Material Self

•A harvard psychologist in the late nineteenth centuries.

•William James wrote in his book, The Principle of Psychology in 1890 that understanding the self can be examined through its
different components. He described these components as:

(1) ITS CONSTITUENTS; (2) THE FEELINGS AND EMOTIONS THEY AROUSE—SELF FEELINGS (3) THE ACTIONS TO WHICH THEY
PROMPT—SELF SEEKING AND SELF PRESERVATION

• The constituents of the self are composed of: THE MATERIAL SELF, THE SOCIAL SELF, THE SPIRITUAL SELF and THE PURE EGO.
(Trentmann 2016; Green 1997)

• The material self, according to James primarily is about our BODIES, CLOTHES, IMMEDIATELY FAMILY and HOME. We are deeply
affected by these things because we have put much investment of our self to them.

• The innermost part of material self is our body. Intentionally, we are investing in our body. We are directly attached to this
commodity that we cannot live without. We strive hard to make sure that this body functions well and good. Any ailment or
disorder directly affects us. We do have certain preferential attachment or intimate closeness to certain body parts because of its
value to us.

• There were people who get their certain body parts insured. Celebrities, like Mariah Carey who was reported to have placed a
huge amount for the insurance for her vocal cords and legs (Sukman 2016)

•Next to our body are the clothes we use. Influenced by the “Philosophy of Dress” by Herman Lotze. James believed that clothing
is an essential part of the material self. Lotze in his book, Microcosmus, stipulates that “any time we bring an object into the
surface of our body, we invest that object into the consciousness of our personal existence taking in its contours to be our own
and making it part of the self.” (Watson 2014) The fabric and style of the clothes we wear bring sensation to the body to which
directly affect our attitudes and behaviors. Thus, clothes are placed in the second hierarchy of material self. Clothing is a form of
self-expression. We choose and wear clothes that reflect our self (Watson2014).

• Third in the hierarchy is our immediate family. Our parents and siblings hold another great important part of our self. What they
do or become affects us. When an immediate family member dies, part of our self dies, too. When their lives are in success, we
feel their victories as if we are the one holding the trophy. In their failures, we are put to shame or guilt. When they are in
disadvantage situation, there is an urgent urge to help like an voluntary instinct of saving one’s self from danger. We place huge
investment in our immediate family when we see them as the nearest replica of our self.

• The fourth component of material self is our home. Home is where our heart is. It is the earliest nest of our selfhood. Our
experiences inside the home were recorded and marked on particular parts and things in our home. There was an old clichē about
rooms: “ if only walls can speak.” The home thus in an extension of self, because in it, we can directly connect of our self.

• Having investment of self to things, made us attached to those things. The more investment of self-given to the particular thing,
the more we identify ourselves to it. We also tented to collect the possess properties. The collection in different degree of
investment of self, becomes part of the self. As James (1890) described self “a man’s self is the sum total of all what he CAN call
his.” Possessions then become a part or an extension of the self.

WE ARE WHAT WE HAVE

•Russel Belk (1988) posits that “... we regard our possessions as part of our self. We are what we have and what we possess.” The
identification of the self to things started in our infancy stage when we make a distinction among self and environments and
others who may desire our possessions.

• As we grow older, putting importance to material possession decreases. However, material possession gains higher value in our
lifetime if we use material possession to find happiness, associate these things with significant events, accomplishments, and
others in our lives. There are even times, when material possession of a person that is closely identified to the person, gains
acknowledgement with high regard even if the person already passed away. Examples of these are the chair in the dining room
on which the person is always seated, the chair will be constant reminder of a person seated there; a well-loved and kept vehicle
of the person, which some of the bereaved family members have a difficulty to sell of let go of because that vehicle is very much
identified with the owner who passed away; the favorite pet or book, among others that the owner placed a high value, these
favorite things are symbols of the owner. The possessions that we dearly have tell something about who we are, our self-concept,
our past, and even our future.
DIGITAL SELF

With emergence of the internet, the social world has extended into the digital/online sphere. The self that is constructed online is generally
called the digital self. The digital image of people reflects the lifestyle and the kind of life they live. And this subsequently results to intensification
of the pressure by our society to appear pleasant, nice, and having a perfect life on many digital/online social platforms. The self-concept as well
as self-esteem is greatly affected with these societal pressures of perfection and pursuit of the ideal life.

