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142 views38 pagesAsme 3
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/ 38
ASME B30.16-2007
(Revision of ASME B30.16-2003)
Overhead Hoists
(Underhung)
Safety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists,
Hooks, Jacks, and Slings
AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD
Cx Ue
Petr ue EN axe tg
COO eta TED]
Overhead Hoists
(Underhung)
Safety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists,
Hooks, Jacks, and Slings
AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD sfisuance: ty 23, 2007
The next edition of this Standard is scheduled for publication in 2010. There will be no addenda
issued to this edition,
ASME issues mitten replies to inquires concerning interpretations of technical aspects ofthis
Standard, Interpretations are published on the ASME Web site under the Committee Pages at
hp: estoos.asme.org as they ae ised, and wl also be published within the next eton of the
Standard
ASME she vested radenan of The American Seley of Mechanical Eire
This eae o sandre wae developed under prcedues aceite 3s mewn the er er Aes Nan
undue Sturdrds Crates ut sped the code or undard was bald to exer hat nds
npeten ang conered meres fate hada sporty patente. The propor ode andr wae mae
‘velablefor pubic reve and comment that proves an opportunity fa aBdtonal pub mpuom nus, aden
regulatory agencies, ond he Pubes ame
SME does rot “pave "ae" “dose” ay te, constrcten,propetay dee, oat,
ASME does nl tate oy poston wih respect the vay of oy pale ih asserted conwecion wt ay
seme mertaned this document dot net undef are sane hang trad pst ably
Iningemen ofa aplabe eters ater or assume sy Suh Yee. Uses cde o” Stand ae xpessy
‘trey tne omr report 7
Parklaton by fede agency representatives peso) afated wih ins snot t be ered as
"SME acatmspaey fr ny hoe neta a he dca sued nacareance wt the stables
The Amerian Sai of Macanclgnees
‘ee Pnk enue, Ne Ya WY 100165990
opp © 2007 by
‘Ais veseves CONTENTS.
Foreword
‘Committe Roster
B30 Standard Introduction
‘Summary of Changes
Chapter 16.0 Scope, Definitions, and References.
Seaton 160.1 Scope of 630.6
Section 1602 Definitions
Section 1603 References
Chapter 16-1 Marking, Construction, and Installation.
Section 1611 Marking
Section 1612 Constrction
Secon 1613 Installation
Chapter 16:2 Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance
Section 162.1 Inspection
Section 162.2 Testing
Section 162.3. Maintenance
Section 162.4 Rope Inspection, Replacement, and Maintenance
Section 1625 Welded Link Chain inspection, Replacement, andl Maintenance
Section 1626. Roller Chain Inspection, Replacement, ane Maintenance
Chapter 16:3. Operation
Section 163.1 Hoisting Practices for Operators
Section 1632 Handling the Load
Section 163.3 Hoist Lockout Tago
Hand Chain-Operated Chain Hoist
Flecri Powered Chain Hoist
Ait Powered Chain Hoist
FleciniePowered Wire Rope Hoist
‘Ait Powered Wire Rope Hoist
Inspection for Hand Chain-Operated Hoists
Inspection for Eletnic-or Air Powered Hoists
wok asennad
Rn FOREWORD
‘This American National Standard, Safety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derick, Hoists,
Hooks, Jacks, ana Slings, has been developed under the procedures accredited by the American
[National Standards Institute (formerly the United States of America Standards Institute). This
Standard had its beginning in December 1916 when an eight-page Code of Safety Standards for
Cranes, prepared by an ASME Committee on the Protection of Industrial Workers, was presented
to the annual meeting of ASME.
Meetings and discussions regarding safety on cranes, derricks, and hosts were held from 1920,
to 1925, involving: the ASME Safety Code Correlating Commitee, the Assocation of Ten and
Stel Electrical Enginers the American Museum of Safety, the American Engineering Sandands
Committee (later changed to American Standards Association and subsequently to the USA
Standards Institute), Department of Labor — State of New Jersey, Department of Labor and
Industry — State of Pennsylvania, and the Locomotive Crane Manufactures Assocation. On
June Ii, 195, the American Engineering Standards Committee approved the ASME Safety Code
Correlating Committe's recommendation and authorized the projet, with the US. Department
of the Navy, Bureau of Yards and Docks, and ASME as sponsors
In March 1926, invitations were issued to 50 organizations to appoint representatives to a
Sectional Commitee. The eal for organization of this Sectional Comanittee was sent out October
2.1926, and the committee organized November 4, 1926, with 57 members representing 9 national
fonganizations. The Safety Code for Cranes, Derrick and Fists, ASA B30.2-1943, was created
from the eight-page dacsment referred tain the Gest paragraph. This document was reaffirmed
in 1952 and widely accepted asa safety standard,
Due wo chengesin desig, advancement in techniques, and general interest of abor and industry
\n safety, the Sectional Committe, under the joint sponsorship of ASME and the Naval Facilities
Engineering Command, US, Department of the Navy, was reorganized as an American National
Standards Committe on January 31,1962, with 39 members representing 27 national organi2a-
"The format of the previous code was changed so that separate standards (each complete as to
construction and installation: inspection testing, and maintenance; and operation) will cover the
tlferent types of equipment included in the scope of B50,
In 1982, the Committee was reorganized as an Accredited Organization Committe, operating
under procedures developed by ASML and accredited by the American National Standards
Institute
“This Standard presents a coordinated sct of rules that may serve asa guide to government
and other gulatory bodies and municipal authorities responsible fr the guarding and inspection
Of the equipment falling within its scape. The suggestions leding to accident prevention ae
given both as mandatory and advisory provisions; compliance with both types may be ruined
by employers of their employees.
