Open Access

Advance Research in Textile Engineering

Review Article

The Role of Textile Materials in Sports Footwear:

A Comprehensive Review
Rupayan Roy*; Gayathri Udhayakumar; Abstract
Parinita Bhardwaj
This article explores the application of textile materials in sports
Department of Fashion Technology, National Institute of shoes, examining their types, properties, advantages, challenges,
Fashion Technology, Kannur, Kerala-670 562, India and innovations. Textile materials have revolutionized the sports
shoe industry, providing improved performance, increased com-
*Corresponding author: Rupayan Roy fort, enhanced style, and eco-friendly options. Different types of
Department of Fashion Technology, National Institute of textile materials such as natural, synthetic, and blended, are used
Fashion Technology, Kannur, Kerala-670 562, India. in different parts of sports shoes such as upper, insole, midsole,
Email: rupayan.roy@nift.ac.in, rupayan666@gmail.com and outsole. Innovative technologies such as 3D printing, knitting,
weaving, and nanotechnology offer exciting opportunities for cre-
Received: April 27, 2023 ating even more innovative and high-performance sports shoes.
Accepted: June 08, 2023 However, challenges such as wear and tear, cleaning and mainte-
nance, and pricing must be addressed by manufacturers. Overall,
Published: June 15, 2023
the use of textile materials in sports shoes has transformed the in-
dustry, and as technology and sustainability continue to advance,
we can expect even more exciting developments in the field of tex-
tile materials for sports shoes.
Keywords: Textile materials; Sports shoes; Upper; Insole; Mid-
sole; Outsole; Durability; Sustainability

Introduction
Textile materials have become an integral part of our daily Figure 1 represents the composition of different materials
lives. From the clothes we wear to the furnishings in our homes, used in shoes. Textile materials also provide an opportunity for
textile materials play a significant role. The use of textile materi- customization and style in sports shoes. The use of different
als in sports shoes has been on the rise in recent years due to colors and patterns in textile materials allows for the creation
their numerous benefits [1-3]. This article will explore the ap- of unique and stylish sports shoes. Additionally, the use of sus-
plications of textile materials in sports shoes, their importance, tainable and eco-friendly textile materials has become increas-
and their brief history. Textile materials are materials that are ingly important in the production of sports shoes [11]. Many
companies are now incorporating recycled materials and natu-
made from fibers or yarns that are woven, knitted, or crocheted
ral fibers into their sports shoe designs, which is beneficial for
together [4,5]. These fibers can be natural, such as cotton,
both the environment and consumers. The use of textile materi-
wool, or silk, or synthetic, such as polyester, nylon, or spandex.
als in sports shoes has a long history. The earliest sports shoes
Blended materials, which combine natural and synthetic fibers,
were made from natural materials such as leather and canvas.
are also commonly used in textile materials [6]. The properties
These materials provided durability and protection but were of-
of the textile material depend on the fiber used, the weave or ten heavy and inflexible [12,13]. As technology advanced, new
knit of the fabric, and any special finishes that may be added materials were developed that improved the performance and
to the material. Sports shoes are designed to provide comfort, comfort of sports shoes. In the 1960s, the use of synthetic ma-
support, and protection to the feet during physical activity. Tex- terials such as nylon and polyester became more common in
tile materials have become increasingly important in the design sports shoe production. These materials were lightweight and
and production of sports shoes due to their numerous benefits flexible, providing a better fit and greater comfort for athletes
[7,8]. Textile materials provide breathability, which helps to [14]. The development of new weaving and knitting technolo-
prevent the buildup of heat and moisture inside the shoe. This gies has also had a significant impact on the use of textile mate-
can help to prevent blisters and other foot injuries. The light- rials in sports shoes. In the 1990s, Nike introduced Flywire tech-
weight nature of textile materials also makes them ideal for use nology, which used high-strength threads to provide support
in sports shoes. The flexibility and durability of textile materi- and stability in sports shoes. The use of 3D printing technology
als ensure that the shoe can withstand the stress and strain of has also allowed for the creation of custom-fit sports shoes that
physical activity [9,10]. are tailored to the individual athlete's foot shape [16].
Advance Research in Textile Engineering Citation: Roy R, Udhayakumar G, Bhardwaj P. The Role of Textile Materials in Sports Foot-
Volume 8, Issue 1 (2023) wear: A Comprehensive Review. Adv Res Text Eng. 2023; 8(1): 1081.
www.austinpublishinggroup.com
Roy R © All rights are reserved
Roy R Austin Publishing Group

