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DC Machines

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260 views120 pages

DC Machines

Uploaded by

mrsirjan802
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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DC Machines @ DC. mackines co japialiacsiowee ae DC moter pe generede © Elecbrical power converte] Mechasical power Commend into mechadical power bo clectical power ee No Hagtand cys reat [ be voltage be cust] — > Takes plate in bsesenge of | rake Place io pac in rragnetie. fred presenge olf magne eda, pctctik—tenbadter A one tem Coil, nos 2 conductors. Flux distdiloviten cone Wem d. Coil] Vemma ; anew cil > 2 oady eb 6 sare la Scanned with CamScanner oil Span: TY -Hhe alistane Wo 2 cot) gid oF a coil ie 4 WO" Tan Re Coll Ts Callad AA a. {UML [pitched coi. ‘ ‘ 1 Shore ‘piich angle ed Ty We distana between thos coil gy Of a coil is les Van 180° Cela) then tke cal (4 cued a& qhort~ pitered coih Ty it 16 gPhort by S(t). & is caked heck pitch angle. y Poles 3 ‘ 6 Flux Kobage, $OD4=7, 7 Corey O— > Since ~EHog Conductor - © 6 8 ‘¢—l e @= ok 4 & = bmi wt) —> © “een d 6) = Nd di wlwt) = —Ndmmsinwt Ob clit € = —Emsin wt] Here [Ewe NGO] t Ac Ssuraing Hox digtsibstion A Spau te be purely sino. Sido in Space: “DC Nowa fs average val we art jew vobat- Ta ttees Hol in max Scanned with CamScanner ® yor AL Ew so Condsrend yalue fend noha phone me dlapends on no A coils: Bi igetess) * There are Dtyps + winding ta a DE machine wil w india no- ree path, a=P aR a. wee eet a. dave" 2 Minion no th paralel cFeaukt coil give ws Fhe maxi- raurn fn ducd voltage’ j Eat en _» CE { . > parva pes cy = t i » 28s = — 2 (Nd) a Eas ©: 2 Whee) 2 a abn244 5 oe where ps no- of pole N= Spd in rev. pecsec Cok coil having N tro e' cal = 2N Conductor Pa bm) > C coils 2CW Conchicn Zaz total nv ~ tw duch 9 Scanned with CamScanner 2cNn ® Conetevelion of DC Machine ad 1 F, Fo + Arsmohe 1s a pact of wtor Which holds rnstal Cond. hors And ?e 1S made uP of gilicon g eM. + Aernature Cenduchs made up of copper: + Two type of Coil in \- Promohive Coil 2+ fad @il or 02 tading - —> Feld win ding se There ave 2 fiebt emjnat and Arnature -erminalA- 2° > Commitabor is tnade uI hava deatsn copper: P ff ier ws => Brush 5 made ve of Carbon ve Geaphilt: Scanned with CamScanner . @ Nokes :- T+ atts ag -a qupport er north and gourk poles And it alse holds rnaqrutic. circuit: Tr ts rade up of rnagnetfc maleial i.¢ icon. “2 Te tS nod larndheele laminated -. it is made up of Gt gtd: + Poles awe alo made up caat gel but GomeHened “hay are made up 4) cot gal Janda ati ons. + Risexi- & x4endal portion ef fea duction [tHe bit more hight hand Conduchoe. + Cornmutetos art geperated by rica _qhels for psubtion: . WStaokings on the poles axe ‘Brown. as field windings: * " ” awmadert ast Conductors called a& arma- sure windiggs - » How weckffeation ows fF e+ (pores) full wave <0 fied vol tage: Brush — Commutaior arscangement we a] Vero Arie 6-9 -ivt yt Lowe oie € yack ‘Bee | te ae Scanned with CamScanner 9 * Brush polavty will not change ab ty axe Connected with the deminal : wet tied waytfrn- + But weet Coil He voltage will be Sinosuidal jee Vijane wort bie fs tive in Eye Viblesk 8 bee). Se isle fa ea vent sectors) UNS teil ye Vag - The coil gde on Nodhpole side Ts +live. ” ” ” ” South » Te ive. +[TA ade as @ Inieclacd bie woo tating referee Avance and Batic wefprene fxont- sone Complelt xing Lenricked with black slip airy. sont Cernpler “ oth brews be g lip Yay: iad ~ There 7S Wie, oaks bis. bout and. black $lIP sing: Scanned with CamScanner ba us Q@ ] At +e Aus pid Oy for The wah. ae B > +ive “Bb clepencts puy bo bts blu | A. * "oom black We oet bwsh Pola rity varesing Jn mabe * NOTE — |. Low Conversion HH Ae tobe we use gpl wings geperatid by MICA ghests- Spit wings: These ave mack ef Conducting cylinder cab in 2 bales ingulatd colth €ach oor With Hin Shots: + Chonge oh Seg rots A apd » takes plau etn plan 0} wolatiy Coll is, 1 place of tragme flox- § ae Angular $lot ¥ - gy Pith Cin electrical | ea— Eq a’ oligres) e Em |—— ae | & lagging bevnd aa’ ay aagie along bb’ will be Voltage " elechical oleg ves - (wy Le Ongar Slot piter ive os VF WIM obpend on He ta angle b te aglots —> The net voltage > lee pple : Scanned with CamScanner will be gupsapesition pg alt the -vo bhagess | ® * Vale ace getting wipple free cle: E 3S a AW Sino suical are Contidertd ay at Fav Pharows « + Tn dt mackint we Can just adlel coil voltages - + Dipjercne pita electrical and Mechanical angle ae B flog oie tb ution prar Ae machin For Dpole elect = mehanital 8 : 4poke 0" = 2K mochanical 8 2 Pp, mechanical 8 [> poe elec er 2. ra echo cal °| [rs Scanned with CamScanner to @ 2 le Use bmveh- Commotator anrangement to get ta vedifved Nok: De voltage cannot be Tnduad only, Al Can be Induad- 2 output - © yO: Te make pow DE Ahmyn re cot andl input ala being 5 pe? d+ Slip vings Can be vged , Sind we are qupphying de ard y not extracting it: > y Vag 2 AC ovipul y omabort (F He) ) + using Skip neg We Can gene wale a ix pole Tn the electromagnet Noke:- Bwush —Commotator is wequivedt por wotakiny drmalurs Const chion- %e wequict der prake armaloet Canvtwdtion SNP xing Available fa market os PMBL|ALBL peendrenk ragtat BC and Bewrbn DC: + How +o get Apple pre’ Ac? —y