Regardless of the complexity of the digital/online life, one must be reminded of the sincerity and authenticity in establishing and nurturing
his/her online social identity. The risk of distortion of self-concept, self-acceptance, and self-esteem may occur, but with appropriate self-identity
management, being genuine in all sorts of online endeavors will significantly favor the person’s well-being

The Digital Self in the Age of Technology

At the advent of the internet, the social world has transcended to the digital/online sphere. Social media platforms and websites are now
channels for socialization and human development. Social media and the internet make it easier to create and share information, ideas, and
interests worldwide even without physical interaction between people. They also allow people to create other forms of self-expression via virtual
communities and networks, thus may alter the dynamics of self-concept and self-esteem of the people.

Digital identity - Is an online representation of a person, organization, or device, which includes unique identifying information like username,
password, email address, or personal details. In a digital/online environment, a person’s role identity is vitally important in order for them to
project themselves in the said environment, which enables him/her to participate in a virtual society.

Self-Presentation and Impression Management

Self-presentation behavior is any behavior intended to create, modify, or maintain an impression of ourselves in the minds of others (Schlenker,
1990). It helps one facilitate social interactions, enables individuals to attain material and social rewards, and helps people privately construct
desired identities. And because much of our time is spent in the company of other people, self-presentation is a pervasive feature of social life.

Impression management refers to the controlled presentation of information about all sorts of things, including information about other people
or events. People are more motivated to control how others perceived them when they believe that their public images are relevant to the
attainment of desired goals (Leary, 2001)

2 motivations of attempting to manage impressions:

Impression management as an instrument for the person to gain rewards and/or increase one’s selfesteem; impression management as channel
to express one’s behavior and identity. It attempts to control the image to show conformity to moral norms, expectations, or restrictions, and
to show one’s uniqueness. Self-promotion – It is a proactive process in which a person actively says things or takes action to show his/her
competence to an audience (Rosenfeld et al., 1994). Self-promotion often increases whenever there is an opportunity to openly impress
someone of higher status (Rosenfeld et al.,1994). Ingratiation – It refers to the behavior when a person illicitly enacts to make others like him/her
or think well of his/her qualities as a person. Exemplification – It is a process which involves a strategic self-sacrifice so that observers may
recognize the dedication. An exemplifier often wants other people to know how hard she/he has been working because of the need to advertise
his/her behavior (Rosenfeld et al., 1994). Intimidation – It is a strategy that involves showing off authority, power, or the potential to punish in
order to be seen by observers as someone who could be or is dangerous and superior. This is designed to increase the credibility of one’s threats
and in turn enhance the probability that the target will comply with the demands for agreement (Tedeschi and Riess, 1981).Supplication – It is
an approach where an individual exploits her/her weakness or shortcomings to receive help of benefits. A supplicator is motivated to have
others feel sorry for him/her, and the goal is to be perceived as helpless. The tactics may include self-deprecation and requests for assistance.

Nurturing Real Digital Self

The digital/online world allows people to try out different personae that differ from their real-life identities.The following are the most common
reasons:

People want to meet the expectation of others 1. To boost self-esteem 2. To feel a sense of belonging 3.To achieve bigger sense of freedom
4. To striving to be their ideal selves .

People may act differently since interaction in social media does not require physical presence and interaction. With this, people are less likely
to display their real “selves” to others and may entail changes that may negatively and/or positively affect a person’s self-concept, self-
acceptance, and self-esteem. To address problematic situations with the digital/online world and self-concept, Hicks (2010) pointed out that if
we have a clear grasp of selfconcept and image, we can shape our digital self into a self that is more closely aligned with our true self, which has
a sense of integrity and connected wholeness. If we are unable to take control in defining our digital self, then we become increasingly more
dependent on this digital reality and that may have pervasive issues on self-image, self-acceptance, and self-esteem.
 MODULE 8: The Political Self and Being a Filipino

INTRODUCTION

Primary Questions: In your opinion, what does it take to be a proud Filipino? Do you
think that the Philippines is still living in the shadows of the colonizers?

