TLE - TD 8

Second Quarter- Module 1

Use of Tools and Equipment
Technology and Livelihood Education – Technical Drafting 8
Supplementary Learning Material
Quarter 2 – Module 1: Use of Tools and Equipment

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names, trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective
copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to
use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and
authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them.

DEVELOPMENT TEAM OF THE MODULE

Writer : Alex Badion and Luzviminda C. Castromero
Content Editor : Bernie B. Bongat
Language Editor : April Ann S. Abriol
Layout and Design Editor: Elrose V. Arique
Illustrator:
Cover Layout Artist :Nemesio S. Cancan Jr., EdD
MANAGEMENT TEAM
OIC-SDS : Romela M. Cruz, CESE
CID Chief : Alyn G. Mendoza, PhDTE
SGOD Chief : Emma G. Arrubio
EPS-in-Charge : Marife V. Arias
EPS-LRMS : Ruby E. Baniqued, EdD

Department of Education – Schools Division Office, Mandaluyong

Office Address: Calbayog St. Highway Hills, Mandaluyong City
Telephone number: CID- 79552557
E-mail Address:sdo.mandaluyong@deped.gov.ph ● www.depedmandaluyong.org

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Handle this module with care. Use a separate sheet in answering the
exercises.
2. Read the directions carefully before doing each task.
3. Activities in this module can be done individually or with the help of
your teacher, home learning partner or knowledge source partner.
4. Finish this module for the intended week.
5. Return this module to the authorized person in charge of retrieval.
 6.

TLE-TD
8

TECHNOLOGY & LIVELIHOOD EDUCATION 8 TD EXPLORATORY

QUARTER 2– MODULE 1
USE OF TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT (UT)

OBJECTIVES:
a. List hand tools and instrument based on job requirement;
b. Identify appropriate hand tools and equipment; and
c. Classify hand tools and instrument according to function and task requirement

Introduction / Overview:
You are about to begin an interesting and fascinating study of another language.
Have you thought of drafting this way? This is true. It is a means of communication that is
often referred to as the “language of industry.” It is not a spoken language. It is a graphic
language of lines, symbols, sizes, and space relationships.
Drafting is the language of every technical person to communicate his ideas clearly
and concisely to others. It is the process of analyzing, planning, and placing thoughts down
on paper in graphic forms. This is a picture made of lines, a graphic representation of the
actual object, an idea, or a design for production or construction.
For a Grade 8 student, you are going to explore another learning area that will focus
on technical drafting. This includes schematics and diagrams that communicate on how to
construct a product, machine, or structure. It also includes sketches and 3-dimensional
models that represent the appearance of a completed project. It is a process for making
accurate drawings using drawing tools and instruments.
Drafters or draftsmen are technical drawing professionals who create the drawing plans,
schematics, and models that manufacturers and contractors use to construct the final
structure or product. Draftsmen work with architects, engineers, and designers to translate
their designs into technical drawings.
Most manufactured products and all major buildings were first created on a drawing
paper. Your school building before it could be constructed, many hours were spent in
preparing detailed drawings. Industry, as we know it today, could not exist without a quick
and economical means of communicating its dream into reality. Yes, a draftsman had to
draw every detail before it could be built. Do you know that not one of those draftsmen was
born with a knowledge of drafting?
Explore your way to this new learning by taking the first step. Let me check what you
know by taking the pretest.

PRETEST

Directions: Select the drafting material and tool/drawing applicable to a specific job. Write
your answer in your notebook

_______1. It is a drafting tool used for drawing horizontal lines.

A. Compass B. Triangle C. T- square D. Triangular Scales
_______2. This drafting material is used to fasten drawing paper on the drawing table.
A. Compass B. Divider C. Masking Tape D. Triangle

MELC Code: TLE_ICTTD7/8UT0a-1

Competency: Prepare Hand Tools and Equipment in Technical Drafting
1
_______3. This tool is used to reproduce the measurements of an object to any size.
A. Compass B. Protractor C. Triangle D. Triangular Scales
_______4. This drafting tool is used to protect the rest of the drawing when removing
unnecessary lines.
A. Erasing Shield B. Eraser C. Masking Tape D. Pencil Sharpener

_______5. This drafting tool is used when drawing vertical lines.

A. Compass B. Triangle C. Triangular Scales D. Ruler

Directions: Match the description from column A to its corresponding items in column B by
writing your answer in your notebook.

