NOTES 2 ON RIZAL- LEGAL BASIS OF THE COURSE RIZAL

Seeds of revolution
By: Sonta S. Daquila
 Republic Act No 1425- Legal Basis of teaching Rizal.
 “An act to include in the curricula of all public and private schools, colleges and
universities courses on the life, works and writings of Jose Rizal, particularly his novels
Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo, authorizing the printing and distribution thereof,
and for other purposes.”
 Claro M. Recto -the original author of RA 1425
 Jose P. laurel – the author of RA 1425 and is considered as the Father of Rizal Law.
Historical Background:
 Jose P. Laurel filed on the House of Senate the SB 438 with the intention of giving
Filipinos knowledge about the oppression suffered by them during the Spanish era
through the readings of the two novels of Rizal.
 SB 438 was opposed by Senators Decoroso Rosales, Mariano Cuenco and Francisco
Rodrigo because according to them, requiring the teaching of Rizal in Schools would be a
violation of religious freedom.
 Cong. Jesus Paredes, a radio commentator said that Noli Me Tangere is an attack to the
clergy.
 The sponsors of the bill contented that the bill was still an accordance with one’s
Constitutional rights.
 Congressman Joaquin Roces asserted that compulsion should be applied since this was
also employed by the Spanısh colonizers to suppress the development of the Philippines
as a nation.
 A compromise was reached. The word “Compulsory” was removed and changed to
“inclusion” in the curricula of all public and private schools, colleges and universities…”
 Senator Arturo Tolentino called for unity among lawmakers and among Filipinos. Sen
Rodrigo who earlier opposed was convinced of its wisdom with the inclusion of
“Freedom and Nationalism.”
 Thus RA 1425 became a law on June 12, 1956 after the approval of President Ramon
Magsaysay.
Salient Point of Rizal Law:
 The need to give utmost importance to the ideals of freedom, nationalism, and
patriotism by understanding the life and works of Dr. Rizal.
Implementation of Rizal Law: Implementation Secretary/Minister of Education:

 Sec. Jose Romero (1960)

 Gave schools so much leeway in the implementation of the law that some schools were
granted exemption from reading the two novels.
 Rizal course was offered either as a three-unit course, as one unit or supplementary
topics in other courses.
 Sec. Alejandro Roces (1965)
 Ordered the integration of Rizal course with “appropriate “courses other than Spanish.
 Secretary Carlos P. Romulo (1969)
 Ordered the course Rizal to be offered as three-unit course and as a pre-requisite for
graduation.
 Minister Jaime C. Laya (1984)
 Ordered Rizal course integrated in Philippine History and Rizal’s literary works in the
language and literature courses in Filipino, Spanish and English.
 The Government through DECS (1990s)
  The government took Rizal course lightly in preference to its thrust on science and
technology.
MEC/MECs/DECS/CHED Memoranda/Orders:
1. Circular No. 7, s. 1960. (April 1, 1960)
 -Correct Interpretation of Sec. 1 of RA 1425 with reference to required collegiate courses
in Rizal. (Sec. 1: Courses on the life, works and writings of Jose Rizal, particularly his
novels Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo, shall be included in the curricula of all
schools, colleges and universities, public and private; provided, that in the collegiate
courses, the original and unexpurgated editions of the Noli Me Tangere and El
Filibusterismo or their English translation shall be used as basic texts."
2. Department Memorandum Order No. 10, s. 1960. (August 26, 1960)
 Summary of the Rules and Regulations on the Implementation of Rizal Law. It stressed
the intensive teaching of Rizal's life, works and writings.
3. Circular No.26 s. 1960
 Supplemented previous Circulars and Regulations on the Implementation of RA 1425
and Cited Department Memo No, 10, s. 1960.
4. Enclosure to Department Order No. 9 of 1969
 Providing syllabus for the Rizal course.
5. Memorandum No. 47 s. 1969
 Implementing a three-unit course in the Life, Works and Writing of Jose Rizal.
6.MECs Order No. 62, s. 1884
 Amending and Consolidating MECS Issuances on the Teaching of Mandated subjects in
the curricula.
7. Memorandum Order 247 (Dec of. 26., 1994.)

 President Ramos' Directive to the Secretary of DECS and Chairman of CHED

 For immediate and full implementation of RA 1425, citing the schools as the book in
which is written the future of the nation and in line with the Centennial Celebration.
8. CHED Memo No, 3 s. 1995 (Jan. 13, 1995)
 reiterated the salient points of Memo Order 247 of President Ramos.
9. DECS Order NO. 6, s. 1995 (Feb. 6, 1995)
 Reiterated the President's Memo 0rder for Immediate and Full Implementation of Rizal
law.
10. DECS Order No. 6, s. 1996 (Feb. 15, 1996)
 Ordering all Colleges and Universities to offer Rizal Course as a separate three-unit
course, fully and immediately with sanction to schools which shall not comply.
11. CHED Memo Order NO. 59 New General Education Curriculum (Sept, 25, 1996)
 Declared Rizal and Philippine History as Mandate subjects.
NOTES 7 ON JOSE RIZAL- LIFE OF RIZAL
 Full Name:
o Jose Protacio Mercado Rizal y Alonzo Realonda
 Place of Birth:
o Calamba, Laguna
 Date of Birth:
o June 19, 1861
 Date of Birth:
o Dec. 30, 1896