The 1987 Philippine Constitution citizenship of Filipinos are within the Article IV Section
One

ABSTRACTION

Who are Filipinos? How do we distinguish Filipino people from other

nationalities? Do physical characteristics such as having dark hair, flat nose and dark
complexion enough to tell a person is a Filipino. The person’s physical appearance,
language, birth place, and ethnicity are not enough to tell the identity of a person.

WHO IS FILIPINO?

Filipinos are often referenced from globally know personalities who have
made Filipinos better recognized in the world.

Independence Day and Buwan ng Wika celebrations prompt us to go back to our roots.

According to the Philippine Constitution, Filipino citizens are those whose fathers
or mothers are citizen of the Philippines, those born before January 17, 1973, of Filipino
mothers, who elect Philippine citizenship upon reaching the age of majority, and those
who are naturalized according to the law.

Citizenship – a legal relationship between a person and a country. It can be acquired

by birth or naturalization.

Jus soli- right of soil

Jus sanguinis- right of blood

Nationality- the country where you came from.

Culture and history have greatly influenced the manner Filipinos learn, live, and
behave. People who grew in the same community share the same traits and values.

KINDS OF FILIPINO CITIZENS UNDER THE PHILIPPINE CONSTITUTION

• Those who are citizens of the Philippines at the time of the adoption of this
constitution.
• Natural born citizens
• Citizens through election
• Naturalized citizens
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FILIPINO VALUES AND TRAITS
The Philippines is a lush island paradise famous for its grandiose
mountain views, pristine beaches, rich and diverse culture changing from province to
province. While the Philippines may be well known for its awe-inspiring beauty, perhaps
the Filipinos' unique traits, reputable values, and laudable talents make the Philippines
a place to be

Tourists who have visited the Philippines can never forget the:

• Big and Bright smiles that greeted them.

• Colorful and loud jeepneys.
• Common Filipino phrases such as "Mabuhay!" and "Salamat!"
• Habits such as saying "po" at "opo" to the elders.
• Leaving shoes or slippers at the front door before entering a house.
• Importunate asking of "kumain ka na ba?" meaning "Have you eaten yet?"

FILIPINO HOSPITALITY
Is the most common terminology that describes how Filipino welcome
foreigners or tourists who visit the country. It is a pleasure and the country’s honor to
accept foreigners as visitors and build genuine relationships and friendship with them.

RESPECT FOR ELDERS

Respecting elders has always been part of our identity or tradition. A Filipino
child is taught to respect older people or family by greeting them and showing a
gesture by taking the older relative's hand and placing it on his or her own forehead to
express profound respect for the elder called “mano po.” One of the very important words
that a younger person must not miss out on is the word ‘po’ or ‘opo’ because
forgetting to address older people properly will regard them as rude and impolite.
Although there are a lot of ways to show respect, we should always show respect to
elders not just by addressing them but by helping, taking care of them and having a
respectful conversation with them.

CLOSE FAMILY TIES

Filipinos maintain a tight relationship with their families regardless of the
children are old enough and al-ready have families of their own. One or more bloodlines
living in a house, compound, or community; they genuinely take care of each other as
long as they are somewhat biologically connected even after marriage, the couple tends
to stick to either of their bloodlines' homes.

CHEERFUL PERSONALITY
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 Filipinos have been smiling and laughing a lot and this has been a coping
strategy for Filipinos especially during hardships and calamities, maintain a positive
outlook in life which makes them resilient.

SELF-SACRIFICE
Self-sacrificing is an extension to Filipino hospitality. Filipinos extend their help
to their friends and loved ones. They even go to the extent of working abroad to earn
more money and save up for them. Overseas Filipino Workers(OFW) sacrificed a lot
that’s why they are regarded as the modern day Filipino heroes.