In case of practical difficulties, new developments, oF unnecessary hardship, the administrative
or regulatory authority may grant variances from the iteral requirements or permit the use of
ther devices or methods, but only when itis clearly evident that an equivalent degree of
protection is thereby secured. To secure uniform application and interpretation ofthis Standard,
Sdministrative or egulatory authorities are urged to consult the B30 Committe, in accordance
With the format described in Section IX, before rendering decisions on disputed points
‘This Volume ofthe standard, which was approved by the 130 Committee and by ASME, was
approved by ANSI and designated as an American National Standard on January 1, 207
‘Safety codes and standards ae intended to enhance publicsaety. Revisions rest from commit-
tec consideration of factors suchas technological advances, new data, and changing environmental
and industry needs, Revisions do not imply that previos editions were inadequate ASME B30 COMMITTEE
Safety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists,
Hooks, Jacks, and Slings
(ie falonng the ster of he Comme athe tine of aporoval of Bs Sand)
‘STANDARDS COMMITTEE OFFICERS
1D, Wendl, Secretary
‘STANDARDS COMMITTEE PERSONNEL
roe eras, Mstech heron Barty tomate Calumacs Menton Cor
5.8. hethoston, teat, 1 05Po DM slightholn, Aral Srdon Ametcan Copy
1b: Bown. Brom ne XC bi seat Eneeng
ME Brune he Mentowee Cane cau, 1. wsith,Aerats coca Be and ron co,
TTA Citesen sone af Acerca isuestibry Math GL Owens rate Corsa,
natrnce 1 armel re Rope pg Consllonsncsta! Fang
se We arty ey el er
rl Dyas, lec Boat
[re Riehardton, Us. Deparnet ote hae
EW. Dowms ey Alteate, Doms Cane za Host
1. Dewar iraton! Union of Operating Enger:
HONORARY MEMBERS
1.M ibe, Lit ca, ne 1830.16 SUBCOMMITTEE PERSONNEL
Auth, Cha Mons Material Handog Hess, Haron Hes, ne
[i en, iat rane eter WG nih, Lees Coney Sens, ne
Sam casey, Eee Boat EK Maur, colmous Mewar Cap
1X Danietar, Tre Soi Co. CD Means ears Caseig ad Cos
IU Gordon, Recs chino Ung Prtucts I. Stam, Care's es ck Snice SAFETY STANDARD FOR CABLEWAYS, CRANES, DERRICKS, HOISTS,
HOOKS, JACKS, AND SLINGS
B30 STANDARD INTRODUCTION
SECTION I: SCOPE
The ASME B30 Standard contains provisions that
apply othe construction, installation, operation, nspec-
ton, testing, maintenance, and use of cranes and other
iting and material-handling related equipment, For the
convenienceof the reader, the Standard has been divided,
into separate volumes, Each volume has been written,
sander the direction of the ASME B30Standards Commit.
tecand hassuceessully completed a consensus approval
process under the general asspices of the American
National Standards institute (ANSD,
"As of the date of issuance ofthis Volume, the B30
Standard comprises the following volumes:
BO Jacks
8302 Overhead and Gantry Cranes (Top Running
Bridge, Single or Multiple Gieder, Top Rune
ring Tolley Hoist)
18503 Construction Tower Cranes
1550.4 Portal, Tower, and Pedestal Cranes
S05 Mobile and Locomotive Cranes
506. Dersicks
15307 Base Mounted Dram Hoists
1830.8 Floating Cranes and Floating Derricks
BIS Slings
130,10 Hooks
SOIL Monorals and Undethung Cranes
BBH2 Handling Loads Suspended From Rotorcraft
0.13 Retrieval (5/R) Machines and Asso
Equipment
30.14 Side Boom Tractors
830.15 Mobile Hydric Cranes
(osithézaven 1982 — requirements found in
latest revision of 8305)
BBSI16 Overhead Hosts (Underhung)
3017 Overhead and Gantry Cranes (Top Running
Bridge Single Girder, Underhung Hoist)
[30.18 Stacker Cranes (Top er Under Running
Bridge, Multiple Girder With Top or Under
‘Running Trolley Hoist)
S019 Cableways
183020 Below-the-Hook Lifting Devices
3021 Manually Lever Operated Hoists
183022 Articulating Boom Cranes
830.23 Personnel Lifting Systeme
om
183024 Container Cranes?
13025. Serap and Material Handlers
33025 Rigging Hardware
183027 | Materia! Placement Systems
18028 Balance Lifting Units
SECTION II: SCOPE EXCLUSIONS
‘The B30 Standard does not apply to track and automo-
tive jacks, allway or automobile wrecking cranes, ship-
board cranes, shipboard cargo-handling equipment,
wwell-arilling derricks, skip hoists, mine hoists, truck
body hoists, car or barge pullers, conveyors, excavating
equipment, or equipment covered under the scope of
the following standards: A10, 17, A80, A82, A120, 620,
156, and 7
SECTION III: PURPOSE
‘The B30 Standard i intended to
(a) prevent o minimize injury to workers, and other
wise provide forthe protection off, im, and property
by presaribing safety requirements
(©) provide direction to manufacturers, owners,
employers, users, and others concerned with oF respon
Sole for, ts application
(0 guide governments and other regulatory bodies
fn the development, promulgation, and enforcement of
‘propriate ete directives
SECTION IV: USE BY REGULATORY AGENCIES.
