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2021 2 A 1
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2020 1 A 1
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2019 1 A 1
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2019 1 A

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2018 1 A 1
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2018 1 B 1

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2018 2 B 1

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2017 1 A 1
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2017 2 A 1
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2017 2 B 1

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2016 1 A 1
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2016 1 B 1

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2015 1 A 1
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2015 2 B 1

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2014 1 A 1
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2014 2 B 1

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2013 1 A 1

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2013 1 B 2

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2013 2 A 1
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2013 2 B 1

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2013 2 B 2
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2012 1 A 1

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2012 1 A 11

2012 1 B 1

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2012 2 A 2
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2012 2 A 9

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2012 2 B 1

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2012 2 B 10

2011 1 A 1
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2011 1 B 1

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2011 2 A 1

2011 2 A 1

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2011 2 B 1

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2011 2 B 8

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2011 2 B 9
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2011 2 B 9
2010 1 A 1

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2010 1 A 11

2010 1 B 1

2010 1 B 2

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2010 1 B 4

2010 1 B 4
2010 1 B 5
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2010 1 B 8

2010 1 B 8
2010 1 B 9
2010 2 A 1
2010 2 A 2
2010 2 A 2
2010 2 A 3

2010 2 A 3

2010 2 A 4
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2010 2 A 7

2010 2 A 7
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2010 2 A 9

2010 2 A 9

2010 2 A 10

2010 2 B 2

2010 2 B 2

2010 2 B 2

2010 2 B 3
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2010 2 B 10

2009 1 A 1

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2009 1 A 11

2009 1 B 2

2009 1 B 4
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2009 1 B 6
2009 2 A 1
2009 2 A 2
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2009 2 A 4

2009 2 A 4
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2009 2 A 7

2009 2 A 9

2009 2 B 1

2009 2 B 2

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2009 2 B 9
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2008 1 A 1

2008 1 A 2

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2008 1 A 6

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2008 1 A 9

2008 1 A 10

2008 1 B 3

2008 1 B 3

2008 1 B 4

2008 1 B 4
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2008 1 B 8
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2008 2 A 1
2008 2 A 2

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2008 2 A 7

2008 2 A 10

2008 2 B 1

2008 2 B 1

2008 2 B 2
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2008 2 B 5
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2008 2 B 9

2007 1 A 1

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2007 1 A 6

2007 1 A 7

2007 1 A 11

2007 1 B 1

2007 1 B 2

2007 1 B 3

2007 1 B 4
2007 1 B 5

2007 1 B 8
2007 2 A 1

2007 2 A 1

2007 2 A 1
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2007 2 A 5

2007 2 A 5

2007 2 A 7

2007 2 B 1

2007 2 B 1

2007 2 B 2

2007 2 B 3
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2007 2 B 6

2006 1 A 1

2006 1 A 2

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2006 1 A 3

2006 1 A 3

2006 1 A 4
2006 1 A 5

2006 1 B 1

2006 1 B 2
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2006 1 B 4
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2006 1 B 8

2006 1 B 8

2006 2 A 2

2006 2 A 3

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2006 2 A 7

2006 2 B 1

2006 2 B 1

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2005 1 A 1

2005 1 A 2

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2005 1 A 7

2005 1 A 9

2005 1 A 11

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2005 1 B 8
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2005 2 B 2

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2004 1 A 1

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2004 1 B 1

2004 1 B 2

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2004 1 B 8

2004 2 A 1

2004 2 A 1

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2004 2 A 7

2004 2 B 10

2003 1 A 1

2003 1 A 3

2003 1 A 4

2003 1 A 6

2003 1 A 9

2003 1 A 10

2003 1 A 11

2003 1 B 1

2003 1 B 2

2003 1 B 3
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2003 1 B 8

2003 1 B 8
2003 2 A 1
2003 2 A 1

2003 2 A 7

2002 1 A 1

2002 1 A 2

2002 1 A 3

2002 1 A 4
2002 1 A 5

2002 1 A 6

2002 1 A 11

2002 1 B 1

2002 1 B 3

2002 1 B 4
2002 1 B 5

2002 1 B 7

2002 1 B 8
2002 2 A 1

2002 2 A 1

2002 2 A 4

2002 2 A 9

2002 2 B 1

2002 2 B 2
2002 2 B 4
2002 2 B 4
2002 2 B 7

2002 2 B 8

2001 1 B 1

2001 1 B 2

2001 1 B 3

2001 1 B 4
2001 1 B 5
2001 1 B 7

2001 1 B 8

2001 2 A 1

2001 2 A 1

2001 2 A 4

2001 2 A 9

1 A 3

1 A 4
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1 A 7

1 A 9

1 A 9

1 B 1

1 B 1

1 B 2

1 B 3

1 B 3

1 B 4

1 B 4

1 B 4
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2 A 9

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2 B 1
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2 B 1

2 B 2

2 B 2

2 B 2

2 B 3
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2 B 9
Question
"There is a red chair." How would Plato explain this statement with the use of his theory of forms?
Examine.

"Potentiality is indefinable" according to Aristotle. Explain the relationship between potentiality and
actuality with reference to the above philosophical position by taking the example of a "wooden table".

"Sensible things are those only which are immediately perceived by sense." Explain Berkeley's theory of
knowledge with reference to the above statement.

Examine the concept of personal identity by Locke.

"The relation between cause and effect is on of constant conjunction". Examine Hume's criticism of
causation in the light of the above statement.

Discuss Hegel's Dialectical method. Explain how his dialectical method leads him to the Absolute Idealism.

What according to Logical Positivists are "pseudostatements"? How does one identify "pseudostatements"?
Critically discuss with examples.

Explain how Cartesian formulation of ontological argument is criticized by Kant.

What are the main arguments put forward by Moore in his paper "A Defence of Common Sense" to prove
that there are possible propositions about the world that rea known to be true with certainty? Do you think
Moore's arguments provide a sufficient response to objections presented by the sceptic against the
possibility of knowledge? Give reasons in support of your answer.

What according to Strawson are basic particulars? What reasons does Strawson offer to believe that
'material bodies' and 'persons' are basic particulars? Critically discuss.
Critically examine Quine's postulate of empiricism without the dogmas with reference to his 'Two Dogmas
of Empiricism.'

Present a critical exposition of Husserl's criticism of 'natural attitude'. How does Husserl propose to address
the problems involved in natural attitude through his phenomenological method?
"I can always choose, but I ought to know that if I do not choose, I am still choosing". Critically discuss
Sartre's conception of choice and responsibility in the light of above statement.

What does Wittgenstein mean by the statement - "Whereof one cannot speak thereof one must be silent?"
Critically discuss.

Does the seed contain the tree? Discuss with reference to Nyaya-Vaisesika Philosophy.

Explain with reference to Nyaya Philosophy , the nature of sabda as the advice of apta(a reliable person).
Is 'inseparability'(ayuta-siddatva) a necessary condition or a sufficient condition for defining
characteristics(laksana) of samavaya(inherence)? Explain with reference to Vaisesika Philosophy.

Distinguish between pudgala-nairatmyavada and dharma-nairatmyavada with reference to Buddhist

Philosophy.

Comment on the bearing of Carvaka epistemology on the rejection of transcendental entities by them.

Explain with reference to Yoga Philosophy, the nature of klesas. How does the removal of these led to
kaivalya?
Explain the Sankhya view on three gunas(guna-traya) and their modifications.

What, according to Mimansakas, is the ontological status of abhava(absence) and how does one know it?
Explain and examine.

How do the advocates of anurvacaniya-khyati refute the position of the Naiyayikas and establish the
position of Advaitins regarding the problem of error? Critically discuss.

If everything is momentary then how do Buddhists explain the problem of memory and personal identity?
Critically discuss.
Explain the Jain view of seven-fold(sapta-bhangi) 'Naya'.

According to Sri Aurobindo, 'the awakening of the psychic being and its gradual prominence over all other
parts of being is the first step in the conscious evolution of main'. Explain and examine.

Compare and contrast the views of Sankara and Ramanuja regarding the status of the world.

Discuss critically the distributive theory of justice as propounded by R. Nozick.

How does Russeau distinguish between natural and artificial inequality? Explain.

Is Austin's theory of sovereignty compatible with democracy? Discuss.

Does monarchy as a form of government leave room for individual freedom? Explain.

How far can land and property rights be effective in empowerment of women? Explain.
Discuss whether Amratya Sen's idea of justice is an improvement upon Rawl's theory of justice.

Explain the reformative theory of punishment and discuss whether this is in tune with human dignity.

Can humanism be a substitute for religion? Explain and evaluate in the context of the present Indian
society.

Discuss anarchism as a political ideology. Is it possible to dispense with political authority completely? Give
reasons for your answer.
Discuss the distinctive feature of Gandhian Socialism and its contemporary relevance.

Discuss Kautilya's contribution regarding the concept of sovereignty. Is it applicable in a democratic form of
government? Explain.

Discuss the views of Dr. B.R. Ambedkar regarding caste-discrimination in Indian society. What are the
measures suggested by him for its elimination? Explain.

What are the main causes of female foeticide in India? Is it the result of demonic application of technology
only? Discuss.
Evaluate whether the social contract theory adequately addresses the different issues of human rights.

Discuss the nature of God as propounded in Nyaya Philosophy

Discuss the possibility of Absolute Truth in the context of religious pluralism.

Is religious freedom possible in a multireligious society? Explain.

Is religious life possible without the belief in God? Discuss.

Discus the paradox of omnipotence of God in the context of the existence of evil.

Discuss the concept of immortality of soul with special reference to Hindu tradition.

Elucidate the concept of liberation according to Advaita Vedanta. Explain the role of knowledge in the
attainment of liberation.
Do you consider that religion and mortality are inseparable? Give reasons for your answer.

Discuss the role of reason and faith in religion. Can reason be a regulative force in the formulation of
religious beliefs? Explain.

Give acritical account of moral argument to prove the existence of God.

Explain the concept of religious experience in the light of Vedantic tradition.

What is non-cognitive theory of religious language? Explain critically in the light of R.B. Braithwaite's views.

Discuss and evaluate doctrine of Karma as an essential postulate of Hinduism.

Explain the symbolic nature of religious language with special reference to Paul Tillich.

How does Aristotle argue for the priority of Form over Matter and Actuality over Potentiality? Critically
discuss.
How does Leibniz's conception of monads bear upon his views on determinism and freedom? Discuss with
your comments.

"From the necessity of the divine nature there must follow infinitely many things in infinitely many ways."
Explain this statement by Spinoza along with some possible criticisms.

When does Pure Reason enter into the realm of Antinomies according to Kant? Is Kant's notion of
Antinomies of Pure Reason a natural culmination of his distinction between Phenomena and Noumena?
Giver reasons in favour of your answer.

"I never can catch myself at any time without perception, and never can observe anything but perception."
How does this statement by Hume problematize the philosophical notion of personal identity? How does
Kant deal with this problem in his Critique of Pure Reason?
Examine the reality of the phenomenal world in the light of Hegel's Absolute Idealism.

Critically Discuss the following statement by Moore: "If anyone tells us that to say 'Blue exists' is the same
thing as to say that 'Both blue and consciousness exist', he makes a mistake and a self-contradictory
mistake".

"The reason that I call my doctrine logical atomism is because the atoms that I wish to arrive at as the sort
of last residue in analysis are logical atoms and not physical atoms." Write a note on the nature of atomic
facts according to Russel in the light of the above statement.

"The Soul of Superman is Good." Critically examine the above statement in the light of logical positivism.
"But could we also imagine a language in which a person could write down or give vocal expression to his
inner experiences - his feelings, moods and the rest - for his private use?" Critically discuss the answer
offered by Wittgenstein to this question.

What, according to Husserl, is wrong with psychologism? How does Husserl address the problems with
psychologism in his phenomenological method?

What does Kierkegaard mean by saying "Subjectivity is the truth" in the context of the problem of 'the
single individual'?

"You can always make something out of what you have been made into." Critically discuss this statement
by Sartre with reference to his views on existentialism.
Evaluate the role of spatio-temporal thinking in objective thinking with reference to Strawson's theory of
basic particulars.

Critically evaluate Carvaka's rejection of Akasa as one of the elements of reality and examine their criticism
of transmigration of Soul.

Explain the differences of conception of Reality between Carvaka and Jainism.

Examine the concept of Karma according to Jainism. How does it bear upon their conception of Liberation?
How does Buddhism explain Self in terms of Pancaskandhas? What is Liberation for Buddhism if there is no
Soul?

How is Ksanikavada a logical derivative of Pratityasamutpada in Buddhism? Explain.

Explain the concepts of 'Anyathasiddha' and 'Ananyathasiddha' in the context of Asatkaryavada.

Critically evaluate the logical and metaphysical status of Visesa in the context of Vaisesika Philosophy.
"A mango tree is grown out of a mango seed." How will Samkhya system explain this process through their
memory of causation by rejecting their rival perspectives?

Explain the difference between Samprajnata Samadhi and Asamprajnata Samadhi.

Why is memory not a valid knowledge according to Mimamsa?

Point out the significance of five-fold differences in Dualistic School of Vedanta.

Discuss the nature and types of matter according to Nimbarka.

Discuss the nature and relationship of Jiva and Jiva-saksi according to non-dualism.

What does Aurobindo mean by 'life divine' as a possibility and inevitability?

Is the concept of 'liberty' realizable in the modern technological society? Explain

Explain the importance of Bodin's theory of sovereignty.

State and explain the relevance of the doctrine of sovereignty in times of globalization.

Is Indian tradition antagonistic to Individual Rights? Consider it by taking recourse to the doctrine of
'Human Rights'.

How far do the liberal democracies safeguard the interests of minorities? Evaluate critically.
Do you think that the prevailing pandemic will lead to anarchism in society? Discuss.

How far is Marxism as a philosophical doctrine relevant in the present context? Justify your answer.

Do you think that secularism requires complete separation of 'religion' and 'state'? Discuss.

What do you understand by multiculturalism? Explain the structural characteristics that make a nation
multicultural.
Do you think that retributive theory of punishment is against human rights? Discuss.

How far do the social and political regimes condition corrupt practices in a nation-state? Discuss.

State and examine the Gandhian concept of social development.

Do you agree that empowering women can eliminate gender discrimination? Discuss.
State and examine B. R. Ambedkar's contribution towards social changes in Independent India.

Is there any compatibility between 'Freedom of Will' and 'Omnipotent God'? Discuss.

Discuss the nature of God in Hinduism with special reference to Vishishtadvaita(Qualified non-dualism).

Is the ontological proof for the existence of God by St. Anselm logical? Discuss.
What is the logical problem of evil? Discuss.

The concept of 'Immortality' is a basic presumption of religion. Elaborate your answer.

Do you accept that Knowledge, Action and Devotion are the means to attain liberation in Indian tradition?
Discuss.

Distinguish between prayer and worship and determine their place in religion.
What are the basic tenets of faith? Distinguish between faith and belief.

Critically examine the concept of God as prerequisite for a religion.

Are religious beliefs and practices incompatible with moral behaviour? Discuss.

Discuss the significance of 'Religion' vis-à-vis the present scientific and technological development.
Is it acceptable that the History of Religions is the History of Conflicts? Discuss.

What is the importance of religious tolerance in a multicultural pluralistic society? Justify your answer.

Does religious language carry cognitive content? Elucidate in detail.

What does Plato want to prove by his 'Allegory of Cave'?

What are the reasons for developmental changes in substance according to Aristotle? Discuss.

How does Descartes prove the existence of things other than himself and God? Discuss.

What do you understand by Spinoza's statement that what is, cannot be other that what it is? Explain.

Is there any element of necessity in causal relations according to Hume? Discuss.

What is the role of dialectics in realizing the truth in Hegel's philosophy?

How does Kant argue for the transcendence of Space and Time? Discuss.

Why is Moore's philosophy called common-sense realism?

How do the logical positivists account for the meaning of general statements? Can the same account be
applied to metaphysical statements? Discuss.
Can hallucination be regarded as an intentional act by Husserl? Explain

Show how Wittgenstein's Critique of solipsism culminates in the critique of private-language

Explain Quine's arguments against synthetic-analytic distinction.

How does Sartre look at the problem of freedom of choice and determinism? Explain.
Is Dasein authentic existence for Heidegger? How does he relate temporality with Dasein? Discuss.

Are the Carvakas consistent when they hold that inference is not a source of knowledge? Discuss.

What is wrong according to the Carvakas with the following argument? "All men are mortal. Socrates is a
man. Therefore, Socrates is mortal." Justify your answer with arguments.

How is reality defined by Jainas? How is this theory of reality reflected in their view on judgements?
Discuss.
How do the Yogacara Buddhists deny the existence of the external world? Discuss.

What is Pratityasamutpada? How do the Buddhists apply this concept to prove that everything is
momentary?

Justify the status of Abhava as a category in Vaisesika philosophy.

What is the role of Jnanalaksana-pratyaksa in explaining Anyathakhyati?

How does Udayana prove the existence of God through Karyat, Ayojanat, Dhrtyadeh and Sruteh? Discuss.

Critically discuss the metaphysical status of Jiva and a Purusa according to Samkhya philosophy.

Which Samkhya proof for the existence of Prakriti actually shows that there can be only one Prakriti? Justify
your answer.

How would Yoga philosophy comprehend the Citta-levels of a Scientist, a God-realized Devotee and a Self-
realised Yogi? Justify your answer.
How does Mimamsa establish the authority of Vedic knowledge?

Explain the logical consequences of the metaphysical absolutism of Advaitism.

Explain the unique position of the Supermind in the metaphysical scheme of Aurobindo's philosophy.

How far do you think John Rawls is continuing with Plato's concept of justice?
Does liberty put limitations to equality? Discuss.

Discuss how far does Austin's concept of sovereignty go along with Kautilya's concept of sovereignty.

Do rights make citizens accountable to the State? Argue in the context of the present Indian scenario.

Discuss the status of theocracy in the modern secular state.

Evaluate Mahatma Gandhi as a political anarchist.

What do you consider to be the future of Marxism in the context of the prevalent free market economy?

What are the descriptive and normative perspectives on ideas of multiculturalism?

Examine whether there is any difference between the views of Mahatma Gandhi and Dr. Babasaheb
Ambedkar on the philosophical foundations of secular democracy.
Is corruption not a form of mass violence? Discuss.

Does capital punishment weaken the doctrine of social justice? Discuss.

Does technological development lead to progress in the ethical standards of the society? Explain.

Can gender equality be realised within a socialist regime? Analyse.

Consider critically, the gender discrimination is a rather man-made concept but not naturally endowed.

State and Evaluate the personalistic and impersonalistic aspects of God.

Discuss the relationship between man and God according to any one of the religions in India.

State and evaluate the proofs for the existence of God as propounded in Jainism.
What role do the concepts of evil and profane play to provide a firm foundation to religion?

State and explain the doctrine of Karma, Rebirth and Reincarnation in Hinduism.

What is instrumental to self-revelation: Faith or Reason? Justify your position.

How far can religious experience be made a topic of public discourse? Analyse.
How would a religious person deny the possibility of a religion without God? Discuss.

Can there be a philosophical argument to support violence in the name of religion? Discuss.

Does a devoted commitment to a religious way of life make man go astray from social morality? Examine.

Secular ethics cannot fully resolve as to why one should be moral all the time. Examine.
Is religion a uniting force for humanity in the globalizing world as of today? Discuss.

Expound and explain the central problem in the discussion between religious pluralists and religious
exclusivists.

Discuss whether and how does religious symbolism lead to mysticism.

Is the relation between the Idea and the World as discussed by Plato logically consistent? Discuss Aristotle's
views regarding this and also give arguments in favour of your answer.
Is there any place for freedom in Leibniz's philosophy, when he speaks of "pre-established harmony'?
Discuss.

What is the reason for the difference in the definitions and classifications of substances made by Descartes,
Spinoza and Leibniz in spite of the fact that they all belonged to the rationalist school of thought? Discuss.

Are the two truths-"The Sun will rise tomorrow" and '2+2-4' of the same necessity for Hume? Give reasons
in favour of your answer.

How does Berkeley establish that Mind and its ideas alone are real? How do Moore and Russell react to
Berkeley's view in this regard? Do you find any difference between Moore's reaction and Russell's one?
Discuss.
Explain the significance of the Kantian dictum, 'Understanding makes Nature'. How far do you agree that
Hegel's Absolutism is the culmination of the Kantian Dualism? Discuss. Give reasons in favour of your
answer.

How is Russell's theory of definite description related to his Logical Atomism? Discuss and give reasons for
your answer.

How does Wittgenstein apply the distinction between 'saying' and 'showing' to point to a single way of
apprehending the most decisive problems of philosophy? Is he justified? Give reasons for your answer.

How do the logical positivists show that metaphysical sentences are meaningless? Can their verification
theory of meaning account for the meaningfulness of all scientific sentences? Discuss.
How does the notion of 'family resemblance help Wittgenstein to uphold that 'Language is a game'?
Discuss.

What is Epoch? How does Heidegger reject this method of phenomenological reduction? Explain
Heidegger's concept of 'being in the world' as opposed to the concept of a transcendental ego.

How does Sartre connect inauthenticity with bad faith? Why does Sartre show that inauthenticity and bad
faith lead to alienation? Discuss.

How does Strawson explain the concept of person in his philosophy? Discuss.
How does Quine show that the notion of a prior knowledge as discussed by Kant is a metaphysical article of
faith'? Give reasons for your answer.

Is Carvaka rejection of inference acceptable to the other systems of Indian philosophy? If not, why? Do you
think the views of other systems to be justified? Give reasons for your answer.

How do the Jaina philosophers explain 'bondage'? What, according to them, is the distinction between
"liberated soul' and 'bound soul'? What do the Jainas think about the condition of the 'liberated soul'?
Discuss.

How do the Madhyamika Buddhists apply the notion of Pratityasamutpada to establish their doctrine of
Sunyata? Discuss.
Is it consistent for the Buddhists to admit the theory of Nairatmyavada and the doctrine of Nirvana
simultaneously? Give reasons in favour of your answer.

How do the Vaisesika philosophers explain the difference of the relationships in the Iwo cases - (i) the
brown colour of the table and (ii) the book on the table? Discuss.

How do the Buddhists and the Nyaya philosophers explain our knowledge of 'the absence of the jar on the
table'? Answer in detail.

How do the Naiyayikas prove the existence of God? Do the Yoga philosophers prove God in the same way?
If yes, how? And if no, why? Give reasons for your answer.
Is Purusa one or many? Explain the Samkhya position in this regard and give arguments in support of your
answer.

What is the difference between the indescribability(Anirvacaniyata) of Brahman and the

indescribability(Anirvacaniyata) of Maya in the Advaita Vedanta system? Discuss.

How do the Advaita Vedantins react to the Prakrtiparinamavada of the Samkhya philosophy? How do the
Sarhkhyas defend their own position in this regard? Discuss.

How does Ramanuja refute the doctrine of Maya as propounded by Sankara? Why is Maya needed by both
Ramanuja and Sankara lo establish their doctrines? Discuss.
Give a comparative exposition of the concept of Moksa as found in the systems of Visistadvaita, Dvaita,
Suddhadvaita and Acintyabhedabheda.

Does the admission of Svayamprakasavada necessarily lead to the admission of Svatahpramanyavada?

Discuss after the Naiyayikas, the Mimamsakas and the Advaita Vedantins.

What is Evolution according to Sri Aurobindo? Describe the process of triple transformation and the nature
of gnostic being in his philosophy.

How far can liberty and equality be considered as distinctive features of democracy? Discuss.
Discuss Kautilya's concept of sovereignty in the light of Danda- neeti'.

Critically evaluate Laski's view on sovereignty as a satisfactory position in political theory.

Human rights and human dignity would no longer be the product of a particular culture, rather a common
human aspiration for an ideal world. Discuss.

What is meant by liberal democracy? Does it require deeper principles for social cohesion to balance its
own strong affirmation of individual rights? Give reasons from the Indian context.
Are Marxian Socialism and individual freedom consistent? Discuss critically.

Do you subscribe to the political ideology of Anarchists? Justify your answer.

Do you subscribe to the view that Indian cultural identity needs to integrate the principles of
multiculturalism and respect for the dignity of each person? Justify your answer.

What form of humanism do you approve as relevant in the present-day context? Discuss in detail.
What do you understand by multi-culturalism? How are globalization and multi-culturalism related? How
does their relationship affect cultural changes?

What measures do you suggest to eradicate corruption in Indian democracy?

Is feminism an ideology for empowerment or for equality? Discuss.

How do you evaluate gender discrimination in the context of female foeticide?

It is said that the traditional hold of caste-based groups on Indian social behaviour has survived all attempts
to build alternate identities. Discuss in the light of M.K. Gandhi.

