MỆNH ĐỀ QUAN HỆ

A. LÝ THUYẾT
I. ĐẠI TỪ QUAN HỆ

ĐẠI TỪ QUAN HỆ

Thay cho danh từ Thay cho danh từ chỉ Thay cho tính từ sở
chỉ người vật, sự vật, sự việc hữu trước danh từ

WHOM WHICH WHOSE

(làm tân ngữ (làm chủ ngữ hoặc (luôn đi kèm với
cho động từ tân ngữ cho động từ một danh từ)
đứng sau nó) đứng sau nó)

WHO
(làm chủ ngữ hoặc Không dùng “that” sau
tân ngữ cho động dấu phẩy và sau giới từ
từ đứng sau nó)
THAT
(thay thế cho Bắt buộc dùng “that” sau
danh từ chỉ cả những danh từ chỉ cả
người lẫn vật) người lẫn vật, sau đại từ
bất định, sau tính từ so
sánh nhất …

II. TRẠNG TỪ QUAN HỆ

chỉ nơi chốn WHERE

in/at/on + which
= when/where

chỉ thời gian WHEN

TRẠNG TỪ
QUAN HỆ

for which
chỉ lý do WHY
= why
III. 2 LOẠI MỆNH ĐỀ QUAN HỆ
1. Finite Clause ( mệnh đề quan hệ xác định/ giới hạn ).
Dùng để giải thích về người, vật, nơi chốn mà ta đang đề cập đến. Nếu không có mệnh đề này thì
không thể hình dung người hay vật được đề cập. Nó cần thiết cho nghĩa của câu.
VD: The book was very interesting. I bought it yesterday.
→ The book which I bought yesterday was very interesting.
2. Non-finite Clause ( mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định/ không giới hạn ).
Dùng để cung cấp thêm thông tin về danh từ mà nó bổ nghĩa. Thông tin này có thể bỏ đi vì nó không
cần thiết. Mệnh đề không xác định ngăn cách với mệnh đề chính bằng 1 hoặc 2 dấu phẩy, khi tiền ngữ
là
- Danh từ đứng trước đại từ quan hệ là một tên riêng
VD: Miss Lan, who teaches English, is my teacher.
- Danh từ đứng trước đại từ quan hệ theo sau tính từ sở hữu
VD: My sister, who study with yours, speaks English very well.
- Danh từ đứng trước đại từ quan hệ theo sau đại từ chỉ định this, that, these ….
VD: That women, who lives next door to me, is very pretty.

B. BÀI TẬP:
Exercise 1: Complete each sentence using "who, which, that, whom, whose, where, when, why".
1. The boys________are playing in the garden are my cousins.
2. He finally married the girl_______he loved.
3. The flowers __________my friend gave me have withered.
4. Mary is the girl_______bicycle was stolen yesterday.
5. They have two grown children, both of______live abroad.
6. The singer__________I like best is My Tam.
7. The street_________leads to my school is very wide.
8. Your friend,____________name I can't remember, made a lot of noise.
9. The river from___________we get our water _ supply is nearly empty.
10. Tom, _________ sister is a teacher, is in my class.
11. The White House, _________ the US president lives, is in Washington.
12. My brother, _________ works in Warsaw, earns a lot of money.
13. She had three lovers, none of______knew about the others.
14. The Ritz Hotel, _________ we stayed last year, is very expensive.
15. John Lennon, _________ was born in 1940, was a member of The Beatles.
16. My car, _________ I bought last month, broke down again.
18. Molly, _________ father is from Paris, speaks French very well.
17. The man, _____________ is sitting on the chair, is a teacher.
18. The dog, _____________ is eating, belongs to Mike.
19. This actor, _____________ films are very bad, is really rich.
20. People _____________ the company employs are expected to sign a contract.
21. The house _____________ you saw belongs to my brother.
22. The only thing _____________ matters is to tell the truth.
23. That's the house _____________ I was born.
24. The girl _____________ phoned to my sister is her best friend.
25. Ann, _____________ children are now grown up, is looking for a job.
26. I told the police _____________ happened.
27. Peter, _____________ I met yesterday, is sick.
28. These pupils, _____________ come into the classroom, are disruptive.
29. My car, _____________ I crashed in around about, is broken.
30. That is the bus _____________ I usually take.
31. Here is a game the rules _____________ I don't understand.
32. John, _____________ appetite is spectacular, is fat.
33. My book, _____________ I put into the trash bag, has been stained.
34. My father , _____________ is coming back, is in a bad mood.
35. I comfort Maggy _____________ is crying.
36. This child, _____________ school record book is awful, seems to be sad.
37. The woman _____________ is reading a book is a friend of mine.
38. John, _____________ father is a doctor, wants to be a doctor too.
39. the book _____________ is on the table is not for sale.
40. My sister, _____________ husband is inside the car, can't drive.
41. He's the boy _____________ delivers the newspaper on Sundays.
42. My friend Paul _____________ lives in London, always takes the bus to go to work.
43. The Indian restaurant _____________ is in Green street is very expensive.
44. Yes, this restaurant is expensive, but the Chef, _____________ WHO is a native Indian, is a marvelous
cook.
45. Who is this man _____________ wife is looking so sad ?
46. Do you see the dog, _____________ is over there?
47. Is this the umbrella _________ you lost ?
48. The man _________ is sitting by the door takes a break.
49. He reminds me of someone _________ I used to know.

