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100 views344 pagesThematic Vocabulary - Misztal
Uploaded by
Ewa CzajkowskaCopyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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Available Formats
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/ 344
= =
Cry
|
Ct»)
—
|
——
<6)
(Geseme
*
|
ey mH.
xm.
XIV.
XV. +
. SEA TRAVEL .
XVII.
XVLL.
. SPORTS .
CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
INTRODUCTION
TO THE TEACHER .
TOTHESTUDENT. . . .
HOW TO WORK WITH THIS. BOOK.
TESTS
|, AIR TRAVEL,
Tt.
ANIMALS .
ARMY
. CLOTHING
. CRIME AND PUNISHMENT .
vi.
Vu.
VuI. oo
. HEALTH AND MEDICINE. -
. HISTORY
XL
XIr.
EDUCATION
FOOD, COOKING AND RESTAURANTS -
GARDENING .
HOUSE AND HOME.
MONEY AND BANKING .
PLANTS -
POST OFFICE AND TELFPHONES .
RELIGION .
SHOPPING. . .
SOCIALIZING AND PASTIMES -
KEY -
INDEX
wou
16
29
36
58
0
118
124,
162
vw
203
2
218
223
229
236
254
281
289
344 Tests
I. Air Travel
Johnny was making his first plane flight. The plane was up about 5,000 metres
when the pilot sent it into a nose dive; it was headed straight for the city below.
Pulling out of the dive, the pilot turned to Johnny and laughed:
“] bet fifty per cent of these people down there thought we were going to
crash.”
“Yes,” said Johnny, “and Ill bet fifty per cent of the people up here thought
‘90, too.”
*
Air Hostess: “Yow'll have to change twice, in Frankfurt and in New York,
before you get to Los Angeles.”
Hick From The Country: ‘Goodness me! And I’ve only brought the clothes ’'m
standing up in!”
IL 1. AIR TRAVEL, Maich the names with the pictures.
1. The plane circled over the airport until the . ©... was clear.
a)highway b) landing —c) runway —d) terminal
2. All flights in and out of the airport came toa ..... because of the strike.
a) closure b) conclusion —c) standstill —_d) stoppage
3. Mf you carry too much luggage, the airline will charge an ..... baggage fee.
a) additional —b) excess. sc) extra.‘ d) over
4. British Airways ..... the departure of Flight 222 to Warsaw.
a) advertise b) advise) announce —d) notice
5. When you get to the airport, your luggage will have to be ..... :
a) balanced —b) estimated ~—c) sealed ~— dd) weighed
6, Because of the fog, our flight was from Heathrow to York Airport.
a) deflected b) diverted ¢) replaced d) reverted
7. The check ..’... time at the airport was eight o'clock.
a)by b)in c)out d)up
8 The ..... from the airport was very tiring as we had to drive through the fog.
a)crossing b) flight c) ride_—d) voyage
, Hs very strange but I had a(n) ..... that the plane would crash.
a) intuition b) omen _¢) prediction _d) premonition
©
12 ae
il.
It takes a while to..... to your surroundings after a long flight.
a) adjust ‘b) balance ¢) fit d) settle
Much stricter ..... must now be taken at all airports against hijacking.
a) alarms —_) precautions —_¢) protections —_d) warnings
12. The air hostess told the passengers to ..... their seat belts.
13.
14.
15.
16,
17.
24,
25.
26.
27.
a) attach b) fasten =) fix —d) tie
To fly big passenger airliners ..... long training and experience.
a) calls for b) orders c) picks up d) requisitions
‘The plane was ..... towards the runway when the fire started.
a) heading. b) landing _c) sailing _—_) soaring
The ..... from Warsaw to New York takes nine hours.
a) flying b) journey —c) passage —d) voyage
I'm afraid your luggage is ten kilos ..... ; you will have to pay extra.
a)above b) excess. c) heavy _—d) overweight
A passenger is not allowed to ..... a lethal weapon when flying by a civilian airliner.
a) behaving b) be owning) carry _—d) control
|. Nobody ..... that aeroplane crash.
a)died bj lived} recovered —_d) survived
). Our ..... was delayed owing to bad weather conditions. ~
a) airline 'b)airway c) flight d) runway
When our flight was delayed, we all had a meal at the airline’s ..... :
a) account .- b) cost ) expense) finance
. Please, ...”.. from Smoking until the plane is airborne.
a)exclude b) refrain cc) restrain —_d) resist
We..... to announce a further delay in the departure of flight BE-555.
a) apologise b} mourn ¢) regret d) repent
Tickets booked on this flight are not ..... .
a) assignable 6) moveable —¢) passable ~—d) transferrable
If you want a cheap air ticket you must ..... well in advance.
a) book b) buy —c) engage _—d) reserve
He couldn't ..... his fear of flying.
a) overcome b) succeed cc) triumph —d) win
The stewardess ..... ¢ screaming child.
a) corrected b) cured. c) recovered —_d) soothed
le was a great..... to go up in a helicopter for the first time.
a) incident —b) rise) suspense) thrill
. Nothing could ..... me to fly except in a case of extreme emergency.
a)encourage b) induce) influenced) recommend
13 3. AIR TRAVEL. Answer the clues. The number of letters is given.