Column A Column B
1. It is the type of pencil used when extreme accuracy is required. A. Eraser
2. This is used to clean the dirt off the drawing. B. Medium pencils
3. It is an instrument used to transfer measurements. C. Protractor
4. This type of pencil is used for general purpose in drawing. D. Divider
5. This is the best tool used to measure arcs, angles, and circles. E. Hard pencils
F. Triangle

MOTIVATION
Directions: Arrange the jumbled letters to form a word. Write your answer in your notebook
1. NPIECL
2. ITERANLG
3. SREAER
4. OTOLS
5. UIENNTSTRMS

LET’S STUDY

DRAFTING MATERIALS AND TOOLS, ITS USES/FUNCTIONS

There is a variety of drafting materials and tools used in mechanical drawing. The
drawing materials are items that replaced after use or consumed, these are drawing paper,
masking tape, pencil sharpener, and pencils. Tools and instruments are items used
repeatedly like T-square, triangles, triangular scale, and others. In this lesson, drafting
materials and tools discussed in basic form but enough for your initial understanding of
mechanical drawing.

Drawing paper- has various types available for use, hard and soft surface
drawing papers are recommended to be the best. This type does not dugout
easily when pressure is applied to the pencil. Oslo paper is commonly used
but the bond paper is also recommended

Masking tape - used for fastening the drawing paper on the drawing table or
drawing board because it does not damage the board and the paper if it is
removed when pulling it off.

Pencil sharpener -used to sharpened pencils whenever they show signs of

dullness. Various types and designs are available to use.

Eraser- used to clean the unwanted line to the drawing. A soft eraser is good
for removing smudges or unwanted pencil marks. A harder eraser is useful for
making changes and correcting errors in the drawing.
MELC Code: TLE_ICTTD7/8UT0a-1
Competency: Prepare Hand Tools and Equipment in Technical Drafting
2
Drawing Pencil- is one of the most
important tools of a draftsman. It has
various grades. The grade of pencil to be
used depends on the quality of paper to
be used and the type of line work
required in drawing project.
• Hard pencils – are used when
extreme accuracy is required, like
working on graphs, diagrams,
and charts.
• Medium pencils – are used for general purpose in working
drawings.
• Soft pencils – these types of pencil are too soft to be used in
mechanical drafting. This are commonly used for artwork of
various kinds.

Triangular Scales -a tool generally used when reproducing a drawing in

an enlarged or reduced form to regular proportion. The architect’s scale
is commonly used for architectural drawing and the main function is to
reproduce the measurements of an object in full size, reduce the size,
and enlarge the size.

Erasing Shield – a tool made up of metal with irregular holes. It is a

used to protect the drawing when clearing up unnecessary pencil lines,
smudges, and other erasures.

DRAWING INSTRUMENTS

Drawing instruments are used for drawing and designing. The quality is very
essential to have good result in drawing project. Inexpensive drawing tools and
instruments do not only provide poor quality results but also do not
last long. You must observe proper handling and care if you want
them to last longer.
T-Square - a drawing instrument used to make horizontal lines. It
is also used for guiding the triangles when drawing vertical lines. It
is made of wood, plastic, or the combination of both.
Three (3) types of T-square
1. Fixed Head. The head is fastened to the blade and used for
ordinary work.
2. Movable Head or Adjustable Head has one fixed.
3. Detachable Head or Removable Head is designed for easy carrying the T-square.
Triangle -is a three-sided ruler, that has two equal sides meeting at a 90º angle and to a
third side at 45º, 30º, including 60º angles. It is commonly made of plastic and has different
sizes. The triangle’s base must rest on the blade of the T-square when in use. Always starts
from the point near the base going upward to draw a line.