Exercise 2: Rewrite these sentences using relative

50. The pub is opposite the Town Hall. I first met my wife there.
__________________________________________________________________________________
51. He was sitting on a chair. It was uncomfortable.
__________________________________________________________________________________
52. He smokes cigarettes. They are very strong.
__________________________________________________________________________________
53. Let me see the pictures. You took them at Peter's wedding.
__________________________________________________________________________________
54. Some people only think about money. I don't like them.
__________________________________________________________________________________
55. Do you know that lady? I repaired her car.
__________________________________________________________________________________
56. John has bought a house. There are ghosts in that house.
__________________________________________________________________________________
57. Mary was given a lot of information. Most of the information was completely inaccurate.
__________________________________________________________________________________
58. The traffic is also very noisy. It passes my flat.
__________________________________________________________________________________
59. Our school has a good laboratory. The students practice chemistry in this laboratory.
__________________________________________________________________________________
60. Could you iron those trousers? They're hanging up behind the door.
__________________________________________________________________________________
61. He worked with some people. They thought he was stupid.
__________________________________________________________________________________
62. When I looked through the window I saw a girl. Her beauty took my breath away.
__________________________________________________________________________________
63. These are the books. I use them in the class.
__________________________________________________________________________________
64. That's the name. I couldn't remember it yesterday.
__________________________________________________________________________________
65. The film is about two people. Their plane crashed in the jungle
__________________________________________________________________________________
66. The film is about a king. His ambition was to rule the world.
__________________________________________________________________________________
67. They are the people. I was talking about them.
__________________________________________________________________________________
68. That is the tunnel. I went through it.
__________________________________________________________________________________
69. He's the criminal. The police are looking for him.
__________________________________________________________________________________
70. My flat is in an old part of the city. It was built in the 1920s.
__________________________________________________________________________________
71. There are lots of bars and restaurants in the neighborhood. I live in the neighborhood.
__________________________________________________________________________________
72. My neighbour comes from Ecuador. He works on the fruit farms around the city.
__________________________________________________________________________________
73. The neighbour makes a lot of noise walking around. His flat is above mine.
__________________________________________________________________________________
74. There were some good programmes on the radio. None of the programmes I listened to.
__________________________________________________________________________________
75. The local market sells excellent local produce. It is a two-minute walk from my flat.
__________________________________________________________________________________
76. John is speaking to his boss. His boss is a famous writer.
__________________________________________________________________________________
77. I like the town. You live there.
__________________________________________________________________________________
78. I like the painting. It is in this room.
__________________________________________________________________________________
79. The man was sick. He looked very pale.
__________________________________________________________________________________
Exercise 3: Choose the best answer
He came and didn’t say anything, ______ worried all of us.
A. that B. who C. whom D. which
2. Marie, ______ I met at the party, called me last night.
A. that B. whom C. which D. whose
3. She’s the woman ______ sister babysits for us.
A. who B. which C. that D. whose
4. The story --------- the teacher told us was very interesting.
A. who B. whom C. it D. which
5.Do you know the girl ---------- is talking to them.
A. who B. whom C. which D. she
6.The test ………………. the teacher gave us yesterday was very difficult.
A. which B. who C. whom D. it
7.The people…………… I met at his family were very nice.
A. who B. they C. whom D. which
8.Yoko told me about students ………………. have taken the entrance exam 13 times.
A. who B. whom C. which D. that
9.The secretary....................I talked to didn't know where the meeting was.
A. which B. whom C. that D. θ
10.I need to talk to a person ......................you can trust. You will feel better if you do.