Figure 3: EVA foam sole [45].

Figure 1: The weight percentage of materials present in an aver-

age shoe’s composition [10].
In recent years, there has been a growing focus on the use
of sustainable and eco-friendly materials in sports shoe produc-
tion. Many companies are now incorporating recycled materi-
als, natural fibers, and biodegradable materials into their de-
signs. This trend towards sustainability is likely to continue as
consumers become more environmentally conscious [17]. In
conclusion, textile materials have become an important com-
ponent in the design and production of sports shoes. The objec-
tive of this chapter is to explore the application of textile mate-
rials in sports shoes. It will examine the different types of textile Figure 4: Different component of shoes [67].
materials used in sports shoes, their properties, advantages,
challenges, and innovations. By the end of the chapter, readers
will have a comprehensive understanding of the benefits and
limitations of using textile materials in sports shoes, as well as
insights into the future directions of this rapidly evolving field.
Types of Textile Materials Used in Sports Shoes
When it comes to the production of sports shoes, the selec-
tion of textile materials is crucial. Different textile materials of-
fer unique properties that can enhance the performance, com-
fort, and durability of sports shoes [18]. In this article, we will Figure 5: 3D printed shoe [70].
explore the three main categories of textile materials used in
sports shoes: natural, synthetic, and blended materials. Wool: Wool is a natural insulator that is commonly used
in sports shoes for its warmth and comfort. It is also naturally
Natural Textile Materials moisture-wicking, making it an excellent choice for sports shoes
[20].
Natural textile materials are derived from natural sources
such as plants and animals. These materials have been used for Silk: Silk is a lightweight, breathable, and moisture-wicking
centuries in the production of clothing and footwear [19]. The material that is commonly used in the lining of sports shoes. It
following are some of the natural textile materials commonly is also hypoallergenic and provides a smooth and comfortable
used in sports shoes: feel [22].
Cotton: Cotton is a soft, breathable, and lightweight material Synthetic Textile Materials
that is commonly used in sports shoes. It is hypoallergenic and
can absorb up to 27 times its own weight in water, making it an Synthetic textile materials are man-made fibers that are de-
excellent material for wicking away moisture from the foot [66]. signed to mimic the properties of natural fibers. These materi-
Figure 2 showing the cotton fibre as raw material for shoes. als are typically more durable and resistant to wear and tear
than natural fibers [23]. The following are some of the synthetic
textile materials commonly used in sports shoes:
Polyester: Polyester is a lightweight and durable material
that is commonly used in sports shoes. It is also moisture-wick-
ing and quick-drying, making it an excellent material for sports
shoes [14].
Nylon: Nylon is a strong and durable material that is com-
monly used in the upper of sports shoes. It is also moisture-
wicking and quick-drying, making it an excellent material for
sports shoes [14].
Figure 2: Cotton as raw material of shoes [21].

