8. Programming Practice 8.1 Multi-axis Control 8.1.1 Machining patterns : Machining pattern cancel (G60) ¥ 85 Alternate machining (G610) 85 Two-saddle machining (G620) 8-6 Frontiback parallel machining (G630,G635) - foe 86 Simultaneous 3-lines machining (G640), a 8-7 Pick-off, center-support (G650) : . 87 8.1.2 Superimpose control... eet tee ese BB. 8.2 Nose R Compensation (Tool Nose R Compensation) — Optional seve BB 8.2.1 Virtual tool nose numbers... . - 8-10 8.2.2 Example of using the nose R compensation a1 8.3 Circular Interpolation in a Secondary Machining Process B15 8.3.1 Selecting a plane 8-15 8.3.2 Tool diameter compensation ... . 816 8.3.3 Example of using arc interpolation in a secondary process ......... soe B17 8.4 Through-hole (Cross-hole) Machining in a Secondary Process........ 8.5 Milling Interpolation — Optional 8.5.1 Milling coordinates... 8.5.2 Milling plane. 8.5.3 Programming of a miling process 8.5.4 Calculation of milling coordinates 8.5.5 Program format 8.5.6 Milling compensation 8.5.7 List of NC unit errors during miling interpolation 8.5.8 Example of using the milling interpolation function 1 (D cut) 8.5.9 Example of using the milling interpolation function 2 8.5.10 Example of using the milling interpolation function 3 8.5.11 Example of using the milling interpolation function 4 . 8.5.12 Example of using the milling interpolation function 5 .. 6E1-0803, 6E2-0803, MCL1216/0357-~ | Issue ele Date | 2006.118.5.13 Example of using the milling interpolation function 6 Milling interpolation with a gang tool 8.5.14 Example of using the milling interpolation function 7 Milling interpolation with a turret tool 8.6 Adjustable Angle Spindles ..... MSA103 adjustable angle spindle (0 to 30) MSA203 adjustable angle spindle (30 to 60°) MSA303 adjustable angle spindle (45 to 90°) KSA107 adjustable angle spindle (0 to 45°) KSA207 adjustable angle spindle (30 to 90°) 8.7 Spindle Synchronization Control (6114.1, G814, G113, and G813) — Optional 8.8 Synchronized Tapping Functions (G88, G84, and G80) — Optional... 8.8.1 Synchronized tapping for outer circumference with a rotary tool (G88 and G80). 8.8.2 Synchronized tapping for the end face of a workpiece with a rotary tool 8-40 8-40 8-42 8-42 8-44 8-44 8-44 8-45 8-46 8-46 848 8-52, 8-52 (G84 and G80) 54 8.8.3 Synchronized tapping for the center of the end face of a workpiece (front or back) (G84 and G80) .. 8.8.4 Continuously synchronized tapping 8.9 Differential Rotary Tool Function — Optional. 8.10 Arc threading — Optional, 8.11 Hobbing Function — Optional... 8.11.1 Gear formula... 8.11.2 Cutting condition table (reference). 8.11.3 Example of using the hobbing function 8.12 Polygon Machining Function — Optional 8.12.1 Example of using the polygon machining function 8.13 Re-chucking of a Long Workpiece 8.14 Long Workpiece Separation (M113) — M1216 Optional 8.15 Long Workpiece Separation (M10, M11) — M2032 Optional 8.16 Multiple Workpiece Machining 8.17 Simplified Cut-off Tool Breakage Detection (M50) 8-55 8-57 8-59 8-61 8-63 8-65 8-65 8-66 8-67 8-68 8-69 8-72 B74 8-75 8-778.18 Cut-off Too! Breakage Detection (M51) — Optional 8.19 Arbitrary Axis Change (G140) 8.20 Arbitrary 1-Pair Axes Superimposition (6126) 8.21 Interference Check Function 8.21.1 Enabling/disabling the interference check function 8.21.2 Interference components on which checks are made 8.21.3 Alarms 8.22 Free Tool Layout Pattern 8.23 Helical Interpolation — Optional..... 8.23.1 End-face helical interpolation process 8.23.2 Inclined helical interpolation process Setting of inclined rotation coordinate Helical interpolation command when inclined rotation coordinate i is specified 8.24 Cutting with a Gang Tool on the Y Axis a78 8-60 881 8-62 2-83 8-84 287 8-88 8-90 8-90 8-92 8-92 8-93 83M3 Programming Practice 8.1 Multi-axis Control 8.1.1 Machining patterns To simplify a program used with a multi-axis machine, operations (machining) are grouped by purpose. An operational (machining) group is called a machining pattern. The following six machining patterns are available: Machining pattern cancel (G600) ‘G600 cancels the machining pattems G610, G620, G630, G635, G640 and G650. (Power-on state) In general, you do not have to use G700 during automatic operation. Alternate machining (6610) This machining pattem is the standard machining pattern that is most frequently used. The machining pattem is useful when the front machining in $1 to perform machining by alternately using a tool on the gang tool post and a tool on the turret tool post. The machining pattern also enables the back machining in $3 to perform machining with a tool on the back 3-spindle tool