Is Hinduism polytheistic? Give reasons for your answer.

The terms "Sacred' and 'Holy' have come to serve as generic names for the object of religion. Do you agree
that one can have God as the object of religion? Discuss.

Does the concept of God entail the existence of God? Examine from the perspective of ontological
argument.
Compare St. Thomas Aquinas' five ways of knowing God with the arguments of the Nyaya School of Indian
Philosophy for the existence of God.

How far is it plausible to argue that the anti-theistic religions' stand on the concept of rebirth is
philosophically significant?

Evaluate the concept of Bhakti(Devotion) as a pathway to attain liberation.

Can you justify religion without God? Support your answer.

Critically evaluate the Buddhistic arguments against the existence of God as the creator of the world.

Can one claim that there is an inter-relatedness between 'religiosity and 'immorality'? Discuss.

Truth is one, yet people perceive differently. Critically evaluate by considering the present Indian context.

Distinguish between Exclusivism, Inclusivism and Pluralism with regard to the conflicting truth-claims of
different religions.
In what sense is the secular use of language different from the religious use of language? Discuss.

Critically examine Braithwaite's non-cognitive theory of religious language.

Explain the significance of religious symbols as transcendent referent that mediates into the cultural, spatial
and temporal world.

In what sense can ideas be both immanent and transcendent? Discuss in this context Plato's theory of
universal and particulars.
Explain Aristotle's theory of form and matter. How does it help him resolve the problem of change and
permanence?

What according to Descartes is a clear and distinct idea? what is the epistemological status of clear and
distinct ideas? Does this account help Descartes prove that material objects exist? Explain.

Show how Hume's analysis experience leaves no ground for belief in any permanent reality either physical
or mental.

How does Locke draw a distinction between primary and secondary qualities? Does he also draw a
distinction between the Idea of primary qualities and primary qualities as well as the Idea of secondary
qualities and secondary qualities? Discuss.
How is 'all bodies are extended' an analytic judgement but 'all bodies are heavy' a synthetic judgement? Is
'every event has a cause' an analytic or a synthetic judgement? Explain.

Elaborate Kant's theory of space and time. How does this theory enable him to explain how mathematical
propositions can be both synthetic and a priori?

Elaborate Hegel's dictum "All identity is identity and difference."

How is the statement 'I met a man', semantically problematic for Russell? How does he account for the
meaningfulness of this statement?
What is Wittgenstein's theory of picture theory of meaning? What are his reasons for giving up his theory
and suggesting the use theory of meaning?

Does the sentence 'whatever is coloured is extended', satisfy the criterion of meaningfulness proposed by
the logical positivists? Explain.

Explain Husserl's reasons for advocating phenomenological reductionism.

Discuss Heidegger's concept of authenticity and explain how an inauthentic Dasein regains the lost self?
What are the two dogmas of empiricism that Quine attacks? What are his arguments against what he calls
the second dogma?

The soul is nothing but conscious body. What are the reasons for Carvaka in holding this view?

The Jaina metaphysics is relativistic and realistic pluralism. Discuss.

Elucidate the role of catuskoti in explaining the nature of reality according to Madhyamika school of
thought.
What are the arguments of the Buddhists to establish Ksanikvada? Do they necessarily lead to krtanasa and
akrtabhyupagam?

How do Madhyamika, yogacaravadins and sarvastivadins differ among themselves in concerning the nature
of reality? How do sarvastivadins differ among themselves with regard to knowledge of reality?

What are the necessary characteristics of padartha according to Vaiesesika philosophy?

Explain the conditions of valid hetu as propounded in Nyaya philosophy.

Explain the early Nyaya definition of perception. Why this definition is considered inadequate by the later
Naiyayikas?

Given the theory of causation, is it possible for Samkhya to explain the presence of consciousness in the
world? Discuss.

What is meant by 'yogacittavrittinirodha'? Explain cittavritti and its effects according to yoga philosophy.

Explain the theory of validity of knowledge(pramanyavada) according to Mimamsa. How do they criticize
the Nyaya theory of validity?
Distinguish between vivartavada and parinamvada with reference to causation and explain how in the light
of these theories Sankara and Ramanuja differ on the status of the world.

Explain Ramanuja's conception of God and examine the difficulties he faced in explaining the relation of
God to matter and spirits.

How does Sri Aurobindo's integral yoga help in the realization of supramental consciousness? Discuss.

Discuss the different aspects of the fundamental distinction between democratic equality and the Marxian
notion of equality.
How far do Marx, Gandhi and Amartya Sen agree and disagree on the concept of justice in the Indian
democracy? Discuss.

Discuss whether Kautilya's concept of sovereignty turns into a despotic rule. How far is it comparable to
Bodin's concept? Discuss.

Out of rights and duties which one is prior to the other? Discuss in the context of accountability.

Discuss whether a blending of monarchy with democracy is conceivable to avoid their undesirable defects
for making the governance better for citizens and state.
Discuss in the context of Anarchy whether the freedom of an individual is consistent with the sovereignty of
the state?

Does Marxism curb individual freedom in the name of protecting social justice? Discuss.

Do you agree with the view that secularism as a western ideal is redundant in the Indian context? Discuss in
the context of the multicultural Indian society.

Can you justify capital punishment for crimes like rape, murder and corruption? Discuss.
Critically evaluate whether the ideal of social progress gives a secondary significance to an individual's
freedom over his duties.

Evaluate the concept of social development as rooted in ethical principles against the concept of social
progress being based on economic and political ideals.

Is empowerment of women a sufficient means to their equal rights to land, property and divorce? Discuss
in the context of religious sanction.

Will a severe punishment for crimes against women change the mindset of society? Justify your position.
Is caste discrimination a result of the superiority complex of a privileged class of the society or of religious
rituals? Discuss with reference to the views of propounded by Dr B. R. Ambedkar.

Critically discuss the relationship of man with God in the Yoga system of philosophy.

What is a non-theological concept of God? How is it different from theological concept of God? Discuss
with arguments.

Compare and contrast the different forms of cosmological arguments for the existence of God.
How do you define a non-theological concept of evil? Explain.

Discuss whether the doctrine of immortality of soul is indispensable for a religion.

Is there an essential difference between the concept of liberation in theological and non-theological
approaches of life? Discuss.

Discuss whether the voluntarist's theories of faith are adequate.

In order to make expressions of religious experiences communicable, what kind of language needs to be
considered and used? Explain.

Is God necessary for religion? Justify your answer.

Does a committed religious person go against social morality? Discuss from moral perspective.

What will be the authority and acceptance of the absolute ethical values in the non-theological system of
social practices? Discuss.
Can a religious person take an elastic view about religious ideals, principles and practices, etc. which are
supposed to be eternal? Will it make religion progressive or will it demolish its authority? Discuss critically.

Does religion guarantee the absolute truth? Discuss in the context of religious pluralism.

Is not the language of analogies more confusing and the language of symbols more unintelligible? Evaluate
in the case of religious language.

Does Plato's 'Theory of Form' explain the 'change' and 'sensibility' of matter? Give reasons for your answer.
Does Aristotle treat matter as a 'Substance'? Give reasons for your answer.

Discuss the various stances on God taken by Rationalists and Empiricists.

What is the logical necessity for Locke to introduce the concept of secondary qualities? Give reasons for
your answer.

Critically examine Hume's views on the relation of cause and effect.

Examine Kant's criticism on Descartes' view of Self.

What, according to Kant, are 'pure concepts'? Examine their role in the process of knowing.

What is Hegel's view on God? Do you think that his interpretation of God was contributive to the colonial
and imperial expansionist designs? Explain.

Why does Wittgenstein reject the possibility of private language?

Explain Russell's view that "the physical object is a logical construction from sense-data". Why does he call
his metaphysical view 'neutral monism'?

Explain verification theory. Does it lead to elimination of metaphysics?

What, according to Husserl, is the task of philosopher? Do you think his methods are relevant to
philosophy?

Discuss Sartre' s notion of 'Nothingness'.

Discuss Quine's attack on the analytic-synthetic distinction.

What would be Carvaka's view on Vyapti? Can this view be acceptable to the Naiyayikas? Give reasons for
your answer.

Is the doctrone of 'Self' acceptable in the modern age of science and reason? Examine the view in the light
of Indian philosophy.

Examine Jaina stance of 'Naya'. How does it differ from 'Syadvada'?

Differentiate the concept of 'Kaivalya' as discussed in Jaina and Yoga philosophies.

Can the 'Tattvartha' theory of Jainism be acceptable for scientific explanations?

How does Ksanikavada strengthen the arguments for 'Nairatmyavada'? Explain.

How do the Naiyayikas justify the introduction of 'Abhava' as an independent category? Explain.
Does the 'Doctrine of Dependent Origination' reconcile the two extreme views on the law of causation,
namely Satkaryavada and Asatkaryavada? Give reasons for your answer.

Critically examine the role of 'Prakriti' in the process of evolution.

What are Klesas? How can these be eliminated? Explain.

What is the logical necessity for the Mimamsas to treat 'Arthapatti' as an independent Pramana? Discuss.
Evaluate Sankara's position on Isvara.

Give a critical exposition of the concept of 'Brahman' as discussed by Sankara, Ramanuja and Madhava.

Discuss Aurobindo's views on 'Evolution' and 'Involution'. How do they differ from traditional Yoga
philosophy?

Is liberty a positive and equal opportunity of self-realization? Discuss.

"Sovereignty is the supreme power over citizens and subjects, unrestrained by law." Discuss.

On what grounds does Laski criticize Austin's concept of sovereignty?

Evaluate the statement that all human beings have certain unalienable rights.

''The right of free speech implies the genuine independence of-the judiciary and its complete separation
from the executive." Evaluate.
Is the State an agency for expressing the will of the ruling classes? Examine.

"Socialism itself is the fulfilment of democracy." Analyse.

Can we consider "freedom from domination" as one of the justifications for multiculturalism? Give reasons
for your answer.

A well-ordered society, according to Rawls, is effectively regulated by a public conception of justice. Do you
agree? Give reasons.
''The goal in punishing should be to reform the individual." Comment.

Is it possible to measure social progress independent of economic development? Discuss.

"To me the female sex is not the weaker sex. It is the nobler of the two." Evaluate this statement of Gandhi.

Do you agree that women become empowered through collective reflection and decision-making? Discuss.
How did Ambedkar analyse· the caste system from the historical and social perspectives? Explain.

Critically discuss the view that 'modern sensibility and total obedience to a despotic God' do not go hand in
hand.

Show how the attributes of immanence and transcendence of God go with omnipresence and infinitude.

Compare and contrast the relation of man to the world in the oriental religions.
"It would be self-contradictory to say that the most perfect conceivable being lacks the attribute of
existence." Analyse.

''The natural world is as complexly and manifestly designed as a watch." Evaluate.

"If God is all-powerful, God must wish to abolish all evils; but moral and natural evils are rampant in the
world." How would a theist react to this?

Buddhism disbelieves in the immortality of soul, but accepts the phenomenon of rebirth. Examine.
Faith means human awareness of God; but it cannot be irrational. Analyse.

The content of revelation is a body of truths expressed in statements or propositions. But it cannot be
against reason. Discuss.

State and evaluate the nature and validity of mystic experience.

"Moral principles function better when they remain independent and unconnected with religion." Discuss.
"World-religion is a spiritualistic and humanistic composite." Evaluate.

Is Religious absolutism a threat to Religious pluralism? Discuss.

Among the different views of religious language, which one is more satisfactory and why?

Aristotle's distinction between 'actuality' and 'potentiality'.

Explain Plato's theory of forms? Does it entail a kind of essentialism? Discuss.

Explain Leibnitz's principle of 'identity of indiscernible'.

Does Descartes cogito principle entail that he is an essentialist? Discuss.

esse est percipi.

Explain Kant's division of categories.

G.E. Moore's refutation of idealism.

What do you understand by incomplete symbols? What role do they play in Russell's theory of meaning?

Bring out the relationship between language games and forms of life.
Husserl's notion of 'bracketing'.

Discuss why Heidegger introduces the concept of Dasein in his metaphysics.

Bring out the relationship between existence and essence in case of human being. Explain the issues it gives
rise to for human beings according to Sartre.

Strawson's distinction between 'M' and 'P' predicates.

Elucidate Quine's arguments to show that analyticity is not synonymity.

Explain the Carvaka arguments of Carvaka to reject transcendental entities.

Jain concept of Dravya.

What do samvara and nirjara mean? Explain their significance in Jaina theory of liberation.
Alayavijnana.

What is the role of Pratityasamutpada in explaining dukkha? Elucidate means to overcome it.

'Our knowledge is confined to gunas only'. Examine this statement in the light of Vaisesika and Buddhist
controversy.

Is anyathakhyativada an adequate explanation of error?

Satkaryavada.

State and examine Samkhya proofs for the existence of Purusa.

What is bondage according to Yoga philosophy? Explain the method of attaining Kaivelya in Patanjali's
Yogasutra.

Elaborate Nyaya-Mimamsa debate on Pramanyavada.

Pancavidhbheda.

Compare and contrast the notion of Brahman in Sankar and Ramanuja.

Sri Aurobindo's Integral Yoga.

Equality does not mean treating everyone equal. Discuss.

Equality will be of no value without fraternity and liberty. Discuss.

Explain Harold Laski's critique of sovereignty.

How are individual and group rights reconciled in democracy? Explain.

Is civil disobedience in a democratic state justifiable? Discuss.

Evaluate the nature o and functions of parliamentary democracy.

Is multiculturalism a need of global society? Discuss.

How is religious nationalism a threat to secular society? Explain.

The aim of punishment is to defend the moral law and to do justice to criminal. Discuss.
Inequitable development leads to social conflicts rather than social progress. Explain.

What does gender discrimination mean? Is not a violation of equality and social justice? Discuss.

Does economic empowerment of women eliminate gender discrimination? Discuss.

Man must grow materially as well as spiritually. Evaluate this statement of Ambedkar.
Evaluate Ambedkar's critique of caste system.

Write a critical note on the attributes of God.

Is existence of God a necessary condition for the survival of religion? Explain.

Examine the ontological and cosmological arguments in favour of existence of God.

Examine the Nyaya arguments in favour of the existence of God.

Is God the cause of natural evil? Explain.

Do you think that evil is a bitter pill which no theist can swallow? Discuss.

Immortality means absence of karma and rebirth. Discuss.

What is liberation? Briefly discuss the ways to attain it as outlined in the system of Vedanta.

Do reason and faith go together? Discuss.

Can revelation be justified by reason? Discuss.

Explain the nature of mysticism Hinduism and Islam.

Is morality necessarily based on religion? Discuss.

An atheist may be better man than a religious person bereft of moral values. Discuss.

How can religious language be verified? Is it correct to say that religious language is verified because it
cannot be falsified? Discuss.

Explain the significance of Aristotle's doctrine of form & matter in his theory of causation.
Discuss between knowledge and belief according to Plato. How is it based on his metaphysics? Explain.

Does Leibnitz's theory of pre-established harmony necessarily lead to determinism? Discuss.

Explain the doctrine of Cartesian Dualism and examine critically arguments in favour of it.

Evaluate critically Hume's criticism of theory of causation.

How are synthetic a priori judgement justifiable according to Kant? Explain.

Are G.E. Moore's arguments in defence of common sense satisfactory. Give reasons.

Why does Wittgenstein disagree Bertrand Russell's interpretation of atomism in the philosophy of
Tractatus? Discuss.

Are empirical statements verifiable? Discuss the limitations of 'verification theory of meaning'.
Bring out the significance of 'Language Games' in Wittgenstein's Use theory of meaning.

Explain the significance of 'bracketing' in Husserl Phenomenology.

State and evaluate Heidegger's claim that temporality is the horizon against which the being of any entity is
understood.

Explain Kierkegaard's concept of choice. How does the concept of choice in meta-ethics differ from
normative ethics? Explain.
How far are Quine's arguments in 'two dogmas of empiricism' justified? Discuss.

Limits of knowledge and world are determined by my sense perception. Discuss this claim of Carvaka.

Explain the concept of Karma and discuss various types of according to Jaina philosophy.

Bring out the epistemological difference between Sautrantika and Vaibhasika school of Buddhism.
How does Nagarjuna explain the concept of sunyata?

Bring out the philosophical implications of introducing extraordinary(aluakik) perception in Nyaya

philosophy.

Are the arguments given in favour of existence of Prakriti adequate in Samkhya's philosophy? Discuss.

Examine the Samkhya view about liberation that " self is neither bound nor liberates, nor transmigrate."
How is theory of causation central to the theory of reality in classical Indian tradition.? Discuss.

Explain the nature and levels of samprajnata Samadhi. How does each level lead more towards to
asamprajnata Samadhi?

Can Arthapatti(postulation) be reduced to Anumana(inference)? Discuss it from Mimamsa point of view.

How is an absence of an object known according to Naiyayikas and Mimamsakas? Discuss.

Bring out the significance of the concept of Adhyasa in Sankara's philosophy to develop his metaphysics.

How does nature of Brahman differ in the philosophy of Shankar, Ramanuja and Madhva? Discuss critically.

How is Sri Aurobindo's integral yoga an advancement over Patanjali’s yoga? Discuss.

Discuss Amartya Sen's principle of Niti as critique of Nyaya.

Explain the significance of John Austin's theory of sovereignty. How does it differ from that of Hobbes?

All human rights are centered on individual rights. Discuss.

In what sense is democracy better form of government than theocracy?

How does multiculturalism redefine liberal notions like identity, freedom and equality and reformulate its
assumptions?
How do we distinguish liberal humanism and Marxist humanism?

Explain descriptive and normative perspectives on multiculturalism.

Can we say that racial supremacy is the main reason for genocide? Give reasons for your answer.

Analyse the statement with reasons that "Power corrupts, absolute power corrupts absolutely".
Which theory of punishment retributive or restorative, do you recommend and why?

By eliminating alienation can we bring social progress?

One is not born woman, but she becomes a woman. Critically comment on it.

If caste discrimination has any continuity and hierarchy which principle of justice can dissolve this problem?
What are the basic differences between Gandhi and Ambedkar regarding caste discrimination?

Elucidate the status of man in the realm of between immanence and transcendence.

Discuss the ontological argument for the existence of God, and show its merits and demerits.

Can it self-contradictory to accept the idea of God but deny the existence of God?
Is evil reconcilable with the benevolent God?

How do you justify rebirth with or without the soul?

What are the arguments given in favour of immortality of soul?

Compare and contrast the concept of liberation according to 'Advait' and 'Visishtadvait'.
Can reason be used to justify faith?

Discuss the conflicting nature of religious experience with special reference to Buddhism and Jainism.

How far can religious morality incorporate individual freedom?

Can pluralist perspective vindicate Absolute Truth?

If God is regarded as 'one', will it give rise to religious conflicts?

On what grounds, dichotomy between 'is' and 'ought' can either be justified or rejected?

How do you formulate religious language as non-cognitive?

Discuss how by refuting different concepts of Substances Aristotle establishes his own theory of a
Substance?

Explain Plato's ontological theory of Forms. Is knowledge one of the Forms? Explain.

Write a short critical essay on Spinoza's conception of freedom of an individual.

Explain Descartes’s method of doubt. Can this method be used to justify his belief in the existence of God?
Argue your case.

Give a critical account of Leibnitz's principle of the identity of indiscernibles.

Give a critical account of Hume's theory of self.

What is Antinomy? Describe the major antinomies discussed by Kant.

Explain Kant's view of causality. How far is Kant able to answer Hume's objection that causal relation lacks
logical necessity.

Comment: 'Movement is contradiction itself' Examine in this context Hegel's dialectical method.

Distinguish between atomic and general proposition. Show how they are justified true.

Comment: "Moore's defence of common sense essentially is defence of common language".

Distinguish necessary from empirical proposition. How is necessary proposition is justified? Explain.

Explain Wittgenstein's arguments against the possibility of private language.

Examine Sartre's distinction between Being-for-itself and Being-in-itself.

Analyse Kierkegaard's concept of choice. Can there be, in his view, correct or incorrect choice? Discuss.

Explain and evaluate Strawson's arguments for his conception of the nature of Person.

Analyse the relation between the theory of Saptabhanginaya and Anekantvada.

Explain the Buddhist notion of 'Impermanence' and show how the idea of Impermanence leads to theory of
momentariness of reality.
Comment: 'Accepting Shunyavada makes one indifferent to the pursuit of dharma'. Examine in this context,
Nagarjuna's arguments for Shunyavada.

What is Samavaya? What are the grounds for accepting samavaya as distinct padartha?

Analyse the Nyaya concept of vyapti and examine its relation with tark.

Examine Nyaya-Vaisesika's arguments for the existence of jivatma(soul).

Explain the possibility of jivanmukti. Critically compare it with the Yoga account of kaivelya.
Evaluate relation 'if any' between prakriti and purusha.
Give a critical account of the accept of cittavritti in Yoga philosophy.
How is the pramanya(validity/truth) of a statement determined? Examine in this context the theory of
paratah pramanyavada.
Evaluate Prabhakar Mimamsaka's arguments for accepting shruti as Pramana.

Describe the five types of differences(Panchvidbheda). Bring out their philosophical significance for
Madhva's theory.

How can Isvara(God) be distinguished from Brahman(Absolute)? Which of the two concepts are
philosophically better?

Distinguish between svarup lakshan and tatastha lakshan of Brahman after Sankara.

Evaluate Ramanuja's critique of Sankara's theory of maya.

Explain Sri Aurobindo's conception of cosmic salvation through spiritual salvation of individual.
Explain evaluate Aristotle's concept of justice.
What is meant by 'justice' as fairness? Explain the basic tenets of Rawls' theory of justice.
How is Amartya Sen's approach to justice is different from that of Rawls?
What is the significance of including duties of citizens in the Indian constitution?

Does the combination of democracy and socialism lead to a more equitable society?

What is meant by democracy? What are various forms of democratic governments?

Is a democratic government able to represent the interest of minority groups?

Is a democratic government better than a benevolent dictatorship? Give reasons for your answer.
Does the idea of equal respect to all religion provide a viable and consistent state policy?

Does corruption have not only a moral dimension but also an economic dimension?

What do you understand by 'gender equality' and why is it important?

Is economic independence essential for equality between men and women?

Why is adequate representation of women in political institution important in this context?

Is there any impact of caste discrimination on democracy in Indian context?

Is god indispensable for religion?

State and elucidate cosmological argument for the existence of god in Western and Indian philosophy.

Discuss two main objections against this argument. Are theist able to answer these satisfactorily.

Critically evaluate three main objections against the argument from design for the existence of god.
Do theist succeed in explaining the natural evil in the world as a necessary counterpart to good?

Is there anything else other than human efforts which may be conducive to attainment of liberation?
Is religious faith opposed to reason?

What is the nature of mystical experience?

Is mystical experience open to different interpretations?

Can mystical experience be regarded as valid source of knowledge?

Is religious morality consistent with individual freedom?

What is meant by saying that religious is non-cognitive?

Can religious language be said to be verifiable?

Do cognitivist provide cogent answer to the objection based on falsifiability?

Discuss Aristotle's metaphysical theory as a polemic against Plato's theory of ideas.

How does Descartes' 'cogito ergo sum' affect Hume and Kant's transcendental philosophy? Explain.

Does Monadology sufficiently explain the nature of Substance? Are monads independent of each other?
Explain.

Does Leibnitz succeed in combining the mechanical with the teleological view of the world? Explain his
theory of Pre- Established Harmony.

If 'Every determination is negation' then how can Substance have attributes? Explain.

John Locke said that "No man's knowledge can go beyond his experience". Discuss critically the implications
of this statement.

Critically examine John Locke's categorization of primary and secondary qualities and explain the problem it
posed for later empiricist.

If 'to be is to be perceived' then how does Berkeley explain the permanence of things?

Was Hume skeptic? If not, then what is his contribution to philosophy?

Why Kant's philosophy known as Copernicus revolution in metaphysics? What was revolutionary about
Kantian philosophy? Give reasons for it.
Explain Hegelian dialectical method and show how it is useful in explaining the historical development
process?

Explain the theory of definite descriptions according to Russell.

'Logical Positivism broadly claims that metaphysics and theology are meaningless because they are neither
matters of logic nor verifiable empirically.' Critically examine.
According to Wittgenstein 'Philosophy is a battle against bewitchment of our intelligence by means of
language'. Explain the function of philosophy in the above context.

Soren Kierkegaard clarified that "The function of prayers is not to influence God but rather to change the
nature of one who prays." Comment on this statement.

Elucidate Existentialism and indicate its strong and weak points in your own words.
Explain critically Quine's rejection of the analytic synthetic distinction and his subsequent philosophical
arguments.

Why do Carvaka do not believe in the validity of inference? What logic do they give for their belief?