These Volumes may be adopted in wile atin part
for governmental or regulatory use If adopted for gov
ferment use, the references to other national codes
land standards inthe specific vwolmes may be changed
{erreferto the corresponding regulations of the govern
mental authorities,
SECTION V: EFFECTIVE DATE
(a) Efctioe Date, The efective date ofthis Volume of
‘the B30 Standard shall be 1 year ater its date of issuance. Construction, installation, inspection, testing, mainte:
ance, and operation of equipment manufactured and
facies constricted after the effective date ofthis Vol
sume shall conform to the mandatory requirements of
this Volume,
() Existing installations. Equipment manufactured
and facilites constructed prot to the effective date of
this Volume ofthe 830 Standard shall be subject tothe
inspection testing, maintenance, ard operation require:
‘ments ofthis Standard alter the effective date
tis not the intent of this Volume ofthe 30 Standard
to require retrofitting of existing equipment. However,
‘when an item isbeing modified, performance ruire-
‘ments shall be reviewed relative to the requirements
‘within the curent volume. The need to meet the earrent
requirements shal be evaluated by a qualifed person
selected by the owner (user. Recommended changes
Shall be made by the owner (user) within | year
'SECTION Vi: REQUIREMENTS AND
RECOMMENDATIONS,
Requirements ofthis Standard are characterized by
use ofthe word stall Recommendations a his Standard
are characterized by the word should
SECTION Vil; USE OF MEASUREMENT UNITS
‘This Standard contains SI (metric) units as well as
US. Customary units The vakies stated in cstomary
units are to he regarded as the standard. The SI units
are 8 direct (of) conversion from the customary unis
‘SECTION VII” REQUESTS FOR REVISION
‘The B30 Standards Committee will consider requests
{or revision of any of the volumes within the 880 Stan
dard, Such requests shosld be directed to
Secretary, B30 Standards Committee
[ASME Codes and Standards
‘Three Park verse
New York, NY 10016-5990,
‘The requests should bein the following format
Volume: Cite the designation and ttle ofthe volume.
Edition: Cite the applicable edition ofthe volume
Subject Cite the applicable paragraph number(s)
sind the relevant heading)
Request: Indicate the suggested revision
Rationale: State the rationale for the suggested
Lpen receipt by the Secretary, the request will be
{forwarded tothe relevant BS Suncommtee for consid
«eration and action. Correspondence will be provided to
the requester defining the actions undertaken by the
130 Standards Committe
‘SECTION IX: REQUESTS FOR INTERPRETATION
"The B30 Standards Committe will ender an interpre:
tation of the provisions of the B30 Standard. Such
requests should be directed to:
Secretary, R20 Standards Committee
[ASME Codes and Standards
‘Three Park Avene
[New York, NY 10016-5990
"The requests should be in the following format
Volume: Cite the designation and tite ofthe volume,
Elion: Cite the applicable edition of the volume,
Subject Cite the applicable paragraph number(s)
and the relevant headingt)
(Question: Phrase the question as a request for an inter-
prelation of a specific provision suitable for
jeneral understanding and use, not as a
equest for approval ofa proprietary design
or situation, Plans or drawings that explain
‘he question may be submitted to clarify the
question. However, hey should not contain
any proprietary names a information.
Upon receipt by the Secretary, the request will be
forwarded to the relevant B30 Subcommittee for a draft
response, which will ten be subject to approval by the
150 Standards Committe prior to is formal issuance
Interpretations tothe BM) Standard wil be published
in the subsequent edition ofthe respective volume and
will be available online a hep: esteoisasme org
‘SECTION X: ADDITIONAL GUIDANCE
"The equipment covered by the BBO Standard is subject
tohazards that cannot be abated by mechanical means,
Ipat only by the exercise of intelligence, care, and com.