BAYANIHAN
Is a Filipino word derived from the word bayan meaning town, nation, or
community in general. It literally means, “being a bayan,” and is thus used to refer to a
spirit of communal unity and cooperation.

"BAHALA NA" ATTITUDE”

One of the most commonly used phrases in the Philippines is bahala na. This
phrase has been so overused that it is sometimes used as a natural reaction. “Bahala
Na” is the Filipino version of the famous line Hakuna Matata which means "no worries".
Hakuna Matata is a Swahili phrase that means "there are no difficulties," The phrase
“Bahala na” originated from "Bathala na" Bathala means God and the phrase means
leaving everything to God's hand.

COLONIAL MENTALITY
Colonial mentality is defined as the perception of ethnic and cultural inferiority
and a form of internal-ized racial oppression. It is regarded as the lack of patriotism or
supporting one’s own nationality. This does not only concern goods, but the desire to
look more foreign than local and keep up with for-eign beauty trends are included. It is
attributed to the centuries of colonization Filipinos had experienced under the Spanish,
American, and Japanese rule.

MANANA HABIT
Filipino term for procrastination originated from the Spanish word "mañana,"
which means tomorrow the delay of priorities to do other activities or simply in Filipino
phrase "mamaya na"

NINGAS KUGON
Ningas- flame

Kugon- Cogon grass

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 The attitude of eagerly staring things, but quickly losing eagerness soon after
experiencing difficulty just as fast as the fire ignited. Laziness- common problem of
the Filipinos that’s why they are regarded as “Juan Tamad” or “Lazy Juan.”

PRIDE
Is an assertion that the people and culture should promote the interest of
the Philippines by developing and maintaining a national identity based on largely
shared characteristics such as language, race, religion or political goals. It is also
when Filipino consider the success of Philippine citizens or foreigners of Philippine
descent–such as boxer Manny Pacquiao, chess prodigy Wesley and so on, as a national
achievement since they were able to accomplish things with they’re amazing talent like
being on national television broadcast.

CRAB MENTALITY
Crab Mentality is a toxic trait among Filipinos where one resents the
achievement of another instead of feeling happy for that person.

This is one of the negative traits of Filipinos. This mindset occurs when someone
desires to always be the greatest, to be the highest of all, and to believe that no one can
compare to his thoughts and abilities. Filipinos should change this troublesome attitude
and focus more on their own inadequacies in order to improve one's self.

FILIPINO TIME
They have this common attitude of arriving late at commitments, dinner, or
parties especially if they are meeting someone close to them. Filipinos refer to being late
as Filipino time.

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 Understanding the Meaning of LIfe
Logotherapy

Logotherapy is a psychotherapy introduced by Dr. Viktor Frankl, who is considered the Father of
Logotherapy. The main belief of logotherapy is that "man's primary motivational force is search for
meaning." Logotherapy aids individuals to find personal meaning of life, whatever life situation they may
be.

In logotherapy, meaning can be discovered by creating a work or doing a deed, experiencing something or
encountering someone and the attitude toward unavoidable suffering. According to the Victor Frankl
Institute of Logotheraphy (n.d.), it uses the philosophy of optimism in the face of tragedy, where people are
capable of "turning suffering into human achievement and accomplishment deriving from guilt the
opportunity to change oneself for the better, and deriving from life's transitoriness an incentive to take
responsible action."

Basic Concepts of Franklian Psychology

The Franklian Psychology has the basic concepts. These are the following:

• Life has meaning under all circumstances.

• Main motivation for living is our will to find meaning in life.
• Freedom to find meaning.

Furthermore, Franklian Psychology aims to: (1) become aware of spiritual resources, (2) make conscious
spiritual resources, and (3) use "defiant power of the human spirit and stand up against adversity.