On what basis does Carvaka reject the cause-effect relationship?

Critically evaluate Jaina doctrine of relative pluralism or Anekantvada?

Do you agree with the view that in early Buddhism more importance was given to Four Noble Truths than
to systematic metaphysics? Give reasons for your agreement or disagreement?
Examine critically the statement that the doctrine of 'paticcasamuppada was given only to explain the
problem of sorrow and not to solve the problems of metaphysics.'
Explain the theory of illusion accepted by Buddhist. Is it consistent with their philosophy? Give reasons for
your answer.

Write a note on Nagarjuna's contribution Madhyamica School of Buddhism.

How Samkhya theory of causation is different from that of Nyaya theory of causation? Explain.
Critically evaluate the statement that 'Yoga sutra emphasis more on praxis(action) than on
theory(reflection)".

Give your critical comments on the assertion that Yoga school broadly accepts Samkhya ontology.
Why does Mimamsa give utmost importance to SHABDA-PRAMANA the verbal testimony? Is it anything to
do with Vedas? Give your comments.
Discuss the views of Mimamsa and Nyaya on the theory of Pramanyavada. Which of them do find
adequate? Give reasons for your answer.

Do you agree with Ramanuja's view that the nature of Brahman is qualified? Give reasons.

Write a note on Shankara's Vivartavada and discuss its implications.

Explain why avidya and maya are considered anirvachniya(indescribable) in advait vada?

Explain the notion of ego or ahankara and its role in the doctrine of Vedanta.
'Involution is the precondition of Evolution'. Explain the role of involution in the world process.

Who amongst Austin, Bodin and Laski is the most consistent in his analysis of the concept of sovereignty?
Can we dissociate rights of citizens from their duties?

Democracy, committed to treating everybody equally, is ineffective as a system of government.

Political ideology of Anarchism.
Secularism in Indian context is not a rejection of religion but fellowship of religions. Discuss.
In what ways is humanism different Marxism? Discuss.
What is multiculturalism? Can it be impediment for development and progress? Discuss.

What can be the causes of mass violence? can mass violence be justified on moral ground? Discuss.

Woman empowerment and social justice.

Is there any necessary connection between social progress and protection against female foeticide?
Discuss.
Denial of access and inheritance of land and property to women is denial of their fundamental as human.
Discuss.
What were Gandhi's views on varna and jati? Critically discuss Ambedkar's disagreement with Gandhi's
treatment of varna.

Explain the distinction between deism and theism.

Can God's existence be proved with cogent and convincing rational arguments?
God permitted suffering to discipline the human being.
Are rebirth and liberation analogous concepts? Explain.
Is the idea of immortality of soul utopian or it is realizable? Discuss.
The concept of revelation is essentially opposed to religious pluralism. Do you agree? Give reasons for your
answer.

What is the object of religious experience? Is it empirical or trans-empirical? Explain in detail.

If God does not exist then why one should one be moral all the time? Discuss.
I can be moral without being religious, but I cannot be religious without being moral. Do you agree? Give
reasons for your answer.
Can the notion of absolute truth be justified on rational grounds?
Do the concept of Ishvara and Brahman signify the same reality in Advait Vedanta?

Analyse Paul Tillich's statement that " symbolic language alone is able to express the ultimate."

Discuss the cognitivist account of the nature of religious language.

How does Plato relate the world of ideas to the empirical world? Discuss.
Why does Descartes not doubt the existence of God? Explain.

Is the concept of freedom consistent with the theory of determinism of Spinoza? Support your answer with
arguments.

What, according to Empiricists is the concept of Substance? Discuss.

Hume aroused me from my dogmatic slumber. In what context Kant has made this statement? Explain.

What is Russell's idea of 'Incomplete symbols' in his theory of description? Discuss.

Are the arguments given by G.E. Moore against Idealism adequate? Give reasons for your answer.

Discuss the limitations of verification theory.

Meaning of the word lies in its use. Explain in detail.

What, according to Husserl is Intentionality? Discuss its role in arriving at the meaning of object.

I am responsible for myself and for everyone else. Discuss this statement in the light of Sartre's
existentialism.

Why do Carvaka reject the concept of Akasa. Discuss.

What according to Jainism is Path to Liberation? Discuss.

Why is Saptabhangi Naya not treated as a doctrine of Scepticism? Discuss.

Is Sunyavada a philosophical doctrine? Evaluate.

What is the importance of the Buddhist concept of 'Nama-Rupa' in the exposition of the Doctrine of
Dependent Origination?

Is the concept of Nirvana a logical necessity for the Buddhists? Give reasons for your answer.

Do you find any inadequacy in the proofs for the existence of God as given by Naiyayikas? Give reasons in
support of your answer.
Why do the Vaisesikas treat Abhava as an independent category? Explain.
Examine Samkhya’s arguments for Bahupurusavada(Plurality of Purusa).
Yoga is more than a psycho-physical exercise. Analyse this statement and support your conclusion with
arguments.
How do Mimamsakas defend Svatah Pramanyavada against the Naiyayika criticism? Discuss.
The Fundamental idea of the conception of justice is fairness. Discuss.

Can issue relating to gender discrimination be me by the conception of justice as fairness? Discuss.
Which principle of justice can, in your view, be most helpful in addressing the issues related to caste
discrimination and why?
Compare and contrast Kautilya's Saptanga Theory of the Sovereign State with Bodin's theory of
Sovereignty.
Can citizens have rights without duties? Discuss with examples.
Discuss Kant's distinction between duties of perfect and imperfect obligation.
Can the conception of 'rights' of citizens be sustained in a society characterized by caste discrimination?
Discuss.
In a Democracy does a citizen ever have the moral right to break a law? Discuss citizens right to civil
disobedience.
What are the basic differences between Marxism and Socialism?
Can it be said that Socialism is a weaker version of Marxism? Discuss.
Is Democratic Socialism a contradiction in terms? Discuss.

The Term 'multi-culturalism' has been used in both a descriptive and a normative sense. Discuss.

Can capital punishment be justified? Answer with reference to the theories of punishment.

Discuss the salient features of traditional orthodox religion.

Religion is not just false, it is harmful. Discuss.

Why is a proof for the existence of God necessary for the growth of a religion? Discuss.
Is a belief in the immortality of the soul a necessary precondition for religion? Discuss.

Is a belief in rebirth and reincarnation possible without a belief in the immortality of the soul? Discuss.
Can Buddhism, because of its doctrine of 'anatta', be regarded as a religion or not? Discuss.
Examine the view that the foundation of morality is possible only in a religious framework.
Explain the notion of truth as "Ekam Sat Viprah Bahudha Vadanti"(Truth is one, the learned interpret it
differently).
Does the notion of absolute truth give rise to intolerance and religious conflicts? Discuss.
How can religious conflicts about truth be resolved? Discuss.

Is William James right in holding that religious disputes are like conflicts in aesthetic appreciation? Discuss.
Are religious doctrines and debates verifiable? Discuss.

Examine the view that, religious doctrines are not 'quasi- scientific' doctrines but represent a form of life.
How does Aristotle's notion of causation defer from the modern notion of causation?

Why does Spinoza think that God alone is absolutely real? Explain.

Does Hume deny the possibility of knowledge? Discuss.

What metaphysical implications can be derived from Berkeley's statement "Esse Est Percipi".

Why does Kant say that existence is not a predicate?

What is the basic difference between Leibniz and Kant on the concept of space and time?

What does Moore want to establish when he asserts that propositions like "Earth exists or we have
consciousness" are truism? Discuss.

Are necessary propositions linguistic by nature? Discuss in the light of logical positivism.

Are tautologies meaning according to Wittgenstein?

How is the empirical ego and Heidegger different from the transcendent ego in Husserl?

Is Strawson's concept of person a refutation of Hume's concept of self? Discuss.

Just as the skepticism of Hume helped Kant to come out of his dogmatic slumber, so also the Carvaka
philosophy saved Indian philosophy from dogmatism. Discuss.

Is Saydvada a self-contradictory doctrine? Discuss.

How does the Buddhist accept the possibility of rebirth in the absence of an eternal soul? Discuss.

Bring out the metaphysical implication of the second noble truth of the Buddhism.

Can qualities exist without substance? Substantiate your views in the light of Nyaya-Buddhism controversy?

Explain the reason for introducing the notion of extraordinary perception in nyaya-epistemology.
Does the effect pre-exist in the cause? Discuss.
Is Shankar’s concept of Adhyasa logical or psychological? Discuss.

How is Ramanuja's concept of dharmabhutajnana different from Shankar’s concept of swarupajnana?

Explain.

Both Shankar and Ramanuja are right in their affirmation, but wrong in their denial. Critically evaluate.
How are evolution and involution related in Sri Aurobindo's philosophy?
Discuss the nature of relationship between liberty and equality.
Why did Kautilya think that sovereignty is hierarchical? Explain.
Does Bodin's theory of sovereignty float in the air? Critically examine.
Does accountability necessarily contribute to moral perfection? Offer your views.
Which type of individual according to you can contribute more to strengthen the state - a liberalist or a
socialist?
Is majority rule meaningfully reflected in present-day democratic governments? Substantiate your answer
with suitable examples?
Which type of socialism, according to you, is superior - utopian or democratic? Why?
If capital punishment is legally awarded, then no ethic- politico consideration should subvert it. Express
your opinion for or against.
List the various sanctions permitting genocide and clearly bring out the ethical counter-arguments against
it.
Is social progress possible without humanism? Examine.

Does the right to property bring economic disparity and threat human fraternity? Discuss.
Can only the political empowerment of women wipe out gender discrimination in a male-dominated Indian
society?

Caste is not a sin, but caste-discrimination is. As a concerned citizen, comment critically on this statement.

Is contingent argument for the existence of God anything more than a logical exercise? Discuss.

If each and every argument has to take that its premises are true, would the causal argument for the
existence of God as the first cause be different from assuming that it is true? Argue in favour of your
position.
Human mind is such that it naturally observes order in nature. Given this can one use arguments from
design for the existence of God? Discuss.

The problem of evil arises when we attribute infinite knowledge, power and goodness to God
acknowledging the fact of innocent persons' suffering. One cannot be mistaken about one's own
experience and suffering is an experience. Hence, God cannot have at least one of the three attributes;
infinite knowledge, power and goodness. Evaluate this argument.
What sort of criteria can one provide for identifying rebirth as opposed to birth? Discuss.
Why is grace of God needed for liberation? Discuss with an example.
Distinguish between Indian concept of jivatma and Plato's concept of soul.
If ignorance is the cause of suffering, knowledge should remove suffering. What is the notion of knowledge
which a liberated person acquires? Discuss.
If religious experience is unique, what makes it an experience? How is this experience logically different
from the experience of loneliness, happiness, etc.?
What is the central concept in a religion without God? Discuss.

If morality has to follow from religion, can there a rational justification for moral actions? Discuss.

The fact that different religions originated at different places and in different centuries prove that plurality
of religion is a fact. How correct would it be to say that all religions are essentially the same? Discuss.
Religious language is dependent on natural language for an analogy and a symbol of work. Why not treat
religious language as a specialized language like telegraphic language? Discuss.

Comment on - Plato's analogy of the cave and its significance in his theory of knowledge.

Interactionism in the philosophical context. Short note.

Compare the views of Leibnitz and Hume on the concept of substance.

Compare the views of Spinoza and Sartre on Freedom.

To be is to be perceived. Discuss.

Compare the view of Leibnitz and Hume on the concept of substance.

Comment on Kant's objections against the ontological argument for the existence of God.
The rational is real and the real is rational. Short note.

Examine how Ayer eliminates metaphysics.

Existence precedes essence. Comment.

Compare the views of Spinoza and Sartre on Freedom.

What are Quine's objections with regards to the verification theory of meaning?

Anekantavada. Short Notes.

Hetvabhasa according to Nyaya.

Compare the viewpoints of Nyaya, Vaisesika, Mimansa and Buddhism on the issue of knowledge of abhava.

Compare Aristotle's view regarding causation with that of the Samkhya School's view of Causation.
Compare Patanjali's Yoga with integral Yoga expounded by Aurobindo, bringing out clearly points of
similarity and dissimilarity.
Comment on the relationship between equality and freedom.
Compare Bodin's and Austin's views on sovereignty.
Rights and duties are complementary. Explain.

Define monarchy. Is it ethically justified?

Is theocracy an outdated ideology? Discuss.

Is secularism analogous to atheism? Examine in Indian context.
You are not punished for stealing the sheep, but you are punished so that no sheep is stolen. Discuss as to
which theory of punishment this statement belongs.

Is capital punishment in your view ethically justified?

Examine the land and property rights of women in India. How far do they contribute to empower women?

To be man is to strive to be God. Discuss.

Critically examine the causal argument as a proof for the existence of God.

Analyse the teleological argument as a proof for the existence of God.

If evil and sufferings are the real experiences of individual self, what role do they play in realising self-
transcendence?
Explain why man has a desire for immortality.

Explain the nature of religious experience. Can this experience be validated?

There are no whole truths, all truths are half-truths. It is trying to treat them as whole truth that plays the
devil. Discuss.
Can the God of religion be identified with the absolute of philosophy?

Is religious language symbolic? Discuss.

Aristotle's teleological conception of causation. Short Note.

Explain Leibnitz's notion of monad. Can monad be regarded as a basic particular in the Strawson Ian sense?

Hume and Kant on metaphysics. Short notes.

Hume and Kant on Metaphysics. Short Notes.

Explain the theory of logical construction. Does it provide a satisfactory account of knowledge?

Wittgenstein's notion of language-game.

What is the notion of transcendental ego according to Husserl? How is it different from Sartre's notion of
the ego?

Heidegger's contention that essence of "Dasein is its existence". Short notes.

An examination of Buddhist Nairatmyavada. Short notes.

The Madhyamika philosophy tries to adopt the mean between extreme affirmation and extreme negation.
Comment.

Samanya in Vaisesika. Short notes.

Discuss critically Nyaya notion of Vyapti.

Anupalabdhi as a Pramana. Short Notes.

Explain Sankara's view on the status of Jagat and Ramanuja's response to it.
Sri Aurobindo's conception of evolution and involution.
Justice is treating equals as equals and unequals as unequals.
Critically examine Kautilya's saptang theory of sovereign state.
Do rights necessarily imply corresponding obligations? To whom does one primarily own obligation -
individuals or state? Discuss.

Democratic government claims to be promoting the principles of political philosophy of democracy.

Is multiculturalism a boon or a bane? Discuss.

Punishment rules all creatures, punishment preserves them all.

Discuss the impact of caste-discrimination - affirmative or otherwise on the harmony of the society as a
whole.

Can deism be satisfactory theory in the context of God of grace and devotion? Discuss.

Comment on the statement - "Religion only promised, but never fulfilled the promise."

Different versions of ontological arguments and Kant's critique of these arguments. Critical note.
How can a theist resolve the problem of evil? Does evil not tell upon omnipotence and omniscience of
God? Can God be thought of as imperfect and powerless in this regard? Discuss critically for and against the
two possible opposite views and justify your own position.
Possibility of rational understanding of immortality and liberation. Critical notes.
Discuss the role of reason, revelation and faith in the sphere of religion. Are they compatible? If not, how to
resolve their apparent inconsistency?
Proprietary of religion without morality. Critical notes.
In a pluralistic society, how can religious pluralism be practised? Point out distinction among (a)
sarvadharmasamanvaya (b) sarvadharmasambhava (c) sarvadharmasadbhava.

Plato's recollection theory of knowledge. Short Notes.

State and discuss Locke's views on Substance.

Nature of synthetic a-priory judgment according to Kant. Short Notes.

Hegel's Dialectical method. Short Notes.

State and discuss Russell's analysis of Definite Descriptions.

Elimination of metaphysics at the hands Logical Positivists. Short Notes.

State and discuss Strawson's theory of Person.

Carvaka's views on the nature of soul. Short Notes.

Nature of Pudgala in Jaina philosophy. Short Notes.

Four Arya Satya(Noble Truths) according to Buddhism. Short Notes.

Explain fully Nyaya's Asatkaryavada.

Explain the Samkhya doctrine of three gunas.

State and explain the difference between Saguna and Nirguna Brahman.
Free market economy is the only way to attain social justice.
Negative freedom can perhaps ensure freedom to choose, but without any credible assurance for its actual
fulfilment.

According to some liberal political thinkers, social and economic inequalities can be justified only if they
work to the advantage of the least advantaged members of the society. Is this view consistent with the
liberalism's cardinal advocacy of individual freedom? Discuss.
Critically examine - democracy that gives equal weight to everyone's opinion is inefficient in determining
the right or wrong thing to do.
Critically examine - 'Acceptance of the authority of the state is inconsistent with the highest duty of
mankind, "the duty to act autonomously"' by Robert Paul Wolff.

Describe your understanding of socialism. Must it be defined in normative terms of a set of values and
ideals which socialists seek to realize, or in descriptive terms of the specific economic and political
institutions of socialist society? Can the tension between the two be adequately resolved? Discuss.
Consider why punishment is generally thought to require justification. In this context, give your critical and
comparative account of the main theories of punishment.

God is not the subject to the law of logic. Critical notes.

Traditionally omnipotence has been seen as one of the attributes of God. But, according to some critic, the
notion of omnipotent being is paradoxical. In response some theist has tried to resolve the alleged paradox.
Describe the paradox and explain the attempt to resolve it.

State and evaluate the cosmological argument for the existence of God. What are its two forms? What is
the difference between a dependent being and self-existent being? Why is the self-existent being Theo-
centric? Can the nature itself be conceived as self-existent being? Discuss.
God permitted evil to exist in order to bring about greater good, Adam's fall was Felix culpa(happy sin). -
Leibnitz. Critical notes.
Without some conception of immortality, religion has no meaning. Critically examine.
Explain the doctrine of the law of karma. Is it compatible with the freedom of will? Discuss.

The difference between numinous and mystical experience. Critical notes.

Discuss the 'theory of matter' according to Aristotle. Short Notes.

Discuss Descartes’s Dualism.

Explain Spinoza's theory of Substance.

Explain the theory of knowledge according to Locke. Short Notes.

Discuss Hume's Scepticism.

Explain Kant's criticism of the proofs for the existence of God. Short Notes.
Critically discuss the Hegel's Dialectical method. Short Notes.

Discuss the theory of knowledge, according to Charvaka Philosophy. Notes.

Explain the theory of Substance according to Jainism. Short Notes.

Discuss Pratityasamutpada in Buddhism. Short Notes.

Explain Nyaya theory of Pramanas.

Critically discuss the Samkhya theory of Causation.

Examine Shankara's Mayavada. Short Notes.

Discuss the Metaphysics of Acharya Ramanuja.

Explain the notion of sovereignty. Critically consider in this context the claim that sovereignty is illimitable
and logically indivisible.
Critically examine - "The conception of a good political order rests upon an objectively true account of
human nature."
Critically examine - democracy which treats everybody's opinion equally is inefficient in determining the
right thing to do.
Critically examine - 'Acceptance of the authority of the state is inconsistent with the highest duty of
mankind, "the duty to act autonomously"' by Robert Paul Wolff.

Describe your understanding of socialism. Must it be defined in normative terms of a set of values and
ideals which socialists seek to realize, or in descriptive terms of the specific economic and political
institutions of socialist society? Can the tension between the two be adequately resolved? Discuss.
Critically examine - "Christian humanism is a contradiction in terms."

Describe the tension between consequentialist and retributivist theory of punishments. Discuss critically in
this context the view that argues that since no existing penal system for crime- prevention has adequate
justification, state punishment cannot be justified; and therefore, it should be completely abolished.

The difference between impersonalistic and naturalistic conception of God. Critical notes.

Traditionally omnipotence has been seen as one of the attributes of God. But, according to some critic, the
notion of omnipotent being is paradoxical. In response some theist has tried to resolve the alleged paradox.
Describe the paradox and explain the attempt to resolve it.

State and evaluate the cosmological argument for the existence of God. What are its two forms? What is
the difference between a dependent being and self-existent being? Why is the self-existent being Theo-
centric? Can the nature itself be conceived as self-existent being? Discuss.
Without some conception of immortality, religion has no meaning. Critically examine.
Explain the doctrine of the law of karma. Is it compatible with the freedom of will? Discuss.
Religious faith consists of a set of profoundly unfalsifiable assumptions that govern all of a person's other
beliefs. by R. M. Hare. Critical notes.
Explain the notion of revelation. Does revelation stand in need of confirmation? Discuss and also explain
the difference or similarity between revelation and shruti.

The difference between numinous and mystical experience. Critical notes.

Distinguish between religious and secular ethics. Discuss in this context the view that holds that secular
ethics are superior to religious ethics because religious ethics are essentially based on rules without
decisive regard for consequences whereas secular ethics as their best aim at producing the best over-all
consequences.

Distinction between opinion and knowledge. Short Notes.

Mind and Body as two interacting substances. Short notes.

Spinoza's conception of the Ultimate Substance. Short Notes.

How does Kant respond to Hume's scepticism?

State and discuss the logical positivist's attempts to eliminate metaphysics.

What is 'Epoche'? Bring out its significance for Husserl's conception of rigorous science.

Quine's criticism of analytic-synthetic distinction. Short Notes.

Jaina Definition of Dravya. Short Notes.

State and discuss the Buddhist notion of Sunyata.

Nature and kinds of Pratyaksha according to Nyaya. Short Notes.

State and discuss the nature and kinds of Dravyas according to Vaisesikas.
Samkhya conception of Purusha. Short notes.

The nature of Brahman, Jiva and Jagat according Madhava. Short Notes.

Elucidate Shankara's conception of Adhyasa.

Critically examine - "State is the actuality of concrete freedom".

Political democracy is hollow unless accompanied with power in the area of economics.
What is humanism? What are its different kinds? In what way if any is M. N. Roy's radical humanism
different from Marxism? Discuss.
What do you understand by progress? Have human beings made progress in all fields of their activity?
Discuss.
Critically examine - "sex is the biological category whereas gender is a culturally shaped expression of
sexual difference."

God is the first reason of things. Critical notes.

If God exists only in someone's mind, the greatest conceivable being is not after all the greatest conceivable
being. Critical notes.
The problem of evil is the problem of reconciling the imperfect world with the goodness of God. Critical
notes.
Without some conception of immortality, religion has no meaning. Critically examine.

Is Christian doctrine of the immortality of soul compatible with the Gita's doctrine of atman? Discuss.
What do you understand by liberation? Is it possible for one to be liberated in this very life? If it is, what are
the characteristics of a liberated person? Discuss.
Mysticism is the power of spiritual access to domains of knowledge closed off to ordinary thought. Critical
notes.
Can atheism be a religion? Discuss.

State and discuss Plato's theory of forms.

'I think, therefore I am.' Short Notes.

Hume's views on Induction. Short Notes.

The significance of Kant's distinction between phenomena and noumena. Notes.

Distinction between 'saying' and 'showing'. Short Notes.

Critically discuss Moore's Refutation of Idealism.

Discuss Sartre's conception of freedom.

Dehatmavada of Carvakas. Short Notes.

State and discuss the Jaina Doctrine of Jiva.

Nature and kinds of Nirvana. Short Notes.

State and discuss the Buddhist notion of momentariness.

Nature and kind of anumanas according to Nyaya. Short Notes.

Madhava's conception of moksha. Notes.

Why is Ramanuja's philosophy called Visistadvaita? Discuss fully.

Critically examine - "Unless the ideal of equality is embedded within a broader theory of politics and
society, it can be given no specific content."
Despite their self-proclaimed commitment to the ideal of individual of freedom, this ideal is one of the
most contentious issues between socialism and liberalism. Why? Discuss.

Critically examine - The concept of democracy is an essentially contested concept.

Discuss the notion of punishment. Consider in this context the importance and implications of the principle
of proportionality of punishment which requires that severity of punishment be proportionate to the
seriousness of the crime.
Man's ultimate concern must be expressed symbolically because symbolic language alone is able to express
the ultimate. - Paul Tillich. Critical notes.
'A universal exists only in the particular'. Discuss in this connection Aristotle's notion of universal and the
idea of substance that follows it.

To be is to be perceived. Short Notes.

How is synthetic a priori judgment possible? Short Notes.

What is Russel's Logical atomism? Bring out in this connection the conception or metaphysics involved in it.

Discuss Husserl's conception of philosophy as rigorous science.

Existence precedes essence. Short Notes.

Strawson's notion of person as primitive. Notes.

Charvak's refutation of anumana is itself a process of anumana. Discuss.

Expound anekantvada of Jainism. It is a consistent theory of reality? Give reasons.

Ksanikavada of Buddhism. Short Notes.

The Nyaya-Vaiesesika view of Samanya. Short Notes.
The Samkhya doctrine of liberation. Short Notes.