We Can get it by making the oainding dis-+abold along Grernatore Peri phery Prdvorkage- + Wde cam ger He phase ang (8) fe lay ie anjuar got pitch ( 3Pau an gle) bro 2 Plots. Ancl cohile Aracoing voltag1 W be Comes first cage 1€ Moe, Scanned with CamScanner @ + Tn electsiot angie. if Y pole i6 prottnt Man obervical ane 19 FP eleckical aagie (Boo = Pe DA abnactil pyle Eloy =P ev Tz au Pee a te Lx aa ne 9h wean ber wdtenale «cee Why Arinadure lawfnallid cotth gilieon glee and not Cart gtal? Tt will vedva ta loss due te hy pterais a4 —ware is Continonus rmagnetisatin and clemagneticaton - TY made OY Cort iron i+ will Incvense hysterer’s logger and hence eddy currak lopgss- otim The aemahire ofa dc machha exptricres esti tux weuerSah+ " Scanned with CamScanner _ F veg ueney of magnets reversal + ® + Both hysteeris cond Wyslereis 1986/4 Jonelion of 4° Jooo [Load s— TY 16 Sometiing cohich congume. elechstal pour LC Pn) > Hive wie _. 2: Suith Ding Jap hae ‘ DBZ He ! | * —> lamp L : Ag I Netral wit goo woo qa0 a The esa ave Connecti in parcablel go shat Yol tage acress €oth be Fort’ s0wW— Tre SO 2.072) 230 COS 4 Tre Of 214+ GO 4 OF21¥ytoore! 4 220 = O-4FR A "THE Coveent io Jetting ingrearesl as tte Power Ts Tocreased Ord load is tne reared « Load ——> power Conrumid ——> Cuero For Comtint voltage app)ication Jood fs notte ae cove ed: Scanned with CamScanner @ & The Vo Hage thea yee sad no& load and Ihe voltecg COREE Wore was ook load Condtt¥o,. Thear -poo voltage. Axe mot Jame. Hw For oer load ere will be Noltage, Op fa Tht mach. ian t¥self- am just like ballesy and jemntaal voltage wilt be AR {rent 5 Tips 0 —4 No- load Condli Hon Vue Ga if Ips = Sometimes here Ts a voldaje alrop across 4M bck boz i+ fa Seni Condacr mre terial and is fipadl to ov. ete Vic Ear Lavat2¥ |: Motor Excitation -— Series excftatfon shot VE vy + Ta De mackin we use CheAernaqasie Aielel 20 we have to excite Me coil which is fielol coit of field coinding oy Moving Pome Cowvedk ja ite Set Scanned with CamScanner € ‘Sel cxcitalion :— 2 types |e Gexies Excitation +— Tn his type of excitlfon ve Conntck ont Aerminal off Side Coll 1S Connscttol fo ont encl of Tr aematux cofl but ie o-tuer enol ahold not be Connscled Hey may ety be Connick te a gourte Or load: [oO 0 co 2+ Shon excitation :- Both the end ghootl be Connected or Forked in cart of motor T+ Will be govre ancl ia cane cane of Gentrator it coil! be geet * load: Land 2 are Catltcl +Raminals As Ax > he eeinats prevent = Kk x 3° Compoond excitation :— r a De having bo-lk Shoat Gad gevied exeditation ancl hey may be conncltel to get A Compound excitakon - es Short Shunk Tong phon Fig > Fig) {* In a Compound machine there ave C tewni nabs } Scanned with CamScanner aaa aka! AA Ay Ay S 8> Ae 0.0 6© © e.98 5S, ,S, ave derminals for peries ‘fretel coi). «DC. ghonk Cearmtor 2 Ty= T+], Weve EL >y Ty Gs Wecam We Want load +o, Conus more, power by ay load or Arcane tern yo “fa load Awad te Current 4 Load curs seat "E Nesy lew Tt hood hae high eebtetane by Altcraasin cea and tnckéasteg We leagth: . [Rivne est are ANin, longer to Yengdh 2. moet no af dues] ald cot coil be Hick “and more” current * . [Aenakv ve [oo Anrouye It - (mote ©) + To Resp He fad veristane [oed- + AS Coreat through Field eoill be larger ce phicknans °f Ped coil ail have to be rade. dnd |e mo “of tums. + Zev Compoond ranchint bot nt field coils are coind on stig fami con (fe sewer fietel coil ancl -Lempe ghont 4iel my phont pict coi) gees. eld coil Scanned with CamScanner ® eld cof] haw Wlamy Senge TEPER eo ge a SAR Soon araeh bs Can also be Wr ad Bnak | ereftfped neachinss * —s But 14 Is nevtr ufed as a Jed exe? tel de t | " mecktat | y tWe dont ude gerfes Held cbt] To a Compound mockiat: Ghorr Shunt Connection Ghort Shunt tone A Ar S$» Fo + In fy! if 6, and $2 are reversed z A eel Se Sai ae [gt |. ate en ch Dart t pr” aha Hox produced 7 "9 Com bie = Poy mn fotal fle = vb, [ fl tive Pont Ose Cannot if Fy 6. bon T wo (Fa> deel pighecabial Compand Scanned with CamScanner WEEE eee TF we change 6, ands, of Fronds we oth the Game chonye fe is AiferKal vr cil be compound] onal if ound i baal toenblal as Ta cose gome eleds- cat Joad an \. ° earrcator ht load is TE is wacaduwibble - Cvi) 2. Ta Cove eh more Int load fs forme mechanical A ond the mtaay enodt” 1S cL fficulk: ( mecauriag dorque) Joa pMearseing elechical load fs, easter as Compared mechanical \oad- + Ts ik possible, 40 wa, RC eres ja gerich connected mods 2,% in load CsnditHon- « Ty Teh «6 ae fied covvent: depends on Clorure of Circuit and gn Oxmatyx te voltae ‘s Tie 2. pb is open circuited, periddMa armature. Joe will be Her, qo yreridual in ductal Voltage Aepvnd avinabt > « ae oi) + Ax 90 load Conctitfon DE gertrator coil not Bun as he Meld cof) wf!) nor get epoi Hel: Flux Swinging :— * Doe to flux Swinging th pole phoe must be laminated as Hur dewtty varies. AS vediely corvent coil be géntraktal oreound pole phoe + Anol nis Ts clu to glotid gtructow at Qematit cot + Often, sieFicee “ere, as alt Scanned with CamScanner ® Ecitation:— Series yxcttatfon ; grou exitatfon ah Be mmachiat we vu fe elackorag fad ae ce hal qo excifa He il with Ps field col. oF Atekh alo- atdy + Demature \lindings + > Conductor :— It 8 basicaly a active length of a wire and ie Rept in a Slot: 3 Tern — Tt Consists eh 2 Conductos | Roown c& tues v Letom - A coil mada of ont tum onl ‘9 A Wi A Win > 2 Lenduttoss - A wil—N wm— 2 1 7 [9 Coil e= Coll may Comte of a Stogle form or may! consist | ok many tums s or melHivm woils- "Gail sides A coil Comfete ofp Deotl Sides conich oe plaud in dt fered Flore | i Cai) Sa P= & DBE MIC Lpoles = Bb no- th Flot [ ber a apn) pitas col Coll spans At]ys Fploks- Scanned with CamScanner + Full pitch cofl axe prepared por BE Mic not ® hort piteh- + For ghovt pitch: coil gpa. 24 BF der AC madkis Donor by Igor Full pitch = 130° elect sical * For a full piteh coll one glot = VRotfq = 20° short pitching aagle, @- 20° Shor} pitch 1S abs Called as chorded Cofl- + Tt no-of tums weductl or ghort pitehtel cof) fiux Vin Weage Wil we weekmesel - * Toso Aypes of 09 tnoting .