post, ck 3apince tool post 7 8 ] (iq 85M3 Programming Practice ‘Two-saddle machining (G620) Use this machining pattern for the front machining in $1 and $2 to perform simultaneous machining such #8 rough/finish machining and simultaneous thread cutting (different pitches permitted), The machining Pattern can assign the spindle C axis (C1) to perform machining ($1) with a tool on the gang tool post or ‘machining ($2) with a tool on the turret tool post. The machining patter also enables the back ‘machining in $3 to perform machining with a tool on the back 3-spindle tool post. 2 Back apna toolpost (| = dal S| | 6 Foam ea Front/back parallel machining (G630,G635) Use this machining pattern to perform front machining and back machining independently. This machining pattern permits you to perform back machining by alternately using a tool on the turret tool post and a tool on the back 3-spindle tool post. SB) Back s-epindle tool post 86(M3 Programming Practice ‘Simultaneous 3-Jines machining (G640) This machining pattern permits you to perform the machining of three processes (e.g., outer diameter ‘machining, front center machining (drilling), and back center machining (drilling). You cannot use this, ‘machining pattern for machining with tools on the back 3-spindle tool post. ee Gr Pick-off, center-support (G650) Specify this machining pattern after alternate machining (G610), two-saddle machining (G620), and fronvback parallet machining (630), This machining pattern enables the back spindle to pick-off workpiece and support the long workpiece. Gang too! Note Y2 axis is available only for type V. a7M3 Programming Practice 8.1.2 Superimpose control This section explains superimpose control gi Mr Agoton the end ofthe tran. He was getting of atthe next station. The frontend of the tain is close to the barrier. So, he walked to the front end ofthe train and got off. The following figure shows the work done by the train and Mr, A. While the train was running the distance (work ;) at FI speed, Mr. A disk his work forthe distance offs at F2 speed, As a result, the work &) + 6, as done, The train acts ZI as the reference coordinate axis. Mr, A pets. the 22 axis, Mr. A (Z2 axis) dd his work white being on the train (Z1 axis). This Is called superimpose control In terms of thie machine, the train corresponds to the headstock (ZI axis), and Mr. A corresponds 19 the turret tool post (Z2 axis). — a | > SS —_—1.—— ‘wkOoOooO ia re 0 Operation with superimpose control ON (G620): + 1.22 axis movernent is not specified and Z1 axis movement is specified, the Z2 axis moves synchronously with the Z1 axis. « If Z2 axis movement is specified and Z1 axis movement is not specified, only the Z2 axis moves. © ifboth Z2 axis movement and Z1 axis movement are specified, the Z2 axis moves while being ‘superimposed on the Z1 axis (being on the Z axis). Explanation of the above figure: When F1=F2: The Z2 axis appears to be in stopped state. When F1F2: The Z2 axis moves backward. ‘The queuing command is specified inthe program for adjusting the timing of the Z1 and Z2 axes. 88M3 Programming Practice 8.2 Nose R Compensation (Tool Nose R Compensation) — Optional Ifthe tool nose is round when turning is performed, the roundness (R) of the tool nose causes an error. “The shape of a workpiece after tapering or arc cut-off machining is eompleted is different from the ‘workpiece shape specified in the program. ( ty ect shape | . NS Ly / py KK \v B ef) ay Center ofthe toot nose radius ached shape spcte inte program nape se pre ‘Virtus! too! nose position ‘The nose R compensation funtion automatically calculates an error if you set nose radius data. Input the nose radius data for R (tool nose radius) and P (virtual too! nose number) in the tcol data before hand. Command format 640 snow Nose R compensation cancel Gal snonswniNose R compensation mode (left) ON Gaz «Nose R compensation mode (right) ON Xanis Left compensation | 41 mose (>) Fight compensation a = Zaxs Be careful of interference in executing the rapid feed positioning command or nose R compensation cancel command. As a rule, keep the tool nose at least the distance equivalent tothe tool nose radius away from the workpiece. Execution of some G commands is not permitted during nose R compensation. Issuing any of the G commands causes an alarm during nose R compensation, For details, see the issued by MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC CORPORATION, 89M3 Programming Practice 8.2.1 Virtual tool nose numbers ‘The direction of a virtual tool nose viewed from the center of tool nose radius is determined as a virtual tool nose number. i ‘Values 0 to 