Commonly used triangles

a. 30 degrees X 60 degrees 30X60 45X45
b. 45 degrees X 45 degrees

MELC Code: TLE_ICTTD7/8UT0a-1

Competency: Prepare Hand Tools and Equipment in Technical Drafting
3
 Compass -a drawing instrument is used when drawing arcs and circles. It is
used in a same way to a divider. It has one with the pen leg and the needle
point leg being held together with a handle, can be used for both penciling
and inking.

Divider - a drawing instrument used when transferring measurements,

dividing lines and arcs into the desired number of equal parts. It is
used to transfer accurate measurements by adjusting the divider points
easily. It is necessary to have a constant correct practice before doing
an actual work for a quick, easy, and right control when use.

Protractor- is a semi-circular instrument divided into 180 equal parts

called a degree. It is used to determine gradations of the degrees when
measuring angles, arc, and circles. Protractor is usually made of plastic.

LET’S PRACTICE

CAN YOU DO IT?

Study carefully the picture
below. It is an example of
drawing plate.

Identify the least seven (7) tools

and instruments used in the
drawing plate. Write your
answer in your notebook.

LET’S TAKE THE CHALLENGE

CAN YOU THINK ABOUT IT?

What do think is the difference between materials and instruments? Write your
answer in your notebook.

POST TEST

I. Multiple Choice: Select the drafting material and tool/drawing applicable to a

specific job. Write the best answer in your notebook.

________1. Which drawing instruments below can be used to draw a circle as well as arc?
A. Compass B. Eraser C. Pencil D. T- square
________2. What drawing instrument is used to reduce or enlarge the size of the drawing?
A. Divider B. Protractor C. Tape Ruler D. Triangular scale
________3. What drawing instrument is used to erase unwanted marks on the drawing
paper?
A. Eraser B. French curve C. Template D. T- square
_________4. What drawing instrument is used for drawing horizontal lines?
A. Compass B. Eraser C. Pencil D. T- square
_________5. What is the most important tool used by the draftsman?
A. Compass B. Eraser C. Pencil D. T- square

MELC Code: TLE_ICTTD7/8UT0a-1

Competency: Prepare Hand Tools and Equipment in Technical Drafting
4
 II. Classify each item listed below. Write DTI for drafting tools/instrument and write
DM for drafting materials. Write the answer in your notebook.

_________1. Compass _________6. Drafting Paper

_________2. Triangular scale _________7. Protractor
_________3. Eraser _________8. Divider
_________4. Pencil _________9. Masking Tape
_________5. T-square ________10. Ruler

