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The document provides examination instructions and questions for a biology exam. It includes: 1) A table to be completed with laboratory equipment used to measure various values like heat produced by seeds and breathing rate. 2) A diagram of a red blood cell and question calculating its magnification using a given formula. 3) A diagram of the human heart labeled with blood vessels and questions about oxygenated blood flow, highest blood pressure point, and semi-lunar valves. 4) A question explaining why the hole between heart chambers normally closes before birth.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)

591 views208 pages

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Uploaded by

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We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.

Available Formats

Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

You are on page 1/ 208

Please check the examination details below before entering your candidate information

Candidate surname Other names

Centre Number Candidate Number

Pearson Edexcel
International GCSE (9–1)
Paper
Time 2 hours
reference 4BI1/1B 4SD0/1B
Biology
UNIT: 4BI1
Science (Double Award) 4SD0
PAPER: 1B

You must have: Total Marks

Calculator, ruler

Instructions
• Use black ink or ball‑point pen.
• Fill in the boxes at the top of this page with your name,
centre number and candidate number.
• Answer all questions.
• Answer the questions in the spaces provided
– there may be more space than you need.
• Show all the steps in any calculations and state the units.
• about questions
Some must be answered with a cross in a box . If you change your mind
an answer, put a line through the box and then mark your new answer with
a cross .

Information
• The total mark for this paper is 110.
• – usemarks
The for each question are shown in brackets
this as a guide as to how much time to spend on each question.

Advice
• Read each question carefully before you start to answer it.
• Try toyour
Write answers neatly and in good English.
• Checkanswer every question.
• Good luck
your answers if you have time at the end.
• with your examination.
Turn over

*P66428A0132*
P66428A
©2021 Pearson Education Ltd.
1/1/1/1/1/1/1/
Answer ALL questions.
1 The table lists values that can be obtained in practical investigations.
(a) Complete the table by naming pieces of laboratory apparatus that can be used to
help obtain these values.
The first one has been done for you.
(4)

Value Apparatus

magnification of a red blood cell microscope

heat produced by germinating seeds

surface area to volume ratio of a

potato cylinder

breathing rate of a human

volume of gas produced by yeast in

anaerobic respiration

2
*P66428A0232*
(b) The diagram shows a red blood cell viewed through a microscope.

(Source: © Artem_Graf/Shutterstock)

The actual width of this red blood cell is 8 µm.

The magnification of this red blood cell can be calculated using this formula.

width of cell in drawing

magnification =
actual width of cell

Calculate the magnification of this red blood cell.

(2)

magnification = ......................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(Total for Question 1 = 6 marks)

3
*P66428A0332* Turn over
2 The diagram shows the human heart with four blood vessels labelled A, B, C and D.

B C

A D

(a) (i) Which blood vessel brings oxygenated blood to the heart?
(1)
A

(ii) Which blood vessel contains blood at the highest pressure?

(1)
A

(b) (i) Draw a label line on the diagram to show the position of a semi lunar valve.
-

(1)

4
*P66428A0432*
(ii) Describe the function of the semi lunar valves. -

(2)

(c) In the heart of a foetus, the two upper chambers (atria) are linked by a hole so
that blood can pass between them.
(i) Explain why this hole is normally closed before the baby is born.
(2)

(ii) Sometimes the hole does not close.

Explain what effect this will have on the baby.
(3)

(Total for Question 2 = 10 marks)

5
*P66428A0532* Turn over
BLANK PAGE

6
*P66428A0632*
3 A student investigates factors that affect photosynthesis.
(a) In his first experiment, the student uses this method to investigate the effect of
light on photosynthesis.
• place a plant in the dark for 24 hours
• cover part of leaf X with black paper
• place the plant in the light for 24 hours
The diagram shows the plant in the light.

leaf X

Describe how the student tests leaf X to show the effect of light on photosynthesis.
(4)

7
*P66428A0732* Turn over
(b) In his second experiment, the student uses a water plant to investigate the effect
of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.
He does the experiment at two different light intensities.
The table shows the student’s results.

Carbon dioxide Rate of photosynthesis in bubbles per minute

concentration
in arbitrary units low light intensity high light intensity
0.00 0 0
0.02 20 20
0.04 29 35
0.06 35 47
0.08 39 68
0.10 42 84
0.12 45 89
0.14 46 90
0.16 46 90
0.18 46 90

(i) Explain the student’s results.

(4)

(ii) Describe how the student could change the light intensity in this investigation.
(1)

8
*P66428A0832*
(iii) Give the dependent variable in this investigation.
(1)

(iv) Give one way in which the student could control the biotic variable in this
investigation.
(1)

(Total for Question 3 = 11 marks)

9
*P66428A0932* Turn over
4 The diagram shows a yeast cell.

cell wall

cytoplasm

(a) (i) Which row of the table is correct for this yeast cell?
(1)

Substance in cell wall Substance stored in cytoplasm

A cellulose glycogen
B cellulose starch
C chitin glycogen

D chitin starch

(ii) Which type of organism is a yeast cell?

(1)

A a bacterium
B a fungus

C a plant

D a protoctist

10
*P66428A01032*
(b) Biofuel is made from ethanol.
Scientists use genetically modified (GM) yeast to produce biofuel.
The GM yeast contains an enzyme that digests plant cell walls to produce glucose.
The yeast uses the glucose in respiration to produce ethanol.
(i) Which of these equations shows the respiration in the yeast?
(1)
A glucose → ethanol

B glucose → ethanol + carbon dioxide

C glucose + oxygen → ethanol

D glucose + oxygen → ethanol + carbon dioxide

(ii) Name an enzyme used by scientists to genetically modify the yeast.

(1)

(iii) The GM yeast is a recombinant strain.

State what is meant by the term recombinant.
(1)

(iv) Suggest why biofuel produced using glucose from plants could reduce
global warming.
(2)

11
*P66428A01132* Turn over
(c) The graph shows the mass of ethanol produced by GM yeast and by normal yeast
over a period of 3 days.

3 GM yeast

Mass of ethanol 2
produced normal yeast
in g

0
0 1 2 3
Time in days

(i) Calculate the percentage increase in the mass of ethanol produced by

GM yeast compared to normal yeast after 1 day.
(2)

percentage increase = ............................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . %

(ii) Give two reasons why the rate of ethanol production decreases after 1 day.
(2)

1 ............................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.

2 ............................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.

(Total for Question 4 = 11 marks)

12
*P66428A01232*
BLANK PAGE

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*P66428A01332* Turn over
5 Weeds are plants that compete with crop plants.
A scientist investigates the use of two different ways of reducing the population of weeds.
This is her method.
• use chemical control in one field by spraying herbicides, a type of pesticide, that
kill the weeds
• use biological control in another field by releasing insects that eat the weeds
• measure the mean (average) number of weeds in each field once a month from
February to August
The table shows the scientist’s results.

Mean number of weeds per m2

Month
chemical control biological control
February 2 12
March 16 8
April 3 4
May 20 3
June 3 4
July 18 3
August 2 3

(a) Describe a method to measure the mean number of weeds per m2 in each field.
(3)

14
*P66428A01432*
(b) The scientist concludes that biological control is a better way of controlling weeds
than chemical control.
Discuss this conclusion.
Use data from the table and your own knowledge to support your answer.
(5)

(Total for Question 5 = 8 marks)

15
*P66428A01532* Turn over
6 A student studies the organisms in a pond community.
(a) Which of these is the correct description of a community?
(1)

A the living organisms together with their non living environment

B the area where organisms live

C the organisms of all species in a habitat

D the organisms of one species in a habitat

(b) The table shows the number of organisms per m2 at different trophic levels in a
pond community.
It also shows the total biomass of these organisms per m2.

Number of individuals Total biomass

Trophic level
per m2 in g per m2

secondary consumers 100 1.0

primary consumers 1.5 × 104 2.5
producers 7.2 × 1010 17.5

(i) Calculate the mean mass in g of a single primary consumer.

Give your answer in standard form.
(3)

mean mass = .............................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . g

16
*P66428A01632*
(ii) Use the grid to draw a pyramid of biomass for the pond community.
(2)

(c) The number of secondary consumers is low because energy transfer is not
100% efficient.
(i) Explain why egestion is one reason why energy transfer is not 100% efficient.
(2)

(ii) Give two other reasons why energy transfer is not 100% efficient.
(2)

(Total for Question 6 = 10 marks)

17
*P66428A01732* Turn over
7 Inherited conditions may be caused by a dominant allele (D) or by a recessive allele (d).
The diagram shows a family pedigree for an inherited condition.
The shaded circle shows a female with the condition.

P Q

R S

(a) Complete the table by giving the genotype of each individual.

One has been done for you.
(3)

Individual Genotype

R Dd

(b) The parents have a third child.

Calculate the probability that this third child is female and has the condition.
(1)

probability = ......................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

18
*P66428A01832*
(c) The graphs show changes in the concentrations of the hormones testosterone
and oestrogen in child R and in child S between the ages of 11 to 15.

testosterone in arbitrary units 500 100

Concentration of oestrogen
400 80
Concentration of

in arbitrary units
300 60

200 40

100 20

0 0
11 12 13 14 15 11 12 13 14 15
Age in years Age in years

Key
child R
child S

Explain how the changes in hormone concentrations affect the development of

each child.
(4)

(Total for Question 7 = 8 marks)

19
*P66428A01932* Turn over
8 The table gives the percentage composition by mass of human breast milk, and of
cow’s milk.

Percentage by mass (%)

Substance
Breast milk Cow's milk
water 87.0 88.0
vitamins trace trace
fat 3.8 5.0
carbohydrate 7.9 3.0
minerals 0.2 0.7
protein 1.0 3.3

(a) Discuss whether cow’s milk is a suitable alternative to breast milk for young babies.
Use data from the table and your own knowledge to support your answer.
(6)

20
*P66428A02032*
(b) Human breast milk may contain insufficient vitamin D for a growing child.
Give two ways that additional vitamin D could be provided for the child.
(2)

(Total for Question 8 = 10 marks)

21
*P66428A02132* Turn over
9 The scientist, Richard Doll, collected data about deaths from cancer in the 1950s.
The table shows data for four groups.