mon sense. Its therefore esental to have personnel
involved in the use and operation of equipment who
are competent, careful, physically and mentally quali
fied, and trained in the proper operation ofthe equip
ment and the handling ofioads. Serious hazards include,
Dut are not limited to improper oF inadequate mainte-
nance, overloading, dropping oF slipping of the load,
‘obstructing the fee passageor the load, and using equip:
ment for @ purpose for which it was not intended or
ds
“The 830 Standards Committee fully realizes the
Importance of proper design factors, minimum oF max
mum dimensions, and other limiting criteria of wire
rope or chain and ther fastenings, sheaves, sprockets,
drums, and similar equipment covered by the standard, all of which are closely connected with safety. Sizes,
Strengths, and simular criteria ae dependent on many
Aliferent factors, often varying with te installation and
foses These factors depend on
(a) the condition of the equipment or material
(0) the loads
{c) the acceleration or speed ofthe ropes, chains,
sheaves, sprockets, or drums
(a) the lype of attachments
(6) the number, size, and arrangement of sheaves oF
other parts
(f) eovironmental conditions causing corrosion oF
(@) many variables that must be considered in each
inciviual case
“The requirements and recommendations provided in
the volumes must be interpreted accordingly, and judg
ment used in determining thei application ASME B30.16-2007
SUMMARY OF CHANGES
Following approval by the ASME B20 Committee and ASME, a after public review, ASME
'50.16-2007 was approved by the American National Standards Institute on January 16, 2007
ASME B30.16-2007 includes revisions that are identified by a margin note, (07), The folowing is
‘simmary of the latest revisions and changes
Page Location Change
vib Introduction Revised
3 Section 1602 Definition of fist porto, dedicated and
ost operator nontedicatd added
5 Section 1603, Revised
6 wia2 (1) Paragraph redesignated as
subparagraph (a) and revised
(@) Subparagraph (b) added
wwi2 Subpparageaphs (b) and (9) revised
8 161.28 Subparagraphs (b), () and (e) revised
° 16134 () Paragraph redesignated as
subparagraph (a)
(2) Subparagraph b) added
‘SPECIAL NOTE:
The interpretations to ASME 30.16 are included inthis edition as a separate section for the on
OVERHEAD HOISTS (UNDERHUNG)
Chapter 16-0
Scope, Definitions, and References
SECTION 16-0.1: SCOPE OF 830.16
Volume 890.16 includes provisions that apply to the
construction instalation, operation inspection, testing,
fnd maintenance of hand chain-operated chain hoists
tnd electric and air powered chain and wire rope hoist:
‘used fr but no limited to, vertical lifting and lowering
of frely suspended, unguided loads which consist of
‘quipment and materials, (See Figs. 1 through 5)
Requirements for holst that is used for a special
purpose, such a, but not limited to, tensioning 2 load,
ronvertical lifting service, iting a guided load, liting
personnel, o drawing both the lasd and the hoist sp
Drdown theload chain or rope when the host satached
‘o the Toad, are not included in this Volume
SECTION 16-0.2: DEFINITIONS
anormal operating conditions: enwironenental conditions
thatare unfavorable, haerafulo deteimenal to the oper-
ation ofa host, such a excessively high o lowe ambient
femperatures, exposure to weather, corosive fumes,
ddustladen or molstureladen atmospheres, and hazard
‘us locations,
administrative or regulatory authority: governmental
fagency, or the employer in the absence of governmental
jurisdiction,
appointed: assigned specific responsibilities by the
templayer or the employers representative.
authorized: appointed by a duly constituted administer
tive or regulatory authority
ok, aad: the assembly of hook or shackle swivel bear-
Ing, sheaves, sprockets, pins, and frame suspended by
{he hoisting rope oF load chain. Tas shall include any
appurtenances reved inthe hosting rope or load chain,
rake: a devie, other than 4 motor, used for retarding
‘or stopping motion by friction or power means.
rake, holding’ friction brake fora host hats automat
cally applied and prevents motion when powers of
‘rake, mechaizl oad an automatic typeof rcton brake
sed for controlling loads in a lowering dzection. This
‘unidirectional device requires torque from the motor
hand chain wheel to lower a load but does not impose
any additonal load on the moter or hand chain whee!
‘when lifting a loa.
raking conral:a method of controlling peed by remo
ing energy from the moving body or by imparting
energy in the opposite direction.
braking, countetorgue (plugging) a method of control by
‘which the power #0 the motor i reversed to develop
torque in the direction opposite to the rotation ofthe
sot
braking, dynamic: 2 method of contoling speed by using
the motor ata generator, withthe energy being dis
pated by resistance,
raking ey curent-2 method a controlling or resdacing,
speed by means of an energy induction load brake
braking, mechanical a method of consoling or reducing
speed by friction
raking, eumati: a method of controlling or powering,
a drve or brake by means ofa compressed gas
braking, regenerative: a method of controlling speed in
‘which the electrical energy generated by the motor is
{fed back into the power system,
chan, had the chai grasped by a person to apply force
required forthe lifting oF lowering motion.
hn, load the load-bearing chain ina hoist.
chan, rll: a series of alterately assembled roller links
fad pin links in which the pins articulate inside the
bushings and the rollers are free to turn onthe bushings.
Pins and bushings are press fit in their respective link
plates.
han, welded Tink: a chain consisting of a series of inter-
‘woven links formed and welded,
esgnat person a person selected or assigned by the
employer or the employer srepresentativeas being com
petent to perform speciic duties
Aram: the cylindrical member around which rope is
‘wound for lifting or lowering the loa.
1 Fig. 1 Hand Chain-Operated Chain Hoist
2. Electr Powered Chain Hoist
‘quaizer a device that compensates for unequal length
fof stretch ofa rope oF hain,
exposed: applics to hazardous objects net guarded or
{isolated (capable of being contacted inadvertent).
guide, chain: means to guide the load chain atthe load
Sprocket,
hazardous (lasified) locations: locations where fire oF
‘explosion hazards may exist Locations are classified
depending on the properties of the flammable vapors,
liguids o gases, or combustible dusts or Sbers that may
bbe present and the likeiNood that a Nammable or com
Dbutible concentration or quantity is present. Refer to
ANSI/NFPA 70.
‘lass 1 locations locations in which flammable gases
for vapors are or may be preset in the air in quantities
sufficient to prodice explosive of ignitable mixtures
‘lass lotions locations that are hazandous Because
of the presence of combustible dust.
‘lass 3 ction locations that are hazardous becase
‘of the presence of easly ignitable fibers or Byings, Dut
in which such fibers or flyings are not likely t0 be in
suspension in the air n quantities sufficient to produce
ignitable mixtures.
sta suspended machinery unit that is used for iting
‘of lowering a freely suspended (unguided) load
ist operator, dedicated: an employee whos ja is nor
mally confined solely to the operation of an overhead
hoist.
ost operator, nondediated: an employee who genecally
uses an overhead hoist asa tool to assist inthe perform
{ance of his/her regular je.