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Spandex: Spandex is a stretchy and flexible material that is rial, where it can evaporate. Moisture-wicking materials help
commonly used in the lining of sports shoes. It provides a com- keep the foot dry, reducing the risk of blisters, foot odor, and
fortable and snug fit and allows for ease of movement [24]. fungal infections [33]. The following are some textile materials
commonly used in sports shoes that have excellent moisture-
Blended Textile Materials wicking properties:
Blended textile materials combine natural and synthetic fi- Polyester: Polyester is a moisture-wicking material common-
bers to create materials with unique properties [25]. The fol- ly used in sports shoes. It draws moisture away from the foot
lowing are some of the blended textile materials commonly and to the surface of the material, where it can evaporate [34].
used in sports shoes:
Nylon: Nylon is a moisture-wicking material commonly used
Cotton-Polyester Blends: Cotton-polyester blends are a pop- in the upper of sports shoes. It draws moisture away from the
ular choice for sports shoes. These blends provide the comfort foot and to the surface of the material, where it can evaporate
and breathability of cotton with the durability and moisture- [15].
wicking properties of polyester [26].
Wool: Wool is a moisture-wicking material that can absorb
Wool-Synthetic Blends: Wool-synthetic blends provide the up to 30% of its weight in moisture, keeping the foot dry and
warmth and comfort of wool with the durability and moisture- reducing the risk of blisters [35].
wicking properties of synthetic materials. These blends are
commonly used in sports shoes for cold weather activities [27]. Durability
Cotton-Spandex Blends: Cotton-spandex blends provide the Durability is the ability of a textile material to with stand
breathability and comfort of cotton with the stretchiness and wear and tear, maintaining its performance and appearance
flexibility of spandex. These blends are commonly used in the over time. Sports shoes made with durable materials can with-
lining of sports shoes for a comfortable and snug fit [28]. stand the rigors of training and competition, providing long-last-
ing performance [36]. The following are some textile materials
The selection of textile materials is a critical factor in the commonly used in sports shoes that have excellent durability:
design and production of sports shoes. Natural, synthetic, and
blended textile materials all offer unique properties that can en- Synthetic materials: Synthetic materials such as polyester
hance the performance, comfort, and durability of sports shoes and nylon are commonly used in sports shoes for their durabil-
[29]. The choice of textile materials will depend on the specific ity. They are resistant to wear and tear and can maintain their
needs of the athlete and the type of activity they will be par- appearance over time [37].
ticipating in. By understanding the properties of different textile
materials, sports shoe manufacturers can create products that Leather: Leather is a durable material commonly used in the
meet the needs of athletes of all levels. upper of sports shoes. It is resistant to wear and tear and can
maintain its appearance over time [38].
Properties of Textile Materials in Sports Shoes
Table 1: Advantages of textile material in terms of functional proper-
The properties of textile materials used in sports shoes are ties.
crucial in determining their performance, comfort, and durabil- Advantage Description
ity. Textile materials used in sports shoes should be breathable, - Better Traction: Rubber and polyurethane materi-
moisture-wicking, durable, flexible, and lightweight to provide als provide better traction on different surfaces.
the best possible experience to the athlete [26]. In this article, - Enhanced Support: Nylon, polyester, and mesh
we will explore these properties in more detail. materials offer additional support, reducing foot
Improved Performance
injuries and fatigue.
Breathability
- Flexibility: Mesh and knit fabrics enhance foot
Breathability is the ability of a textile material to allow air movement for increased flexibility during athletic
to circulate through it, providing ventilation to the foot. Sports activities.
shoes with breathable materials can help prevent the accu- - Cushioning: EVA foam materials absorb shock,
mulation of heat and moisture, which can lead to discomfort, reducing stress on the feet and joints.
blisters, and foot odor [30]. The following are some textile - Breathability: Mesh and cotton materials provide
materials commonly used in sports shoes that have excellent Increased Comfort airflow, regulating foot temperature and preventing
breathability: sweating.
- Flexibility: Flexible and stretchy materials reduce
Mesh: Mesh is a breathable material commonly used in the the risk of cramps and discomfort during sports.
upper of sports shoes. It allows air to circulate through it, pro- - Customization: Textile materials allow unique shoe
viding ventilation to the foot [31]. designs that stand out.
- Fashionable: Trendy and fashionable textile mate-
Cotton: Cotton is a breathable material commonly used in Enhanced Style rials appeal to fashion-conscious individuals.
the lining of sports shoes. It allows air to circulate through it, - Cost-effective: Textile materials can be more cost-
providing ventilation to the foot [32]. effective, making high-quality sports shoes more
accessible.
Wool: Wool is a breathable material that can provide warmth
- Sustainability: Natural textile materials like cotton
in cold weather while still allowing air to circulate through it [9].
and wool are renewable and biodegradable.
Moisture-Wicking Environmentally - Recycling: Textile materials can be recycled and
Friendly repurposed, reducing waste.
Moisture-wicking is the ability of a textile material to draw - Reduced Pollution: The manufacturing process of
moisture away from the skin and to the surface of the mate- textile materials produces less pollution.