- Ik Slagle layer + One one coil gice ghovld poss +h wygh Vite ey eS a fame cot SHU 2- Double layeo:- Tewo coil giok ghovll bars theoyjh 1+ pepe raid by an (adulation + BE IL ke ater} 2 call sy eer J+ For Single Layer we Con use Hrriclor sed or Clered crinding. + For clouble layer tafeding ge-eealiy OFen Flots are uged- Scanned with CamScanner a ® “Dc maching Amature |) They are basrice double. lanye wed windings open plot and un piteh cork , gearealy Afarnond praped cot ls. sone cot) gide para thvoyyh bop layer ancl ano Har coi) pict pans through HA Onetitembenper: glor i “LT eet Ee Six coil gides per let | He AML the ode cof) gfcled eof! be at he top ancl tM even Coll gidss ave numbered at the to Hor: Lop. windings 2+ Wave coinatings [ I Back pitchi- T+ fe alefinest ax clfstance bho rep dod beter i it (de) Coil- giclea of a coils >. Front pitch == The olfstantt bro 2 cof! idles connectel to + &) Same Carmmotator q<4 ment ee ; = Windig piteh:- The olistana bio ast GLE Vee Gillott i Y) coil + . i \{ 4 Commotetor pitch im The df sHten Commoistor bitch ? bho | es ina ee 2 Commo tutor $eojmonte | oF a coll Js Connected. Scanned with CamScanner vue ne + PAV a pitches ce rncesurtd jn coil gides exept Ye + Cott gicle t coil) return Aron he lower Coil be- 12. Bockpiteh (_ woill alisayd be ansodd ambi) L loow 46 My et2-3-4 alejng 2 Similar Gi! Sides efker op ov boitem: Scanned with CamScanner | vw “pit backpi i 5 jap erindin ing pith= backpiensgemt bite] jor ap oinding 5 @ @ | athe mune BA Te meando Yeon AP mt) { [tor gaya: i 4 ‘ coils io a Pp- pole u\c_ | + coil a pan ts mecwrel , neh pe ner op tei) aides. fn n0-oh Glolt Wee Be K ancl ard ang te - I should be odd | Per Jap winding i r i °F (Com a pyre si. “ne Rebogronin. winding Progress packsards * | Redwoysreses caring —y YE=2 2 Yeont Coil- D —yYe diame eo leasay Scanned with CamScanner [Y= %-% = N13 2-9] Prob \:- Make a winding (armature) jor \ap tonneckd Be Machine having 4 pole, 12 ploKS | 12 Commutator peqments - No- oF cols 2 12-7 + Coil depends on how mary lots ave text Sine Th is QA deuble layered voted oy Buy coil gider coil) be Those sterfow 12 coilS cot be -Hart- No’ oy cdl gides fsx 24 Slots per pole s I2]y= au ws Bee Ke 6EK= SF ( progsersive winding) [Y= 2} Winding Table (with cot gids amber) a {S85 3h, 16 a SS py Ss ay a po 20 ee — 13 eI en 1 ey Te Ss 9020 FH 19 5 2 ~ 3 2 L Biw 2 colls there fs a alifivau{2 —» @_-¢ ——~ 23 Bre 2 GIS $1 gf ces colt it's Scanned with CamScanner (6) Deawiy 4 € ia adil ove “se > Cuvredt olivection:- Ti v6 cleewatned by clirection of tin. a 4 pole —4 fer jap 4 bovshes must be Placed in proper Comme tebe gegracat: * Correak ie clukemined by olirection of votaHon and-type of oyeralion wher mo jor Ow Qeatralor- Le Motor : i> Use lett hand vule i undiy north pole TOW z ae Tal 2 souk pole 2 pole coh + Under nyeth pale A win bt inoluced waitn La bb clay covrtat Unde Jovi pole 2 will have f ted cwes Caervtnl's TO hart a@ Constant wo tation a4 O motoy in “clockwise oli wectin- Scanned with CamScanner ~- ee eye ewer @ + Motes coanry in clockcatie dtrection + AS @ motos in clockwise direction and ab O gentsatow in Anticlockwoi'se leecktion » a Cosseat? APrection will be Goma: + Namichi ts a Bind of ingulaten - + Siots ee 23-6 uy -Glow itis a lop windi ding Prtes “uy pacuul pote Onl Hare ar Ubwshd do collect th Uienel in lap cotnding o> of pascal path = oo bevst). TLD in cote of ra ae LL L Coreer fhowe fon path = 0 -of J + =. = —= tise Hh eth Scanned with CamScanner (ia + Tp we provide fome yo Wage. wi gome ¢x ternal Voltage, 240 ctho ve will be W be gearvatsd GS Con be Calls ah backen}- a Eq-Tarta (in one of Me es | emote Veber Tat, Vis Ear Tasa Cin Case ofp motor) yp These ave Enown o Simplex lap winding Yeee1, Yor 2 3 Dupkx winding : Ye rte motor \Wlave Winding 2 — ' 1 * For Wave catndiing A tn. parvallet paths ave chiStzibuled. Scanned with CamScanner bevuwvvvuVvwVuweryvee~ iemplex wave win ching a : ) \ er auplex Cro Pwb: Broo 4ne winding diagram fn racial tow fora 4 pole 13 glo sieplex core cainding - pre De gewrior Having 13 Coramutur $e rets - North coil siden pew or fs 2- Ars Novof Gil is 13 2 1 xaxd='3 3 no: of Coil Sidhe gy yr 06 lo} per pole = Be 3:28 Back pilh= 20 4k <2 4 Back pith ard e wo hadting piteh vequivcel Coromulater pitch = 1atl. 4 foe wot aching, tble 2 Yr adinding pilye 2 AYe = \4 Ye gst * Scanned with CamScanner Se Ge 1G a 1 FB 10 5 19 ory | ws eos 2y pee et 12 OF : ig Re Y Man cdd ¥ " wet @Q— Sy Mas hy haps oe erage be—20 <— 13 e— 6 e— 25 — 8 I Q: Difkrenu bro lap coinding and