Lifting devices: devices that are not normally reeved onto
the hoist rope or chain, such as hook-on Buckets, mag
nets, grabs, and other supplemental devices used for
case of ancling certain types of loads, The weight of
these devices isto be considered part ofthe load to be
hited,
limit device: a device that is operated by some part oF
motion of a power-driven hoist to limit motion,
‘oad: the total superimposed weight onthe load block
‘oF hook, Fig. 3. Alr-Powered Chain Holst
load ted the maximum load for which a hoist is desig
rated by the manufacturer or a qualified person,
toad suspension parts: the load suspension parts of the
hoist are the means of suspension (Rook or Iug), the
structure or housing that supports the drum of load.
sprocket, the érum or load sprocket, the rope or load.
chain, the sheaves or sprockets, and the lead block oF
hook
lackoutagout: the placement of alock/tag onthe energy
'solating device it accordance with an established pro-
cedure
rin braking strength specifi value for wie rope
Which the actual (measured) breaking force meets oF
exceeds,
normal operating contons: conditions during which a
hoist is performing functions within the scope of the
‘orginal design
overload: any load greater than the rated load,
cvertnce rstrant: a device used to prevent the slack
load chain from inadvertently being lowered out ofthe
lond sprocket.
parts (ines: number of ines of ope or chain supporting
fhe load block or hook.
pl» device for holding the machinery against unde-
Sred rotation by engaging a ratchet.
penviant station: controls ssspended from the hoist for
‘operating the unit from the floor.
power transmission parts: the machinery components
Including the gears, shafts, clutches, couplings bearings,
motors, and brakes
{qualified person: person who, by possession of recog
fized degree in an applicable fed, or certificate of pro-
fessional standing, oF who, by extensive knowledge,
training, and experience has successfully demonstrated
the ability to solve or resolve problems relating tthe
subject matter and work,
‘teeta toothed member for engagement with the pave
‘rein system in which a rope or chain travel round
rams, sheaves, oF sprockets,
ope: refers to wirerope unless otherwise specified
service ew: servce that involves operation within the
ted load limit, which exceeds normal service
service, normal: service that involves operation with an
domly distributed loads within the rated load Kini, of
‘uniform loads less than 65% of rated lad for not more
than 15% of the time for manually operated hoists, and
25% of the time for electric: or ain powered hoists
service, severe service that involves normal or heavy Ser-
vice with abnormal operating conditions
stl: indicates that the rule is mandatory and must be
followed
steve: 2 grooved wheel or pulley used with a ope oF
chain t change direction and point of application of
palling force.
sheave, nonrunning: a sheave used to equalize tension in
‘opposite parts ofthe rope or chain. Because oft slight
srovement, ts not termed a running sheave
hese, rinning: a sheae that rotates as the load block
fs lied or lowered.
soul indicates thatthe rule is a recommendation, the
advisability of which depends on the facts in each situ:
ation,
site pull the component ofthe hoist pull ating horizon-
tally when the hoist ines are not operated vertically
slash (/)ea slash (/ ) denotes and/or indicates that two
Words are to be taken together or individually
sprocket, idler: a frely rotating device that changes the
direction ofthe load hain,
3 Fig. 4 Electric-Powered Wire Rope Holst on
Fig. 5 Al-Powered Wire Rope Holst
Sprocket loa: a hoist component that transmits motion
to the load chain. This component is sometimes called
load whee, load shame, pocket whee, or chai athe.
stripper: a device that aids the load chain in feaving the
Toad sprocket
switch: a device for making, breaking, of changing the
‘connections in an electric or pneumatic citeut (valve)
uuttended: a condition in which the operator of a hoist,
is not at the operating contol devices (pendant station
or hand chain) I, however, the contol devices ace
Within an unobstricted distance of 26 fe (80 m) and
‘within sight ofthe operator, the host should be consid
fered attended
salet, had chain: a wheel with formed pockets on its
periphery to allo torque tobe transmitted when a force
applied tothe hand chain.