Cause of Number of deaths

death non-smokers light smokers medium smokers heavy smokers total
lung cancer 0 12 11 13 36
other cancers 15 35 24 18 92
all deaths 82 345 206 157 790

(a) (i) Plot a bar chart to show the number of deaths from lung cancer and from
other cancers for each of the four groups.
(5)

22
*P66428A02232*
(ii) Calculate the difference in the percentage of all deaths caused by lung cancer
in heavy smokers compared to the percentage of all deaths caused by lung
cancer in light smokers.
(3)

difference = ................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . %
(b) This table gives no information about the age of the people who died.
Suggest why age may affect the likelihood of dying from lung cancer.
(2)

(Total for Question 9 = 12 marks)

23
*P66428A02332* Turn over
BLANK PAGE

24
*P66428A02432*
10 Humans can control their internal environment.
(a) State the term used to describe the control of an organism’s internal environment.
(1)

(b) Coordination uses hormones and nerves.

Some responses are simple reflex arcs.
Describe the structure and functioning of the withdrawal reflex of a finger from a
hot object.
(4)

25
*P66428A02532* Turn over
(c) Humans use their skin to regulate their body temperature. The diagram shows a
section through the skin with two structures labelled A and B.

Changes take place in the skin when a person moves from a warm environment
to a cold environment.
(i) Explain the changes that take place in structure A as a person enters a
cold environment.
(2)

(ii) Explain the changes that take place in structure B as the person enters a
cold environment.
(3)

26
*P66428A02632*
(d) Modern humans have less body hair than their ancestors.
Explain how this evolutionary change was brought about by natural selection.
(4)

(Total for Question 10 = 14 marks)

27
*P66428A02732* Turn over
11 Pollution of air or water can affect ecosystems.
(a) (i) Explain the biological consequences of air pollution by sulfur dioxide.
(3)

(ii) State how sulfur dioxide pollution can be reduced.

(1)

28
*P66428A02832*
(b) Some scientists have suggested that adding hydrogencarbonate solution to soil,
instead of adding water, can increase plant growth.
Design an investigation to discover the effect that adding hydrogencarbonate
solution has on the growth of seedlings.
Include experimental details in your answer and write in full sentences.
(6)

29
*P66428A02932* Turn over
................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(Total for Question 11 = 10 marks)

TOTAL FOR PAPER = 110 MARKS

30
*P66428A03032*
BLANK PAGE

31
*P66428A03132*
BLANK PAGE

32
*P66428A03232*
Please check the examination details below before entering your candidate information
Candidate surname Other names

Centre Number Candidate Number

Pearson Edexcel
International GCSE (9–1)

Friday 8 January 2021

Morning (Time: 2 hours) Paper Reference 4BI1/1B 4SD0/1B

Biology
Unit: 4BI1
Science (Double Award) 4SD0
Paper: 1B
You must have: Total Marks
Calculator, ruler

Instructions
• Use black ink or ball-point pen.
• centrethe
Fill in boxes at the top of this page with your name,
number and candidate number.
• Answer all questions.
• Answer the questions in the spaces provided
– there may be more space than you need.
• Show all the steps in any calculations and state the units.
• Some questions must be answered with a cross in a box . If you change your
mind about an answer, put a line through the box and then mark your new
answer with a cross .

Information
• The total mark for this paper is 110.
• The marks for each question are shown in brackets
– use this as a guide as to how much time to spend on each question.

Advice
• Read each question carefully before you start to answer it.
• Write your answers neatly and in good English.
• Try to answer every question.
• Check your answers if you have time at the end.
Turn over

*P67075RA0128*
P67075RA
©2021 Pearson Education Ltd.

1/1/1/1/1/1/
Answer ALL questions.

1 The diagram shows a human sperm cell.

tail middle head

piece

acrosome
nucleus

(a) What is the maximum number of X chromosomes found in the nucleus of a

sperm cell?
(1)
A 0

B 1
C 2

D 23

(b) The middle piece of the sperm cell contains mitochondria.

Explain the function of these mitochondria.
(2)

(c) The acrosome contains digestive enzymes.

Suggest the function of the acrosome.
(2)

2
*P67075RA0228*
(d) Describe the route taken by a sperm cell from when it enters the woman’s body to
the site of fertilisation of the egg.
(2)

(Total for Question 1 = 7 marks)

3
*P67075RA0328* Turn over
2 The diagram shows a food chain from a lake.

birds

large fish

small fish

microscopic plants

(a) Name the primary consumer in this food chain.

(1)

(b) The microscopic plants convert light energy into chemical energy.
(i) Describe the process that converts light energy into chemical energy.
(3)

(ii) Give two reasons why some of the energy in the microscopic plants is not
transferred to the small fish.
(2)

1 .......................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2 .......................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4
*P67075RA0428*
(c) The birds do not have teeth.

The fish they eat is initially crushed in part of their digestive system called a gizzard.

Suggest why crushing the fish in the gizzard helps the birds to digest the fish.
(2)

(Total for Question 2 = 8 marks)

5
*P67075RA0528* Turn over
3 The diagram shows the human circulation system with some blood vessels labelled
A to J. The arrows show the direction of blood flow.

lungs
A
J

B
I
heart
C
H
liver
G

D
gut

F E
kidneys

legs

(a) The table gives some statements about the content of blood vessels in this
circulation system.
(i) Complete the table by giving the letter of the blood vessel that matches each
statement.
(5)

Statement Letter

contains the least carbon dioxide

contains the most glucose after a meal

contains the least oxygen

contains the least urea

contains blood at the highest pressure

(ii) State two ways in which the structure of blood vessel A differs from the
structure of blood vessel J.
(2)

1 .......................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2 .......................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6
*P67075RA0628*
(b) Muscles in the legs contain capillaries.
A scientist investigates how long‑term training affects the number of capillaries in
an athlete’s leg muscles.
The scientist determines the mean number of capillaries per mm2 in samples of
leg muscle from the athlete before and after a period of training.
The table shows the scientist’s results.

Mean number of
Muscle sample
capillaries per mm2

before training 313

after training 349

The scientist concludes that training improves the athletic performance.

Discuss this conclusion.
(5)

(Total for Question 3 = 12 marks)

7
*P67075RA0728* Turn over
4 (a) The table gives some examples of biological processes.
Complete the table by giving the name of each process.
The first one has been done for you.
(3)

Example of process Name of process

plants with a short growing season survive drought natural selection

growth of algae in rivers polluted by fertiliser

pollen transferred from one plant to another by an insect

absorption of nitrate ions from soil using ATP

(b) Zinc is poisonous to many plants and can affect natural selection.
A scientist investigates the ability of one grass species to survive at different
distances from a zinc mine.
The scientist uses a sampling method to measure the percentage cover of this
grass species at different distances from the zinc mine.
The graph shows the scientist’s results.

100

60
Percentage
cover (%)
40

0
0 50 100 150 200
Distance from mine in metres

8
*P67075RA0828*
(i) The zinc concentration in soil is higher near the zinc mine than it is further
from the zinc mine.
Explain how natural selection could be responsible for the results shown in
the graph between 0 and 100 metres.
(4)

(ii) Describe a method the scientist could use to compare the population size of
the grass species at 50 metres and 100 metres from the mine.
(4)

(Total for Question 4 = 11 marks)

9
*P67075RA0928* Turn over
5 Farmers can keep their animals indoors or outdoors.
A student uses this apparatus to compare the heat loss from animals kept indoors
and outdoors.
He uses a covered beaker to represent animals indoors and an uncovered beaker to
represent animals outdoors.

indoors outdoors
thermometer

cardboard box
beaker containing
hot water

This is the student’s method.

• pour 200 cm3 of hot water into each beaker
• measure the temperature of the water in each beaker
• cover one beaker with a cardboard box
• measure the temperature of the water in each beaker after 30 minutes
The student repeats the investigation six times and calculates the mean temperature
of the water for each beaker.
The table shows the student’s results.

Mean temperature of water in °C

Time in minutes
uncovered covered

0 80 80

30 40 44

(a) Give the dependent variable in this investigation.

(1)

(b) Give one reason why the student uses the same volume of water in each beaker.
(1)

10
*P67075RA01028*
(c) Calculate the difference between the percentage decrease in temperature for the
uncovered beaker and the percentage decrease in temperature for the covered beaker.
(2)

difference = .............................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . %

(d) The student concludes that it is better for farmers to keep their animals indoors.
Discuss this conclusion.
(4)

11
*P67075RA01128* Turn over
(e) Describe how the student could modify his investigation to find out if an animal’s
body size affects heat loss.
(2)

(Total for Question 5 = 10 marks)

12
*P67075RA01228*
6 Neurones transmit nerve impulses.
The diagram shows a neurone.

dendrite

nucleus

axon

axon terminal

(a) This neurone is involved in the withdrawal reflex of a finger from a hot object.
The neurone transmits electrical impulses from the central nervous system to the
effector.
(i) Draw a circle on the diagram to show the part of the neurone where the
impulses are transferred to the effector.
(1)
(ii) What is the name of this type of neurone?
(1)
A association

B motor
C relay

D sensory

(iii) Explain the advantage of a withdrawal reflex when a finger touches a hot object.
(2)

13
*P67075RA01328* Turn over
(b) Some neurones do not have a myelin sheath.
A scientist investigates the impulse speed for neurones with different diameters.
She does this for neurones with a myelin sheath and neurones without a myelin
sheath.
The graph shows the scientist’s results.

myelin sheath
6

Impulse speed
4
in m per s
no myelin sheath

0
0 1 2 3 4
Diameter of neurone in μm

(i) Which conclusion is supported by the graph?

(1)
A impulses are always faster in neurones with a myelin sheath

B neurones always have a myelin sheath

C wider neurones have a myelin sheath

D wider neurones have faster impulses

(ii) A neurone with a myelin sheath has a diameter of 1.0 µm.

Use the graph to determine the speed of an impulse in this neurone.
(1)

speed = ............................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . m per s

14
*P67075RA01428*
(iii) The neurone is 90 cm long.
Calculate the time taken for an impulse to travel along this neurone.
Give your answer in standard form.
(3)

time = ............................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . s

(Total for Question 6 = 9 marks)

15
*P67075RA01528* Turn over
7 Scientists investigate the effect of salt (NaCl) concentration on the germination of
maize seeds.
Batches of seeds are watered with different concentrations of salt solution.
They count the number of seeds that germinate in each batch 12 days after sowing.
They then determined the percentage germination.
(a) (i) Describe how the scientists could tell if a maize seed had germinated.
(1)

(ii) The scientists measured the germination after 12 days.

