THE IMPACT OF SOCIAL MEDIA USAGE ON ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE

AMONG STVS GRADE 11 STUDENTS

A research presented to
Subangdaku Technical Vocational School
M. Logarta st. Subangdaku Mandaue City, Cebu

Hong, Vincent S.
Catao, John Michael A.
Badayos, Paul Vincent S.
Dolino, Rafhael Kent Lawrence
Ramos, Jhon Q.
Saberon, Xandrex
Apura, Eduardo
Yurag, Patrick C.

December 2023
 Chapter I

THE PROBLEM AND ITS SCOPE

INTRODUCTION

Rationale of the Study

Social technologies have impacted every aspect of living in the twenty-first

century so much that individuals and communities have been affected both

positively and negatively. Socially mediated platforms such as Wikipedia,

YouTube, Facebook, and twitter are formed to create collaborative virtual spaces

among different actors. Businesses, learning spaces, and personal relationships

are harnessed by social technologies to make the concept of resource sharing a

reality. Learners from any socio-economic background can therefore benefit from

different components of social technologies. Undeniably, the World Wide Web

(WWW) has penetrated deeply in such a manner that all activities, kinds of people

notwithstanding financial backgrounds, are entangled by this ‘Web’. Advent of

social media technologies has changed the process of teaching, learning,

communication, research activities, as well as the exchange of information. All

these activities carried out on the various social media platforms today give

credence to the fast development in technology and the internet. A study by Ishaya

and Azamabel (2021) has it that, social media are collaborative digital-mediated

technologies that aid career interest, sharing or communicating of ideas,

information and other forms of expression via virtual networks. In another study,

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 Pradeepa, Manjula, Vimal, Khan, Chilamkurti, & Luhach, (2020) listed

Facebook, YouTube, WhatsApp Messenger , Facebook Messenger, Instagram,

Tumblr, Google+, Twitter, Reddit, Snapchat, Skype, LinkedIn, Pinterest, Flickr and

Kik as the most popular social media sites. Organizations and individuals across

the globe share information about their existences to improve visibility and digital

presence. In some cases, employers even mandate their employees to join

scholarly social sites like Google Scholar and ResearchGate for research or

academic connections. 3 Ishaya and Azamabel (2021) stated that proponents of

social networking sites say that online communities promote increased interaction

with friends and families. Offer teacher and students valuable access to

educational support and materials that facilitate social and political change and

disseminate useful information rapidly. However, their study detected that

unguarded youthful exuberance has taken over the airspace as unclad, offensive,

sexually appealing and sexually abusive pictures are the new strategies inhibiting

the students from productive use of the social media. Based on this, one could

easily tell that social media can negatively affect academics or social pursuits due

to time spent by users in relation to the aforementioned.

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Theoretical Background

The study adopted Bandura’s Social Learning Theory (SLT) (1997) and

Katz’s Use and Gratification Theory. The theories gave insight to the research

namely; competition (academic work and social media) and performance in

academic (outcomes in learning). According to Banduras theory people learn

through direct experience and modeling. Man has the capacity to learn by

observation and acquire large integrated units of behavior. They observe various

actions by others and thereafter form a hypothesis about the type of behaviors

likely to succeed. Most behaviors that people display are learnt through the

influence of example. Instead of the tedious trial and error 10 method, one can

provide a competent model who will demonstrate how a particular activity is

performed. Vygotsky advanced a theory whose main concern is knowledge

construction through social interaction. Vygotsky (1995) explained the idea of zone

of proximal development. He noted that a learner can easily understand things that

are one level above his/her current level. Vygotsky also proposed the idea that

children learn through interacting with more knowledgeable peers and adults. An

individual learns by observation and engaging in meaningful interactions with other

people Constructivism theory is concerned with how individuals construct their own

knowledge by experiencing things and meditating on those experiences.

Constructivists advance the idea that learners construct their own knowledge

based on experiences. As individuals reflect upon their experiences, they construct

knowledge internally. Members in a discussion group have unique background,

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 characteristics and experiences. Learners therefore get the opportunity to

voice their own perspectives as well as question others understanding.

Constructivists are concerned with the process of learning as well as the outcome.

YouTube videos can help teachers construct discussion activities for the learners.