1. an area of land where aircraft can land and take off, be kept, repaired, ete. (7)
2. a trip by aeroplane, especially carrying passengers on a regular service (6)
3. a member of the cabin staff who looks after the passengers’ needs (7)
4. the act of leaving the ground by an aeroplane (7)
5. a person who flies an aeroplane; captain (5)
6. a big building where planes are kept (6)
7. the act of coming down onto the ground again from the air (7)
8. the science or practice of flying (8)
9. ail the people working on an aeroplane (4)
0. a plane without an engine (6)
** 4, PARTS OF THE AIRCRAFT. Match the indicated parts of the aircraft with their names.
-. cockpit -- fin « fuselage s+ hatch
--- nose ..- rudder --. undercarriage
14 5. AIR TRAVEL. Put each of the following words or phrases into its correct place in the passage
below.
air vents cabin captain carry
co-pilot crew cruising speed distances
flight flight engineer galley jet-propelled
passenger passenger list safety belts seats
size tourist stewardesses take-off
trip
Airliner
Airliners, or ..... planes, differ from light planes not only in ..... but also in speed and
equipment. They are designed to ..... a greater number of people over longer ..... without
stopping to refuel.
A passenger airliner has a comfortable ..... with soft carpets, adjustable uphol-
stered ....., washrooms, and individual ..... and reading lights. It has a..... for pre-
paring food. Many airlines offer .
first-class travel.
The . ..... of four-engine airliners range from about 350 mph for propeller-driven planes to
more than 500 mph for ..... planes. ~
The of an airliner works as a team to make the trip smooth and pleasant. While the
passengers take their seats, the pilot or , co-pilot, flight engineer, and stewardesses
prepare the plane for ..... . The pilot, assisted by the ..... , checks the instruments and tests
the controls, The ..... checks the other mechanical eq ent. The stewardesses check
the ....., make sure that the passengers fasten their ~ Later, the ..... i
enjoyable.
-, or economy class service, which costs less than
for
bute magazines, serve meals, and do other things to make the . “Mother”, asked Kate, “is it correct to say ‘water a horse’ when he is thirsty?”
“Yes, dear, quite correct.”
“Then, I am going to milk the cat.”
*
“Talking of ants”, said the American storyteller, “we've got them as big as
crabs out West.”
“They don’t compare with the ants I saw in the Far East,” said another
traveller. “The natives haye trained them as beasts of burden. One of them could
carry a ton for miles with ease. They worked willingly, but occasionally they
turned on their attendants and killed them.”
But this was stretching credulity a bit too far.
“T say,” said one of the listeners, unbelieving, “what sort of ants are they?”
“Eleph-ants,” replied the traveller. ** 6. ANIMALS. Which is the odd man out?
v
w
-
x
~
10.
il.
12,
13.
. Which of these is not a mammal?
a) bat) snail) whale) wild pig .
Which of these is not a rodent?
a) hedgehog —b) mouse. c) rat_—) squirrel
. Which of these is not an insect?
a) cockroach b) flea c) moth_—d) shrimp
Which of these is not a reptile?
a) alligator) frog) lizard ~—d) turtle
). Which of these is not a bird?
a) sparrow —b) spider.) stork d) swan
. Which of these has spots rather than stripes?
a)leopard b)skunk —c) tiger__—d) zebra
|. Which of these hasn't got horns?
a) bull b) camel c) deer_—d) elk
. Which of these doesn’t sting?
a)ant —b) bee ¢) butterfly 4) scorpion
. Which of these cannot fly?
a)hawk >) ostrich) pigeon —d) swallow
Which of these is not a cat?
a) jaguar) leopard) puma _—_) squirrel
Which of these is not a shellfish?
a) lobster b) plaice. =<) prawn — dd) shrimp.
Which of these is not a pedigree domestic dog?
a) collie b) greyhound c) mongrel d) poodle
Which of these has most legs?
a) beetle) centipede —¢) snaked) spider
. Which of these is not a fresh-water fish?
a)carp b) herring) salmon _—_d) trout
}. Which of these is not a mythical creature?
a) dragon b) mermaid) octopus_—_d) unicorn
** 7, GENDER OF ANIMALS. Give the feminine or masculine, as required, of the following
animals.
Abul 6, hen ey to
2 dog Tlio = =. es
3. duck Bram
4. fox 9. stag ad
5. goose 10. stallion _.___e
7 “* 8, BIRDS, Match the bird with its description.
1.
2.
canary a. is yellow and sings in a cage
cuckoo b. the most célebrated song bird
cagle c. has a magnificent tail
gull d. a wise bird with big eyes
lark e. sings high in the sky
magpie f, haunts seas and big rivers
nightingale g- Can carry messages
ostrich ‘h. lays eggs in other birds’ nests
owl i. white with red beak and legs, delivers babies
. peacock j. cannot fly
|. pigeon k. a black and white thief .
