namak ke dane ke size ke hain aur jo
spacesuit mein chhed kar sakte hain jisse Astronaut ki death taq ho
sakti hai.
Aur in debris ka quanity day by day badhta hi ja raha hai,aur isliye in
future hamari earth kuch aisi dikhane wali hai,debris ka concentarion
itna badh jaayega ki dharti ke around debris ka ek ring ban jaayega
Video me aage badhate hai aur thora detail me jaante hai ki exactly
space junk hota kya hai,ye bante kaise hai,aur jab bhi koi satellite
launch hota hai,vo in space debris ko kaise avoid karte hai,and kya
space agencies ne isko saaf karne ke liye solution nikala bhi hai,ya
aise hi chal raha hai,aaiye jaante hai sab kuch aaj ke is video me.
{ IG-21-011.pdf } NASA PDF
{ c } Iridium Cosmos Collision or
{ https://youtu.be/6Wf4H0e9rfU?si=IlL9CoEnZaxTBtjS }
Ok sabse pahle ham ye jaan lete hai ki aakhir space Junk hota kya hai
To isko ekdam simple word me samjhe to inssano dwara failaye gaye
space me kachra,
Hh dharti,samdar ko ganda karne ke baad ab hum space ko bhi
ganda kar rahe hai,
But aakhir ye space junk failta kaise hai,
To actually jab bhi hum insaan satellite ya spacecraft ko space me
launch karte hain, aur kuch salo baad jab unka kaam khatam ho jata
hai,to ya to vo space me waise hi rah jaate hai,ya sometimes burst
hokar chhote chhote debris me badal jaate hai,and chuki space me
gravity nahi hoti,isliye we sabhi debris aur kaharb satellites waise hi
dharti ke around ghumte rahte hai,
According to Satellite Charts website , 1957 se lekar ab tak 51,000 se
jayda objects space mein bheji gayi hain. Inmein satellites, rockets,
spaceships shaamil hain.and In 51 hazar item me se March 6th, 2022
taq sirf aadhe hi kaam ki hai,baki sab kharb ho chuke hai.to Aap soch
ke dekho itne saare retired satellites aur space debris jo space mein
udte hain,wahi dhire dhire ikatha hote rahte hai,aur space junk bante
jaate hai,
{ https://satellitecharts.xyz/ } Satellite Charts website
Ye space debris kuch mm se lekar kafi huge size ke ho sakte hai,
Abhi tak ka jo sabse biggest space junk hai jo abhi bhi earth ke
around chakr laga raha hai,vo hai envisat satellite,jiska wajan 8 ton
hai,ye 2012 me hi inactive ho gaya tha,jo abhi abhi dharti ko rotate
kar raha hai,aur ye actual me kitna bara,iske paas khare is inssan se
comparison karke dekh sakte ho,and aap imagine kar sakte ho jab ye
kisi satellite se takrakar burst hoga to kitne saare debris ban
jaayenge,aur yahi aur debris bnayenge,kesseker symdrom ke wajah
se is kesseler symdrom ke bare me aage baat karenge
{ iska ek photo hai usme ek inssan khara hai,usi photo ko lena
hai,nahi mile to editing waqt puchh lena}
{ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Envisat }
{ https://satellitecharts.xyz/ } Satellite Charts website
{ IG-21-011.pdf } NASA PDF
Waise Ye space junk hamare liye kitna khatarnak ho sakte hai,thora
iske bare me bhi baat kar lete hai, dekho Space exploration ke liye
space junk,kai tariko se khatarnak hai.Pehli baat, satellites jo hain
woh hamari daily life ka ek important part,hain.to Agar ye satellites
space junk se takra jaaye, toh ye sirf satellites ko hi damage nahi
karega,balki hamare daily life me use hone wala communication
sytem wagira ko bhi affect karega,
{ https://youtu.be/MmVW8f31vI8?si=HkDk_W_Pnnp8DQxm }
satelite crash for video editing help
Dusri baat, astronauts jo International Space Station (ISS) me rahte
hain,unke liye bhi yeh ek bada risk hai.because iss ko jis leo orbit me
park kiya gaya,debris ka sabse jyada concentration isi orbit me hi
hai,aur yahi karan hai mi isse debris ka takrane ka risk bhi bahut
jyada hai,
even 2021 me iss ka ek robotic arm ek space debris se takraya bhi
tha,jiske wajah se usme 5 mm ka ek chhed ho gaya tha,but luckly vo
kaam kar raha tha iss debri collide link- {
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/space-junk-hit-
robotic-arm-international-space-station-180977878/
#:~:text=According%20to%20a%20statement%20by,the%20robotic
%20arm%20is%20unknown. }
aur yehi karan hai ki ISS ko saal me kai baar collision avoidance
maneuvers perform karne padte hain taki wo space junk se bach
sake.