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Rubber: Rubber is a durable material commonly used in the Improved Performance

sole of sports shoes. It is resistant to wear and tear and provides
The use of textile materials in sports shoes offers several
excellent traction on various surfaces [39].
advantages that can significantly improve performance. For ex-
Flexibility ample:

Flexibility is the ability of a textile material to bend and move Better Traction: Textile materials such as rubber and poly-
with the foot, providing comfort and ease of movement. Sports urethane can provide better traction on different surfaces,
shoes made with flexible materials can help reduce the risk of improving grip and stability of the shoe. This is especially im-
injuries and improve overall performance [40]. The following portant for sports that require quick movements or changes of
are some textile materials commonly used in sports shoes that direction, such as basketball, soccer, and tennis [49].
have excellent flexibility: Enhanced Support: Textile materials like nylon, polyester,
Synthetic materials: Synthetic materials such as spandex and mesh can provide additional support, which can help to
prevent foot injuries during high-intensity activities like running
and polyester are commonly used in the lining of sports shoes
or jumping. This added support can also help to reduce fatigue
for their flexibility. They can bend and move with the foot, pro-
and increase endurance [50].
viding comfort and ease of movement [41].
Flexibility: Textile materials like mesh and knit fabrics can
Leather: Leather is a flexible material commonly used in the enhance foot movement, making it easier to perform different
upper of sports shoes. It can bend and move with the foot, pro- athletic maneuvers. This is especially important for sports like
viding comfort and ease of movement [42]. gymnastics or dance, where flexibility is essential [42].
Mesh: Mesh is a flexible material commonly used in the up- Increased Comfort
per of sports shoes. It can bend and move with the foot, provid-
ing comfort and ease of movement [43]. Textile materials used in sports shoes can significantly im-
prove comfort levels for athletes. Here are some ways textile
Lightweight materials can enhance comfort:
Lightweight is the property of a textile material to be light- Cushioning: Textile materials like EVA foam can provide
weight in weight, which reduces the overall weight of the sports cushioning that helps to absorb shock when the foot strikes the
shoe. Lightweight sports shoes can improve performance by ground, reducing stress on the feet and joints. This can be espe-
reducing fatigue and increasing agility [44]. The following are cially helpful for athletes who participate in high-impact sports
some textile materials commonly used in sports shoes that have like running or jumping [51].
excellent lightweight properties:
Breathability: Textile materials like mesh and cotton pro-
Synthetic materials: Synthetic materials such as polyester vide breathability that helps to regulate foot temperature and
and nylon are lightweight materials commonly used in sports prevent sweating. This can reduce the risk of blisters and odor,
shoes. They are lightweight and durable, making them ideal for making it more comfortable for athletes to wear their shoes for
use in sports shoes [46]. extended periods [52].