. stork 1. a white one is the symbol of Poland
4*9. ANIMALS, Choose the correct answer.
10.
11.
12.
.... of cattle graze fertile plains.
a) flocks -b) herds c) packs) swarms
. Cattle and chicken are ..... animals,
a) domesticated) farm —c) tame —) wild
. The tiger had very sharp ..... :
a) claws —b) fangs c) hooves.) paws
. The lioness lay in wait for her ..... .
a) game b) prey cc) target d) victim
. When he was exploring the forest, he was bitten by a ..... .
a) frog b) rabbit c) snaked) worm
. High in the skya ..... of birds was flying southward.
a)collection b) company) flock d) swarm
. The horses have returned to their ..... after the morning exercise.
a) barns. b) kennels c) sheds_—d) stables
. The magpie pecked hard at the ground with its ..... to get at the worms.
a) beak —b) fangs c) lips d) mouth
. A great... of bees settled on our apple tree during a storm.
a) buzz -b) crowd —c) flock.) swarm
The blue, yellow and green of the bird’s splendid winter ..... stood out against the
background of snow
a)coat bj dress.) feather —d) plumage
Most animals in captivity have to be fed and ..... at least twice a day.
a) drowned —b) drunk —) liquidated —_d) watered
Be careful! There’s a wasps’ nest, Don't ..... it
a) blast. b) disturb) interfered) thrill
B 13. The zoo attendant opened the cage and tried to ..... the animal back in.
a)coax b) convince c) induce -—d) seduce
14. The deer in the National Park are so accustomed to being fed by visitors that they
are quite ......
a) domestic b) passive) tame —_—d) trainéd
15. Most ..... birds are more brilliantly coloured than their wives.
a)husband b) male ~—c) masculine —d) master
16. Many people think it is wrong to put animals behind ..... .
a) bars b) poles ch rails) wires
17. The noise of my footsteps ..... the deer and it ran away.
a) amazed bj paralyzed —c) shocked —_—d) startled
18, Wild ducks always fly ina “V".....
a) figure b) formation) formula _—_) shape
19. You will not find kangaroos anywhere else on ..... but in Australia.
a)earth b) ground cc) soil_~—_-d) world
20. Children easily learn to distinguish elephants from other animals because of their
long ..... .
a) beaks. b) nozzles <) snouts d) trunks
21. The ant is a very industrious ..
a) animal —b) beast. —¢) creation _d) insect
22. A hosse gets rid of ..... by flicking its tail.
a) ants b) butterflies) flies. d) spiders
23. Visitors to the zoo are asked not to ..... the lions, °
a) bite b) fret. c)nag_—d) tease
** 10, YOUNG ANIMALS. For each animal below give the name of its young from the following
list. Some names can be used more than once and in some cases there is more than one
answer.
calf chick chicken colt cub:
duckling fawn filly foal gosling
kid kitten lamb nestling piglet puppy
1. bird 2. cat
3. cow 4, deer
5. dog 6. duck.
7. elephant 8. fox
9. goat 10. hen
1. horse 12, lion
a. (newborn)
b. (young stallion)
c. (young mare)
13. pig 14, sheep
15. wolf it.
a
7
~
°
. A good hen .
ANIMALS. Choose the best answer.
. The horse hurt one of its ..... in the race.
a)claws by heels) hooves) paws
Awe, of sheep crossed in front of our car and blocked the road.
a) bunch bd) crowd =) Mock ~—d) pack
. The wild animal ..... savagely at the piece of meat.
ajeat bj severed ec) split, d) tore
. Modern farm animals are the result of centuries of selective ..... .
a) breeding) cultivation —¢) mating _d) reproduction
. The koala bear’s ..... consists almost entirely of eucalyptus leaves and shoots.
a) diet b) digestion c) nourishment d) nutrition
He was ..... by a bee when he went too close to the hive.
a) bitten b) pricked c)stung d) tom
A leopard has spots and a tiger has 2... .
a) bands b) streaks —c) stripes. -—_ dd) strips
‘six or seven eggs a week,
a}lays b}lies —c) places _—_d) reproduces
The children went to the zoo and saw the monkeys in their -
a) boxes bycages sc) dens_—sd) pits
One of the tigers has got ..... . Warn everyone of the danger!
a) escaped b) loose~—c} loosened ~—d) ost.
. The elephant fell into the ..... the hunters had set for it.
a)trail —b) trap) trick d) trip
** 12, ANIMAL HABITAT. Choose the correct names of the places where the following animals
Been awake
ih
12.
13,
14,
15.
live or are kept, In some cases there is more than one answer.
ants a) anthill —_b) ant-heap ©) coop
. beavers a) dam b) lair ©) lodge
bees a) coop b) hive c) butch
birds a) aviary b) kennel ©} nest
captive animals a) cage b) menagerie ——c) zoo
pet fish a) aquarium —_b) coop ©) warren
cows a) barn b) kennel ©) shed
. dogs a) hive b} coop c) Kennel
foxes a) earth b) kennel ) lair
. hens 4) coop >) run c) shed
horses a) den b) paddock ¢) stable
fions a) den b) lair ©) warren
pigs a) aviary b) kennel ©} sty
rabbits a) den b) hutch ©) warren
wasps a) hive b) hutch c) nest
20 * 13, ANIMALS. Choose the correct answer.