9 can be specified as virtual tool nose numbers. Specify virtual tool nose numbers in accordance with the tool nose. The following figure shows a popular tool nose and virtual tool nose numbers: Virtual tot nose sumer 1 Vitel tool nose number 4 Boring too! Front turing to ‘Virtual toot nose number 8 Vital tol nose number 3 JE Diamend point too ac tring tool 8-0M3 Programming Practice 8.2.2 Example of using the nose R compensation Drawing os ] Kh Lal | HE ys 5568 10 i a Machining layout “ool note radius C4 eee on } es (a Workpiece eosiver attM3 Programming Practice Program sample 03110 50 7-0.1 6610 (6611) Nos. 600 X13.0 7-0.6 03 si-{__] 99 6612 Toz00 T2500 No125 650 u34.0 600 G42 x14.0 7-0.6 125 Got z0 Fo.1 sot x¢.96 FL] 602 X0 21.0 83.5 soi 70.6 650 v-34.0 600 G40 x14.0 si] 0202 G61 Te400 G00 G42 x13.0 70.5 102 x40 G41 601 X6.0 20.5 FJ 115.0 x11.0 103.0 216.0 G00 G40... 0326 6612 To400 650 ¥9.0 600 G41 Xx13.0 27.5 T28 G01 ¥7.0 24.286 F0.2 603 X7.0 710.716 85.0F[__] B12 st Nose R compensation mode command G42 (ON), compensation number 25, 02 Tooldaa 5 [Nose R compensation cancel command G40 [Nose R compensation mode command 642 (ON), compensation number 2 on R Tooldsta py _oNose R compensation cancel command G40 | v«-Nose R compensation mode command G41 (ON), compensation number 24 R 00s Tooldaa 5g 6610 3M3 Programming Practice 31 32 8 650 49.0 600 G40 113.0 [Nose R compensation cancel command G40. | Nodo4 G61 2000 | 650 W4.0 600 G41 X13.0 219.0 TO4 [Nose R compensation mode command G41 (ON), compensation number 4 J R025 601 x11.0 720.0F[__ Tooldaa RS X6.0 zs] X4.8 730.1°L | 113.0 F0.2 | 650 W4.0 600 640 _mueNose R compensation cancel eommand G40 To100 Noso1 G00 x13.0 233.0 To1 Got x7.0 F0.2 | 201 X-3.0 FL] Al.0 12500 U1.0 wos 07 | 600 ¥-3.0 2-0.1 T00 ie M56 | : e999 6999 (999 N999. ‘N999 |N999 oe oz ‘moe 99 ¥a9 |99 |xM3 Programming Practice Note Pre-register the tool nose R value in the tool data wh creating the program. ol TComent P6610 attaer x z Y Ree 41 [- c.o00[ 0-000 0.080] 0.000] a 2 [0.000 0-000] 0-000 —o.100f <” 3 [0.000] 0.000] —o-coa] — 0.00 0 4 [~e-000]—0.000[ — 0.000 0.2507 50-000) 0-000] 0.000 0-000 0) {0.000 —0-0oo] 0.200 0.000] 0 | 70-000) 0.000 — 0.000] — 000] 0_| pieced eel eel eset 0.000 0.008] 0.000] 00 To 11 [0.000 —a.e00] — 0.000 —o.coo] 07 12 [0-006 —e.co0] — 0.000] —o.ceo[ 0” 1s [0-000 | —o- coo — 0.000] —o.coo) 07 1a[—c.000f —v-cool —o.oool —o.c0ol 0 1s [esol —e-ovoT —0-o00 —0.c00T ess ie T come 610 co igi —eas| eos romero pe eee reel eel nal zoos to] — ee | — ea eel ace aeil sant 3 (osama |e sae 2s (Cote — ooo ‘6.000 0.000] — 0.000] —0-coo] 0 7 [0.000 0.000 —0.00o] —a-0ooT 2s [0.000] — 0.000.000] — 0.000 0 29 [8-coal —0.ooof—0.c0aT 0.000] 30 [—o.000[ 0.000[ 0.000] 0.000 0(M3 Programming Practice 8.3 Circular Interpolation in a Secondary Machining Process ‘The circular interpolation feed is enabled on the following three planes in the secondary machining. process: Command format 617 X-Y plane 618 Z-X plane (This mode selected for ordinary turning process) e19 Y-Z plane ‘(direction tothe conte of to! spingle) LY plane S42 (direction tothe oy ‘center of spindle) \xz plane +Y (cretion to right angle ofthe centers ofthe spindle and tool spindle) 8.3.1 Selecting a plane Generally, the Z-X plane (G18) is selected at power-on or eset. This plane is used for circular interpolation (G02 or G03) in the turning process. ‘Touse the circular interpolation on a different plane in the secondary machining process, execute the plane selection command G17 or G19. Be sure to reselect the Z-X plane (G18) to return to the turning process. 848M3 Programming Practice 8.3.2 Tool diameter compensation To use the tool diameter compensation function, program tool diameter compensation with the nose R compensation function used when turning is performed, Command format G40 Tool diameter compensation (nose R compensation) mode cancel Ga ‘Tool diameter compensation (nose R compensation) mode (left) ON Gaz Tool diameter compensation (nose R compensation) mode (right) ON ‘The following shows the relation between the tool diameter and the cutting position specified in the program. Pre-set 0 or 9 as the virtual tool nose number for the item of Tool Data screen. YZ plane <1 toot rose postin sscted inthe program (0 or) ‘The following figure shows the tool cutting point and compensation operation: G41; Offset on the left side of the direction in which the tool moves G42: Offset on the right side of the direction in which the tool moves G41 command program path ——> Tool center path > End point Star point End point 816M3 Programming Practice 8.3.3 Example of using arc interpolation in a secondary process Drawing Tool data Tool diameter 98 (end mi Tool number Tos Companastion number of Tool nose ris fools aie) 30 Vietual tool nose number ‘The sumer) oC) the fur incae how he end mil moves when the program i executed. ®) (oY \r2) 817M3 Programming Practice Program sample This program sample is for Sl st T0800 ‘Selection o the tool spindle MOS rnin ‘The spindle stops. 