Ramanuja criticism of Advaita concept of maya. Short Notes.

Describe Sankara's explanation of Jiva. Is the justification offered rational? Explain.

Critically examine - "Freedom from" and "Freedom to" are mutually exclusive.
Critically examine - "Freedom as liberation from samsara."

Critically examine - "Retributive and deterrent theories of punishment are mutually complementary."

'While Plato's metaphysics is a visionary one, Aristotle's metaphysics is a descriptive one.' Explain fully
giving the essential differences between the views of the two thinkers regarding the nature of reality.

State and critically examine Spinoza's doctrine of the identity of the Substance, God and nature.

Hume's Phenomenalism. Short Notes.

'Kant's "Critical Philosophy" is a reconciliation between Rationalism and Empiricism.' Elucidate the remark
fully and bring out the consequence of such a reconciliation for the possibility of traditional metaphysics.
Hegel's Dialectical Method. Short notes.

Moore's Defense of Common-Sense. Short Notes.

Quine's attack on Analytic-Synthetic Distinction. Short Notes.

State and evaluate critically Carvaka's view that perception is the only valid source of knowledge.

Buddhistic doctrine of Pratitya-samutpada. Short Notes.

Nyaya view of Self. Short Notes.

Samkhya theory of Evolution of Prakriti. Short Notes.
What is Svatahprmanyavada according in Mimansakas? Is their explanation of error consistent with it?
Discuss fully.

Ramanuja's refutation of Mayavada. Short Notes.

Critically examine - "The concept of equality as a political ideal."

What is meant by justice? What are the necessary and sufficient conditions for its availability? Discuss.
Do you think that democracy is the best form of government? Is there any scope of "beyond democracy"?
In this context, analyse the notion of meritocracy.

Critically examine - "Gender equality: meaning and need."

Impersonalistic conception of God.

Ontological proof for the existence of God. Critical notes.

Advaita Vedanta theory of jivanmukti. Critical notes.
What is meant by immortality of soul? Analyse the argument of the Bhagvad Gita in this regard.
Religion without God. Critical notes.
Religion without morality is empty and morality without religion is blind. Do you agree with this
contention? Give reasons in support of your view.

The Charvak theory of consciousness. Short Notes.

Relation between anekantvada and Saptabhanginaya. Notes.

Nagarjuna's defense of Sunya-vada. Notes.

Evaluate the Nyaya-Vaisesika theory of the nature of Vyapti.

Evaluate the Samkhya justification for their theory of Purusa.
Kumarila Bhatta's explanation of perceptual error. Notes.

Evaluate Sankara's analysis of moksha in the light of Ramanuja's arguments.

Consider the following argument - "Justice means getting what one deserves. A person who contributes
more to society deserves more than a person who contributes less to society. The only fair way to
determine how much a person has contributed to society is to let people as a whole decide through free
market. Therefore, free market is the only way to attain justice." Would you agree with above point of
view? Defend your answer.
Some thinkers distinguish between two mutually irreducible senses of freedom, namely negative freedom
and positive freedom. Explain and critically consider the distinction.

Critically examine - "The idea of democracy is paradoxical."

Critically examine - "The cause of gender inequality is entirely biological."

Is there any element of necessity in causal relations according to Hume? Discuss.

How does Kant argue for the transcendence of Space and Time? Discuss.
Why is Moore's philosophy called common-sense realism?

Show how Wittgenstein's Critique of solipsism culminates in the critique of private-language.

How does Sartre look at the problem of freedom of choice and determinism? Explain,

Is Dasein authentic existence for Heidegger? How does he relate temporality with Dasein? Discuss/

Are the Carvakas consistent when they hold that inference is not a source of knowledge? Discuss.
What is wrong according to the Carvakas with the following argument? "All men are mortal. Socrates is a
man. Therefore, Socrates is mortal." Justify your answer with arguments.
How is reality defined by Jainas? How is this theory of reality reflected in their view on judgements?
Discuss.

How do the Yogacara Buddhists deny the existence of the external world? Discuss.
What is Pratityasamutpada? How do the Buddhists apply this concept to prove that everything is
momentary?

Justify the status of Abhava as a category in Vaisesika philosophy.

What is the role of Jnanalaksana-pratyaksa in explaining Anyathakhyati?

How does Udayana prove the existence of God through Karyat, Ayojanat, Dhrtyadeh and Sruteh? Discuss.
Critically discuss the metaphysical status of Jiva and a Purusa according to Sankhya philosophy.
Which Sankhya proof for the existence of Prakriti actually shows that there can be only one Prakriti? Justify
your answer.
How would Yoga philosophy comprehend the Citta-levels of a Scientist, a God-realized Devotee and a Self-
realised Yogi? Justify your answer.
How does Mimanmsa establish the authority of Vedic knowledge?

Explain the logical consequences of the metaphysical absolutism of Advaitism.

Explain the unique position of the Supermind in the metaphysical scheme of Aurobindo's philosophy.

Critically examine - "Gender equality can be realized only within a socialist regime."

What, in your view, is the source(s) of gender inequality? Is it primarily rooted in human biology? In what
way, if at all? Can this inequality be bridged? Explain and defend your position on these issues.

If God is omniscient, then humans are not free.

Is God dead(Nietzsche) or living(faithful people)?
What do the immanence and transcendence mean in talking about God? Is God really immanent or
transcendent?

Some theists question the relevancy of proofs and arguments for theistic beliefs. Believers in their view are
not irrational for want of proof for their belief in God because proofs are neither necessary nor sufficient
for religious life. Would you agree with such a view? Discuss.

Is the ontological argument for the existence of God really invalid? Critical notes.
Do any of these received proofs for the existence of God succeed in proving God's existence? Discuss. In
this context, critically consider especially the cosmological argument.
Describe the problem of evil. Some theologians utilise the free-will argument to resolve this problem. How?
Discuss.
Relation between religion and salvation. Critical notes.
Can the results of a finite action of an individual(karma) determine the nature of the immortal soul(atman)?
Critical notes.

Point out the relative importance of reason and revelation in religion. Are they compatible? Discuss.

When a religion is defined as religare, is Buddhism or Jainism a religion? What are the criteria for an
organisation to be called a religion? Should there be a transcendental reality in a religion? Discuss.
Secular ethics cannot satisfactorily answer the question - "Why should I be moral all the time?"
Are God and religion necessary presuppositions of morality? Elucidate your answer following Kant. Also
consider critically in this context the possible grounds of morality following atheists.
What is the central issue in the debate between religious pluralist and religious exclusivist? Discuss in this
context the arguments they advance in support of their views.
 h

R
e
f
Marks Topic e
A
r
10 Plato and Aristotle: Ideas; Substance; Form and Matter; Te
Causation; Actuality and Potentiality 1n
Sc
Ae
10 Plato and Aristotle: Ideas; Substance; Form and Matter; T
Causation; Actuality and Potentiality 1C
So
10 Empiricism (Locke, Berkeley, Hume): Theory of Knowledge;
Ad
Te
Substance and Qualities; Self and God; Skepticism 2
S
A
10 Empiricism (Locke, Berkeley, Hume): Theory of Knowledge; T
Substance and Qualities; Self and God; Skepticism 2
S
A
10 Empiricism (Locke, Berkeley, Hume): Theory of Knowledge; T
Substance and Qualities; Self and God; Skepticism 2
A
20 T
Hegel: Dialectical Method; Absolute Idealism 5
S
A
15 Logical Positivism: Verification Theory of Meaning; Rejection of T
Metaphysics; Linguistic Theory of Necessary Propositions 7
S
Kant: Possibility of Synthetic a priori Judgments; Space and Time; A
15 Categories; Ideas of Reason; Antinomies; Critique of Proofs for the T
Existence of God 4
1
P
1
20 Moore, Russell and Early Wittgenstein: Defence of Commonsense; S
Refutation of Idealism; Logical Atomism; Logical Constructions; A
Incomplete Symbols; Picture Theory of Meaning; Saying and T
Showing. 6
T
15 Quine and Strawson: Critique of Empiricism; Theory of Basic 1
Particulars and Persons. 1
T
15 Quine and Strawson: Critique of Empiricism; Theory of Basic 1
Particulars and Persons. 1

2
0
2
20 1
P
1
S
A
Phenomenology (Husserl): Method; Theory of Essences; T
Avoidance 9
 2
0
2
15 1
P
1
S
A
Existentialism (Kierkegaard, Sartre, Heidegger): Existence and T
Essence; Choice, Responsibility and Authentic Existence; Being-in- 1
the-world and Temporality. 0

2
0
2
15 1
P
1
Moore, Russell and Early Wittgenstein: Defence of Commonsense; S
Refutation of Idealism; Logical Atomism; Logical Constructions; A
Incomplete Symbols; Picture Theory of Meaning; Saying and T
Showing. 6

2
0
2
10 1
P
1
S
Nyāya- Vaiśesika: Theory of Categories; Theory of Appearance; B
Theory of Pramāna; Self, Liberation; God; Proofs for the Existence T
of God; Theory of Causation; Atomistic Theory of Creation. 4

2
0
2
10 1
P
1
S
Nyāya- Vaiśesika: Theory of Categories; Theory of Appearance; B
Theory of Pramāna; Self, Liberation; God; Proofs for the Existence T
of God; Theory of Causation; Atomistic Theory of Creation. 4
 2
0
2
10 1
P
1
S
Nyāya- Vaiśesika: Theory of Categories; Theory of Appearance; B
Theory of Pramāna; Self, Liberation; God; Proofs for the Existence T
of God; Theory of Causation; Atomistic Theory of Creation. 4

2
0
2
10 1
P
1
S
B
Schools of Buddhism; Pratītyasamutpāda; Ksanikavada, T
Nairātmyavāda 3

2
0
2
10 1
P
1
S
B
Carvaka: Theory of Knowledge; Rejection of Transcendent T
Entities. 1

2
0
2
20 1
P
1
S
B
T
Yoga: Citta; Cittavrtti; Klesas; Samadhi; Kaivalya. 6
 2
0
2
15 1
P
1
S
B
T
Samkhya: Prakriti; Purusa; Causation; Liberation 5

2
0
2
15 1
P
1
S
B
T
Mimamsa: Theory of Knowledge 7

2
0
2
20 1
P
1
S
Nyāya-Vaiśesika: Theory of Categories; Theory of Appearance; B
Theory of Pramāna; Self, Liberation; God; Proofs for the Existence T
of God; Theory of Causation; Atomistic Theory of Creation. 4

2
0
2
15 1
P
1
S
B
Schools of Buddhism; Pratītyasamutpāda; Ksanikavada, T
Nairātmyavāda 3
 2
0
2
15 1
P
1
S
B
Jainism: Theory of Reality; Saptabhanginaya; Bondage and T
Liberation. 2

2
0
2
20 1
P
1
S
B
T
Aurobindo: Evolution, Involution; Integral Yoga. 9

2
0
2
15 1
P
1
S
B
Schools of Vedanta: Brahman; Isvara; Atman; Jiva; Jagat; Maya; T
Avidyā; Adhyasa; Moksa; Aprthaksiddhi; Pancavidhabheda 8

2
0
2
10 1
P
2
S
A
T
Social and Political Ideals: Equality, Justice, Liberty 1
 2
0
2
10 1
P
2
S
A
T
Social and Political Ideals: Equality, Justice, Liberty 1

2
0
2
10 1
P
2
S
A
T
Sovereignty: Austin, Bodin, Laski, Kautilya. 2

2
0
2
10 1
P
2
S
A
T
Forms of Government: Monarchy; Theocracy and Democracy. 4

2
0
2
10 1
P
2
S
A
Gender Discrimination: Female Foeticide, Land and Property T
Rights; Empowerment 9
 2
0
2
20 1
P
2
S
A
T
Social and Political Ideals: Equality, Justice, Liberty 1

2
0
2
15 1
P
2
S
A
Crime and Punishment: Corruption, Mass Violence, Genocide, T
Capital Punishment. 7

2
0
2
15 1
P
2
S
A
T
Humanism; Secularism; Multiculturalism. 6

2
0
2
20 1
P
2
S
A
T
Political Ideologies: Anarchism; Marxism and Socialism 5
 2
0
2
15 1
P
2
S
A
T
Political Ideologies: Anarchism; Marxism and Socialism 5

2
0
2
15 1
P
2
S
A
T
Sovereignty: Austin, Bodin, Laski, Kautilya. 2

2
0
2
20 1
P
2
S
A
T
1
Caste Discrimination: Gandhi and Ambedkar 0

2
0
2
15 1
P
2
S
A
Gender Discrimination: Female Foeticide, Land and Property T
Rights; Empowerment 9
 2
0
2
15 1
P
2
S
A
T
Individual and State: Rights; Duties and Accountability 3

2
0
2
10 1
P
2
S
B
Notions of God: Attributes; Relation to Man and the World (Indian T
and Western). 1

2
0
2
10 1
P
2
S
B
T
Religious Pluralism and the Problem of Absolute Truth 9

2
0
2
10 1
P
2
S
B
T
Religious Pluralism and the Problem of Absolute Truth 9
 2
0
2
10 1
P
2
S
B
T
Religion without God 7

2
0
2
10 1
P
2
S
B
T
Problem of Evil 3

2
0
2
20 1
P
2
S
B
T
Soul: Immortality; Rebirth and Liberation. 4

2
0
2
15 1
P
2
S
B
T
Soul: Immortality; Rebirth and Liberation. 4
 2
0
2
15 1
P
2
S
B
T
Religion and Morality 8

2
0
2
20 1
P
2
S
B
T
Reason, Revelation and Faith 5

2
0
2
15 1
P
2
S
B
Proofs for the Existence of God and their Critique (Indian and T
Western). 2

2
0
2
15 1
P
2
S
B
T
Religious Experience: Nature and Object (Indian and Western) 6
 2
0
2
20 1
P
2
S
B
T
Nature of Religious Language: Analogical and Symbolic; Cognitivist 1
and Non- cognitive 0

2
0
2
15 1
P
2
S
B
T
Soul: Immortality; Rebirth and Liberation. 4

2
0
2
15 1
P
2
S
B
T
Nature of Religious Language: Analogical and Symbolic; Cognitivist 1
and Non- cognitive 0

2
0
2
10 0
P
1
S
A
Plato and Aristotle: Ideas; Substance; Form and Matter; T
Causation; Actuality and Potentiality 1
 2
0
2
10 0
P
1
S
Rationalism (Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz): Cartesian Method and A
Certain Knowledge; Substance; God; Mind-Body Dualism; T
Determinism and Freedom. 2

2
0
2
15 0
P
1
S
Rationalism (Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz): Cartesian Method and A
Certain Knowledge; Substance; God; Mind-Body Dualism; T
Determinism and Freedom. 2

2
0
2
15 0
P
1
S
Kant: Possibility of Synthetic a priori Judgments; Space and Time; A
Categories; Ideas of Reason; Antinomies; Critique of Proofs for the T
Existence of God 4

2
0
2
20 0
P
1
S
Kant: Possibility of Synthetic a priori Judgments; Space and Time; A
Categories; Ideas of Reason; Antinomies; Critique of Proofs for the T
Existence of God 4
 2
0
2
10 0
P
1
S
A
T
Hegel: Dialectical Method; Absolute Idealism 5

2
0
2
15 0
P
1
Moore, Russell and Early Wittgenstein: Defence of Commonsense; S
Refutation of Idealism; Logical Atomism; Logical Constructions; A
Incomplete Symbols; Picture Theory of Meaning; Saying and T
Showing. 6

2
0
2
15 0
P
1
Moore, Russell and Early Wittgenstein: Defence of Commonsense; S
Refutation of Idealism; Logical Atomism; Logical Constructions; A
Incomplete Symbols; Picture Theory of Meaning; Saying and T
Showing. 6

2
0
2
10 0
P
1
S
A
Logical Positivism: Verification Theory of Meaning; Rejection of T
Metaphysics; Linguistic Theory of Necessary Propositions 7
 2
0
2
15 0
P
1
S
A
Later Wittgenstein: Meaning and Use; Language-games; Critique T
of Private Language. 8

2
0
2
10 0
P
1
S
A
Phenomenology (Husserl): Method; Theory of Essences; T
Avoidance 9

2
0
2
20 0
P
1
S
A
Existentialism (Kierkegaard, Sartre, Heidegger): Existence and T
Essence; Choice, Responsibility and Authentic Existence; Being-in- 1
the-world and Temporality. 0

2
0
2
20 0
P
1
S
A
Existentialism (Kierkegaard, Sartre, Heidegger): Existence and T
Essence; Choice, Responsibility and Authentic Existence; Being-in- 1
the-world and Temporality. 0
 2
0
2
15 0
P
1
S
A
T
Quine and Strawson: Critique of Empiricism; Theory of Basic 1
Particulars and Persons. 1

2
0
2
15 0
P
1
S
B
Carvaka: Theory of Knowledge; Rejection of Transcendent T
Entities. 1

2
0
2
15 0
P
1
S
B
Carvaka: Theory of Knowledge; Rejection of Transcendent T
Entities. 1

2
0
2
10 0
P
1
S
B
Jainism: Theory of Reality; Saptabhanginaya; Bondage and T
Liberation. 2
 2
0
2
15 0
P
1
S
B
Schools of Buddhism; Pratītyasamutpāda; Ksanikavada, T
Nairātmyavāda 3

2
0
2
20 0
P
1
S
B
Schools of Buddhism; Pratītyasamutpāda; Ksanikavada, T
Nairātmyavāda 3

2
0
2
15 0
P
1
S
Nyāya-Vaiśesika: Theory of Categories; Theory of Appearance; B
Theory of Pramāna; Self, Liberation; God; Proofs for the Existence T
of God; Theory of Causation; Atomistic Theory of Creation. 4

2
0
2
15 0
P
1
S
Nyāya-Vaiśesika: Theory of Categories; Theory of Appearance; B
Theory of Pramāna; Self, Liberation; God; Proofs for the Existence T
of God; Theory of Causation; Atomistic Theory of Creation. 4
 2
0
2
20 0
P
1
S
B
T
Samkhya: Prakriti; Purusa; Causation; Liberation 5

2
0
2
10 0
P
1
S
B
T
Yoga: Citta; Cittavrtti; Klesas; Samadhi; Kaivalya. 6

2
0
2
10 0
P
1
S
B
T
Mimamsa: Theory of Knowledge 7

2
0
2
10 0
P
1
S
B
Schools of Vedanta: Brahman; Isvara; Atman; Jiva; Jagat; Maya; T
Avidyā; Adhyasa; Moksa; Aprthaksiddhi; Pancavidhabheda 8
 2
0
2
10 0
P
1
S
B
Schools of Vedanta: Brahman; Isvara; Atman; Jiva; Jagat; Maya; T
Avidyā; Adhyasa; Moksa; Aprthaksiddhi; Pancavidhabheda 8

2
0
2
15 0
P
1
S
B
Schools of Vedanta: Brahman; Isvara; Atman; Jiva; Jagat; Maya; T
Avidyā; Adhyasa; Moksa; Aprthaksiddhi; Pancavidhabheda 8

2
0
2
20 0
P
1
S
B
T
Aurobindo: Evolution, Involution; Integral Yoga. 9

2
0
2
10 0
P
2
S
A
T
Social and Political Ideals: Equality, Justice, Liberty 1
 2
0
2
10 0
P
2
S
A
T
Sovereignty: Austin, Bodin, Laski, Kautilya. 2

2
0
2
15 0
P
2
S
A
T
Sovereignty: Austin, Bodin, Laski, Kautilya. 2

2
0
2
15 0
P
2
S
A
T
Individual and State: Rights; Duties and Accountability 3

2
0
2
10 0
P
2
S
A
T
Forms of Government: Monarchy; Theocracy and Democracy. 4
 2
0
2
10 0
P
2
S
A
T
Political Ideologies: Anarchism; Marxism and Socialism 5

2
0
2
15 0
P
2
S
A
T
Political Ideologies: Anarchism; Marxism and Socialism 5

2
0
2
10 0
P
2
S
A
T
Humanism; Secularism; Multiculturalism. 6

2
0
2
15 0
P
2
S
A
T
Humanism; Secularism; Multiculturalism. 6
 2
0
2
15 0
P
2
S
A
Crime and Punishment: Corruption, Mass Violence, Genocide, T
Capital Punishment. 7

2
0
2
15 0
P
2
S
A
Crime and Punishment: Corruption, Mass Violence, Genocide, T
Capital Punishment. 7

2
0
2
20 0
P
2
S
A
T
Development and Social Progress 8

2
0
2
20 0
P
2
S
A
Gender Discrimination: Female Foeticide, Land and Property T
Rights; Empowerment 9
 2
0
2
20 0
P
2
S
A
T
1
Caste Discrimination: Gandhi and Ambedkar 0

2
0
2
10 0
P
2
S
B
Notions of God: Attributes; Relation to Man and the World (Indian T
and Western). 1

2
0
2
20 0
P
2
S
B
Notions of God: Attributes; Relation to Man and the World (Indian T
and Western). 1

2
0
2
20 0
P
2
S
B
Proofs for the Existence of God and their Critique (Indian and T
Western). 2
 2
0
2
15 0
P
2
S
B
T
Problem of Evil 3

2
0
2
10 0
P
2
S
B
T
Soul: Immortality; Rebirth and Liberation. 4

2
0
2
15 0
P
2
S
B
T
Soul: Immortality; Rebirth and Liberation. 4

2
0
2
15 0
P
2
S
B
T
Reason, Revelation and Faith 5
 2
0
2
15 0
P
2
S
B
T
Reason, Revelation and Faith 5

2
0
2
15 0
P
2
S
B
T
Religion without God 7

2
0
2
15 0
P
2
S
B
T
Religion and Morality 8

2
0
2
10 0
P
2
S
B
T
Religious Pluralism and the Problem of Absolute Truth 9
 2
0
2
10 0
P
2
S
B
T
Religious Pluralism and the Problem of Absolute Truth 9

2
0
2
10 0
P
2
S
B
T
Religious Pluralism and the Problem of Absolute Truth 9

2
0
2
20 0
P
2
S
B
T
Nature of Religious Language: Analogical and Symbolic; Cognitivist 1
and Non- cognitive 0

2
0
1
9
P
1
S
A
Plato and Aristotle: Ideas; Substance; Form and Matter; T
10 Causation; Actuality and Potentiality 1
 2
0
1
9
P
1
S
A
Plato and Aristotle: Ideas; Substance; Form and Matter; T
15 Causation; Actuality and Potentiality 1

2
0
1
9
P
1
S
Rationalism (Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz): Cartesian Method and A
Certain Knowledge; Substance; God; Mind-Body Dualism; T
10 Determinism and Freedom. 2

2
0
1
9
P
1
S
Rationalism (Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz): Cartesian Method and A
Certain Knowledge; Substance; God; Mind-Body Dualism; T
15 Determinism and Freedom. 2

2
0
1
15 9
P
1
S
A
Empiricism (Locke, Berkeley, Hume): Theory of Knowledge; T
Substance and Qualities; Self and God; Skepticism 3
 2
0
1
9
P
1
S
Kant: Possibility of Synthetic a priori Judgments; Space and Time; A
Categories; Ideas of Reason; Antinomies; Critique of Proofs for the T
10 Existence of God 4

2
0
1
20 9
P
1
S
Kant: Possibility of Synthetic a priori Judgments; Space and Time; A
Categories; Ideas of Reason; Antinomies; Critique of Proofs for the T
Existence of God 4

2
0
1
15 9
P
1
Moore, Russell and Early Wittgenstein: Defence of Commonsense; S
Refutation of Idealism; Logical Atomism; Logical Constructions; A
Incomplete Symbols; Picture Theory of Meaning; Saying and T
Showing. 6

2
0
1
9
P
1
Moore, Russell and Early Wittgenstein: Defence of Commonsense; S
Refutation of Idealism; Logical Atomism; Logical Constructions; A
Incomplete Symbols; Picture Theory of Meaning; Saying and T
20 Showing. 6
 2
0
1
9
P
1
S
A
Later Wittgenstein: Meaning and Use; Language-games; Critique T
10 of Private Language. 8

2
0
1
15 9
P
1
S
A
Later Wittgenstein: Meaning and Use; Language-games; Critique T
of Private Language. 8

2
0
1
9
P
1
S
A
Existentialism (Kierkegaard, Sartre, Heidegger): Existence and T
Essence; Choice, Responsibility and Authentic Existence; Being-in- 1
10 the-world and Temporality. 0

2
0
1
15 9
P
1
S
A
Existentialism (Kierkegaard, Sartre, Heidegger): Existence and T
Essence; Choice, Responsibility and Authentic Existence; Being-in- 1
the-world and Temporality. 0
 2
0
1
20 9
P
1
S
A
Existentialism (Kierkegaard, Sartre, Heidegger): Existence and T
Essence; Choice, Responsibility and Authentic Existence; Being-in- 1
the-world and Temporality. 0