A. whose B. which C. whom D. θ
11.Bob is the kind of person to...................one can talk about anything.
A. who B. whom C. that D. him
12.He is a person...................friends trust him.
A. who B. his C. that D. whose
13.M looking for an electric can opener......................also can sharpen knives.
A. who B. which C. that D. θ
14.People .................. live in glass houses shouldn't throw stones.
A. who B. whom C. which D. θ
15.The problems .................. Tony has seem insurmountable.
A. what B. he C. that D. θ
16.The man ............. I introduced you to last night may be the next president of the university.
A. which B. whom C. that D. θ
17.Cathy is trustworthy. She's a person upon ............... You can always depend.
A. who B. whom C. that D. θ
18.Your career should focus on a field in...............you are genuinely interested.
A. which B. what C. that D. θ
19.People ................. outlook on life is optimistic are usually happy people.
A. whose B. whom C. that D. which
20.Ms. Donaldson,................. teaches linguistics at the university, recently re¬ceived recognition for her
research.
A. who B. whom C. which D. that
21.The earth, ................ is the fifth largest planet in the solar system, is the third planet from the sun.
A. who B. whom C. which D. that
22.The check................I gave Oliver was for work he'd done for me.
A. who B. which C. that D. θ
23.Melanie was looking after a dog..............leg had been broken in an accident.
A. which B. whose C. that D. its
24.One of the people arrested was Mary Arundel, ................. is a member of the local council.
A. that B. who C. whom D. 0
25.The Titanic,................sank in 1922, was supposed to be unsinkable.
A. whose B. that C. which D. who
26.The Newspaper is owned by the Mearson Group, ....................... chairman is Sir James Bex.
A. which B. that C. who D. whose
27.She is one of the few people to ............. I look up.
A. who B. whom C. that D. ɸ
28.Genghis Khan, _________ name means “very mighty ruler”, was a Mongol emperor in the Middle Ages.
A. whom B. whose C. who D. how
29. The children _____ sang at the Mayor's parade were from the local school.
A. whose B. where C. who D. whom
30.The school programme _______ has been interrupted by revision tests requires a regular course study.
A. whose B. who C. what D. that
31.The girl ______ dress you admire has been working for an export company since she left school.
A. who B. what C. whose D. whom
32.The young man ______ was released after the court was found innocent of all the charges against him.
A. who B. who he C. which D. whose
33.Is that the same film ______ we watched last year?
A. when B. which C. why D. who
34.The girl _____ I borrowed the dictionary asked me to use it carefully.
A. whose B. from whom C. from whose D. whom
35.The first television picture _________ John Logie Baird transmitted on 25 November, 1905 was a boy
______ worked in the office next to Baird's workroom in London.
A. which / whom B. who / which C. that / whose D. that / who
36.Joyce Bews, ______ was born and grew up in Portsmouth on the south coast of England, _______ she still
lives, was 100 last year.
A. that / in which B. who / where C. that / where D. who / that
37.The pollution ______ they were talking is getting worse.
A. that B. about which C. which D. whom
38.Robert Riva, an Italian ____ used to play for Cremonese, now coaches the Reigate under 11's football
team.
A. when B. which C. where D. who
39. When I was at school, there was a girl in my class ______ skin was so sensitive that she couldn't expose
her skin to the sun even with cream on.
A. where B. whose C. whom D. that
40. Unfortunately, the friend with ________ I intended to go on holiday to Side is ill, so I'll have to cancel my
trip.
A. who B. whom C. where D. that
41.The new stadium, ____ will be completed next year, will seat 30,000 spectators.
A. what B. where C. when D. which
42.Blenheim Palace, _____ Churchill was born, is now open to the public.
A. when B. where C. which D. whose
Exercise 4: Combine the following sentences, using preposition + whom or which.
Question 1: The lady gave me good advice. I spoke to her an hour ago.
=> The lady__________________________________________________
Question 2: I’ll give you an address. You should write to it.
=> I’ll give __________________________________________________
Question 3: The picture is beautiful. She was looking at it.
=> he picture __________________________________________________
Question 4: The movie is fantastic. They are talking about it.
=> The movie __________________________________________________
Question 5: The song was interesting. We listened to it last night.
=> The song __________________________________________________
Question 6: The man was very kind. I talked to him yesterday.
=> The man__________________________________________________
Question 7: The man works in the hospital. I told you about him.
=> The man__________________________________________________
Question 8: Who was that boy? You were with him this morning.
=> Who was __________________________________________________
Question 9: The man sat next to me on the bus this morning. I got the news from that man.
=> The man__________________________________________________
Question 10: The train was full of passengers and goods. We traveled on it.
=> The train__________________________________________________