=EARLY MANIFESTATON OF INNATE TALENTS=

 Known the alphabet at the age of 3 years old.
 From 3 to 8 yrs old, he devoted his time in reading, and
 Manifested his skills in sculpture, sketching and painting at 8 yrs old, he wrote his
first poem “SA AKING KABABATA”.
 Kapag umiibing nang tapat ang bayan sa wikang sa kanya” langit ang nagbigay,
ipaglalaban din ya’ong kalayaan, katulad ng ibon sa nililiparan.
 Dahilan sa wika ay hinuhukuman ang mag lupain, baya’t kaharian, at ang bawa’t
tao’y katulad din naman ng ibang likha rin niyong kalayaan.
 At ang nandidiri sa sariling wika’y masama pang higit sa malansang isda’t hayop
na halimaw, kaya’t ang dapat nga’y mahaling katulad ng Inang nagpala.
 Ang wikang tagalog ay gaya ring tunay ng latin, ng ingles at ng kastila man; mga
wikang angel, Diyos ang may bigay kaya sa kanila’y siyang nagbabantay.
 Itong wika nati’y tulad din ng lahat na may abakada’t sariling pagsulat; lamang ay
nalunod sa sigwang lumagpak at sa kanyang lunday naglubog at sukat sa gabi
ng mga panahong lumipas sa sinapupunan ng maalong dagat.

=FORMAL EDUCATION=

 Teodora Alonzo
o Rizal’s first teacher who taught him how to read and say prayers.

Private Tutors of Rizal before he went formal schooling:

1. Maestro Celestino

2. Maestro Lucas Padua

3. Leon Monroy

 9 years old
o Underwent formal schooling in basic curriculum – the 4Rs (reading, writing,
arithmetic and religion) under JUSTINIANO AQUINO CRUZ.
  11 years old
o took the entrance examination at SAN JUAN DE LETRAN COLLEGE on June
10, 1872.
 He passed the examination and this entitled him to admission in secondary level
and college.

NB. Rizal did not enrolled at San Juan de Letran.

 Ateneo
o the school where he enrolled for 5 years( 1872 -1877) and obtained a
BACHELOR OF ARTS degree.
 This degree entitled him for admission in University.
 He also obtained a degree of surviving in this school.

=Extra-curricular activities in Ateneo=

 member and later secretary of the Marian Congregation – a religious society.

 member of the Academy of Spanish Literature.
 member of the Academy of Natural Sciences.
 the school where he took up Philosophy and letters and later on enrolled in
MEDICINES In 1877.

=UST=
Reasons why he left UST
 The Dominican professors were hostile to him.
 Racial discrimination.
 The method of teaching was obsolete and repressive.

 Central University of Madrid

o the school where Rizal enrolled while he was in Spain and took up Philosophy
and Letter and Medicine.
 June 21, 1884
o the date Rizal was conferred the degree of Licentiate in Medicine.
 1884-85
o the academic year Rizal passed his subjects leading to the Degree of Doctor of
Medicine but was not awarded his Doctor’s Diploma because of these reason:
 he did not present the thesis requirement, and he did not paid the corresponding
fees.
 1885
o the year Rizal was awarded the degree of Licentiate in Philosophy and Letters.

=LITERARY AND ARTISTIC TALENTS=

Rizal, while continuing his formal education has developed his skills in sculpture and
writing. Two of his works are still preserve at the Ateneo and these are:

 Our Lady
 Sacred Heart

His literary talents includes his poems and two novels as well as drama skits.

Poems inspired by historical events:

 And He is Spanish: El Cano, the first to circumnavigate the world.

 The Battle: Urbiztondo, Terror of Jolo.
 The Departure: Hymn to Magellan Fleet.

=Poems on Education=

 Through Education Our Motherland Receives Light.

 The Intimate Alliance Between Religion and Good Education.

=Poems on Religion=

 To The Child Jesus

 To The Virgin Mary

=Poems that Won First Prize at Ateneo=

 La Juventud Filipina (To the Filipino Youth)

 El Consejo de los Dioses (The Council of Gods)

=TRAINING AND ACTIVITIES ABROAD (June 1882 to August 1887)=

 He enrolled at Central University of Madrid for:

o Licentiate in Medicine and a
o Degree in Philosophy and Letters
 He also took up lessons in painting and sculpture at ACADEMIA DE BELLAS
ARTES DE SAN FERNAND0.
o He also took up French and German lessons at ATENEO DE MADRID.

1884

 the year Rizal completed the required number of courses for Licentiate in
Medicine

1885

 the year Rizal proceeded to Doctorate in Medicine but did not complete his
thesis.
 This was also the year Rizal completed his second course and received his
license in Philo and Letters, this license entitled him to University Professorship.

NB. The degree of Doctor of Medicine was only conferred to Rizal during the Centenary
of his birth.
  Rizal went to Paris for further studies in OPTHALMOLOGY.
 In Paris Rizal worked as assistant in the clinic of DR. LOUIS DE WECKERT- a
leading ophthalmologist in France.
 Rizal went to Germany due to economic reason.
 In Germany he practiced at HOSPITAL DE HEIDELBERG under DR OTTO
BECKER- Director of the Hospital of Heilderberg.

In Berlin, he worked as assistant to DR, SCHULTZE.

 REASONS FOR RIZAL’S STAY IN EUROPE

o Academic discrimination in the Philippines.
o Prepare himself for leadership.
o Work for the improvement of condition for Philippines.

 Action made to achieve #2 and 3

o visited European libraries and search for books about Philippines.
o joined societies:
 he became a member of masonic lodge called ACACIA.
 later he transferred to LODGE SOLIDARIDAD and became Master Mason in
1890.
 he was also awarded the diploma as Master Mason of LE GRAND ORIENT DE
FRANCE.
 he became a member of the Anthropological Society of Berlin through DR.
RUDOLF VIRCHOW.
 he became a member of Geographical Society of Berlin.
 he became a member of Ethnographic Society of Berlin.

=EUROPEAN INFLUENCES ON RIZAL=

 Concept of nationalism and freedom.

 Liberal ideas that made him open-minded.
 The legacies of democracy and industrialization in some European countries.