650 W-15.0 .» Coordinate system setting for the tool spindle N28 so 0 conn Spine Oedegee indexing S3-[__] m0 98. TThe tool spindle rotates forward. 619 600 9.0 21.0 108... Selection of plane Y-Z, and determination of the cutting start position in the Y-Z plane and compensation number Positioning ofthe dretion (X ais) in which the fo! cuts int the workpiece x6.0 601 ¥-9.0 GAL Y-2-5 27.8 ssnsnensnen Tool diameter compensation 227.5 602 v2.5 Re.5 FL) 01 27.5] al cto 00 Got 600 237.0 sot ¥-9.0 FL) Wee $90.0... Spinal 90-degree indexing G00 x10.0 ¥-7.0 133.0 cot v7.07] 600 237.0 cot 7.07] G18 GOO X13.0 TO0........... Switching of plane specification back to the turning mode, and ‘compensation caneltoretum to the positioning point inthe diametieal diretion The too spadle stops. Setting ofthe coordinate system shift back to the original ‘Tool diameter compensation cancel a2 650 Wis. 818M3 Programming Practice 8.4 Through-hole (Cross-hole) Machining in a Secondary Process This section explains machining of a cross-drilled through-hole in @ 12.0 mm diameter material with a3.5 ‘mm diameter drill. The X1 stroke of the gang tool is up to X-5.0. ‘Therefore, the ordinary tool setting is unable to machine a through-hole in a workpiece. In this case, the ordinary tool setting must be modified so thatthe drill is set (shifted) extending longer than the standard in the minus direction, 635 Dail dameter= 4 fno shift amount is considered, the X value of a program for through-hole machining is calculated as shown below. 12.0 (1.05 x 2)==14.1 Specifying X-14.1 will make the X1 axis to overrun because the maximum X1 stroke is X-5.0. Thus, shifting the drill 9.1 mm (14.1 ~ 5.0) further in the minus direction will enable the dill to reach to X-14.1 when X-5.0 is specified. However, in consideration of leeway, the drill should be shifted 15.0 mm. ‘Then, mount the too! for machining a cross hole the equivalent to the shift amount (calculated in the above) longer than the standard. The tool must be actually mounted the half of the shift amount longer than the standard because the X value is specified for the diameter. Specify 7.5 mm in this example. ‘The left figure below shows the status when the G00 X0.0 command is executed for this tool. To use the tool, re-set the coordinate system by executing the coordinate system shift command so that X0.0 indicates the center of the material. Toolissetshited. Standard setting tr2otte eit amount | | ‘The following table shows the coordinate system shift methods: _ M12, M16 (M20, M32_ “With he gang oot holder 6500] 10.0 [650 1] —_] 18.0 es vt] 20.0" 650 25.0 For} specify the amount by which the tool is set longer than the standard. The amount must be a value calculated for the diameter. In the above example, setting the coordinates with G50 U-15.0 W-10.0 will make through-hole machining available at X-14.1. atoM3 Programming Practice Notes Input the shift amount to the Manual Tool Set screen, then set the tool. Afler completing tool setting, set the input shift data back to 0. * Remove the workpiece before executing [POS PNT] lure to do so may damage the set too After completing machining with the shifted tool, be sure to execute the coordinate system shift cancel ‘command. ‘When a tool is selected, the workpiece may interfere with the tool. To prevent the interference, either specify an argument following the T code for the tool selection, or change the positioning point in the ‘machining data, 8-20M3 Programming Practice 8.5 Milling Interpolation — Optional Generally, the X and 2 axes are controlled as linear ayes and the C axis is controlled as the rotary the spindle. The milling interpolation funetion permits the C axis to be used as linear axis at right angles fo the X and Z axes, and enables the creation ofa three-dimensional program with the three axes X, Z,and C 8.5.1 Milling coordinates Milling interpolation is performed between when (12. (milling interpolation ON) is executed and when G13.1 (milling interpolation cancel) is executed, Specify the coordinates of X, (Z,) and C axes with values calculated for the radius. ‘The plus and minus signs of X and C are as shown in the figure below. 