Exercise 5: Rewrite the following sentences, using a present participial phrase.

Question 1: That man who lives on the next floor looks very lonely.
=> __________________________________________________
Question 2: The person who interviewed me asked me some very difficult questions.
=> __________________________________________________
Question 3: I saw some people and some animals that were working on the farm.
=> __________________________________________________
Question 4: The man who answered the phone told me you were away.
=> __________________________________________________
Question 5: Over two hundred people who attended the funeral expressed their grief at her son's death.
=> __________________________________________________
Question 6: The person who did it was never caught.
=> __________________________________________________
Question 7: Do you like the person who sits next to you?
=> __________________________________________________
Question 8: More and more people are rejecting food which don’t come from local producers.
=> __________________________________________________
Question 9: The boy who is playing the piano is Ben.
=> __________________________________________________
Question 10: The people who are waiting for the bus in the rain are getting wet.
=> __________________________________________________

Exercise 6: Rewrite the following sentences, using a past participial phrase.

Question 1: They work in the hospital which was sponsored by the government.
=> __________________________________________________
Question 2: The photographs which were published in the newspaper were extraordinary.
=> __________________________________________________
Question 3: They live in a house that was built in 1890.
=> __________________________________________________
Question 4: I come from a city that is located in the southern part of the country.
=> __________________________________________________
Question 5: The ideas which are presented in that book are interesting.
=> __________________________________________________
Question 6: The sport games which were held in India in 1951 were the first Asian Games.
=> __________________________________________________
Question 7: The girl who was injured in the accident is in the hospital now.
=> __________________________________________________
Question 8: I am writing this letter in response to the vacancy which is advertised on the newspaper.
=> __________________________________________________
Question 9: The house which was destroyed completely in the fire has now been rebuilt.
=> __________________________________________________
Question 10: Our company is applying to these methods of working which were
established in the last century.
=> __________________________________________________

Exercise 7: Rewrite the following sentences, using an infinitive phrase.