Logotherapy Assumptions

All psychotherapies make philosophical assumptions about the human ersons that cannot be proved with
certainty, Viktor Frankl Institute of Logotherapy (n.d.) states the assumptions of logotherapy, which include
the following:

1. The human being is an entity consisting of body, mind, and spirit. This first assumption deals with the
body (soma), mind (psyche), and spirit (noos). According to Frankl, the body and mind are what we have
and the spirit is what we are,

2. Life has meaning under all circumstances, even the most miserable. Assumption two is "ultimate
meaning." This is difficult to grasp but it is something everyone experiences and it represents an order in a
world with laws that go beyond human laws.

3. People have a will to meaning. The third assumption is seen as our main motivation for living and
acting. When we see meaning, we are ready for any type of suffering. This is considered to be different than
our will to achieve power and pleasure.

4. People have freedom under all circumstances to activate the will to find meaning. Assumption four is
that we are free to activate our will to find meaning, and this can be done under any circumstances. This
deals with change of attitudes about unavoidable fate. Frankl was able to test the first four assumptions when
he was confined in the concentration camps.

5. Life has a demand quality to which people must respond if decisions are to be meaningful. The fifth
assumption, the meaning of the moment, is more practical in daily living than ultimate meaning. Unlike
ultimate meaning this meaning can be found and fulfilled. This can be done by following the values of
society or by following the voice of our conscience.

6. The individual is unique. The sixth assumption deals with one's sense of meaning. is enhanced by the
realization that we are irreplaceable.

In essence, all humans are unique with an entity of body, mind, and spirit. We all go through unique
situations and are constantly looking to find meaning. We ire free to do these at all times in response to
certain demands.

Frankl's Sources of Meaning

Popova (2017) discussed Viktor Frankl's work. There are three possible sources of the meaning of life:
purposeful work, courage in the face of difficulty, and love.

1. Purposeful Work. To find the meaning of life starts with holding a future goal. Each individual has each
own future goal to achieve or a task to perform. That task or goal to fulfill becomes the meaning of their life.
Therefore, meaning of life is unique to every individual.

2. Courage in the Face of Difficulty. A meaningful life is a life with suffering. Suffering is inevitable part
of life. To find meaning of life is to recognize suffering, pain, and death as part of life and to have the
courage to face these life difficulties.

3. Love. Popova (2017) quoted Dr. Frankl's notes about his experience in the Camp: "For hours I
stood hacking at the icy ground. The guard passed by, insulting me, and once again I communed with my
beloved. More and more I felt that she was present, that she was with me: I had the feeling that I was able to
touch her, able to stretch out my hand and grasp hers. The feeling was very strong: she was there. Then, at
that very moment, a bird flew down silently and perched just in front of me, on the heap of soil which I had
dug up from the ditch, and looked steadily at me."

Dr. Frankl's wife, parents, and some relatives were victims of gas chambers. His love for his wife kept him
fight for his life. Popova (2017) also quoted Dr. Frankl's definition of love: "Love is the only way to grasp
another human being in the innermost core of his personality. No one can become fully aware of the very
essence of another human being unless he loves him. By his love, he is enabled to see the essential traits and
features in the beloved person; and even more, he sees that which is potential in him... Furthermore, by his
love, the loving person enables the beloved person to actualize these potentialities. By making him aware of
what he can be and of what he should become, he makes these potentialities come true."

Costello (2015) captured Viktor Frankl's message: "The ultimate secret on the spiritual foundation of life is
that love is salvation and joy eternity." The ultimate factor to find the meaning of life is love.
SPIRITUAL SELF

Some World Religious Beliefs And Practices

There are different religious with different beliefs and practices. Some of the major world religious are Buddhism,
Christianity, Hinduism, Islam, and Judaism.

BUDDHISM is one of the world’s major religions. It originated in South Asia around the 5th century B.C.E. with
Siddhartha Gautama, and over the next Millennia it spread across Asia and the rest of the world.

BELIEFS

Buddhism believes that life is not a bed of roses. Instead, there are suffering, pain, and frustrations. This reactive cycle
can be broken through the practice of mediation, acquiring more wisdom and deeper understanding, and acceptance
of things as they are.

CUSTOMS AND PRACTICES

• Samatha - practiced as mindfulness of breathing and development of kindness ( Metta Bhavana)

• Vipassana - aim at developing insight into reality –

• Acquiring wisdom is by studying Buddha’s teaching , the dharma.