State two other abiotic variables that the scientists need to control in their
investigation.
(2)

1 ............................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2 ............................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(b) The table shows the scientists’ results.

Concentration of salt solution Percentage germination

in mmol (%)

0 89

20 83

40 81

80 73

120 68

160 55

200 52

240 49

280 43

320 38

16
*P67075RA01628*
(i) Plot a line graph to show the effect of concentration of salt solution on
germination.
Use a ruler to join your points with straight lines.
(5)

(ii) Explain the effect of increasing the concentration of salt solution on

germination.
(4)

17
*P67075RA01728* Turn over
(c) As plants grow, they produce roots and stems.
(i) Compare the responses of roots and stems to gravity.
(2)

(ii) Compare the responses of roots and stems to light.

(2)

(Total for Question 7 = 16 marks)

18
*P67075RA01828*
BLANK PAGE

19
*P67075RA01928* Turn over
8 The table shows data on crops grown and pesticide used in Norway in 2011.

Total Percentage of area sprayed with

Crop type Crop area each type of pesticide (%)
in km2 herbicide fungicide insecticide
potato 128 92 88 40
vegetable onion 7 99 96 26
carrot 13 93 42 73

strawberry 14 72 87 80
fruit
apple 13 56 80 70

meadows meadows for mowing and pastures 6207 6 – –

barley 1450 91 64 10
oats 694 94 24 4
cereals
spring wheat 588 98 86 27
winter wheat 139 96 85 7

(a) State what is meant by the term pesticide.

(1)

(b) Determine which crop had the largest area sprayed with herbicide.
Show your working.
(2)

largest area = .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . km2

crop = ......................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

20
*P67075RA02028*
(c) Suggest why spring and winter wheat have different percentages of insecticide
applied to them.
(2)

(d) Discuss the different combinations of pesticides applied to fruit and cereal crops.
(4)

(e) Explain an alternative to insecticide that a farmer could use.

(2)

(Total for Question 8 = 11 marks)

21
*P67075RA02128* Turn over
9 Sickle cell anaemia is a condition in which some of the person’s red blood cells
develop abnormally.
The diagram shows red blood cells from a healthy person and red blood cells from a
person with sickle cell anaemia.

cells from a healthy person cells from a person with sickle cell anaemia

(Source: © solar22/Shutterstock)

(a) A person with sickle cell anaemia often suffers pain as some of their blood vessels
become blocked by the sickle cells.
(i) Suggest why the person’s blood vessels may become blocked.
(1)

(ii) People with sickle cell anaemia have symptoms of tiredness and joint pain
that get worse if they are exposed to cold temperatures and high altitudes.
Suggest why these symptoms get worse.
(3)

22
*P67075RA02228*
(b) Sickle cell anaemia is caused by a single recessive allele.
(i) State what is meant by the term recessive.
(1)

(ii) A man and a woman who are both heterozygous for the sickle cell allele have
a child.
Calculate the probability that the child will be female and not have sickle cell anaemia.
(2)

probability = ......................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(c) Sickle cell anaemia is more common in countries where malaria is found. This
is because having an allele for sickle cell anaemia can reduce the likelihood of
developing malaria.
Which type of organism causes malaria?
(1)
A bacterium

B fungus

C plant
D protoctist

(d) What is the name of the pigment found in red blood cells?
(1)
A chlorophyll

B haemoglobin

C iron

D magnesium

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*P67075RA02328* Turn over
(e) Give two differences in structure between red blood cells and white blood cells.
(2)

1 ............................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2 ............................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(Total for Question 9 = 11 marks)

24
*P67075RA02428*
BLANK PAGE

25
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10 Substances can move into and out of cells by a variety of mechanisms.
(a) Explain the factors that affect the rate of movement of substances into and out
of cells.
(5)

26
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(b) Describe the differences between diffusion and active transport.
(4)

(Total for Question 10 = 9 marks)

27
*P67075RA02728* Turn over
11 Bread can be produced from flour using yeast.
Design an investigation to find out if changing the starch content of the flour causes
the bread to expand more.
Your answer should include experimental details and be written in full sentences.
(6)

(Total for Question 11 = 6 marks)

TOTAL FOR PAPER = 110 MARKS

28
*P67075RA02828*
Please check the examination details below before entering your candidate information
Candidate surname Other names

Centre Number Candidate Number

Pearson Edexcel
International GCSE (9–1)

Wednesday 8 January 2020

Afternoon (Time: 2 hours) Paper Reference 4BI1/1B 4SD0/1B

Biology
Unit: 4BI1
Science (Double Award) 4SD0
Paper: 1B
You must have: Total Marks
Calculator, ruler

Instructions
• Use black ink or ball‑point pen.
• centre
Fill in the boxes at the top of this page with your name,
number and candidate number.
• Answer allthequestions.
Answer
• – there may bequestions in the spaces provided
more space than you need.
• Show all the steps in any calculations and state the units.
• mind about
Some questions must be answered with a cross in a box . If you change your
an answer, put a line through the box and then mark your new
answer with a cross .

Information
• The total mark for this paper is 110.
• The marks for each question are shown in brackets
– use this as a guide as to how much time to spend on each question.

Advice
• Read each question carefully before you start to answer it.
• Try toyour
Write answers neatly and in good English.
• Checkanswer every question.
• your answers if you have time at the end.
Turn over

*P59937A0132*
P59937A
©2020 Pearson Education Ltd.

1/1/1/1/1/1/1/1/
Answer ALL questions.

1 The diagram shows a forest food web.

coyote

tick blue jay waxwing

deer
mouse
caterpillar

grass

red oak cranberry bush

(a) (i) How many producers are shown in this food web?
(1)
A one
B three
C four
D nine

(ii) How many secondary consumers are shown in this food web?
(1)
A one
B three
C four
D seven

2
*P59937A0232*
(b) The coyote uses some of its senses to catch deer.
(i) Name the sense that uses receptor cells in the retina.
(1)

(ii) A coyote runs 530 metres in 30.0 seconds trying to catch a deer.
Calculate the speed of this coyote in metres per second.
(2)

speed = ..................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . m/s

(c) The coyote will not catch the deer if too much lactic acid builds up in its muscles.
Explain why lactic acid builds up in the coyote’s muscles when it runs.
(2)

(Total for Question 1 = 7 marks)

3
*P59937A0332* Turn over
2 Organisms can be classified into groups based on their features.
(a) State three differences between eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms.
(3)

1.............................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2.............................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3.............................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(b) Give an example of a disease caused by a protoctist.

(2)

name of protoctist .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

name of disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(Total for Question 2 = 5 marks)

4
*P59937A0432*
3 Squirrels are animals that live in woodland. They feed on nuts produced by the trees.
The diagram shows a squirrel eating a nut.

(a) Describe a method you could use to show that the nut contains fat.
(3)

5
*P59937A0532* Turn over
(b) The table lists substances found in two types of nut, A and B.
The mass of each substance is given in milligram per gram of nut.

Mass of substance in milligram per gram of nut

Substance
nut A nut B

carbohydrate 167 143

protein 150 78

fat 587 693

fibre 96 86

iron 0.05 0.03

(i) Explain the role of fibre in the squirrel’s diet.

(2)

(ii) Explain which nut is better at helping the squirrel make red blood cells.
(2)

(iii) Nut A has a mass of 28.0 grams.

Calculate the total mass of carbohydrate in this nut.
(2)

total mass of carbohydrate = ............................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . grams

6
*P59937A0632*
(c) The graphs show the number of squirrels, foxes and trees in a woodland in 2010 and in 2018.

2010 2018

20 20

number of 15 number of 15
organisms organisms
per km2 10 per km2 10

5 5

squirrels foxes trees squirrels foxes trees

types of organism types of organism

Discuss possible reasons why there is a decrease in the number of squirrels from 2010 to 2018.
Use information from the graphs and your own knowledge in your answer.
(5)

(Total for Question 3 = 14 marks)

7
*P59937A0732* Turn over
4 Enzymes are biological molecules that act as catalysts in metabolic reactions.
(a) (i) State what is meant by the term catalyst.
(1)

(ii) State what is meant by the term metabolic.

(1)

(b) A teacher investigates the effect of enzyme concentration on the rate of a reaction.
He uses the enzyme catalase, which is found in potato.
He changes the enzyme concentration by adding different numbers of potato discs.
Catalase breaks down hydrogen peroxide solution into water and oxygen.
This is his method.
● cut same-sized discs from a potato
● put 5 cm3 of hydrogen peroxide solution into each of five test tubes
● add a different number of potato discs to the hydrogen peroxide
● measure the volume of oxygen gas produced in three minutes
The teacher repeats each test four times for each concentration.
He then calculates the mean rate of oxygen production for each concentration.
The table shows his results.

Enzyme concentration Mean rate of oxygen production

(number of potato discs) in cm3 per minute

2 2.0

4 4.4

6 7.0

8 8.2

10 8.2

8
*P59937A0832*
(i) Plot a line graph to show the effect of enzyme concentration on the mean rate
of oxygen production.
Use a ruler to join the points with straight lines.
(5)

(ii) Explain the effect of increasing enzyme concentration on the rate of oxygen production.
(3)

9
*P59937A0932* Turn over
(iii) Name a piece of apparatus suitable for measuring the volume of oxygen produced.
(1)

(iv) Explain why it is important for the teacher to keep the volume and concentration
of the hydrogen peroxide constant.
(2)

(v) Name another variable the teacher should keep constant in his investigation.
(1)

(Total for Question 4 = 14 marks)

10
*P59937A01032*
BLANK PAGE

11
*P59937A01132* Turn over
5 Farmers can increase their crop yield by growing crops in a temperature controlled glasshouse.
(a) (i) Explain how increasing the temperature can result in an increase in crop yield.
(2)

(ii) Farmers sometimes use a type of heater that burns gas or oil to raise the
temperature of their glasshouse to improve crop yield.
Explain why they use this type of heater to improve crop yield.
(2)

(b) Some farmers also add chemical fertilisers to their crops in a glasshouse.
(i) Different minerals are added to chemical fertilisers. Explain one mineral that
should be added to these fertilisers.
(2)

12
*P59937A01232*
(ii) Discuss why some farmers limit the amount of chemical fertilisers they add to
their crops.
(5)

(Total for Question 5 = 11 marks)

13
*P59937A01332* Turn over
BLANK PAGE

14
*P59937A01432*
6 The human liver produces bile.
(a) Explain the role of bile in digestion.
(4)

(b) These are the three main blood vessels attached to the liver.
● hepatic artery
● hepatic vein
● hepatic portal vein
How many of these blood vessels transport deoxygenated blood from the liver?
(1)
A 0
B 1
C 2
D 3

15
*P59937A01532* Turn over
(c) A scientist investigates the glucose concentration in a person’s hepatic portal vein and
hepatic vein after the person has eaten a meal.
This is the scientist’s method.
● give a person a meal to eat
● after one hour take a blood sample from the hepatic portal vein and a
blood sample from the hepatic vein
● measure the glucose concentration in both samples
● after five hours take another blood sample from each of the two veins
● measure the glucose concentration in both samples
The table shows the scientist’s results.