2
0
1
10 9
P
1
S
B
Carvaka: Theory of Knowledge; Rejection of Transcendent T
Entities. 1

2
0
1
15 9
P
1
S
B
Carvaka: Theory of Knowledge; Rejection of Transcendent T
Entities. 1

2
0
1
20 9
P
1
S
B
Jainism: Theory of Reality; Saptabhanginaya; Bondage and T
Liberation. 2
 2
0
1
10 9
P
1
S
B
Schools of Buddhism; Pratītyasamutpāda; Ksanikavada, T
Nairātmyavāda 3

2
0
1
15 9
P
1
S
B
Schools of Buddhism; Pratītyasamutpāda; Ksanikavada, T
Nairātmyavāda 3

2
0
1
10 9
P
1
S
Nyāya-Vaiśesika: Theory of Categories; Theory of Appearance; B
Theory of Pramāna; Self, Liberation; God; Proofs for the Existence T
of God; Theory of Causation; Atomistic Theory of Creation. 4

2
0
1
15 9
P
1
S
Nyāya-Vaiśesika: Theory of Categories; Theory of Appearance; B
Theory of Pramāna; Self, Liberation; God; Proofs for the Existence T
of God; Theory of Causation; Atomistic Theory of Creation. 4
 2
0
1
20 9
P
1
S
Nyāya-Vaiśesika: Theory of Categories; Theory of Appearance; B
Theory of Pramāna; Self, Liberation; God; Proofs for the Existence T
of God; Theory of Causation; Atomistic Theory of Creation. 4

2
0
1
10 9
P
1
S
B
T
Samkhya: Prakriti; Purusa; Causation; Liberation 5

2
0
1
15 9
P
1
S
B
T
Samkhya: Prakriti; Purusa; Causation; Liberation 5

2
0
1
15 9
P
1
S
B
T
Yoga: Citta; Cittavrtti; Klesas; Samadhi; Kaivalya. 6
 2
0
1
10 9
P
1
S
B
T
Mimamsa: Theory of Knowledge 7

2
0
1
20 9
P
1
S
B
Schools of Vedanta: Brahman; Isvara; Atman; Jiva; Jagat; Maya; T
Avidyā; Adhyasa; Moksa; Aprthaksiddhi; Pancavidhabheda 8

2
0
1
15 9
P
1
S
B
T
Aurobindo: Evolution, Involution; Integral Yoga. 9

2
0
1
9
P
2
S
A
T
10 Social and Political Ideals: Equality, Justice, Liberty 1
 2
0
1
9
P
2
S
A
T
15 Social and Political Ideals: Equality, Justice, Liberty 1

2
0
1
9
P
2
S
A
T
20 Sovereignty: Austin, Bodin, Laski, Kautilya. 2

2
0
1
9
P
2
S
A
T
20 Individual and State: Rights; Duties and Accountability 3

2
0
1
9
P
2
S
A
T
10 Forms of Government: Monarchy; Theocracy and Democracy. 4
 2
0
1
9
P
2
S
A
T
10 Political Ideologies: Anarchism; Marxism and Socialism 5

2
0
1
9
P
2
S
A
T
15 Political Ideologies: Anarchism; Marxism and Socialism 5

2
0
1
9
P
2
S
A
T
15 Humanism; Secularism; Multiculturalism. 6

2
0
1
9
P
2
S
A
T
20 Humanism; Secularism; Multiculturalism. 6
 2
0
1
9
P
2
S
A
Crime and Punishment: Corruption, Mass Violence, Genocide, T
10 Capital Punishment. 7

2
0
1
9
P
2
S
A
Crime and Punishment: Corruption, Mass Violence, Genocide, T
15 Capital Punishment. 7

2
0
1
9
P
2
S
A
T
15 Development and Social Progress 8

2
0
1
9
P
2
S
A
Gender Discrimination: Female Foeticide, Land and Property T
10 Rights; Empowerment 9
 2
0
1
9
P
2
S
A
Gender Discrimination: Female Foeticide, Land and Property T
15 Rights; Empowerment 9

2
0
1
9
P
2
S
B
Notions of God: Attributes; Relation to Man and the World (Indian T
15 and Western). 1

2
0
1
9
P
2
S
B
Notions of God: Attributes; Relation to Man and the World (Indian T
15 and Western). 1

2
0
1
9
P
2
S
B
Proofs for the Existence of God and their Critique (Indian and T
10 Western). 2
 2
0
1
9
P
2
S
B
T
15 Problem of Evil 3

2
0
1
9
P
2
S
B
T
20 Soul: Immortality; Rebirth and Liberation. 4

2
0
1
9
P
2
S
B
T
10 Reason, Revelation and Faith 5

2
0
1
9
P
2
S
B
T
15 Religious Experience: Nature and Object (Indian and Western) 6
 2
0
1
9
P
2
S
B
T
15 Religion without God 7

2
0
1
9
P
2
S
B
T
10 Religion and Morality 8

2
0
1
9
P
2
S
B
T
10 Religion and Morality 8

2
0
1
9
P
2
S
B
T
15 Religion and Morality 8
 2
0
1
9
P
2
S
B
T
10 Religious Pluralism and the Problem of Absolute Truth 9

2
0
1
9
P
2
S
B
T
20 Religious Pluralism and the Problem of Absolute Truth 9

2
0
1
9
P
2
S
B
T
Nature of Religious Language: Analogical and Symbolic; Cognitivist 1
20 and Non- cognitive 0

2
0
1
8
P
1
S
A
Plato and Aristotle: Ideas; Substance; Form and Matter; T
15 Causation; Actuality and Potentiality 1
 2
0
1
8
P
1
S
Rationalism (Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz): Cartesian Method and A
Certain Knowledge; Substance; God; Mind-Body Dualism; T
10 Determinism and Freedom. 2

2
0
1
8
P
1
S
Rationalism (Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz): Cartesian Method and A
Certain Knowledge; Substance; God; Mind-Body Dualism; T
20 Determinism and Freedom. 2

2
0
1
8
P
1
S
A
Empiricism (Locke, Berkeley, Hume): Theory of Knowledge; T
10 Substance and Qualities; Self and God; Skepticism 3

2
0
1
8
P
1
S
A
Empiricism (Locke, Berkeley, Hume): Theory of Knowledge; T
20 Substance and Qualities; Self and God; Skepticism 3
 2
0
1
8
P
1
S
Kant: Possibility of Synthetic a priori Judgments; Space and Time; A
Categories; Ideas of Reason; Antinomies; Critique of Proofs for the T
15 Existence of God 4

2
0
1
8
P
1
Moore, Russell and Early Wittgenstein: Defence of Commonsense; S
Refutation of Idealism; Logical Atomism; Logical Constructions; A
Incomplete Symbols; Picture Theory of Meaning; Saying and T
15 Showing. 6

2
0
1
8
P
1
Moore, Russell and Early Wittgenstein: Defence of Commonsense; S
Refutation of Idealism; Logical Atomism; Logical Constructions; A
Incomplete Symbols; Picture Theory of Meaning; Saying and T
15 Showing. 6

2
0
1
8
P
1
S
A
Logical Positivism: Verification Theory of Meaning; Rejection of T
15 Metaphysics; Linguistic Theory of Necessary Propositions 7
 2
0
1
8
P
1
S
A
Later Wittgenstein: Meaning and Use; Language-games; Critique T
10 of Private Language. 8

2
0
1
8
P
1
S
A
Phenomenology (Husserl): Method; Theory of Essences; T
20 Avoidance 9

2
0
1
8
P
1
S
A
Existentialism (Kierkegaard, Sartre, Heidegger): Existence and T
Essence; Choice, Responsibility and Authentic Existence; Being-in- 1
10 the-world and Temporality. 0

2
0
1
8
P
1
S
A
T
Quine and Strawson: Critique of Empiricism; Theory of Basic 1
10 Particulars and Persons. 1
 2
0
1
8
P
1
S
A
T
Quine and Strawson: Critique of Empiricism; Theory of Basic 1
15 Particulars and Persons. 1

2
0
1
8
P
1
S
B
Carvaka: Theory of Knowledge; Rejection of Transcendent T
15 Entities. 1

2
0
1
8
P
1
S
B
Jainism: Theory of Reality; Saptabhanginaya; Bondage and T
15 Liberation. 2

2
0
1
8
P
1
S
B
Schools of Buddhism; Pratītyasamutpāda; Ksanikavada, T
10 Nairātmyavāda 3
 2
0
1
8
P
1
S
B
Schools of Buddhism; Pratītyasamutpāda; Ksanikavada, T
15 Nairātmyavāda 3

2
0
1
8
P
1
S
Nyāya-Vaiśesika: Theory of Categories; Theory of Appearance; B
Theory of Pramāna; Self, Liberation; God; Proofs for the Existence T
10 of God; Theory of Causation; Atomistic Theory of Creation. 4

2
0
1
8
P
1
S
Nyāya-Vaiśesika: Theory of Categories; Theory of Appearance; B
Theory of Pramāna; Self, Liberation; God; Proofs for the Existence T
10 of God; Theory of Causation; Atomistic Theory of Creation. 4

2
0
1
8
P
1
S
Nyāya-Vaiśesika: Theory of Categories; Theory of Appearance; B
Theory of Pramāna; Self, Liberation; God; Proofs for the Existence T
20 of God; Theory of Causation; Atomistic Theory of Creation. 4
 2
0
1
8
P
1
S
B
T
10 Samkhya: Prakriti; Purusa; Causation; Liberation 5

2
0
1
8
P
1
S
B
Schools of Vedanta: Brahman; Isvara; Atman; Jiva; Jagat; Maya; T
10 Avidyā; Adhyasa; Moksa; Aprthaksiddhi; Pancavidhabheda 8

2
0
1
8
P
1
S
B
Schools of Vedanta: Brahman; Isvara; Atman; Jiva; Jagat; Maya; T
15 Avidyā; Adhyasa; Moksa; Aprthaksiddhi; Pancavidhabheda 8

2
0
1
8
P
1
S
B
Schools of Vedanta: Brahman; Isvara; Atman; Jiva; Jagat; Maya; T
15 Avidyā; Adhyasa; Moksa; Aprthaksiddhi; Pancavidhabheda 8
 2
0
1
8
P
1
S
B
Schools of Vedanta: Brahman; Isvara; Atman; Jiva; Jagat; Maya; T
20 Avidyā; Adhyasa; Moksa; Aprthaksiddhi; Pancavidhabheda 8

2
0
1
8
P
1
S
B
Schools of Vedanta: Brahman; Isvara; Atman; Jiva; Jagat; Maya; T
20 Avidyā; Adhyasa; Moksa; Aprthaksiddhi; Pancavidhabheda 8

2
0
1
8
P
1
S
B
T
15 Aurobindo: Evolution, Involution; Integral Yoga. 9

2
0
1
8
P
2
S
A
T
20 Social and Political Ideals: Equality, Justice, Liberty 1
 2
0
1
8
P
2
S
A
T
10 Sovereignty: Austin, Bodin, Laski, Kautilya. 2

2
0
1
8
P
2
S
A
T
15 Sovereignty: Austin, Bodin, Laski, Kautilya. 2

2
0
1
8
P
2
S
A
T
20 Individual and State: Rights; Duties and Accountability 3

2
0
1
8
P
2
S
A
T
10 Forms of Government: Monarchy; Theocracy and Democracy. 4
 2
0
1
8
P
2
S
A
T
15 Political Ideologies: Anarchism; Marxism and Socialism 5

2
0
1
8
P
2
S
A
T
15 Political Ideologies: Anarchism; Marxism and Socialism 5

2
0
1
8
P
2
S
A
T
10 Humanism; Secularism; Multiculturalism. 6

2
0
1
8
P
2
S
A
T
15 Humanism; Secularism; Multiculturalism. 6
 2
0
1
8
P
2
S
A
T
20 Humanism; Secularism; Multiculturalism. 6

2
0
1
8
P
2
S
A
Crime and Punishment: Corruption, Mass Violence, Genocide, T
10 Capital Punishment. 7

2
0
1
8
P
2
S
A
Gender Discrimination: Female Foeticide, Land and Property T
15 Rights; Empowerment 9

2
0
1
8
P
2
S
A
Gender Discrimination: Female Foeticide, Land and Property T
15 Rights; Empowerment 9
 2
0
1
8
P
2
S
A
T
1
10 Caste Discrimination: Gandhi and Ambedkar 0

2
0
1
8
P
2
S
B
Notions of God: Attributes; Relation to Man and the World (Indian T
10 and Western). 1

2
0
1
8
P
2
S
B
Notions of God: Attributes; Relation to Man and the World (Indian T
20 and Western). 1

2
0
1
8
P
2
S
B
Proofs for the Existence of God and their Critique (Indian and T
15 Western). 2
 2
0
1
8
P
2
S
B
Proofs for the Existence of God and their Critique (Indian and T
20 Western). 2

2
0
1
8
P
2
S
B
T
10 Soul: Immortality; Rebirth and Liberation. 4

2
0
1
8
P
2
S
B
T
15 Soul: Immortality; Rebirth and Liberation. 4

2
0
1
8
P
2
S
B
T
10 Religion without God 7
 2
0
1
8
P
2
S
B
T
15 Religion without God 7

2
0
1
8
P
2
S
B
T
10 Religion and Morality 8

2
0
1
8
P
2
S
B
T
15 Religious Pluralism and the Problem of Absolute Truth 9

2
0
1
8
P
2
S
B
T
20 Religious Pluralism and the Problem of Absolute Truth 9
 2
0
1
8
P
2
S
B
T
Nature of Religious Language: Analogical and Symbolic; Cognitivist 1
10 and Non- cognitive 0

2
0
1
8
P
2
S
B
T
Nature of Religious Language: Analogical and Symbolic; Cognitivist 1
15 and Non- cognitive 0

2
0
1
8
P
2
S
B
T
Nature of Religious Language: Analogical and Symbolic; Cognitivist 1
15 and Non- cognitive 0

2
0
1
7
P
1
S
A
Plato and Aristotle: Ideas; Substance; Form and Matter; T
10 Causation; Actuality and Potentiality 1
 2
0
1
7
P
1
S
A
Plato and Aristotle: Ideas; Substance; Form and Matter; T
15 Causation; Actuality and Potentiality 1

2
0
1
7
P
1
S
Rationalism (Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz): Cartesian Method and A
Certain Knowledge; Substance; God; Mind-Body Dualism; T
20 Determinism and Freedom. 2

2
0
1
7
P
1
S
A
Empiricism (Locke, Berkeley, Hume): Theory of Knowledge; T
10 Substance and Qualities; Self and God; Skepticism 3

2
0
1
7
P
1
S
A
Empiricism (Locke, Berkeley, Hume): Theory of Knowledge; T
20 Substance and Qualities; Self and God; Skepticism 3
 2
0
1
7
P
1
S
Kant: Possibility of Synthetic a priori Judgments; Space and Time; A
Categories; Ideas of Reason; Antinomies; Critique of Proofs for the T
20 Existence of God 4

2
0
1
7
P
1
S
Kant: Possibility of Synthetic a priori Judgments; Space and Time; A
Categories; Ideas of Reason; Antinomies; Critique of Proofs for the T
20 Existence of God 4

2
0
1
7
P
1
S
A
T
10 Hegel: Dialectical Method; Absolute Idealism 5

2
0
1
7
P
1
Moore, Russell and Early Wittgenstein: Defence of Commonsense; S
Refutation of Idealism; Logical Atomism; Logical Constructions; A
Incomplete Symbols; Picture Theory of Meaning; Saying and T
10 Showing. 6
 2
0
1
7
P
1
Moore, Russell and Early Wittgenstein: Defence of Commonsense; S
Refutation of Idealism; Logical Atomism; Logical Constructions; A
Incomplete Symbols; Picture Theory of Meaning; Saying and T
15 Showing. 6

2
0
1
7
P
1
S
A
Logical Positivism: Verification Theory of Meaning; Rejection of T
15 Metaphysics; Linguistic Theory of Necessary Propositions 7

2
0
1
7
P
1
S
A
Phenomenology (Husserl): Method; Theory of Essences; T
10 Avoidance 9

2
0
1
7
P
1
S
A
Existentialism (Kierkegaard, Sartre, Heidegger): Existence and T
Essence; Choice, Responsibility and Authentic Existence; Being-in- 1
15 the-world and Temporality. 0
 2
0
1
7
P
1
S
A
T
Quine and Strawson: Critique of Empiricism; Theory of Basic 1
15 Particulars and Persons. 1

2
0
1
7
P
1
S
B
Carvaka: Theory of Knowledge; Rejection of Transcendent T
10 Entities. 1

2
0
1
7
P
1
S
B
Jainism: Theory of Reality; Saptabhanginaya; Bondage and T
15 Liberation. 2

2
0
1
7
P
1
S
B
Schools of Buddhism; Pratītyasamutpāda; Ksanikavada, T
10 Nairātmyavāda 3
 2
0
1
7
P
1
S
B
Schools of Buddhism; Pratītyasamutpāda; Ksanikavada, T
15 Nairātmyavāda 3

2
0
1
7
P
1
S
B
Schools of Buddhism; Pratītyasamutpāda; Ksanikavada, T
20 Nairātmyavāda 3

2
0
1
7
P
1
S
Nyāya-Vaiśesika: Theory of Categories; Theory of Appearance; B
Theory of Pramāna; Self, Liberation; God; Proofs for the Existence T
10 of God; Theory of Causation; Atomistic Theory of Creation. 4

2
0
1
7
P
1
S
Nyāya-Vaiśesika: Theory of Categories; Theory of Appearance; B
Theory of Pramāna; Self, Liberation; God; Proofs for the Existence T
10 of God; Theory of Causation; Atomistic Theory of Creation. 4
 2
0
1
7
P
1
S
Nyāya-Vaiśesika: Theory of Categories; Theory of Appearance; B
Theory of Pramāna; Self, Liberation; God; Proofs for the Existence T
20 of God; Theory of Causation; Atomistic Theory of Creation. 4

2
0
1
7
P
1
S
B
T
15 Samkhya: Prakriti; Purusa; Causation; Liberation 5

2
0
1
7
P
1
S
B
T
10 Yoga: Citta; Cittavrtti; Klesas; Samadhi; Kaivalya. 6

2
0
1
7
P
1
S
B
T
15 Mimamsa: Theory of Knowledge 7
 2
0
1
7
P
1
S
B
Schools of Vedanta: Brahman; Isvara; Atman; Jiva; Jagat; Maya; T
15 Avidyā; Adhyasa; Moksa; Aprthaksiddhi; Pancavidhabheda 8

2
0
1
7
P
1
S
B
Schools of Vedanta: Brahman; Isvara; Atman; Jiva; Jagat; Maya; T
15 Avidyā; Adhyasa; Moksa; Aprthaksiddhi; Pancavidhabheda 8

2
0
1
7
P
1
S
B
T
15 Aurobindo: Evolution, Involution; Integral Yoga. 9

2
0
1
7
P
2
S
A
T
10 Social and Political Ideals: Equality, Justice, Liberty 1
 2
0
1
7
P
2
S
A
T
15 Social and Political Ideals: Equality, Justice, Liberty 1

2
0
1
7
P
2
S
A
T
15 Sovereignty: Austin, Bodin, Laski, Kautilya. 2

2
0
1
7
P
2
S
A
T
10 Individual and State: Rights; Duties and Accountability 3

2
0
1
7
P
2
S
A
T
10 Forms of Government: Monarchy; Theocracy and Democracy. 4
 2
0
1
7
P
2
S
A
T
10 Political Ideologies: Anarchism; Marxism and Socialism 5

2
0
1
7
P
2
S
A
T
20 Political Ideologies: Anarchism; Marxism and Socialism 5

2
0
1
7
P
2
S
A
T
20 Humanism; Secularism; Multiculturalism. 6

2
0
1
7
P
2
S
A
Crime and Punishment: Corruption, Mass Violence, Genocide, T
15 Capital Punishment. 7
 2
0
1
7
P
2
S
A
T
15 Development and Social Progress 8

2
0
1
7
P
2
S
A
T
20 Development and Social Progress 8

2
0
1
7
P
2
S
A
Gender Discrimination: Female Foeticide, Land and Property T
15 Rights; Empowerment 9

2
0
1
7
P
2
S
A
Gender Discrimination: Female Foeticide, Land and Property T
15 Rights; Empowerment 9
 2
0
1
7
P
2
S
A
T
1
10 Caste Discrimination: Gandhi and Ambedkar 0

2
0
1
7
P
2
S
B
Notions of God: Attributes; Relation to Man and the World (Indian T
10 and Western). 1

2
0
1
7
P
2
S
B
Notions of God: Attributes; Relation to Man and the World (Indian T
15 and Western). 1

2
0
1
7
P
2
S
B
Proofs for the Existence of God and their Critique (Indian and T
15 Western). 2
 2
0
1
7
P
2
S
B
T
10 Problem of Evil 3

2
0
1
7
P
2
S
B
T
10 Soul: Immortality; Rebirth and Liberation. 4

2
0
1
7
P
2
S
B
T
20 Soul: Immortality; Rebirth and Liberation. 4

2
0
1
7
P
2
S
B
T
15 Reason, Revelation and Faith 5
 2
0
1
7
P
2
S
B
T
15 Religious Experience: Nature and Object (Indian and Western) 6

2
0
1
7
P
2
S
B
T
10 Religion without God 7

2
0
1
7
P
2
S
B
T
10 Religion and Morality 8

2
0
1
7
P
2
S
B
T
15 Religion and Morality 8
 2
0
1
7
P
2
S
B
T
15 Religion and Morality 8

2
0
1
7
P
2
S
B
T
15 Religious Pluralism and the Problem of Absolute Truth 9

2
0
1
7
P
2
S
B
T
Nature of Religious Language: Analogical and Symbolic; Cognitivist 1
20 and Non- cognitive 0

2
0
1
6
P
1
S
A
Plato and Aristotle: Ideas; Substance; Form and Matter; T
20 Causation; Actuality and Potentiality 1
 2
0
1
6
P
1
S
A
Plato and Aristotle: Ideas; Substance; Form and Matter; T
20 Causation; Actuality and Potentiality 1

2
0
1
6
P
1
S
Rationalism (Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz): Cartesian Method and A
Certain Knowledge; Substance; God; Mind-Body Dualism; T
15 Determinism and Freedom. 2

2
0
1
6
P
1
S
A
Empiricism (Locke, Berkeley, Hume): Theory of Knowledge; T
10 Substance and Qualities; Self and God; Skepticism 3

2
0
1
6
P
1
S
A
Empiricism (Locke, Berkeley, Hume): Theory of Knowledge; T
15 Substance and Qualities; Self and God; Skepticism 3
 2
0
1
6
P
1
S
Kant: Possibility of Synthetic a priori Judgments; Space and Time; A
Categories; Ideas of Reason; Antinomies; Critique of Proofs for the T
10 Existence of God 4

2
0
1
6
P
1
S
Kant: Possibility of Synthetic a priori Judgments; Space and Time; A
Categories; Ideas of Reason; Antinomies; Critique of Proofs for the T
15 Existence of God 4

2
0
1
6
P
1
S
A
T
15 Hegel: Dialectical Method; Absolute Idealism 5

2
0
1
6
P
1
Moore, Russell and Early Wittgenstein: Defence of Commonsense; S
Refutation of Idealism; Logical Atomism; Logical Constructions; A
Incomplete Symbols; Picture Theory of Meaning; Saying and T
10 Showing. 6
 2
0
1
6
P
1
Moore, Russell and Early Wittgenstein: Defence of Commonsense; S
Refutation of Idealism; Logical Atomism; Logical Constructions; A
Incomplete Symbols; Picture Theory of Meaning; Saying and T
15 Showing. 6

2
0
1
6
P
1
S
A
Logical Positivism: Verification Theory of Meaning; Rejection of T
10 Metaphysics; Linguistic Theory of Necessary Propositions 7

2
0
1
6
P
1
S
A
Phenomenology (Husserl): Method; Theory of Essences; T
20 Avoidance 9

2
0
1
6
P
1
S
A
Existentialism (Kierkegaard, Sartre, Heidegger): Existence and T
Essence; Choice, Responsibility and Authentic Existence; Being-in- 1
15 the-world and Temporality. 0
 2
0
1
6
P
1
S
A
T
Quine and Strawson: Critique of Empiricism; Theory of Basic 1
10 Particulars and Persons. 1

2
0
1
6
P
1
S
B
Carvaka: Theory of Knowledge; Rejection of Transcendent T
15 Entities. 1

2
0
1
6
P
1
S
B
Carvaka: Theory of Knowledge; Rejection of Transcendent T
15 Entities. 1