1. A number of gulls were ..... effortlessly high above the cliffs.
a) coasting b) floating —c) gliding —_d) soaring
2. Crocodiles and alligators are ..... .
a) crustaceans b) herbivores c)mammals _—d) reptiles
Only after buying the cottage did we discover that it was ..... with mice.
a) infected b) infested c) inflicted ~—d) invaded
‘The sheep were herded intoa..... to protect them from stray dogs.
a)cage b) hutch = c) kennel ~—d) fold
I'm sure there are spiders in your room; look at those ..... in the corner.
a) cobwebs b) nets ) meshes d) networks
The animals taken to the slaughterhouse must be killed by ..... methods.
a)human b) humane ~—c) humanistic —_d) humble
‘On the beach the crabs ..... from rock pool to rock pool.
a) scuttled b) shuffled ¢) stole d) strutted
BAL. hatches from an egg laid by a butterfly or moth.
a) caterpillar b) maggot c}toad = d) worm
9... that mosquito if it settles on my arm.
a)slap b) smack —¢) stab_-—d) swat
10. There is an old horse ..... over there, where animals could drink on the way to market.
a) gutter b)moat c) trench ~—d) trough
11. Crows and vultures are ..... living on carrion.
a) amphibians —b) predators —_c) parasites. _—_d) scavengers
12. The frightened horse began to . away from the snake.
a)fear b)shy c) throw__—d) tip
13. Wolves were ..... mournfully in the nearby forest.
a) barking 6) growling) howling —_—_d) roaring
14, Rabbits and mice are .....
a) amphibians b) carnivores) reptiles _—_d) rodents
15. We could hear the hens ..... in the farmyard.
a) chattering bj chirping sc) clacking—_d) clucking
16, When it saw the dog by the water, the heron ..
a) flapped b) flipped ~—c) folded ~—d) wagged
17. Look at the marks on the cherries where the birds have .....
a) bitten b) gnawed ¢) nibbled. d) pecked
18. As he walked through the fields, he heard sheep
a) bleating) braying —c) roaring _—_d) shrieking
19. The snake ..... smoothly through the long grass,
a)crept b) glided ¢) skidded -—d) strolled
20. The bird had its nest ona ..... halfway down the cliff.
a)bump —b) ledge ~—c) shelf —d) sill
y
cS
a
2
~
its wings and rose into the air.
them!
2t 21. Many insects, such as wasps and ants, use their... to touch objects.
a)aerials ) antennae —c) ears d) horas.
22. A donkey ..... loudly all through the night.
a) brayed —b) cackled ec) neighed ~—d) roared
23. Look at the seagulls ..... up and down on the waves near the fishing boats.
4) bobbing b) bouncing —c) hopping _d) jerking
24. Swallows cannot take off from the ground like most birds. They use wind currents to .....
through the air.
a)beat b) flap c) glide —d) skid
25. The terrified hunter, ..... in the arms of a huge bear, fought desperately to loosen its grip.
a)clasped —b) grasped —c) locked ~—d) nestled
* 14. ANIMAL SOUNDS. Match each animal with the sound, or sounds, it makes.
1. bee a) barks; growls; snarls; whines
2. cat b) bleats; baas
3. cock c) brays; hee-haws
4, cow d) buzzes
5. cricket ©) chirps
6. dog f) clucks
7. donkey 9g) croaks
8. duck hh) crows
9, elephant i) hisses
10. frog 5) hoots
11. hen k) howls
12. horse 1) grunts; squeals
13. lion m) miaows; purrs
14. mouse n) moos
15. owl ©) neighs; whinnies
16. pig p) quacks
47. sheep 1) roars
18. snake s) squeaks
19. wolf 1) trumpets
20. bird u) twitters; chirps; sings
22 15. ANIMAE COATS, What are the following animals covered with? Fill in the grid.
FEATHERS | FUR HIDE | SCALES | SHELL | SKIN | WOOL
beaver
crocodile
eagle
cat
cow
elephant
frog
llama
| Jobster
monkey
oyster
parrot
pig
pike
stork
tiger
turtle
** 16. COLLECTIVE NOUNS. Match ihe names for the groups of animals with the animals on the
right. In some cases there is more than one possible match.
ants
bees
1, brood birds
2. colony cattle
3. Aight deer
4. flock dogs
5. gaggle fish
6. herd geese
7. litter hounds for hunting
8, pack of lions ,
9. pride monkeys
10. shoal oxen for ploughing
11. school puppies; pups
12 swarm sheep
13. team whales
‘H. troop wolves
young chickens
23 17. PETS. Choose the right answer.
