FIRST READING AND USE OF ENGLISH PART 3 1

Science and technology

Complete the sentences with the adjective form of the words in brackets and a suffix from
1
the box.

-able -al -ed -ful -ible -ic -ing -ous

1. The experiments we did in the laboratory last week were all very . (succeed)
2. Finding a cure for the disease turned out to be much more than the scientists
expected. (challenge)
3. Important research is carried out in the laboratories of the university. (science)
4. If you are doing things in the right way, the results of the experiment with those chemicals should
be . (predict)
5. To be a good scientist, you need to have a mind. (logic)
6. The scientific team needed to present their results in a way that was to the
non-expert. (access)
7. I’m not that this latest invention will make people’s lives better. (convince)
8. Some things can appear to be quite until scientists explain them to us. (mystery)

Complete the table with the correct forms of the word.

2
Verb Noun Adjective
(1) strength strong
prove (2) proven
impress impression (3)
save (4) safe
effect (5)
produce product (6)
(7) accurate
(8) success successful

24 FIRST READING AND USE OF ENGLISH | PART 3 | 1 © Cambridge University Press and UCLES 2017
 Exam task

3 For questions 1–8, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some
of the lines to form a word that fits in the gap in the same line. There is an example at the
beginning (0).

Example: (0) EXISTENCE

An interesting new planet
Until recently, the (0) of planets outside our own solar EXIST
system was difficult to prove. Now, thanks to increasingly (1) SENSE
equipment, hundreds have been discovered orbiting distant stars. Recent
(2) of the nearest star to Earth, Proxima Centauri, have led INVESTIGATE
to a (3) discovery: a rocky planet similar in size to the Earth SIGNIFY
which may have liquid water on its surface.

Although the new planet is (4) closer to Proxima Centauri CONSIDER

than the Earth is to the Sun, there is still a (5) of life POSSIBLE
there. This is because the star is much smaller and cooler than our sun, so
conditions on the planet may be (6) enough to support life. COMFORT
Temperatures on the planet will be (7) on whether there is an DEPEND
atmosphere surrounding it.

Travelling to Proxima Centauri and exploring its planet is totally

(8) at the moment. Despite it being one of the nearest stars REAL
to the sun, it would take thousands of years to get there using current technology.

In pairs, talk about the following statements. Do you agree or disagree with them? Give
4
reasons for your opinions.

1. Humans will be able to visit other planets one day.

2. Life will be discovered on other planets during my lifetime.
3. Space tourism will be very popular in the future.
4. Too much money is spent on space exploration.

Exam facts
In this part, you read a text with eight gaps in it.
For each gap, there is a word in capital letters at the end of the line.
You have to use the word in capital letters to form a word that fits the gap.
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© Cambridge University Press and UCLES 2017 FIRST READING AND USE OF ENGLISH | PART 3 | 1 25
 FIRST READING AND USE OF ENGLISH PART 3 2

Food and drink

Complete the sentences with a noun formed from a word in the first box and a suffix from
1
the second box.

feel govern know perform prefer react similar tired

-ance -ence -ing -ion -ity -ledge -ment -ness

1. People with nut allergies have to be very careful. Even if they only eat a small amount they can have
a very serious allergic .
2. A between the diet in Spain and Portugal is that people in both countries eat a
lot of fish and seafood.
3. My is that the microwave oven is the most useful invention of the twentieth
century. It has made preparing food so much more convenient.
4. My sister lived in Osaka for a year, so her of Japanese food is really excellent.
5. I think the should do more to improve young people’s diets and encourage them
to do more exercise.
6. I have a strong for sweet food over savoury.
7. After drinking a cup of coffee, my almost completely disappeared.
8. Doctors say that a healthy diet can improve your in exams.

Exam task
For questions 1–8, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some
2
of the lines to form a word that fits in the gap in the same line. There is an example at the
beginning (0).

Example: (0) HISTORICAL

The first coffee shops
There is some (0) evidence to suggest that coffee was cultivated HISTORY
in Africa in the tenth century, but drinking coffee didn’t become (1) FASHION
in Europe until the mid-seventeenth century, with many visitors to London claiming that
going to a coffee shop was one of the great (2) of life. People PLEASE
paid an (3) charge of one penny to enter a coffee shop, to enjoy ADMIT
the supposedly (4) effects of the drink. Doctors at the time BENEFIT
believed it could cure several diseases, and many drinkers reported that coffee made
them more (5) and improved their mood. ENERGY
(6) , a visit to a coffee shop had a serious purpose too, as people started INCREASE
to meet there to discuss politics and new ideas. Good behaviour was essential and
if you were (7) , you could be thrown out of a shop. However, coffee POLITE
shops in Europe declined in popularity in the late eighteenth century due to the
greater (8) of tea, a drink that was easier to make than coffee. CONSUME

26 FIRST READING AND USE OF ENGLISH | PART 3 | 2 © Cambridge University Press and UCLES 2017
 Complete the sentences with the noun form of the verb in brackets. Think carefully about the
3a
spelling, as the final letter or letters of the verb will change when forming a noun.