SECTION 16-0.5: REFERENCES
‘The following sa list of standards and specifications
referenced in this Standard, showing the year of
approval
ANSI/NEMA Standards Publication No, ICS6-1993,
Industrial Contzol and Systems: Enclosures
ANSI 25354-1991, Product Safety Signs and Labels
Publisher: National Electrical Manufacturers Associa-
‘don (NEMA), 1300 Noel 172 Stet, Rosy, VA
za
[ANSI/NEPA 70-2002, National Electrical Code
Publisher: National Fire Protection Assocation (NFPA),
1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02255-9101
ANSI 2241 21999, Safety Requirements for Melting and
Pouring of Metals in the Metalcasting Industry
Duilisher: American Foundry Society (AFS), 505 State
Steet, Des Pines, IL 60016-8399
ANSI 244:-1982(R1992), Safety Requirements forthe
Lockout /Tagout of Enengy Sources
Publisher: American National Standards Institute
(ANSI, 25 West 3rd Steet, New York, NY 10036
ASME B29.1M-1985 (R199), Precision Power Transmis-
son Roller Chains, Atachments, and Sprockets
‘ASME 82924-2002, Roller Load Chains for Overhead
Hoists
ASME 8309-1996, Sings
‘ASME 830.10-1999, Hooks
‘ASME 830.1-1998, Monorails and Underhng Cranes
‘ASME B30.17-1998, Overhead and Gantry Cranes (op
‘Running Bridge, Single Cirder, Undeshung Hoist)
5 ASME HST-11999, Performance Standara for Electric
Chain Hoists
ASME HST-2-1999, Performance Standard for Hand
(Chain Manwally Operated Chain Hoists
ASME HST-11999, Performance Standard for Overhead
lecric Wire Rope Hoists
ASME HST'5-1995, Performance Standard for Ait Chain
Hoists
ASME HST6-199, Performance Standard for Ai Wire
Rope Hoists
Publisher: The American Society of Mechanical Engi-
‘neers (ASME), Thrce Park Avenue, New York, NY
10016-5990; Order Department 22 Law Drive, PO. Box
2800, Fairfield, N) 07007-2800, Chapter 16-1
Marking, Construction, and Installation
SECTION 16-1.1: MARKING
16-111 Rated Load
‘The rated load ofthe hoist shall be marked an the
hoist oF if load block and shall be legible from the
round or loo
161.1.2 Controls
(a) Fach contol actuator of an electric-powered oF
sle-powered hoist shall be marked to indicate the direc:
tion of resultant motion
(©) In locations or areas where multiple electric pow:
ered or ainpowered hoists are used by non-dedicated
hoist operators, the arrangement of contro actuator
markings for directions of mation an pendant push bt-
‘on stations and radio-ontolledtansmitters should be
{he same forall hosts in that location oF are,
161.1.3 Wentiiation
‘The host shall be marked with manufacturer's identi-
fication information, on a plate or label attached tothe
hoist or east, forged, or stamped on the host, as fllows
(a) Hand Chas Operate Hoist
(0) name of manufacturer
(2) manufacturer's model or serial number
(0) Electric Powered Hoist
(0) name of manufacturer
(2) manufacturer's model or serial number
(3) voltage of AC or DC power supply and phase
and frequency of AC power sippy
(4) circuit ampactty
() AirPowered Host
(0) name of manufacturer
(2) manufacturer's model and serial number
(9) rated air pressure
16-1.1.4 Warnings
(@) All hand chain-operated hoist shall have axed
to the hoist or load block, label or labels displaying,
information concerning operating procedures, The label
or labels shall be in compliance with ANSI 25354, and
shall include cautionary language against
(1) iting more than rated load
(2) operating hoist with twisted, kinked, or dam-
aged chain
(G) operating damaged or malfunctioning hoist
(4) iting people
(6) lifting loads over people
(6) operating hoist with other than mans power
(7) removing or obscuring label
0) All electric-powered oF airpowered hoists sh
have affixed tothe hoist, load black, oF contol, label
or labels displaying information concerning operating
procedures, The label of labels shall bein compliance
‘with ANSI 25354, and shall include cautionary lan-
‘guage against
{1 lifting, more than rated load
(2) operating hoist when load is not centered
‘under hoist
(3) operating hoist with twisted, kinked or dam-
aged chain or rope
(4) operating damaged or malfunctioning hoist
(@) lifting people
(6) listing loads over people
(7) operating a rope hoist with a rope that is not
properly seated in its groove
{removing or obscuring label
(6) A label shall be afixed on all electrical contr
enclosures, The label shall bein compliance with ANSI
£25354, and shall include, but nt be limited to, informa-
tion sch a5
(1) "DISCONNECT POWER AND LOCKOUT/
TAGOUT DISCONNECTING MEANS BEFORE
REMOVING COVER OR SERVICING THIS
EQUIPMENT"
(@) “DO NOT OPERATE WITHOUT COVER IN
PLACE
SECTION 16-1.2: CONSTRUCTION
16.2.1 Mechanical Design
(a) Theboist and appurtenances shall be designed to
withstand all stresses imposed under normal operating
‘conditions while handling loads within the rated load
(capacity.
(0) Load suspension parts, except forrollerload chain,
‘of hand chain operated hoists shal be designed so that
the static stress caleslated for the rated load shall not
exceed 25) of the average ultimate material strength.
Koller load chain shall be designed so thatthe state
stress calculated for the rated load shall not exceed 25%
fof the minimum ultimate tensile strength as stated in
‘ASME 829.4,
(6) Loe’ suspension pars, except frrollerload chain,
of electric-powered or air powered hoists shall be
o dlesigned so that the static tress calculated forthe rated
load shall not exceed 20% of the average ultimate
material strength. Roller load chain shall be designed
sothat the stati stes ealelated forthe rated load shall
notexceed 20%aftheminimam ultimate tensile strength
as stated in ASME 820.24,
() Power transmission parts shall be designed so het
the dynamic stress calculated for the rated load shall
nt exceed the endirance limits established by the man
facture,
(@) Modifications to upgrade, rerate, or modemize
hoist eqsipment shall be as authorized only by the origi
ral equipment manufacturer of @ qualified person.
if) The hoist should be designed in accondance with
applicable hoist design and performance standards.
Refer to ASME HIST 1, ASME IIST-2, ASME IST-4,
[ASME HST, and ASME HST6.
16-1.2.2 Electrical Design (Electric Powered Hoists
Only)
(a) Fletrcal construction shall comply with Article
610 of ANSI/NFPA 70.
() Unless otherwise specified, control enclosures
shallbe NEMA Type I, general purpose forndoorappli-
cation in accordance with ANSI/NEMA No, ICS6
(©) Electsical equipment shall be s0 located or
enclosed that lve pars will not be exposed to inadver-
tent contact under normal operating conditions
(@) Enclosures for resistors (required) shall provide
‘means for heat dissipation and shall be installed fo mini-
mize the accumulation of combustible matter Provision
‘hal be made to prevent broken resistor pats ar molten
metal rom falling onto operator, other personnel, oF
‘combustible materials,
16-1.2.3 Controls Electre- or AirPowered Hoists
Only)
(o) Controls, except in automatic cycling operation,
shal etur tothe of postion when released, and hook
‘motion shal stop.