coave esinding : be Tn Cone oy lap woinding Here Wil be YY pa val pecbs jor a 4 pole rnackiat Gch oot| Coteibuting 10 volts Fow lop wading each path will havt Sov - “ boque 4 ” “ ” » Gov. + [Lap winding ase Chose, ex low ve Hage Nigh current. bef dave 8 “ en | In cose 4 \op windiing:— Doe to He fact for lop loin ding ore parol path Comes undir 1 pole: Ty core of Grave taint ag One powallt path Cones under all he Poles. Scanned with CamScanner . Ty there 16 @ mismatch jn care + lap Gindling pes one ® pavall path Crtwibu more Voltage, LomPared Fo Grothne poral path. : EL ih There Fs uneven cli’stsi bution of aad TL. voltaye theve wail be a civcubalig Comment chiven by -ua + by Ake voltage differnce 21-22 Ov ‘i ffalernal eristane and yo lage are bept very low -Han there will be very nigh Cusret Plowing Aen ik —> Therefore, Here Cases ghovlel be avoictect « “Tn. cose! Of dive windling since alk parallel path Come unelte au He poles distrilviin is game in all He pasha Thusefort wot donb hae AUS type of problem: To overcome He gitvation in \ap winding =~ [de Go geome equalize Connection “fo over Come “Hila problem: Ke Ware winding ave ale known at geria cainding - + Lop and wave wtadings are als veel for BC rnachine + + The Civ cubating Currest coTll heat up the cenasitigen TH comb colt alte Yoo through tht bruce ond Cerda Commy tation problem and voltage Mis rath ond Cours sparking: Scanned with CamScanner Equesi 2er Connection Equalizer Conmeckinn - hy equalize Ane Vo Hage in paralish path - + ohy voltae 8 di fyeret @ Eas Za pgn a + T4 g is different” coi be: olifgerent * + Flux pec pole G paramekr ef poles * Plux abe clspencts on aie gap bho aorafurxe ancl pole fer different Coil Then voltage Incluced + flow does nok only dle pend on ramp but ae on rehuckanes of ot) 2 if Jy ali ferent vader oli fern pols “hte flox coil) be didfert- Lop winding: slawje teret Howstry Hong ba © Some Vines 2qali2¢e COnractsts, fa fee of whey calbiol os Sayoli zee Sqyualizer dys connsl> a + Creas eally Hey ant Anan ab -jer ae overhang post Hen oa ib anny be make “Be Canae dion “ht et Scanned with CamScanner + Bovalizec Lonrectfon is but on is bufaally ghortin ng ConnecHon @ | oda +s ' Noh ghort similas poids in citferent pavatet patrs Frvegleg tafodiy = + Rawely ugel te dan do its Complexity: | 9 Ta The Same machine «T+ conaiots both lap and wave caine’ P24 Duplex coaves, as242e4 yap = 4 T+ gives total & parcallel podhs: c_lop_ andl 2 per Loaves Each glols have 4 colle gids 2 4p wave and lap coindling « pur Combines Ha acwantaje of p[Sone alots och are vacant are. gent ally Fil ot dawns coil o¢ winding Calummy) + Tt oil coe we comet T° arwal ww ioding It my not be pred vacant as 14 tart mechsita error 0 Smbolanct - TO make UP “yg Wenbaland Var clumny coi! in oN qaoah * * (neneraby she yo Hage dA roay we hart qo ut arded| re pwsh Poe cad Co Neat: Noke- Scanned with CamScanner Bip, Commutar.ron, » Since Ake amnatuee jg wiating if dhe onsrnatus — wtcles rebe pg 26 fig 2) anticlakiise * Ma Ake meer insta” 1 3 S goes tS” and F F 1 Came jo pte the Coreeak cdiceetion coil change « ke Hyactte 14 He Green cliredion clecskk change Aherthere LOIN be. opposite do 1 PPS woatatain onidirectional torque there com be A Chage in Ake Aire ction of Current te maintely Unidirectional torque K To gt Poite gpetel Coe naed nici veetional torque Chonge frome - SR fo +5R or +E to — Se + This prow of Chonging dieettion of turret drom KER 10 +h 16 Calld Lommytalfon: «the wevercal Gi torrent dtreck Commoietion: Width of Siggle Commutetor Samet = coidth ef brock Scanned with CamScanner qe thich Coil Came problem in wotition> on in a Particular coi) 1S wel ‘ ( ‘ \\sbLLbL SNiffing of brus "2 Brosh Yost a centad Wh Snow «+ the Wrrect 2Te oH be Spome but caith a Pare off Curved % in ib: tem 85 Equah Contact Ofte ©—ze-1' 0d @lte-2") x FF Te Te is Caled Hirt Commutho, Scanned with CamScanner ® v * Commodaton eVime depends on se pesiphoral ppeed of We * Commoyatory dnd lke coidth of tha brush: bad STL change =e le Te olelemins olipfomt type of 4 (momu dation Ty Ke int Tn dhe give graph is a gheayg % TA is Calld linoar boomutation + 4 ‘ Undirtomnytatton 7 PHSIEAU Commy tukion « ‘ { % ¢ v2 Co mmo tebion ‘ . Resistor of she contacts bteo Carbon brush and toi] + ‘ * Emt Can be induad clu to Lai. ‘ ar x S Gil otpes elf vindudana or dus to spud emf ho Commu tation must ocwr elie dre is no vo Hage inclu ced but not avordlable entry tine: So there cj!) be Spead em f+ * Tn Cah eh cove winding irrespective eh ne: will be pyeallel Poth and 2 bruches- & [The beush ghovld be placed ab a location whese all te on of Pola her ast enking or exiting + + CeSistona of coils Te Tn (© — veristene bro 2 and bwvshe ©, B ” Band n = wy for @ WEF ~ Ge-Dve -2T-T) ms UUs) co Scanned with CamScanner rT! (480) +L 24 Te C242 +B) Ww @ + DNe\ Be PAC RCH 4 Pere D L'( vo4¥ert)= Te C 2.4 Be) = (2ei4+7OTe C2474 VW. Cuccent theugh the col = Ee-i' 2 iho 3- Bn 2 1,35 TC HON ES @. 2 type oh wemStanu Pure Copper, Copper Geqmant a Geni conductor type rraktrial 2 plhich etistence ghoubl be in higher [I-4 » Caxton) ql: CASE rcrionnw are 2 ond ws A im C+ Ey Scanned with CamScanner @ * Rorfstanu 2,03 and ve © Contack wertstanee ernation ce e These ave formed bio Caxton brush aod lopperqurtacr of At Cormmudebor+ + 3 depends on arta « Yy.