EVA foam: Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate (EVA) foam is a lightweight Flexibility: Textile materials that are flexible and stretchy can
material commonly used in the sole of sports shoes. It provides help to reduce the risk of cramps and other discomforts that
cushioning and support while remaining lightweight [47]. The can occur during athletic activities [53].
Figure 3 represents the EVA Foam sole. Enhanced Style
Mesh: Mesh is a lightweight material commonly used in Textile materials can also enhance the style of sports shoes.
the upper of sports shoes. It provides ventilation and flexibility Textile materials offer a wide range of colors and textures,
while remaining lightweight [48]. which allows manufacturers to create unique and eye-catching
designs that appeal to consumers.
The properties of textile materials used in sports shoes play a
crucial role in determining the comfort, performance, and dura- Customization: Textile materials provide a blank canvas for
bility of the sports shoe. Textile materials with excellent breath- designers to create unique shoe designs that stand out from the
ability, moisture-wicking, durability, flexibility, and lightweight crowd. This can be especially important for sports shoes worn
properties are preferred for use in sports shoes. The choice of by professional athletes, who often want to make a statement
textile material depends on the type of sport, the level of activ- with their footwear [54].
ity, and the desired level of comfort and performance. Fashionable: Textile materials are often seen as trendy and
Advantages of Using Textile Materials in Sports Shoes fashionable, making them appealing to fashion-conscious indi-
viduals who want to look good both on and off the field [55].
The use of textile materials in sports shoes offers numerous
advantages. These materials provide breathability, moisture- Cost-effective: Textile materials can be more cost-effective
than other materials like leather or rubber, allowing manufac-
wicking, flexibility, durability, and lightweight properties that
turers to produce sports shoes at a lower cost without sacri-
are essential for athletes. Textile materials also enhance the
ficing quality. This makes it more accessible for consumers to
overall comfort and style of sports shoes.
purchase high-quality sports shoes [56].
Table 1 provides an overview of the advantages of using tex- Environmentally Friendly
tile materials in sports shoes, highlighting the benefits in terms
of performance, comfort, style, and environmental friendliness. Textile materials used in sports shoes can be more environ-
The following are some advantages of using textile materials in mentally friendly than other materials. Here are some reasons
sports shoes are explained in details: why:

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Sustainability: Natural textile materials like cotton and wool Moisture-wicking: Textile materials like microfiber or other
are renewable and biodegradable, making them more sustain- synthetic materials provide moisture-wicking properties, ensur-
able than synthetic materials like plastic or rubber. This can help ing that the foot stays dry and comfortable during sports activi-
reduce the carbon footprint of sports shoes [57]. ties [62].
Recycling: Textile materials can be recycled and repurposed, Breathability: Textile materials like mesh or other breath-
reducing waste and environmental impact. This can help to re- able materials provide breathability to the foot, allowing air to
duce the amount of waste produced by sports shoe manufac- flow freely in and out of the shoe and reducing the risk of odor
turing [58]. or other foot-related issues [63].
Reduced Pollution: The manufacturing process of textile ma- Midsole
terials produces less pollution than other materials like leather
or synthetic materials. This can help to reduce the overall envi- The midsole of a sports shoe is the part that rests between
ronmental impact of sports shoe production [59]. the insole and outsole and provides cushioning and support.
Textile materials are commonly used in the midsole of sports
The use of textile materials in sports shoes offers several ad- shoes for a variety of reasons:
vantages, including improved performance, increased comfort,
enhanced style, and environmental friendliness. Manufacturers Cushioning: Textile materials like EVA foam or other cushion-
of sports shoes should consider the benefits of textile materials ing materials provide cushioning to the foot, helping to absorb
when designing their products to provide maximum comfort, shock during sports activities and reducing the risk of injury or
style, and performance to their customers while reducing their fatigue [64].
environmental footprint. Durability: Textile materials like rubber or other synthetic
Textile Material Applications in Different Parts of Sports materials provide durability, ensuring that the shoe can with-
Shoes stand the wear and tear of sports activities and last longer [65].