1, He stroked his cat's silky fur and the cat .. ... contentedly.
a) growled = b) hummed —c) purred ~~) roared
2. This...., of dog is very useful for hunting.
a) breed = b) clan. —c) stock_—<) tribe
Acat..... its paw before it washes its face.
a) bites b)chews = c) laps_—d) licks
It’s dangerous to go near that building site as it is ..... by a fierce dog.
a)defended b) guarded —c) resisted —_—_d) restricted
. Don’t take any ..... of that dog. It is only playing,
a)care b) game —c) notice _—d) part.
6. My dog always ..... when it sees the postman.
a)barks b)eries. cc) purrs. —«d) spits.
7. The noise was caused by a dog ..... a cat through the garden.
a)catching b) chasing —c) fighting —d) running
If your cat often has to stay indoors, then a ..... tray must be provided.
a) garbage b) litter ¢) rubbish d) waste
9. You shouid take notice of warnings which state that guard dogs are on .
a) alert b) defence —c} patrol d) watch
10, The dog felt very ..... when his owners left the house, dressed for a walk.
a) cheated b) deceived cc) deceptive _—_d) disappointed
11. In big cities animals should be kept under .....
a) authority b) check ¢) control d) discipline
12. The poor cat was ..... at the top of the tree.
a) bent) climbed —c) fixed d) stuck
13. Don’t touch the cat, he may ..... you.
a)kick b) scratch —¢) scream —d) tear
14. Dogs have a habit of ..... bones in the garden.
a) burying) covering ~—c) digging —d) planting
>
~
15. Both kindness and firmness are needed to ..... domestic animals successfully.
a) educate b) practice cc) train —d) tutor
16. It is difficult to... a dog, if you live in a flat.
a)have b)hold —c) keep_—d) tke
17. A dog can be a very pleasant ..... on long country walks.
a)companion b) company —c) fellow _ d+) friend
18. They put the bird in a cage to ..... it flying away.
a)avoid by hinder c) Iet_—d) stop.
19. A cat purrs when it is pleased, but a dog .
a) bends b) moves_—c) wags_-—d) waves
20. L was badly scratched by my cat’s .....
a)claws b) hooves) nails. ~—_d) paws
When my wife comes home, our dog always jumps up and... .. her face.
a) kisses b) licks) moistens_—_d) sucks
its tail,
21,
4 22. When the cat is angry, its . Stands up on end.
a)feather b)fur chide —d) skin
23. His dog has done everything he told it to do; it is a most ...,. animal.
a) acceptable b) commanding —_c) obedient _—_d) orderly
24. Dogs in city streets should be kept ona ..... .
a)cord b)lead c) rope —d) string
* 18, PETS. Choose the best answer.
1. The dogs in the circus were trained to walk on their ..... legs.
a)base b) hind =e) rear_—<) tal
2. The trouble with cats and dogs is that their hair comes out in the spring when they ..... :
a)cast b)moult cc) peel d) shed
3. As the cat lay asleep, dreaming, his whiskers ..... .
a) jerked —b) jogged ~—c} tweaked —d) twitched
4, He had taught his dog to ..... the rabbits he shot.
a) recover —-b) regain ¢) restore —d) retrieve
5. Even a small dog in a house can ..... a thief.
a) arrest b) counter c) deter d) forestall
. Much is done in our city to ..... the suffering of unwanted domestic pets.
a) alleviate b) help c) improved) remedy
ey
7, The dog let outa ...., of pain when his tail was trodden on.
a) bark b) croak ~—c) squawk-—) yelp
8. The dog ..... up his ears when he heard his master’s voice.
a)lifted b) pointed —c) pricked —_d) raised
. To keep a dog’s ..... in good condition, it should be brushed daily.
a)coat b) fleece c)fur_—d) hide
10. The dog’s ears ..... as he heard footsteps outside the house.
a) trembled —b) twitched) wagged ~—d) wringgled
Ry
19. ANIMALS. Choose the word that best keeps the meaning of the original sentence if it is
substituted for the capitalized word or phrase.
1. The dog GNAWED the bone before he buried it.
a) chewed.
b) kicked
c) licked
d) trampled
25 S
w
o
_
*
<
. Male lions remain ALOOF FROM the day-to-day activities of their families.
a) bored with
b) exhausted from
¢) separate from
d) upwind of
. The grasshopper is an insect that can LEAP about twenty times the length of its own body.
a) call
b) hear
¢) jump
d) see
. Chalk deposits are formed chiefly from the shells of MINUTE sea animals called
foraminifera.
a) dried-up
b) minor
©) minuscule
4d) short-lived
. The habitat of an animal should be large enough to yield a COPIOUS supply of food.
a) an elaborate
b) an indefinite
©) a plentiful
d) a solid
. Although they usually prey on small mammals and birds, eagles have also been known to
BAND TOGETHER and attack large animals.
a) devise nests
b) form groups
©) sing harmoniously
4) swoop down
. When the hedgehog feels threatened, it tucks its head into its chest and roils itself into
a SPINY, ball-shaped mass.
a) bushy
b) motionless
©) prickly
d) spherical
. Monkeys are sometimes described as CURIOUS animals.