Concentration of glucose in blood sample

in mmol per dm3
Time in hours
hepatic portal vein hepatic vein

1 9.0 6.6

5 5.0 7.1

(i) After one hour, the concentration of glucose in the hepatic portal vein is higher
than the concentration of glucose in the hepatic vein.
Explain this difference in concentration.
(3)

16
*P59937A01632*
(ii) After five hours, the concentration of glucose in the hepatic vein is higher
than the concentration of glucose in the hepatic portal vein.
Explain this difference in concentration.
(2)

(Total for Question 6 = 10 marks)

17
*P59937A01732* Turn over
7 The diagram shows a male fruit fly with long wings and a female fruit fly with long wings.

male female

Wing length in these flies is controlled by a gene with two alleles.

The dominant allele (L) produces long wings and the recessive allele (l) produces short wings.
A male and a female fruit fly mate.
The table shows the number of male and female offspring with long wings and short wings.

Phenotype Number of offspring

male with long wings 38

male with short wings 10

female with long wings 36

female with short wings 15

(a) Which of these describes the genotypes of the parent fruit flies?
(1)
A both are heterozygous
B both are homozygous
C both have long wings
D one is heterozygous and one is homozygous

18
*P59937A01832*
(b) (i) Genetic diagrams are used to show how sex is inherited.
Complete the genetic diagram to show that equal numbers of male and female offspring
are produced.
(2)

X Y

(ii) Explain why the results of the cross might not produce exactly equal numbers of
male and female offspring.
(2)

19
*P59937A01932* Turn over
(c) Fruit flies feed on decomposing fruit.
The smell of the fruit attracts the fruit flies.
Design an investigation to find out if the smell of decomposing apples attracts
fruit flies more than the smell of decomposing bananas.
Include experimental details in your answer and write in full sentences.
(6)

(Total for Question 7 = 11 marks)

20
*P59937A02032*
BLANK PAGE

21
*P59937A02132* Turn over
8 The diagram shows a section through a leaf with different parts labelled P to U.

Q
R

thickness Magnification
of leaf × 100

U
T S

(a) (i) Which part of the leaf transports amino acids?

(1)
A R
B S
C T
D U

(ii) Which part absorbs the most sunlight?

(1)
A P
B Q
C R
D S

(iii) Which part transports the products of photosynthesis?

(1)
A Q
B R
C S
D T

(iv) Which part reduces the amount of water escaping?

(1)
A P
B Q
C R
D S

22
*P59937A02232*
(b) Explain how the structure and position of cells in parts R and T help the leaf
to photosynthesise.
(4)

(c) The diagram of the leaf section is magnified 100 times.

Determine the actual thickness of the leaf.
(2)

thickness = ..................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . mm

23
*P59937A02332* Turn over
(d) The photograph shows water lilies, plants that float on the surface of ponds.

Suggest why the leaves of the water lily only have stomata on their upper surface.
(2)

(Total for Question 8 = 12 marks)

24
*P59937A02432*
9 Phagocytes and lymphocytes are white blood cells involved in the immune response.
(a) Explain the role of lymphocytes in the immune response.
(3)

(b) Phagocytes ingest bacteria.

Explain what happens to bacteria after they have been ingested by phagocytes.
(3)

25
*P59937A02532* Turn over
(c) A scientist uses this method to investigate how vitamin C affects ingestion of
bacteria by phagocytes.
● add different concentrations of vitamin C solution to three test tubes
● add distilled water to a fourth test tube
● add phagocytes to each tube
● leave the tubes for one day
● add 10 cm3 of a culture of non‑pathogenic bacteria to each tube
● keep each tube at 35 °C for two hours
● measure the number of bacteria ingested

The graph shows the scientist’s results.

300

250
number of
bacteria ingested
in two hours
200

150
0 0.5 1.0
concentration of vitamin C in arbitrary units

(i) Which of these is the rate of ingestion of bacteria in the control?

(1)
A 85 per hour
B 140 per hour
C 170 per hour
D 280 per hour

(ii) State the independent variable in this investigation.

(1)

26
*P59937A02632*
(iii) State two biotic variables the scientist should control.
(2)

1.............................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2.............................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(iv) The scientist concludes that vitamin C in a person’s diet will protect people from
pathogens.
Comment on this conclusion.
(4)

(Total for Question 9 = 14 marks)

27
*P59937A02732* Turn over
10 (a) The diagram shows some of the structures involved in fertilisation in a flowering plant.

pollen grain
A

(i) Name the parts labelled A, B and C.

(3)

A .......................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

B ........................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

C .......................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(ii) On the diagram, draw the path the pollen tube takes after the pollen grain
has germinated.
(2)

28
*P59937A02832*
(iii) Describe what happens to the structures in part C after fertilisation.
(2)

(b) A scientist investigates the effect of four different storage conditions on

the germination of grass seeds.
She stores 500 seeds in each storage condition for two months.
She then counts the number of seeds that germinate when planted.
The table shows her results.

Storage condition Number of seeds that germinate

wet and cold 476

dry and cold 444

dry and warm 440

wet and warm 432

(i) Calculate the percentage increase in the number of seeds that germinate in
wet and cold conditions compared to the number of seeds that germinate in
wet and warm conditions.
(2)

percentage increase = .............................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . %

29
*P59937A02932* Turn over
(ii) Suggest why fewer seeds germinate when they are stored in wet and warm conditions
than in the other conditions.
(2)

(iii) Give one observation that shows a seed has germinated.

(1)

(Total for Question 10 = 12 marks)

TOTAL FOR PAPER = 110 MARKS

30
*P59937A03032*
BLANK PAGE

31
*P59937A03132*
BLANK PAGE

32
*P59937A03232*
Please check the examination details below before entering your candidate information
Candidate surname Other names

Centre Number Candidate Number

Pearson Edexcel
International GCSE (9–1)

Tuesday 12 May 2020

Afternoon (Time: 2 hours) Paper Reference 4BI1/1B 4SD0/1B

Biology
Unit: 4BI1
Science (Double Award) 4SD0
Paper: 1B
You must have: Total Marks
Calculator, ruler

Instructions
• Use black ink or ball-point pen.
• centre
Fill in the boxes at the top of this page with your name,
number and candidate number.
• Answer allthequestions.
Answer
• – there may bequestions in the spaces provided
more space than you need.
• Show all the steps in any calculations and state the units.
• mind about
Some questions must be answered with a cross in a box . If you change your
an answer, put a line through the box and then mark your new
answer with a cross .

Information
• The total mark for this paper is 110.
• The marks for each question are shown in brackets
– use this as a guide as to how much time to spend on each question.

*P62037A0128*
P62037A
©2020 Pearson Education Ltd.

1/1/1/1/1/1/1/1/1/1/
Answer ALL questions.

1 The bacterium H. pylori causes stomach ulcers.

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(a) The diagram shows this bacterium.

(i) Which of these is found in this bacterium?

(1)
A cellulose
B chitin

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C cytoplasm
D nucleus

(ii) The bacterium has evolved to release an enzyme called urease.

The action of the bacterium neutralises the acid in the stomach.
What is the pH changed to?
(1)
A 1
B 2
C 7
D 12 DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

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2
*P62037A0228*
(iii) Use the theory of evolution by natural selection to explain how H. pylori bacteria
could have evolved to produce urease.
(4)
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3
*P62037A0328* Turn over
(b) Probiotics are live microorganisms that can have health benefits when consumed.
Scientists investigate the ability of probiotics and cranberry juice to reduce the growth

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of H. pylori.
The scientists give various treatments to a group of people who have H. pylori.
The treatments are given daily for three weeks.
The scientists measure the mean percentage reduction of H. pylori for each treatment.
The table shows the scientists’ results.

Treatment Mean percentage (%) reduction in H. pylori

probiotics 14.9
cranberry juice 16.9
probiotics and cranberry juice 22.9
control 1.5

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Give two conclusions from these results.
(2)

(Total for Question 1 = 8 marks)

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4
*P62037A0428*
2 The passage describes reproduction in flowering plants.
Complete the passage by writing a suitable word in each blank space.
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(8)

Flowers are organs that allow plants to carry out ............................................................................................. reproduction.

The male gamete is contained within the ............................................................................................. grains. These grains

are released from the . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .............................................................. , which is found on top of the filament.

These grains need to land on the ............................................................................................. , the female part of the flower.

Grains can be transferred by wind or by animals. These animals are often insects such as
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....................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... or butterflies. The petals of insect-pollinated plants are often

....................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... and brightly coloured. After pollination, the grains

germinate and a tube grows down the ............................................................................................. to reach the ovary.

In the ovary, the gametes fuse. This process is known as ............................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(Total for Question 2 = 8 marks)

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5
*P62037A0528* Turn over
3 (a) A student uses a light microscope to look at a human cheek cell.
The student makes this drawing of the cell.

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Name the organelle shown in the drawing.
(1)

(b) Mitochondria are organelles that are too small to be seen using a light microscope.

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The drawing shows a mitochondrion that has been magnified.

60 mm

The actual length of this mitochondrion is 6 µm.

[1 µm = 0.001 mm]
Calculate the magnification of this drawing.
(2)

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magnification = ......................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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(c) The table gives information about mitochondria in different human cells.
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Mean number of Mean volume of Mean number of

Cell mitochondria cell mitochondria
per cell in µm3 per µm3

heart muscle 5000 15 000

sperm 75 30 2.50

egg 600 000 4 000 000 0.15

(i) What is the mean number of mitochondria per µm3 in a heart muscle cell?
(1)
A 0.33
B 3
C 10 000
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D 75 000 000

(ii) Comment on the differences in the data for the sperm and for the egg.
(3)

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(Total for Question 3 = 7 marks)

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4 The diagram shows a food chain in the Antarctic ocean.

