Enalish Alphabet wlrtroduction. |. The Enalish alphabet consists 26 Jetters. : 1 Each Iater has on uw erease (“capital leer) and a lower-case (‘small Ger) foron. 3. Five of the letters in the Enalish Alphabet are Vowels; E,1,0,u. 4. The remaiving, 21 letleys are consonants: B 2 c, D, F,G,H,J3,K,L,M,N,P,Q5R 3S, T, Vv, XZ. and asually W and Y. 5. Two letters, A’ and I’ also conshtite words. 6- Until Farly recently (urtil 1835), the 27 lelfer ot the alphabet right dtter “z’) was the ersand (€). J. The English Alphabet is based on the Latin serigt, which is the basic set of letters common to the various alphabets originating, fromthe classical Latin alphabet. B. There ave 44 sounds in English: 24 consonant s * 2.0 vowel souds 44 4: In British English We Soy Zed, 10.Jn American English we soy Zee. Il. The English ward “alphabet comes trom the first two fetles ot the Greek alphabet : alpha, beta 12. The lellers tt aluays represeit the same sounds of Ensish.Vowels Vowel 7a sound. we make when the breath flows out through the mouth freely, without being blocked. “The English letters a,2,1,0,U ave called Vowels, because they vepresent such sounds. There. are 20 yowel sounds in English, divided irto 3 types of vowel sounds: - ~ |. Long vowel sowids = 5 sounds Fue Nowels C2. Short vowel sounds — s sourds ay egg = Vowels =>5 Icters => 20 sounds Vowels = 20 sounds Pure Vowels =12 sounds hal. year, beer lea} choir Mhere Jacl bath, cay, sofort lef door, sav, walk, fa! bird, work, hurt li! sheep, eagle Field ie! meon, ores dhroua Al bit, busy, started fel bed, said, dead lee! cat, matt, apple Jal CUP, up, money ful good, put, should lol get, what, because Jal about, the, police faxl my» dice ot! joy ,noise oul, Yous loal peor, moor| \ ' | ' : 11 |b] bag, bed, ribbon 12 |Rl eet, pick, kite 3 dog, add., dig 4 Pad fan, phone,Laugh 15 |g get, quest, good. 1.6 ]h het, him, who \ Ft i) jet, giant, giraffe BE Lip, fell, Lamp 1) 9 [am | man, map.climb ) 10 [n net,.Rno Nay, gnat 1 ML | p_jpan, happy Pig 1 AZ |r pret wrist, rug | 13]. S_|sip,ice, city, sun 1 14]4 top, Thomas, helped | $51 v | van, of, five 1 Jw wel,queen, wait 1 \F y | yess opinion » year ' sz: | | Jar) car, part 2 lor|. fork, north | 3B Per! her : ir | bird hurt 18 z00, has, cheese 4 |th en tat, 5 \ush| vohot. when, wht “The 3 R-Gortralled Vowel Sounds! 6 |) skashensahib sae Sounds grEnglish The 44 Sounds The 5 Shor bat > after e949, pet bread, friend pig, in, busy, Aappy hop, off, hob, cough Fun pmonkey, trouble cit other a made, maid, day 21 € |feet, bean, me, edt, fact i_lery, pie, like, might type 410 Ige,boat, home, snow, dagh 2\sh fish, dish, ship, shop, shoe 3 | th) thing think, thought. beth g | eeking , wing, sing rin EInk kSounds G English The 44 Sounds. Facts on Letters and Sounds : |. Leffers ave written, sounds are spoken . 2. When we vorite we use the variting( spelling) alphabet wihich consis of 26 fetlers. 3.\Nhen we speak we use the speaking, (phonetic) alphabet wich consists ot 44 sounds. 4. There ave 44 sounds in English which ave di vided its 3 namely : !. Vowel sounds. 2. Consonarit sounds. 3. Diphih q 5. Alphabet Letters = 26 lelers —44 comds. 6. Nowels - a paar 4. fure vowels = 12 sounds , Diph =8 sounds, 8. Lang sowidso? vowels = Ss rat souides F Sounds, 4. Consonaifs = 21 letters =24-sounds. 10. Noiced sounds of consonants = 15 sounds. Ute Veiceless sowids of censonaits =9 sounds. 