a) careful :
b) clever
¢) inquisitive
d) resourceful
. The most important environmental influence on fish is water temperature, for fish tend to. |,
TAKE ON the temperature of their surroundings.
a) assume
b) avoid
¢) exceed
4) regulate
26 10, The nests of most finches are constructed SLOPPILY.
a) annually
b) characteristically
©} elaborately
d) messily
11. When a flounder first HATCHES, it looks like a typical fish.
a) emerges from the egg
b) matures
¢) rises from the bottom
d) swims about
12. Hibernation is a state of inactivity in which some animals PASS the winter.
a) miss
b) prepare for
©) spend
d) wait for
** 20, INSECTS, Put each of the following words and phrases into its correct place in the passage
below.
bee beetles butterflies caterpillars cobwebs
crickets fleas gnat grasshoppers maggots
mosquito moths pupae spiders wasp
Some Insects
. makes honey, but a ..... also black and yellow, does not.
. are more often seen by day and ..... by night-- both may develop from ..... and
. . Clothes moths lay eggs in clothes,
Au. bites or stings and can spread malaria; the... , ery common in Poland, is Tess
dangerous.
are usually black, with hard wing covers; ...,. may have an almost continuous high
chirp, heard at night; ...,. jump through the grass; ..... jump and bite animals and
people: ..... are found in fruit and peas; ..... spin webs, which when dirty are called ... :
21, ANIMAL PROTECTION. Choose the est answer.
1. I didn’t know that species of fish was still...
a) extant b) extent c) extinct —d) extinguished
2. Most African countries have now .,... the killing of elephants.
a) banned 5) dismissed c) prevented d) refused
3. Animals should not be locked in cages; they should be in their normal... .
a}envitonment by home —_c) position —_d) residence
27 . There is a large ..... for rare tropical birds in the National Park.
a)aviary b) cage c) reserved) 200
5. Many species of animals today are ..... :
a)endangered b) inrisk —¢) risky _d) under danger
6. A bird ..... has been established on this island.
a)asylum —b) haven) refuge) sanctuary
x
. Much of our knowledge about prehistoric animals comes from the study of ..... .
a) artefacts) fossils.) relics.) ruins
*
. Unless we can prevent people from hunting snow leopards, the species will .....
a) die out —b) drop out ~—c)extinguish_—_d) fall out
9. Unless stricter hunting laws are introduced, seals will soon be ..... .
a) archaic b) defunct —c) extinct d) obsolete
10. My friend is a keen amateur ..... :
a) natural historian —‘b) naturalist —_c) naturist d) nature-lover
22. ANIMALS. Crossword.
ACROSS: fr P
2. long-winged sea bird -—
4, an Australian animal that jumps
6. stag or hind f g
8. the most common insect
9, snake-like fish
11. part of a cat with whiskers or of a bull with horns
12. contains the embryo of birds, reptiles or insects ir
13. relative of tortoise
DOWN:
. wife of a cock/rooster ir
. animal with dark spots and a very long neck
king of the animals
. young goat
. large ape closely related to man
. animal with a trunk
|. king of the birds
Eavaene Til. The Army
ST
LE
Artillery Commander: “Fire at will!”
Recruit: “Where's Will?”
*
The division commander received a report by radio from one of his unit
commanders.
“Sir, we are trapped — surrounded by enemy tanks.”
“That's not correct,” said the general. “Your force is not surrounded. You
are just fighting in four different directions.”
29 23.
I.
v
. The sound of our voices was completely . .
THE ARMY. Choose the correct answer.
The army ..... defeat at the hands of its enemy.
a) bore) suffered —c) supported —_d) tolerated
. The defeated army was obliged to..... to its second line of defence.
a) back away b) draw away c)retire — d) retreat
. There was a sudden ..... of anger in the General’s eyes as he listened to the soldier’s
report.
a)fire b) flame cc} flash) shade
. The encouraging news enabled the troops to go on with ..... hope.
a)novel b) recurrent —c) renewed —d) renovated
. All the information relating to the enemy officers was. . ... alphabetically in large cabinets,
a) composed b) crammed —c) filed ~—d) gathered
. Genera] Brave was placed ..... command of the Western Army.
a}at bin. c)to— d) with
|. The soldier ..... his gun at the enemy.
a) banged —b) exploded ~—c) fired d) shot.
. Private Daring felt proud when the general said “You ,.... a medal!”
a) deserve byearn cc) expect —_d) reserve
. by the roar of the artillery.
a) decreased b} drowned c) reduced d) scattered
. Schik claimed ..... from military service as he was a foreign national.
a) demobilisation) exception _c) exemption _d) liability
. After two hours of hard fighting, thé Northern Army won the ..... .
a)attack ) battle —c} force / d) war
. The depleted column was barely able to... the enemy attack.
a)expel b) smash —c) withhold —_d) withstand
. The army claimed that during the invasion there was no ..... of life.
a) death b) killing ©) loss. d) murder
. The memorial in the main square ..... the soldiers who lost their lives in the war.
a) celebrates -b) commemorates) recalls.) remembers
. A feeling of tiredness almost -. .. . the soldier on duty and he had to struggle hard to keep
awake.
a) conquered b) defeated cc) overcame —d) put out
}. THE ARMY. Choose the correct answer.
