Teachers Oe cana ocr but] mou an — enter by yourself. . Lessons for life READING 7 USE OF ENGLISH WRITIN5 Lessons for life GRAMMAR Bi ead tne grammar bor. Are the relative clauses in these Sentences defing ef hon-detning? 11 Norah Grieg School, where Hanne studies, has about 1800 students. 2 The guy that teaches physics loves video games. 3 Jakob, who goes to the school is very happy. 4 The day when we frst played Portal was exciting Motels defining relative clauses ‘A These gve us essen information, We can use who, which, when where whose and thot The game encourages a creative approach whch rarely found in losses on this subject. They experience a dangerous world where there ae zombies around every corner. She hae classmates whore flings are less postive ‘We can use thatinstead of who and which New approaches that allow students tobe more focused arewsetal We can leave out who, which and that when they re the object of the verb. Itdevelops the confidence (which) they need non-defining relative clauses These give us extra, non-essential information We use commas to separate them from the main sentence Aleksander Husey, whl a teacher atthe schoo, thinks this isjust the start In this game, which is played i social science lessons, students focus on world politics Note: We can't use that instead of whe or which, and we can't leave out the relative pronoun, ED}> 1 sten toa stent aking about one of is tenchers. Flow did Mr Mil help him? FED s.2 match the sentence halves from the recording. Rewrite them using a diferent relative pronoun. Sometimes no change is posible Listen again and check your answers. 1 There's one teacher 2 Itwasatime 3 People were always laughing at my handvviting, 4 She'd even won a national prize fora story A that had a big influence an me. B which she'd written © when really hated writing D which was very difficult to read, [on the sentences using these words Use the wordsin bol to help you and add commas where necessary. In wihich sentences can we leave out the relative pronoun? that when where which who whose Id love to visit Greece, Alot of famous philosophers lived there. Ihave a friend, She designs her own clothes, earn to swirn ina river. teens through my town. 4 Every Sunday, | learn a lot about teamwork. | play basketball then, 5 My oldest cousin is into politics. His name is van, 6 The school has only ust bought the tablets. We used them yesterday, [ib compete tveartch with relative pronouns. Which gops can have no lative pronoun? Speak up i wnat do you ie and esike? Discuss these topies using relative clauses, bbeaches days food gamesor sports. shops like shops where the clothes don't cost too much, game on Workin teams and prepare sb questions with relative clauses about famous people, places or things, Then havea que ‘What's the name of the country where the frst Nintendo games consoles were made?It’s a normal schoo! day, and students are playing a video ‘game while their teacher watches happily. An impossible dream? Not if you study at Nordahl Griag Schoo! in Bergen, Nonway. ‘While many achools and parents are trying to reduce the number cof hours young people spend on gaming, teachers here are ‘making video games a central part of their lessons. | Bestsaling games created just for entertainment are also used in class. ‘The teachers find that they can help develop important skills which are often overicoked in traditional lessons, Students use the puzzle game Porta/™ in physics 10 simulate experiments that would be toc dangerous in the real world. Thay have to make up their own experiments in the game environment, for example throwing huge abjacts from buildings of diferent heights to test the laws of gravity, Seeing the results makes the topic easier to understand. * People might not believe that a game like The Walking Dead® can teach anything useful. However, according 10 Tobias Staaby, Nordahl Grieg's moral philosophy ‘teacher, experiencing a dangerous world where there are ‘zombies around every corner offers his students important educational opportunities. » For example, ‘they decide who to share the'r limited food supplies with whose ite to save, and s0 on, Discussing these decisions brings to life forthe students the consequences of using different systems to judge what is right and wrong, This, in turn, develops the confidence they need to make moral choices in their adult fives, ‘Another skill developed through playing a video game ‘empathy. In Cvlization®, which is used in social science classes, students focus on world politics by simulating real-world, modern-day conficts, and playing through poss: at the schoo! Je ways to achiave peace. - It also provides memorable experiences of being in the shoes of people with very different opinions and aims. The ‘greater empathy that results trom this is extremely useful in the modern world, where we interact with people from a wide variety of backgrounds, Students also study video games in iterature classes ‘and create their own in information technology. . truly beliave that within a few years ‘we will see a huge explosion in the use of games in an educational context,’ he says. ‘And what do his students feel about this new approach {0 learning? One student writes on the schoo! blog I think itis a good way to make us think of “work” iffereily t gots much easior it you actually enjoy it ‘and want to do more than necessary” Another, Henrik, likes the way that games get people to work together to achieve something. © ' was already very happy with the “normal” way of earring,’ wrtes Hanne, “30 I don't really feel ike | need another alternative.’ She accepts, though, that she has classmates whose feelings about traditional teaching methods are less positive, and that new approaches that allow them to be more focused are useful Her friend Jakob sums up the reaction of the majority of students. “We're living the dream!”5 Lessons for life READING Power up Hi wt vdeo games ae the mast popular with people your age? Why do you thnk they Ike these games? Bl winer intuence do veo games have on young people? Work in pairs and discuss the positive and negative effects of playing video games. Read on Hof reed the article about gaming in schools quleky. Does it mention any of your kno from Ex 2? Read the exam tip and complete the tack. exam tip: gapped text Think about the relationship between the gapped sentence and the sentences around it. Linking words can g you clues, For example are they expressing a contrast, an aditiona idea, cause or effect an example, atime sequence? Read the fist two paragraphs of the text, stopping after gap 1. Loakat sentences A-G in Ex and find ene or more that seem to ft the topic. What clues do the inking words in the text or the gapped sentences give you? EX Bieas the article again. choose which sentence (A-@) fis each gap (2-6). There is one extra sentence you do not new! B As they play through parts of the ‘a series of eifcult choices they have to make Aleksander Husay, whois a teacher at the school, thinks ‘hiss just the start. This gives them a better understanding of international relations E Asa result the improvement was unexpected, even for the students. F Andwe'te not only talking about educational ones that fare designed to teach something but aren't much fun, G In addon, the game encourages a creative approach ‘hich is rarely found in classes on this subject. 66 Find words or phrases inthe article that mean the following 4 not considered important (ara 2) 2 ely to runout (para 4) 3 effects pare 4 4 rating that ight ad yo naa 5 wars(pera5) & have contact (para 5) 7 a sudden large increase (para 6 8 away of doing something (para 7) Sum up Bd wy do tho teachers at Nordahl Grieg Schoo! like including video games in ther lessons? Speak up Ei Te what extent are these statements true for leatning from video games? And for traditional schoolwork? 41 ‘Making mistakes isthe best ay to lear 2. "When you'e doing well you don’t want to stop: 3 ‘Iv’sworth trying hard even if you don't succeed