Because issr Agar koi bada piece Even jis cup me ham chai pite hai
agar wo cup bhi International Space Station se takra gaya to uske
parkache ud jayenge
Teesri baat ye space junk new rockets , spacecrafts ke launch me bhi
problesm create kar sakte hai,because maan lo jis route se rocket
launch kiya gaya,aur usi route me koi space debri aa gaya,phir to
rocket crash ho jaayega,aur space me millions of space debris hai,to
collision ka chance aur badh jata hai.
{ https://www.nhm.ac.uk/discover/what-is-space-junk-and-why-is-it-
a-problem.html#:~:text=Fortunately%2C%20at%20the%20moment
%2C%20space,and%20potentially%20damaged%20or
%20destroyed. } pahli baat
{ https://www.snexplores.org/article/space-trash-kill-satellites-
space-station-astronauts#:~:text=The%20number%20of%20objects
%20that,and%20any%20astronauts%20in%20them. } dusri baat
{ file:///D:/otps_-
_cost_and_benefit_analysis_of_orbital_debris_remediation_-
_final.pdf } tisri baat
{ https://www.npr.org/2022/10/26/1131374307/international-
space-station-junk-debris-problem-satellite } ISS thrusters
Aur jab do satellite wagaira space me carsh ho hoakr space debri
banatae hai,tab vo eventually kesseler syndrome ke wajah se aur
debris banana lagte hai,and aisa kyu ye samjhane ke liye hame
kesselr symdrome samjhana parega
To,Dekho jaise ki maine bataya ki saal 1957 me duniya ka sabse pahla
man made satelite Sputnik 1 ko lunch kiya gya tha and. tab se lekar
aaj taq 51 thousand objects space me bheje ja chuke hai. To time ke
hisaab se jaise jaise space me rockets satelite aur bhi objects bheje ja
rahe the wo dhire dhire 1 se 2 , 2,se 4 , 4se 8 , 8 se 16 aise karte karte
bahut saare object space me earth ke orbit me cahkkar lagane lage.
But Yaha taq koi problem nahi tha problem ki starting tab hoti hai jab
setelite se connection tut jata hai ya fir wo kharab ho jata hai jisko fir
kisi bhi ajency ke dwara monitor nahi kiya ja sakta. Fir kya hota hai ki
jo kharab ho chuke setelites hote hai unki jagah kisi new setelite ko
bheja jata hai. { Ye thik waisa hi hai jaise kisi office me ek gaurd hota
hai wo kisi wajah se ya usnki death ho jaati hai to wo kaam chor deta
to uski gajah kisi aur ko replece kiya jata hai na ! waise hi space me
bhi hota hai isko as a example bata sakte ho . baaki aap apne hissab
se dekh lena Ajay bhai } aise hi dhire dhire karke purane setelite
kharab hote jaate hai aur space agencys new satelite ko lunch karti
rahti hai,jo space me jakr earth ke around ghumne lgate hai,.but sath
me old kharab setelites bhi sapace junk bankar,gero gravity ke wajah
se earth ke around chakkar lagate rahte hai. To jab itne saare
setelites,ek saath orbit me flot kar rahe hai, to maan lo kinhi 2
setelite me agar takkar hui fir uske 10 tukde bane phir wo 10 tukde
jakar 10 aur satelite se takra gya to aur 100 tukde ban gye, jaise 10
tukde se se 100 tukde bane phir 100 tukde se 500 tukde , phir 500
tukde se 2000 tukde,and ye jo process chal raha hai, jo chain create
ho raha hai isi process ko Kessler Syndrome phenomenon kahte hai,
isko "cascading collision hypothesis," bhi kahte hai.obviously ye
takraw itna jldi nahi hoga,jaise ki gravity movie me dikhai gai hai,of
course isme millions of saaal bhi lag sakte hai,but aisa hoga,ye fix
hai,
waise Kessler Syndrome ko pehli baar 1978 mein NASA ke scientist
Donald J. Kessler ne suggest kiya tha. Kessler ne warning bhi di thi ki
agar LEO,yaani ki low earth orbit mein space debris ki matra aise hi
badhti rahi to ek samay aayega jab takraav itne common ho jayenge
ki satelite aur spacecraft ko LEO mein surakshit roop se chalana
impossible ho jayega.