• Buddhist believe in non-violence principle.

Some of the major Buddhist celebrations:

Parinirvana Day(feb. 15th)

-(nirvana after death) - a time for contemplation rather than celebration

Buddha day (wesak)- may

Dharma day (july) - known as ASALHA PUJA DAY - it’s a day for Buddhist to show their gratitude to the buddha for
his teachings, known as dharma.

Padmasambhava day (oct.)

Sangha day (nov.)

CHRISTIANITY - A monotheistic religion centered around the life, teaching, death, and resurrection of Jesus Christ. It
was based on the teaching of the son of God.

WHAT IS THE HOLY TRINITY?

BELIEFS

Christians believe in Trinitarian God. One God in 3 personas: God the Father (creator), God The Son(savior), God the
Holy Spirit(sustainer) Holy Bible – a selection of book, which is divide into 2: old testament and new testament.

CUSTOM’S AND PRACTICES

Practices:

Sacrament of baptism- symbolizes the birth in christian world. Sacrament of communion -an act of remembrance of
Jesus Christ sacrificial love.

Two major celebration in christianity:

Christmas – usually on December 25, commemorate of Jesus CChrist

Resurrection Sunday (depends on lunar calendar, sometime march or april) celebrates the resurrection of Jesus Christ
from death
HINDUISM - one othe oldest religion in the world. Characterized by the darma ( moral and ethical duties), karma (the
law of the cause and effect), and moksha ( liberation from the cycle of birth and death).

BELIEFS:

HINDUS believe that existence is a cycle of birth, death, and rebirth, governed by karma (a concept where the
reincarnated life will depend on how the past life was spent.

CUSTOMS AND PRACTICES:

Most celebrated festivals of the hindus:

Diwali ( the festival of lights )

Navrati (the festival of nine nights, which celebrate the triumph of good over evil.

ISLAM - A monotheistic religion founded in the 7th century CE by the prophet Muhammad. There belief is the oneness
of God (Allah) and the acceptance of Muhammad as the final prophet and messenger of God.

BELIEFS

MUSLIMS believe in Allah, who is their “One God”.

ISLAM means ‘willing submission to God’

MUSLIMS believe that Mohammed is the last and final prophet sent by God.

QURAN- the holy book of islam.

CUSTOMS AND PRACTICE:

Muslim believe in the five pillars of islam:

Shahadah- statement of fate: “there is no God but the one true God and Mohammed is the messenger”

Salat- the prayer that is practice five times a day.

Zakat- the monetary offering for the benefit of the poor.

Hajj- the yearly pilgrimage to Mecca. Muslim who can afford are asked to do the pilgrimage at least once in their
lifetime.

Sawn- the fasting. Muslim so fasting, from food, drinks, and sexual act, during the celebration of Ramadan.

TWO MAJOR FESTIVAL IN ISLAM:

EIDULFITR- the celebration at the end of ramadan

EUDUL-ADHA- celebrate within the completion of the pilgrimage, the Hajj.

JUDAISM - One of the oldest monotheistic religion in the world. they believe in one God -the creator of the universe
and the source of moral and ethical guidance. The SABBATH, which is the Saturday, is a significant weekly observe for
Jews.

BELIEFS

JEWS believe in God of Abraham, the same God the liberated the Hebrew slaves from Egypt to Canaan, the Promised
Land. They believe in the coming of Messiah, the savior. The sacred scripture of the Jews is called the TORAH or the
LAW

CUSTOMS AND PRACTICES

5 major festival observed by the Jesus: Rosh Hashanah -the mew year, Yom Kippur – the day of atonement , Pesach-
passover , Shavuot- pentecost , Hanukkah – Festival of lights
Filipino Markers
What then are the hallmarks of our being a Filipino? What makes us truly relish in our being a Filipino? The
following are constant reminders of our nationality.