This encourages collaborative learning. Constructivism focuses on the learner and

the experiences that the learner engages in in the learning process. Uses and

Gratification Theory focusses on the reasons why individuals use certain media.

This theory was brought about in 1974 by katz. One of the implications of this

theory is that individuals use certain media so as to get some gratification. The

users of this media have several options to choose from by use of criteria of which

of the available options satisfy their personal needs. Uwem (2013) suggested that

while people are suing the different media, they try to customize their experience

so that they are able to fulfill their gratifications. This is the case for social media

sites too. The uses and gratification approach is a good base for our study. Social

sites have a wide range of provisions from which different users are able to use

and satisfy their needs (Uwem, 2013). This point of view will help researcher to

understand what gratification the target population under study seek to fulfill,

whether the needs are met and what impact the student acquires from the use of

the social media site. Therefore the two theories supported this research study

comprehensively.

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 The Impact of Social Media Usage

Bandura’s Katz’s Use Vygutsky’s

Social & Zone of Constructivism
Learning Gratification proximal Theory
Theory Theory development

Academic Performance

Figure 1.
Theoritical Framework

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 Statement of the Problem

This research intend to determine the impact of social media usage on

academic performance of the grade 11 students in Subangdaku Technical

Vocational School.Specifically seek to answer the following questions.

1. What are the impacts of time appropriateness on students’ academic

performance?

2. What are the impacts of nature of usage on students’ academic performance?

3. What are the effects of these platforms on the academic performance of

students?

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Significance of the Study

This study is significant to the parents and students. This study will help the

teachers of the school to know influence that social media has on their students,

so as to assist them to enlighten and create awareness to the students on the

possible influence it has on them. The study is of significant to parents in the sense

that they will know the possible effects these social media usage has on their

children, so as to serve as watchdog to their children on the usage of the social

networking site. The study will enable the students of the secondary schools to be

aware of the social benefits of this social networking sites and using the sites more

than necessary will possibly endanger their health. It will be relevant in assisting

students in understanding the diversity of social media. It will provide relevance

material for students and other researchers undertaking similar research. The

study will help researchers with more information on the influences of social media

student’s academic performance.

Scope and limitations of the Study

The Scope of the study will be the impact of social media towards the

academic performance of the students in Subangdaku Technical Vocational

School. The primary subject of this will be the grade 11 students enrolled in the

academic year 2023 – 2024. The respondents will be limited to grade 11 students

in all different strands of Subangdaku Technical Vocational School.

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 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

This part discusses the steps and procedures that the researcher will

use in conducting the present study. This includes the research design, flow of

the study, environment of the study, research respondents, research instruments,

data gathering procedure, statistical treatment of data, scoring procedures.

Research Design

The researchers will use Non – Experimental, survey research design.

It aims to gather some numerical data on the students’ time spent on social

media and academic performance. This study aimed to determine the Impact of

social media usage in academic performance of the students in Subangdaku

Technical Vocational School.

Flow of the Study

There are several factors to consider in this study including the Impact

of Social Media Usage and Academic Performance of Grade 11 Students in

Subangdaku technical Vocational School.

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 IINPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

1. What are the

impacts of time
appropriateness on
students’ academic
performance?

2. What are the The Impact of Social

Transmittal Letter
impacts of nature of Media Usage in the
usage on students’ Data Gathering Academic
academic Performance of
Analysis and
performance? STVS grade 11
Statistical Treatment
students.
3. To explore the
Gratification
obtained by
students using
social media in
STVS grade 11
students.

Figure 2.
Flow of the Study

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Environment

The research environment of this study is the Subangdaku Technical

Vocational School which is located at M. Logarta st. Mandaue Cebu City. The

school is part of the South District in the Division of Mandaue City. In 2012, the

school has been chosen as the only model school in Region VII in the early of

implementation of K – 12 Basic Education Program. The school offers technical

vocational specialization to the student such as Metal Works, Auto Mechanics,

Hairdressing, and Food Management which will help the student to devolep their

skills and be ready to find a job after graduation in high school. Another

Technical Vocational subject are also added such as Entrepreneurship, P. C,

Operation and Technical Drawing. The school is also become a recipient of the

Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) throughout the country,

supporting the Technical Vocational pilot school which teachers were given the

opportunity to be trained in their field of specialization both local and abroad.