821M3 Programming Practice 8.5.2 Milling plane ‘To perform end-face machining, execute the G17 command to select the X-Y plane, and program the ‘coordinate values viewed from the end face of the workpiece, ‘Atend‘ace | Compensation mode machining (operation) Tootdamar [6 Compensation canel a Right compensation G22 Left compensation ‘Are a2 CCW (counterclockwise) “interpolation | Gos CW (clockwise) 822(M3 Programming Practice 8.5.3 Programming of a milling process Con: der the Following points in programming a milling process: ‘When starting a milling provess, move the X axis away from the workpiece to obtain an enough approach distance, The X axiy makes an approach to the workpiece, and then moves to the specified position fore, ifthe approach distance is not enough as shown in the following figure, the tool and workpiece During t positioning of the X axis from point A to point B in the following figure, the X axis makes an h to the workpiece in the range from point A to point K, and moves away from the workpiece in ‘ange from point K to point B. The milling start position (point A) for avoiding interference with the workpiece must be obtained by caleula Point A = Ps position Materiat Determine the milling start position in consideration of the diameter of the rotary tool to be used and the diameter of the workpiece to be machined. If the stat position is not suitable, the tool and workpiece ‘may interfere with each other. Ifthe machining start position is point K for making the D cut as shown in the following figure, the tool and material interfere with each other in the shaded area when the X axis makes an approach to the workpiece. To prevent the interference, obtain the machi Point B = Pa position g start position (point B) by calculation. 8.23M3 Programming Practice When performing machining both sides of a workpiece (e.g., 2-face width machining), cancel milling interpolation at completion of machining one side, rotate the C axis 180 degrees, then start machining the other side, If both sides are machined continuously without milling interpolation cancel, the tool and workpiece may interfere with each other: 8-248.5.4 Calculation of milling coordinates Teo Too! eae M3 Programming Practice Materia aiameter (rym) “Tool diameter (mm) Machining with (rm) leeway for start postion (mm) Leeway for end poston (mm) Materia! ce Machining position X axis coordinate C axis coordinate eran Xs> 241+ Fw) cs=0 moos com fanereat=o9) mengcy A ca a XeernHaer=n) (ceo Notes «The results of the above formulas are free from the plus and minus signs. When changing the results to coordinates, assign signs to them in consideration of the tool position. « The coordinate Xs of Ps is moved before milling interpolation ON is specified. Therefore, be sure to change the coordinate to a value calculated for the diameter when specifying it. ‘The other values of Xa, Xd, and Xe are calculated for the radius. as they are, The calculated values can be used 8:25M3 Programming Practice 8.5.5 Program format Previous process 6610 Alternate machining, MOS G98 .MB3 sae] ‘Spindle stop, feed per minute, and turret tool spindle rotation M18 co wow Sequential operation of spindle C axis ON 600 H180.0 --ovaNote that the machining position is 180° different between when a gang tool is used for the machining and when a turret tool is used for the machining, 650 CO .C axis coordinate system setting Milling process Nj 6612 -sssseaMilling tool selection 650 U_] -soeCoordinate shift to the center of the tool (Make the shift equivalent to the secondary machining spindle amount for milling interpolation.) Goox_ 7 1 ssneeeT0 the milling start position (Ps) (The Xs value of the milling start position Ps is calculated for the radius. Change Xs to a value calculated for the diameter when specifying it. ‘The other values of Xa, Xd, and Xe are calculated for the radius. ‘They can be specified as they are.) 612.1 swelling interpolation ON 617 .»X-Y plane selection (end face machining) G41 G00 x q¢_] Tool diameter compensation ON, and to the machining start position (Pa) : (G42 may be executed instead.) ol x q¢_] seeeeuMilling G40 Goox_|d «Tool diameter compensation OFF, and to the milling end position (Pe) 613.1 -»onMMilling interpolation cancel 618 ZX plane selection sou] -ownsCo0rdinate system shift cancel 20 -C axis release 8-26M3 Programming Practice 8.5.6 Milling compensation The tool nose is programmed as the center ofa rotary tool for a milling process. The nose R compensation commands (G40, G41, and G42) are used during the milling process. Thus, be sure to read the explanation of nose R compensation in the issued by MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC CORPORATION, The following shows the setting