- Private Courageous ..... a dangerous mission, although he knew he might be killed.
a)agreed —b) entered ~—c) promised —_d) took on
. There is a bomb in the garden, it could ..... at any moment.
a)bang bp crack c)crash_—_d) explode
30 3.
x
ll.
12.
A sergeant in the army wears three ..... on his arm.
a) scratches 6) captions) medals. _—_d) stripes
. The soldiers had... for fifteen hours without stopping and they were exhausted.
a) hiked b) marched c)run_—d) wandered
. Betty's fiance, who is a soldier, was delighted when he was ..... only a few miles from her
home.
a) camped. b) directed ¢) placed d) stationed
. Alter the campaign a special medal was ..., . to all combatants.
a)awarded —b) deserved ~—c) earned -—d) gained
. Corporal Lucky was hit by a bullet but he was only ..... wounded.
a) barely b) little c) merely _—_d) slightly
. This general always... his own troops into battle.
a) commanded b) fought ©) led d) pulled
‘The troops were lined up on the parade ground awaiting the general's ..... .
a) checking —b) inspection —_c} investigation _d) review
). Sergeant Proud can hardly ..... having to accept orders from the colonel who is much
younger than himself,
a) bear b) mind —c) resist d) suffer
A force of desperate men burst out of the besieged city and .
surrounded them.
a) broke down —b) defeated) gained d) won
The defending armies achieved a preat ..... over the aggressors.
a) conquest b) defeat —c) loss_—) victory
.. the army that had
* 25. THE ARMY. Match the definitions with the defined word.
1 MILITARY ACTIVITIES.
Ll
2.
3.
4.
3
6.
7
8
9,
10.
to inspect a) to inspect very formally and ceremonially, esp. by an officer of high
to muster tank, or a king
to parade b) to show respect by raising an arm or firing a gun
to salute ©) to look at soldiers in order to examine the state of their uniforms, cte.
to review d) to bring soldiers together for a review or parade
e) to march in ceremonial order
H. ATTACKING.
ambush f) taking control of another country
assault ) a brief unimportant fight
invasion _h) an attack on a place by keeping an army round it and stopping anyone
raid from getting in or out
siege i) a surprise attack
skirmish _j) a sudden secret attack by a small group
i.
k) a strong attack
31 In.
12.
13,
14,
15.
16.
17,
TAKING AND LOSING
to annex 1) to capture quickly or very forcefully
to surrender m) to take control over land
to capture n) to get by fighting
to liberate 0) _ to stop the siege
to relieve p) to set free from a tyrant or conqueror
to-seize 1) to give oneself up to the enemy
26, THE ARMY. Pur the follawing words in their correct places in the sentences below. Some words
may be used more than once and there may be more than one answer in some sentences.
campaign casualty ceasefire defeat
losses surrender triumph truce
victory
we
. They suffered heavy ..... in the last battle.
. IfNapoleon’s
at Austerlitz was the high-point of his military career, his ..... to take
Moscow was a failure leading to the ..... at Waterloo which was his end.
. Her son isa... of the Vietnam war: he lost both his legs.
. The German unconditional ..... was accepted by the Allied Powers.
. The Norman ..... of Britain began in 1066.
The commanders agreed on a(n) ..... for a period of five hours to allow the removal of the
wounded.
*27. THE ARMY. Choose the correct answer.
1.
Rv
a
. The leaders, sensing that war was ..
I wouldn’t advise you to join the army, Sam, I don't think you are ..... to be a soldier.
a)cutout 6) made up —<) putdown —d) set down
The doctor ..... the dying soldier long enough to learn where the enemy was hiding out.
a)alive b) came round —_¢) resuscitated —_d) reviled
. Since WW II the rivalry in military strength between the great powers has produced
a..... balance of power.
a) devious —b) precarious) present —_d) previous
. The soldier had to ..... for disobeying orders.
a) hear sentence) prove innocent) serve notice _) stand trial
|. At the beginning of the war every man under forty was ..... to serve in the armed forces.
a) called for b) called in ¢) called out d) called up
. The army major was found guilty of setious misconduct and was accordingly ..... to the
ranks,
a) demoted b) elevated c) promoted d) reduced
., prepared their defences.
a)immediate —b) immense) imminent) immune
32 ca
. Unsuitable recruits should be before they start training.
a) laid aside —-b) narrowed down —_c) passed over _—_d) weeded out
9. When you fire, keep calm and just squeeze the ..... gently.
a) barrel b) rifle c) sight ~—d) trigger
10. All members of the armed forces are required to ..... allegiance to the president.
a) announce —b) certify c) confess.) swear
11. The tank of petrol was ..... by a carelessly discarded cigarette end.
a)exploded b) ignited) inflamed) lit up
12. Oswald was ...., for military service because he had flat feet.
a) discarded b) discharged) dispensed —d) rejected
13, The ..... of the soldiers was high before the battle, because they were confident
of victory
a) mood b) moral ~—¢) morale._—_ 4) temper
14, Our plan is completely ..... . Nothing can possibly go wrong.
