Python’s strptime()
the strptime() method creates a datetime object from the given string.
Note: You cannot create datetime object from every string. The string needs to be in a
certain format.
Example 1: string to datetime object
from datetime import datetime
date_string = "21 June, 2018"
print("date_string =", date_string)
print("type of date_string =", type(date_string))
date_object = datetime.strptime(date_string, "%d %B, %Y")
print("date_object =", date_object)
print("type of date_object =", type(date_object))
When you run the program, the output will be:
date_string = 21 June, 2018
type of date_string = <class 'str'>
date_object = 2018-06-21 00:00:00
type of date_object = <class 'datetime.datetime'>
How strptime() works?
The strptime() class method takes two arguments:
• string (that be converted to datetime)
• format code
Based on the string and format code used, the method returns its
equivalent datetime object.
In the above example:
Here,
• %d - Represents the day of the month. Example: 01, 02, ..., 31
• %B - Month's name in full. Example: January, February etc.
• %Y - Year in four digits. Example: 2018, 2019 etc.
Example 2: string to datetime object
from datetime import datetime
dt_string = "12/11/2018 09:15:32"
# Considering date is in dd/mm/yyyy format
dt_object1 = datetime.strptime(dt_string, "%d/%m/%Y %H:%M:%S")
print("dt_object1 =", dt_object1)
# Considering date is in mm/dd/yyyy format
dt_object2 = datetime.strptime(dt_string, "%m/%d/%Y %H:%M:%S")
print("dt_object2 =", dt_object2)
When you run the program, the output will be:
dt_object1 = 2018-11-12 09:15:32
dt_object2 = 2018-12-11 09:15:32
Format Code List
The table below shows all the format codes that you can use.
Directive Meaning Example
%a Abbreviated weekday name. Sun, Mon, ...
Sunday,
%A Full weekday name.
Monday, ...
%w Weekday as a decimal number. 0, 1, ..., 6
%d Day of the month as a zero-padded decimal. 01, 02, ..., 31
%-d Day of the month as a decimal number. 1, 2, ..., 30
Jan, Feb, ...,
%b Abbreviated month name.
Dec
January,
%B Full month name.
February, ...
%m Month as a zero-padded decimal number. 01, 02, ..., 12
%-m Month as a decimal number. 1, 2, ..., 12
Year without century as a zero-padded decimal
%y 00, 01, ..., 99
number.
%-y Year without century as a decimal number. 0, 1, ..., 99
2013, 2019
%Y Year with century as a decimal number.
etc.
Directive Meaning Example
Hour (24-hour clock) as a zero-padded decimal
%H 00, 01, ..., 23
number.
%-H Hour (24-hour clock) as a decimal number. 0, 1, ..., 23
Hour (12-hour clock) as a zero-padded decimal
%I 01, 02, ..., 12
number.
%-I Hour (12-hour clock) as a decimal number. 1, 2, ... 12
%p Locale’s AM or PM. AM, PM
%M Minute as a zero-padded decimal number. 00, 01, ..., 59
%-M Minute as a decimal number. 0, 1, ..., 59
%S Second as a zero-padded decimal number. 00, 01, ..., 59
%-S Second as a decimal number. 0, 1, ..., 59
Microsecond as a decimal number, zero-padded on 000000 -
%f
the left. 999999
%z UTC offset in the form +HHMM or -HHMM.
%Z Time zone name.
001, 002, ...,
%j Day of the year as a zero-padded decimal number.
366
%-j Day of the year as a decimal number. 1, 2, ..., 366
Directive Meaning Example
Week number of the year (Sunday as the first day of
%U the week). All days in a new year preceding the first 00, 01, ..., 53
Sunday are considered to be in week 0.
Week number of the year (Monday as the first day
%W of the week). All days in a new year preceding the 00, 01, ..., 53
first Monday are considered to be in week 0.
Mon Sep 30
%c Locale’s appropriate date and time representation.
07:06:05 2013
%x Locale’s appropriate date representation. 09/30/13
%X Locale’s appropriate time representation. 07:06:05
%% A literal '%' character. %
ValueError in strptime()
If the string (first argument) and the format code (second argument) passed to
the strptime() doesn't match, you will get ValueError . For example:
from datetime import datetime
date_string = "12/11/2018"
date_object = datetime.strptime(date_string, "%d %m %Y")
print("date_object =", date_object)
If you run this program, you will get an error.
ValueError: time data '12/11/2018' does not match format '%d %m %Y'