When it comes to sports shoes, there are several essential Lightweight: Textile materials like foam or other lightweight
components to consider. These include the upper, which covers materials provide a lightweight feel to the shoe, making it easier
the top of the foot, the insole, which provides cushioning and for athletes to move quickly and comfortably during sports ac-
support for the sole of the foot, the midsole, which serves as tivities [66].
a shock absorber, and the outsole, which is the bottom layer Outsole
that comes in direct contact with the ground and provides trac-
tion. Each of these parts plays a critical role in ensuring optimal The outsole of a sports shoe is the part that comes into di-
performance and comfort during physical activity. The different rect contact with the ground and provides traction and support.
components of shoes are shown in Figure 4. Textile materials are commonly used in the outsole of sports
shoes for a variety of reasons:
Upper
Traction: Textile materials like rubber or other synthetic ma-
The upper of a sports shoe is the part that covers the top of terials provide traction, ensuring that the athlete has a firm grip
the foot and includes the toe box, vamp, and tongue. Textile on the ground and can move quickly and confidently during
materials are commonly used in the upper of sports shoes for a sports activities [68].
variety of reasons:
Durability: Textile materials like rubber or other synthetic
Breathability: Textile materials like mesh or knit fabric pro- materials provide durability, ensuring that the shoe can with-
vide breathability, allowing air to flow freely in and out of the stand the wear and tear of sports activities and last longer [69].
shoe, which helps to regulate foot temperature and prevent
sweating [52]. Lightweight: Textile materials like foam or other lightweight
materials provide a lightweight feel to the shoe, making it easier
Flexibility: Textile materials like knit fabrics or synthetic ma- for athletes to move quickly and comfortably during sports ac-
terials provide flexibility, allowing for better foot movement and tivities [20].
range of motion during athletic activities [51].
The textile materials are commonly used in different parts
Durability: Textile materials like synthetic materials or leath- of sports shoes, including the upper, insole, midsole, and out-
er are durable, helping to protect the foot from injuries or other sole, for a variety of reasons such as breathability, flexibility,
impacts during sports activities [60]. durability, comfort, traction, and lightweight. The use of textile
materials can significantly improve the performance, comfort,
Comfort: Textile materials like cotton or synthetic materials and durability of sports shoes, making them more suitable for
provide comfort, ensuring that the foot feels comfortable and various sports activities. Sports shoe manufacturers should con-
cushioned during sports activities [20]. sider the advantages of textile materials when designing and
Insole producing their products, to provide maximum comfort, style,
and performance to their customers.
The insole of a sports shoe is the part that rests directly be-
neath the foot and provides cushioning and support. Textile Innovation in Textile Material Technology for Sports Shoes
materials are commonly used in the insole of sports shoes for a Innovation in textile material technology has revolutionized
variety of reasons: the manufacturing process of sports shoes. The advancement
Cushioning: Textile materials like EVA foam or other cushion- in textile technology has not only improved the performance
ing materials provide cushioning to the foot, helping to absorb of sports shoes but also enhanced their durability, comfort, and
shock during sports activities and reducing the risk of injury or style [18]. In this article, we will explore some of the latest in-
fatigue [61]. novations in textile material technology for sports shoes.