a) airtight bd) foolhardy c) foolproof —_d) waterproof
15. The officer sent a man ahead to ..... the land, suspecting that the enemy were near.
a) enquire b) investigate) reconnoitre —_d) spy
#28. THE ARMY. Put each of the following words or phrases into its correct place in the passage
below.
administrative duties army post assignment barracks
company-sized unit cooks, dayroom drill
guard duty marching mess hall perimeter
recreation reveille Teviews:
roll call soldier soldiers
supervises supply sergeant training
troops unit commander weapons
A Typical Day in the Army
A typical day fora . depends on his ..... . During peacetime at a permanent ..... :
the bugler sounds .... . at 5:30 or 6 a.m. to waken the ..... After ..... , the men wash and
shave, go to the ..... for breakfast.
Next they form ranks for ..... . They practice various ..... routinesand the use and care
of ..... . Other men take care of housekeeping details. The ...,. begin their work long before
reveille. The first sergeant and company clerk handic the ..... and “paperwork” of the unit.
The mess sergeant ..... the cooks. The ..... cares for and issues clothing and equipment.
Each Saturday, the ..... inspects the entire company.
Drill is usually completed by 11 a.m. After dinner at noon, the men return to their jobs
OF... . All day and night some officers and men are on..... . They are posted at
warehouses, motor pools, storage depots and around the ..... .
Parades and ..... sometimes take place in the afternoon until about 5 p.m. After
2 — Tests in Rnalish 33 supper, ..... not assigned special duties may do as they please. Most army posts have .....
buildings called service clubs. Each ..... has a clubroom called a ..... . Men who do not
have permission to stay out must be in their ..... by 11 p.m. and lights must be turned off.
** 29, WEAPONS AND EQUIPMENT. Divide the following into three groups: weapons, ships,
aircraft.
aircraft carriers bazookas bombers
destroyers fighters guided missiles cruisers
howitzers machine guns minesweepers helicopters
rifles submarines tugs mortars
*30, THE ARMY. Put each of the following words or phrases in their correct place in'the passage
below.
artillery bazookas close combat combat arms
defend direct fighting enemy forces foot
grenades guns infantry infantrymen
parachute personnel carriers seize soldiers
units
The Infantry
Combat units of the army consist of ..... trained and equipped to fight ..... - Infantry,
cesses , and armoured units are called the combat arms, because they do the ..... .
Other ..... of the army, called the services, support and serve the .....
The..... is the army's largest arm. Infantrymen must ..... » occupy and ..... land
areas. \They bear the heaviest share of ..... .
beens throw ..... and fire rifles, machine ...... , mortars, ..... and pistols.
They enter battle on ..... » by helicopter, ..... , or in armoured .....
** 31, MILITARY COMMANDS. Match the Polish counterparts of the following English military
commands.
1. About turn! a) Bacznoéé!
2. At ease! b) Na prawo patrz!
3. Attention! ¢) Naprzéd marsz!
4. Eyes right! d) Rozkaz!
5. Fall in! 2) Rozejé¢ sie!
6. Fall out! £) Spoeznij!
7, Forward march! g) Stojt
8. Halt! fh) W prawo zwrot!
9. Line up! i) Wystap!
10. Right turn! 3) W tyt 2zwrot!
11. Step out! k) W szeregu zbiérka!
12, Yes, sit! 1) Zbiérka!
34 32, THE ARMY. Complete.
1
N
»
. “The proud, the few, the otnierze piechoty morskiej) ..... .
Our patrol meta group of (Zotnierze wroga) ..... . Two of them were (zraniony) . and
were taken (jeniec) ..... .
. Last night ten enemy (bombowee) ..... raided our (granica) ..... areas and bombed
a power plant,
. All the men in Jerry’s family are in the army: his father is a (putkownik) ..... , his brother
is a (sierzant) ..... , but he himself is only a (szeregowy) ..... :
|. Although his father wants him to go into the (wojska ladowe) ..... . Andy would rather
enlist in the (lotnictwo) ..... or in the (marynarka) ..... : IV. Clothing 33. ITEMS OF CLOTHING. Give the name of each of the indicated items of clothing. 34. PARTS OF CLOTHING. Match each of the following parts of clothing with the correct number
in the pictures below.
... belt _.. breast pocket
. button-hole collar
~ cuff fly
lapel lining
. seam -.. sleeve
\
35. CLOTHING, Choose the correct answer.
. The boxer in the dark ..... is sure to win. He’s much better than the other one.
a) costume ‘b) pants ¢) trousers: d) trunks .
e
2, Why don’t you wear a(n) ..... when you do the washing-up?
a)apron b)cloth —c}duster__—_d) towel
3. Mary was wearing a very ..... skirt which swirled round her as she danced.
a)big b) full c) loose _—d) tight
4. My brother is always wearing the same ..... shirt.
a)lined b) spotted —c) striped _—