{@) Reversing contactor of electric-powered hoists
shall be mechanically or electrically interlocked to pre-
‘ven line tone faults
(6) The woltageat pendant push-button station of elec-
{sie powered nists shal not exceed 150 V for AC or
800 V for DC.
(@) A pendant station shall be supported in a manner
that will protect the electrical conductors or air hoses
agtinst stain, Any pendant station that might present
‘hazard tothe operator, if ground fault occurs, shall
be grounded.
164.2.4 Rope Sheaves (Electric. or Air Powered
Hoists Only)
(a) The grooves shal be fee From surface coalitions
‘or damage that could cause accelerated wear or damage
to the cope, The cros-sectional radius a the bottom of
the groove should be such as t0 form a close-fiting
sade forthe size of rope used, The sides ofthe groove
shall be tapered outward and rounded at the rim to
Irclitate entnce of the rope into the groove. Flange
rims shall ran true about the axis of rotation.
() Sheaves shall be so mounted as to guard against
rope jamming during normal operating conditions
{o) All ranning sheave bearings, except permanently
lubricated bearings, should be equipped with means for
lubrication.
164.2.5 Rope Drum (Electric: or Ai-Powered Hoists
Only)
Rope drums shal be grooved except when the hoist
is provided by the mansfacture: for 8 special applic
tion. This requirement doesnot preclude the use of mul-
tiple layer spooling. The groaves shall be fre from
surface conditions or damage that could eause acceler-
ated oeear or damage to the rope. The cros-sectional
radius at the bottom ofthe groove should form a else-
feng Sede for the ize of rope used
16-4.2.6 Ropes (Electric: or Al-Powered Holsts Only)
(a) The hoisting ropes shall be ofa construction rec-
‘ommended for hoist service. The rated load divided by
‘the numberof parts (ins) of rope shall nat exceed 20%
‘of the minimum breaking stength of the rope. When
rope and rope core may be exposed to an environenental
condition under which rope or core would be damaged,
4 rope and core having resistance to the colton shal
De sed,
() Socketing shal! be done in a manner recom-
‘mended by the Tope of fiting manufacturer or a qual
fied person,
0) The rope ends shall be attached to the hoist in a
manner to prevent disengagement throughost rated
Inook travel. Noless than two wraps of rope shall remain
‘om each anchorage ofthe hoist drum when the hook is
in its extzeme low postion unless a lower limit device
is provided, in which case no less than one wrap shall
remain on each anchorage of the hoist drum.
‘d) Eye splices shall be made in a manner recom
mended by the rope or hoist manufacturer or a qualified
person. Rope thmbles should be used in the eve
() Wireope clips shall be drop-forged stee ofthe
singlesaddle (U-bolt or doublesaddle type clip. Mallea-
Dlecastinon clips shal notbe use. For spacing, nimber
‘ofcips, and torque vais, efer tothe clip manvafactr-
fer's recommendation. Wire-tope clips attached with
Usbots shall have the Ubolt aver the dead end ofthe
rope and the live rope resting in the clip saddle. Clips
shall be tightened evenly tothe recommended torque
[Aller the intial load is applied to the rope, the clip
nuts shall be eetigtened tothe recommended torque to
compensate for any decrease in rope diameter caused
Rr etnn ro ome re tsa ba on
by thelond Rope ipmats should be retightened period:
ically to compensate for any farther decrease in ope
dbameter caring ws
{P Swnged or compres iting shal be applied as
commended by the wpe, hoist or tng marufactaser
ra qualified person
(GI land is supported by more than one part of
rope, the tension on the parts shall be equalized
{a} Wherever exposed to ambient temperatures athe
rope in exces of 180° 620) rope having an indepene
dnt wirevope or wirestand care, or eer tenper
turedamage rsitanl coe atl be use
16-1.2.7 Load Sprockets
(e) Load sprocetsshallhave pockets ortetho alow
engagerent of the load chain.
{Load sprockets shall be guarded
(©) Provision shall beads guard agunstammning
of the load chain within the hoisting mechanism ander
‘normal operating conditions.
161.28 Load chain
(@) Load chain may be eter roller of welded link
“ype, Chain shall be pitched (erated) soa pass
(ver ll load sprockets witht binding
2) Rolle toad chai hall comply with ASMEB2924
(©) Welded ink type load chan shal be proof tested
by the chain or hoist manufacturer witha load atleast
equialent to 1 times the hoist rated lad aivded by
{he numberof chain parts supporting the lod
1a) IF Toad is supported by more than one part of
load chain te tension on the pars shall be equated
{Welded link type load ain properties do not
confor to those shown in ASME B30. Roller load
Chain properties do not conform to those shown in
‘ASME B29 1M
161.29 Hooks
It hooks ar ofthe swiveling type, they shoul rotate
‘rely Hooks shall be equipped with thes unless use
ofthe latch creates a hazardous condition. When
‘eguled latch shall be provide to bridge the tat
peng of the hook and tan unde slack conditions,
Sich tems as, but not uted sings and chins Keer
{0 ASME 190.10
16-4.2.10 Load Blocks
(@) Hand Chain-Operated Hot. Means shall be pro-
idea to guard aginst oad chain jamoning in the load
block under normal operating conditions
{Electric or Air Paweel His. Load blocks shall be
of the endose type, and means shall be provided fo
fuard aginst rope or load chain jamming inthe Toad
Block under normal operating condor
16.1.2.11 Brakes
(@) Hand Chain-Operted Ht, Hand cain-operated
ost) shall be so desgned that when the aeusting
force is removed, twill astomatially stop and hold
any test land up to 125% of the ete oad
(0) Electric Bored Hoist
(1) Under normal operating conditions with rated
toad and test conditions with test loads up to 125% of
‘ted load, the braking system shall perform the olow-
ing functions
(a) stop and hold the load hook when controls
are sseased
(6 limit the speed of load during lowering, with
cor without power, toa maximum speed of 120% of rated
lowering speed for the load being handled
{c) stop and hold the oad hook in the event of
« complete power failure
(2) The braking system shall have thermal opacity
for the frequency of operation required by the service
(3) The braking system shall have provision for
adjustments where necessary fo compensate for wear.