12. Vowel : a sound we make when the brea, Flows out through the mouth Freely, without being blocked. The Enaks h letters Ae, Ly 0,U are called Vousels, because ‘gli neat ee om x ; they 13.Coasoraril: 4 sound we make Hat ist 2 youre), | Letlers b,C, D.F,G,H,TK,L, M,N, RSG if i usually W ia Y are called Comenale* Whoz andConsonants ' Consonari: ovsound we make that srt a vowel. The breath is Somehow blocked on if way out of the mouth: The English letters by,d Eg hyjskals my pq otssytevyXsz and usually ws and y are called Consenari There. ave 24 consonarit sounds in English, civideed inte 2 types of consonanit sounds : I. Noiced sounds = [5 sounds 2\biceless sounds = 9 sounds. Corsuparite => 21 letters => 4 sounds ! ' i ' t ' \ ) ) Consonarils = 24 sounds rh Voiced sounds =15 sounds} |Noiceless sounds =F sounds )| /b/ ball, hobby, herb pl pen jump, hopping 1] fal agg added, played Al toble, tlle, wekched ) bl jam, fudge, danger eff iteh y chips, pielure V1 [gf green, hug, league RI key, car, luck, ) ) ) ) ) , , ’ ) , Iv}. video, move,< HL Fire, laugh, phone (SL this, with, mother fal thick, dec rhealthy [2b has, cosy,zebra Isl. see, city, ni ice {3h visual, leiswe, television ipl shop, nation, special fmf man, lamb, tammy. Jal house, hungry, wiho Inf no, Furny, krife ie [oh sing, uncle; argry Note : [ib yes;onton, view Every voiceless sguae fei nd i t feel, smelly Noiced sound. % similar el right, berry, wrong y ful wit, one, where )EMTS 5 ro ANGKOR < KOM SOEHD Ponunciction Ta ble Phonemic Chart ey words Symbol, Key words ull, slap papple Ik | seat, green, tree oe food, fish I |sit, grin atish tree, stop , swonit U__ | geod fost, pull earth, thing throw UX |food, rule, shoe chair, choice steacher Ee |h ead, bet, said. stop, sit, fact QD about, beacher,observer fish, shoe » Sure 3% girl nurse, earth cup, dark, walk OI |wolk, door, four bet, about ,beer |hod,Lawb, apple Vow, vote,abserver | AN jeup, Love, mone daotfood adh | Ax |hewt, dark, tock they there, bathe Dp hot, stop, wawt Jeb jpyslaurge noise, presideril, zero p ad casual, measwe, feasure|Symbel, Key swords i, dirl ,aveen Ta | year, beer, ear Pe >. eed heat €a | chair, where, there money, my jkamb OU | joke, vote, throw nurse, grin, green AU |Vow, oul, Lounge sing, English, drank | €I | they,bathe, way rule, tree, grin al my, dice, thigh pull, Love, rue DI | joy, noise, choice wari. where ean; fel penDigraphs A digraph is acombination of two ltfers that make one completely speech sound: sh’ in'shoe’- i chair, each, much, chorel| ai: train, rein, main, part : back, reck, neck, duck ay: slay, play, Today, d 2 tough, laugh, rough, cough ea:team, read, ed, know, Rnife, knot » Rnee ee: tree, tree, see, bee : wall , fall, ball, all 0a: road ,bodt, goat, soap : wing , Sing, ring, King uertrue, qlue,clue blue : phore, ar ar + queen, quiz, spac! é dip, ocd fia : shing, than, beth, bath < what, when, white, whale . write, wrist, wrap, wreeigee Adel ” Phonic * : 5 let!, bel a B /oi:l | bee Cc /si:| cee D Hi:/ dee. E /i:l e E feel ef Id: iif H MW) exif! | insite ae I ; K IKed | iy ke fell el M fem} em N kenl en P fee pis Q figut’ 1 tae R hour! ar S kesf ess We ftsf tee U ful u W fdibelja/ | doa Xx hot | en YX Aviaxf vy Z /zil, [zed zee fzadG What is a silent letter? A silent letter is the letter in words that are not pronounced but make a huge difference to the meaning and pronunciation . of the whole word. \ There are some rules that explain which letters are ’ supposed to be silent, before and after certain letters (the only issue about this is that, like all English rules — there are usually some exceptions!)> (3s Silent(Q) Rule 1: The letter C is usually not pronounced in the combination of SC. ° Scissors, ascent, fascinate, muscle. \ Rule 2: C is usually mute before the letters K and Q Lock, block, puck, acknowledge. ¢ Aqua, Acquit, Acquiesce.CG Silent (D) Rule 1: The letter D is silent when it appears before the letters N and G. * Wednesday, cadge, Pledge, grudge. Rule 2: D is not pronounced in the following Common words: \\* Wednesday, handsome, handkerchief, sandwich.G Silent (E) Rule 1: If the letter E comes at the ends of words, it is generally not pronounced. ¢ Fore, table, before, write, give, hide. Rule 2: If E occurs before the letter D in the second \ and third form of the verbs, E may sometimes not to be pronounced. ° Bored, fixed, smuggled, begged.