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Not to scale

whale

krill

microscopic plants

(a) (i) Which term describes the trophic level of the krill?
(1)
A predator

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B prey
C primary consumer
D secondary consumer

(ii) Draw a labelled pyramid of biomass to represent this food chain.

(2)

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(b) The microscopic plants float in seawater, but also grow on the lower surface of ice.
The krill feed on the microscopic plants.
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They remove microscopic plants from the lower surface of the ice at a rate of
1.6 cm2 per second.
Calculate the time taken for the krill to remove microscopic plants from one
square metre of ice.
Give your answer in minutes.
(2)
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time taken = ................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . minutes

(c) A student investigates the rate that krill feeding removes microscopic plants
floating in seawater.
Suggest how the student could do this investigation in a laboratory.
(4)

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(d) Krill obtain most of their food from microscopic plants growing on the lower surface
of ice.

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Explain how global warming could affect the whale population in the Antarctic ocean.
(4)

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................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(Total for Question 4 = 13 marks)

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5 Plants can be genetically modified (GM) to produce insect poison.
They are modified using a bacterium called Agrobacterium.

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This bacterium has a plasmid that contains recombinant DNA.
(a) Describe how the plasmid is modified to contain recombinant DNA.
(3)

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(b) A farmer can use either of these methods to improve his crop yield.
● grow GM plants that produce the insect poison
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● grow non-GM plants and use pesticides

The farmer decides to grow the GM plants rather than using pesticides.
Discuss the decision made by the farmer.
(6)

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(Total for Question 5 = 9 marks)

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6 Aerobic respiration is a process in living organisms.
(a) Which of these is the balanced chemical symbol equation for aerobic respiration?

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(1)
A C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2
B C6H12O6 2C2H5OH + 2CO2
C C6H12O6 + 6CO2 6O2 + 6H2O
D C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O

(b) A student uses this apparatus to investigate aerobic respiration in a locust.

coloured water drop

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filter paper soaked in
a liquid to absorb CO2

locust

(i) The coloured water drop moves during the investigation.

Explain why the coloured water drop moves during the investigation.
(2)

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(ii) The student compares the aerobic respiration of male and female locusts.
He uses three male locusts and three female locusts.
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He uses locusts of the same age and the same species.

Explain three other variables that the student needs to control.
(6)

1 ............................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2 ............................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3 ............................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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(c) The table shows the student’s results.

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Distance moved by coloured water drop in mm
male female

trial 1 5.0 5.4

trial 2 4.9 5.2

trial 3 2.0 5.2

mean 5.0

(i) Complete the table by giving the missing mean value.

(1)
(ii) Comment on the reliability of the data in the table.
(3)

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(Total for Question 6 = 13 marks)

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7 The table gives the masses of protein and lipid (fat) in the same volume of milk from a cow
and from a human.

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Protein in g Lipid in g

cow 3.3 3.9

human 1.3 4.1

(a) Describe how you would test a sample of cow’s milk and a sample of human milk
to show they contain different masses of protein.
(2)

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(b) Some of the proteins in milk are antibodies.

Explain why antibodies in milk are useful for babies.
(2)

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(c) Give two ways that lipid in milk is used by babies.
(2)
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(d) Milk is used to make yoghurt.

(i) Name the carbohydrate in milk used to make yoghurt.
(1)

(ii) Name the bacteria added to milk to make yoghurt.

(1)
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(iii) Explain why milk needs to be heated to a high temperature at the start of the
process for making yoghurt.
(2)

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(Total for Question 7 = 10 marks)

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8 Cell division can be by meiosis or by mitosis.
(a) (i) Where are cells dividing by meiosis found in a human?

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(1)
A kidney
B penis
C skin
D testis

(ii) Which part of a flowering plant is usually used to demonstrate cells dividing by mitosis?
(1)
A anther
B cotyledon
C root tip
D xylem

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(b) The table lists features comparing the processes of meiosis and mitosis in human cells.
Complete the table by giving the missing information.
(6)

Feature Meiosis Mitosis

number of chromosomes in each original cell 46

number of daughter cells produced from each

2
original cell

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genetic differences in daughter cells present

type of cell produced body cell

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(c) Cell division can cause variation in offspring.
(i) Describe other causes of variation in offspring.
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(3)

(ii) Scientists investigating a drug treatment use rats that are homozygous for many genes.
Suggest the advantages of using rats that are homozygous for many genes.
(2)
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(Total for Question 8 = 13 marks)

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9 (a) The table shows the production of wheat and barley in the United Kingdom from
2011 to 2015.

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Crop production
Crop in thousand tonnes per year

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

wheat 15 300 13 200 11 900 16 600 16 100

barley 5 500 5 500 7 100 6 900 7 300

(i) Plot a line graph to show the changes in wheat and barley production from
2011 to 2015.
Use a ruler to join the points with straight lines.
(6)

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(ii) Describe the changes in the production of each crop from 2011 to 2015.
(2)
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(iii) Determine which of the crops had the greatest percentage change in production
from 2011 to 2015.
Show your working.
(3)
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(b) A wheat field, 100 m by 100 m, can produce a total yield of 25 000 kg of carbohydrate
in a year.
Calculate the mean mass, in grams, of carbohydrate produced each day by a square metre
of the wheat field.
(2)
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mean mass = ............... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . g

(Total for Question 9 = 13 marks)

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10 (a) The diagram shows three types of neurone.

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A B C

(i) Give the names of these neurones.

(3)

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A ............................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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C ........................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(ii) Explain the role of these neurones in the withdrawal reflex of a finger from a
hot object.
(3)

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(b) A teacher uses this method to estimate the speed of a nerve impulse.
● students stand in a circle and hold hands
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● student A in the circle starts a timer and at the same time squeezes the hand
of student B on his left
● when student B feels his hand being squeezed, he immediately squeezes the
hand of the student on his left
● this process continues around the circle of students until student A feels his
hand being squeezed and he stops the timer
(i) Explain what other measurements the teacher would need to make in order
to calculate the speed of a nerve impulse.
(2)

(ii) Describe whether the teacher’s method is likely to give an accurate estimate
of the speed of a nerve impulse.
(2)

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(Total for Question 10 = 10 marks)

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11 Some cosmetic companies claim that adding argan oil to their shampoo increases the
strength of human hair.

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Design an investigation to find out if argan oil shampoo does increase the strength of
human hair.
Include experimental details in your answer and write in full sentences.
(6)

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................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(Total for Question 11 = 6 marks)

TOTAL FOR PAPER = 110 MARKS

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28
Please check the examination details below before entering your candidate information
Candidate surname Other names

Centre Number Candidate Number

Pearson Edexcel
International GCSE (9–1)

Tuesday 14 May 2019

Afternoon (Time: 2 hours) Paper Reference 4BI1/1B 4SD0/1B

Biology
Unit: 4BI1
Science (Double Award) 4SD0
Paper: 1B
You must have: Total Marks
Calculator, ruler

Information
• The total mark for this paper is 110.
• The marks for each question are shown in brackets
– use this as a guide as to how much time to spend on each question.

*P58564RA0132*
P58564RA
©2019 Pearson Education Ltd.

1/1/1/1/1/
Answer ALL questions.

1 This is a three-dimensional diagram of a plant cell.

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A B
mitochondria

cytoplasm

C
E D

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(a) Name the structures labelled A, B, C, and D.
(4)

A ............................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ................................ ........................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

B ............................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

C ........................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ................................ ........................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

D ........................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(b) Structure E is a chloroplast.

Chloroplasts are not found in animal cells.
(i) Give the letter of another structure shown in the diagram but not found in
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animal cells.
(1)

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(ii) Explain why some plant cells contain many chloroplasts, some plant cells
contain few chloroplasts and some plant cells contain no chloroplasts.
(3)
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(c) Ribosomes are found in plant cells and in animal cells.

Name the process that occurs at the ribosomes.
(1)

(Total for Question 1 = 9 marks)

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2 The photograph shows a type of fish called a salmon.
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(Source: © Alexander Raths/Shutterstock)

Some humans eat salmon as a source of protein.

Protein is a component of a balanced diet.

(a) Which statement describes what happens to salmon protein in the human stomach?
(1)
A it is digested into amino acids
B its surface area is increased by bile
C its pH is raised by hydrochloric acid
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D it is absorbed by villi

(b) The table lists other components of a balanced diet and their functions.
Complete the table by giving a function of each component.
The first one has been done for you.
(3)

Component Function

lipid store of energy

vitamin D
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iron

fibre

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(c) A student investigates the effect of genetic modification on the growth of salmon.
The student measures the mass and length of one normal salmon and one

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genetically modified salmon when both salmon are 18 months old.
The table shows the student’s results.

Type of salmon Mass in g Length in cm

normal 1250 33
genetically modified 3000 61

(i) It is recommended that a 15-year-old person needs 50 g of protein per day for
a balanced diet.
A normal salmon contains 20% protein.
Calculate how many 15-year-olds can have their recommended daily allowance
of protein supplied by the 18-month-old normal salmon.
(2)

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number = ......................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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(ii) The student concludes that his results show that genetically modified (GM) salmon
are useful in providing a balanced diet.
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Discuss the student’s conclusion.

(6)

(d) The passage describes the role of enzymes involved in the genetic modification of salmon.
Complete the passage by writing a suitable word in each space.
(3)

All salmon contain a length of DNA called a ............................................................................................. , which controls the
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production of growth hormone. Another length of DNA, from a different species of fish, is cut out

using a .......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............... enzyme. This DNA is then joined to the salmon DNA

using an enzyme called . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .......................................................... .

This causes the salmon to produce growth hormone at all times.

(Total for Question 2 = 15 marks)

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3 The diagram shows a food web.
herring gulls

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skunks
sandpipers
rats

ghost crabs

mud worms

zooplankton

diatoms
(a) Use information from the food web to complete the table.
The first one has been done for you.
(3)

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number of organisms 8

number of producers

number of primary consumers

number of food chains

(b) Explain why the energy in the mud worms is not all transferred to the organisms
that eat them.
(4)

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(c) The diagram shows sandpipers feeding.
Sandpipers have long beaks so that they can dig for worms in the mud.
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(Source: © Birchside www.fotosearch.com)

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Explain how sandpipers evolved to have long beaks.