> Klas (black) “4 ee te og AL oD ' Te= — 2K ** 2 A Ay ke AL A = I— 2 As —DA3 A+ Az ALIAS Bd > Br sh width Scanned with CamScanner For position (D) | for position © fos positin @ A3= 0 Az7 Aa AnzAx fice © ed For positon ® For positton © Ax ZAR A 20 For position if n° ap proximation ausumed 2— © 3 =0 3% Ma, ® ie ¢ de +s olenominalor patsy | ® o © Are May ty, 9B be 7- Tey © preo—s ye —s Te Scanned with CamScanner & Ve 2 6-W Te He Veit 3 2 elles ZA rx 2%e B= @)]—© Co hee) | Qt.-i's are 2% - (Ly a OT. (1 _ +.) ies Dy -2"= Curvenk cle pencts eon Conta area aa of bw sh maxieven value ef La Ed beck tk Induckena - 2Te bub feaution bich connected + Dring Comey talion euerent Chonges Lv 4Te 4p Sle. toe that Ts a Change in Jhox- A chars BR Bede bs carreat indchor ppocies te Chea endl Seal aac, soltege Oppasi to ot tadeas vo lage = Udi a Scanned with CamScanner ' ty © TA. coll be rwtual as ge cocll as sey Todurctaner. @ Due te meltiple coils pretent- Comm tutto + Fe “seaclance Vo Hage jncluual ‘no tKe Cot! | Cre Li Ma yrirddes 1 Lig altes ole our or + The chaoge in curwert fs aboays game- [Ex = Ka Va- Tq | teathnu voltegt cai! lnduud or duvels ped Undiegoin ped pheal gped of je armatv —— Coram 1m — Scanned with CamScanner y>) . + Rotational em} ov Speed emf Due Av wehtix gpeed of fx caret winHon ig call 04 wtational em f- Rotational emf ear ghoul not be olovelopecl unolee ths Coil wich fe Undergoing Coramu tation. + Problems ariging daw to reacanu Vol rage, Qing vader Commomh-! ee | ¢ Ve & ( ‘ 2) ‘ ‘ vo ; 6 6 ‘ é ‘ & TE Lp ( Fe Time toanteat) § L Wee & fe more i teuky ; re Mot Hae Ve cosy OF and due to pres si a. Z Lange Lo there coilt be é As leg ooh Commutattan ( mor Hine) : € e aT Scanned with CamScanner inductor depends 1 + To rake ia linear t- Of no: of tues * To noi fy seactance Vo lage re coe have to aul fy tw develo ped volte by a gourte -"lo make it { Coulee AR yeacksnce vol tage - We trang former emt booz He wrest is changing Nad\ da __s go tabionel ent Ae Or btoz change fo fivk werk prae + To Counter transformer emf we Uae yotaHonal ent: to eee nolli fy He eye of prone (Fae te htm » Reottena Vo Hage jai Hakes cwotabfonal emf. Hare coould be dome Ge vorahonal VOltaje ak lommutation plact Cre BAVSind © (orgie bio Jucace or (Com mutulor, and flux To ger Mosar Commu takion Commu tetten voltage. Scanned with CamScanner rye €c Kiva Tae ZeBetyh — Ze (Coming form norefy tor) = Be arr jeleat Cart qhovll be ideally Zero at Commok- ction plate f-€ + lhe Commu tubort Are plaud oF gucka Place tohtve uve is Fnqgnetic neuhal « ‘ arevenging addi Hone! |» | @& Ls | Hn - \ ) | Brush of nawhral jc Yatrt Ws ne aes Scanned with CamScanner ‘ Arsenate Reaction, in a , © DC, Nachinu S MMp and flex dietsibotion in gpace ram tie Ue, ab fovyn pore at B Sve ohh Ny Ly Comm ~My remy 1S AS Comt and Hus te the eyyea | - + odes to proton ny aad dy hoe will be mm: + Palactoau Ase pocrent ~erejor flys will be Srrqulae. Scanned with CamScanner al ) + Difterena oepore_exefitttfons— * Tn case ok voter tofacting: He axis will be cliffert for chi ferent type of Winding and his ype ob woinding te callid os aistabviel winding Pe mer * Por fidd winding i+ fs a Con contefe coinding + Ei Cencontic Loinding FS alba Ustol foc dyandtormtc: Q+ Distbokd cinding place ond wtor is only Carrying Cusrent and net feld coinding - Thea ram} oad tlox pabtern - wa B FY Can be Opproxinnked with a tear or Ardaguhe Come Pea a SO aes) SRA + In com of disdaibuled winding coe vill aloays gct Some gore 4 A Aictribvdtion. and only DC eH excitation, ——__— —_—__ Scanned with CamScanner ANT wr ses wan Carmatu% en) @ Pp, 3tin ma tine da nreluchen enature Hy; a &, DC MND dx eseluctine (il be roax fev mak and COs Compaeed fo 8 and B- + In armatuee we generally ure chistaboted wfndiag - + Magnate neubel axis (MNA) doperds 6n este, we Jeb rea flax ex: + Gyeometfe 8 baoen north to govt. Fe we get ee ak middle point Clitjeren blo MNA of Pole and amature 2? A lve dietiwuies lox distribution = +In fea as cell ob arxmalv x to both Atarta ave 2 MN A + There is got_elechiicel alifpetne tn MNA'S of armature and jek pole- Th annatue xa poldmovig Han obre gare mm diigtyen Non « lalnen 2A then Var ad plone td ” Point: Z distavrtions dor fetd woincling and ammabre winding easels tha arrnasv% ts yorating byt the pve distr Tboyien of novye trill cemain pane: » nA os proce A in quindeake re x's: Scanned with CamScanner @ Reywhieat distribution ing Whe dig hibu Hien pf armatve and feld- . yok areremron “4 oo ot if aw woe ae eet eqn ore a) onthe, . ome climes due te very igh Ax dlandity Hon ie reqgraic enoktdal does tk gupport thor lus fe conch the eoagnahe t1ux ts dipped cUipped. ‘ + due yo gatweation we gek le flor a4 Compared to ee Ordjind gun: Boz: — lale have B-H cohalever the magrabie material used Scanned with CamScanner eee Ne Ron ae Obgecvattons ix from {wa distribution @ dq fe In oo load Concditvon he flux dist ibution fe: «phe wosulkent curve coi be Gant as he field, carve. US caevey. > No ammalyse Curren, no Amnatvee rom4, oo armature Je 4 2+ The wervitant flux is Fsibv Hon Ts no longer Yrometei cal about Ws pole axis. | &. For motor wvighh te lef ” gener wleft 40 wight Gy VANick pole tips fs geting more Alvx ond whic. Hp gelling jemamt 72 & \eadi'eg pole Which bie Ts feed by aemature {vx ft. Fnuscaring vx ait oi *« \eacling nu dips we will ge off Gentrator Lome Hick and vice veka in COM To Cane oh moter ° ¥ Tn care of Armotor te jot defy ard leaching pole ps fe Pacreaktd and + fe alecreard at teailicg pole Hee (opposite ts ave jor gennator) + 4 Tn no load He Cia and MYA lofncides and Tt fs nok fo We cane for Loaded londftfon GANA Maximum value of main field ip Wed Aten we mead roe Copper and mo iron. high crt , less efficent « Asmatvee mm more 1966 ymore « lor gain E 4 tects of Qwnature. ceaction ts Reduction in Emi flex per poke Te reduc aid hereto ve -ceducton in em 4} - a- Increase in iron \oSs2- Tron lose ———> Edely losses (Pe) :— Tt chepends on maximym Pur deity “BT hy Shoes 109g Pr) = Omr | Ta distibvtian maximum |lox has A seat Accat pane Tht maximum pox dewity ia inevtand 2 Spasking ab he Commptator qurfaet = lA\Wile placing a brush Ahm jo O finde voltage oF Find AA c 1 Arve To [aie fvx Are will be xo taHfonal vo lta: emhs & DIvo5 Gornmo bation Hos ld_nor be oNege ore 4 tha wells to auotd_gpadking and This gprthg . . yortage : Fi+ me Fe Cmmy) lose in on par loa gep —s ealdy or hyshrevis & B,, Len pole L JEae a bd nm Cindtted vo Vege) PL Tf — iron Joes 1 Ehyicteny caereare) @ Deloyed lommu tection = TA we have qua icienk indiichanes eh da coil. Change in turret dro. ¢Ta fe La) Ne * Scanned with CamScanner ® + Suddenly Shere will be a fomp from(—Ta+ ota) te Le and there wi be eloctic arc eneration of ac or gpark. cbepends on Lhe ee arnaink ob Ux Jlocatey ie s aay the Coil going Under Coromolaltoa Was Pore jn ducke nt hea it Loi Canta doloysd Commutetit lia An @ Peng |e ’ | 1% Ahae 15 ome flux jn clu do reawlbnt divx, 7 Cof} having Home tux | b > , b > > , ' ' 1 Lele =— Ta: OS. v © © Both Ae circuit Qe Fame corset But He corre, 4 in® Is algebeic Syaten: "@H Tn care 0} © we are getting obitterendial « O45» Dee + Bees bot Sh_wabu ef Le 2. te change from More 2s move dokey [beqgaa of ve coil depends oy length of Re arnahve] p Ones hang Portfon a he cotl depends on the PHA of te coil fe may qr un pH ond gome \o4 wilk Short pitch. Ty valor of induckan is in created ha amount of are ond Spar Will be increaned. Scanned with CamScanner - a - + The pring is being Given pa gwith tt cseak *mehaical Aslay and cto peda Me affect off arc. {eration gixigg it Jorme lime Jo veducee + (reneral Convenkion:— “The load is obty while opesating ho main Qusideh, due do Ste poset bi of and geatrating enowye hoot clas be. atte sib here is Continous “gpar'eing han ta heal” genrateal coil efped Ha Commuter Caming wing of piece: hoge ardog dod gparking fo aokicn He Personal wil 9 Tndvuronu of Oo coil is a Parameter « Li hr axe physical parameter - ae Y—> ig He pur linkage. me (meen wen) = 2Li Cama core Jeag th + aa +.0:24 Pole pith Sx cers je ceil length * Ge “Nag —y €= Loli | - Trductosce fs guch a powamebr that 7+ Opposes the Chany. in 2 -Ndd, di werent induclag a yo Ha . Oi oft wee by awe AN AGpiwt > fa - di . (Sr) a Seite hake up cu do he 2 tat date Oefermid or bal BPriny cloodn} oe eoork propery . cdl on faulty Swi teh - Scanned with CamScanner a E 4 \eok of Brush ghikt — S ST) we oki Ake brush tg nee magrel?. neutral je etyech of clelarseel Commutation coil! ber |e, @uen Ut Util geb Zero flex Bot Aka is not a good golotion at all:— \) Aremakure wn Bopends On aemahire Corre and Fa cle pencts On Th: and Corrent ( domaine) is Nglty Variahle ory He fool Can be Varied Wher arg ing corrtrt. We wil not be able to find Neto MNLA Altording bo ke varying coved it coil be oli }routh to checicle ie Ustere ht MANA coll) ocr 2 For ANN load we can decile ue MNA bo if Abe Ioaol és varied {4 coll be difficult to Aacide He my - — > Bwvsh Shovid be fixed ina spac daring Particular operation. + MHA ghiL fron HS onfginal posiifon dapondld on tht amount Ox Armature reaction oF Cromalure Wrest - Problem i- To fx “we brush Ob varying load is "ot possible « d-ax is 4 GOO, Fad + io phase opposition a“ sto pu reningt eld et Scanned with CamScanner @ . Fy - Fad ARS, More ie no ghije “Ran Voce is ne Fed only Faq. ee + Asmadere orn is calud as expsermagnetiziny beor id gale in quardratvre Compared te f72td to tnt? cxeakes a meso clemeg nef xy + But TP we ghife the beush i+ Th wilt xedlerce achul Lomponnk bvor ert fs Faot Value of _romf > *] Brush ghipy gives Dissves:- \\ Dt is not possible +o locate + actl pocition ef bush while in varying load: 2» Beusch ghifr give vise to homag rakizing efgeet of He AQvmalvrt ren leading to lec remeb in HUA per pole and hen inoluetd emt. Solotions of Ameakure mn :- In cease in leng-4n ef ale gers ak pole tips- by incweasing tls Corry hereaning Corvalv of He poles fe Ag' Ay Called os phempesiny oh pole hips. Cham4ering Scanned with CamScanner : ® ra) By; ; ) a inteasiny the veludine , Since toe Use $'Conm | deeceam ' Ae as 74 diperdd on La + tale can increan Le ' “HS aie gaps biko -lhe pole tps Tncreating the reluchiges. ) So that eifec of “the J of Grmafy ve hay [eM Conk bution fn ty actual 4iox O's Ab Hon iq ale 3°: Frond re ven | + Lneveare fn setuct Phy Oh, oe 49S yb eu Sach Sh He pole ip. Poe J Omi Mag tha lamtnatinn . F lux Seoing ing ell mob be dus +o ths, Ornit$30g Nomination ta alkemat pole Shoe or Shy a lOminablon (Fe A aE ny Compensating coinding:— Ii fe plaad on a pole #hoe Ty tere ae cwss Crrrek Howing in th Cenductor | Armature tha we hart be