{ https://2001-2009.state.gov/r/pa/ho/time/lw/103729.htm }
satelite Sputnik 1
{ https://byjus.com/question-answer/what-is-kessler-syndrome-a-
disease-where-human-talk-while-sleeping-a-rare-viral-disease/ }
Kessler Syndrome or { https://www.nhm.ac.uk/discover/what-is-
space-junk-and-why-is-it-a-problem.html#:~:text=What%20is%20the
%20Kessler%20syndrome,where%20Earth's%20orbit%20became
%20unusable. } Kessler Syndrome
{ https://www.spacecentre.co.uk/news/space-now-blog/the-kessler-
syndrome/#:~:text=The%20Kessler%20syndrome%20was%20first,
(LEO)%20was%20accelerating%20rapidly. } The Kessler syndrome
was first proposed in 1978 by NASA scientist Donald J. Kessler.
Waise Yaha pe Donald J. Kessler ne jis LEO orbit ki baat kar rahe hai
isi orbit me sabse jyada satelites park kiye jaate hai.
Dekho waise to mainly 3 hi aise orbit hai jaha par satelites ko park
kiya jata hai
1st hai LEO yaani ki Low Earth orbit ye jo orbit hai ye earth se 160 km
to 2,000 km uper hota hai ye most crowded isliye hota hai quki jo
LEO orbit me Satelite park kiye jaate hai ek to ye teji se move karte
hai saath hi LEO orbit wale,satelite earth ke close hote hai jiski wajah
se jo image liya jata hai wo kaafi clear aur high resulatation ka hota
hai aur communication me bhi sahi dhang se ho pata hai. Isi wajah se
ISS bhi isi orbit me park kiya gya hai.
{https://www.esa.int/ESA_Multimedia/Images/2020/03/
Low_Earth_orbit } Low Earth orbit and ISS
{https://www.esa.int/Enabling_Support/Space_Transportation/
Types_of_orbits#:~:text=LEO's%20close%20proximity%20to
%20Earth,take%20images%20of%20higher%20resolution. } Low
Earth orbit
2nd hai MEO yaani ki Medium Earth orbit ye jo orbit hai ye earth se
2,000 km se lekar 35,786 km upper tak hota hai 3rd hai Geostationary
orbit yaani ki GEO ye orbit earth se 35,786 KM uper se start ho jaata
hai. Aur yaha par in dono hi orbit me jyda satelite nahi hai yaha par
approx 739 hi satelite orbit me rotate kar rahe hai.
Aap soch rahe honge bhai aisa q,Lower Earth Orbit me kaha 25
thousand active satelite but meo and geo me only 739.aisa kyu,to
Dekho iska fanda bada hi simpe hai, ye dono hi orbit earth se jyda
unchai par hai to bahut jayda fuel ki jarurt padegi LEO ke mukable ,
ye dono jyda costly padta hai isliye isme kam satelite bheje jaate hai
dusri baat ye hai ki MEO and GEO satellites typically jayda complex
hote hai than LEO satellites ke. Iske liye bahut jayda powerful
transmitters aur receivers chahiye taaki ground stations se
communicate kiya ja sake.
To kuch in sari reasons ke wajah se yaha satellites km bheje jaate hai
{
https://www.ssc.spaceforce.mil/Newsroom/Article-Display/Article/3
465697/leo-meo-or-geo-diversifying-orbits-is-not-a-one-size-fits-all-
mission-part-2-of#:~:text=%E2%80%9CThe%20trade%2Doff%20is
%2C,analyst%20at%20the%20Aerospace%20Corporation. }
Expencive MEO and GEO
{ https://www.kratosdefense.com/constellations/articles/is-meo-
poised-for-new-growth-as-satellite-market-shifts } MEO 159 satelites
{ https://www.kratosdefense.com/constellations/articles/is-meo-
poised-for-new-growth-as-satellite-market-shifts } GEO 580 Satelits
Ab jab earth space junk se itna hi bhara hai,to aakhir koi space
agency jab rocket launch karti hai,to space junk ko kaise avoid karti
hai,
To,dekho space agencies, space junk ko avoid karne ke liye mainly in
tariqo ko istemal karti hai jo aabhi mai aapko ek ek karke batane
wala hu sabse pahli baat Jaise Earth pe traffic lights hote hain, waise
hi space ka bhi traffic control system hai. Agencies har active satellite
aur space junk pe nazar rakhti hain. Unka position aur speed track
karti hai iske track karne ke liye woh advanced radars aur telescopes
ka istemal karte hain. Aise mein, woh rocket ko potential takraav se
bachane ke liye uske path/rasta ko modify kar dete hai hain. Matlb
in case agar koi setelite jo earth se lunch ho raha hai aur wo space
junk se takrane wala hai to jo rocket ka rasta hai usko thora idhar
udhar kar diya jaata hai , Iske alwa NASA, space debris se bachne
ke,liye
"Trajectory Optimization Program" (TOP) naam ka ek software
program ka istemal karti hai. TOP yeh dekhta hai ki kaise launch ki
trajactory banayi jaaye taaki, jo space mein space junk hai usse bach
sake.
