Kingdom: Plantae

Subkingdom: Tracheobionta

Superdivision: Spermatophyta

Division: Magnoliophyta

Class: Magnoliopsida

Order: Euphorbiales

Family: Euphorbiaceae

Genus: Mallotus

Species:

Mallotus

philippensis (

Lam.) Muell.-

Arg.

COMMON NAME: Banato

SCIENTIFIC NAME: Mallotus philippensis (Lam.) Muell.-Arg.

SYNONYMS/ OTHER SCIENTIFIC NAME:
Aconceveibum trinerve Miq.
Croton montanus Willd.
Croton philippensis Lam.
Echinus philippensis Baill.
Euonymus hypoglaucus H.Lév.
Euonymus hypoleucus H.Lév.
Macranga stricta (Rchb.f. & Zoll.) Mull.Arg.
Mallotus bicarpellatus T. Kuros.
Mallotus philippensis (Lam.) Muell.-Arg.
Mallotus reticulatus Dunn
Mappa stricta Rchb.f. & Zoll.
Rottlera affinis Hassk.
Rottlera aurantiaca Hook. & Arn.
Rottlera philippinensis (Lam.) Scheff.
Rottlera tinctoria Roxb.
Tanarius strictus (Rchb.f. & Zill.) Kuntz

OTHER COMMON NAME:

Apuyot (Sul.)
Buas (Ilk.)
Darandang (Tag.)
Kamala (Engl.)
Kamela (Engl.)
Panagisen (Ibn.)
Panagisian (Ibn., Klg., Neg.)
Pañgaplasin (Ilk.)
Pikal (Sbl.)
Sala (Tag., Bis.)
Tafu (Ibn.)
Tagusala (P. Bis)
Tutula (Tagb.)
Rottlera (Engl.)
Kamala (Engl.)
Monkey-face tree (Engl.)

MORPHOLOGY:
 ROOTS
Tap and branched.

 LEAVES
Leaves are alternate, oblong-ovate, with a pointed tip and rounded
base, 7 to 16 centimeters long, with toothed or entire margins, the
apex pointed, and the base rounded.

 FLOWERS
Male flowers are numerous, 3 millimeters in diameter, axillary,
solitary or fascicled spikes, 5 to 8 centimeters long. Female flowers
are in solitary racemes, 3 to 7 centimeters long, and three-
cornered.

 STEM/BARK
Dioecious trees, to 12 m high, bark 4-5 mm thick, pale brown;
branchlets,

 FRUIT
Fruit is somewhat spherical, 6 to 8 millimeters in diameter, unarmed
but densely covered with red or crimson powder.

 SEEDS
Each fruit contain a dark grey, rounded seed that is flattened on
one side.
CULTIVATION:
- Common in thickets and secondary forests at low altitudes.
- Native to the Philippines
- Widely distributed in India
- Also found in Pakistan, Myanmar, China and Taiwan, Sri Lanka, Vietnam
and Australia.

PROPAGATION:
The plants can be only propagated through seeds & the rate of
natural reproduction is very poor (only 30%) due to hard seed coat.

PHYTOCHEMISTRY:
- Phytochemical screening of stems yielded carbohydrates, amino acids,
flavonoids, gum, oil and resins, proteins, phenolic groups, saponins,
steroids, tannins and terpenoids.
- Phytochemical screening of fruits yielded carbohydrate, protein, phenolic
compounds, tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, and steroids.
- Early study yielded the following constituents: water, 3.4%; resinous
coloring matter, 78.18%; albuminous matter, 7.34%; and ash, 3.84%.
- An ethereal extract yielded three substances: a crystalline compound
rottlerin, a wax, and a resin.
- Perkin's ethereal extract yielded a dark, brownish, resinous product
which yielded six distinct substances. Five of these are: rottlerin,
isorottlerin, a wax, and two resins.
- Extract of kamala from the glands and hairs yielded a resin, a wax, and
the crystalline compound rottlerin.
- Kamala also contains a minute amount of essential oil, which when
gently warmed emits a peculiar odor.
- The kamala resin yields the yellow rottlerin, the principle constituent, and
also mallotoin and kamalin.
- Study yielded rottlerin (reddish-yellow resin), 47-80%; fixed oil, 5.83-
24%; citric acid; mallotoxin; kamalin.
- The seed contains a fixed oil, camul oil and a bitter glucoside.
- Bark yields 6.5% tannin.
- Phytochemical screening of fruit yielded flavonoids, glycosides, phenolic
compounds, tannins, proteins, and amino acids.

MEDICINAL USES:
- Fungal skin infections: Pound leaves or seeds and apply on affected
areas.
- The red glands of the fruit is antiherpetic and antihelmintic.
- Powder taken with milk for tapeworms, repeated as necessary.
- In India, used for bronchitis, abdominal diseases, spleen enlargement.
Leaves and bark are used for poulticing cutaneous diseases and pounded
seeds are applied to wounds. Fruit powder used to treat skin conditions.
- In India, bark decoction used for abdominal pain. Kernels are used as
anthelmintic. Used in treatment of rheumatic diseases: Among the tribe of
Chhota Nagpur, root is grounded and applied to painful articular
rheumatism. In Burma, seeds are ground to a paste and applied to
wounds and cuts.
- Used as external application in Herpes circinnatus.
- Taken internally to remove leprous eruptions.
- Elsewhere, used for constipation, anorexia, cancers, dermatosis,
cramps, dysmenorrhea.
- In Pakistan, dried seed powder mixed with half cup of curd is given three
times daily for 1 to 2 days for constipation and to kill intestinal worms.
- In Manipur India, bark decoction with sugar given in urinary tract stone
problem.
REFERENCES:

Banato / Mallotus philippensis / Kamala: Philippine Medicinal Herbs / Philippine

Alternative Medicine. (n.d.). Retrieved August 26, 2020, from
http://www.stuartxchange.org/Banato.html

Classification: USDA PLANTS. (n.d.). Retrieved August 26, 2020, from

https://plants.usda.gov/java/ClassificationServlet?source=display