(4)

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(Total for Question 3 = 11 marks)

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4 This apparatus can be used to show osmosis.

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glass tube

sucrose solution

water

partially permeable membrane

(a) Explain what happens to the level of the sucrose solution in the glass tube.
(3)

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(b) Describe how this apparatus could be modified to measure the rate of osmosis at
different temperatures.
(3)

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(Total for Question 4 = 6 marks)

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5 Wheat seeds contain stores of a large insoluble molecule.
This molecule is digested by amylase as the seeds germinate.

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(a) What is the name of this large insoluble molecule?
(1)
A glucose
B lipid
C protein
D starch

(b) A student investigates the oxygen absorbed by germinating seeds at different temperatures.
The diagram shows some of the student’s apparatus.

syringe
scale

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tap

coloured liquid

germinating tube
seeds

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soda lime

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(i) Suggest why the student opens the tap after obtaining one set of results.
(2)
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(ii) What is the function of the soda lime?

(1)

A it absorbs carbon dioxide

B it absorbs oxygen
C it releases carbon dioxide
D it releases oxygen
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(iii) The student measures the distance moved by the coloured liquid and converts this
to volume of oxygen absorbed.
The volume of oxygen absorbed can be calculated using the formula
volume = π × radius2 × distance
Calculate the volume of oxygen absorbed when the coloured liquid moves a
distance of 6.0 mm.
[diameter of tube = 1.0 mm]
(3)
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volume = ..................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . cm3

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(c) The graph shows the results of the student’s investigation.

1.6 germinating seeds at 22 °C

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1.4
1.2
oxygen absorbed
in cm3 1.0
0.8 germinating seeds at 12 °C

0.6
0.4
0.2
0
0 5 10 15 20

time in minutes

(i) Calculate the percentage increase in the rate of oxygen absorption at 22 °C

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compared to the rate of oxygen absorption at 12 °C.
(2)

percentage = ....................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(ii) Suggest why the rate of oxygen absorption is greater at 22 °C than at 12 °C.
(2)
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................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

(Total for Question 5 = 11 marks)

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6 The diagram shows a sperm cell from a rat.

A B
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(a) (i) Describe the role of a sperm cell.

(1)

(ii) Describe the structures found in part B.

(2)
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(iii) Explain why part A contains many mitochondria.

(2)

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(b) Nicotine is a chemical found in cigarettes.
A scientist investigates how nicotine affects sperm cells.

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The scientist gives male rats different concentrations of nicotine.
He then calculates the percentage of damaged sperm cells in the semen
produced by each rat.
The table shows his results.

Concentration of nicotine Percentage of

in mg per kg of rat damaged sperm cells (%)
0.0 6.4

0.5 16.8

1.0 24.8

(i) The sample of semen from a rat given a nicotine concentration of 1.0 mg per kg

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contains 5.8 × 107 sperm cells.
Calculate the number of damaged sperm cells in this sample.
(2)

number = ....................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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(ii) The scientist concludes that cigarette smoking could make male humans infertile.
Discuss this conclusion.
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(5)

(Total for Question 6 = 12 marks)

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7 (a) A student investigates the sugar content of four different fruit juices.
This is the student’s method.

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• add 5 cm3 of fruit juice to a boiling tube
• add 5 cm3 of Benedict’s solution to the boiling tube
• place the boiling tube in a water bath at 70 °C for three minutes
• remove the boiling tube and record the colour of the solution
The student uses this method for each of the four fruit juices.
The table shows the student’s results.

Colour of solution after heating

Fruit juice
for three minutes
A blue

B brick red

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C yellow

D green

(i) Give two variables that the student controls in his investigation.
(2)

(ii) Give the juices A, B, C and D in order of sugar content, from highest to lowest.
(2)

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highest lowest

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(iii) The student is now given sugar solutions with concentrations of 1%, 5%, 10%
and 20%.
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Explain how the student could use these solutions to estimate the
concentration of sugar in the four fruit juices.
(3)

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(b) Some fruit juices contain high concentrations of sugar.
These fruit juices increase the number of bacteria in the mouth.

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This may lead to an increase in tooth decay.
(i) Suggest why high concentrations of sugar may increase tooth decay.
(2)

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(ii) Explain another health risk to children who drink fruit juices with high
concentrations of sugars.
(2)

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8 A scientist investigates the effect of exercise on breathing rate.
She measures the breathing rate in breaths per minute of two people, P and Q, every

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5 minutes for 30 minutes.
This is her method.
• measure their breathing rate every 5 minutes while they exercise for 20 minutes
• measure their breathing rate every 5 minutes for a further 10 minutes while
they recover from the exercise
The table shows her results.

Breathing rate in breaths per minute

Time in minutes
Person P Person Q
0 12 15
5 20 24
10 22 24

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15 25 23
20 24 20
25 16 19
30 12 15

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(a) (i) Plot a line graph of the results for person P and person Q.
Use a ruler to join your points with straight lines.
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(6)
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(ii) Explain the change in breathing rate during exercise.

(3)

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(iii) Explain why the breathing rates of persons P and Q remain high for five minutes
after they have finished exercising.
(2)

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(b) The time taken to recover from exercise is often a good measure of fitness.
The scientist concluded that person P is much fitter than person Q.
Comment on the validity of this conclusion.

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(4)

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(Total for Question 8 = 15 marks)

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9 Pollution can occur in the atmosphere and in rivers.
(a) Carbon monoxide can pollute the atmosphere.

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Describe the effects of carbon monoxide pollution on humans.
(3)

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(b) Water pollution can occur if sewage enters a river.
Explain the biological consequences of sewage pollution on a river ecosystem.
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(6)

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(Total for Question 9 = 9 marks)

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10 (a) Animals produce hormones to communicate between cells.
(i) Which hormone causes the development of secondary sexual characteristics in girls?

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(1)
A adrenaline
B oestrogen
C progesterone
D testosterone

(ii) Which hormone causes an increased blood flow to the muscles during exercise?
(1)
A adrenaline
B insulin
C progesterone
D testosterone

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(iii) Which of these is a correct statement about hormones?
(1)
A they always produce short-term changes
B they are carried by neurones
C they are transported in the plasma
D they always produce a rapid response

(b) Plants produce plant growth substances such as auxin.

Suggest why some biologists do not consider auxin to be a hormone.
(2)

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(c) Plant growth substances stimulate root growth from a cut stem.
Describe an investigation to find the best concentration of plant growth substance
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to stimulate root growth.

You should include experimental details in your answer and write in full sentences.
(6)

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(Total for Question 10 = 11 marks)

TOTAL FOR PAPER = 110 MARKS

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*P58564RA03032*
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30
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*P58564RA03232*
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32
Please check the examination details below before entering your candidate information
Candidate surname Other names

Pearson Edexcel Centre Number Candidate Number

International
Advanced Level

Tuesday 14 May 2019

Morning (Time: 3 hours) Paper Reference WAC11/01

Accounting
International Advanced Subsidiary
Paper 1: The Accounting System and Costing

You must have: Total Marks

Source Booklet (enclosed)

Instructions
• Use black ink or ball-point pen.
• centrethe
Fill in boxes at the top of this page with your name,
number and candidate number.
• Answer both questions in Section A and three questions from Section B.
• AllAnswer
calculations must be shown.
• – there may
the questions in the spaces provided
be more space than you need.
• Do not return the Source Booklet with the question paper.
Information
• The total mark for this paper is 200.
• – usemarks
The for each question are shown in brackets
this as a guide as to how much time to spend on each question.
• Calculators may be used.
• The source material for use with Questions 1 to 6 is in the enclosed source
booklet.

Advice
• Read each question carefully before you start to answer it.
• Check your answers if you have time at the end.
Turn over

1/1/1/1/1/1/1/1/1/1/1/1/1
SECTION A
Answer BOTH questions in this section.
Source material for Question 1 is on pages 2 to 4 of the Source Booklet.
1 (a) Prepare the Departmental Statement of Profit or Loss and Other Comprehensive
Income showing the profit or loss for the shop and the timber yard for the year
ended 30 April 2019. Your answer should be in columnar format; a total column
is not required.
(22)

2
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................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3
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(b) Prepare the Statement of Financial Position at 30 April 2019.
(13)

4
*P56556A0436*
................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5
*P56556A0536* Turn over
The owner of Bob’s Material is concerned that the timber yard sales have fallen by
20% in the year and is considering closing the timber yard and expanding the shop.
(c) Evaluate whether Bob’s Material should close the timber yard.
(12)

6
*P56556A0636*
................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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*P56556A0736* Turn over
The owner of Bob’s Material is considering including £50 000 of goodwill in his
financial statements. The owner believes that this will increase his profits and remove
his bank overdraft.
(d) (i) Define the term goodwill.
(2)

(ii) State two examples of goodwill.

(2)

1 ............................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................... ................................................................................................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2 ............................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................... ................................................................................................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(iii) State two reasons why goodwill is not normally recorded in the books.
(2)

1 ............................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................... ................................................................................................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2 ............................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................... ................................................................................................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(iv) State the effect on each of the following if goodwill is retained in the books:
(2)
• profit/loss for the year

• bank overdraft.

(Total for Question 1 = 55 marks)

8
*P56556A0836*
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QUESTION 2 BEGINS ON THE NEXT PAGE.

9
*P56556A0936* Turn over
Source material for Question 2 is on pages 6 to 8 of the Source Booklet.
2 (a) Prepare the trial balance at 30 April 2019, including the calculation of the capital.
(10)

Samantha
Trial balance at 30 April 2019

Dr Cr

£ £

Revenue

Purchases

Returns inwards

Returns outwards

Discount allowed

Bad debts

Bad debts recovered

General expenses

Inventory

Trade receivables

Allowance for doubtful

debts

Trade payables

Bank overdraft

Non-current assets (at cost)

Provision for depreciation

–non-current assets

Drawings

Capital

10
*P56556A01036*
(b) State two possible reasons why Mel has a credit balance on her account.
(2)

1 ............................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................... ................................................................................................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2 ............................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................... ................................................................................................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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During April 2019 there was a bad debt and a bad debt recovered. The details were as
follows:
3 April 2019 Sanjay was declared bankrupt and Samantha received a cheque for
£30. The balance of the debt was irrecoverable.
15 April 2019 Received a cheque for £200 from Westley for a bad debt that Samantha
had written off as irrecoverable in a previous financial year.
(d) Prepare the journal to include bank entries for the:
(i) bad debt of Sanjay on 3 April 2019
Narratives are not required.
(3)

(ii) bad debt recovered from Westley on 15 April 2019.