Isro bhi netra jaise system ke jariye space debris ko track aur detect
karta hai
{ https://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/science/isro-initiates-project-
netra-to-safeguard-indian-space-assets-from-debris-and-other-
harm/article29497795.ece }
Aise hi European Space Agency (ESA) inhone ne bhi ek aisa system
banya hai jise DISCOS kahte hai , DISCOS se woh log jaankari lete hain
ki space me kahan-kahan space junk hai. Ye jo DISCOS program hai
isko earth ke advance telescopes aur space ke radar ki help se pata
chalta hai ki Low Earth Orbit me kaha kaha par Space junk hai taaki
jab rocket lunch ho to usko avoid kiya ja sake.
Jaise SpaceX ke Starlink satellites ne July 2023 mein report kiya hai ki
unhone sirf pichle 6 mahino mein 25,000 se jayda baar wo space junk
se takrane se bache hai. Sochkar dekho space me kitna junk hota
hai. Aur agar inko track nahi kiya jaata to saayd Space X ka ye Satelite
bhi aaj space junk bankar chain create kar raha hota.
Aise hi baaki agencys ne bhi apne apne program bana rakhe hai ya
wo Nasa or ESA ka program ko use karti hai aur kai saari Agencys bhi
aise hi team work karti hai taaki apne rocket ko susscfully orbit me
pahucha sake. .
{https://www.nature.com/articles/news.2011.254#:~:text=Even
%20a%20centimetre%2Dsized%20piece,space%2Dbased
%20telescopes%20and%20radar. } Tracking known space debris
{https://www.esa.int/About_Us/ESOC/
Space_debris_assessing_the_risk#:~:text=DISCOS%20can%20be
%20used%20to,involved%20to%20take%20evasive%20action. } ESA
{ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trajectory_optimization } Trajectory
Optimization Program
{ https://www.space.com/starlink-satellite-conjunction-increase-
threatens-space-sustainability } space X
But ye to ho gai in space junks ko avoid karne ki technique,but inko
completely clean karne ke liye,kya solution hai,
To sabse pahla solution to yahi hai ki aabhi ke time pe jo important
Satelite hai sirf unko hi Bheja jaaye but apne Elon Chaha kaha rukne
wale hai halhi me ye news aai thi ki Elon musk ki starlink space
Agency 42 thousand Satelite aane wale time me space me Bhejne
wali hai ! duniya ko bacnane ke liye { { poking style me } haa wahi
Setelite jisse hame Tej internet milega
{ https://www.forbes.com/sites/johnkoetsier/2020/01/09/elon-
musks-42000-starlink-satellites-could-just-save-the-world/?
sh=32d565644c2c } elon musk 44k
but experts ka aisa manna hai ki Tej internet mile ya na mile but ye
Satelite Kessler Syndrome ko jarur badwad dene wala hai.
Khair ye to future ki baat ho gai, but un inactive Satelites ka kya jo
abhi bhi space me kachre ki trah ghum rahe hai. scinetis ke pas unko
clean karne ke liye kya plan hai,
To Esa jaise space agency kuch aise concept pe kaaam kar rahi
hai,jisme kharab satellites ko aise net ke sahayata se capture karke
use earth ke orbit se nikalkar aise atmoshphere me jala diya jaayega,
Video footage- { https://youtu.be/eYVsVRgiS0w?si=hP-
wmsEj8lNSx4Ca } timestamp – 2:47 se
nahi to use graveyard orbit me shift kar diya jaayega,
graveyard orbit basicaaly leo,meo,geo in sabhi orbit se upar hota
hai,aur inhi orbit me jab kisi satellite ka kaam khatm hone wala hota
hai,to ek last burn karke is orbit me park kar diya jata hai,jaha pe ye
ghumte rahta hai,
video footage- { https://youtu.be/UbzQKg7bt48?si=-
fp4Af_RhPxkDVmF } timestamp 5:59 se footage milane lagengi
but is technique me ye problem hai ki graveyard orbit me sirf unhi
satellites ko shift kiya ja sakta hai,jo abhi chal rahi thi,or unka kaam
khatm ho gaya,but jo datellites kharab ho chuki hai,unko clean karne
ke liye kuch aise hi effort lagana parega,jaise esa plan kar raha hai
Video footage- { https://youtu.be/eYVsVRgiS0w?si=hP-
wmsEj8lNSx4Ca } timestamp – 2:47 se
and ye bahut jaruari nahi to hum dharti se future me kahi bahar
nikal hi nahi payaenge,hamari dharti space debris se ghirkaar ek
open prison banakr rah jaayegi,
| Thanks For Watching
Scripted BY SCAHIN RANA |
