Vost- 9
Mey Berge
ok ng haa
Programmed Conbel) ordi ial
, : heuesdeq
Gobel. rote: Oa
mode, We vartous addwersing mt
Ddavesstn
Diep aettestiog “mode: oj a
a. Mndtrecl addressing modes.
8 Tmme diate addressing mode.
Ay FRentcler addvercing mode.
5. Rolie indirect address
STA erent
Boe Suto cletsemenl »
Drreck Addansrtog mode: a " 3
secibersG@ geal
addressing 92
treated
™ eee
effective 451]
value
Mov Ax, 2000
Direcl addressing mode the addres,
of the Optiand ts specifired Bs
Ane tosteucton,
Dadiect edldveesig ~ved
rey
affeckie ald ‘8550
Mov ax, [2000];
i
Scanned with CamScanner Un this mode the addrese field of ~the inebruction
use the addres wohere the eff eclive. address Fs stored)
mune) Mic alte oslo: aaadlc
fo addness satth an laddwen.
immediate osldvessing omode:
Tol tei “troms late [idtrercinay raed nn heen eee
value 8 spectfred taper hy fa0 the Sarhuction,
&: Mov Ax, tb 0002
‘Reqfster addressing mode:
Ie rakes mode” Ae operands rsill be
seqiskey Eq: Mov ax, Bt
‘Register Indirect Addrersin
To aegsher todirect rode the selected, aegishens
Contains he address of the Operands ralbew “thos
operand self
et Mov AX, [ax]
moce z
“Auto TG erpasty / Autaemementaeneed
Do Auko Shevement lor decrement mode she content
of Registers ave incremented Cos) clecvem anded eyt
Numeresl Example:
TS “ghee “he A{fesencéne
addreiogs mode, conside the
Gelween, Vamious 2
_ belove enample . }
re “hoo -v001d ‘inst auction address a00 # 201 ane
load en Ac. addres equivalent 500, Inthelly
Po has value avo @ the processor seat sk ew
Scanned with CamScanner RA= Goo andi. Mnden cregicley CKR) equal to Igy
memos Y
Qoa Addsess = 500 r
aor | Next initructiors
[R= 400
3a4 «BD
oo 00,
*R=(00 l
vive add reaing B
aMMOde. value. yoo a 2
Modirect odds acing
mode, value = 300
~The | direct addicentng moda. effective ad
aS equivalent Xo SRO and Ac equivalent Xo yoo, |
Drtirecl addrerstog mode effective ad dressing mode
ts equivalent to S00 and AC eqiivalut 4 400
80)
and
j int yement moda -re eqrivalent te |
tm curt decsement mode, Ac equivalent to
5]
“Control memory ‘|
A seyueter
Next_addyece inform allen
Scanned with CamScanner + Control unit having memory Ss Collec
Conttol memory
Sontyol word :
Vere eee vartable at any aiven Lime
Can be veprerented by qoup of os eae teweal
yj \
and 16 6 Gale Conta send Told re
| Hee the control memory i asumed toes Eowict
be Rom ahere, alll the iforroalion *
| Bose) Permanently
he, conlrol address register spect ttesthe eae
oe] micro Rsbauction and control dak, + ister
holds micros ensksucton . The net address quran
ts Sometimes Called Sequencer as it elemines
the address Sequence ye Tead from contol.
Tal
Address Seenenn:
Insbuckfon code
Fa Sub rorbine
Meappin, logic sae sreyshee
= | Muttiplexess
qi ate, Cees
Control deta
Yeqistey
Veqicley
iL iy
Scanned with CamScanner Micro eee ont are Clore hs contwol ‘en
Yn qnoups with each asoup Spee fying a routing |
Be an rer ae address % loaded ty 26, coach
addyess oe wohen powey iS tuned On.
This. Usua ally the ast HRB Stn eruckons
s exer Lom Tnclnudion ae a 4
Hive ty control memory . Aone ae :
poareund logic oat mapping As a soaking - na
Aransform: sbuction code to Contool ryemon
addaess:
i a
Scanned with CamScanner Pras ch log tc
The branch ogre ee le is al Sthpplést iad
Xo test 4h. Spetltedyacan Atitos lanterns to the
mbegrated address, Bt dethe condrlion ts me
Maping of Inctouckions La]
ofcode
Computer
Tnetruction
O| XX¥xXX1 00
adda ess |
Moo oper 4
Ton
Angauclion.
the above fiqure shows an opcode of 4 bike
which Can specrfies te bet fosteuction: For each opcode
their exsist) a omicxopro.gyvan souttne f conteol am emibry
Abeat executes “the fngtruction.
One Simple npn process “tak Conn abit
opcode to bik address for Control smoemory » this
mapping Consist of Placing ive) con eo utara
bi (mse) acd placing AWE Come oro In CAT ECG tlic
wh CLse). and Aronsf erating ‘the 4 lt op Code
ms
Scanned with CamScanner 2 ae i... - I
Mreropreqzan Ena
contro
memos
1Rex a5
ae Arthimedie acne
vegster | Logre Shift unit | > ae
a AC
Control unit ag
é fia
k
a
“The block elfeqsary of Computler is shown 15 tbe|
above figure. Consist of memory uoits side
W Control memory MY Maio. memory « |
The main memory stores data add maryuthons |
) tm contre ruined yortsonaasenl “fox stoxing the nicropit
4 Regstees one -ascoctated - udith processor swoit ew
a Registers are with Combol uoil: ie
“The processor re isleas | one.
y Par ane Counter ay Address vextsler
> Dala veaitler > Accumulator.