References:
• https://www.google.com/search?q=drafting+paper+picture&sxsrf=ALeKk03UUb7ZREGqhjvs_aaaP6Pz
• https://www.google.com/search?q=masking+tape&sxsrf=ALeKk01bcTsK3_8k0xNtFEiqtdyFI6uX-
w:1589861264913
• https://www.google.com/search?q=sharpener++picture&sxsrf=ALeKk02GXbnuSPJK81qXmf-
MtcQtZsZ8GQ:1589861963621&tbm=isch&source=iu&ictx=1&fir=hPBnburMFZcdxM%253A%252CkP_Al
vpDvV4WdM%252C_&vet=1&usg=AI4_-kQxjQfKn87-
aPabWjfZ6MTfBtJGzg&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjfjtWsib_pAhWYFogKHedhDlgQ9QEwAHoECAoQJQ#imgrc=h
PBnburMFZcdxM
• https://www.google.com/search?q=eraser+picture&sxsrf=ALeKk039M6NaQEleJODPqpXovs1-
ZhT1ew:1590324196208&tbm=isch&source=iu&ictx=1&fir=4aJDvSiCjc0GUM%253A%252CQhK4fYPwksf
qWM%252C_&vet=1&usg=AI4_-
kRhKUixYomDJ1dG2FtJbrI9S6PZhg&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiNo6umw8zpAhWLGqYKHcFJBAgQ9QEwCno
ECAkQPA#imgrc=4aJDvSiCjc0GUM
• https://www.google.com/search?q=pencil&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwjo6qGo187pAhXLIaYKHYLtAy0Q2-
cCegQIABAA&oq=pencil&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQAzIECCMQJzIECAAQQzIECAAQQzIECAAQQzIECAAQQzIECA
AQQzIECAAQQzIECAAQQzIECAAQQzIECAAQQ1DwlRZYoaMWYM24FmgAcAB4AIABvQGIAYQIkgEDMC42
mAEAoAEBqgELZ3dzLXdpei1pbWc&sclient=img&ei=UI3LXuiCGsvDmAWC24_oAg&bih=518&biw=646
• https://www.google.com/search?q=triangular+scale&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwiBir_m2M7pAhUCU5QKH
bNUDJkQ2cCegQIABAA&oq=triangular+scale&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQAzICCAAyAggAMgIIADICCAAyAggAMgII
ADICCAAyAggAMgIIADoECAAQQzoECCMQJ1CZ3FJYu41TYKGZU2gAcAB4AIABuwOIAZcZkgEKMC4xMC
41LjAuMZgBAKABAaoBC2d3cy13aXotaW1n&sclient=img&ei=347LXsGeFoKm0QSzqbHICQ&bih=518&bi
w=646#imgrc=WsYLJLNfGYL6PM
• https://www.google.com/search?q=erasing+shield&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwi-
tMj23c7pAhVBApQKHcwKCSoQ2-
cCegQIABAA&oq=era&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQARgBMgQIIxAnMgQIABBDMgQIABBDMgQIABBDMgIIADIECAA
QQzIECAAQQzIECAAQQzIECAAQQzICCABQ1dIeWNTVHmCT8R5oAHAAeACAAdoBiAGpBJIBBTAuMi4xm
AEAoAEBqgELZ3dzLXdpei1pbWc&sclient=img&ei=P5TLXv6YD8GE0ATMlaTQAg&bih=518&biw=646#imgr
c=ESNjAeZNU97GsM
• https://www.google.com/search?q=erasing+shield&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwi-
tMj23c7pAhVBApQKHcwKCSoQ2-
cCegQIABAA&oq=era&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQARgBMgQIIxAnMgQIABBDMgQIABBDMgQIABBDMgIIADIECAA
QQzIECAAQQzIECAAQQzIECAAQQzICCABQ1dIeWNTVHmCT8R5oAHAAeACAAdoBiAGpBJIBBTAuMi4xm
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90398276332&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiZk7-
i187pAhUNBogKHZ7iCFwQ_AUoAXoECBAQAw&biw=646&bih=518#imgrc=-
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• https://www.quora.com/What-is-freehand-
drawing#:~:text=Freehand%20drawing%20is%20when%20you,other%20tracing%20or%20reproduction%
20elements.
• Bermas, et al (n.d.) Grade 7 and 8 Learner’s Module: MECHANICAL DRAWING NCI
• https://careertrend.com/facts-5042740-definition-technical-
drawing.html?fbclid=IwAR3MRIcGZPX4_3rbqyM32rM_ma_z00o6xllx12UfOMCc2MKwBDzpw-qt-k
• Suratos, Cesar P. Quezon City: Technology and Livelihood Education 8, 2013

MELC Code: TLE_ICTTD7/8UT0a-1

Competency: Prepare Hand Tools and Equipment in Technical Drafting
5
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Schools Division Office-

Mandaluyong

Calbayog Street, Highway Hills, Mandaluyong City 1500

Telefax: (632) 79552557

Email Address: sdo.mandaluyong@deped.gov.ph

●www.depedmandaluyong.org