2
0
1
6
P
1
S
B
Jainism: Theory of Reality; Saptabhanginaya; Bondage and T
10 Liberation. 2
 2
0
1
6
P
1
S
B
Jainism: Theory of Reality; Saptabhanginaya; Bondage and T
10 Liberation. 2

2
0
1
6
P
1
S
B
Jainism: Theory of Reality; Saptabhanginaya; Bondage and T
15 Liberation. 2

2
0
1
6
P
1
S
B
Schools of Buddhism; Pratītyasamutpāda; Ksanikavada, T
10 Nairātmyavāda 3

2
0
1
6
P
1
S
Nyāya- Vaiśesika: Theory of Categories; Theory of Appearance; B
Theory of Pramāna; Self, Liberation; God; Proofs for the Existence T
20 of God; Theory of Causation; Atomistic Theory of Creation. 4
 2
0
1
6
P
1
S
B
T
20 Soul: Immortality; Rebirth and Liberation. 4

2
0
1
6
P
1
S
B
T
10 Samkhya: Prakriti; Purusa; Causation; Liberation 5

2
0
1
6
P
1
S
B
T
15 Yoga: Citta; Cittavrtti; Klesas; Samadhi; Kaivalya. 6

2
0
1
6
P
1
S
B
T
15 Mimamsa: Theory of Knowledge 7
 2
0
1
6
P
1
S
B
Schools of Vedanta: Brahman; Isvara; Atman; Jiva; Jagat; Maya; T
10 Avidyā; Adhyasa; Moksa; Aprthaksiddhi; Pancavidhabheda 8

2
0
1
6
P
1
S
B
Schools of Vedanta: Brahman; Isvara; Atman; Jiva; Jagat; Maya; T
15 Avidyā; Adhyasa; Moksa; Aprthaksiddhi; Pancavidhabheda 8

2
0
1
6
P
1
S
B
T
20 Aurobindo: Evolution, Involution; Integral Yoga. 9

2
0
1
6
P
2
S
A
T
15 Social and Political Ideals: Equality, Justice, Liberty 1
 2
0
1
6
P
2
S
A
T
10 Sovereignty: Austin, Bodin, Laski, Kautilya. 2

2
0
1
6
P
2
S
A
T
15 Sovereignty: Austin, Bodin, Laski, Kautilya. 2

2
0
1
6
P
2
S
A
T
10 Individual and State: Rights; Duties and Accountability 3

2
0
1
6
P
2
S
A
T
20 Individual and State: Rights; Duties and Accountability 3
 2
0
1
6
P
2
S
A
T
20 Forms of Government: Monarchy; Theocracy and Democracy. 4

2
0
1
6
P
2
S
A
T
10 Political Ideologies: Anarchism; Marxism and Socialism 5

2
0
1
6
P
2
S
A
T
15 Humanism; Secularism; Multiculturalism. 6

2
0
1
6
P
2
S
A
Crime and Punishment: Corruption, Mass Violence, Genocide, T
10 Capital Punishment. 7
 2
0
1
6
P
2
S
A
Crime and Punishment: Corruption, Mass Violence, Genocide, T
10 Capital Punishment. 7

2
0
1
6
P
2
S
A
T
15 Development and Social Progress 8

2
0
1
6
P
2
S
A
Gender Discrimination: Female Foeticide, Land and Property T
15 Rights; Empowerment 9

2
0
1
6
P
2
S
A
Gender Discrimination: Female Foeticide, Land and Property T
15 Rights; Empowerment 9
 2
0
1
6
P
2
S
A
T
1
20 Caste Discrimination: Gandhi and Ambedkar 0

2
0
1
6
P
2
S
B
Notions of God: Attributes; Relation to Man and the World (Indian T
10 and Western). 1

2
0
1
6
P
2
S
B
Notions of God: Attributes; Relation to Man and the World (Indian T
15 and Western). 1

2
0
1
6
P
2
S
B
Notions of God: Attributes; Relation to Man and the World (Indian T
20 and Western). 1
 2
0
1
6
P
2
S
B
Proofs for the Existence of God and their Critique (Indian and T
15 Western). 2

2
0
1
6
P
2
S
B
Proofs for the Existence of God and their Critique (Indian and T
15 Western). 2

2
0
1
6
P
2
S
B
T
20 Problem of Evil 3

2
0
1
6
P
2
S
B
T
10 Soul: Immortality; Rebirth and Liberation. 4
 2
0
1
6
P
2
S
B
T
10 Reason, Revelation and Faith 5

2
0
1
6
P
2
S
B
T
15 Reason, Revelation and Faith 5

2
0
1
6
P
2
S
B
T
20 Religious Experience: Nature and Object (Indian and Western) 6

2
0
1
6
P
2
S
B
T
15 Religion and Morality 8
 2
0
1
6
P
2
S
B
T
10 Religious Pluralism and the Problem of Absolute Truth 9

2
0
1
6
P
2
S
B
T
10 Religious Pluralism and the Problem of Absolute Truth 9

2
0
1
6
P
2
S
B
T
Nature of Religious Language: Analogical and Symbolic; Cognitivist 1
15 and Non- cognitive 0

2
0
1
5
P
1
S
A
Plato and Aristotle: Ideas; Substance; Form and Matter; T
10 Causation; Actuality and Potentiality 1
 2
0
1
5
P
1
S
A
Plato and Aristotle: Ideas; Substance; Form and Matter; T
20 Causation; Actuality and Potentiality 1

2
0
1
5
P
1
S
Rationalism (Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz): Cartesian Method and A
Certain Knowledge; Substance; God; Mind-Body Dualism; T
15 Determinism and Freedom. 2

2
0
1
5
P
1
S
Rationalism (Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz): Cartesian Method and A
Certain Knowledge; Substance; God; Mind-Body Dualism; T
15 Determinism and Freedom. 2

2
0
1
5
P
1
S
A
Empiricism (Locke, Berkeley, Hume): Theory of Knowledge; T
10 Substance and Qualities; Self and God; Skepticism 3
 2
0
1
5
P
1
S
Kant: Possibility of Synthetic a priori Judgments; Space and Time; A
Categories; Ideas of Reason; Antinomies; Critique of Proofs for the T
20 Existence of God 4

2
0
1
5
P
1
Moore, Russell and Early Wittgenstein: Defence of Commonsense; S
Refutation of Idealism; Logical Atomism; Logical Constructions; A
Incomplete Symbols; Picture Theory of Meaning; Saying and T
10 Showing. 6

2
0
1
5
P
1
Moore, Russell and Early Wittgenstein: Defence of Commonsense; S
Refutation of Idealism; Logical Atomism; Logical Constructions; A
Incomplete Symbols; Picture Theory of Meaning; Saying and T
15 Showing. 6

2
0
1
5
P
1
S
A
Later Wittgenstein: Meaning and Use; Language-games; Critique T
20 of Private Language. 8
 2
0
1
5
P
1
S
A
Phenomenology (Husserl): Method; Theory of Essences; T
10 Avoidance 9

2
0
1
5
P
1
S
A
Existentialism (Kierkegaard, Sartre, Heidegger): Existence and T
Essence; Choice, Responsibility and Authentic Existence; Being-in- 1
15 the-world and Temporality. 0

2
0
1
5
P
1
S
A
Existentialism (Kierkegaard, Sartre, Heidegger): Existence and T
Essence; Choice, Responsibility and Authentic Existence; Being-in- 1
15 the-world and Temporality. 0

2
0
1
5
P
1
S
A
T
Quine and Strawson: Critique of Empiricism; Theory of Basic 1
10 Particulars and Persons. 1
 2
0
1
5
P
1
S
A
T
Quine and Strawson: Critique of Empiricism; Theory of Basic 1
15 Particulars and Persons. 1

2
0
1
5
P
1
S
B
Carvaka: Theory of Knowledge; Rejection of Transcendent T
15 Entities. 1

2
0
1
5
P
1
S
B
Jainism: Theory of Reality; Saptabhanginaya; Bondage and T
10 Liberation. 2

2
0
1
5
P
1
S
B
Jainism: Theory of Reality; Saptabhanginaya; Bondage and T
15 Liberation. 2
 2
0
1
5
P
1
S
B
Schools of Buddhism; Pratītyasamutpāda; Ksanikavada, T
10 Nairātmyavāda 3

2
0
1
5
P
1
S
B
Schools of Buddhism; Pratītyasamutpāda; Ksanikavada, T
15 Nairātmyavāda 3

2
0
1
5
P
1
S
Nyāya-Vaiśesika: Theory of Categories; Theory of Appearance; B
Theory of Pramāna; Self, Liberation; God; Proofs for the Existence T
15 of God; Theory of Causation; Atomistic Theory of Creation. 4

2
0
1
5
P
1
S
Nyāya-Vaiśesika: Theory of Categories; Theory of Appearance; B
Theory of Pramāna; Self, Liberation; God; Proofs for the Existence T
15 of God; Theory of Causation; Atomistic Theory of Creation. 4
 2
0
1
5
P
1
S
B
T
10 Samkhya: Prakriti; Purusa; Causation; Liberation 5

2
0
1
5
P
1
S
B
T
15 Samkhya: Prakriti; Purusa; Causation; Liberation 5

2
0
1
5
P
1
S
B
T
20 Yoga: Citta; Cittavrtti; Klesas; Samadhi; Kaivalya. 6

2
0
1
5
P
1
S
B
T
20 Mimamsa: Theory of Knowledge 7
 2
0
1
5
P
1
S
B
Schools of Vedanta: Brahman; Isvara; Atman; Jiva; Jagat; Maya; T
10 Avidyā; Adhyasa; Moksa; Aprthaksiddhi; Pancavidhabheda 8

2
0
1
5
P
1
S
B
Schools of Vedanta: Brahman; Isvara; Atman; Jiva; Jagat; Maya; T
20 Avidyā; Adhyasa; Moksa; Aprthaksiddhi; Pancavidhabheda 8

2
0
1
5
P
1
S
B
T
10 Aurobindo: Evolution, Involution; Integral Yoga. 9

2
0
1
5
P
2
S
A
T
10 Social and Political Ideals: Equality, Justice, Liberty 1
 2
0
1
5
P
2
S
A
T
15 Social and Political Ideals: Equality, Justice, Liberty 1

2
0
1
5
P
2
S
A
T
10 Sovereignty: Austin, Bodin, Laski, Kautilya. 2

2
0
1
5
P
2
S
A
T
10 Individual and State: Rights; Duties and Accountability 3

2
0
1
5
P
2
S
A
T
10 Forms of Government: Monarchy; Theocracy and Democracy. 4
 2
0
1
5
P
2
S
A
T
20 Forms of Government: Monarchy; Theocracy and Democracy. 4

2
0
1
5
P
2
S
A
T
15 Humanism; Secularism; Multiculturalism. 6

2
0
1
5
P
2
S
A
T
20 Humanism; Secularism; Multiculturalism. 6

2
0
1
5
P
2
S
A
Crime and Punishment: Corruption, Mass Violence, Genocide, T
15 Capital Punishment. 7
 2
0
1
5
P
2
S
A
T
10 Development and Social Progress 8

2
0
1
5
P
2
S
A
Gender Discrimination: Female Foeticide, Land and Property T
15 Rights; Empowerment 9

2
0
1
5
P
2
S
A
Gender Discrimination: Female Foeticide, Land and Property T
15 Rights; Empowerment 9

2
0
1
5
P
2
S
A
T
1
15 Caste Discrimination: Gandhi and Ambedkar 0
 2
0
1
5
P
2
S
A
T
1
20 Caste Discrimination: Gandhi and Ambedkar 0

2
0
1
5
P
2
S
B
Notions of God: Attributes; Relation to Man and the World (Indian T
10 and Western). 1

2
0
1
5
P
2
S
B
Proofs for the Existence of God and their Critique (Indian and T
10 Western). 2

2
0
1
5
P
2
S
B
Proofs for the Existence of God and their Critique (Indian and T
15 Western). 2
 2
0
1
5
P
2
S
B
Proofs for the Existence of God and their Critique (Indian and T
20 Western). 2

2
0
1
5
P
2
S
B
T
10 Problem of Evil 3

2
0
1
5
P
2
S
B
T
15 Problem of Evil 3

2
0
1
5
P
2
S
B
T
15 Soul: Immortality; Rebirth and Liberation. 4
 2
0
1
5
P
2
S
B
T
20 Soul: Immortality; Rebirth and Liberation. 4

2
0
1
5
P
2
S
B
T
10 Reason, Revelation and Faith 5

2
0
1
5
P
2
S
B
T
15 Reason, Revelation and Faith 5

2
0
1
5
P
2
S
B
T
15 Religious Experience: Nature and Object (Indian and Western) 6
 2
0
1
5
P
2
S
B
T
10 Religion and Morality 8

2
0
1
5
P
2
S
B
T
15 Religion and Morality 8

2
0
1
5
P
2
S
B
T
Nature of Religious Language: Analogical and Symbolic; Cognitivist 1
20 and Non- cognitive 0

2
0
1
4
P
1
S
A
Plato and Aristotle: Ideas; Substance; Form and Matter; T
15 Causation; Actuality and Potentiality 1
 2
0
1
4
P
1
S
A
Plato and Aristotle: Ideas; Substance; Form and Matter; T
20 Causation; Actuality and Potentiality 1

2
0
1
4
P
1
S
Rationalism (Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz): Cartesian Method and A
Certain Knowledge; Substance; God; Mind-Body Dualism; T
10 Determinism and Freedom. 2

2
0
1
4
P
1
S
Rationalism (Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz): Cartesian Method and A
Certain Knowledge; Substance; God; Mind-Body Dualism; T
15 Determinism and Freedom. 2

2
0
1
4
P
1
S
A
Empiricism (Locke, Berkeley, Hume): Theory of Knowledge; T
15 Substance and Qualities; Self and God; Skepticism 3
 2
0
1
4
P
1
S
Kant: Possibility of Synthetic a priori Judgments; Space and Time; A
Categories; Ideas of Reason; Antinomies; Critique of Proofs for the T
10 Existence of God 4

2
0
1
4
P
1
Moore, Russell and Early Wittgenstein: Defence of Commonsense; S
Refutation of Idealism; Logical Atomism; Logical Constructions; A
Incomplete Symbols; Picture Theory of Meaning; Saying and T
15 Showing. 6

2
0
1
4
P
1
Moore, Russell and Early Wittgenstein: Defence of Commonsense; S
Refutation of Idealism; Logical Atomism; Logical Constructions; A
Incomplete Symbols; Picture Theory of Meaning; Saying and T
15 Showing. 6

2
0
1
4
P
1
S
A
Logical Positivism: Verification Theory of Meaning; Rejection of T
20 Metaphysics; Linguistic Theory of Necessary Propositions 7
 2
0
1
4
P
1
S
A
Later Wittgenstein: Meaning and Use; Language-games; Critique T
10 of Private Language. 8

2
0
1
4
P
1
S
A
Phenomenology (Husserl): Method; Theory of Essences; T
10 Avoidance 9

2
0
1
4
P
1
S
A
Existentialism (Kierkegaard, Sartre, Heidegger): Existence and T
Essence; Choice, Responsibility and Authentic Existence; Being-in- 1
15 the-world and Temporality. 0

2
0
1
4
P
1
S
A
Existentialism (Kierkegaard, Sartre, Heidegger): Existence and T
Essence; Choice, Responsibility and Authentic Existence; Being-in- 1
20 the-world and Temporality. 0
 2
0
1
4
P
1
S
A
T
Quine and Strawson: Critique of Empiricism; Theory of Basic 1
10 Particulars and Persons. 1

2
0
1
4
P
1
S
B
Carvaka: Theory of Knowledge; Rejection of Transcendent T
10 Entities. 1

2
0
1
4
P
1
S
B
Jainism: Theory of Reality; Saptabhanginaya; Bondage and T
15 Liberation. 2

2
0
1
4
P
1
S
B
Schools of Buddhism; Pratītyasamutpāda; Ksanikavada, T
10 Nairātmyavāda 3
 2
0
1
4
P
1
S
B
Schools of Buddhism; Pratītyasamutpāda; Ksanikavada, T
15 Nairātmyavāda 3

2
0
1
4
P
1
S
Nyāya-Vaiśesika: Theory of Categories; Theory of Appearance; B
Theory of Pramāna; Self, Liberation; God; Proofs for the Existence T
20 of God; Theory of Causation; Atomistic Theory of Creation. 4

2
0
1
4
P
1
S
B
T
10 Samkhya: Prakriti; Purusa; Causation; Liberation 5

2
0
1
4
P
1
S
B
T
15 Samkhya: Prakriti; Purusa; Causation; Liberation 5
 2
0
1
4
P
1
S
B
T
20 Samkhya: Prakriti; Purusa; Causation; Liberation 5

2
0
1
4
P
1
S
B
T
15 Yoga: Citta; Cittavrtti; Klesas; Samadhi; Kaivalya. 6

2
0
1
4
P
1
S
B
T
10 Mimamsa: Theory of Knowledge 7

2
0
1
4
P
1
S
B
T
15 Mimamsa: Theory of Knowledge 7
 2
0
1
4
P
1
S
B
Schools of Vedanta: Brahman; Isvara; Atman; Jiva; Jagat; Maya; T
10 Avidyā; Adhyasa; Moksa; Aprthaksiddhi; Pancavidhabheda 8

2
0
1
4
P
1
S
B
Schools of Vedanta: Brahman; Isvara; Atman; Jiva; Jagat; Maya; T
20 Avidyā; Adhyasa; Moksa; Aprthaksiddhi; Pancavidhabheda 8

2
0
1
4
P
1
S
B
T
15 Aurobindo: Evolution, Involution; Integral Yoga. 9

2
0
1
4
P
2
S
A
T
15 Social and Political Ideals: Equality, Justice, Liberty 1
 2
0
1
4
P
2
S
A
T
10 Sovereignty: Austin, Bodin, Laski, Kautilya. 2

2
0
1
4
P
2
S
A
T
20 Individual and State: Rights; Duties and Accountability 3

2
0
1
4
P
2
S
A
T
15 Forms of Government: Monarchy; Theocracy and Democracy. 4

2
0
1
4
P
2
S
A
T
10 Humanism; Secularism; Multiculturalism. 6
 2
0
1
4
P
2
S
A
T
10 Humanism; Secularism; Multiculturalism. 6

2
0
1
4
P
2
S
A
T
15 Humanism; Secularism; Multiculturalism. 6

2
0
1
4
P
2
S
A
Crime and Punishment: Corruption, Mass Violence, Genocide, T
10 Capital Punishment. 7

2
0
1
4
P
2
S
A
Crime and Punishment: Corruption, Mass Violence, Genocide, T
20 Capital Punishment. 7
 2
0
1
4
P
2
S
A
Crime and Punishment: Corruption, Mass Violence, Genocide, T
20 Capital Punishment. 7

2
0
1
4
P
2
S
A
T
15 Development and Social Progress 8

2
0
1
4
P
2
S
A
Gender Discrimination: Female Foeticide, Land and Property T
15 Rights; Empowerment 9

2
0
1
4
P
2
S
A
T
1
10 Caste Discrimination: Gandhi and Ambedkar 0
 2
0
1
4
P
2
S
A
T
1
15 Caste Discrimination: Gandhi and Ambedkar 0

2
0
1
4
P
2
S
B
Notions of God: Attributes; Relation to Man and the World (Indian T
20 and Western). 1

2
0
1
4
P
2
S
B
Proofs for the Existence of God and their Critique (Indian and T
15 Western). 2

2
0
1
4
P
2
S
B
Proofs for the Existence of God and their Critique (Indian and T
15 Western). 2
 2
0
1
4
P
2
S
B
T
20 Problem of Evil 3

2
0
1
4
P
2
S
B
T
10 Soul: Immortality; Rebirth and Liberation. 4

2
0
1
4
P
2
S
B
T
10 Soul: Immortality; Rebirth and Liberation. 4

2
0
1
4
P
2
S
B
T
15 Soul: Immortality; Rebirth and Liberation. 4
 2
0
1
4
P
2
S
B
T
15 Reason, Revelation and Faith 5

2
0
1
4
P
2
S
B
T
15 Religious Experience: Nature and Object (Indian and Western) 6

2
0
1
4
P
2
S
B
T
20 Religion and Morality 8

2
0
1
4
P
2
S
B
T
10 Religious Pluralism and the Problem of Absolute Truth 9
 2
0
1
4
P
2
S
B
T
10 Religious Pluralism and the Problem of Absolute Truth 9

2
0
1
4
P
2
S
B
T
10 Religious Pluralism and the Problem of Absolute Truth 9

2
0
1
4
P
2
S
B
T
Nature of Religious Language: Analogical and Symbolic; Cognitivist 1
15 and Non- cognitive 0
Plato and Aristotle: Ideas; Substance; Form and Matter;
10 Causation; Actuality and Potentiality
Plato and Aristotle: Ideas; Substance; Form and Matter;
12.5 Causation; Actuality and Potentiality

Rationalism (Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz): Cartesian Method and

Certain Knowledge; Substance; God; Mind-Body Dualism;
12.5 Determinism and Freedom.

Rationalism (Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz): Cartesian Method and

Certain Knowledge; Substance; God; Mind-Body Dualism;
12.5 Determinism and Freedom.

Rationalism (Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz): Cartesian Method and

Certain Knowledge; Substance; God; Mind-Body Dualism;
12.5 Determinism and Freedom.

Empiricism (Locke, Berkeley, Hume): Theory of Knowledge;

12.5 Substance and Qualities; Self and God; Skepticism
 Kant: Possibility of Synthetic a priori Judgments; Space and Time;
Categories; Ideas of Reason; Antinomies; Critique of Proofs for the
10 Existence of God

Kant: Possibility of Synthetic a priori Judgments; Space and Time;

Categories; Ideas of Reason; Antinomies; Critique of Proofs for the
12.5 Existence of God

12.5 Hegel: Dialectical Method; Absolute Idealism

Moore, Russell and Early Wittgenstein: Defence of Commonsense;

Refutation of Idealism; Logical Atomism; Logical Constructions;
Incomplete Symbols; Picture Theory of Meaning; Saying and
12.5 Showing.

Moore, Russell and Early Wittgenstein: Defence of Commonsense;

Refutation of Idealism; Logical Atomism; Logical Constructions;
Incomplete Symbols; Picture Theory of Meaning; Saying and
12.5 Showing.

Logical Positivism: Verification Theory of Meaning; Rejection of

10 Metaphysics; Linguistic Theory of Necessary Propositions
Later Wittgenstein: Meaning and Use; Language-games; Critique
10 of Private Language.

Existentialism (Kierkegaard, Sartre, Heidegger): Existence and

Essence; Choice, Responsibility and Authentic Existence; Being-in-
12.5 the-world and Temporality.

Existentialism (Kierkegaard, Sartre, Heidegger): Existence and

Essence; Choice, Responsibility and Authentic Existence; Being-in-
12.5 the-world and Temporality.
Quine and Strawson: Critique of Empiricism; Theory of Basic
10 Particulars and Persons.
Jainism: Theory of Reality; Saptabhanginaya; Bondage and
10 Liberation.
Schools of Buddhism; Pratītyasamutpāda; Ksanikavada,
10 Nairātmyavāda
Schools of Buddhism; Pratītyasamutpāda; Ksanikavada,
12.5 Nairātmyavāda

Nyāya-Vaiśesika: Theory of Categories; Theory of Appearance;

Theory of Pramāna; Self, Liberation; God; Proofs for the Existence
10 of God; Theory of Causation; Atomistic Theory of Creation.

Nyāya-Vaiśesika: Theory of Categories; Theory of Appearance;

Theory of Pramāna; Self, Liberation; God; Proofs for the Existence
12.5 of God; Theory of Causation; Atomistic Theory of Creation.

Nyāya-Vaiśesika: Theory of Categories; Theory of Appearance;

Theory of Pramāna; Self, Liberation; God; Proofs for the Existence
12.5 of God; Theory of Causation; Atomistic Theory of Creation.
10 Samkhya: Prakriti; Purusa; Causation; Liberation
12.5 Samkhya: Prakriti; Purusa; Causation; Liberation
12.5 Yoga: Citta; Cittavrtti; Klesas; Samadhi; Kaivalya.