XN “he control uit teatskent ant Oud) mua
segister and Combo. Bice aegis ler
The Yranfey of Informing among the
registers in The Processor 5 done rons
omulkiplerers:
Scanned with CamScanner 4 DR reeteves Inform ation Lrow memory) Program
counter and Accumulakor:
ab AR aeceiver Alor ™ ation from Pe aid OR
A We PC com aeceive tnfrrmakton
Grom only AR.
The ArAbemalte Logte eee bef] anit pestorms
mio operation astth dala Som BR and AG
and places the result tm AC
Inks ucbtin Crmat :
wg lato 9
[g opcode Rea
Symbol OPcode ves cxtp bron
ADD booe Ac—ACtMteA]
BRANCH voo4a AL (aaa ae
Res EO
ogi STORE 0010
4 Mesaja ac
ExcHON GE 0044
ACK mien]
“feale ac.
Ushuclton fomak % of bh Lek addvesc 4 leit opcode
YTHe Ap operations adds the content of the oper
€ Pound Gree is
a> The BRANCH Operation pascer the consol to the EF
Ceffeclive Adres 9
27 The STORE Instrunckion transfer the content of Ae
Xo memory
Scanned with CamScanner 4Y The excHANge — fasbuction Swope the dite b
an omemor
Rex sa pals (ie
3 Gees,
oD
[ite
BR | AD
alee
1 1
Fh Fa) Fa 7 Mitao ae
co: Condttion for.
BR: Pranch feta.
AD! Address Lield
& Tables
fray Micro operation
Qe none
Sd ACAAC+OR
a ACH o
oft ee
loo aces 6
t
Ao ACK DR (0-10)
a AR <— Pe
gal PUCAR]
memory eae cpu
and vegistens Po
Name Mnemonic
Load LD
Store Sai
Move Mov
Exchange XcH
“Inpt In
le Out putt OvT
Push Pustt
Pop PoP
Dela roartpuladion Inctouekions «
The data wear pulakion Doskruelione manipulate tthe
Akin Metoredus register R
The data mart pulation Tndructions Can be
(lence ones 3 pes.
Scanned with CamScanner 4. Arikimeltc Tndrudion: 2. Logie _F Bit maripl
Nome fl Mnenonr es
DMerement ONC et
Decrement dec
ANY a clear
Swhstract sve, ‘ Complement: a
Mult ply. Mut al a ee |
Divide Div or
Add with Ai: Exclustve ~ oR,
Cw Cleaw Cony
Subschrach SvaQ, Set Conn:
a borrow Enalsle Top
Ca taeap
3. Sbrft Sishuclions
Name Maemontc.
Pere shift ee
vight:
logteal shift Sil
left
Palbimelic clift
sight SHES igs
Astthimedte chift Sutin
left
Rota wight Roe
Rotate left Rov
Retede a Ror ec
NEG Dis able
‘Scanned with CamScanner Prosprers cootwls +
The Progra Cambrcl Ynstructions: are use to mere]
Corte form one Veerlforn to another om Abe other
hand a pega Control Auge of Te “ce
executed matt change he address: cn i
proyram Courter and) Cuuses ine aE p e
ro be alkered, % oth woods 0 aa
nslovclion spect ity ens Sos alkecingthe l
Contents of Ye peyen Gawnlten Pen nee is Sea
and amariipl akion Paeeteeye cae’ spect ty Conaditiont
for alerteg the content.
lame, Moermente,
Branch BR
Jump ame
Sp SkP
Coht CALL
aduin | RET
Compare Cox cmp
Srbdraction)
Test Cy AND in) TST
Skalus wit Conditions ;
male fiquxe below ghows a abit numbers
acl rontiin eRECMmS tron Cl sin (eNe-onc pn Ae
Symbolfsed
Scanned with CamScanner , 1 . Toate
4. Bile fe sel Ao 4 Coos) tf the end camry |
Cy 75 4. Tt ts cleay to xero tf the io
Zewo 2
“ae iol
a. Bil S a set toa Ff the bighect obs Gils
von: : “a
2 4 ole
3. Bik x 46 Ssechtoa if the ot pa of A a
contains all xeroes a
4. Bit vi is Set foo if the exclusive or of the.
Last Awo Carries 7s equivalent 0 2.
Conditfonal branch inehructions:
Mnemonic
Be
BN=
be
Bnc"
Bp
BM
By
Byv
check fe
Xero ov 8
pad :
Ordpuk F i
Branch Condition . Text conditions.
Branch @ xexo a
Branch 1% not Xeno
ids «ee
Brooch tf mof Conny
© Branch if pis”
Branch af Minuc
Branch if overflow
Branch i no over flow
Scanned with CamScanner POCO
Oren ye.
‘Scanned with CamScanner