Yow bet Grvent iq he Compensating cdinclng and TS proportion to Tal Cimatvre correw) see Compensating winding Phould a. ‘ : © be in Sees catlh Qmmbve + Ie Can keep ries “Stony catmokiag « only Undir pole Phoes i} had ik eqgen only in kt polay © region of Can ally icp radiltss Dee qematue MAE Quing dvet roms as hey Can be x 5 Pept only uncke te pole Scanned with CamScanner ae “bing What type of aenuty re enn doo eve get for De mmachint 2? A Thee will be field! + Matin field Yon theo Held act in 1% divection to each + Awmature field es oe clenagmeti zing ayes coh) > Due 49 gome Magnetic Gedombton He vesullink flex dewi, Ts weclued and hence awmatyre wn Magne field and hats ashy f+ fs oon enatizing , “tt We Shi} +e brush after Asmahue m9 2? + Dernigreh 2g vil) reduce fx per pole anel Mav Canney be oletcomint Ackumbly or 7 coil] clepencds on vagying load and load depends on TaCavmatvee ema) + current a care of main fictd eofnaliing he winding 5 Con andue awhile in cam Of arnatre i ” » Bisel botive « and diéstanu bre Congeattive Pee f very lem go f+ te a yee e coay wr Ca, be Proximalid a5 BBIES CM “ype Pate conve po approxi K Addition ave Ob fferont or field coFndking And Qrnabst catndiing . — In care of Inge moter we vge Compenrahing winding, =. AT, As tmp, AT. = Pole art x aan. mmf Pole pith AT. = YW. Ata Scanned with CamScanner y Trcepaer i Additional pols nich we plat bho 2 mata Poles to get golvHon 40 Gemabure ren problens, 6 To ge the fame MA ab tke GNA Th We can add gome ive flux a RE Value (ill be ch MMA lll be fixed = + We ghoutd have nowth pole located ak Ye UNA pucitto,. Thieepole has its sole te ow lii4y aemalure ean cab i IN in Xexpolar region. In polas region in hupole Aoern't hat any effet. + Inkrpole has daothes wle in Commotatyor:- one Commotion o cpa in onde Lh we Constler froluchne SA 2% (pro akien we hae delay commy tate, Gad not Vator ancl auld 4 (Undir Commu tation ) : clus 40 inductee Cali nt Banh dre Comma tein + One of He Pole sips alll get Sparking Fonal voltage Ais Con be overcemed by woli Po ao poraional yo lA. ataablperte ea Scanned with CamScanner 69) es BAY + lle are Pepi re ux i Commutation egyon zero. Bud AL Maeaw Commotation vequised Gone gost of roagnef Foe te present to gentate wotetinal voliege at Commoetion pont TE we have Bigntly nagative sux and not Zero Hux Gotich coil produa rotational Tux and Cancalling the ey Ly wardfoner Vo | tagt) seqctanee Voltagt . + Tn kepsle has 2 les Veet helps do bring back He may nei. rauteads $0 its oviginal A toq routral Ii location 2+ Tt helps in making near Com my tabi, iy eee Tr ads tional POX in intepalr y9 jon - * Bot iy we have much nagative fox we will get Jerr | Commotion And We Will have parking at She ofter end 1 Caring sparkia, ‘ Brush = Sma le The brush uged for Commojatio Ts mace af Carbon and fe very high woristna. The +hicknt of buch is guch -{hab ik Can fovah @ 2493 Cramutel® gemnts af a fine genta 4s ‘ Possibility of phork chee tone to ono! Hd ut use high rorstina Corton bw to quoid gparking. \Athy we use Carbon 04 a brush maktviol 7 H Ik Area prush mort to Carey more wees - ; a Carbon WA low conpfichet of [Reto «Th vedua He t fection be — brvSh and Commvtdor gfe - ‘ Scanned with CamScanner 3, Carbon ns veay Wiyh medling point, al high “Hempemby x Tp becomes cust: Therefor, Phe Cormutador gud ace ath chk, Jor a tong peevoct of Hea Us Carhon heb high weristeae and He apes i helps te obtaty @ Good Lommotation (e. 12 Sparkin * TV has aq ~ive Hewp cont % wetskan “Wa efor He deop Almost werndins Constart Carbons art Qvaileble in i oent fem and Cad bE # OS Per Ake gating of Uke machinte 4 Ty vy doteiates tte prenore xdeas we reed se maintain the PrOue go we fix sprig with tke brush coAle being in Contech ott ke Commuter. Tokeyacn film te + Carbon tA not 9° gmooth as Copptr “So We vse gpk geaprik uk at grapnite (nF Smootner) cao wyes Ccupstc oxfde layte fe Joowd me “ a Ae fridfon) and it Is V1 a Qn indo laHeg roattuial + CuO iS food abt clevatid 4enpeaahy Siler 15 cablid as Inkertace Palm: WwW Carami}ation ic Senoorthy proom table of Gud prevtna 1+ Evento Te 6 formed ye peeakcown + «Two veadons :— \+ elckyieal 2+ Mechanical “ preahdowe Scanned with CamScanner @® Tr echaatcal bweakdows :- “The undulation are Whe this 1g F wh Pe Fy, this fs very less, PE & Lee te vey IW ARQ Amon P Vtg wtchanital wupture cue do co hich worry re Gnd Were v0 woAT ed bueahs clon Lv + Bi = Widens off {idm = \07 Sem ae = sho etvlen Ww ut te Me vo Stage gtiest wupry fag jagulatten of Guo wil and ne worst Br Wwe have Jor: Rign in svlalen- (of v Jem) hae 16 ele chrical ) break: is 100%) al boromy hon + The layer varia (0 (ot —™) Promet procs iaypike of 2 vo lrage pron] Te preakdloan radu voltage geadiedt aig Yager’ Type ok bee \e ard Cacbon Bush leo co fn alurd vial raachint a Elackrogeaphile — a. Petin-bondedt Catbon ——> High peed application Popular Commonly used 4. Silver 9 wa re . & ee poner Jers Ahan Bov vating 6 Copper grap 1 Gilvtr graphite fe uged 40 guppeot the wadio prequeayy inlerjer oat tonim oration peas we have gor ado draquery e — Scanned with CamScanner . No- ob in Repotes = ner of geormtbte noutbsal = 09+ of poles + Foo loo wating machfae we Can USE Home pont of advantage of in \expole + + Dusty gpacPing coe WM Nave gome ty pe of chabe ing and Wyn fecquey vine ext veduad by Using fw graph. 