(4) Electie-powered hoists that handle molten
‘material shall be equipped with one of the following
srrangements
(a) Two holding brakes shall be provided, one of
whichis applied to a gear redicer shaft, pls control
braking means. Each holding brake shall have a torque
rating not less than 100% of rated load hoisting toque
atthe point where the brake is applied
{b) One holding brake shall be provided if the
hoisting unit has a mechanical load brake or a control
braking means that provides controlled lowering ofthe
load upon los of power. The holding brake shal have
‘a torgte ating not less than 150% of rate ond hoisting,
torque at the point where the brake is applied
(©) AirPovered Hoist
(1) Under normal operating conditions with rate
load and test conditions with test loads up to 125% of
rated load, the braking system shall perform the follow
ng Functions
(a) stop and hold the load hook when controls
are released
(0) prevent an uncontrolled lowering ofthe load
{nthe event ofa loss of air pressure
(2) Thebraking system shall have thermal opacity
for the frequency of operation required by the sevice
(3) The braking system shall have provision for
adjustments where necessary t9 compensate for weal
2 Hand Chain (Hand Chaln-Operated Hoists
only)
() The hard chain shall be ofa shape and pitch to
fit the hand chain wheel without binding or jamming,
‘under normal aperating conditions.
(@) Thehand chain shall be guarded to prevent dsen-
_gagement from the hand chain wheel.
(The hand chain shall withstand, without perma-
nent distortion, afore of vee Himes the pall ered
to lt the rated load
(a Hand chain properties do not conform to those
shown in ASME B33,
° on
16
3 Overtravel Restraint (Hand Chain-Operated
Hoists Only)
Before the load chain can be completely rin out of
the ois, it shall be restrained in ts fully extended
position The restraint shall be such thatthe tnloaded
holst ean withstand a lowering hand chain force equiva:
lent to tice the pull required fo lift the rated load or,
with rated load on the hoist a hand chain force equ
Teat to the pull required to it the eated load
16-1.2.14 Overtravel Protection (Electic- or Air-
Powered Hoists Only)
‘The hoist shall be so designed and constructed that
the load hook, either lade ox emp, shall not exceed
the upper limit of travel On wirerope hoists, a geared
for other liftlimitingdeviee that operates In elation to
‘drum turns is used, an additional Lifting device
that operates independently of drum rotations shall be
provided.
16-1.2.15 Power Faure Protection (Electic- or Air-
Powered Holsts Only)
Partial or complete interuption of the power supply
(air or electric) during operation shall not result in
uncontrollable motion ofthe load.
16-1.2.16 Lubrication
lubrication i required, accesible means for ubriea-
tiga should be provided.
16-1.2.17 Manual
‘The manufacturer shall furnish an instrction mania
‘with each hoist The manual shall include information
(on the folowing
(a) snstllation
(©) operation
(6) inspection and testing
@) lubrication, maintenance, and repair
(e) wiring diagram (electric powered only; may be
supplied separately)
SECTION 16-1.3:
1641.3.1 Procedure
(a) Procedures for installation recommended in the
‘manual should be followed.
(@) When a host is suspended from a trolley, a telley
and monorail, ofa trolley and crane, and the fated load
fof each of these picces of equipment is different, the
‘ted load forthe system utilizing this combination of
‘equipment shall be Based om the lowest iim rated
Toad of any individual piece of equipment or stracture
within the system.
16-1.3.2 Support
‘The supporting structure, including trolleys, mono
rail, or crane, shall be designed to withstand the loads
and forces imposed by the hoist forthe rated load,
INSTALLATION
0
164.33 Location
(a) Hoists shall be installed in locations that willallowe
movement of the operator to stay clear ofthe lo.
() When hoists are used in hazardous locations as
defined by ANSI/NFPA 70, modifications to these rules
‘oF additional safety requirements may be necessary.
(1 When hosts are used to handle molten mater,
rodifistions to these rles or additonal safety require
ments may be necessary. Refer to ANSI 2241.2
(@) When electric hosts are used in locations other
than general indoor applications, contol enclosures
should be selected in accordance with ANSI/NEMA
No. ICS6,
{@) Pendant coottols of elect oF ai-powered hoists
should be located at a convenient level above the
‘operating floor
(f) An electri: or air-powered hoist shall not be
installed sshere the load hook can be lowered beyond
the rated hook tavel under normal operatingeanditions
unless the hosts equipped with a lower Limit device.
{(g) Where the slack load chain hanging from the hoist
ray create a hazard to operations o personnel a chain