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Articulo de Cultura

The document provides information about the Maya civilization. It discusses that the Maya were a Mesoamerican civilization that developed mainly in Guatemala and parts of southern Mexico and Central America between around 2000 BC to the 16th century AD when the Spanish arrived. The Maya civilization progressed through three main periods - the Preclassic, Classic, and Postclassic periods. It highlights that the Maya made significant advances in mathematics, astronomy, and developed one of the few fully formed writing systems in pre-Columbian America. While the Maya civilization declined before the Spanish conquest, it remained one of the most important cultures in Mesoamerica for over 18 centuries.

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Miguel Angel Ch� Acte
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35 views4 pages

Articulo de Cultura

The document provides information about the Maya civilization. It discusses that the Maya were a Mesoamerican civilization that developed mainly in Guatemala and parts of southern Mexico and Central America between around 2000 BC to the 16th century AD when the Spanish arrived. The Maya civilization progressed through three main periods - the Preclassic, Classic, and Postclassic periods. It highlights that the Maya made significant advances in mathematics, astronomy, and developed one of the few fully formed writing systems in pre-Columbian America. While the Maya civilization declined before the Spanish conquest, it remained one of the most important cultures in Mesoamerica for over 18 centuries.

Uploaded by

Miguel Angel Ch� Acte
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Universidad San Carlos de Guatemala

Facultad de Humanidades
Departamento de Pedagogía
Licenciatura en Pedagogía y Administración Educativa

Curso: Idioma Extranjero III y IV

Docente: Lic. Edgar Ovidio Sic Xitumul

Tema:

Articulo de cultura maya

Estudiantes: Miguel Angel Chú Acté

No. Carné: 201952364

Telemán, Panzós Alta Verapaz Enero 2024.


CULTURA MAYA

The Mayan civilization was one of the most important Mesoamerican


cultures, spreading through southeastern Mexico, Guatemala, part of
Honduras and El Salvador. Although there are records dating back to
around 2,000 BC. C., the first Mayan cities of some relevance would not
be founded before 750 BC. The splendor achieved by Tikal or Palenque
is visible through its ruins. Around 950 AD, the classic period of the Maya
began to collapse and their main settlements were abandoned. When
the Spanish discoverers arrived, the Mayans were present in a
dispersed way, especially in the area of Yucatán and Guatemala.
However, they offered resistance and it took 100 years to conquer the
last Mayan towns. The Mayan culture has left us much more complex
constructions than those of the Aztecs. In the field of mathematics, they
performed advanced calculations and were among the first people to
use zero. Likewise, astronomy was also part of the daily life of the
Mayans.

It was a Mesoamerican civilization that developed mainly in Guatemala


and Mexico (in the states of Yucatán, Campeche, Quintana Roo,
Chiapas and Tabasco), as well as in Belize, and the western part of
Honduras and El Salvador, covering more than 300,000 km². .1 It stood
out for more than two millennia in numerous sociocultural aspects such
as its writing, one of the few fully developed writing systems of the pre-
Columbian American continent, its art, architecture, its mythology and its
notable numbering systems, as well as as in astronomy and
mathematics.

The history of the Mayan civilization is divided into three main periods:
the Preclassic, Classic and Postclassic;27 these were preceded by the
Archaic Period, in which the first human settlements were established
and the development of agriculture began.28 Modern studies consider
these periods as arbitrary divisions of Mayan chronology, rather than
being indicative of Mayan cultural evolution or decline.29 Depending on
the author, definitions of the start and end dates of the periods They can
vary up to a century.

In the formative stage, small communities from the Guatemalan


highlands settled in the Petén, founding small towns that received the
influences of Izapa, a culture of Olmec origin located on the Pacific coast
of Guatemala, a few centuries before the Christian Era.
From the year 300 AD. C. the great ceremonial centers characteristic of
the Mayan culture appear: Tikal, Uaxactún, Naraqjo, Nakún and Yaxhá.
A factor that, without a doubt, contributed decisively to the growth of the
cities of the Mayan culture was the presence of a powerful Teotihuacan
colony in Kaminaljuyú, in the highlands of Guatemala. The progressive
disappearance of Teotihuacán's power in the region created a serious
political crisis that lasted from 534 to 593 AD. c.

However, by the first years of the 16th century, when the Spanish arrived
in the Mayan lands, this civilization was already completely weakened.
Many relate the end of the Mayan civilization to the Conquest of
America, but historians point to the great demographic growth and the
various social conflicts that would have driven a series of rebellions and
uprisings, while others relate it to the indiscriminate use of natural
resources. , slashing and burning, which brought long periods of famine
and a rapid decline in population.

These are also the pre-Columbian peoples who ruled Mesoamerica for
18 centuries. The Mayan culture and history hides countless mysteries
and secrets, and has left us a large number of monuments, ruins and
others that serve as a memory and sample of what they once were.

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