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Practice Forced Landings

1) The document provides guidance on practicing forced landings in the event of a total or partial engine failure, including selecting a suitable landing area, maintaining glide speed, and executing a safe approach and landing. 2) It outlines key actions and considerations at different stages of a forced landing scenario, such as immediately trimming for best glide speed, identifying a landing area, attempting an engine restart, and securing the aircraft before impact. 3) Proper execution of a forced landing involves correctly identifying and proceeding to high and low key points before performing a short approach landing within specified tolerances.

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adnantahir2711
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88 views16 pages

Practice Forced Landings

1) The document provides guidance on practicing forced landings in the event of a total or partial engine failure, including selecting a suitable landing area, maintaining glide speed, and executing a safe approach and landing. 2) It outlines key actions and considerations at different stages of a forced landing scenario, such as immediately trimming for best glide speed, identifying a landing area, attempting an engine restart, and securing the aircraft before impact. 3) Proper execution of a forced landing involves correctly identifying and proceeding to high and low key points before performing a short approach landing within specified tolerances.

Uploaded by

adnantahir2711
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Practice Forced Landings

Aim

• To be able to select a landing area to perform a forced landing with total or


partial engine failure

• To correctly plan and carry out a forced approach and landing.


Why learn PFLs

• Todays aircraft engines are very reliable and engine failure are very rare - but
they do happen.

• It is important to be able to execute a safe forced landing should you end up


in a situation that requires one.
Airmanship

• Clear the engine every 1000ft by adding 2000RPM for a few seconds.
• Keep landing area in sight at all times(all turns to the left) and do not make
unnecessary changes in eld selection.

• Go around when instructed!


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Immediate actions (A)
As soon as the engine fails

• Pitch and trim the aircraft for your best glide speed. (75kts)
• Fuel pump on
• Identify landing area (WOSSSS)
• Identify and proceed to key points.

Remember height is time.


Selecting landing areas
WOSSSS

• Wind
• Obstacles
• Size
• Shape
• Surface and Slope
• Surroundings
Gliding Distance & Time
Height is Key

• A typical aircraft has a best lift/drag ratio of 9:1


• For every 1000ft lost vertically, you gain 9000ft (1.5nm) horizontally
• A tailwind will increase your range and a headwind will decrease it.

• An aircraft in a glide descends at about 700ft/min.


• From 3000ft you have about 4 min till touchdown.
Key Points
WIND

(D)
(C)
(E)
HK
2000FT
1000FT (B)

(A)
Flaps in stages
Engine Failure
Cause for engine failure (B)

• Mixture - rich
• Fuel quantity - su cient
• Magnetos - Both
• Fuel selector - correct tank
• Carburettor heat - ON
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Attempt restart (C)

• Masters - ON
• Mixture - rich
• Fuel selector - switch tank
• Throttle - 1/4 forward
• Magnetos - crank
Mayday (D)
Remember for training to NOT transmit this message

• Mayday - 3x
• Station you are calling
• Callsign
• Nature
• Intentions
• PoB
• 7700
• Request emergency services
Before Crash actions (E)
Prior reaching lowkey

• Mixture - ICO
• Fuel pump - OFF
• Masters - OFF
• Magnetos - OFF
• Seat belts - Secure

Final Actions: Doors unlocked and open


Go-around
PAT

• Power - smoothly apply full power (watch for pitch up and yaw tendency).
• Attitude - Adjust nose to a S&L attitude till at a safe climb speed and then set
climb attitude. (Retract aps in stages until 10 setting).

• Trim - Retract last stage of aps after positive ROC and then trim down to
maintain climb attitude.
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Overhead PFL

• You commence an overhead PFL at about 2000ft at highkey


• Idle power proceed to lowkey on the downwind leg
• R/T call reporting lowkey and intentions
• Perform a short approach landing
Common Errors
• Not keeping aircraft trimmed for best glide speed when lowering aps
• Performing descending turns with aps without maintaining airspeed
• Changing selected landing areas several times and not maintaining visual with
it at all times.

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Completion Standards

• Positively identi ed a landing area


• Positively identi ed highkey and lowkey and proceeded to them
• Carried out a correct approach and landing (Overhead PFL).
• Overhead PFL landing: Overshoot aiming point +500ft, undershoot 0ft
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