Narratives are not required.
(4)

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(e) Evaluate the use of control accounts.
(12)

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................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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*P56556A01436*
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QUESTION 2 (F) CONTINUES ON THE NEXT PAGE.

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Samantha always applies the appropriate accounting concepts and conventions
when preparing her financial statements.
(f ) Explain the accounting concept or convention that Samantha applies to her
financial statements for each of the following.
(1) She charges money taken for personal use to her drawings account and not
to the general expenses account.
(2) She uses only one method to depreciate non-current assets.
(3) Non-current assets are recorded in the books at their purchase price until they
are sold.
(4) Debts are considered irrecoverable when Samantha is informed that the
debtor may be bankrupt.
(5) The financial statements do not contain any valuations for her skill and
experience.
(6) She does not assume that profit is made until the goods are sold to a
customer.
(12)

1 ............................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................... ................................................................................................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2 ............................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................... ................................................................................................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3 ............................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................... ................................................................................................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16
*P56556A01636*
4 ............................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .......................... ................................................................................................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5 ............................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................... ................................................................................................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6 ............................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................... ................................................................................................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(Total for Question 2 = 55 marks)

TOTAL FOR SECTION A = 110 MARKS

17
*P56556A01736* Turn over
SECTION B
Answer THREE questions from this section.
Indicate which question you are answering by marking a cross in the box . If you change your
mind, put a line through the box and then indicate your new question with a cross .

If you answer Question 3 put a cross in the box .

Source material for Question 3 is on pages 10 and 11 of the Source Booklet.
3 (a) State the meaning of the following terms:
(4)
• liquidity

• profitability.

(b) Calculate, using the information at 31 March 2019, the:

(i) current ratio
(2)

(ii) liquid (acid test) ratio

(2)

18
*P56556A01836*
(iii) gross profit as a percentage of revenue
(2)

(iv) profit for the year as a percentage of revenue

(2)

(v) percentage return on capital employed.

(2)

(c) Comment on the sufficiency of the:

(2)
• liquidity

• profitability.

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*P56556A01936* Turn over
(d) Calculate the:
• revenue for April 2019
• inventory at 30 April 2019
• expenses for April 2019
• profit for the month of April 2019.
(8)

Workings Answer

Revenue for April 2019

Inventory at 30 April 2019

Expenses for April 2019

Profit for the month of

April 2019

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*P56556A02036*
(e) Evaluate the use of ratios in determining the success of a business.
(6)

(Total for Question 3 = 30 marks)

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If you answer Question 4 put a cross in the box .
Source material for Question 4 is on pages 12 to 13 of the Source Booklet.
4 (a) Explain the difference between inventory valuation and inventory rotation.
(4)

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*P56556A02236*
(b) Prepare the Manufacturing Account for the month of March 2019.
(16)

23
*P56556A02336* Turn over
................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

24
*P56556A02436*
(c) Explain how an adjustment to the provision for unrealised profit would be treated
in the:
(4)
• statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income

• statement of financial position.

25
*P56556A02536* Turn over
(d) Evaluate the use of Last In First Out (LIFO) when prices of raw materials are rising.
(6)

(Total for Question 4 = 30 marks)

26
*P56556A02636*
If you answer Question 5 put a cross in the box .
Source material for Question 5 is on pages 14 and 15 of the Source Booklet.
5 (a) Explain the difference between a semi-fixed overhead and a semi-variable
overhead.
(4)

27
*P56556A02736* Turn over
(b) Prepare the Projected Statement of Profit or Loss and Other Comprehensive
Income for the year ended 30 April 2020.
(16)
Projected Statement of Profit or Loss and Other Comprehensive Income
for the year ended 30 April 2020

Eastville Northern
Weston Store Total
Store Store

£ £ £ £

Revenue

Cost of sales

Gross profit

Wages

Advertising

Rent payable

Overheads

Profit for the year

28
*P56556A02836*
(c) State for Expand-it one cost that is an example of a:
• variable cost
• semi-variable cost
• semi-fixed cost
• fixed cost.
(4)
Variable cost

Semi-variable cost

Semi-fixed cost

Fixed cost

29
*P56556A02936* Turn over
(d) Evaluate the usefulness to Expand-it of preparing projections for the
following year.
(6)

(Total for Question 5 = 30 marks)

30
*P56556A03036*
If you answer Question 6 put a cross in the box .
Source material for Question 6 is on pages 16 and 17 of the Source Booklet.
6 (a) Prepare the capital accounts of the partners after all adjustments at 1 May 2018.
(7)

31
*P56556A03136* Turn over
(b) Prepare the Statement of Financial Position of the partnership at 1 May 2018.
(8)

32
*P56556A03236*
(c) State how each of the following would be treated if there had been no
partnership agreement between the partners.
• Loan from Able
• Salary
• Interest on drawings
• Share of profit or loss
(4)
Loan from Able

Salary

Interest on drawings

Share of profit or loss

33
*P56556A03336* Turn over
At the end of the first year of trading ended 30 April 2019, the following information
was available:
• profit for the year £20 800
• drawings
Able £7 500
Baker £19 000 including salary paid.
(d) Prepare the appropriation section of the Statement of Profit or Loss and Other
Comprehensive Income for the year ended 30 April 2019.
(5)

34
*P56556A03436*
One of the partners stated that “There are many advantages of forming a partnership
and no disadvantages”.
(e) Evaluate the partner’s statement.
(6)

(Total for Question 6 = 30 marks)

TOTAL FOR SECTION B = 90 MARKS

TOTAL FOR PAPER = 200 MARKS

35
*P56556A03536*
BLANK PAGE

36
*P56556A03636*
Pearson Edexcel International Advanced Level

Tuesday 14 May 2019

Morning (Time: 3 hours) Paper Reference WAC11/01

Accounting
International Advanced Subsidiary
Paper 1: The Accounting System and Costing

Source Booklet
Do not return this Source Booklet with the question paper.

Turn over

1/1/1/1/1/1/1/1/1/1/1/1/1
SECTION A
Answer BOTH questions in this section.
1 Bob’s Material is a retailer of building materials.
Bob’s Material has two departments, a shop and a timber yard.
The following balances were available for the year ended 30 April 2019.
£
Revenue
Shop 231 000
Timber yard 149 000
Purchases
Shop 156 000
Timber yard 124 000
Inventory 1 May 2018
Shop 16 300
Timber yard 9 200
Non-current assets (at cost)
Fixtures and fittings- Shop 17 000
Equipment- Timber yard 36 000
Delivery lorry 24 000
Provisions for depreciation
Fixtures and fittings- Shop 8 500
Equipment – Timber yard 21 000
Delivery lorry 14 000
Wages
Shop 16 700
Timber yard 11 600
Shop repainting 800
Management salary 22 000
Rent, rates and insurance 17 000
Delivery lorry running expenses 8 000
Trade receivables 27 500
Commission receivable- Shop 9 500
Trade payables 41 000
General expenses 11 400
Bank overdraft 24 800
Capital 20 000
Drawings 19 100
Bad debts 2 200

2
P56556A
The following information was available at 30 April 2019.
(1) A sale of goods from the shop, with a list price of £5 000, had been recorded as
a sale of goods from the timber yard. The customer had been given a 20% trade
discount.
(2) During the year the shop was repainted. Paint, costing £700 was taken from the
shop inventory to carry out the repainting.
(3) Inventory:
Shop £14 600
Timber yard £25 200
(4) Rent of £2 000 is accrued and insurance of £1 000 is prepaid.
(5) Commission receivable for the shop of £3 000 is outstanding.
(6) On 20 April 2019 equipment in the timber yard costing £12 000, and with an
accumulated depreciation of £9 000 was sold for £3 000, the payment being
received by cheque.
Replacement equipment for the timber yard costing £16 000 was purchased on
the 20 April 2019 and was paid for by cheque.
No record of either transaction had been recorded in the books.
(7) Depreciation is charged on all non-current assets owned at the end of the year as
follows:
• shop fixtures and fittings at the rate of 10% using the straight line method
• timber yard equipment at the rate of 20% using the reducing balance method
• delivery lorry at the rate of 25% using the straight line method.
(8) Expenses are apportioned between the shop and the timber yard as follows:

Expense Basis Shop Timber yard

Management salary Employees 3 2

Rent, rates and insurance Floor area 2 500sqm 7 500sqm

Delivery lorry running expenses Percentage usage 15% 85%

General expenses Revenue To be calculated To be calculated

Bad debts Bad debts incurred £1 950 £250

3
P56556A
Turn over
Required
(a) Prepare the Departmental Statement of Profit or Loss and Other Comprehensive
Income showing the profit or loss for the shop and the timber yard for the year
ended 30 April 2019. Your answer should be in columnar format; a total column
is not required.
(22)
(b) Prepare the Statement of Financial Position at 30 April 2019.
(13)
The owner of Bob’s Material is concerned that the timber yard sales have fallen by
20% in the year and is considering closing the timber yard and expanding the shop.
(c) Evaluate whether Bob’s Material should close the timber yard.
(12)
The owner of Bob’s Material is considering including £50 000 of goodwill in his
financial statements. The owner believes that this will increase his profits and remove
his bank overdraft.
(d) (i) Define the term goodwill.
(2)
(ii) State two examples of goodwill.
(2)
(iii) State two reasons why goodwill is not normally recorded in the books.
(2)
(iv) State the effect on each of the following if goodwill is retained in the books:
(2)
• profit/loss for the year
• bank overdraft.

(Total for Question 1 = 55 marks)

4
P56556A
BLANK PAGE

SOURCE MATERIAL FOR QUESTION 2 IS ON PAGES 6 TO 8.