Question 1: The last person that we must see is Mr. Smith.
=>__________________________________________________
Question 2: He was the first man who flew into space.
=>__________________________________________________
Question 3: John was the last man who reached the top of the mountain.
=> __________________________________________________
Question 4: My father is the only man who I can count on.
=>__________________________________________________
Question 5: The last person who leaves the room must turn off the light.
=>__________________________________________________
Question 6: This is the second person who was killed in that way.
=> __________________________________________________
Question 7: The first person who catches the ball will be the winner.
=> __________________________________________________
Question 8: Who was the last person who saw the young man alive?
=> __________________________________________________
Question 9: Sai Gon Times was the only newspaper which appeared that day.
=> __________________________________________________
Question 10: Marie Curie was the first woman who was awarded the Nobel Prize in chemistry.
=>__________________________________________________

Exercise 8: Rewrite the following sentences as required.

Question 1: My brother has a pen friend. He has been writing to him for 20 years.
(whom) =>__________________________________________________
Question 2: Sydney is the largest Australian city. It is not the capital of Australia.
(reducing the relative clauses) =>__________________________________________________
Question 3: John works with that other chap. I can’t remember his name.
(whose) __________________________________________________
Question 4: The man who jogs regularly in the Botanic Gardens is swimming in his private pool.
(reducing the relative clauses) =>____________________________________
Question 5: The shark which was caught at sea weighs two hundred kilos.
(reducing the relative clauses) =>____________________________________
Question 6: She was the fourth woman who finished the race.
(reducing the relative clauses) =>_____________________________________
Question 7: The student wrote an outstanding paper. He was awarded a prize for it.
(using preposition + whom/which) =>_________________________________
Question 8: You should put the money in a savings account. It will earn interest in the savings account.
(where) =>__________________________________________________
Question 9: The car belongs to Mr Pike. Its brake is being repaired.
(whose) =>__________________________________________________
Question 10: He collects the things which were thrown away everywhere.
(reducing the relative clauses) =>_________________________________
Question 11: We found the fifth person that survived after the earthquake.
(reducing the relative clauses) =>__________________________________
Question 12: There was a tree which was blown down in the storm last night.
(reducing the relative clauses) =>_________________________________
Question 13: The children who attend that school receive a good education.
(reducing the relative clauses) =>_________________________________
Question 14: I must thank the man. I got the present from him.
(using preposition + whom/which) =>_____________________________
Question 15: It gives me a good chance to improve my Italian. It has become a little bit rusty.
(which) =>__________________________________________________

Exercise 9: Choose the best answer in the following question.

Question 1: She's one of the people______love to be the centre of attention.
A. which B. who C. whose D. whom
Question 2: They meet in an old house,______basement has been converted into a chapel.
A. whose B. which C. whom D. that
Question 3: There are lots of things______I need to buy before the trip.
A. that B. whose C. which D. whom
Question 4: I am writing in connection with the volunteer opportunities______on 10 November.
A. appeared B. which appearing C. to appear D. appearing
Question 5: Fraud detectives are investigating the company, three of______senior executives have already
been arrested.
A. whom B. whose C. that D. who
Question 6: The people______called yesterday want to buy the house.
A. whose B. which C. who D. whom
Question 7: Isobel,______brother he was, had heard the joke before.
A. that B. whom C. whose D. who
Question 8: Do you remember that nice Mr Hoskins______came to dinner?
A. which B. whom C. whose D. who
Question 9: His best movie,______won several awards, was about the life of Gandhi.
A. that B. whose C. which D. whom
Question 10: It was a crisis for______she was totally unprepared.
A. whose B. which C. who D. whom
Question 11: The Kingfisher group,______name was changed from Woolworths earlier this year, includes
about 720 high street shops.
A. whom B. whose C. which D. that
Question 12: We don’t know the person______donated this money.
A. that B. whom C. whose D. who