of nose R compensation: Example: When TOS is used: +: MIRENE|—o.000[ —o-cool o.oo [2.000] —s.000]—«. cool 0.000 3 [2.000 —v.000f—o.c00 —o.00f + [eocal —o.c00[—o. ceo] —o.c0ol s [e.ocal—2-o001 —o.20el [e000 ‘O must be set forthe vitual too! nose number ‘The aus o he too tobe used is set Examples With side cutter having a diameter of 60.0: 20,000 With anend mil having ameter of 20: 1.500 If the coordinate system shift in the diametrical direction of the tool is different from the actual shift, the workpiece is cut in an invalid shape. For example, if linear interpolation is performed for the end face as shown in the following figure, the workpiece has the externally round shape like orbit B when the ecordinate system shift is too large. Conversely, the workpiece has the intemally round shape like orbit C when the coordinate system shift is too small. If linear interpolation causes a round shape, the coordinate system shift is invalid. Correct the coordinate system shift. ‘Orit spected inthe program To compensate the dimensions of a finished workpiece, change the tool data R. ‘When a dimension of an actually machined workpiece is greater than the specified value, decrease the value specified in the tool data by the error. When a dimension of an actually machined workpiece is smaller than the specified value, increase the value specified in the tool data by the error. 8.27M3 Programming Practice 8.5.7 List of NC unit ertors during miling interpolation ‘he following table lists alarms which may be issued during automatic operation, A program error is posted if a program creation error occurs or if « program is not created in accordance with the NC Specifications, Errno, | Messe say on Desciton Procadue so |NO.MILL SPEC [The ming conmnd(GI.1 | Cask epi | Pasi | MILLILL.G | _ 482 MILL ILL. AXIS Pass | INCOMPLETE 613.1) was executed when the ‘milling function was not specified, ‘AG code, which must not be Delete the invalid G code. ‘executed during milling | ied forthe | Delete the command forthe rotary rotary axis during milling | axis. interpolation. | When the milling iterpotation | Return the axis to the reference point RETURN AXIS (MILL) | process starts there is an axis which | in manual or automatic mode. 485 INVALID MODAL (MILL) 8:28 hhas not returned to the reference ‘When the milling interpolation |» Execute the cancel command (G40, process starts, tool diameter G97, or G80) before the G12.1 || compensation, constant surface command. speed contro, or the boring cycle + Execute the T command before the | is in progress 612.1 command. AT command was executed uring milling interpolation,M3 Programming Practice 8.5.8 Example of using the milling interpolation function 1 (D cut) MsF1s0 Side cutter §£0.0 140 5 ae. = Ps: Xs> (122+ 25 +2)/(25 +2) The following is obtained since Xs is specified with a value calculated for the diameter. 4033x2810 Pa: Xa=2(from the above figure) (onene cenee) _ Ca> (12/2 + 25 +2) ~(2 +28) Pa: Xd=2 ca> (122) -2' +2= 765.877 Pe; Xe>(2+25)+{7.7°/ (2 +25)} = 29.19 = 30.0 Set about 34.0 with leeway added. 18.97 ~ 19.0 ‘+ When specifying the Xs value of the milling start position Ps obtained from the formula, change it to a value calculated for the diameter. @_* 700! layout for M12 is used as an example. 8.29M3 Programming Practice Program sample MOS G98 MBS Sq = 1260 mia co 650 co nazz g612 T2200 650 U10.0 W45.0 G00 X81.0 23.0 103 vasonun Ps milling start position giz.1 617 G41 G00 x2.0 c19.0 Pa machining start postion 601 c-7.7 Feo .. Pd machining end position G40 Go0 x34.0 co Pe milling end position 613.1 aie 650 U-10.0 W5.0 20 M85 M03 S1=3000 699 ee ses eel 3 [—c.0001 =) am 4 [000] —e.o0a|— o-oo econo S| —aom| as ao ens he \ Toot diameter compencation seting 8-30M3 Programming Practice 8.5.9 Example of using the miling interpolation function 2 This sect n shows an example of 2-face width mac! before the spindle rotates 180°, ing. Note that milling interpolation is canceled Program sample Previous process | 6610 ov» Altemate machining | Spindle stop, feed per minute, and turet tool spindle rotation | ‘Sequential operation of spindle C axis ON (optional) C axis coordinate system setting | Milling process NX) soz Machining patter setting 4 Milling tool selection 60 VJ] Coordinate system shift to the center of the tool 600 A) TF) en To point A (Ps positon) giz.1 -»- Milling interpolation ON a7 --wonm XY plane selection (end face machining) 641 600] qa ... To point B (Pa position, too! diameter compensation ON. 601 CT en Topoint C (Pd postion) Milling 640 coo] To the milling end postion (®e position) Tool diameter compensation OFF o13.1 Milling interpolation