Filipino markers are the distinct attributes and cultural cues that collectively identify an individual as a proud
Filipino. These markers encompass a rich tapestry of signs, symbols, and behaviors that symbolize one’s
strong connection to the Philippines and their heritage. Some of the constant reminder as notable Filipino
markers are proverbs or salawikain, superstition, myths and legends, and national heroes and icons.

1. Proverbs or Salawikain
Proverbs or salawikain is a short, catchy saying that provides useful life advice or expresses a well-
established truth. Filipino proverbs, just like any other proverbs, are sayings that convey lessons and
reflections on Filipino practices, beliefs, and traditions Damiana Eugenio, regarded as the Mother of
Philippine Folklore, classified proverbs into six categories (Eugenio, 2000):
An example of a Filipino proverb is the saying "Kung may tiyaga, may nilaga," which means that hard work
will be rewarded if one is persistent.
2. Superstitions
Superstition - A belief or way of behaving that is based on fear of the unknown and faith in magic or luck.

Filipinos also subscribe to their own set of superstitions passed down from generation to generation. Some
of these may be influenced by beliefs from other cultures, but Filipinos have retold these superstitions
according to their own experiences and they sometimes end up even more interesting. According to a
Filipino superstition, a woman singing while cooking will end up a spinster so parents remind their daughters
to avoid singing while preparing their meals. Filipinos also avoid taking picture in threes as the one in the
center is said to die, according to another superstition.
3. Myths and Legends
Due to the Philippines’s rich culture and history numerous myths and legends have sprung about things that
are beyond one’s imagination. These stones are aimed to explain the ongoing of things at the same time,
teach a valuable lesson. Some of these stones stemmed in pre- Christianity period, but have evolved to the
stories we know today. A famous Filipino legend is about the origin of the pineapple fruit, It is about a story
of a young and lazy girl named Pina who always asked where her mother kept the things she needed without
looking for them first. When Pina’s mother got tired of being asked where she hut her things, her mother
wished that eyes be planted on Pina’s face se she would start using them. To her mother’s surprise the next
morning, Pina was gone and a fruit sprung in the yard. Implanted with “eyes all around its body which was
later called “pinya, “the Filipino term for “pineapple”
4.Heroes and lcons

Heroes serve as a reminder of true patriotism and nationalism as they have sacrificed their lives for the sake
of their country’s freedom and progress. Every year, we lend a whole day to celebrate our heroes, usually
the last Monday of August, to remember their greatness, bravery, and resilience that has led to the freedom
we know today famous Filipino icons such as Lea Salonga, Manny Pacquiao, and our very own national hero,
Jose Rizal, also serve as important Filipino markers as they have made the Filipino name more pronounced
worldwide through their own expertise.
“HOW TO BE A GOOD FILIPINO”

A Good Filipino citizen is an individual who abides by the laws and regulations set forth by the government
of the Philippines. They show respect for others, particularly towards their fellow citizens, and contribute
positively towards their community and country. They are honest, compassionate, and exhibit good moral
character.

Additionally, a Good Filipino citizen is mindful of their obligations and responsibilities as a member of
society and strives to uphold the values and principles that are important to their culture and country. They
are responsible, respectful, and empathetic towards others, while also being mindful of their actions and their
impact on society.

A Good Filipino citizen is also dedicated to improving the country by supporting economic growth and
development, promoting social justice, and actively participating in the democratic process. This includes
participating in civic activities, practicing good governance, being environmentally responsible, and
promoting social harmony and equality.

Here are the summarized guidelines on how to be a good Filipino:

1. Follow the laws and regulations of the Republic of the Philippines.
2. Show respect for the rights and dignity of others.
3. Contribute positively to the development and progress of your community and country. 4. Actively
participate in civic activities such as voting, volunteering, and community service.
5. Practice good governance and accountability in your personal and professional life.
6. Be environmentally responsible and promote sustainability.
7. Uphold values such as honesty, integrity, respect, and compassion in your daily life.
8. Foster social harmony and equality by treating others with fairness and kindness.
9. Educate yourself on the history, culture, and traditions of the Philippines.
10. Help to promote and preserve Filipino culture and heritage both locally and globally.