10 Mimamsa: Theory of Knowledge

12.5 Mimamsa: Theory of Knowledge

Schools of Vedanta: Brahman; Isvara; Atman; Jiva; Jagat; Maya;

12.5 Avidyā; Adhyasa; Moksa; Aprthaksiddhi; Pancavidhabheda

Schools of Vedanta: Brahman; Isvara; Atman; Jiva; Jagat; Maya;

12.5 Avidyā; Adhyasa; Moksa; Aprthaksiddhi; Pancavidhabheda

Schools of Vedanta: Brahman; Isvara; Atman; Jiva; Jagat; Maya;

12.5 Avidyā; Adhyasa; Moksa; Aprthaksiddhi; Pancavidhabheda

Schools of Vedanta: Brahman; Isvara; Atman; Jiva; Jagat; Maya;

12.5 Avidyā; Adhyasa; Moksa; Aprthaksiddhi; Pancavidhabheda
10 Aurobindo: Evolution, Involution; Integral Yoga.
15 Social and Political Ideals: Equality, Justice, Liberty
15 Social and Political Ideals: Equality, Justice, Liberty
20 Social and Political Ideals: Equality, Justice, Liberty
10 Individual and State: Rights; Duties and Accountability

10 Forms of Government: Monarchy; Theocracy and Democracy.

15 Forms of Government: Monarchy; Theocracy and Democracy.

15 Forms of Government: Monarchy; Theocracy and Democracy.

20 Forms of Government: Monarchy; Theocracy and Democracy.

10 Humanism; Secularism; Multiculturalism.
Crime and Punishment: Corruption, Mass Violence, Genocide,
10 Capital Punishment.
Gender Discrimination: Female Foeticide, Land and Property
15 Rights; Empowerment
Gender Discrimination: Female Foeticide, Land and Property
15 Rights; Empowerment
Gender Discrimination: Female Foeticide, Land and Property
20 Rights; Empowerment
10 Caste Discrimination: Gandhi and Ambedkar
Notions of God: Attributes; Relation to Man and the World (Indian
10 and Western).
Proofs for the Existence of God and their Critique (Indian and
15 Western).
Proofs for the Existence of God and their Critique (Indian and
15 Western).
Proofs for the Existence of God and their Critique (Indian and
20 Western).
10 Problem of Evil

10 Soul: Immortality; Rebirth and Liberation.

10 Reason, Revelation and Faith

15 Religious Experience: Nature and Object (Indian and Western)

15 Religious Experience: Nature and Object (Indian and Western)

20 Religious Experience: Nature and Object (Indian and Western)

10 Religion and Morality
Nature of Religious Language: Analogical and Symbolic; Cognitivist
15 and Non- cognitive
Nature of Religious Language: Analogical and Symbolic; Cognitivist
15 and Non- cognitive
Nature of Religious Language: Analogical and Symbolic; Cognitivist
20 and Non- cognitive
Plato and Aristotle: Ideas; Substance; Form and Matter;
15 Causation; Actuality and Potentiality

Rationalism (Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz): Cartesian Method and

Certain Knowledge; Substance; God; Mind-Body Dualism;
12 Determinism and Freedom.

Rationalism (Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz): Cartesian Method and

Certain Knowledge; Substance; God; Mind-Body Dualism;
15 Determinism and Freedom.

Rationalism (Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz): Cartesian Method and

Certain Knowledge; Substance; God; Mind-Body Dualism;
15 Determinism and Freedom.

Rationalism (Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz): Cartesian Method and

Certain Knowledge; Substance; God; Mind-Body Dualism;
15 Determinism and Freedom.

Empiricism (Locke, Berkeley, Hume): Theory of Knowledge;

12 Substance and Qualities; Self and God; Skepticism

Empiricism (Locke, Berkeley, Hume): Theory of Knowledge;

15 Substance and Qualities; Self and God; Skepticism

Empiricism (Locke, Berkeley, Hume): Theory of Knowledge;

15 Substance and Qualities; Self and God; Skepticism

Empiricism (Locke, Berkeley, Hume): Theory of Knowledge;

15 Substance and Qualities; Self and God; Skepticism

Kant: Possibility of Synthetic a priori Judgments; Space and Time;

Categories; Ideas of Reason; Antinomies; Critique of Proofs for the
15 Existence of God
15 Hegel: Dialectical Method; Absolute Idealism

Moore, Russell and Early Wittgenstein: Defence of Commonsense;

Refutation of Idealism; Logical Atomism; Logical Constructions;
Incomplete Symbols; Picture Theory of Meaning; Saying and
15 Showing.

Logical Positivism: Verification Theory of Meaning; Rejection of

12 Metaphysics; Linguistic Theory of Necessary Propositions
Later Wittgenstein: Meaning and Use; Language-games; Critique
12 of Private Language.

Existentialism (Kierkegaard, Sartre, Heidegger): Existence and

Essence; Choice, Responsibility and Authentic Existence; Being-in-
12 the-world and Temporality.

Existentialism (Kierkegaard, Sartre, Heidegger): Existence and

Essence; Choice, Responsibility and Authentic Existence; Being-in-
15 the-world and Temporality.
Quine and Strawson: Critique of Empiricism; Theory of Basic
15 Particulars and Persons.
Carvaka: Theory of Knowledge; Rejection of Transcendent
15 Entities.
Carvaka: Theory of Knowledge; Rejection of Transcendent
15 Entities.
Jainism: Theory of Reality; Saptabhanginaya; Bondage and
15 Liberation.
Schools of Buddhism; Pratītyasamutpāda; Ksanikavada,
15 Nairātmyavāda
Schools of Buddhism; Pratītyasamutpāda; Ksanikavada,
15 Nairātmyavāda
Schools of Buddhism; Pratītyasamutpāda; Ksanikavada,
15 Nairātmyavāda
Schools of Buddhism; Pratītyasamutpāda; Ksanikavada,
15 Nairātmyavāda
15 Samkhya: Prakriti; Purusa; Causation; Liberation

15 Yoga: Citta; Cittavrtti; Klesas; Samadhi; Kaivalya.

15 Yoga: Citta; Cittavrtti; Klesas; Samadhi; Kaivalya.

15 Mimamsa: Theory of Knowledge

15 Mimamsa: Theory of Knowledge

Schools of Vedanta: Brahman; Isvara; Atman; Jiva; Jagat; Maya;

15 Avidyā; Adhyasa; Moksa; Aprthaksiddhi; Pancavidhabheda

Schools of Vedanta: Brahman; Isvara; Atman; Jiva; Jagat; Maya;

15 Avidyā; Adhyasa; Moksa; Aprthaksiddhi; Pancavidhabheda
 Schools of Vedanta: Brahman; Isvara; Atman; Jiva; Jagat; Maya;
15 Avidyā; Adhyasa; Moksa; Aprthaksiddhi; Pancavidhabheda

Schools of Vedanta: Brahman; Isvara; Atman; Jiva; Jagat; Maya;

15 Avidyā; Adhyasa; Moksa; Aprthaksiddhi; Pancavidhabheda
15 Aurobindo: Evolution, Involution; Integral Yoga.

12 Sovereignty: Austin, Bodin, Laski, Kautilya.

12 Individual and State: Rights; Duties and Accountability

12 Forms of Government: Monarchy; Theocracy and Democracy.

12 Political Ideologies: Anarchism; Marxism and Socialism
20 Humanism; Secularism; Multiculturalism.
20 Humanism; Secularism; Multiculturalism.
20 Humanism; Secularism; Multiculturalism.
Crime and Punishment: Corruption, Mass Violence, Genocide,
30 Capital Punishment.
Gender Discrimination: Female Foeticide, Land and Property
12 Rights; Empowerment
Gender Discrimination: Female Foeticide, Land and Property
20 Rights; Empowerment
Gender Discrimination: Female Foeticide, Land and Property
20 Rights; Empowerment

30 Caste Discrimination: Gandhi and Ambedkar

Notions of God: Attributes; Relation to Man and the World (Indian
20 and Western).
Proofs for the Existence of God and their Critique (Indian and
12 Western).
12 Problem of Evil
12 Soul: Immortality; Rebirth and Liberation.
20 Soul: Immortality; Rebirth and Liberation.

30 Reason, Revelation and Faith

30 Religious Experience: Nature and Object (Indian and Western)

20 Religion and Morality

20 Religion and Morality

12 Religious Pluralism and the Problem of Absolute Truth
12 Religious Pluralism and the Problem of Absolute Truth
Nature of Religious Language: Analogical and Symbolic; Cognitivist
20 and Non- cognitive
Nature of Religious Language: Analogical and Symbolic; Cognitivist
20 and Non- cognitive
Plato and Aristotle: Ideas; Substance; Form and Matter;
15 Causation; Actuality and Potentiality
 Rationalism (Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz): Cartesian Method and
Certain Knowledge; Substance; God; Mind-Body Dualism;
15 Determinism and Freedom.

Rationalism (Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz): Cartesian Method and

Certain Knowledge; Substance; God; Mind-Body Dualism;
30 Determinism and Freedom.

Empiricism (Locke, Berkeley, Hume): Theory of Knowledge;

20 Substance and Qualities; Self and God; Skepticism

Kant: Possibility of Synthetic a priori Judgments; Space and Time;

Categories; Ideas of Reason; Antinomies; Critique of Proofs for the
20 Existence of God

Moore, Russell and Early Wittgenstein: Defence of Commonsense;

Refutation of Idealism; Logical Atomism; Logical Constructions;
Incomplete Symbols; Picture Theory of Meaning; Saying and
15 Showing.

Moore, Russell and Early Wittgenstein: Defence of Commonsense;

Refutation of Idealism; Logical Atomism; Logical Constructions;
Incomplete Symbols; Picture Theory of Meaning; Saying and
30 Showing.

Logical Positivism: Verification Theory of Meaning; Rejection of

20 Metaphysics; Linguistic Theory of Necessary Propositions
Later Wittgenstein: Meaning and Use; Language-games; Critique
30 of Private Language.
Phenomenology (Husserl): Method; Theory of Essences;
30 Avoidance

Existentialism (Kierkegaard, Sartre, Heidegger): Existence and

Essence; Choice, Responsibility and Authentic Existence; Being-in-
15 the-world and Temporality.
Carvaka: Theory of Knowledge; Rejection of Transcendent
30 Entities.
Jainism: Theory of Reality; Saptabhanginaya; Bondage and
15 Liberation.
Jainism: Theory of Reality; Saptabhanginaya; Bondage and
20 Liberation.
Schools of Buddhism; Pratītyasamutpāda; Ksanikavada,
15 Nairātmyavāda
Schools of Buddhism; Pratītyasamutpāda; Ksanikavada,
20 Nairātmyavāda
Schools of Buddhism; Pratītyasamutpāda; Ksanikavada,
30 Nairātmyavāda

Nyāya-Vaiśesika: Theory of Categories; Theory of Appearance;

Theory of Pramāna; Self, Liberation; God; Proofs for the Existence
15 of God; Theory of Causation; Atomistic Theory of Creation.
 Nyāya-Vaiśesika: Theory of Categories; Theory of Appearance;
Theory of Pramāna; Self, Liberation; God; Proofs for the Existence
15 of God; Theory of Causation; Atomistic Theory of Creation.
30 Samkhya: Prakriti; Purusa; Causation; Liberation

30 Yoga: Citta; Cittavrtti; Klesas; Samadhi; Kaivalya.

20 Mimamsa: Theory of Knowledge
20 Social and Political Ideals: Equality, Justice, Liberty

20 Social and Political Ideals: Equality, Justice, Liberty

20 Social and Political Ideals: Equality, Justice, Liberty

15 Sovereignty: Austin, Bodin, Laski, Kautilya.

20 Individual and State: Rights; Duties and Accountability
20 Individual and State: Rights; Duties and Accountability

20 Individual and State: Rights; Duties and Accountability

15 Forms of Government: Monarchy; Theocracy and Democracy.

20 Political Ideologies: Anarchism; Marxism and Socialism
20 Political Ideologies: Anarchism; Marxism and Socialism
20 Political Ideologies: Anarchism; Marxism and Socialism

15 Humanism; Secularism; Multiculturalism.

Crime and Punishment: Corruption, Mass Violence, Genocide,
15 Capital Punishment.
Notions of God: Attributes; Relation to Man and the World (Indian
15 and Western).
Notions of God: Attributes; Relation to Man and the World (Indian
15 and Western).
Proofs for the Existence of God and their Critique (Indian and
15 Western).
20 Soul: Immortality; Rebirth and Liberation.

20 Soul: Immortality; Rebirth and Liberation.

20 Soul: Immortality; Rebirth and Liberation.
15 Religion and Morality

20 Religious Pluralism and the Problem of Absolute Truth

20 Religious Pluralism and the Problem of Absolute Truth
20 Religious Pluralism and the Problem of Absolute Truth

20 Religious Pluralism and the Problem of Absolute Truth

20 Religious Pluralism and the Problem of Absolute Truth

20 Religious Pluralism and the Problem of Absolute Truth

 Plato and Aristotle: Ideas; Substance; Form and Matter;
15 Causation; Actuality and Potentiality

Rationalism (Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz): Cartesian Method and

Certain Knowledge; Substance; God; Mind-Body Dualism;
20 Determinism and Freedom.

Empiricism (Locke, Berkeley, Hume): Theory of Knowledge;

15 Substance and Qualities; Self and God; Skepticism

Empiricism (Locke, Berkeley, Hume): Theory of Knowledge;

30 Substance and Qualities; Self and God; Skepticism

Kant: Possibility of Synthetic a priori Judgments; Space and Time;

Categories; Ideas of Reason; Antinomies; Critique of Proofs for the
15 Existence of God

Kant: Possibility of Synthetic a priori Judgments; Space and Time;

Categories; Ideas of Reason; Antinomies; Critique of Proofs for the
30 Existence of God

Moore, Russell and Early Wittgenstein: Defence of Commonsense;

Refutation of Idealism; Logical Atomism; Logical Constructions;
Incomplete Symbols; Picture Theory of Meaning; Saying and
20 Showing.

Logical Positivism: Verification Theory of Meaning; Rejection of

20 Metaphysics; Linguistic Theory of Necessary Propositions
Later Wittgenstein: Meaning and Use; Language-games; Critique
15 of Private Language.

Existentialism (Kierkegaard, Sartre, Heidegger): Existence and

Essence; Choice, Responsibility and Authentic Existence; Being-in-
30 the-world and Temporality.
Quine and Strawson: Critique of Empiricism; Theory of Basic
30 Particulars and Persons.
Carvaka: Theory of Knowledge; Rejection of Transcendent
20 Entities.
Jainism: Theory of Reality; Saptabhanginaya; Bondage and
30 Liberation.
Schools of Buddhism; Pratītyasamutpāda; Ksanikavada,
20 Nairātmyavāda
Schools of Buddhism; Pratītyasamutpāda; Ksanikavada,
30 Nairātmyavāda

Nyāya-Vaiśesika: Theory of Categories; Theory of Appearance;

Theory of Pramāna; Self, Liberation; God; Proofs for the Existence
20 of God; Theory of Causation; Atomistic Theory of Creation.

Nyāya-Vaiśesika: Theory of Categories; Theory of Appearance;

Theory of Pramāna; Self, Liberation; God; Proofs for the Existence
30 of God; Theory of Causation; Atomistic Theory of Creation.
15 Samkhya: Prakriti; Purusa; Causation; Liberation
 Schools of Vedanta: Brahman; Isvara; Atman; Jiva; Jagat; Maya;
15 Avidyā; Adhyasa; Moksa; Aprthaksiddhi; Pancavidhabheda

Schools of Vedanta: Brahman; Isvara; Atman; Jiva; Jagat; Maya;

15 Avidyā; Adhyasa; Moksa; Aprthaksiddhi; Pancavidhabheda

Schools of Vedanta: Brahman; Isvara; Atman; Jiva; Jagat; Maya;

30 Avidyā; Adhyasa; Moksa; Aprthaksiddhi; Pancavidhabheda
15 Aurobindo: Evolution, Involution; Integral Yoga.
15 Social and Political Ideals: Equality, Justice, Liberty
15 Sovereignty: Austin, Bodin, Laski, Kautilya.
20 Sovereignty: Austin, Bodin, Laski, Kautilya.
15 Individual and State: Rights; Duties and Accountability

20 Individual and State: Rights; Duties and Accountability

20 Forms of Government: Monarchy; Theocracy and Democracy.

20 Political Ideologies: Anarchism; Marxism and Socialism
Crime and Punishment: Corruption, Mass Violence, Genocide,
20 Capital Punishment.
Crime and Punishment: Corruption, Mass Violence, Genocide,
20 Capital Punishment.
15 Development and Social Progress
Gender Discrimination: Female Foeticide, Land and Property
20 Rights; Empowerment
Gender Discrimination: Female Foeticide, Land and Property
20 Rights; Empowerment

20 Caste Discrimination: Gandhi and Ambedkar

Proofs for the Existence of God and their Critique (Indian and
20 Western).

Proofs for the Existence of God and their Critique (Indian and
20 Western).
Proofs for the Existence of God and their Critique (Indian and
20 Western).

15 Problem of Evil
15 Soul: Immortality; Rebirth and Liberation.
20 Soul: Immortality; Rebirth and Liberation.
20 Soul: Immortality; Rebirth and Liberation.

20 Soul: Immortality; Rebirth and Liberation.

20 Religious Experience: Nature and Object (Indian and Western)

15 Religion without God

15 Religion and Morality

20 Religious Pluralism and the Problem of Absolute Truth

Nature of Religious Language: Analogical and Symbolic; Cognitivist
20 and Non- cognitive
Plato and Aristotle: Ideas; Substance; Form and Matter;
20 Causation; Actuality and Potentiality

Rationalism (Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz): Cartesian Method and

Certain Knowledge; Substance; God; Mind-Body Dualism;
20 Determinism and Freedom.

Rationalism (Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz): Cartesian Method and

Certain Knowledge; Substance; God; Mind-Body Dualism;
30 Determinism and Freedom.

Rationalism (Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz): Cartesian Method and

Certain Knowledge; Substance; God; Mind-Body Dualism;
30 Determinism and Freedom.

Empiricism (Locke, Berkeley, Hume): Theory of Knowledge;

20 Substance and Qualities; Self and God; Skepticism

Empiricism (Locke, Berkeley, Hume): Theory of Knowledge;

30 Substance and Qualities; Self and God; Skepticism

Kant: Possibility of Synthetic a priori Judgments; Space and Time;

Categories; Ideas of Reason; Antinomies; Critique of Proofs for the
20 Existence of God
20 Hegel: Dialectical Method; Absolute Idealism

Logical Positivism: Verification Theory of Meaning; Rejection of

30 Metaphysics; Linguistic Theory of Necessary Propositions

Existentialism (Kierkegaard, Sartre, Heidegger): Existence and

Essence; Choice, Responsibility and Authentic Existence; Being-in-
20 the-world and Temporality.

Existentialism (Kierkegaard, Sartre, Heidegger): Existence and

Essence; Choice, Responsibility and Authentic Existence; Being-in-
30 the-world and Temporality.
Quine and Strawson: Critique of Empiricism; Theory of Basic
30 Particulars and Persons.
Jainism: Theory of Reality; Saptabhanginaya; Bondage and
20 Liberation.

Nyāya-Vaiśesika: Theory of Categories; Theory of Appearance;

Theory of Pramāna; Self, Liberation; God; Proofs for the Existence
20 of God; Theory of Causation; Atomistic Theory of Creation.
 Nyāya-Vaiśesika: Theory of Categories; Theory of Appearance;
Theory of Pramāna; Self, Liberation; God; Proofs for the Existence
60 of God; Theory of Causation; Atomistic Theory of Creation.

60 Samkhya: Prakriti; Purusa; Causation; Liberation

60 Yoga: Citta; Cittavrtti; Klesas; Samadhi; Kaivalya.

30 Social and Political Ideals: Equality, Justice, Liberty
20 Sovereignty: Austin, Bodin, Laski, Kautilya.
20 Individual and State: Rights; Duties and Accountability

20 Forms of Government: Monarchy; Theocracy and Democracy.

30 Forms of Government: Monarchy; Theocracy and Democracy.

30 Humanism; Secularism; Multiculturalism.
Crime and Punishment: Corruption, Mass Violence, Genocide,
20 Capital Punishment.
Crime and Punishment: Corruption, Mass Violence, Genocide,
30 Capital Punishment.
Gender Discrimination: Female Foeticide, Land and Property
60 Rights; Empowerment
Notions of God: Attributes; Relation to Man and the World (Indian
30 and Western).
Proofs for the Existence of God and their Critique (Indian and
20 Western).
Proofs for the Existence of God and their Critique (Indian and
30 Western).

20 Problem of Evil
30 Soul: Immortality; Rebirth and Liberation.

20 Religious Experience: Nature and Object (Indian and Western)

30 Religious Pluralism and the Problem of Absolute Truth

30 Religious Pluralism and the Problem of Absolute Truth
Nature of Religious Language: Analogical and Symbolic; Cognitivist
20 and Non- cognitive
Plato and Aristotle: Ideas; Substance; Form and Matter;
20 Causation; Actuality and Potentiality

Rationalism (Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz): Cartesian Method and

Certain Knowledge; Substance; God; Mind-Body Dualism;
60 Determinism and Freedom.

Empiricism (Locke, Berkeley, Hume): Theory of Knowledge;

20 Substance and Qualities; Self and God; Skepticism
 Kant: Possibility of Synthetic a priori Judgments; Space and Time;
Categories; Ideas of Reason; Antinomies; Critique of Proofs for the
20 Existence of God

Moore, Russell and Early Wittgenstein: Defence of Commonsense;

Refutation of Idealism; Logical Atomism; Logical Constructions;
Incomplete Symbols; Picture Theory of Meaning; Saying and
60 Showing.
Later Wittgenstein: Meaning and Use; Language-games; Critique
20 of Private Language.
Phenomenology (Husserl): Method; Theory of Essences;
60 Avoidance

Existentialism (Kierkegaard, Sartre, Heidegger): Existence and

Essence; Choice, Responsibility and Authentic Existence; Being-in-
20 the-world and Temporality.
Schools of Buddhism; Pratītyasamutpāda; Ksanikavada,
20 Nairātmyavāda
Schools of Buddhism; Pratītyasamutpāda; Ksanikavada,
60 Nairātmyavāda

Nyāya-Vaiśesika: Theory of Categories; Theory of Appearance;

Theory of Pramāna; Self, Liberation; God; Proofs for the Existence
20 of God; Theory of Causation; Atomistic Theory of Creation.

Nyāya-Vaiśesika: Theory of Categories; Theory of Appearance;

Theory of Pramāna; Self, Liberation; God; Proofs for the Existence
60 of God; Theory of Causation; Atomistic Theory of Creation.
20 Mimamsa: Theory of Knowledge

Schools of Vedanta: Brahman; Isvara; Atman; Jiva; Jagat; Maya;

60 Avidyā; Adhyasa; Moksa; Aprthaksiddhi; Pancavidhabheda
20 Aurobindo: Evolution, Involution; Integral Yoga.
20 Social and Political Ideals: Equality, Justice, Liberty
20 Sovereignty: Austin, Bodin, Laski, Kautilya.

60 Individual and State: Rights; Duties and Accountability

20 Forms of Government: Monarchy; Theocracy and Democracy.

60 Humanism; Secularism; Multiculturalism.
Crime and Punishment: Corruption, Mass Violence, Genocide,
20 Capital Punishment.

60 Caste Discrimination: Gandhi and Ambedkar

Notions of God: Attributes; Relation to Man and the World (Indian
20 and Western).
Notions of God: Attributes; Relation to Man and the World (Indian
30 and Western).
Proofs for the Existence of God and their Critique (Indian and
20 Western).
60 Problem of Evil
20 Soul: Immortality; Rebirth and Liberation.

60 Reason, Revelation and Faith

20 Religion and Morality

60 Religious Pluralism and the Problem of Absolute Truth

Plato and Aristotle: Ideas; Substance; Form and Matter;
20 Causation; Actuality and Potentiality

Empiricism (Locke, Berkeley, Hume): Theory of Knowledge;

60 Substance and Qualities; Self and God; Skepticism

Kant: Possibility of Synthetic a priori Judgments; Space and Time;

Categories; Ideas of Reason; Antinomies; Critique of Proofs for the
20 Existence of God
20 Hegel: Dialectical Method; Absolute Idealism

Moore, Russell and Early Wittgenstein: Defence of Commonsense;

Refutation of Idealism; Logical Atomism; Logical Constructions;
Incomplete Symbols; Picture Theory of Meaning; Saying and
60 Showing.