Sampling Technique

Stratified random sampling was used for data collection. The respondents

will be selected in every section that are available and capable of answering the

questions. Each respondents are given the same questionnaires to answer which

is prepared by the researchers. The result of their responds will help the

researchers to determine the impact of social media usage in the academic

performance of the grade 11 students.

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 Figure 3.
Location Map of the Research Environment
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 Respondents
Respondents of this research were twenty Grade 11 students from
Subangdaku Technical Vocational School.

Table 1
Distribution of Respondents

Grade Level Section Number of Number of Percentage

Students respondents
11 Generosity 23 11 21.57%
Loyalty 39 19 37.25%
Charity 15 8 15.69%
Compassion 27 13 25.49%
Total 104 51 100%

Instruments

The instrument utilized in this study is an adapted questionnaire from

MBABAZI RACHEAL and it is used to gather the impact of social media on

academic performance of the students. The questionnaire is consisting of 10

items with each item consisting four responses.

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Data Gathering Procedure

The researcher make a letter for the approval to conduct the study at

Subangdaku Technical Vocational School in order to gather all the data needed

for the study. The researchers explain the objective and the importance of their

response to the study. Also, the researchers clarify some terms to answer the

survey with full knowledge, honesty and responsibility as the subject of the study.

The researcher’s goal is to determine the (objective of the study) and the

researchers surveyed the respondents who are willing to answer the prepared

questionnaire/survey. After the respondents answered the survey, the researchers

collected and tailed the data for interpretation.

Statistical Treatment of the Data

As soon as the researchers gathered the data, the data gathered were

analyzed and interpreted using the following statistical tools.

1. Percentage. Useful method of expressing the relative frequency of survey

responses and other data.

2. Weighted Mean. Use to provide a more accurate interpretation of data.

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Scoring Procedure

To determine the Impact of Social Media Usage in the Academic

Performance of the Grade 11 students, the parameters below were use in

compliance; the researcher used the approved grading system of Subangdaku

Technical Vocation School on the data gathered. The Verbal Description of

academic performance is adopted from the Department of Education (DepEd).

Academic Performance

Description Grading Scale Grading Scale

Outstanding 90 – 100 Passed
Very Satisfaction 85 – 89 Passed
Satisfactory 80 – 84 Passed
Fairly Satisfactory 75 – 79 Passed
Did not meet the Below 75 Failed
Expectation

Social Media Usage

Rating Definition Interpretation

4 Always Very High (VR)
3 Most of the Time High (H)
2 Sometimes Average (A)
1 Never Low (L)

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 Definition of Terms

Academic Grades. Is the process of applying standardized measurements for

varying levels of achievements in a course.

Academic Performance or Achievement. Is the extent to which a student,

Concentration. The Ability to focus the mind on the subjects, objects or

Education Program.

Scores. A number that expresses accomplishment (as in a game or test) or

excellence (as in quality) either absolutely in points gained or by comparison to a

standard.

Senior High School. Refers to the Grade 11 and 12, the last two years of the K

to 12 Basic Educational Program.

Social Media. They are forms of electronic communication which facilitate

interactive base on certain interests. Social media include web and mobile

technology

Students. Is refers to Grade 11, the last three years of the K – 12 Basic

teacher or institution has attained their short or long – term educational goals.

Thoughts without being distracted.

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 Appendix: Questionnaires

Name [Optional]:_____________________ Section: _____________

GPA:___

Question Strongly Agree Strongly Disagree

Agree Disagree
Addiction to online social networks is a
problematic issue that affect my
academic life.
Online social networks distract me
from my studies.
Hours spent online can never be
compared to the number of hours I
spend reading.
There is no improvement in my grades
since I became engaged into these
social networking sites.
I usually have unlimited access to
Facebook and this has affected my
academic performance negatively.
I engage in academic discussions on
twitter and this has improved my
academic performance
I will not perform well in my academics
even if I stop using social media.
I Solely rely on information gotten from
Wikipedia to do my assignments
without c consulting other sources.
The usage of Wikipedia for research
has helped improve my grades.
Engaging in academic forums on
yahoo reduces my rate of
understanding.