1. We had an about the best way to cook the food. (argue)

2. Cooking well requires a lot of . (imagine)
3. I have no of giving up chocolate. I love it too much! (intend)
4. A global of people’s diets shows that many people eat too much sugar. (analyse)
5. The of an important new book about healthy diets is good news. (publish)
6. In with the cuisine of my country, Indian food is very spicy. (compare)
7. When I listened to a of the dinner, I started to feel really hungry. (describe)
8. I have a strong for Chinese tea over European tea, which I find a bit strong. (prefer)

The nouns in the table have been formed from verbs. Write the verb next to each noun.
3b
Verb Noun
(1) consideration
(2) appearance
(3) timing
(4) confusion
(5) arrangement
(6) behaviour
(7) survival
(8) response

Exam tips
Look at the words before and after each gap and decide what kind of word you need to write –
for example a noun, verb, adjective, adverb, etc.
You may only have to make one change to the word in capital letters, or you may have to make
two or more changes.
If you need to write an adjective or adverb, does it need to be positive or negative? To make an
adjective or adverb negative, you usually need to add a prefix.

© Cambridge University Press and UCLES 2017 FIRST READING AND USE OF ENGLISH | PART 3 | 2 27
 FIRST READING AND USE OF ENGLISH PART 3 3

The natural world

Complete the second sentence in each pair with a negative form of the word in bold in the
1
first sentence.

1. We don’t have much accurate information about the habits of this rare animal.
Unfortunately, our information about this rare animal is probably .
2. Most local residents approve of the decision to open a new park.
Most local residents of the decision to close the local park.
3. The measures taken to protect the wildlife in the area are adequate.
The measures taken to protect the wildlife in the area are .
4. Few areas of the country were affected by the floods.
Few areas of the country were by the floods.
5. The appearance of a very rare bird in the park caused great excitement.
The of the very rare bird from the region was very disappointing.
6. Your plans to ban cars from the national park aren’t very practical.
Your plans to ban cars from the national park are .
7. The children behaved very well when they visited the aquarium.
Unfortunately, the children when they visited the aquarium.
8. The results of the survey on butterfly numbers have encouraged conservationists.
The results of the survey on butterfly numbers have conservationists.

Complete the sentences with the negative form of the adjectives in brackets. Each adjective
2
is formed using a prefix (e.g. un-, im-).

1. Hunting is in the national park and those who disobey the law will be
punished. (legal)
2. Many people are with the air quality in the town and think it should be
improved. (satisfy)
3. Some scientists fear that the environmental damage caused by global warming
is . (reverse)
4. The birds look very different from the adults of the same species. (mature)
5. It would be highly for people today to do nothing about the threats to natural
habitats such as rainforests. (responsible)
6. The scientists studied two insects and found they were completely in terms of
behaviour, size and habitat. (similar)
7. The loss of forests in the north of the country is very sad. (replace)
8. I couldn’t read my friend’s biology lecture notes because they were completely !
(legible)

28 FIRST READING AND USE OF ENGLISH | PART 3 | 3 © Cambridge University Press and UCLES 2017
 Exam task
For questions 1–8, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some
3
of the lines to form a word that fits in the gap in the same line. There is an example at the
beginning (0).

Example: (0) EXCEPTION

Lake Titicaca
Lake Titicaca is the largest lake in South America with the (0) EXCEPT
of Lake Maracaibo in Venezuela, which unlike Titicaca is connected directly to the
sea. It is 190 kilometres long and reaches a maximum (1) of DEEP
284 metres. Approximately 60 per cent of the lake lies in Peru and the rest in Bolivia.
The lake is famous for a variety of (2) wildlife, including a USUAL
giant frog that can weigh up to three kilogrammes.
Some animals in the lake are (3) species, which led to the DANGER
(4) of Titicaca National Reserve in 1978. The protection of the ESTABLISH
wildlife is guaranteed, and so is the beautiful scenery that makes a visit to the lake
so (5) . FORGET
There are numerous islands on the lake, although not all are (6) ACCESS
to tourists. The (7) of some of the islands are known as the INHABIT
Uros people, who still maintain their traditional way of life, but at the same time
welcome visitors. (8) , this beautiful lake is often ignored SURPRISE
by tourists.

Write the adjectives and verbs with negative prefixes from exercises 1, 2 and 3 in the table.
4
dis- il- im- in- ir- mis- un-

Get it right!
Look at the sentence below. Then try to correct the mistake.

Nowadays, zoos are considered by many people to be unuseful and cruel.

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