cancel 600 XJ LT) 40.0. C axis rotation by 180.0" at point A (Ps position) e121 Miling interpolation ON 617 XY plane selection (end face machining) 641 Goo] ¢—] - To point D (Pa postion), tool diameter compensation ON i 601 c{_] vn» To point E (Pd postion) Milling 640 600 {_] ¢_] Tool diameter compensation OFF othe milling end postion (Pe) 613.1 ling interpolation cancel | G18 -X plane selection 600 {_] J) eso uf JW] Coordinate sytem shi cancel N20 sm C axis release _ atM3 Programming Practice Note areful of the Machining from point D to Point B is performed after the workpiece is rotated by 180". Be c soordinates of X and C, B=Dandc —M3 Programming Practice 8.5.10 Example of using the milling interpolation function 3 MSF150 Slo cutter» 50.0140 Mos 698 M83 S4=1260 mis co 650 co No3z2 cé12 12200 650 U10.0 W-5.0 600 x81.0 73.0 T03 Ps milling start position 612.1 617 G41 GOO x2.0 23.0 uous Pa machining start position 601 ¥2.0 C-4.9 F80 w 602 X1.9 C-5.0 ROT FEO anne (2) 601 X-1.9 Fa0 6) 602 X-2.0 C-4.9 RO.1 FAI0.......(4) 601 c4.9 Fa0 Oy 602 X-1.9 C5.0 ROL FEO sane (6) G01 X1.9 F680 o 02 X2.0 C4.9 RO.1 F410 @) G01 X2.0 C-23.0 F500 .» Pd machining end position 640 G00 X34.0 C-23.0 Pe milling end position Gi3.1 ais 650 U-10.0 W5.0 20 M85 Mos $1=3000 699 ‘Tool movement we 1 (“4X4 4 8-33M3 Programming Practice + 10-000 00] —o-awal —o.000T 2 [e000] v.00] —o.ae0] —o.000T 3 [0.000[ 0.000) 0.000 EMERY o 5 [e.000[—a-200 —e.c00T 0007 3 oo! dameter compensation setting If the R setting value of tool diameter compensation is too large, the cutter makes unnecessary ‘movement when cutting each comer of the workpiece. Asa result, machining takes more time than it should. To minimize the machining time and have comers well finished, specify such a value for R that the comers ae finely rounded. ‘Specicatin forthe cutter to move at right angles cuter ‘The cutter once moves away from the workpiece, and then makes an approach to the workpiece to start machining. This cutte’s movement is unnecessary. When comers are rounded (Rt: Cutter’ movement To eliminate the cutter’s unnecessary movement when specification is made forthe cutter to move at right angles, move the cutter circularly (as if it draws ares) as shown in the above figure. The feed rate specified in a program indicates a speed at which the center of the cutter moves, thus differs from the actual feed rate at the machining point in the circular motion. The feed rate to be specified in the program must be calculated. 8-34M3 Programming Practice With an are circumseribed with the outer diameter ofthe cutter ‘When the machining feed rate is set as Fy = 80 mm/min, obtain the feed rates Fa and Fb to be specified in programs, 342 Fa= 0x 8428) 759 S) 6 Fb = 80 = « = 413.3 <410 Obvaining the feed rate for the machining diameter: 4) Cutter diameter ny Cutter radius 4) Machining diameter ry Machining radius a tricity ‘eed rate specified in the program Feed rate at which you want to machine workpieces dtd) ptm) a an ‘+ The machining feed rate (80 mm/min) is a standard value. Ifyou move the cutter circularly to machine comers, the cutter cuts more part of the next machining face as the cutter diameter becomes greater. Decrease the feed rate (calculated in the above) in accordance with the allowance, then specify the decreased feed rate 8.35M3 Programming Practice 8.5.11 Example of using the milling interpolation function 4 sero Erecting 50s) 49.0 tf ato 4 t ¢ ot { a | | ° | : } Le MOS G98 me3 s4=2700 mg co 650 co Nazs 612 Teaoo 650 U10.0 W-5.0 600 x17.0 22.0 T04 Ps milling start position 612.1 67 642 G00 X7.0 C-1.5 Pa machining start position 601 x3.0 F200 c-3.0 X3.0 3.0 %3.0 as (6) The value, instead of CO, is set in consideration of tool diameter compensation, x7.0 F500 640 G00 x7.0 co C0 is acceptable because the tool diameter compensstion is canceled. 613.1 618 650 U-20.0 W5.0 N20 M85 M03 S1=3000 699 8-36(M3 Programming Practice Ps: Xs>(6+15+1F/(7+1.5)=85 Pa: Xa(See the following figure.) Cais 0 according to the following figure, but -1.5 should be set in consideration of too! diameter compensation, | — aa] — | oT ; 4 o-aoa | —o owl —o woo aoe oe a[—6.000[~p.a00[ 0.000 s [0.0001 0.000] fete »\ Toot diameter compensation setting Note Tool layout for M12 is used as an exampleM3 Programming Practice 8.5.12 Example of using the milling interpolation function Program samp! MOS 698 NB3 S4=2700 mia co 650 co Noz2s c6i2 T2400 650 20.0 5.0 G00 x16.0 2-1.0 To2 ei2.1 sl? G42 G00 x2.5 2.5 Got 72.0 FIZ5 G02 c-2.5 2.5 F160 Go1 x0.5 G02 02.5 R2.5 G01 ¥2.5 741.0 F100 40. 