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3D Printing sports shoes is the wear and tear that they undergo during use.
Sports shoes are subject to a lot of wear and tear due to the
3D printing is a technique that involves the creation of three- high-impact activities that they are designed for, such as run-
dimensional objects using digital design files as shown in Fig- ning and jumping [77]. The constant rubbing and bending of the
ure 4. In the context of sports shoes, 3D printing technology materials can cause them to wear out and lose their structural
is used to create intricate and complex designs that are other- integrity over time. Manufacturers need to use high-quality and
wise impossible to manufacture with traditional manufacturing durable textile materials that can withstand the rigors of sports
methods [71]. The use of 3D printing technology has allowed activities.
manufacturers to create lightweight and durable sports shoes
that provide excellent performance and comfort. Cleaning and Maintenance
Knitting Another challenge of using textile materials in sports shoes
is the cleaning and maintenance required to keep them looking
Knitting is another innovation in textile material technol- and performing their best. Sports shoes are exposed to a lot of
ogy that has transformed the manufacturing process of sports dirt, sweat, and other external elements, which can cause the
shoes. Knitting machines are used to create a seamless upper materials to become dirty and discolored over time [78]. Some
for sports shoes, which not only enhances their style but also textile materials may also require special cleaning and mainte-
improves their performance. The use of knitting technology nance techniques to prevent damage or shrinkage. Manufactur-
allows manufacturers to create a customized fit for each indi- ers need to provide consumers with clear instructions on how
vidual wearer, which results in a more comfortable and better- to clean and maintain their sports shoes to ensure their longev-
performing sports shoe [72]. ity and performance.
Weaving Price
Weaving is a traditional manufacturing method that has The price of sports shoes is another challenge associated
been used for centuries. However, with the advancement in with using textile materials. Textile materials can be expensive,
textile technology, weaving has been transformed into a highly especially if they are of high quality and durability. The cost of
sophisticated and advanced manufacturing process. Weaving manufacturing and sourcing these materials can drive up the
technology is used to create a lightweight and breathable upper price of sports shoes, which can make them less accessible to
for sports shoes that provides excellent ventilation and comfort consumers with lower budgets [79,80]. Manufacturers need to
to the wearer [73]. Weaving also allows for intricate and com- find a balance between the quality of the materials used and
plex designs, which enhances the style and aesthetics of sports the price of the final product to make sports shoes affordable
shoes. and accessible to a wider range of consumers.
Nanotechnology While textile materials have many advantages in the manu-
Nanotechnology is a cutting-edge technology that involves facturing of sports shoes, there are also some challenges that
the manipulation of materials at the nanoscale level. In the con- need to be addressed. The wear and tear of the materials,
text of sports shoes, nanotechnology is used to create textiles cleaning and maintenance requirements, and the price of the
that are highly resistant to water, stains, and other external el- final product are all important factors that manufacturers need
ements [74]. The use of nanotechnology in sports shoes also to consider when using textile materials in sports shoes [29,81].
results in improved breathability and moisture-wicking prop- By using high-quality and durable textile materials, providing
erties, which enhance the comfort and performance of sports clear cleaning and maintenance instructions, and finding a bal-
shoes. ance between quality and price, manufacturers can address
these challenges and provide consumers with sports shoes that
The innovations in textile material technology have revolu- meet their needs and expectations.
tionized the manufacturing process of sports shoes. The use of
3D printing, knitting, weaving, and nanotechnology has resulted Conclusion
in sports shoes that are lightweight, durable, comfortable, and In conclusion, the use of textile materials in sports shoes has
stylish [75]. These advancements in textile technology have also revolutionized the industry, providing a range of benefits such
contributed to the reduction of waste and environmental im- as improved performance, increased comfort, enhanced style,
pact, making sports shoes more sustainable and environmen- and environmentally friendly options. Throughout this chap-
tally friendly. As the technology continues to evolve, we can ex- ter, we explored the different types of textile materials used in
pect to see even more innovative and advanced textile material sports shoes, their properties and advantages, applications in
applications in sports shoes. different parts of the shoe, and innovative technologies being
Challenges of Using Textile Materials in Sports Shoes developed. It is also discussed the challenges associated with
using textile materials in sports shoes, such as wear and tear,
Textile materials have become increasingly popular in the cleaning and maintenance requirements, and pricing. Manufac-
manufacturing of sports shoes due to their lightweight, durable, turers need to address these challenges by using high-quality
and breathable properties. However, there are some challenges and durable textile materials, providing clear cleaning and main-
associated with using textile materials in sports shoes that man- tenance instructions, and finding a balance between quality
ufacturers need to address in order to provide the best product and price. Looking towards the future, there are many exciting
to consumers [76]. In this article, we will explore some of the directions for textile materials in sports shoes. Advancements
challenges of using textile materials in sports shoes. in 3D printing, knitting, weaving, and nanotechnology offer ex-
Wear and Tear citing opportunities for creating even more innovative and high-
performance sports shoes. Additionally, there is a growing focus
One of the main challenges of using textile materials in on sustainability, which means that manufacturers will need to

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 Austin Publishing Group

continue to develop environmentally friendly options for sports 18. Uttam D. Active sportswear fabrics. International Journal of IT,
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