5
P56556A
Turn over
2 Samantha is in business buying and selling goods on credit. The following balances
were available for the month ended 30 April 2019.
£
Revenue 5 000
Purchases 2 700
Returns inwards 450
Returns outwards 210
Discount allowed 120
Bad debts 50
Bad debts recovered 200
General expenses 1 250
Inventory 600
Trade receivables 2 990
Allowance for doubtful debts 300
Trade payables 1 900
Bank overdraft 730
Non-current assets (at cost) 4 100
Provision for depreciation
–non-current assets 3 000
Drawings 550
Capital To be calculated

6
P56556A
Required
(a) Prepare the trial balance at 30 April 2019, including the calculation of the capital.
(10)
Samantha prepares a trade receivables control account each month.
The following additional information is available for April 2019:
(1) Trade receivable account balances
1 April 2019 30 April 2019
£ £
Binham 1 600 Dr 2 300 Dr
John 970 Dr 750 Dr
Mel 90 Cr 60 Cr
Sanjay 80 Dr -
(2) Other information
£
Cheques received from customers 4 170
(including bad debt recovered)
Interest charged to Binham for an overdue account 20
Required
(b) State two possible reasons why Mel has a credit balance on her account.
(2)
(c) Prepare the Trade Receivables Control Account for the month of April 2019.
(12)
During April 2019 there was a bad debt and a bad debt recovered. The details were as
follows:
3 April 2019 Sanjay was declared bankrupt and Samantha received a cheque for
£30. The balance of the debt was irrecoverable.
15 April 2019 Received a cheque for £200 from Westley for a bad debt that
Samantha had written off as irrecoverable in a previous financial year.
Required
(d) Prepare the journal to include bank entries for the:
(i) bad debt of Sanjay on 3 April 2019
Narratives are not required.
(3)
(ii) bad debt recovered from Westley on 15 April 2019.
Narratives are not required.
(4)
(e) Evaluate the use of control accounts.
(12)

7
P56556A
Turn over
Samantha always applies the appropriate accounting concepts and conventions
when preparing her financial statements.
(f ) Explain the accounting concept or convention that Samantha applies to her
financial statements for each of the following.
(1) She charges money taken for personal use to her drawings account and not
to the general expenses account.
(2) She uses only one method to depreciate non-current assets.
(3) Non-current assets are recorded in the books at their purchase price until they
are sold.
(4) Debts are considered irrecoverable when Samantha is informed that the
debtor may be bankrupt.
(5) The financial statements do not contain any valuations for her skill and
experience.
(6) She does not assume that profit is made until the goods are sold to a
customer.
(12)

(Total for Question 2 = 55 marks)

TOTAL FOR SECTION A = 110 MARKS

8
P56556A
BLANK PAGE

SOURCE MATERIAL FOR SECTION B QUESTIONS ARE ON THE FOLLOWING PAGES.

9
P56556A
Turn over
SECTION B
Answer THREE questions from this section.
3 Raza is in business buying and selling goods on credit.
The following balances were provided on 31 March 2019
£
Revenue 80 000
Purchases 60 000
Inventory 1 April 2018 18 000
Expenses 7 000
Trade payables 27 000
Trade receivables 38 000
Capital 120 000
Bank 4 000
5 year 8% bank loan 20 000
Additional information at 31 March 2019
Expenses of £3 000 are to be accrued
Inventory £12 000
Required
(a) State the meaning of the following terms:
• liquidity
• profitability.
(4)
(b) Calculate, using the information at 31 March 2019, the:
(i) current ratio
(2)
(ii) liquid (acid test) ratio
(2)
(iii) gross profit as a percentage of revenue
(2)
(iv) profit for the year as a percentage of revenue
(2)
(v) percentage return on capital employed.
(2)
(c) Comment on the sufficiency of the:
• liquidity
• profitability.
(2)

10
P56556A
On 1 April 2019 Raza increased his mark-up to 40%. The following is a summary of the
transactions for April 2019:
• purchases were £10 000
• goods costing £15 000 were sold
• expenses of £11 000 were paid.
Additional information at 30 April 2019
Expenses of £4 000 are prepaid
Required
(d) Calculate the:
• revenue for April 2019
• inventory at 30 April 2019
• expenses for April 2019
• profit for the month of April 2019.
(8)
(e) Evaluate the use of ratios in determining the success of a business.
(6)

(Total for Question 3 = 30 marks)

11
P56556A
Turn over
4 Willow Timber manufactures wooden products for the garden.
The following information was available for March 2019.
(1) Raw material inventory on 1 March 2019 was 400 metres of wood at a cost of
£50 per metre.
Purchases for the month were 300 metres at £55 per metre delivered on
1 March 2019.
30 metres of the delivery on 1 March 2019 were considered defective and were
returned to the supplier.
250 metres were used in production in the month.
Willow Timber values inventory on the Last In First Out (LIFO) basis.
(2) There were a total of six manufacturing employees in March 2019 each working
180 hours in the month.
All employees were paid at the rate of £7 per hour.
Three of the manufacturing employees worked 14 hours each in the month
undertaking stores duties.
Two of the manufacturing employees worked 9 hours each in the month
maintaining production equipment.
(3) Willow Timber’s overheads for the month of March 2019 were:

Total cost (£) Manufacturing Administration

Management salary 17 500 6 employees 4 employees

Rent, rates and insurance 15 000 1600 sq mtrs 2400 sq mtrs

cost of cost of
Depreciation 9 000 equipment equipment
£45 000 £15 000

(4) Work in progress was valued by an estimate of raw materials and direct labour
used in uncompleted products at the beginning and end of the month. These
were:
1 March 2019 31 March 2019
Raw materials 10 metres 8 metres
Direct labour 30 hours 25 hours
(5) The production for March was transferred to finished goods at an agreed value of
£48 000

12
P56556A
Required
(a) Explain the difference between inventory valuation and inventory rotation.
(4)
(b) Prepare the Manufacturing Account for the month of March 2019.
(16)
(c) Explain how an adjustment to the provision for unrealised profit would be treated
in the:
• statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income
• statement of financial position.
(4)
(d) Evaluate the use of Last In First Out (LIFO) when prices of raw materials are rising.
(6)

(Total for Question 4 = 30 marks)

13
P56556A
Turn over
5 Expand-it is a retailer. In the year ended 30 April 2019 Expand-it had two stores in
Eastville and Northern.
The following information was available for the year ended 30 April 2019.
Statement of Profit or Loss and Other Comprehensive Income
for the year ended 30 April 2019

Eastville Store Northern Store Total

£ £ £

Revenue 365 000 300 000 665 000

Cost of sales (305 000) (250 000) (555 000)

Gross profit 60 000 50 000 110 000

Wages 10 000 16 000 26 000

Advertising 11 000 9 800 20 800

Rent payable 12 000 15 000 27 000

Overheads 14 000 14 000 28 000

(47 000) (54 800) (101 800)

Profit for the year 13 000 (4 800) 8 200

For the following year, ended 30 April 2020, Expand-it will open a third store, Weston.
Expand-it prepared the following projections for the year ended 30 April 2020.
(1) The additional store to be opened in Weston is estimated to have a revenue of
£400 000
(2) Revenue of the Eastville Store will remain unchanged but revenue of the Northern
Store will increase by 15%.
(3) The cost of sales for ALL stores will reduce due to increased purchase volumes.
The mark-up in the Northern Store will be 25%. The percentage gross profit to
revenue in the Eastville Store will be 20% and in the Weston Store will be 26%.
(4) Wages in the Eastville Store will be 6% of revenue and in the Northern Store will
increase by £1 000 for the year. Wages in the Weston Store will be 7% of revenue.
(5) Advertising will be £5 000 per store plus 2% of the revenue of that store.
(6) Rent payable will increase by 5% for the Eastville Store and 8% for the Northern
Store. The rent payable for the Weston Store will be £18 000 for the year.
(7) Total overheads will cost £30 000 plus £10 000 for each additional £200 000 of
total revenue above £400 000, up to total revenue of £1 000 000. The overheads
will be divided equally between the three stores.

14
P56556A
Required
(a) Explain the difference between a semi-fixed overhead and a semi-variable
overhead.
(4)
(b) Prepare the Projected Statement of Profit or Loss and Other Comprehensive
Income for the year ended 30 April 2020. Complete the table in your question
paper.
(16)
(c) State for Expand-it one cost that is an example of a:
• variable cost
• semi-variable cost
• semi-fixed cost
• fixed cost.
(4)
(d) Evaluate the usefulness to Expand-it of preparing projections for the following
year.
(6)

(Total for Question 5 = 30 marks)

15
P56556A
Turn over
6 Able and Baker had each traded as sole traders for many years.
On 1 May 2018 the sole traders had the following assets and liabilities in their books:
Able Baker
£ £
Goodwill 12 000 -
Non-current assets (at carrying value) 14 000 18 000
Inventory 9 500 15 500
Trade payables 7 000 10 500
Trade receivables 6 500 11 500
Bank 8 000 Cr 3 000 Dr
On 1 May 2018 Able and Baker formed a partnership. Before opening the books of
the new partnership the following assets were revalued:
• £2 000 of the trade receivables of Able were considered irrecoverable
• The inventory of Baker was reduced in value by £2 500
The partnership agreement stated that:
• goodwill would not be retained in the books of the partnership
• the capital of Able would be reduced by £5 000 which would be retained in the
partnership as a 10% loan, repayable in April 2024
• Baker would take £4 000 of his capital out of the new partnership by cheque
• there would be no interest on capital
• a salary would be paid to Baker of £9 000 per annum
• interest on drawings, excluding salary payments, would be charged at 8% per
annum
• profits and losses would be shared Able 1/3, Baker 2/3.
Required
(a) Prepare the capital accounts of the partners after all adjustments at 1 May 2018.
(7)
(b) Prepare the Statement of Financial Position of the partnership at 1 May 2018.
(8)
(c) State how each of the following would be treated if there had been no
partnership agreement between the partners.
• Loan from Able
• Salary
• Interest on drawings
• Share of profit or loss
(4)

16
P56556A
At the end of the first year of trading ended 30 April 2019, the following information
was available:
• profit for the year £20 800
• drawings
Able £7 500
Baker £19 000 including salary paid.
(d) Prepare the appropriation section of the Statement of Profit or Loss and Other
Comprehensive Income for the year ended 30 April 2019.
(5)
One of the partners stated that “There are many advantages of forming a partnership
and no disadvantages”.
(e) Evaluate the partner’s statement.
(6)

(Total for Question 6 = 30 marks)

TOTAL FOR SECTION B = 90 MARKS

TOTAL FOR PAPER = 200 MARKS

17
P56556A
BLANK PAGE

18
P56556A
BLANK PAGE

19
P56556A
BLANK PAGE

20
P56556A

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