613.1 ais 650 U-20.0 W5.0 20 M85 M03 $1=3000 699 8:38 serio Era ni (2 cating apes) 63.0 s milling stat postion a @ @ @) @ 6) ©)M3 Programming Practice End mil f (2) The too cuts into he worigece unt 22.0 () The too returns to Z-1.0. \a Vea) ‘© With an are inscribed with the inner diameter of the cutter: di Cutter diameter Cutter radius dy Machining diameter) Machining radius F, Feed rate specified in the program F; Feed rate at which you want to machine workpieces ‘© Obtaining the feed rate for the machining diameter: ri +a) tn) we’ eB ' seal worl aet Hated ae 3 apo aoe II pe th ide ae 3 [esas 0. 000[ 0.000) — o.oo an ‘soo 0-000 —a-aoe| o-oo fo oer Se el ‘Tool diameter compensation setting ‘The feed rate for the machining diameter (F;) is set as 100 mm/min. 25415 F,= 100% 35> = 160 Note: The machining feed rate (100 mm/min) isa standard value, 8.39(M3 Programming Practice 8.5.13 Example of using the milling interpolation function 6 Milling interpolation with a gang tool End face diling ‘Spindle for gang toot | [ Cut-off tool bL aaa RE ie 2 z ao? +1 [_v.000] 0.006) — 0.000] 0.000] 0 2[0.000[ 0.000) — 0.000 IEE 0 3 [e:vwo[ —o-ooaf —e.oo0f 000 « | a-020[ 0.000 v.000 0.0000 [0.0001 0.0001 o.000 0.000] Enter the radius ofthe too. Ps Xs>(d2+r+ay/(w+n) = (122425 +191 (5.5 +25) 1.281 11.281 * 2 (diameter value specification) = 22.562 = 22.6 (C coordinate) Pa Xi 35 Ca> {(2 +1 +a)? (wen)? = {(12/2+2.5 + 1)'- (6.5 +2.5))'" = 5.12 * 5.2 (C coordinate) Pd Xd=w=55 Ca> {(a2)? + wy! +b ={(12/2)? - 5.5°}'"2 + 1 = 3.39 = 3.4 (C coordinate) Pe Xe>(w+r)+Cd'/(w+n) 5 +2.5) + 3.47 / (5.5 +2.5)=9.44=9.5 (C coordinate) 2-40Program sample 650 7-0.1 6610 (G611) "6 60 x26.0 2-0.5, mis co 650 co 698 me0 32000 a7 Sequential operation with spindle C axis ON (optional) Coordinate system setting X-Y plane selection (end face machining) Milling process No217 To700 G0 X22.6 75.0 102 _ To the milling start position (Ps), and tool dita (tool diameter compensation) call | Miling interpolation ON | [Right compensation, and tothe giz... G41 GO ¥5.5 5.2. ‘machining start positon (Pa) eyetite Milling interpolation machining. G2 X5.5 CO 1-3.5 F60 ee - 7 ere i snachining end position (Pa) G40 GO X9.5 CO Compensation cancel, and tothe milling end position (Pe) 613.1 Milling interpolation OFF a2 3 S1=3000 699 N20 ais T2000 .C axis release ‘X-Z plane selection (turning) Cut-off process No2i1 T0100 60 X21.0 213.0 6201 X-3.0 F.03 AL.0 12500 U1.0 5 "7 2200 60 7-0.1 T00 999 999 we N99 % N3 Programming Practice 92 6610 $3 6610 6999 999 ne N99 B41M3 Programming Practice 8.5.14 Example of using the milling interpolation function 7 Milling interpolation with a turret tool [ —- ase End mall (66) cutottol a Pepe é 2[ sew, vou 0.000 | T—s.coo | 3.08 i * 0.000; ‘o00| 0.000] 0.000] a S[—bs[ aml esol — o-oo Enter the ralus ofthe tool, Ps Xs>(di2+r+a)/(w+n) = (12243 + 1)'/(5.5 +3)= 11.76 11.76 x 2 (diameter value specification) = 23.52 ~ 23.6 Cs=0(C coordinate) Pa Xa=w=55 Ca> {(d2+1+a)—(wt ry}? = {(12/2 +3 + 1 (5.5 +3)? = 5.26 = 5.3 (C coordinate) Pd Xd=w=55 Cd> (a2) tw}? +o ={(1/2)? 5.57)" +1 =3,39 = 3.4 (C coordinate) Pe Fecoruncsiees 5+3)+3.4/(5.5 +3)= 9.86299 (C coordinate)M3 Programming Practice : st 82 650 7-0.1 6610 6610 (6611) M6 60 x27.0 20.5 612 MIB C0 orn ‘Sequential operation with spindle C axis ON (optional) 650 C0... " - Coordinate system setting 698 a3 $4=2000 $3 6610 Milling process Nozze T2800 | 501 8031 csmon sess End face drilling spindle shift ON 60 x23.6 210.0 103 wow To the milling start position (Ps), and ‘ool data (ool diameter compensation) call 612.1 : . _- Milling interpolation ON G41 GO ¥5.5 €5.3 Right compensation, and tothe machining start position (Pa) 61 co F600 . Milling interpolation machining, machining | | end position (Pa) | G1 C-3.4 F800 G40 G0 ¥9.9 C0... ‘Compensation cancel, and to ‘the milling end position (Pe) Milling interpolation OFF | wnEnd face drilling spindle shit OFF 613.1... 6500 8031 85 M3 S1=3000 699 120... 72000 6611 axis release Cut-off process No311 TO100 60 x21.0 213.0 6201 X-3.0 F.03 A1.0 12500 U1.0 H5 | 7 T2200 60 2-0.1 100 999 6999 6999 N999 ogo N999 we Ne na N99 N99 N99 & % \M3 Programming Practice 8.6 Adjustable Angle Spindles There are the following types of adjustable angle spindles. Select one of them in accordance with the angle of the workpiece to be machined. MSA103 adjustable angle spindle (0 to 30°) ~~ ‘Adjustment scale | iS ‘Spinde clamp screw ? ‘Aqustment scale BeeM3 Programming Practice MSA303 adjustable angle spindle (45 to 90°) _ Spindle clamp serew i ‘Adjustment scaleM3 Programming Practice KSA107 adjustable angle spindle (0 to 45°) mone), Adjusting scale gone) ar) iD el ( r3i2s740) 8-46 50 (1.96051 seen2001 75962" oH 39071 zage.eore 11043907) 220 e616}