Logical Positivism: Verification Theory of Meaning; Rejection of

20 Metaphysics; Linguistic Theory of Necessary Propositions
Quine and Strawson: Critique of Empiricism; Theory of Basic
60 Particulars and Persons.
Carvaka: Theory of Knowledge; Rejection of Transcendent
20 Entities.
Jainism: Theory of Reality; Saptabhanginaya; Bondage and
20 Liberation.
Schools of Buddhism; Pratītyasamutpāda; Ksanikavada,
20 Nairātmyavāda

Nyāya-Vaiśesika: Theory of Categories; Theory of Appearance;

Theory of Pramāna; Self, Liberation; God; Proofs for the Existence
60 of God; Theory of Causation; Atomistic Theory of Creation.
60 Samkhya: Prakriti; Purusa; Causation; Liberation

Schools of Vedanta: Brahman; Isvara; Atman; Jiva; Jagat; Maya;

60 Avidyā; Adhyasa; Moksa; Aprthaksiddhi; Pancavidhabheda
20 Social and Political Ideals: Equality, Justice, Liberty

20 Social and Political Ideals: Equality, Justice, Liberty

60 Social and Political Ideals: Equality, Justice, Liberty

20 Forms of Government: Monarchy; Theocracy and Democracy.

20 Political Ideologies: Anarchism; Marxism and Socialism

60 Political Ideologies: Anarchism; Marxism and Socialism

Crime and Punishment: Corruption, Mass Violence, Genocide,
60 Capital Punishment.
Notions of God: Attributes; Relation to Man and the World (Indian
20 and Western).

Notions of God: Attributes; Relation to Man and the World (Indian

60 and Western).

Proofs for the Existence of God and their Critique (Indian and
60 Western).

20 Problem of Evil
20 Soul: Immortality; Rebirth and Liberation.
60 Soul: Immortality; Rebirth and Liberation.

20 Religious Experience: Nature and Object (Indian and Western)

Plato and Aristotle: Ideas; Substance; Form and Matter;
20 Causation; Actuality and Potentiality

Rationalism (Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz): Cartesian Method and

Certain Knowledge; Substance; God; Mind-Body Dualism;
60 Determinism and Freedom.

Rationalism (Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz): Cartesian Method and

Certain Knowledge; Substance; God; Mind-Body Dualism;
60 Determinism and Freedom.

Empiricism (Locke, Berkeley, Hume): Theory of Knowledge;

20 Substance and Qualities; Self and God; Skepticism

Empiricism (Locke, Berkeley, Hume): Theory of Knowledge;

60 Substance and Qualities; Self and God; Skepticism

Kant: Possibility of Synthetic a priori Judgments; Space and Time;

Categories; Ideas of Reason; Antinomies; Critique of Proofs for the
20 Existence of God
20 Hegel: Dialectical Method; Absolute Idealism
Carvaka: Theory of Knowledge; Rejection of Transcendent
60 Entities.
Jainism: Theory of Reality; Saptabhanginaya; Bondage and
20 Liberation.
 Schools of Buddhism; Pratītyasamutpāda; Ksanikavada,
20 Nairātmyavāda

Nyāya-Vaiśesika: Theory of Categories; Theory of Appearance;

Theory of Pramāna; Self, Liberation; God; Proofs for the Existence
60 of God; Theory of Causation; Atomistic Theory of Creation.
60 Samkhya: Prakriti; Purusa; Causation; Liberation

Schools of Vedanta: Brahman; Isvara; Atman; Jiva; Jagat; Maya;

20 Avidyā; Adhyasa; Moksa; Aprthaksiddhi; Pancavidhabheda

Schools of Vedanta: Brahman; Isvara; Atman; Jiva; Jagat; Maya;

60 Avidyā; Adhyasa; Moksa; Aprthaksiddhi; Pancavidhabheda

60 Sovereignty: Austin, Bodin, Laski, Kautilya.

20 Individual and State: Rights; Duties and Accountability

20 Forms of Government: Monarchy; Theocracy and Democracy.

20 Political Ideologies: Anarchism; Marxism and Socialism

60 Political Ideologies: Anarchism; Marxism and Socialism

20 Humanism; Secularism; Multiculturalism.

Crime and Punishment: Corruption, Mass Violence, Genocide,

60 Capital Punishment.
Notions of God: Attributes; Relation to Man and the World (Indian
20 and Western).

Notions of God: Attributes; Relation to Man and the World (Indian

60 and Western).

Proofs for the Existence of God and their Critique (Indian and
60 Western).
20 Soul: Immortality; Rebirth and Liberation.
60 Soul: Immortality; Rebirth and Liberation.

20 Reason, Revelation and Faith

60 Reason, Revelation and Faith

20 Religious Experience: Nature and Object (Indian and Western)

60 Religion and Morality
Plato and Aristotle: Ideas; Substance; Form and Matter;
20 Causation; Actuality and Potentiality

Rationalism (Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz): Cartesian Method and

Certain Knowledge; Substance; God; Mind-Body Dualism;
20 Determinism and Freedom.

Rationalism (Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz): Cartesian Method and

Certain Knowledge; Substance; God; Mind-Body Dualism;
20 Determinism and Freedom.

Kant: Possibility of Synthetic a priori Judgments; Space and Time;

Categories; Ideas of Reason; Antinomies; Critique of Proofs for the
60 Existence of God

Logical Positivism: Verification Theory of Meaning; Rejection of

60 Metaphysics; Linguistic Theory of Necessary Propositions
Phenomenology (Husserl): Method; Theory of Essences;
60 Avoidance
Quine and Strawson: Critique of Empiricism; Theory of Basic
20 Particulars and Persons.
Jainism: Theory of Reality; Saptabhanginaya; Bondage and
20 Liberation.
Schools of Buddhism; Pratītyasamutpāda; Ksanikavada,
60 Nairātmyavāda

Nyāya-Vaiśesika: Theory of Categories; Theory of Appearance;

Theory of Pramāna; Self, Liberation; God; Proofs for the Existence
20 of God; Theory of Causation; Atomistic Theory of Creation.

Nyāya-Vaiśesika: Theory of Categories; Theory of Appearance;

Theory of Pramāna; Self, Liberation; God; Proofs for the Existence
60 of God; Theory of Causation; Atomistic Theory of Creation.
20 Samkhya: Prakriti; Purusa; Causation; Liberation

Schools of Vedanta: Brahman; Isvara; Atman; Jiva; Jagat; Maya;

20 Avidyā; Adhyasa; Moksa; Aprthaksiddhi; Pancavidhabheda

Schools of Vedanta: Brahman; Isvara; Atman; Jiva; Jagat; Maya;

60 Avidyā; Adhyasa; Moksa; Aprthaksiddhi; Pancavidhabheda
20 Individual and State: Rights; Duties and Accountability

20 Forms of Government: Monarchy; Theocracy and Democracy.

60 Humanism; Secularism; Multiculturalism.

60 Development and Social Progress

 Gender Discrimination: Female Foeticide, Land and Property
20 Rights; Empowerment
Proofs for the Existence of God and their Critique (Indian and
20 Western).
Proofs for the Existence of God and their Critique (Indian and
20 Western).

20 Problem of Evil
20 Soul: Immortality; Rebirth and Liberation.

60 Soul: Immortality; Rebirth and Liberation.

60 Soul: Immortality; Rebirth and Liberation.

20 Religious Experience: Nature and Object (Indian and Western)

60 Religion without God
Plato and Aristotle: Ideas; Substance; Form and Matter;
60 Causation; Actuality and Potentiality

Rationalism (Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz): Cartesian Method and

Certain Knowledge; Substance; God; Mind-Body Dualism;
20 Determinism and Freedom.

Empiricism (Locke, Berkeley, Hume): Theory of Knowledge;

20 Substance and Qualities; Self and God; Skepticism

Kant: Possibility of Synthetic a priori Judgments; Space and Time;

Categories; Ideas of Reason; Antinomies; Critique of Proofs for the
20 Existence of God

Moore, Russell and Early Wittgenstein: Defence of Commonsense;

Refutation of Idealism; Logical Atomism; Logical Constructions;
Incomplete Symbols; Picture Theory of Meaning; Saying and
20 Showing.

Moore, Russell and Early Wittgenstein: Defence of Commonsense;

Refutation of Idealism; Logical Atomism; Logical Constructions;
Incomplete Symbols; Picture Theory of Meaning; Saying and
60 Showing.

Existentialism (Kierkegaard, Sartre, Heidegger): Existence and

Essence; Choice, Responsibility and Authentic Existence; Being-in-
60 the-world and Temporality.
Carvaka: Theory of Knowledge; Rejection of Transcendent
20 Entities.
Jainism: Theory of Reality; Saptabhanginaya; Bondage and
60 Liberation.
Schools of Buddhism; Pratītyasamutpāda; Ksanikavada,
20 Nairātmyavāda
Schools of Buddhism; Pratītyasamutpāda; Ksanikavada,
60 Nairātmyavāda
 Nyāya-Vaiśesika: Theory of Categories; Theory of Appearance;
Theory of Pramāna; Self, Liberation; God; Proofs for the Existence
20 of God; Theory of Causation; Atomistic Theory of Creation.

Schools of Vedanta: Brahman; Isvara; Atman; Jiva; Jagat; Maya;

20 Avidyā; Adhyasa; Moksa; Aprthaksiddhi; Pancavidhabheda

Schools of Vedanta: Brahman; Isvara; Atman; Jiva; Jagat; Maya;

60 Avidyā; Adhyasa; Moksa; Aprthaksiddhi; Pancavidhabheda

20 Social and Political Ideals: Equality, Justice, Liberty

60 Social and Political Ideals: Equality, Justice, Liberty

20 Forms of Government: Monarchy; Theocracy and Democracy.

Crime and Punishment: Corruption, Mass Violence, Genocide,

60 Capital Punishment.
Nature of Religious Language: Analogical and Symbolic; Cognitivist
20 and Non- cognitive
Plato and Aristotle: Ideas; Substance; Form and Matter;
60 Causation; Actuality and Potentiality

Empiricism (Locke, Berkeley, Hume): Theory of Knowledge;

20 Substance and Qualities; Self and God; Skepticism

Kant: Possibility of Synthetic a priori Judgments; Space and Time;

Categories; Ideas of Reason; Antinomies; Critique of Proofs for the
20 Existence of God

Moore, Russell and Early Wittgenstein: Defence of Commonsense;

Refutation of Idealism; Logical Atomism; Logical Constructions;
Incomplete Symbols; Picture Theory of Meaning; Saying and
60 Showing.
Phenomenology (Husserl): Method; Theory of Essences;
60 Avoidance

Existentialism (Kierkegaard, Sartre, Heidegger): Existence and

Essence; Choice, Responsibility and Authentic Existence; Being-in-
20 the-world and Temporality.
Quine and Strawson: Critique of Empiricism; Theory of Basic
20 Particulars and Persons.
Carvaka: Theory of Knowledge; Rejection of Transcendent
60 Entities.
Jainism: Theory of Reality; Saptabhanginaya; Bondage and
60 Liberation.
Schools of Buddhism; Pratītyasamutpāda; Ksanikavada,
20 Nairātmyavāda
 Nyāya-Vaiśesika: Theory of Categories; Theory of Appearance;
Theory of Pramāna; Self, Liberation; God; Proofs for the Existence
20 of God; Theory of Causation; Atomistic Theory of Creation.
20 Samkhya: Prakriti; Purusa; Causation; Liberation

Schools of Vedanta: Brahman; Isvara; Atman; Jiva; Jagat; Maya;

20 Avidyā; Adhyasa; Moksa; Aprthaksiddhi; Pancavidhabheda

Schools of Vedanta: Brahman; Isvara; Atman; Jiva; Jagat; Maya;

60 Avidyā; Adhyasa; Moksa; Aprthaksiddhi; Pancavidhabheda
20 Social and Political Ideals: Equality, Justice, Liberty
20 Social and Political Ideals: Equality, Justice, Liberty
Crime and Punishment: Corruption, Mass Violence, Genocide,
20 Capital Punishment.

Plato and Aristotle: Ideas; Substance; Form and Matter;

60 Causation; Actuality and Potentiality

Rationalism (Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz): Cartesian Method and

Certain Knowledge; Substance; God; Mind-Body Dualism;
60 Determinism and Freedom.

Empiricism (Locke, Berkeley, Hume): Theory of Knowledge;

20 Substance and Qualities; Self and God; Skepticism

Kant: Possibility of Synthetic a priori Judgments; Space and Time;

Categories; Ideas of Reason; Antinomies; Critique of Proofs for the
60 Existence of God
20 Hegel: Dialectical Method; Absolute Idealism

Moore, Russell and Early Wittgenstein: Defence of Commonsense;

Refutation of Idealism; Logical Atomism; Logical Constructions;
Incomplete Symbols; Picture Theory of Meaning; Saying and
20 Showing.
Quine and Strawson: Critique of Empiricism; Theory of Basic
20 Particulars and Persons.
Carvaka: Theory of Knowledge; Rejection of Transcendent
20 Entities.
Schools of Buddhism; Pratītyasamutpāda; Ksanikavada,
20 Nairātmyavāda

Nyāya-Vaiśesika: Theory of Categories; Theory of Appearance;

Theory of Pramāna; Self, Liberation; God; Proofs for the Existence
20 of God; Theory of Causation; Atomistic Theory of Creation.
20 Samkhya: Prakriti; Purusa; Causation; Liberation

60 Mimamsa: Theory of Knowledge

Schools of Vedanta: Brahman; Isvara; Atman; Jiva; Jagat; Maya;

20 Avidyā; Adhyasa; Moksa; Aprthaksiddhi; Pancavidhabheda
20 Social and Political Ideals: Equality, Justice, Liberty

60 Social and Political Ideals: Equality, Justice, Liberty

60 Forms of Government: Monarchy; Theocracy and Democracy.

Gender Discrimination: Female Foeticide, Land and Property
Rights; Empowerment
Notions of God: Attributes; Relation to Man and the World (Indian
and Western).
Proofs for the Existence of God and their Critique (Indian and
Western).
20 Soul: Immortality; Rebirth and Liberation.
Soul: Immortality; Rebirth and Liberation.
Religion without God

Religion and Morality

Carvaka: Theory of Knowledge; Rejection of Transcendent
Entities.
Jainism: Theory of Reality; Saptabhanginaya; Bondage and
Liberation.
Schools of Buddhism; Pratītyasamutpāda; Ksanikavada,
Nairātmyavāda

Nyāya-Vaiśesika: Theory of Categories; Theory of Appearance;

Theory of Pramāna; Self, Liberation; God; Proofs for the Existence
of God; Theory of Causation; Atomistic Theory of Creation.
Samkhya: Prakriti; Purusa; Causation; Liberation
Mimamsa: Theory of Knowledge

Schools of Vedanta: Brahman; Isvara; Atman; Jiva; Jagat; Maya;

Avidyā; Adhyasa; Moksa; Aprthaksiddhi; Pancavidhabheda

60 Social and Political Ideals: Equality, Justice, Liberty

60 Social and Political Ideals: Equality, Justice, Liberty

20 Forms of Government: Monarchy; Theocracy and Democracy.

Gender Discrimination: Female Foeticide, Land and Property
Rights; Empowerment

Empiricism (Locke, Berkeley, Hume): Theory of Knowledge;

15 Substance and Qualities; Self and God; Skepticism

Kant: Possibility of Synthetic a priori Judgments; Space and Time;

Categories; Ideas of Reason; Antinomies; Critique of Proofs for the
20 Existence of God
15 Hegel: Dialectical Method; Absolute Idealism

Logical Positivism: Verification Theory of Meaning; Rejection of

15 Metaphysics; Linguistic Theory of Necessary Propositions
Phenomenology (Husserl): Method; Theory of Essences;
15 Avoidance
Phenomenology (Husserl): Method; Theory of Essences;
20 Avoidance
Carvaka: Theory of Knowledge; Rejection of Transcendent
10 Entities.
Carvaka: Theory of Knowledge; Rejection of Transcendent
15 Entities.
Jainism: Theory of Reality; Saptabhanginaya; Bondage and
20 Liberation.
Schools of Buddhism; Pratītyasamutpāda; Ksanikavada,
10 Nairātmyavāda
Schools of Buddhism; Pratītyasamutpāda; Ksanikavada,
15 Nairātmyavāda

Nyāya-Vaiśesika: Theory of Categories; Theory of Appearance;

Theory of Pramāna; Self, Liberation; God; Proofs for the Existence
10 of God; Theory of Causation; Atomistic Theory of Creation.

Nyāya-Vaiśesika: Theory of Categories; Theory of Appearance;

Theory of Pramāna; Self, Liberation; God; Proofs for the Existence
15 of God; Theory of Causation; Atomistic Theory of Creation.

Nyāya-Vaiśesika: Theory of Categories; Theory of Appearance;

Theory of Pramāna; Self, Liberation; God; Proofs for the Existence
20 of God; Theory of Causation; Atomistic Theory of Creation.
10 Samkhya: Prakriti; Purusa; Causation; Liberation

15 Samkhya: Prakriti; Purusa; Causation; Liberation

15 Yoga: Citta; Cittavrtti; Klesas; Samadhi; Kaivalya.

10 Mimamsa: Theory of Knowledge

Schools of Vedanta: Brahman; Isvara; Atman; Jiva; Jagat; Maya;

20 Avidyā; Adhyasa; Moksa; Aprthaksiddhi; Pancavidhabheda

15 Aurobindo: Evolution, Involution; Integral Yoga.

Gender Discrimination: Female Foeticide, Land and Property
Rights; Empowerment

Gender Discrimination: Female Foeticide, Land and Property

Rights; Empowerment
Notions of God: Attributes; Relation to Man and the World (Indian
and Western).
Notions of God: Attributes; Relation to Man and the World (Indian
and Western).
Notions of God: Attributes; Relation to Man and the World (Indian
and Western).

Proofs for the Existence of God and their Critique (Indian and
Western).
Proofs for the Existence of God and their Critique (Indian and
Western).
Proofs for the Existence of God and their Critique (Indian and
Western).

Problem of Evil
Soul: Immortality; Rebirth and Liberation.

Soul: Immortality; Rebirth and Liberation.

Reason, Revelation and Faith

Religion without God

Religion and Morality

Religion and Morality

Religious Pluralism and the Problem of Absolute Truth

Year PAPER 1 - SECTION A
P1SAT1 P1SAT2 P1SAT3 P1SAT4 P1SAT5 P1SAT6 P1SAT7 P1SAT8 P1SAT9
2021 2 3 0 1 1 2 1 0 1
2020 1 2 0 2 1 2 1 1 1
2019 2 2 1 2 0 2 0 2 0
2018 1 2 2 1 0 2 1 1 1
2017 2 1 2 2 1 2 1 0 1
2016 2 1 2 2 1 2 1 0 1
2015 2 2 1 1 0 2 0 1 1
2014 2 2 1 1 0 2 1 1 1

Year PAPER 1 - SECTION B

P1SBT1 P1SBT2 P1SBT3 P1SBT4 P1SBT5 P1SBT6 P1SBT7 P1SBT8 P1SBT9
2021 1 1 2 4 1 1 1 1 1
2020 2 1 2 2 1 1 1 3 1
2019 2 1 2 3 2 1 1 1 1
2018 1 1 2 3 1 0 0 5 1
2017 1 1 3 3 1 1 1 2 1
2016 2 3 1 2 1 1 1 2 1
2015 1 2 2 2 2 1 1 2 1
2014 1 1 2 1 3 1 2 2 1

Year PAPER 2 - SECTION A

P2SAT1 P2SAT2 P2SAT3 P2SAT4 P2SAT5 P2SAT6 P2SAT7 P2SAT8 P2SAT9
2021 3 2 1 1 2 1 1 0 2
2020 1 2 1 1 2 2 2 1 1
2019 2 1 1 1 2 2 2 1 2
2018 1 2 1 1 2 3 1 0 2
2017 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 2 2
2016 1 2 2 1 1 1 2 1 2
2015 2 1 1 2 0 2 1 1 2
2014 1 1 1 1 0 3 3 1 1

Year PAPER 2 - SECTION B

P2SBT1 P2SBT2 P2SBT3 P2SBT4 P2SBT5 P2SBT6 P2SBT7 P2SBT8 P2SBT9
2021 1 1 1 3 1 1 1 1 2
2020 2 1 1 2 2 0 1 1 3
2019 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 2
2018 2 2 0 2 0 0 2 1 2
2017 2 1 1 2 1 1 1 3 1
2016 3 2 1 1 2 1 0 1 2
2015 1 3 2 2 2 1 0 2 0
2014 1 2 1 3 1 1 0 1 3
P1SAT10 P1SAT11
1 2
2 1
3 0
1 2
1 1
1 1
2 2
2 1

P2SAT10
1
1
0
1
1
1
2
2

P2SBT10
2
1
1
3
1
1
1
1
Paper Section Topic # Topic Code
1A 1
P1SAT1

1A 2
P1SAT2

3
1A P1SAT3

1A 4
P1SAT4
1A 5 P1SAT5

1A 6

P1SAT6

1A 7
P1SAT7
1A 8
P1SAT8
1A 9
P1SAT9

1A 10
P1SAT10
1A 11
P1SAT11
1B 1
P1SBT1
1B 2
P1SBT2
1B 3
P1SBT3

1B 4

P1SBT4
1B 4 P1SBT4
1B 5 P1SBT5
1B 6 P1SBT6
1B 7 P1SBT7
1B 8
P1SBT8
1B 9 P1SBT9
2A 1 P2SAT1
2A 2 P2SAT2
2A 3 P2SAT3

2A 4
P2SAT4
2A 5 P2SAT5
2A 6 P2SAT6

2A 7
P2SAT7
2A 8 P2SAT8

2A 9
P2SAT9
2A 10 P2SAT10

2B 1
P2SBT1
2B 2
P2SBT2
2B 3 P2SBT3
2B 4 P2SBT4
2B 5 P2SBT5

2B 6 P2SBT6
2B 7 P2SBT7
2B 8 P2SBT8
2B 9 P2SBT9

2B 10
P2SBT10
Topic
Plato and Aristotle: Ideas; Substance; Form and Matter;
Causation; Actuality and Potentiality

Rationalism (Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz): Cartesian Method and

Certain Knowledge; Substance; God; Mind-Body Dualism;
Determinism and Freedom.

Empiricism (Locke, Berkeley, Hume): Theory of Knowledge;

Substance and Qualities; Self and God; Skepticism

Kant: Possibility of Synthetic a priori Judgments; Space and Time;

Categories; Ideas of Reason; Antinomies; Critique of Proofs for the
Existence of God
Hegel: Dialectical Method; Absolute Idealism

Moore, Russell and Early Wittgenstein: Defence of Commonsense;

Refutation of Idealism; Logical Atomism; Logical Constructions;
Incomplete Symbols; Picture Theory of Meaning; Saying and
Showing.

Logical Positivism: Verification Theory of Meaning; Rejection of

Metaphysics; Linguistic Theory of Necessary Propositions
Later Wittgenstein: Meaning and Use; Language-games; Critique
of Private Language.
Phenomenology (Husserl): Method; Theory of Essences;
Avoidance

Existentialism (Kierkegaard, Sartre, Heidegger): Existence and

Essence; Choice, Responsibility and Authentic Existence; Being-in-
the-world and Temporality.
Quine and Strawson: Critique of Empiricism; Theory of Basic
Particulars and Persons.
Carvaka: Theory of Knowledge; Rejection of Transcendent
Entities.
Jainism: Theory of Reality; Saptabhanginaya; Bondage and
Liberation.
Schools of Buddhism; Pratītyasamutpāda; Ksanikavada,
Nairātmyavāda

Nyāya-Vaiśesika: Theory of Categories; Theory of Appearance;

Theory of Pramāna; Self, Liberation; God; Proofs for the Existence
of God; Theory of Causation; Atomistic Theory of Creation.
Soul: Immortality; Rebirth and Liberation.
Samkhya: Prakriti; Purusa; Causation; Liberation
Yoga: Citta; Cittavrtti; Klesas; Samadhi; Kaivalya.
Mimamsa: Theory of Knowledge
Schools of Vedanta: Brahman; Isvara; Atman; Jiva; Jagat; Maya;
Avidyā; Adhyasa; Moksa; Aprthaksiddhi; Pancavidhabheda
Aurobindo: Evolution, Involution; Integral Yoga.
Social and Political Ideals: Equality, Justice, Liberty
Sovereignty: Austin, Bodin, Laski, Kautilya.
Individual and State: Rights; Duties and Accountability

Forms of Government: Monarchy; Theocracy and Democracy.

Political Ideologies: Anarchism; Marxism and Socialism
Humanism; Secularism; Multiculturalism.
Crime and Punishment: Corruption, Mass Violence, Genocide,
Capital Punishment.
Development and Social Progress
Gender Discrimination: Female Foeticide, Land and Property
Rights; Empowerment
Caste Discrimination: Gandhi and Ambedkar
Notions of God: Attributes; Relation to Man and the World (Indian
and Western).
Proofs for the Existence of God and their Critique (Indian and
Western).
Problem of Evil
Soul: Immortality; Rebirth and Liberation.
Reason, Revelation and Faith

Religious Experience: Nature and Object (Indian and Western)

Religion without God
Religion and Morality
Religious Pluralism and the Problem of Absolute Truth
Nature of Religious Language: Analogical and Symbolic; Cognitivist
and Non- cognitive