Question 13: We drove past my old school, ______ is celebrating its 100 th anniversary this year.
A. where B. whom C. whose D. which
Question 14: He was the first director of the National Science Foundation, and he funded science research
with an annual budget______grew to 500 million dollars.
A. whom B. whose C. that D. why
Question 15: Modem office buildings have false floors, under______computer and phone wires can be laid.
A. why B. where C. which D. whom
Question 16: Super Star's video tapes have all been packed up, waiting for the day______he finds a new
location.
A. whose B. why C. when D. where
Question 17: The name originated from the days______this house belonged to the local policeman.
A. when B. why C. which D. whom
Question 18: The hall______you’re giving your talk has a really good sound system.
A. whom B. whose C. where D. which
Question 19: Jackson is the most good-looking boy______to this school.
A. to come B. coming C. has come D. comes
Question 20: We stood on the bridge______the two small towns of the London.
A. connected B. was connecting C. connecting D. connects
Question 21: The woman______in the hall expected to make a phone call.
A. waiting B. was waiting C. had been waiting D. waited
Question 22: Khrushchev may have been perspicacious enough to imagine the day______his turn would
come and he would become Special Pensioner Khrushchev.
A. when B. where C. which D. why
Question 23: The conference______by non-governmental organizations was about globalization.
A. plans B. planning C. planned D. is planning
Question 24: Peter is the youngest person to______part in the race.
A. take B. taken C. takes D. taking
Question 25: The books______by William Shakespeare are interesting.
A. writes B. writing C. written D. wrote
Question 26: He was the only person to______there at the time.
A. have been living B. live C. have lived D. living
Question 27: The term track and field refers to athletic events______include foot races and jumping and
throwing events.
A. of which B. that C. in which D. where
Question 28: That was the week______we booked our holiday.
A. why B. when C. where D. which
Question 29: The citrus fruit______has been exposed to cool temperatures during maturation is sweeter and
more tender than those that have not.
A. whom B. whose C. which D. where
Question 30: There are times______I wonder why I do this job.
A. when B. where C. why D. which
Question 31: San Francisco, America's romantic city, has always been a haven for the artists and
writers______have left at least part of their hearts there.
A. who B. whom C. whose D. why
Question 32: The educated man is the man______expression is educated
A. whom B. whose C. when D. why
Question 33: Canada,______I spent most of my childhood, is a country of vast plains and heavy forested
areas.
A. in which B. when C. for which D. whom
Question 34: The title of the book is the name of the community______the author grew up.
A. when B. in which C. at which D. why

Question 35: Mistletoe,______is believed to have magic powers, is traditionally hung over doorways during
the Christmas season.
A. that B. whom C. which D. where
Question 36: I have never forgot the beloved school______I studied in.
A. which B. when C. whom D. whose
Question 37: The safe______we put our jewelry and other valuables was stolen by a group of thieves last
night.
A. whose B. in which C. whom D. why
Question 38: She was at the JW Marriott Hanoi______I was telling you.
A. on which B. to which C. at which D. about which
Question 39: Martin Stevenson,______children I have been looking after since I started the university in
London, is my history professor.
A. whose B. which C. that D. whom
Question 40: The day______I'm forced to give up my dream is a sad day for me.
A. where B. on which C. at which D. why
Question 41: The extent______the stock market is affected by the day-to-day pronouncements of the
President of the United States is astonishing.
A. of which B. where C. to which D. when
Question 42: Jack was the handsome person______I was talking yesterday.
A. on whom B. in whom C. with whom D. for whom
Question 43: In many parts of the world, the grass______is called vetiver is known for its fragrant oil as well
as its ability to prevent soil erosion.
A. who B. which C. whose D. whom
Question 44: David lives in the street______the houses are surrounded with lush lawns and green gardens.
A. on which B. at which C. for which D. in which
Question 45: The moment______I learned the results of the art competition was one of the worst times in
my life.
A. when B. why C. where D. which
Question 46: The gorgeous picture______you are looking in the hall is very expensive.
A. on which B. at which C. in which D. for which
Question 47: He was the third man______in this way.
A. killing B. was killed C. to have been killed D. to be killed
Question 48: I have two sisters, both of______want to become an English teacher in the future.
A. whom B. who C. which D. where
Question 49: Dalat,______I paid a visit last summer vacation, is extremely magnificent.
A. whose B. which C. where D. that