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Comprehensive Biology Overview

The document outlines the main topics covered in an introductory biology course, including: cell biology, genetics, evolution, microbiology, plant biology, and animal biology. Key concepts in cell biology include prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell structure, organelles, and cell division. Genetics and molecular biology covers DNA structure and function, transcription, translation, and gene regulation. Evolution examines the history of life through the fossil record and geological time scale, and explores evolutionary theory and classification systems. Microbiology, plant biology, and animal biology each describe the structure and function of viruses, fungi, parasites, plants, and animals.

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102 views2 pages

Comprehensive Biology Overview

The document outlines the main topics covered in an introductory biology course, including: cell biology, genetics, evolution, microbiology, plant biology, and animal biology. Key concepts in cell biology include prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell structure, organelles, and cell division. Genetics and molecular biology covers DNA structure and function, transcription, translation, and gene regulation. Evolution examines the history of life through the fossil record and geological time scale, and explores evolutionary theory and classification systems. Microbiology, plant biology, and animal biology each describe the structure and function of viruses, fungi, parasites, plants, and animals.

Uploaded by

seeratyt
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1.

Introduction to Biology:

- Branches of Biology

- Biological Molecules (Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, Nucleic Acids)

- Cell Theory and Cell Structure

2. Cell Biology:

- Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

- Cell Membrane Structure and Function

- Cell Organelles (Nucleus, Mitochondria, Endoplasmic Reticulum, Golgi Apparatus, Lysosomes,


Vacuoles, Plastids)

- Cytoplasm and Cytoskeleton

- Cell Division (Mitosis and Meiosis)

3. Genetics and Molecular Biology:

- DNA Structure, Replication, and Repair

- Central Dogma (DNA to RNA to Protein)

- Transcription and Translation

- Gene Expression Regulation (Promoters, Enhancers, Silencers, and Operators)

- Genetic Code and Mutations

4. Evolution and Classification:

- History of Life (Geological Time Scale, Fossils, and Biological Evolution)

- Evolutionary Theory (Natural Selection, Adaptation, and Speciation)

- Classification Systems (Linnaean Taxonomy and Cladistics)

- Phylogenetic Trees and Evolutionary Relationships

5. Microbiology:

- Prokaryotes (Bacteria and Archaea)

- Viruses (Structure, Replication, and Classification)

- Fungi (Structure, Reproduction, and Classification)


- Parasites (Protozoa, Helminths, and Ectoparasites)

- Microbial Ecology and Biotechnology

6. Plant Biology:

- Plant Structure and Function (Roots, Stems, Leaves, Flowers, Fruits, and Seeds)

- Plant Reproduction (Sexual and Asexual)

- Plant Life Cycles (Angiosperms, Gymnosperms, Bryophytes, Pteridophytes, and Thallophytes)

- Plant Adaptations and Classification

7. Animal Biology:

- Animal Structure and Function (Integumentary, Skeletal, Muscular, Sensory, Respiratory,


Circulatory, Lymphatic, Digestive, Urinary, and

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