4 Oy Woo Can we UndteStanel the protien by +h color of sparking 2? — > Whitish — > lighty Under— Cora mutating 9 Yelloarsn| ceadity —> load Current te high ovteload- — > blurt — > Aemature Reminals are phot crrcuilsd — > Noisy gpark with chaltrring —» Over Commutatigg- Oy How Can wo gay that 46 bwen fe located at he magnate nisuleval 22 — Fy Ae mackie fe a DE motor, we Sh th flow Ane cusset 15 Sa poth 4h adiection She wt qhovid get ne game ppeed: > DAM machin Ts a BC gewentor anal ip wt jor Ane coeetenk (n OBpestre aireection. lAle ghoulet ger ae 7 both Hy Lame indued voltage —> In dvetive Rick method -— ee avC Small AC vo hag) ayy. aan mesrvn vol tye in mittive tmete ( alhee erp Scanned with CamScanner © ~ A Switch + DB Senalt AC Voltage Sourte eA all small millyoltinedty + s We have Jo ravch move the bach by brush yokes aim +o hold He bush am When We move brush rocker drm all dhe ruched are mod at a time + sualdehig on anck off pectaclicatly at the fame tne We have to move brush weer ann + TAt he location where the pai liivoltmekty reads zero or rninimum Volkge . Then —that point is Calol oA magnate neu neutral: Coat G4 inductive Rick method + . Laeary bwsh ghoold be locatid at magnetic neutral and i voltage qhov th be zero: Since He field fs an RL civeut @& ly Se MS aad) rsa / the vo Hage variation is ghown ty Ma gph and here we art fod vodaicing bani cally He 4eanstowmer emt »L4 Ahere is no wllire motion we don’t gd any Rind 4 re tetional of Wejch emf. Scanned with CamScanner Characteristics of De geneator = (3 No lack Joad Charackrsties 2- Extemal load Dc. gentrakor oo Sel4 excited Seperatly excited Difjerestil comport Comulahive + No load Characte detes fer shonk genurator Or Oper circuit chavackwetes (ce) % > field Coil velistants 2 ty > Aietel curred ea pbRoret> Q ey ‘ ie ey varyign # curred oy I Voltmeter had Nigh C7 seristana Hyreefore calkel a» open circuited Acraoture is seotsting at a Constant gpesel (rated speed) * a4 woe Fnevease Het Co rrent jlur wil Increase abd’-the voltage cot inc reat E te Zpdtn not correct oce- Scanned with CamScanner oce is “ke plot bio |\Corve. eo ts a # Gumaky ve Voltage and jeld Carrent : (Encorret oce ie bho Ga and q) ‘ + Fidd corced’ determined Hux, flue Te a dunckion of field — ¢ Co rrent ‘ d= 43) Ty fly) 4 o1 t Spte a certain Vit Are Mux oil Fn cw eake Vorovtyl lout apes a baxticular Valu of field cussed Hes Hu coll nt increas Vitaly btoz ef magnete Gockere—0 Faby ration or woz of ex hanttive no dipole moments present in @ fy tem oct es sidd #L4 we decveose he Cocvet 4x induccl voltage wilt relim back {7m a diffrent pads at zem Weed HK Cort duol flue. Conus frorn he property of —M magnetic matafot cald @) “rnaqneht cekenlivily: Due 4o his eckeer xsiclucl Aux we get wetichual_vo lag ¢. Scanned with CamScanner ’ » OCC for ghunk De crenemufor ~ @ . woktiny at yzatid gpeod Why not rheogtet ?? + Go (weridual 40x) sti Gre vise 4o ioducd voltage d.— b> GJ 4 © fge— 9 — non liner oc ac Scanned with CamScanner > eda Hebe treet + D4 We awnatee & is xotating at gpeod ny , ushonevtrr Lane is volkge Eo Ane Po Ty, and it caill add gome pus with fiddworet existingreridudl Sux, and give Tse te ¢, Giving vol tege Ers + To Aave Q gtable voltage Point Hare mush be gome inter fection bro O and © AS He glope of O

wrt tion for re NoMege puitd up - Scanned with CamScanner ®, Conditions axe importeak py voltage build up The magnetic aystn ghoold have qome wericlual fo x eebithan mgr be ers than Critical wesistence- 2: The relat wonchint gould “be. greabr han ceitical “apend: S “The gpeed eh the © lale cot -vedia Joon weristenal a) QA he OX pail be weclu cad - - @ ae cen ttlel Oy 7 Bs. > oP pirat rt noa ) e 7 rs Ri be excel Cond top Win be gtvek at \4-67) + Ty av Contlitfons ave gatified gloo T+ col je wea, Than feat yeH ond Hen wil get at Ir0V~ Vo is a train Phooomenan. for Shonk rnackint - An ste points axt Unstable except Ha gable vo Hage point for Bhonk roa un Vike Sept rately eer} madckiot PRote:- In a S$eprcatey exci kd machine Ly is Tn deptodet- and dsfined and at $debles Bot ia Cant of Shunk yp cw marching Te 7s ceperdond on Ea and 4 vi vera: nomal o+ oligahial vo Hintder ce Cannot rntesaxe 4 caniet Phot For lobooulor expec woe eaill oy ge gb volts) < pod. Scanned with CamScanner -Oce is exackly fame for Sepe wately 22d anal erame y tA possible to meatus We Phunk Acwee ee O6Cralt pobke. 6 {OCe 3s a geole verfon BH Cweve and ts bayz & Property of magattte wealtiel since magnetic $ystm venom Sam and BH cose ctl cenain fame anol OCC will be Jame jor ahork and seperately 2xTHd machin NOTE:- In @ Gevies exetted genimtor, Sina +e Held 6 Open circuited therefore He wehidual ox Can do any Hing oA floy Oi not Increaye 4 no weret And no voltage buil up Vil ake - Sitter we Wil nod be able draw the occ fer geries exalted ger vetor: HK Ronge eh Voltmeter veristenu i 10% 8 more Grmatu 2 retistane in singe * oe Le No lage proe builp may fail Th We Comection of fet io nor proper | sinitauy we have YE Ty apes, =o suk 1) opposite Connection ix Con nsgolT Pome Ho K Ond o place of “neveabing we gout dacreoring Pur dnd Voltage build YP ut not Fahe place TY GN ee voltae fs not getttas build up Aten coe have to chide ammettr clue to amencke Cout of owdry). 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